Antigens cd11c. Medical search

Substances that are recognized by the immune system and induce an immune reaction.

Differentiation antigens residing on mammalian leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens of a particular lineage or differentiation stage. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation.

Differentiation antigens found on thymocytes and on cytotoxic and suppressor T-lymphocytes. CD8 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are associative recognition elements in MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex) Class I-restricted interactions.

Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA).

Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

A bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis and HYDROLYSIS of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from NAD+ to ADP-RIBOSE. It is a cell surface molecule which is predominantly expressed on LYMPHOID CELLS and MYELOID CELLS.

Glycoproteins found on immature hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. They are the only molecules to date whose expression within the blood system is restricted to a small number of progenitor cells in the bone marrow.

Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with specificity for CD40 LIGAND. It is found on mature B-LYMPHOCYTES and some EPITHELIAL CELLS, lymphoid DENDRITIC CELLS. Evidence suggests that CD40-dependent activation of B-cells is important for generation of memory B-cells within the germinal centers. Mutations of the gene for CD40 antigen result in HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 3. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

A membrane glycoprotein and differentiation antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells that binds to CD40 ANTIGENS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and induces their proliferation. Mutation of the gene for CD40 ligand is a cause of HYPER-IGM IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, TYPE 1.

Unglycosylated phosphoproteins expressed only on B-cells. They are regulators of transmembrane Ca2+ conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation.

Substances elaborated by viruses that have antigenic activity.

Costimulatory T-LYMPHOCYTE receptors that have specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN. Activation of this receptor results in increased T-cell proliferation, cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival.

Acidic sulfated integral membrane glycoproteins expressed in several alternatively spliced and variable glycosylated forms on a wide variety of cell types including mature T-cells, B-cells, medullary thymocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, erythrocytes, and fibroblasts. CD44 antigens are the principle cell surface receptors for hyaluronate and this interaction mediates binding of lymphocytes to high endothelial venules. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Differentiation antigens expressed on pluripotential hematopoietic cells, most human thymocytes, and a major subset of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes. They have been implicated in integrin-mediated cellular adhesion and as signalling receptors on T-cells.

Glycolipid-anchored membrane glycoproteins expressed on cells of the myelomonocyte lineage including monocytes, macrophages, and some granulocytes. They function as receptors for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein.

Glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in T-cell adhesion and activation. They are expressed on most peripheral T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the T-cell receptor complex.

Ratio of T-LYMPHOCYTES that express the CD4 ANTIGEN to those that express the CD8 ANTIGEN. This value is commonly assessed in the diagnosis and staging of diseases affecting the IMMUNE SYSTEM including HIV INFECTIONS.

Glycoproteins expressed on all mature T-cells, thymocytes, and a subset of mature B-cells. Antibodies specific for CD5 can enhance T-cell receptor-mediated T-cell activation. The B-cell-specific molecule CD72 is a natural ligand for CD5. (From Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 2d ed, p156)

Antigens expressed primarily on the membranes of living cells during sequential stages of maturation and differentiation. As immunologic markers they have high organ and tissue specificity and are useful as probes in studies of normal cell development as well as neoplastic transformation.

A critical subpopulation of T-lymphocytes involved in the induction of most immunological functions. The HIV virus has selective tropism for the T4 cell which expresses the CD4 phenotypic marker, a receptor for HIV. In fact, the key element in the profound immunosuppression seen in HIV infection is the depletion of this subset of T-lymphocytes.

Glycoproteins expressed on cortical thymocytes and on some dendritic cells and B-cells. Their structure is similar to that of MHC Class I and their function has been postulated as similar also. CD1 antigens are highly specific markers for human LANGERHANS CELLS.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

The 140 kDa isoform of NCAM (neural cell adhesion molecule) containing a transmembrane domain and short cytoplasmic tail. It is expressed by all lymphocytes mediating non-MHC restricted cytotoxicity and is present on some neural tissues and tumors.

Antigens expressed on the cell membrane of T-lymphocytes during differentiation, activation, and normal and neoplastic transformation. Their phenotypic characterization is important in differential diagnosis and studies of thymic ontogeny and T-cell function.

A membrane-bound or cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of CYCLIC ADP-RIBOSE (cADPR) from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This enzyme generally catalyzes the hydrolysis of cADPR to ADP-RIBOSE, as well, and sometimes the synthesis of cyclic ADP-ribose 2' phosphate (2'-P-cADPR) from NADP.

Surface antigens expressed on myeloid cells of the granulocyte-monocyte-histiocyte series during differentiation. Analysis of their reactivity in normal and malignant myelomonocytic cells is useful in identifying and classifying human leukemias and lymphomas.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CD28 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD80 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a costimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Tetraspanin proteins found at high levels in cells of the lymphoid-myeloid lineage. CD53 antigens may be involved regulating the differentiation of T-LYMPHOCYTES and the activation of B-LYMPHOCYTES.

A cell adhesion protein that was originally identified as a heat stable antigen in mice. It is involved in METASTASIS and is highly expressed in many NEOPLASMS.

Zinc-binding metalloproteases that are members of the type II integral membrane metalloproteases. They are expressed by GRANULOCYTES; MONOCYTES; and their precursors as well as by various non-hematopoietic cells. They release an N-terminal amino acid from a peptide, amide or arylamide.

Any part or derivative of any protozoan that elicits immunity; malaria (Plasmodium) and trypanosome antigens are presently the most frequently encountered.

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

A costimulatory ligand expressed by ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS that binds to CD28 ANTIGEN with high specificity and to CTLA-4 ANTIGEN with low specificity. The interaction of CD86 with CD28 ANTIGEN provides a stimulatory signal to T-LYMPHOCYTES, while its interaction with CTLA-4 ANTIGEN may play a role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Lymphoid cells concerned with humoral immunity. They are short-lived cells resembling bursa-derived lymphocytes of birds in their production of immunoglobulin upon appropriate stimulation.

Polyomavirus antigens which cause infection and cellular transformation. The large T antigen is necessary for the initiation of viral DNA synthesis, repression of transcription of the early region and is responsible in conjunction with the middle T antigen for the transformation of primary cells. Small T antigen is necessary for the completion of the productive infection cycle.

A tumor necrosis factor receptor subtype found in a variety of tissues and on activated LYMPHOCYTES. It has specificity for FAS LIGAND and plays a role in regulation of peripheral immune responses and APOPTOSIS. Multiple isoforms of the protein exist due to multiple ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. The activated receptor signals via a conserved death domain that associates with specific TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS in the CYTOPLASM.

Antigens determined by leukocyte loci found on chromosome 6, the major histocompatibility loci in humans. They are polypeptides or glycoproteins found on most nucleated cells and platelets, determine tissue types for transplantation, and are associated with certain diseases.

Membrane antigens associated with maturation stages of B-lymphocytes, often expressed in tumors of B-cell origin.

High-molecular weight glycoproteins uniquely expressed on the surface of LEUKOCYTES and their hemopoietic progenitors. They contain a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase activity which plays a role in intracellular signaling from the CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. The CD45 antigens occur as multiple isoforms that result from alternative mRNA splicing and differential usage of three exons.

Process of classifying cells of the immune system based on structural and functional differences. The process is commonly used to analyze and sort T-lymphocytes into subsets based on CD antigens by the technique of flow cytometry.

Substances of fungal origin that have antigenic activity.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The major group of transplantation antigens in the mouse.

A 67-kDa sialic acid binding lectin that is specific for MYELOID CELLS and MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGE PRECURSOR CELLS. This protein is the smallest siglec subtype and contains a single immunoglobulin C2-set domain. It may play a role in intracellular signaling via its interaction with SHP-1 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE and SHP-2 PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE.

Any part or derivative of a helminth that elicits an immune reaction. The most commonly seen helminth antigens are those of the schistosomes.

Molecules on the surface of T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with antigens. The receptors are non-covalently associated with a complex of several polypeptides collectively called CD3 antigens (ANTIGENS, CD3). Recognition of foreign antigen and the major histocompatibility complex is accomplished by a single heterodimeric antigen-receptor structure, composed of either alpha-beta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, ALPHA-BETA) or gamma-delta (RECEPTORS, ANTIGEN, T-CELL, GAMMA-DELTA) chains.

Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes LEUKOCYTE-ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME.

Morphologic alteration of small B LYMPHOCYTES or T LYMPHOCYTES in culture into large blast-like cells able to synthesize DNA and RNA and to divide mitotically. It is induced by INTERLEUKINS; MITOGENS such as PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS, and by specific ANTIGENS. It may also occur in vivo as in GRAFT REJECTION.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that may play a role in the regulation of NF-KAPPA B and APOPTOSIS. They are found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; MAST CELLS and NK CELLS. Overexpression of CD30 antigen in hematopoietic malignancies make the antigen clinically useful as a biological tumor marker. Signaling of the receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.

A critical subpopulation of regulatory T-lymphocytes involved in MHC Class I-restricted interactions. They include both cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and CD8+ suppressor T-lymphocytes.

Sites on an antigen that interact with specific antibodies.

A subtype of tetraspanin proteins that play a role in cell adhesion, cell motility, and tumor metastasis. CD9 antigens take part in the process of platelet activation and aggregation, the formation of paranodal junctions in neuronal tissue, and the fusion of sperm with egg.

A glycoprotein that is secreted into the luminal surface of the epithelia in the gastrointestinal tract. It is found in the feces and pancreaticobiliary secretions and is used to monitor the response to colon cancer treatment.

A subclass of HLA-D antigens that consist of alpha and beta chains. The inheritance of HLA-DR antigens differs from that of the HLA-DQ ANTIGENS and HLA-DP ANTIGENS.

A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, CD15 antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen.

Those proteins recognized by antibodies from serum of animals bearing tumors induced by viruses; these proteins are presumably coded for by the nucleic acids of the same viruses that caused the neoplastic transformation.

Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.

A sialic acid-rich protein and an integral cell membrane mucin. It plays an important role in activation of T-LYMPHOCYTES.

Leukocyte differentiation antigens and major platelet membrane glycoproteins present on MONOCYTES; ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; PLATELETS; and mammary EPITHELIAL CELLS. They play major roles in CELL ADHESION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; and regulation of angiogenesis. CD36 is a receptor for THROMBOSPONDINS and can act as a scavenger receptor that recognizes and transports oxidized LIPOPROTEINS and FATTY ACIDS.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (ANTIGENS, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (RECEPTORS, LEUKOCYTE ADHESION) are LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1; MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN; and ANTIGEN, P150,95.

Large, transmembrane, non-covalently linked glycoproteins (alpha and beta). Both chains can be polymorphic although there is more structural variation in the beta chains. The class II antigens in humans are called HLA-D ANTIGENS and are coded by a gene on chromosome 6. In mice, two genes named IA and IE on chromosome 17 code for the H-2 antigens. The antigens are found on B-lymphocytes, macrophages, epidermal cells, and sperm and are thought to mediate the competence of and cellular cooperation in the immune response. The term IA antigens used to refer only to the proteins encoded by the IA genes in the mouse, but is now used as a generic term for any class II histocompatibility antigen.

A group of antigens that includes both the major and minor histocompatibility antigens. The former are genetically determined by the major histocompatibility complex. They determine tissue type for transplantation and cause allograft rejections. The latter are systems of allelic alloantigens that can cause weak transplant rejection.

Small glycoproteins found on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD59 restricts the cytolytic activity of homologous complement by binding to C8 and C9 and blocking the assembly of the membrane attack complex. (From Barclay et al., The Leukocyte Antigen FactsBook, 1993, p234)

IMMUNOGLOBULINS on the surface of B-LYMPHOCYTES. Their MESSENGER RNA contains an EXON with a membrane spanning sequence, producing immunoglobulins in the form of type I transmembrane proteins as opposed to secreted immunoglobulins (ANTIBODIES) which do not contain the membrane spanning segment.

Nuclear antigen with a role in DNA synthesis, DNA repair, and cell cycle progression. PCNA is required for the coordinated synthesis of both leading and lagging strands at the replication fork during DNA replication. PCNA expression correlates with the proliferation activity of several malignant and non-malignant cell types.

Oligosaccharide antigenic determinants found principally on NK cells and T-cells. Their role in the immune response is poorly understood.

A transmembrane protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that specifically binds to CD27 ANTIGEN. It is found on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; B-LYMPHOCYTES; and DENDRITIC CELLS where it plays a role in stimulating the proliferation of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES and CD8-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES.

A ubiquitously expressed complement receptor that binds COMPLEMENT C3B and COMPLEMENT C4B and serves as a cofactor for their inactivation. CD46 also interacts with a wide variety of pathogens and mediates immune response.

A class of animal lectins that bind to carbohydrate in a calcium-dependent manner. They share a common carbohydrate-binding domain that is structurally distinct from other classes of lectins.

Glycoproteins with a wide distribution on hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells and strongly expressed on macrophages. CD58 mediates cell adhesion by binding to CD2; (ANTIGENS, CD2); and this enhances antigen-specific T-cell activation.

55-kDa antigens found on HELPER-INDUCER T-LYMPHOCYTES and on a variety of other immune cell types. CD4 antigens are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family and are implicated as associative recognition elements in MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX class II-restricted immune responses. On T-lymphocytes they define the helper/inducer subset. CD4 antigens also serve as INTERLEUKIN-15 receptors and bind to the HIV receptors, binding directly to the HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120.

A ubiquitously expressed membrane glycoprotein. It interacts with a variety of INTEGRINS and mediates responses to EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

A CD antigen that contains a conserved I domain which is involved in ligand binding. When combined with CD18 the two subunits form MACROPHAGE-1 ANTIGEN.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

A glycoprotein that is a kallikrein-like serine proteinase and an esterase, produced by epithelial cells of both normal and malignant prostate tissue. It is an important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.

An integrin alpha subunit of approximately 150-kDa molecular weight. It is expressed at high levels on monocytes and combines with CD18 ANTIGEN to form the cell surface receptor INTEGRIN ALPHAXBETA2. The subunit contains a conserved I-domain which is characteristic of several of alpha integrins.

The lipopolysaccharide-protein somatic antigens, usually from gram-negative bacteria, important in the serological classification of enteric bacilli. The O-specific chains determine the specificity of the O antigens of a given serotype. O antigens are the immunodominant part of the lipopolysaccharide molecule in the intact bacterial cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)

A specific HLA-A surface antigen subtype. Members of this subtype contain alpha chains that are encoded by the HLA-A*02 allele family.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive.

The number of CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. Determination requires the use of a fluorescence-activated flow cytometer.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Carbohydrate antigens expressed by malignant tissue. They are useful as tumor markers and are measured in the serum by means of a radioimmunoassay employing monoclonal antibodies.

GPI-linked membrane proteins broadly distributed among hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells. CD55 prevents the assembly of C3 CONVERTASE or accelerates the disassembly of preformed convertase, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex.

Cell adhesion molecules present on virtually all monocytes, platelets, and granulocytes. CD31 is highly expressed on endothelial cells and concentrated at the junctions between them.

Cells grown in vitro from neoplastic tissue. If they can be established as a TUMOR CELL LINE, they can be propagated in cell culture indefinitely.

Membrane glycoproteins consisting of an alpha subunit and a BETA 2-MICROGLOBULIN beta subunit. In humans, highly polymorphic genes on CHROMOSOME 6 encode the alpha subunits of class I antigens and play an important role in determining the serological specificity of the surface antigen. Class I antigens are found on most nucleated cells and are generally detected by their reactivity with alloantisera. These antigens are recognized during GRAFT REJECTION and restrict cell-mediated lysis of virus-infected cells.

Tetraspanin proteins that are involved in a variety of cellular functions including BASEMENT MEMBRANE assembly, and in the formation of a molecular complexes on the surface of LYMPHOCYTES.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that is specific for 4-1BB LIGAND. It is found in a variety of immune cell types including activated T-LYMPHOCYTES; NATURAL KILLER CELLS; and DENDRITIC CELLS. Activation of the receptor on T-LYMPHOCYTES plays a role in their expansion, production of cytokines and survival. Signaling by the activated receptor occurs through its association with TNF RECEPTOR-ASSOCIATED FACTORS.

Progressive restriction of the developmental potential and increasing specialization of function that leads to the formation of specialized cells, tissues, and organs.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.

Large, phagocytic mononuclear leukocytes produced in the vertebrate BONE MARROW and released into the BLOOD; contain a large, oval or somewhat indented nucleus surrounded by voluminous cytoplasm and numerous organelles.

Polymorphic class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens present on almost all nucleated cells. At least 20 antigens have been identified which are encoded by the A locus of multiple alleles on chromosome 6. They serve as targets for T-cell cytolytic responses and are involved with acceptance or rejection of tissue/organ grafts.

Serological reactions in which an antiserum against one antigen reacts with a non-identical but closely related antigen.

Specialized cells of the hematopoietic system that have branch-like extensions. They are found throughout the lymphatic system, and in non-lymphoid tissues such as SKIN and the epithelia of the intestinal, respiratory, and reproductive tracts. They trap and process ANTIGENS, and present them to T-CELLS, thereby stimulating CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY. They are different from the non-hematopoietic FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS, which have a similar morphology and immune system function, but with respect to humoral immunity (ANTIBODY PRODUCTION).

Receptors present on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and B-LYMPHOCYTES that are specific for INTERLEUKIN-2 and play an important role in LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION. They are heterotrimeric proteins consisting of the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR ALPHA SUBUNIT, the INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR BETA SUBUNIT, and the INTERLEUKIN RECEPTOR COMMON GAMMA-CHAIN.

Sets of cell surface antigens located on BLOOD CELLS. They are usually membrane GLYCOPROTEINS or GLYCOLIPIDS that are antigenically distinguished by their carbohydrate moieties.

Those hepatitis B antigens found on the surface of the Dane particle and on the 20 nm spherical and tubular particles. Several subspecificities of the surface antigen are known. These were formerly called the Australia antigen.

Ubiquitously-expressed tetraspanin proteins that are found in late ENDOSOMES and LYSOSOMES and have been implicated in intracellular transport of proteins.

The uptake of naked or purified DNA by CELLS, usually meaning the process as it occurs in eukaryotic cells. It is analogous to bacterial transformation (TRANSFORMATION, BACTERIAL) and both are routinely employed in GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUES.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Tetraspanin proteins found associated with LAMININ-binding INTEGRINS. The CD151 antigens may play a role in the regulation of CELL MOTILITY.

A component of the B-cell antigen receptor that is involved in B-cell antigen receptor heavy chain transport to the PLASMA MEMBRANE. It is expressed almost exclusively in B-LYMPHOCYTES and serves as a useful marker for B-cell NEOPLASMS.

An encapsulated lymphatic organ through which venous blood filters.

Test for tissue antigen using either a direct method, by conjugation of antibody with fluorescent dye (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, DIRECT) or an indirect method, by formation of antigen-antibody complex which is then labeled with fluorescein-conjugated anti-immunoglobulin antibody (FLUORESCENT ANTIBODY TECHNIQUE, INDIRECT). The tissue is then examined by fluorescence microscopy.

Human immune-response or Class II antigens found mainly, but not exclusively, on B-lymphocytes and produced from genes of the HLA-D locus. They are extremely polymorphic families of glycopeptides, each consisting of two chains, alpha and beta. This group of antigens includes the -DR, -DQ and -DP designations, of which HLA-DR is most studied; some of these glycoproteins are associated with certain diseases, possibly of immune etiology.

A membrane-bound tumor necrosis family member found primarily on activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that binds specifically to CD30 ANTIGEN. It may play a role in INFLAMMATION and immune regulation.

The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.

A class of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of the N-glycosidic bond of nitrogen-linked sugars.

A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.

Molecules on the surface of B- and T-lymphocytes that recognize and combine with specific antigens.

Deliberate stimulation of the host's immune response. ACTIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of ANTIGENS or IMMUNOLOGIC ADJUVANTS. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION involves administration of IMMUNE SERA or LYMPHOCYTES or their extracts (e.g., transfer factor, immune RNA) or transplantation of immunocompetent cell producing tissue (thymus or bone marrow).

The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.

An alpha-integrin subunit found on lymphocytes, granulocytes, macrophages and monocytes. It combines with the integrin beta2 subunit (CD18 ANTIGEN) to form LYMPHOCYTE FUNCTION-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN-1.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Antigens of the virion of the HEPATITIS B VIRUS or the Dane particle, its surface (HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGENS), core (HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS), and other associated antigens, including the HEPATITIS B E ANTIGENS.

The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.

The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.

Serum that contains antibodies. It is obtained from an animal that has been immunized either by ANTIGEN injection or infection with microorganisms containing the antigen.

The relatively long-lived phagocytic cell of mammalian tissues that are derived from blood MONOCYTES. Main types are PERITONEAL MACROPHAGES; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; HISTIOCYTES; KUPFFER CELLS of the liver; and OSTEOCLASTS. They may further differentiate within chronic inflammatory lesions to EPITHELIOID CELLS or may fuse to form FOREIGN BODY GIANT CELLS or LANGHANS GIANT CELLS. (from The Dictionary of Cell Biology, Lackie and Dow, 3rd ed.)

Mice homozygous for the mutant autosomal recessive gene "scid" which is located on the centromeric end of chromosome 16. These mice lack mature, functional lymphocytes and are thus highly susceptible to lethal opportunistic infections if not chronically treated with antibiotics. The lack of B- and T-cell immunity resembles severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) syndrome in human infants. SCID mice are useful as animal models since they are receptive to implantation of a human immune system producing SCID-human (SCID-hu) hematochimeric mice.

Immunized T-lymphocytes which can directly destroy appropriate target cells. These cytotoxic lymphocytes may be generated in vitro in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC), in vivo during a graft-versus-host (GVH) reaction, or after immunization with an allograft, tumor cell or virally transformed or chemically modified target cell. The lytic phenomenon is sometimes referred to as cell-mediated lympholysis (CML). These CD8-positive cells are distinct from NATURAL KILLER CELLS and NATURAL KILLER T-CELLS. There are two effector phenotypes: TC1 and TC2.

Recombinant proteins produced by the GENETIC TRANSLATION of fused genes formed by the combination of NUCLEIC ACID REGULATORY SEQUENCES of one or more genes with the protein coding sequences of one or more genes.

The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.

A heterogeneous group of immunocompetent cells that mediate the cellular immune response by processing and presenting antigens to the T-cells. Traditional antigen-presenting cells include MACROPHAGES; DENDRITIC CELLS; LANGERHANS CELLS; and B-LYMPHOCYTES. FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS are not traditional antigen-presenting cells, but because they hold antigen on their cell surface in the form of IMMUNE COMPLEXES for B-cell recognition they are considered so by some authors.

The type species of LYMPHOCRYPTOVIRUS, subfamily GAMMAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting B-cells in humans. It is thought to be the causative agent of INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS and is strongly associated with oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY;), BURKITT LYMPHOMA; and other malignancies.

T-cell receptors composed of CD3-associated alpha and beta polypeptide chains and expressed primarily in CD4+ or CD8+ T-cells. Unlike immunoglobulins, the alpha-beta T-cell receptors recognize antigens only when presented in association with major histocompatibility (MHC) molecules.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Class I human histocompatibility (HLA) surface antigens encoded by more than 30 detectable alleles on locus B of the HLA complex, the most polymorphic of all the HLA specificities. Several of these antigens (e.g., HLA-B27, -B7, -B8) are strongly associated with predisposition to rheumatoid and other autoimmune disorders. Like other class I HLA determinants, they are involved in the cellular immune reactivity of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

The altered state of immunologic responsiveness resulting from initial contact with antigen, which enables the individual to produce antibodies more rapidly and in greater quantity in response to secondary antigenic stimulus.

Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.

The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

A melanosome-specific protein that plays a role in the expression, stability, trafficking, and processing of GP100 MELANOMA ANTIGEN, which is critical to the formation of Stage II MELANOSOMES. The protein is used as an antigen marker for MELANOMA cells.

A widely distributed cell surface transmembrane glycoprotein that stimulates the synthesis of MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASES. It is found at high levels on the surface of malignant NEOPLASMS and may play a role as a mediator of malignant cell behavior.

A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Antigens associated with specific proteins of the human adult T-cell immunodeficiency virus (HIV); also called HTLV-III-associated and lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) antigens.

An inhibitory T CELL receptor that is closely related to CD28 ANTIGEN. It has specificity for CD80 ANTIGEN and CD86 ANTIGEN and acts as a negative regulator of peripheral T cell function. CTLA-4 antigen is believed to play role in inducing PERIPHERAL TOLERANCE.

A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)

A widely expressed transmembrane glycoprotein that functions as a METASTASIS suppressor protein. It is underexpressed in a variety of human NEOPLASMS.

Immunologic techniques based on the use of: (1) enzyme-antibody conjugates; (2) enzyme-antigen conjugates; (3) antienzyme antibody followed by its homologous enzyme; or (4) enzyme-antienzyme complexes. These are used histologically for visualizing or labeling tissue specimens.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The phenotypic manifestation of a gene or genes by the processes of GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION and GENETIC TRANSLATION.

A group of differentiation surface antigens, among the first to be discovered on thymocytes and T-lymphocytes. Originally identified in the mouse, they are also found in other species including humans, and are expressed on brain neurons and other cells.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The specific failure of a normally responsive individual to make an immune response to a known antigen. It results from previous contact with the antigen by an immunologically immature individual (fetus or neonate) or by an adult exposed to extreme high-dose or low-dose antigen, or by exposure to radiation, antimetabolites, antilymphocytic serum, etc.

Manifestations of the immune response which are mediated by antigen-sensitized T-lymphocytes via lymphokines or direct cytotoxicity. This takes place in the absence of circulating antibody or where antibody plays a subordinate role.

A single, unpaired primary lymphoid organ situated in the MEDIASTINUM, extending superiorly into the neck to the lower edge of the THYROID GLAND and inferiorly to the fourth costal cartilage. It is necessary for normal development of immunologic function early in life. By puberty, it begins to involute and much of the tissue is replaced by fat.

Endogenous tissue constituents that have the ability to interact with AUTOANTIBODIES and cause an immune response.

A group of genetically identical cells all descended from a single common ancestral cell by mitosis in eukaryotes or by binary fission in prokaryotes. Clone cells also include populations of recombinant DNA molecules all carrying the same inserted sequence. (From King & Stansfield, Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Nuclear antigens encoded by VIRAL GENES found in HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 4. At least six nuclear antigens have been identified.

A soluble substance elaborated by antigen- or mitogen-stimulated T-LYMPHOCYTES which induces DNA synthesis in naive lymphocytes.

A class of immunoglobulin bearing mu chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN MU-CHAINS). IgM can fix COMPLEMENT. The name comes from its high molecular weight and originally being called a macroglobulin.

A cell line derived from cultured tumor cells.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

A sex-specific cell surface antigen produced by the sex-determining gene of the Y chromosome in mammals. It causes syngeneic grafts from males to females to be rejected and interacts with somatic elements of the embryologic undifferentiated gonad to produce testicular organogenesis.

A cell adhesion molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is expressed in ENDOTHELIAL CELLS and is involved in INTERCELLULAR JUNCTIONS.

Antigens stimulating the formation of, or combining with heterophile antibodies. They are cross-reacting antigens found in phylogenetically unrelated species.

CD4-positive T cells that inhibit immunopathology or autoimmune disease in vivo. They inhibit the immune response by influencing the activity of other cell types. Regulatory T-cells include naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ cells, IL-10 secreting Tr1 cells, and Th3 cells.

Antibodies obtained from a single clone of cells grown in mice or rats.

Antigenic determinants recognized and bound by the T-cell receptor. Epitopes recognized by the T-cell receptor are often located in the inner, unexposed side of the antigen, and become accessible to the T-cell receptors after proteolytic processing of the antigen.

The major interferon produced by mitogenically or antigenically stimulated LYMPHOCYTES. It is structurally different from TYPE I INTERFERON and its major activity is immunoregulation. It has been implicated in the expression of CLASS II HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS in cells that do not normally produce them, leading to AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES.

A heterodimeric protein that is a cell surface antigen associated with lymphocyte activation. The initial characterization of this protein revealed one identifiable heavy chain (ANTIGENS, CD98 HEAVY CHAIN) and an indeterminate smaller light chain. It is now known that a variety of light chain subunits (ANTIGENS, CD98 LIGHT CHAINS) can dimerize with the heavy chain. Depending upon its light chain composition a diverse array of functions can be found for this protein. Functions include: type L amino acid transport, type y+L amino acid transport and regulation of cellular fusion.

The hepatitis B antigen within the core of the Dane particle, the infectious hepatitis virion.

Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.

The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.

They are oval or bean shaped bodies (1 - 30 mm in diameter) located along the lymphatic system.

The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.

Technique involving the diffusion of antigen or antibody through a semisolid medium, usually agar or agarose gel, with the result being a precipitin reaction.

A group of the D-related HLA antigens found to differ from the DR antigens in genetic locus and therefore inheritance. These antigens are polymorphic glycoproteins comprising alpha and beta chains and are found on lymphoid and other cells, often associated with certain diseases.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations, or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. All animals within an inbred strain trace back to a common ancestor in the twentieth generation.

A glycolipid, cross-species antigen that induces production of antisheep hemolysin. It is present on the tissue cells of many species but absent in humans. It is found in many infectious agents.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

An inhibitory B7 antigen that has specificity for the T-CELL receptor PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH 1 PROTEIN. CD274 antigen provides negative signals that control and inhibit T-cell responses and is found at higher than normal levels on tumor cells, suggesting its potential role in TUMOR IMMUNE EVASION.

Serologic tests based on inactivation of complement by the antigen-antibody complex (stage 1). Binding of free complement can be visualized by addition of a second antigen-antibody system such as red cells and appropriate red cell antibody (hemolysin) requiring complement for its completion (stage 2). Failure of the red cells to lyse indicates that a specific antigen-antibody reaction has taken place in stage 1. If red cells lyse, free complement is present indicating no antigen-antibody reaction occurred in stage 1.

A species of POLYOMAVIRUS originally isolated from Rhesus monkey kidney tissue. It produces malignancy in human and newborn hamster kidney cell cultures.

Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including mucins, mucoid, and amyloid glycoproteins.

Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.

Antigens that exist in alternative (allelic) forms in a single species. When an isoantigen is encountered by species members who lack it, an immune response is induced. Typical isoantigens are the BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS.

Cells artificially created by fusion of activated lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. The resulting hybrid cells are cloned and produce pure MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES or T-cell products, identical to those produced by the immunologically competent parent cell.

A melanosome-associated protein that plays a role in the maturation of the MELANOSOME.

The genetic region which contains the loci of genes which determine the structure of the serologically defined (SD) and lymphocyte-defined (LD) TRANSPLANTATION ANTIGENS, genes which control the structure of the IMMUNE RESPONSE-ASSOCIATED ANTIGENS, HUMAN; the IMMUNE RESPONSE GENES which control the ability of an animal to respond immunologically to antigenic stimuli, and genes which determine the structure and/or level of the first four components of complement.

Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Form of passive immunization where previously sensitized immunologic agents (cells or serum) are transferred to non-immune recipients. When transfer of cells is used as a therapy for the treatment of neoplasms, it is called adoptive immunotherapy (IMMUNOTHERAPY, ADOPTIVE).

The haemopoietic growth factor, Flt3L, alters the immune response induced by transcutaneous immunization. (1/629)

Topical application of antigen induces antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. In this study we examined whether expansion of dendritic cells (DC) by Flt3 ligand (Flt3L) treatment influences the induction of immune responses following transcutaneous immunization. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with Flt3L or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and immunized transcutaneously with hen egg lysozyme (HEL). Flt3L-treated mice developed lower HEL-specific cellular and humoral immune responses than PBS-treated mice. However, in the presence of cholera toxin (CT), a potent adjuvant for mucosal and transcutaneous immunization, Flt3L-treated mice developed significantly higher cellular and humoral immune responses to HEL when compared to PBS-treated mice. We assessed whether the immunomodulatory effects of CT were a result of activation of epidermal dendritic cells (Langerhans' cells; LC). Our results indicate that within 8-12 hr of topical application of CT, epidermal LC cells lose their dendritic morphology and become rounder in appearance. In addition, we observed enhanced expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, and of adhesion molecules CD11c and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Our observations support the concept that the state of activation of DC in the skin is central to the regulation of immune responses. This information is relevant to the design of effective transcutaneous vaccination strategies. (+info)

The interplay of dendritic cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus. (2/629)

Dendritic cells (DC) control immunity and tolerance. Hence, we surmised that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a systemic autoimmune disease with autoreactive T and B cells, might be due to DC alterations. Based on our findings, we are proposing a model of SLE where autoimmune responses are driven by unabated activation of myeloid DC through IFN-alpha produced by plasmacytoid DC. Thus, interplay between DC subsets might represent a key component of SLE pathogenesis. (+info)

Mouse CD11c(+) B220(+) Gr1(+) plasmacytoid dendritic cells develop independently of the T-cell lineage. (3/629)

The developmental origin of dendritic cells (DCs) is controversial. In the mouse CD8alpha(+) and CD8alpha(-) DC subsets are often considered to be of lymphoid and myeloid origin respectively, although evidence on this point is conflicting. Very recently a novel CD11c(+) B220(+) DC subset has been identified that appears to be the murine counterpart to interferon alpha (IFNalpha)-producing human plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs). We show here that CD11c(+) B220(+) mouse PDCs, like human PDCs, are present in the thymus and express T lineage markers such as CD8alpha and CD4. However, the intrathymic development of PDCs can be completely dissociated from immature T lineage cells in mixed chimeras established with bone marrow cells from mice deficient for either Notch-1 or T-cell factor 1, two independent mutations that severely block early T-cell development. Our data indicate that thymic PDCs do not arise from a bipotential T/DC precursor. (+info)

Myeloid blood CD11c(+) dendritic cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells differ in their ability to stimulate T lymphocytes. (4/629)

Dendritic cells (DCs) initiate and direct immune responses. Recent studies have defined different DC populations, therefore we undertook this study comparing 2 types of myeloid DCs: blood CD11c(+) DCs and in vitro monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs), which are both candidates as cellular adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy. Blood CD11c(+) DCs were prepared by cell sorting from peripheral blood mononuclear cells cultured overnight in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with autologous or pooled AB serum. Mo-DCs were prepared in the same medium using granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/interleukin 4 (IL-4) and differentiated/activated with lipopolysaccharide or monocyte-conditioned medium (ActMo-DCs). Morphologically, differences between the DC preparations were noted both at a light and and electron microscopic level. Blood CD11c(+) DCs expressed similar levels of HLA-DR, CD40, CD86, and CD83 as Mo-DCs. CD209 was present on Mo-DCs but not on blood CD11c(+) DCs. Blood CD11c(+) DCs generated a lower proliferative mixed leukocyte response (MLR) than Mo-DCs. Blood CD11c(+) DCs loaded with 0.1 microg/mL tetanus toxoid (TT)-generated greater T lymphocyte proliferative responses than did Mo-DCs or ActMo-DCs, but when loaded with higher TT concentrations no difference in T lymphocyte proliferative response was observed. Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-loaded blood CD11c(+) DCs generated greater T lymphocyte proliferative responses than Mo-DCs or ActMo-DCs. Allogeneic MLR- or KLH-specific responses induced by blood CD11c(+) DCs generated more Th1 effectors than the responses induced by Mo-DCs or ActMo-DCs. These data establish several differences in the properties of blood CD11c(+) DCs, Mo-DCs, and ActMo-DCs, which suggest that blood DCs merit further consideration as DC preparations for clinical programs are evolved. (+info)

Blood dendritic cells interact with splenic marginal zone B cells to initiate T-independent immune responses. (5/629)

Marginal zone (MZ) and B1 B lymphocytes participate jointly in the early immune response against T-independent (TI) particulate antigens. Here we show that blood-derived neutrophil granulocytes and CD11c(lo) immature dendritic cells (DC) are the primary cells that efficiently capture and transport particulate bacteria to the spleen. In a systemic infection, CD11c(lo) DC, but not neutrophils, provide critical survival signals, which can be inhibited by TACI-Fc, to antigen-specific MZ B cells and promote their differentiation into IgM-secreting plasmablasts. In a local TI response, peritoneal cavity macrophages provide similar support to B1 B-derived Ag-specific blasts. In the absence of soluble TACI ligands, Ag-activated MZ- and B1-derived blasts lack survival signals and undergo apoptosis, resulting in severely impaired antibody responses. (+info)

Transient induction of cyclin T1 during human macrophage differentiation regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat transactivation function. (6/629)

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Tat protein is essential for viral replication and stimulates transcription of the integrated provirus by recruiting the kinase complex TAK/P-TEFb, composed of cyclin T1 (CycT1) and Cdk9, to the viral TAR RNA element. TAK/P-TEFb phosphorylates the RNA polymerase II complex and stimulates transcriptional elongation. In this report, we investigated the regulation of TAK/P-TEFb in primary human macrophages, a major target cell of HIV infection. While Cdk9 levels remained constant, CycT1 protein expression in freshly isolated monocytes was very low, increased early during macrophage differentiation, and, unexpectedly, decreased to very low levels after about 1 week in culture. The kinase activity of TAK/P-TEFb paralleled the changes in CycT1 protein expression. RNA analysis indicated that the transient induction of CycT1 protein expression involves a posttranscriptional mechanism. In transient transfection assays, the ability of Tat to transactivate the HIV long terminal repeat (LTR) in the late differentiated macrophages was greatly diminished relative to its ability to transactivate the HIV LTR in early differentiated cells, strongly suggesting that CycT1 is limiting for Tat function in late differentiated macrophages. Interestingly, lipopolysaccharide, a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria, reinduced CycT1 expression late in macrophage differentiation. These results raise the possibility that regulation of CycT1 expression may be involved in establishing latent infection in macrophages and that opportunistic infection may reactivate the virus by inducing CycT1 expression. (+info)

MUC1 epithelial mucin (CD227) is expressed by activated dendritic cells. (7/629)

The MUC1 mucin (CD227) is a cell surface mucin originally thought to be restricted to epithelial tissues. We report that CD227 is expressed on human blood dendritic cells (DC) and monocyte-derived DC following in vitro activation. Freshly isolated murine splenic DC had very low levels of CD227; however, all DC expressed CD227 following in vitro culture. In the mouse spleen, CD227 was seen on clusters within the red pulp and surrounding the marginal zone in the white pulp. Additionally, we confirm CD227 expression by activated human T cells and show for the first time that the CD227 cytoplasmic domain is tyrosine-phosphorylated in activated T cells and DC and is associated with other phosphoproteins, indicating a role in signaling. The function of CD227 on DC and T cells requires further elucidation. (+info)

Sezary syndrome patients demonstrate a defect in dendritic cell populations: effects of CD40 ligand and treatment with GM-CSF on dendritic cell numbers and the production of cytokines. (8/629)

Sezary syndrome (SzS) is an advanced form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma associated with involvement of the peripheral blood by malignant T cells. The disease is defined by impaired cell-mediated immunity and the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), possibly as a result of deficient IL-12 production. To understand the mechanism of this impairment, we examined the composition and function of dendritic cells and monocytes in the blood of SzS patients with different levels of peripheral blood tumor burden. Consistent with our previous observations, numbers of monocytes in SzS patients were comparable to numbers observed in healthy donors. In contrast, decreased IL-12 production correlated with a decrease in the numbers of CD11c(+) dendritic cells, which was particularly profound among patients with medium (20%-50% circulating malignant T cells) and high (more than 50% circulating malignant T cells) tumor burden. Furthermore, CD123(+) dendritic cells, major producers of IFN-alpha, were significantly diminished in SzS patients, regardless of the level of tumor burden. Granulocyte macrophage-colony-stimulating factor-treated patients experienced an increase in the number of dendritic cells but not in IFN-alpha or IL-12 production. However, in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SzS patients with rCD40L and IFN-gamma significantly increased the production of IL-12. Thus, our results demonstrate a profound defect in circulating dendritic cells in SzS patients that may contribute to the pathogenesis of the cytokine disorders and to the depressed cellular immunity. Importantly, the ability of rCD40L to potently induce IL-12 production from monocytes and residual dendritic cells of SzS patients could potentially serve as an immune-restorative therapeutic agent. (+info)

The markers include CD11c, CD80, CD83, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex class II antigens. The neoplastic dendritic ... Dendritic cells function as antigen-presenting cells. They process antigen material and present it on the surface to other ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_myeloid_dendritic_cell_leukemia

Dendritic cells (DCs) are most powerful antigen presenting cells for the induction of antigen specific T cell response and ... are derived from myeloid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and are characterized by expression of CD11c. cDCs can be ... Most critical step in vaccination is the effective presentation of cancer antigens to T cells and because of DCs are the most ... Non-activated (immature) DCs are usually located in the peripheral non-lymphoid tissues and they can present self-antigens to T ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_cells-_based_cancer_vaccines

Integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide), also known as ITGAL, is ... CD11a has been shown to interact with ICAM-1. CD11c integrin leukocyte adhesion deficiency Cluster of differentiation GRCh38: ... antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1; alpha polypeptide)". Lu C, Takagi J, Springer TA (May 2001). " ... CD11a Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ITGAL Info with links in the Cell ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD11a

Mouse pDC express CD11c, B220, BST-2/Tetherin (mPDCA) and Siglec-H and are negative for CD11b. As components of the innate ... blood-derived dendritic cell antigen-2 (BDCA-2), Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9 within endosomal compartments, but do not ... express high levels of CD11c or CD14, which distinguishes them from conventional dendritic cells or monocytes, respectively. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasmacytoid_dendritic_cell

... one of its key identifiers is the absence in expression of the surface antigens CD10, CD11c, CD25, CD103 and cyclin D1 - an ... B-lymphocytes have two responsibilities: Production of antibodies - In response to antigens, B-lymphocytes produce and release ... b-lymphocyte surface antigens CD19, CD20, CD22, CD79a and FMC7, and weak expression of CD5 and CD23. Due to the similarities ... Interactions between antibodies and antigens allow B-lymphocytes to establish cellular memories, otherwise known as immunities ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-Cell_Prolymphocytic_Leukemia

... present on macrophages that is also called Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) and αmβ2 integrin. CD11c/CD18 also called complement ... For example, LFA1 (CD11a/CD18) short representation of Lymphocyte Function-associated Antigen 1, also called αLβ2 integrin Mac1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD11

... antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ITGB2 Info with links in the Cell Migration ... paired with CD11c) Integrin alphaDbeta2 (paired with CD11d) The ITGB2 protein product is the integrin beta chain beta 2. ... Huang C, Springer TA (August 1995). "A binding interface on the I domain of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) ... It is the beta subunit of four different structures: LFA-1 (paired with CD11a) Macrophage-1 antigen (paired with CD11b) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD18

... antigens, cd11a MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.111.049 --- antigens, cd11b MeSH D23.050.301.264.035.111.074 --- antigens, cd11c MeSH ... antigens, cd11a MeSH D23.101.100.110.111.049 --- antigens, cd11b MeSH D23.101.100.110.111.074 --- antigens, cd11c MeSH D23.101. ... hla-a antigens MeSH D23.050.301.500.450.370.372 --- hla-a1 antigen MeSH D23.050.301.500.450.370.374 --- hla-a2 antigen MeSH ... hla-b antigens MeSH D23.050.301.500.450.380.383 --- hla-b7 antigen MeSH D23.050.301.500.450.380.385 --- hla-b8 antigen MeSH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D23)

CD18 Macrophage-1 antigen (CR3) - Heterodimer: CD11b / CD18 Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CR4) - Heterodimer: CD11c / CD18 Very late ... Antigen Antigenicity Immunogen Superantigen Allergen Hapten Epitope Linear Conformational Mimotope Tumor antigen Antigen- ... T cells Antigen receptor - T cell receptor (TCR) Subunits - [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] / [email protected] Co-receptors CD8 (CD8α / CD8β) CD4 ... CD11c) Beta subunits B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 Dimers Cytoadhesin receptor Integrin alpha6beta4 Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_immunology

... Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Mouse CD Antigen Chart Human CD Antigen ... CD11c, also known as Integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) (ITGAX), is a gene that encodes for CD11c . ... CD11c is a type I transmembrane protein found at high levels on most human dendritic cells, but also on monocytes, macrophages ... Bilsland CA, Diamond MS, Springer TA (1994). "The leukocyte integrin p150,95 (CD11c/CD18) as a receptor for iC3b. Activation by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD11c

MeshName - CD11c+Antigens [1]. *Mouse CD Antigen Chart. *Human CD Antigen Chart ... O CD11c (cluster de diferenciación 11c) ou cadea alfa X de integrina é unha subunidade de proteína transmembrana de tipo I que ... Córbi AL, Lopéz-Rodríguez C (1997). "CD11c integrin gene promoter activity during myeloid differentiation.". Leuk. Lymphoma 25 ... Bilsland CA, Diamond MS, Springer TA (1994). "The leukocyte integrin p150,95 (CD11c/CD18) as a receptor for iC3b. Activation by ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD11c

Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CD11c+CD18). *Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-selectin

Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CD11c+CD18). *Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH8_

Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CD11c+CD18). *Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29) ... "Interaction of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta with the DF3/MUC1 carcinoma-associated antigen and beta-catenin". Molecular and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDH1_

Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CD11c+CD18). *Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29) ... Primarily, the VCAM-1 protein is an endothelial ligand for VLA-4 (Very Late Antigen-4 or integrin α4β1) of the β1 subfamily of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCAM1

In terms of expression markers, islet macrophages are positive for; F4/80, CD11b, CD11c, MHC-II, CD64, CD68, LyzM (lysozyme), ... The islet resident macrophage was first identified in 1979 as an antigen-presenting cell (APC), which expresses major ... Calderon, B (2014). "The Central Role of Antigen Presentation in Islets of Langerhans in Autoimmune Diabetes". Curr Opin ... Hume, DA (1984). "The mononuclear phagocyte system of the mouse defined by immunohistochemical localization of antigen F4/80: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pancreatic_islet_macrophage

CD11c−, Gr-1−, NK1.1−, B220−, CD3−, γδTCR−, αβTCR−, α4 and β4-integrin negative. Recently, Heneberg proposed that basophils may ... pollen proteins or helminth antigens. Recent studies in mice suggest that basophils may also regulate the behavior of T cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophil

Integrin alphaXbeta2 (CD11c+CD18). *Macrophage-1 antigen (CD11b+CD18). *VLA-4 (CD49d+CD29) ... In humans, the CD44 antigen is encoded by the CD44 gene on Chromosome 11.[5] CD44 has been referred to as HCAM (homing cell ... The CD44 antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein involved in cell-cell interactions, cell adhesion and migration. ... Indian blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD44

... antigens, cd11a MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.150 -- antigens, cd11b MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.408.100.200 -- antigens, cd11c ... antigen, b-cell MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.821.500 -- antigens, cd79 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.816.824 -- receptors, antigen, ... antigens, cd22 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.124 -- antigens, cd24 MeSH D12.776.543.550.200.131 -- antigens, cd31 MeSH D12.776. ... antigens, cd27 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.072 -- antigens, cd30 MeSH D12.776.543.750.705.852.760.097 -- antigens, cd40 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D12.776.543)

"Entrez Gene: ITGB3 integrin, beta 3 (platelet glycoprotein IIIa, antigen CD61)".. *^ May, K. E.; Villar, J.; Kirtley, S.; ... CD61+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrin_beta_3

The antigen is then transferred from CD23+ B cells to CD11c+ antigen presenting cells. The CD11c+ cells in turn present the ... "CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18". Immunity ... Antigens which enter the blood stream can be captured by antigen specific IgE antibodies. The IgE immune complexes that are ... "IgE-mediated enhancement of CD4+ T cell responses in mice requires antigen presentation by CD11c+ cells and not by B cells". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD23

CD64+Antigens at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD64_

As células CD11c+ á súa vez presentan o antíxeno a células T CD4+, o que pode orixinar unha potenciación da resposta de ... "IgE-Mediated Enhancement of CD4+ T Cell Responses in Mice Requires Antigen Presentation by CD11c+ Cells and Not by B Cells". ... 1995). "CD23 regulates monocyte activation through a novel interaction with the adhesion molecules CD11b-CD18 and CD11c-CD18". ...

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/FcεRII

PGE2 is able to elevate the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in CD11C(+) dendritic cells and promotes the development ... "The IDO1 selective inhibitor epacadostat enhances dendritic cell immunogenicity and lytic ability of tumor antigen-specific T ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indoleamine_2,3-dioxygenase

1997). "The Oka blood group antigen is a marker for the M6 leukocyte activation antigen, the human homolog of OX-47 antigen, ... 1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a member of the Ig superfamily, is the species homologue of rat OX-47, mouse ... Kasinrerk W, Fiebiger E, Stefanová I, Baumruker T, Knapp W, Stockinger H (1992). "Human leukocyte activation antigen M6, a ... Ok blood group system at BGMUT Blood Group Antigen Gene Mutation Database at NCBI, NIH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basigin

"Direct association of adenosine deaminase with a T cell activation antigen, CD26". Science. 261 (5120): 466-9. doi:10.1126/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipeptidyl_peptidase-4

In addition to aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions the CD8 co-receptor also plays a role in T cell signaling. The ... the CD8 co-receptor plays a role in T cell signaling and aiding with cytotoxic T cell antigen interactions. ... This affinity keeps the T cell receptor of the cytotoxic T cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen- ... Once the T cell receptor binds its specific antigen Lck phosphorylates the cytoplasmic CD3 and ζ-chains of the TCR complex ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD8

... is a co-receptor of the T cell receptor (TCR) and assists the latter in communicating with antigen-presenting cells. The ... Leucocyte typing: human leucocyte differentiation antigens detected by monoclonal antibodies: specification, classification, ... T cells displaying CD4 molecules (and not CD8) on their surface, therefore, are specific for antigens presented by MHC II and ... CD1+Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD4+

It is also called Lewis x and SSEA-1 (stage-specific embryonic antigen 1) and represents a marker for murine pluripotent stem ... CD15 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_x

This change in shape allows the binding of plasma protein Factor B, which allows Factor D to cleave Factor B into Ba and Bb. Bb remains bound to C3(H2O) to form C3(H2O)Bb. This complex is also known as a fluid-phase C3-convertase. This convertase, the alternative pathway C3-convertase, although only produced in small amounts, can cleave multiple C3 proteins into C3a and C3b. The complex is believed to be unstable until it binds properdin, a serum protein. The addition of properdin forms the complex C3bBbP, a stable compound which can bind an additional C3b to form alternative pathway C5-convertase. The C5-convertase of the alternative pathway consists of (C3b)2BbP (sometimes referred to as C3b2Bb). After the creation of C5 convertase (either as (C3b)2BbP or C4b2a3b from the classical pathway), the complement system follows the same path regardless of the means of activation (alternative, classical, or lectin). C5-convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b. C5b binds sequentially to C6, C7, C8 and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_complement_pathway

1996). "CD88 antibodies specifically bind to C5aR on dermal CD117+ and CD14+ cells and react with a desmosomal antigen in human ... CR1 - CR2 - CR3 - CR4 - CD11b/CD11c/CD18 - Anafilatoksin (C3a, C5a). M: LMC ...

https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/C5a_receptor

CD11c−, Gr-1−, NK1.1−, B220−, CD3−, γδTCR−, αβTCR−, α4 and β4-integrin negative.[16] ... pollen proteins or helminth antigens. Recent studies in mice suggest that basophils may also regulate the behavior of T cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basophil_granulocyte

Superior antigen cross-presentation and XCR1 expression define human CD11c+CD141+ cells as homologues of mouse CD8+ dendritic ... Superior antigen cross-presentation and XCR1 expression define human CD11c+CD141+ cells as homologues of mouse CD8+ dendritic ... Tumor antigen processing and presentation depend critically on dendritic cell type and the mode of antigen delivery. Blood. 105 ... CD11c+, HLA-DR+, CD16−, CD141−, lin−; ≥99.5% pure), CD16+ DCs (CD16+, CD11c+, HLA-DR+, CD1c−, CD141−, lin−; ≥99.2% pure), CD141 ...

http://jem.rupress.org/content/207/6/1273?ijkey=ce07d163d160a17dfc25a7adfa5351c09f9ef9a5&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Transplantation-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Modulates Antigen Presentation by Donor Renal CD11c+F4/80+ Macrophages ... Transplantation-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Modulates Antigen Presentation by Donor Renal CD11c+F4/80+ Macrophages ... Transplantation-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Modulates Antigen Presentation by Donor Renal CD11c+F4/80+ Macrophages ... Transplantation-Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Modulates Antigen Presentation by Donor Renal CD11c+F4/80+ Macrophages ...

https://jasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2020/01/24/ASN.2019080778

Purpose : The question of whether the CNS contains professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been debated for many years ... For functional studies, retinal CD11c-eYFP+ cells and microglia (CD45lo YFP-) were isolated from CD11c-eYFP Crb1wt/wt mice (n= ... CD11c-eYFP Crb1wt/wt mice received an i.p injection of LPS (9mg/kg, n=23) or saline (n=18) and retinas were collected 24h later ... CD11c-eYFP+ cells from spleen and meninges were included as controls. Isolated cells were co-cultured with naïve OT-II CD4+ T ...

https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2642510

Intestinal professional antigen presenting cells (pAPCs) recognize and respond to the gut microbiota through multiple pattern- ... gp96 from CD11c+ cells in mice results in alteration of dendritic cell and T cell subsets in the gut as well as loss of antigen ... gp96 in CD11c+ cells is essential for inducing antigen-specific CD4+ Treg cells. (a) A representative flow cytometry analysis ... 4), which is consistent with our in vitro data showed that loss of gp96 on CD11c+ cells did not affect antigen processing and ...

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-02415-7?error=cookies_not_supported&code=afa3ac1f-e854-4c83-8216-c4ea9b68f528

CD11c is a 145-150 kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein also known as integrin αX and CR4. ... Antigen References 1. Petty H. 1996. Immunol. Today 17:209.. 2. Springer T. 1994. Cell 76:301.. 3. Ihanus E, et al. 2007. Blood ... CD11c is a 145-150 kD type I transmembrane glycoprotein also known as integrin αX and CR4. CD11c non-covalently associates with ... Clone 3.9 preferentially binds the activated form of CD11c, is specific for the I domain of CD11c, and is able to partially ...

https://www.biolegend.com/en-gb/products/ultra-leaf-purified-anti-human-cd11c-antibody-8088

Shop online for a wide selection of CD11c Armenian Hamster anti-Mouse, PE-Cyanine7, Clone: N418, eBioscience Armenian Hamster ... CD11c non-covalently associates with beta 2 integrin to form the CD11c/CD18 heterodimer. CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells ... CD11c/CD18 binds to CD54, iC3b and fibrinogen and plays a role in leukocyte adhesive interactions. N418 binds to CD11c on ... Antigen. CD11c. Target Species. Mouse. Isotype. IgG. Monoclonal or Polyclonal. Monoclonal. Format. Liquid. ...

https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/cd11c-armenian-hamster-anti-mouse-pe-cy7-clone-n418-ebioscience/p-7090310

Shop a large selection of products and learn more about CD11c Armenian Hamster anti-Mouse, FITC, Clone: N418, eBioscience 50 µg ... AI449405, Cd11c, Cr4, N418, CD11 antigen-like family member C, ITGAX, integrin aX, integrin alpha-X. ... CD11c non-covalently associates with beta2 integrin to form the CD11c/CD18 heterodimer. CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells, ... CD11c/CD18 binds to CD54, iC3b and fibrinogen and plays a role in leukocyte adhesive interactions. N418 binds to CD11c on ...

https://www.fishersci.com/shop/products/cd11c-armenian-hamster-anti-mouse-fitc-clone-n418-ebioscience-3/509440?tab=document

Intestinal professional antigen presenting cells (pAPCs) recognize and respond to the gut microbiota through multiple pattern- ... Gut homeostasis and regulatory T cell induction depend on molecular chaperone gp96 in CD11c + cells Sci Rep. 2017 May 19;7(1): ... However, the role of gp96 in regulating CD11c+ APCs in the gut immunity and tolerance is unknown. By a genetic strategy, we ... Our findings for the first time demonstrate that gp96 is essential for CD11c+ cells to induce regulatory T cells and maintain ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28526855/

https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD11c

Armenian hamster monoclonal CD11c antibody [N418] conjugated to PerCP/Cy5.5®. Validated in Flow Cyt and tested in Mouse. ... integrin, alpha X (antigen CD11C (p150), alpha polypeptide) antibody. *integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 ... N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90 kDa ...

https://www.abcam.com/cd11c-antibody-n418-percpcy55-ab111469.html

Armenian hamster monoclonal CD11c antibody [N418] conjugated to PE. Validated in Flow Cyt and tested in Mouse. Cited in 1 ... integrin, alpha X (antigen CD11C (p150), alpha polypeptide) antibody. *integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 ... Primary - Armenian hamster Anti-CD11c antibody [N418] (Phycoerythrin) (ab210309) Flow Cyt Protein - Recombinant Human CD11c ... Flow cytometric analysis of C57Bl/6 splenocytes labeling CD11c with APC Anti-Mouse MHC Class II and 0.25 ug ab210309 (right ...

https://www.abcam.com/cd11c-antibody-n418-phycoerythrin-ab210309.html

Memory has 2 primary features, antigen specificity and an amplified response upon subsequent antigen exposure. Cellular ... CD11c, gp49B, and B220 (Fig. 1B and Fig. S2) and cytokine receptors CD122 (IL2/15 Rβ chain), IL-15Rα, IL-12Rβ1, and CD127 (Fig ... Proapoptotic Bim regulates antigen-specific NK cell contraction and the generation of the memory NK cell pool after ... These findings do not rule out the potential for antigen-driven NK cell memory, but strongly suggest it is not required for ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/106/6/1915

CD11c Antibody APC-eFluor™ 780 conjugate (BU15) from Invitrogen™. Species Reactivity: Canine, Cynomolgus Monkey, Human, Non- ... AI449405, Cd11c, Cr4, N418, CD11 antigen-like family member C, ITGAX, integrin aX, integrin alpha-X. ... CD11c is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, some granulocytes and less so in a subset of lymphocytes. ... In particular, CD11 is composed of CD11a, CD11b and CD11c. CD11a is a leukocyte marker that is expressed in B and T lymphocytes ...

https://www.fishersci.ca/shop/products/cd11c-mouse-apc-efluor-780-clone-bu15-ebioscience-2/501129279

CD11c expression in CD8+ T cells reflects anti-tumor CTL activity and would be a marker for immunotherapeutic efficacy in mouse ... Simultaneous administration of Poly(I:C) and antigen (Ag) OVA significantly increased a minor population of CD8+ T cells, that ... express CD11c in lymphoid and tumor sites. The numbers of the CD11c+ CD8+ T cells correlated with those of induced Ag-specific ... mount tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and the double-stranded RNA adjuvant Poly(I:C) stimulates Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) ...

https://jeccr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13046-016-0416-x

Previous reports have suggested that CD11c(Hi) dendri … ... CD11c Antigen / metabolism * Cell Line * Coculture Techniques * ... Surprisingly, the CD11c(Lo/neg) cells expressed more ALDH1A mRNA per cell than did the CD11c(Hi) cells. Further evaluation of ... To address this question, we examined both CD11c(Hi) test cells and CD11c(Lo/neg) control cells from nasal tissue. ... Moreover, CD11c(Lo/neg) cells from nasal tissue (and a homogeneous respiratory tract epithelial cell line) enhanced IgA ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24466150/?dopt=Abstract

Armenian Hamster Monoclonal Anti-CD11c Antibody (AP-MAB0806) [Alexa Fluor® 647]. Dendritic Cell Marker. Validated: Flow, IHC, ... integrin, alpha X (antigen CD11C (p150), alpha polypeptide). *integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) ... Blogs on CD11c. Check out the latest blog posts on CD11c.. CD11b: Marker for a New Type of B Cell that Participates in Cell- ... CD11c Antibody (AP-MAB0806) [Alexa Fluor® 647] Summary. Immunogen. This CD11c antibody was produced from a hybridoma (mouse ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/cd11c-antibody-ap-mab0806_nb110-97871af647

The N418 antibody reacts with CD11c, a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein that associates with CD18 forming a heterodimeric cell ... Internal Search Keywords: Anti-Mouse CD11c (N418) Antibody,Mouse CD11c Antibody,Anti-CD11c Antibody,CD11c,Clone N418,N418,100- ... Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II and labeled with Anti-Mouse CD11c Antibody, Clone N418, PE and an anti-mouse CD317 ... Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II and labeled with Anti-Mouse CD11c Antibody, Clone N418, Alexa Fluor® 488 and an anti- ...

https://www.stemcell.com/products/product-types/antibodies/anti-mouse-cd11c-antibody-clone-n418.html

Mouse Monoclonal Anti-CD11c Antibody (ITGAX/1284) [DyLight 350]. Dendritic Cell Marker. Validated: Flow, ICC/IF, IHC-P. Tested ... integrin, alpha X (antigen CD11C (p150), alpha polypeptide). *integrin, alpha X (complement component 3 receptor 4 subunit) ... Blogs on CD11c. Check out the latest blog posts on CD11c.. CD11b: Marker for a New Type of B Cell that Participates in Cell- ... Reviews for CD11c Antibody (NBP2-54393UV) (0) There are no reviews for CD11c Antibody (NBP2-54393UV). By submitting a review ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/cd11c-antibody-itgax-1284_nbp2-54393uv

... any desired antigen uptake receptor can be targeted.The Antigen Delivery Module Set comprises all the reagents that are ... required for the isolation of DCs, antigen delivery, and subsequent analysis of antigen presentation. - Österreich ... The Ova Antigen Delivery Reagent has been developed for efficient in vitro targeting of ovalbumin to antigen-presenting cells ( ... CD11c MicroBeads UltraPure, mouse. In mice CD11c is a well-established, yet not exclusive, pan-DC marker. CD11c MicroBeads ...

https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/AT-en/products/ova-antigen-delivery-module-set.html

The updated Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II isolates CD11c+ cells from single-cell suspensions of splenocytes/tissues by ... While DCs are the major antigen presenting cells for cross-presenting tumor antigens to T cells, subsequent PD-L1 upregulation ... EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II. Immunomagnetic positive selection of mouse CD11c+ cells (e.g. dendritic cells ( ... The EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II isolates highly purified CD11c+ cells from splenocytes or other tissues by ...

https://www.stemcell.com/products/easysep-mouse-cd11c-positive-selection-kit-ii.html

lymphoid (CD11c; CD123); maturation and ability to process antigens (CD83; CD205); markers that have been shown to induce ... lymphoid (CD11c; CD123); maturation and ability to process antigens (CD83; CD205); markers that have been shown to induce ... lymphoid (CD11c; CD123); maturation and ability to process antigens (CD83; CD205); markers that have been shown to induce ... lymphoid (CD11c; CD123); maturation and ability to process antigens (CD83; CD205); markers that have been shown to induce ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01678937

Antigen-Presenting Cells / drug effects, immunology. Antigens, CD / metabolism. Antigens, CD11c / metabolism. Cell ... 0/Antigens, CD; 0/Antigens, CD11c; 0/Integrin alpha Chains; 0/alpha E integrins; 11096-26-7/Erythropoietin; 207137-56-2/ ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Indigenous-enteric-eosinophils-control-DCs/25071163.html

0 (CD11c Antigen); 0 (Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell); EC 2.7.11.24 (p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases). ... 0 (Antigens, Ly); 0 (CD11c Antigen); 0 (CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1); 0 (Chemokines); 0 (Cx3cr1 protein, mouse); 0 (Cytokines); 0 ... 0 (B7-2 Antigen); 0 (CD11c Antigen); 0 (Cd86 protein, mouse); 0 (Cytokines); 0 (Proanthocyanidins); 37341-29-0 (Immunoglobulin ... Ant geno CD11c/gen tica. Ant geno CD11c/metabolismo. C lulas Cultivadas. Imuno-Histoqu mica. Integrina beta3/metabolismo. ...

http://bases.bireme.br/cgi-bin/wxislind.exe/iah/online/?IsisScript=iah/iah.xis&nextAction=lnk&base=MEDLINE&lang=p&format=detailed.pft&indexSearch=EX&exprSearch=D12.776.395.550.200.074.875

Interestingly, PDL2 is expressed only on CD8α−CD11c+ DCs. Mouse CD8α+ and CD8α− DC populations possess different antigen- ... in which antigen-specific T cell tolerance is induced against oral antigens (3). Although oral tolerance has been tested for ... We found that multiple doses of oral antigen could induce antigen-specific T cell tolerance in WT but not in PDL2−/− mice. In ... antigen-presenting cell;. KO,. knockout;. OVA,. ovalbumin;. CFA,. complete Freunds adjuvant;. MLN,. mesenteric lymph node.. ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/103/31/11695?ijkey=057aa255ea35463764d5b2e2cf0f56a0cee791f6&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

... anti-CD11c; BD PharMingen, San Jose, CA), B cells (rat anti-mouse IgM; Southern Biotechnologies, Birmingham, AL), and reticular ... Antigen detection in vivo after immunization with different presentation forms of rabies virus antigen. II. Cellular, but not ... Antigen detection in vivo after immunization with different presentation forms of rabies virus antigen: involvement of marginal ... Marginal zone B cells respond both to polysaccharide antigens and protein antigens. Res. Immunol. 142:346. ...

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/171/3/1148?ijkey=6415a383cf84d5528e73d4c842effa2ade10898b&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

ABCG1, ATP-binding cassette G1; CD68, CD68 antigen; CD11c, integrin alpha x; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α; MIP-1α, chemokine ( ...

http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/355/2/159

B) Ectopic B78chOVA tumors in Irf4f/f x CD11c-CRE+ host compared to Cre-negative littermates. Relative cell proportions as a % ... B) Intravital 2-photon representative still image of an early carcinoma lesion from a PyMTchOVA x Cx3cr1-eGFP x Cd11c-mCherry ... C) Representative confocal still image from live tumor slices in PyMTchOVA x Cx3cr1-eGFP x Cd11cmCherry tumors, stained with ... A) Representative cytometry of tumor APCs in PyMTchOVA x Cx3cr1-eGFP x Cd11c-mCherry. Populations as previously defined, are ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25446897

E) Flow cytometry analysis (MFI) of MHC class II on plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs; CD11c+CD11b−B220+) and myeloid DCs (mDCs; CD11c+ ... Identification of a clinical subset of systemic lupus erythematosus by antibodies to the SM antigen. Arthritis Rheum. 22: 1334- ... Taken together, our findings shed light on the development of memory to AC-derived self-antigens. We show that the response of ... We suggest using this lupus model to test how to steer the response to self-antigens away from the pathogenic memory. Also, ...

https://www.jimmunol.org/content/197/7/2618.long

On myeloid dendritic cells, CD11c is highly expressed on type 1 myeloid dendritic cells (CD1c (BDCA-1)+ CD123low MDC1s) and low ... on type 2 myeloid dendritic cells (CD1c (BDCA-1)- CD123- MDC2s). CD11c, also known as integrin integrin αX or CR4, has been ... Clone REA618 recognizes the human CD11c antigen, a 145-150 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein, which is also known as ... Clone REA618 recognizes the human CD11c antigen, a 145-150 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein, which is also known as ...

https://www.miltenyibiotec.com/IT-en/products/cd11c-antibody-anti-human-reafinity-rea618.html

F. Flow cytometry analysis of CD11c-YFP × PyMT ChOVA mouse displaying CD11c YFP+ mCherry+ DCs.. G. Representative YFP, mCherry ... CD11c YFP mice.. E. Mean fluorescent intensity of CD11c YFP+ cells located proximal or distal to the tumor border, and tumor ... CD11c levels of gated CD45+ mCherry+ cells (right) from previous dot plot.. B. As A, but from bone marrow chimera made by ... F. Histogram displaying the percentage of mCherry CD11c+ or CD45+ Gr-1+ cells that form couples with OT-I GFP T cells.. G. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22439936?dopt=Abstract

Description: The N418 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD11c, the integrin alpha X. CD11c non-covalently associates with beta 2 integrin to form the CD11c/CD18 heterodimer. (fishersci.com)
Description: The N418 monoclonal antibody reacts with mouse CD11c, the integrin alphaX. (fishersci.com)
There are currently no images for CD11c Antibody (NB110-97871AF647). (novusbio.com)
This CD11c antibody was produced from a hybridoma (mouse myeloma fused with spleen cells)from an Armenian Hamster immunized with mouse lymphocytes. (novusbio.com)
The N418 antibody reacts with CD11c (αX integrin), a 150 kDa type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein that associates non-covalently with CD18 (β2 integrin) to form a heterodimeric cell surface adhesion receptor. (stemcell.com)
This antibody clone has been verified for purity assessments of cells isolated with EasySep™ kits, including EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II (Catalog #18780). (stemcell.com)
A) Flow cytometry analysis of C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes processed with EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II and labeled with Anti-Mouse CD11c Antibody, Clone N418, Alexa Fluor® 488. (stemcell.com)
The following antibody was used in this experiment: CD11c Monoclonal Antibody (N418), eBioscience™ from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 14-0114-82, RRID AB_467115. (thermofisher.com)
In vivo DC-targeting strategies, based on Tn-MGL interactions, constitute a promising strategy for enhancing antigen presentation and inducing potent antibody response. (bloodjournal.org)
N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90kDa heterodimer.Applications Reported: This N418 antibody has been reported for use in flow cytometric analysis.Applications Tested: This N418 antibody has been tested by flow cytometric analysis of mouse splenocytes. (fishersci.no)
The antibody BU15 reacts with CD11c (alphaX, p150), a 150 kDa integrin expressed mainly on dendritic cells and tissue macrophages. (exbio.cz)
Milli-Mark Anti-CD11c-FITC Antibody, clone KB90 is an antibody against CD11c for use in FC. (merckmillipore.com)
Antibody recognizes Human CD11c antigen. (merckmillipore.com)
We show here that the depletion of CD301b + DCs specifically enhanced the development of Tfh cells, germinal center B cells and antibody responses against protein antigens. (elifesciences.org)
Through presenting processed antigens on their MHC molecules, dendritic cells (DCs) are primarily responsible for initiating T cell-mediated cellular immunity, which is also required for T cell-dependent antibody responses. (elifesciences.org)
We hypothesized that asymptomatic children would develop antigen-specific antibody profiles associated with antidisease immunity, as compared with symptomatic children. (jove.com)
Several of these antibody responses were identified by multiple comparisons, including those against members of the serine enriched repeat antigen family and merozoite protein 4. (jove.com)

Results Cold ischemia and reversible ischemia-reperfusion injury dampened antigen presentation by renal macrophages, skewed their polarization toward the M 2 phenotype, and increased surface expression of IL-1R8, diminishing activation mediated by toll-like receptor 4. (asnjournals.org)

Dissecting the tumor myeloid compartment reveals rare activating antigen-presenting cells critical for T cell immunity. (nih.gov)

In the intestine, pAPCs including dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are strategically positioned to protect the gut while maintaining mucosal tolerance to food, self-antigens and microbiota. (nature.com)
Autoimmune diseases are characterized by pathogenic immune responses to self-antigens. (jimmunol.org)
In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), many self-antigens are found in apoptotic cells (ACs), and defects in removal of ACs from the body are linked to a risk for developing SLE. (jimmunol.org)
In this study, we investigated how memory to AC-derived self-antigens develops and the contribution of self-memory to the development of lupus-related pathology. (jimmunol.org)
Thus, we provide evidence for a selective self-memory that underlies progression of the response to self-antigens with implications for SLE development therapy. (jimmunol.org)
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by circulating IgG autoantibodies specific for apoptotic cell (AC)-derived self-antigens ( 1 , 2 ). (jimmunol.org)
Environmental triggers, such as UV light, drugs, and viral infections, are thought to cause cell destruction and expose self-antigens to the immune system, thereby contributing to initiating onset of and exacerbating a flare in an existing SLE condition ( 2 , 6 ). (jimmunol.org)
This suggests that the immune response to self-antigens develops and reaches a threshold before becoming pathogenic. (jimmunol.org)
However, the experimental description of the sequential immunological events behind this are less known, even though it has been shown that the response to self-antigens can be boosted and that long-lived plasma cells (PCs) to self-antigens exist ( 9 , 10 ). (jimmunol.org)
Current monotherapeutic agents fail to restore tolerance to self-antigens in autoimmune individuals without systemic immunosuppression. (frontiersin.org)
It also appears to be crucial in the maintenance of regulatory T cell- (Treg-) mediated immunotolerance toward self-antigens, supported by the fact that IL-2-deficient mice develop severe autoimmunity with very low Treg and very high effector T numbers [7-9]. (thefreelibrary.com)
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) consists of loss of tolerance to self-antigens on red blood cells (RBCs) in the humoral compartment. (haematologica.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) and Foxp3-expressing CD4 + regulatory T (Treg) cells play non-redundant roles in the maintenance of peripheral tolerance to self-antigens, thereby preventing fatal autoimmunity. (soc-bdr.org)

N418 binds to CD11c on splenic dendritic cells in the T-dependent areas of mouse spleen and precipitates a 150, 90 kDa heterodimer. (fishersci.com)

The question of whether the CNS contains professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) has been debated for many years. (arvojournals.org)
However, the role of gp96 in regulating CD11c + APCs in the gut immunity and tolerance is unknown. (nature.com)
targeting of ovalbumin to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), for example, DCs. (miltenyibiotec.com)
Antigen targeting to APCs via specific receptors has been used to induce effective antigen-specific T cell responses. (miltenyibiotec.com)
It is well understood that antigen-presenting cells (APCs) within tumors typically do not maintain cytotoxic T cell (CTL) function, despite engaging them. (nih.gov)
We found that antigen-presenting cells (APCs) from PDL2−/− mice had enhanced ability to activate T cells compared with WT cells. (pnas.org)
It remains largely unclear how antigen-presenting cells (APCs) encounter effector or memory T cells efficiently in the periphery. (nature.com)
More recently, FcRn was demonstrated to play major roles in antigen (Ag) presentation in case of Ag-IgG immune complexes (IC) by professional Ag-presenting cells (APCs) stimulating MHC class II and also MHC class I-related T cell activation ( 5 ). (frontiersin.org)
Antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are essential for stimulating antigen-specific immunity, including immunity against tumor cells. (aacrjournals.org)
The induction of a primary anti-FVIII immune response requires the administered FVIII to be endocytosed by professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and to be presented to FVIII-specific naive CD4 + T lymphocytes. (bloodjournal.org)
By monitoring the migration of traceable LCMV-specific memory CD8 + T cells after immunotherapy, it was revealed that cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) distributed widely throughout the CNS compartment early after immunotherapy, which resulted in a dramatic elevation in the activity of CNS antigen-presenting cells (APCs). (rupress.org)
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) that play key roles in the regulation of immune responses to a variety of antigens ( 26 , 34 ). (asm.org)

In particular, CD11 is composed of CD11a, CD11b and CD11c. (fishersci.com)
The protein belongs to a family of related heterodimeric proteins designated CD11 in the classification system for human leucocyte differentiation antigens. (merckmillipore.com)

More importantly, we demonstrate that CD141 + DCs excel in cross-presentation of soluble or cell-associated antigen to CD8 + T cells when directly compared with CD1c + DCs, CD16 + DCs, and pDCs from the same donors. (rupress.org)
The adaptive immune response is initiated through presentation of antigen to T cells by DCs. (rupress.org)
CD8 + T cells can thus be activated by antigens taken up from the extracellular space and then differentiate into cytotoxic T cells. (rupress.org)
Collectively, these observations indicate that the XCL1-XCR1 communication axis optimizes the cooperation of antigen-specific CD8 + T cells with XCR1 + DCs, which cross-present antigen to them. (rupress.org)
Although macrophages from a donor kidney could also guide adaptive immune responses against renal tissue by virtue of their ability to act as antigen-presenting cells, data are lacking on whether donor-derived renal macrophages can function in this manner after being subjected to transplant-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury. (asnjournals.org)
No data are currently available regarding the effects of transplant-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury on the ability of donor-derived resident renal macrophages to act as professional antigen-presenting cells. (asnjournals.org)
Conclusions IL-1R8 is a key regulator of donor renal macrophage functions after ischemia-reperfusion injury, crucial to guiding the phenotype and antigen-presenting role of these cells. (asnjournals.org)
We hypothesised that retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells are a subset of microglia and thus would have a limited capacity to present antigen to naïve T cells. (arvojournals.org)
We first tested the ability of retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells to upregulate APC markers following systemic inflammation. (arvojournals.org)
For functional studies, retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells and microglia (CD45 lo YFP - ) were isolated from CD11c-eYFP Crb1 wt/wt mice (n=20) 24h post-LPS injection by FACS. (arvojournals.org)
CD11c-eYFP + cells from spleen and meninges were included as controls. (arvojournals.org)
Retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells retracted their processes and displayed a stout morphology 24h post-LPS injection. (arvojournals.org)
Despite this, retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells did not upregulate I-A/I-E, or the co-stimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86, and were phenotypically identical to CD45 lo CD11b + F4/80 lo I-A.I-E - microglia. (arvojournals.org)
Retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells do not upregulate APC markers following systemic inflammation and are incapable of presenting antigen to naïve CD4 + T cells in vitro . (arvojournals.org)
Moreover, retinal CD11c-eYFP + cells are phenotypically and functionally identical to microglia. (arvojournals.org)
Intestinal professional antigen presenting cells (pAPCs) recognize and respond to the gut microbiota through multiple pattern-recognition receptors, including TLRs and NLRs. (nature.com)
By a genetic strategy, we report here that selective deletion of gp96 from CD11c + cells in mice results in alteration of dendritic cell and T cell subsets in the gut as well as loss of antigen-specific regulatory T cell induction in the mesenteric lymph nodes. (nature.com)
Our findings for the first time demonstrate that gp96 is essential for CD11c + cells to induce regulatory T cells and maintain gut homeostasis, illustrating the importance of protein immune chaperone in safeguarding against immune pathology. (nature.com)
CD11c non-covalently associates with integrin β2 (CD18) and is expressed on monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, NK cells, and subsets of T and B cells. (biolegend.com)
CD11c is expressed by dendritic cells, a subset of Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes (IEL) and some activated T cells. (fishersci.com)
CD11c is expressed in monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells, some granulocytes and less so in a subset of lymphocytes. (fishersci.com)
Dendritic cells (DCs) mount tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), and the double-stranded RNA adjuvant Poly(I:C) stimulates Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) signal in DC, which in turn induces type I interferon (IFN) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), then cross-primes cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). (biomedcentral.com)
Simultaneous administration of Poly(I:C) and antigen (Ag) OVA significantly increased a minor population of CD8 + T cells, that express CD11c in lymphoid and tumor sites. (biomedcentral.com)
The numbers of the CD11c + CD8 + T cells correlated with those of induced Ag-specific CD8 + T cells and tumor regression. (biomedcentral.com)
Not only a TLR3-specific (TICAM-1-dependent) signal but also TLR2 (MyD88) signal in DC triggered the expansion of CD11c + CD8 + T cells in tumor-bearing mice. (biomedcentral.com)
Notably, human CD11c + CD8 + T cells also proliferated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with cytomegalovirus (CMV) Ag. (biomedcentral.com)
CD11c expression in CD8 + T cells reflects anti-tumor CTL activity and would be a marker for immunotherapeutic efficacy in mouse models and probably cancer patients as well. (biomedcentral.com)
Previous reports have suggested that CD11c(Hi) dendritic cells (DCs) of the gastrointestinal tract produce retinaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH1A), which metabolizes vitamin A precursors to retinoic acid to support normal mucosal immunity. (nih.gov)
To address this question, we examined both CD11c(Hi) test cells and CD11c(Lo/neg) control cells from nasal tissue. (nih.gov)
Surprisingly, the CD11c(Lo/neg) cells expressed more ALDH1A mRNA per cell than did the CD11c(Hi) cells. (nih.gov)
Further evaluation of CD11c(Lo/neg) populations by PCR and staining of respiratory tract sections revealed that epithelial cells were robust producers of both ALDH1A mRNA and protein. (nih.gov)
Moreover, CD11c(Lo/neg) cells from nasal tissue (and a homogeneous respiratory tract epithelial cell line) enhanced IgA production by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte cultures in the presence of the retinoic acid precursor retinol. (nih.gov)
By contrast, adaptive immune cells display immunologic memory that has 2 basic characteristics, antigen specificity and an amplified response upon subsequent exposure. (pnas.org)
Whereas adaptive immune cells have rearranged receptor genes to recognize the universe of antigens, natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune lymphocytes with a limited repertoire of germ-line encoded receptors for target recognition. (pnas.org)
Thus, these experiments identify an ability of innate immune cells to retain an intrinsic memory of prior activation, a function until now attributed only to antigen-specific adaptive immune cells. (pnas.org)
Tolerogenic versus Immunogenic Lipidomic Profiles of CD11c Immune Cells and Control of Immunogenic Dendritic Cell Ceramide Dynamics. (bireme.br)
Physical disruption, but not LPS, caused an increase of phosphatidylcholine ether and cholesteryl esters in CD11c immune cells. (bireme.br)
This shows that two different pathways of activation, immunogenic and tolerogenic, induce different changes in the lipid composition of cultured CD11c cells, and highlights the important role of SWAP-70 in Cer dynamics in dendritic cells. (bireme.br)
The EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit II isolates highly purified CD11c+ cells from splenocytes or other tissues by immunomagnetic positive selection. (stemcell.com)
This product replaces the EasySep™ Mouse CD11c Positive Selection Kit (Catalog #18758) for even faster cell isolations and does not result in the labeling of isolated cells with PE. (stemcell.com)
Marginating dendritic cells of th

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The haemopoietic growth factor, Flt3L, alters the immune response induced by transcutaneous immunization. (1/629)

The interplay of dendritic cell subsets in systemic lupus erythematosus. (2/629)

Mouse CD11c(+) B220(+) Gr1(+) plasmacytoid dendritic cells develop independently of the T-cell lineage. (3/629)

Myeloid blood CD11c(+) dendritic cells and monocyte-derived dendritic cells differ in their ability to stimulate T lymphocytes. (4/629)

Blood dendritic cells interact with splenic marginal zone B cells to initiate T-independent immune responses. (5/629)

Transient induction of cyclin T1 during human macrophage differentiation regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat transactivation function. (6/629)

MUC1 epithelial mucin (CD227) is expressed by activated dendritic cells. (7/629)

Sezary syndrome patients demonstrate a defect in dendritic cell populations: effects of CD40 ligand and treatment with GM-CSF on dendritic cell numbers and the production of cytokines. (8/629)

Antigens

Antigens, CD

Antigens, CD8

Antigens, Neoplasm

Antigens, CD3

Antigens, Surface

Antigens, Bacterial

Antigens, CD38

Antigens, CD34

Antigens, CD19

Antigens, CD40

CD40 Ligand

Antigens, CD20

Antigens, Viral

Antigens, CD28

Antigens, CD44

Antigens, CD7

Antigens, CD14

Antigens, CD2

CD4-CD8 Ratio

Antigens, CD5

Antigens, Differentiation

CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD1

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Antigens, CD56

Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte

ADP-ribosyl Cyclase

Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic

Antigens, CD80

Antigens, CD53

Antigens, CD24

Antigens, CD13

Antigens, Protozoan

T-Lymphocytes

Antigens, CD86

Flow Cytometry

B-Lymphocytes

Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming

Antigens, CD95

HLA Antigens

Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte

Antigens, CD45

Immunophenotyping

NAD+ Nucleosidase

Antigens, Fungal

Molecular Sequence Data

H-2 Antigens

Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3

Antigens, Helminth

Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell

Antigens, CD18

Lymphocyte Activation

Antigens, CD30

Membrane Glycoproteins

CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes

Epitopes

Antigens, CD9

Carcinoembryonic Antigen

HLA-DR Antigens

Antigens, CD15

Antigens, Viral, Tumor

Cell Line

Antigens, CD43

Antigens, CD36

Amino Acid Sequence

Antigens, CD11

Histocompatibility Antigens Class II

Histocompatibility Antigens

Antigens, CD59

Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell

Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

Antigens, CD57

Antigens, CD70

Antigens, CD46

Lectins, C-Type

Antigens, CD58

Antigens, CD4

Antigens, CD47

Antigens, CD11b