Loss of detectable antigen from the surface of a cell after incubation with antibodies. This is one method in which some tumors escape detection by the immune system. Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.
The processes triggered by interactions of ANTIBODIES with their ANTIGENS.
A disorder of neuromuscular transmission characterized by weakness of cranial and skeletal muscles. Autoantibodies directed against acetylcholine receptors damage the motor endplate portion of the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, impairing the transmission of impulses to skeletal muscles. Clinical manifestations may include diplopia, ptosis, and weakness of facial, bulbar, respiratory, and proximal limb muscles. The disease may remain limited to the ocular muscles. THYMOMA is commonly associated with this condition. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1459)
Antigens on surfaces of cells, including infectious or foreign cells or viruses. They are usually protein-containing groups on cell membranes or walls and may be isolated.
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
The complex formed by the binding of antigen and antibody molecules. The deposition of large antigen-antibody complexes leading to tissue damage causes IMMUNE COMPLEX DISEASES.
Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumor cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin.

Establishment of a human thymic myoid cell line. Phenotypic and functional characteristics. (1/22)

The subset of myoid cells is a normal component of the thymic stroma. To characterize these cells, we immortalized stromal cells from human thymus by using a plasmid vector encoding the SV40 T oncogene. Among the eight cell lines obtained, one had myoid characteristics including desmin and troponin antigens. This new line was designated MITC (myoid immortalized thymic cells). These cells expressed both the fetal and adult forms of muscle acetylcholine receptor (AChR) at the mRNA level, as well as the myogenic transcription factor MyoD1. alpha-Subunit AChR protein expression was detected by flow cytometry and the AChR was functional in patch-clamp studies. In addition, AChR expression was down-modulated by myasthenia gravis sera or by monoclonal antibody anti-AChR on MITC line similarly to TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cells, making the MITC line an interesting tool for AChR antigenic modulation experiments. Finally, the MITC line expressed LFA-3, produced several cytokines able to act on T cells, and protected total thymocytes from spontaneous apoptosis in vitro. These results are compatible with a role of thymic myoid cells in some steps of thymocyte development. Therefore MITC line appears to be a useful tool to investigate the physiological role of thymic myoid cells.  (+info)

Nematode infection enhances survival of activated T cells by modulating accessory cell function. (2/22)

The type of immune response generated following exposure to Ag depends on a variety of factors, including the nature of the Ag, the type of adjuvant used, the site of antigenic entry, and the immune status of the host. We have previously shown that infection of rodents with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis (Nb) shifts the development of type 1 allo-specific responses toward type 2 immunity, suggesting nematode modulation of T cell activation. In this report we explore the immunomodulatory effects of Nb on T cell activation. We found that spleen cells from Nb-infected mice exhibited dramatically increased proliferation in response to Con A and anti-CD3. This hyperproliferation could be transferred in vitro to naive splenocytes by coculture with mitomycin C-treated cells from Nb-infected animals. The transfer was mediated by non-T accessory cells and supernatants derived from Con A-activated non-T cells, suggesting the involvement of a soluble factor secreted by accessory cells. The accessory cells secreted high levels of IL-6, and anti-IL-6 treatment abrogated the supernatant-induced hyperproliferation, thus confirming that IL-6 was mediating the effect. Further, spleen cells from Nb-infected mice were more resistant to activation-induced cell death (AICD) following mitogenic stimulation. Reduced AICD was also transferable and IL-6 dependent. Thus, the hyperproliferation was in part due to enhanced activated T cell survival. These phenomena mediated by accessory cells may contribute to the powerful polyclonal activation of type 2 immunity caused by nematode infection.  (+info)

Modulation of multiple experimental arthritis models by collagen-induced arthritis quantitative trait loci isolated in congenic rat lines: different effects of non-major histocompatibility complex quantitative trait loci in males and females. (3/22)

OBJECTIVE: Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is a model of inflammatory arthritis with many similarities to rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We previously mapped in F(2) offspring of CIA-susceptible DA and CIA-resistant F344 rats, 5 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for which F344 alleles were associated with reduced CIA severity. In the present study, we sought to characterize the independent arthritis-modulating effects of these 5 QTLs. METHODS: CIA-regulatory regions were transferred from the F344 genome to the DA background or vice versa by repeated backcrossing. The arthritis-modulating effects of the transferred alleles were determined by comparing the severity of experimentally induced arthritis in congenic rats with that in DA rats. RESULTS: Congenic lines with either the F344 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on the DA background or the DA MHC on the F344 background were resistant to CIA, confirming both MHC and non-MHC contributions to the genetic regulation of CIA. F344 alleles at the Cia3 and Cia5 regions of chromosomes 4 and 10 reduced CIA severity relative to that observed in DA rats. F344 Cia4 and Cia6 regions of chromosomes 7 and 8 failed to significantly alter CIA severity. Arthritis-modifying effects of Cia4 and Cia6 were, however, detected in pristane-induced and/or Freund's incomplete adjuvant oil-induced arthritis. The arthritis-modifying effects of the non-MHC CIA-regulatory loci differed in males and females. CONCLUSION: These congenic lines confirmed the existence and location of genes that regulate the severity of experimental arthritis in rats. Mechanisms responsible for the sex-specificity of individual arthritis-regulatory loci may explain some of the sex differences observed in RA and other autoimmune diseases in humans.  (+info)

Cell membrane modification for rapid display of proteins as a novel means of immunomodulation: FasL-decorated cells prevent islet graft rejection. (4/22)

Long-term display of exogenous proteins on the cell surface may have important research and therapeutic implications. We report a novel method for the cell-surface display of proteins that involves generation of a chimeric protein with core streptavidin, biotinylation of cells, and "decoration" with the protein. A chimeric protein with the extracellular portions of FasL (SA-FasL) was efficiently displayed on the cell surface within 2 hr without detectable cellular toxicity. Biotin and SA-FasL persisted on the cell surface for weeks in vitro and in vivo. Immunomodulation with SA-FasL-decorated splenocytes effectively blocked alloreactive responses in naive and presensitized rodents and prevented the rejection of allogeneic pancreatic islets. This approach may serve as an alternative to gene transfer-based expression with broad research and therapeutic applications.  (+info)

T-cell subset analysis of Lewis lung carcinoma tumor rejection: heterogeneity of effectors and evidence for negative regulatory lymphocytes correlating with metastasis. (5/22)

We have analyzed the phenotypes of the T-cell subsets generated in response to Lewis lung carcinoma clones in C57BL/6J recipients. The metastatic derivative, which expresses low levels of H-2Kb gene, predominantly elicited CD8, V beta 8, and V beta 9+ T-cells. The nonmetastatic clone expressing high levels of H-Kb gene triggered a more heterogeneous response of V beta-5, -6, -8, -9, and -11 CD8+ T-cells. Comparison of the T-cell receptor (TCR) expression of the T-cells infiltrating the tumor site with the lymphocytes in the periphery of tumor-bearing animals revealed a pattern of homing of CD4+ T-cells bearing V beta-5, -6, and -11 TCR chains and CD8+ T-cells bearing V beta-5, -6, -9, and -11. Depletion of V beta 5 or V beta 6+ T-cells correlated with accelerated tumor growth, implying their protective role as tumor-specific effectors and consistent with the cytotoxicity of T-cells with this TCR phenotype. V beta 11 TCR expression in the tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes increased with the tumor size. Depletion of V beta 11+ T-cells enhanced resistance to primary tumor growth and conferred protection from metastasis in recipients cleared of V beta 5 and V beta 6 T-cell subsets. Those results suggest that tumor-specific effectors as well as negative regulator T-cells home, infiltrate, and coexist in the tumor site.  (+info)

Expression of major histocompatibility complex class II and costimulatory molecules in oral carcinomas in vitro. (6/22)

Recognition in the 1980 s that keratinocytes can express class II molecules of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) first raised the possibility that these cells might have an immunological function, and may even act as antigen presenting cells (APC). For effective T lymphocyte activation, APC require, in addition to MHC II, appropriate costimulatory signals. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of MHC class II and the co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86 in keratinocytes derived from healthy oral mucosa and oral carcinomas. Using flow cytometry, it was confirmed that oral keratinocytes, switch on, expression of MHC class II molecules after stimulation with IFNgamma in vitro. All keratinocyte lines expressed CD40 constitutively; by contrast, CD80 and CD86 were universally absent. Loss of CD80 and CD86 may be one means whereby tumours escape immunological surveillance.  (+info)

Mutational escape from CD8+ T cell immunity: HCV evolution, from chimpanzees to man. (7/22)

The mechanisms by which the hepatitis C virus (HCV) establishes persistence are not yet fully understood. Previous chimpanzee and now human studies suggest that mutations within MHC class I-restricted HCV epitopes might contribute to viral escape from cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. However, there are several outstanding questions regarding the role of escape mutations in viral persistence and their fate in the absence of immune selection pressure.  (+info)

Identification of an altered peptide ligand based on the endogenously presented, rheumatoid arthritis-associated, human cartilage glycoprotein-39(263-275) epitope: an MHC anchor variant peptide for immune modulation. (8/22)

We sought to identify an altered peptide ligand (APL) based on the endogenously expressed synovial auto-epitope of human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC gp-39) for modulation of cognate, HLA-DR4-restricted T cells. For this purpose we employed a panel of well-characterized T cell hybridomas generated from HC gp-39-immunized HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. The hybridomas all respond to the HC gp-39(263-275) epitope when bound to HLA-DR4(B1*0401) but differ in their fine specificities. First, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and T-cell receptor (TCR) contact residues were identified by analysis of single site substituted analogue peptides for HLA-DR4 binding and cognate T cell recognition using both T hybridomas and polyclonal T cells from peptide-immunized HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. Analysis of single site substituted APL by cognate T cells led to identification of Phe265 as the dominant MHC anchor. The amino acids Ala268, Ser269, Glu271 and Thr272 constituted the major TCR contact residues, as substitution at these positions did not affect HLA-DR4(B1*0401) binding but abrogated T cell responses. A structural model for visualisation of TCR recognition was derived. Second, a set of non-classical APLs, modified at the MHC key anchor position but with unaltered TCR contacts, was developed. When these APLs were analysed, a partial TCR agonist was identified and found to modulate the HC gp-39(263-275)-specific, pro-inflammatory response in HLA-DR4 transgenic mice. We identified a non-classical APL by modification of the p1 MHC anchor in a synovial auto-epitope. This APL may qualify for rheumatoid arthritis immunotherapy.  (+info)

The symptoms of myasthenia gravis can vary in severity and may include:

* Weakness in the arms and legs
* Fatigue and muscle tiredness
* Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)
* Difficulty speaking or slurred speech (dysarthria)
* Drooping eyelids (ptosis)
* Double vision (diplopia)
* Weakness in the muscles of the face, arms, and legs

The exact cause of myasthenia gravis is not known, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disorder, meaning that the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues. It can also be caused by other medical conditions such as thyroid disease, vitamin deficiencies, or infections.

There is no cure for myasthenia gravis, but there are various treatments available to manage the symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:

* Medications such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and cholinesterase inhibitors
* Plasmapheresis, a procedure that removes harmful antibodies from the blood
* Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), which contains antibodies that can help block the immune system's attack on the nerve-muscle junction
* Surgery to remove the thymus gland, which is believed to play a role in the development of myasthenia gravis

It is important for individuals with myasthenia gravis to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage their symptoms and prevent complications. With proper treatment and self-care, many people with myasthenia gravis are able to lead active and fulfilling lives.

Antigenic modulation and turnover in human neutrophils. J Clin Invest. 1979; 64:321-325. 45. Hartwig JH, Stossel TP. ... Modulation of gelsolin function by phosphatidylinositol-4, 5- bisphosphate. Nature. 1987; 325:362-364. 98. Ito T, Zaner KS, ...
This effect leads to tumors cell escape by antigenic modulation. Reducing the dose of therapeutic antibodies to limit the ... Major findings along these lines are: cytotoxic T lymphocytes having captured antigenic peptide-MHC complexes can be killed by ... through trogocytosis contribute to affinity maturation of T cell response by selecting high-affinity T cell down-modulation of ... are involved in a negative regulatory feed-back loop leading to their inactivation dendritic cells stripped of antigenic ...
Payne LG (1986-03-01). "The existence of an envelope on extracellular cowpox virus and its antigenic relationship to the ... Alzhanova D, Früh K (November 2010). "Modulation of the host immune response by cowpox virus". Microbes and Infection. 12 (12- ...
Modulation of inflammation and immunity by cyclic AMP. Science 184: 19 28, 1974. Shearer GM. Cell mediated cytotoxicity to ... Antigenic peptides recognized by T helper lymphocytes from asymptomatic, HIV seropositive individuals. Nature 339: 383 385, ... Type 1/Type 2 cytokine modulation of T cell programmed cell death as a model for HIV pathogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91: ...
... an example of modulation of antigenic properties of peptide by its glycosylation". Blood. 84 (7): 2340-2345. doi:10.1182/blood. ... Lisowska, Elwira (2002-10-11). "The role of glycosylation in protein antigenic properties". Cellular and Molecular Life ... Lisowska, Elwira (2001), Wu, Albert M. (ed.), "Antigenic Properties of Human Glycophorins - An Update", The Molecular ... These studies were important in characterization of antigenic properties of human glycophorins. She became head of Laboratory ...
Lee's clinical trial is the first to test the modulation of immune-checkpoint activity by increasing the antigenic ...
... antigenic modulation MeSH G04.610.143.232 - binding sites, antibody MeSH G04.610.143.281 - cross reactions MeSH G04.610.143.545 ... antigenic variation MeSH G04.610.626.320 - gene rearrangement, b-lymphocyte MeSH G04.610.626.320.501 - gene rearrangement, b- ...
It appears to be antigenic but its function is unknown. Replication of HCV involves several steps. The virus replicates mainly ... NS5A is a hydrophilic phosphoprotein which plays an important role in viral replication, modulation of cell signaling pathways ...
Morrison LJ, Marcello L, McCulloch R; Marcello; McCulloch (December 2009). "Antigenic variation in the African trypanosome: ... timing of event markers and cytoskeletal modulations". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 323 (1218): 573-88. ...
"Modulation of TCRβ surface expression during TCR revision". Cellular Immunology. 272 (2): 124-129. doi:10.1016/j.cellimm. ... is a process in the peripheral immune system which is used by mature T cells to alter their original antigenic specificity ... which are able to recognize almost any antigenic structure/sequence. The paradigm of adaptive immunity is that a single T cell ...
Vaccines rely on immune modulation or augmentation. Vaccination either excites or reinforces the immune competence of a host to ... Also, there is the additional concern of uncertain immune responses to these large antigenic cocktails.[citation needed] There ...
More specifically, this receptor may contribute to the proper positioning of activated T cells within the antigenic challenge ... "HIV-1 infection and chemokine receptor modulation". Curr. HIV Res. 2 (1): 39-50. doi:10.2174/1570162043484997. PMID 15053339. ...
Do Carmo, S; Forest, JC; Giguère, Y; Masse, A; Lafond, J; Rassart, E (2 September 2009). "Modulation of Apolipoprotein D levels ... "Protein polymorphism of a human plasma apolipoprotein D antigenic epitope". Journal of Lipid Research. 30 (6): 865-75. doi: ... Do Carmo, S; Séguin, D; Milne, R; Rassart, E (15 February 2002). "Modulation of apolipoprotein D and apolipoprotein E mRNA ... Terrisse, L; Séguin, D; Bertrand, P; Poirier, J; Milne, R; Rassart, E (18 June 1999). "Modulation of apolipoprotein D and ...
The antigenic determinant for the blood group Ss is located at residue 29 where S has a methionine and s a threonine. This is ... multiple gene rearrangements and modulation of splice site usage result in extensive diversification". Hum. Mutat. 6 (3): 199- ... Use of a pseudoexon in construction of two delta-alpha-delta hybrid genes resulting in antigenic diversification". J. Biol. ... Use of a pseudoexon in construction of two delta-alpha-delta hybrid genes resulting in antigenic diversification". J. Biol. ...
Fimbriae are formed of a protein called pilin (antigenic) and are responsible for the attachment of bacteria to specific ... Cells are capable of synthesizing new proteins, which are essential for the modulation and maintenance of cellular activities. ...
Park S, Liu G, Topping TB, Cover WH, Randall LL (February 1988). "Modulation of folding pathways of exported proteins by the ... The permissive sites that were internal to MBP, were used to insert antigenic peptides and challenge the immune response in ...
De Giorgi, C.; De Luca, F.; Di Vito, M.; Lamberti, F. (20 February 1997). "Modulation of expression at the level of splicing of ... "Ultrastructural immuno-localization of CUT-1 and CUT-2 antigenic sites in the cuticles of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans ...
Glycosylation seems to play a structural role in the concealment and variation of antigenic sites necessary for the host to ... a paradigm for the modulation of cell surface receptors". Immunological Reviews. 168: 51-63. doi:10.1111/j.1600-065x.1999. ... Classification of members of this taxon is infrequently based on their antigenic properties. Symptoms[clarification needed] and ...
The details of parasite immune modulation are not yet known, but may include secretion of anti-inflammatory agents or ... Idiotype cross-reaction - Idiotypes are antigenic epitopes found in the antigen-binding portion (Fab) of the immunoglobulin ... against a backdrop of genetic predisposition and environmental modulation. It is beyond the scope of this article to discuss ...
These retain their antigenic specificity and can be used to produce antitoxins and, in the case of diphtheria and tetanus ... At low concentrations of toxin, more subtle effects such as modulation of host cell signal transduction may be observed in the ...
This "capsule" cloaks antigenic proteins on the bacterial surface that would otherwise provoke an immune response and thereby ... June 2020). "Modulation of bacterial multicellularity via spatio-specific polysaccharide secretion". PLOS Biology. 18 (6): ...
Antigenic shift occurs when there is a major change in the genome of the virus. This can be a result of recombination or ... Alwine JC (2008). "Modulation of host cell stress responses by human cytomegalovirus". Current Topics in Microbiology and ... These include a process called antigenic drift where individual bases in the DNA or RNA mutate to other bases. Most of these ... December 2011). "Discordant antigenic drift of neuraminidase and hemagglutinin in H1N1 and H3N2 influenza viruses". Proceedings ...
Since the antigenic protein could only be detected in infected cells, they asserted that the protein was produced by the ... spleen and antibody modulation of cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of ... Howard's team identified two genes for PfEMP1, and recombinant protein products of these genes were shown to have antigenic and ... Scherf A, Lopez-Rubio JJ, Riviere L (2008). "Antigenic variation in Plasmodium falciparum". Annual Review of Microbiology. 62 ( ...
Use of a pseudoexon in construction of two delta-alpha-delta hybrid genes resulting in antigenic diversification". J. Biol. ... multiple gene rearrangements and modulation of splice site usage result in extensive diversification". Hum. Mutat. 6 (3): 199- ... Use of a pseudoexon in construction of two delta-alpha-delta hybrid genes resulting in antigenic diversification". J. Biol. ... are major sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane which bear the antigenic determinants for the MN and Ss blood ...
Moreover, oxidative DNA damage like 8-oxo-dG contributes to carcinogenesis through the modulation of gene expression, or the ... quadruplexes have also been reported in allowing programmed recombination of immunologlobin heavy genes and the pilin antigenic ... or the modulation of gene expression. Upon insertion of 8-oxo-dG into thymidine kinase gene of humans, it was determine that if ... "Characterization of the G-quadruplexes in the duplex nuclease hypersensitive element of the PDGF-A promoter and modulation of ...
"Erythromycin and clarithromycin modulation of growth factor-induced expression of heparanase mRNA on human lung cancer cells in ... "Overexpression of heparanase multiple antigenic peptide 2 is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer: Potential for ...
Duffy A, Le J, Sausville E, Emadi A (March 2015). "Autophagy modulation: a target for cancer treatment development". Cancer ... increased autophagy results in an increase in protein degradation and therefore an increase in the presentation of antigenic ... decreasing the number of antigenic peptides digested and displayed to the immune system. In Lupus patients, the autophagy ...
The antigenic material responsible for the effect of lactobacillus vaccines is most likely surface antigens of the aberrant ... Consequently, immunotherapeutic modulation of the lactobacillus flora has a lesser success rate in this condition than in ... The theory of antigenic cross-reactivity was put to the test by Stojković. Indirect immunofluorescence was performed on ... One of these features is the relative inefficacy of local antigenic stimulation owing to a sparsity of mucosal lymphoepithelial ...
Di Lella S, Herrmann A, Mair CM (June 2016). "Modulation of the pH Stability of Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin: A Host Cell ... Natural compounds Proteins and peptides Viruses portal FI6 antibody Phytohemagglutinin Hemagglutinin Neuraminidase Antigenic ...
Original antigenic sin Vaccine adverse event Other ways in which antibodies can (unusually) make an infection worse instead of ... 2018). "Modulation of Dengue/Zika Virus Pathogenicity by Antibody-Dependent Enhancement and Strategies to Protect Against ... Janoff EN, Wahl SM, Thomas K, Smith PD (September 1995). "Modulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection of human ... The viruses that cause it frequently share common features such as antigenic diversity, replication ability, or ability to ...
Glenny A, Pope C, Waddington H, Wallace U (1926). "The antigenic value of toxoid precipitated by potassium alum". J Pathol ... Masoudi, Sanita; Daniela Ploen; Katharina Kunz (23 May 2014). "The adjuvant component α-tocopherol triggers via modulation of ... Because immune systems have evolved to recognize these specific antigenic moieties, the presence of an adjuvant in conjunction ...
However, the antigenic cross-reactivity among these two representatives within the genus Respirovirus may explain why SeV ... August 2011). "Modulation of human beta-defensin-1 (hBD-1) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), monocytes, and epithelial ... The virus genome has high similarity with human parainfluenza virus 1 (HPIV-1) and the two viruses share common antigenic ... Ryan LK, Diamond G (June 2017). "Modulation of Human β-Defensin-1 Production by Viruses". Viruses. 9 (6): 153. doi:10.3390/ ...
Watzl C (2014). How to trigger a killer: modulation of natural killer cell reactivity on many levels. Advances in Immunology. ... even in the absence of surface adhesion molecules and antigenic peptides. This role of NK cells is critical to immune success ... Lodoen MB, Lanier LL (2005). "Viral modulation of NK cell immunity". Nature Reviews Microbiology. 3 (1): 59-69. doi:10.1038/ ...
Immune modulation: Blastocystis has been shown to provoke cells from the human colon to produce inflammatory cytokines ... Lanuza MD, Carbajal JA, Villar J, Mir A, Borras R (1999). "Soluble-protein and antigenic heterogeneity in axenic Blastocystis ...
Genetic modulation of tumor antigen presentation. Methods in Biotechnology 18:4, pp. 167-172 (All articles with unsourced ... MHC class II and endogenously synthesized antigenic proteins are all present. These antigen proteins are prevented from binding ... MHC class II molecules in tumor immunology: prognostic marker and target for immune modulation. Immunobiology 211:6-8, pp. 616- ...
Therefore, the antigenic receptors play a central role in signal transduction in lymphocytes, because when antigens interact ... triggering and modulation of phosphorylation events". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 41 (4): 528-40. doi:10.1016/j. ...
Wanasen N, Nussenzveig RH, Champagne DE, Soong L, Higgs S (2004). "Differential modulation of murine host immune response by ... WNV is one of the Japanese encephalitis antigenic serocomplex of viruses. Image reconstructions and cryoelectron microscopy ...
Chien YC, Masica DL, Gray JJ, Nguyen S, Vali H, McKee MD (August 2009). "Modulation of calcium oxalate dihydrate growth by ... In contrast, neutralization of Opn-s during antigenic challenge exacerbates allergic airway disease. These effects of Opn-s are ... during primary sensitization and Th2-promoting conventional DCs during secondary antigenic challenge. OPN deficiency was also ...
Hundt N, Steffen W, Pathan-Chhatbar S, Taft MH, Manstein DJ (February 2016). "Load-dependent modulation of non-muscle myosin-2A ... Accurate definition of the antigenic site around the disulphide bridge 30-115 (site 3) by 'surface-simulation' synthesis". The ...
The vaccine uses a VLP (virus-like particle) as an immunogenic carrier of an antigenic PCSK9 peptide. VLP's are viruses that ... "The Evolving Role of PCSK9 Modulation in the Regulation of LDL-Cholesterol". Archived from the original on 18 May 2015. ...
This protein also has five antigenic regions. A cryptic nuclear localization signal (NLS), a functional nuclear localization ... p53 and Akt in modulation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-mediated JNK activation". Virology. 444 (1-2 ...
Though initially dismissed as cellular debris, microvesicles may reflect the antigenic content of the cell of origin and have a ... Sprague DL, Elzey BD, Crist SA, Waldschmidt TJ, Jensen RJ, Ratliff TL (May 2008). "Platelet-mediated modulation of adaptive ...
Graner MW (2016). "HSP90 and Immune Modulation in Cancer". Hsp90 in Cancer: Beyond the Usual Suspects. Advances in Cancer ... In the simplified view of this pathway HSPs are usually not mentioned: antigenic peptides are generated in proteasome, ...
Antigenic modulation. Loss of TL antigen from cells exposed to TL antibody. Study of the phenomenon in vitro.. Old LJ; Stockert ... 1. Modulation of TL (thymus-leukemia) antigens by Fab-fragments of TL antibody.. Lamm ME; Boyse EA; Old LJ; Lisowska-Bernstein ... 3. Modulation of thymus-leukemia antigens on mouse leukemia cells induced by IgG, but not IgM, antibody.. Stackpole CW. J Natl ... Common antigenic determinants in Fd fragments of guinea pig gamma 1, gamma 2 and gamma M immunoglobulins.. Oriol R; Binaghi R. ...
... antigenic drift, rapid antibody-driven escape reflecting amino acid substitutions in the globular domain of hemagglutinin (HA ... Immune response in influenza virus infection and modulation of immune injury by viral neuraminidase. Jiang H, Zhang Z. Jiang H ... Defining influenza A virus hemagglutinin antigenic drift by sequential monoclonal antibody selection Suman R Das 1 , Scott E ... The antigenic architecture of the hemagglutinin of influenza H5N1 viruses. Velkov T, Ong C, Baker MA, Kim H, Li J, Nation RL, ...
Antigenic Modulation* Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ... Antibody-mediated immune suppression by antigen modulation is antigen-specific Cheryl L Maier 1 , Amanda Mener 1 , Seema R ... Antibody-mediated immune suppression by antigen modulation is antigen-specific Cheryl L Maier et al. Blood Adv. 2018. . ... Antigen-specific modulation correlated with antigen-specific AMIS, with anti-KEL treated recipients forming antibodies to the ...
Categories: Antigenic Modulation Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...
An Fab monoclonal antibody protects against antigenic modulation by human sera.. Tzartos SJ; Sophianos D; Efthimiadis A. J ... Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies protect the human acetylcholine receptor against antigenic modulation caused by ... Modulation of the anti-acetylcholine receptor response and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by recombinant fragments ...
Dietary modulation of release of lytic granules from NK cells. The lysosomal release of cytotoxic granules from NK cells, ... NK cells, which can lyse tumor cells, provide antigenic cellular debris for mature dendritic cells to present to T cells; in ... The precise role(s) by which these and other dietary components influence NK cells, such as modulation of receptor-ligand ... mechanistic studies to establish a link between dietary modulation and cancer prevention. ...
Lees clinical trial is the first to test the modulation of immune-checkpoint activity by increasing the antigenic ...
Dietary modulation of release of lytic granules from NK cells. The lysosomal release of cytotoxic granules from NK cells, ... NK cells, which can lyse tumor cells, provide antigenic cellular debris for mature dendritic cells to present to T cells; in ... The precise role(s) by which these and other dietary components influence NK cells, such as modulation of receptor-ligand ... establish a link between dietary modulation and cancer prevention. ...
Antigenic Modulation Preferred Term Term UI T049432. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1992). ... Antigenic Modulation Preferred Concept UI. M0025224. Scope Note. Loss of detectable antigen from the surface of a cell after ... Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.. ... Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.. ...
Evidence now exists to clearly suggest that Th1 or Th2 responses, generated upon antigenic stimulation, can be modulation in ... Glenny, A; Pope, C; Waddington, H; Falacce, U. The antigenic value of toxoid precipitated by potassium alum. J Pathol Bacteriol ... Morein, B; Sundquist, B; Hoglund, S; Dalsgaad, K; Osterhaus, A. Iscom, a novel structure for antigenic presentation of membrane ...
Antigenic Modulation G12.425.143.140 G12.122.140 Antigens, CD11b D12.776.543.750.705.833.62 Antigens, CD151 D12.776.543.982.251 ...
Antigenic Modulation Preferred Term Term UI T049432. Date01/01/1999. LexicalTag NON. ThesaurusID NLM (1992). ... Antigenic Modulation Preferred Concept UI. M0025224. Scope Note. Loss of detectable antigen from the surface of a cell after ... Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.. ... Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies.. ...
Antigenic Modulation MeSH Immune Tolerance MeSH DeCS ID:. 32587 Unique ID:. D019139 ...
Abstract: Immune modulation by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been primarily studied using 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo- ... By this approach, the consequences of AhR activation on innate and adaptive immune responses to the same antigenic challenge ...
... converting enzyme antibodies with alveolar endothelium results in resistance to immune injury through antigenic modulation. ...
This protein is involved in the modulation of proteolysis. C92745 Blood Test for Protein Level C90259 NICHD Pediatric ... C96388 NICHD Childhood Immunization Terminology C923 Vaccine Vaccine Preparations containing substances with antigenic ... This protein is involved in the modulation of proteolysis. C92745 Blood Test for Protein Level C92712 NICHD Pregnancy & ... C90259 NICHD Pediatric Terminology C923 Vaccine Vaccine Preparations containing substances with antigenic properties ...
Academic Dissertations;Academic Dissertations--South Carolina;Antigenic Modulation;Immunosuppression;Mice;Antigenic Modulation; ... Antigenic modulation of Murine T lymphocyte surface markers with Anti-CD2 monoclonal antibody in vitro ...
Thus a pathogen avoids telegraphing its host that it is carrying even a relic of an alternative antigenic species, which could ... Thus, the 100-fold modulation of gene expression that typifies many inducible enzymes might not be good enough for a malaria ... serotype that repre- sents the parasites capacity to spring a new anti- genic surface on its host. The same may hold for other ... sents a means for controlling antigenic factors. ...
Kumar V, Bhardwaj V, Soares L, Alexander J, Sette A & Sercarz EE (1995). MHC binding affinity of an antigenic determinant is ... Windhagen A, Scholz C, Hollsberg P, Fukaura H, Sette A & Hafler DA (1995). Modulation of cytokine patterns of human ... In gene, recombinant and peptide vaccines, the immunogen is a single protein or a small assembly of epitopes from antigenic ... 1. Sercarz EE, Lehmann PV, Ametani A, Benichou G, Miller A & Moudgil K (1993). Dominance and crypticity of T cell antigenic ...
Antigenic Modulation. *Binding Sites, Antibody. *Cross Reactions. *Hemolysis. *Immunologic Capping. *Passive Cutaneous ...
The Cell mediated immunity to secondary antigenic change in oral mucous membrane is thought to play a major role in its ... been shown to have immune modulatory effect involving activation of host macrophages and natural killer cells and modulation of ...
The tumor antigenic landscape associated with T cell infiltration and immunoediting. Wednesday, April 12, 2023. Nobuhiko Kamada ... Modulation of immune responses by exposure to environments rich in microorganisms and parasites. ...
My clinical trial is the first to test the modulation of immune-checkpoint activity by increasing the antigenic ... We launched our clinical trial (15-C-0145) to test a hypothesis that the increased antigenic microenvironment by olaparib or ...
Lloréns, J.; Gras, J. 1974: Antigenic competition. Response to a second antigen (sheep erythrocytes) in an animal persistently ... Chorpenning, F.W.; Lynch, J.J.; Cooper, H.R.; Oldfather, J.W. 1979: Modulation of the immune response to sheep erythrocytes by ... Influence of the antigenicity of Brucella preparations on modulation of the immune response to sheep erythrocytes. Le Garrec, Y ... Influence of the antigenicity of brucella abortus preparations on modulation of the immune response to sheep erythrocytes ...
  • Cleavage site-specific proteases and transporter proteins involved in the processing of protein antigens into peptides also seem to play a role in the selection of antigenic peptides. (who.int)
  • Efficient processing and generation of the target antigenic peptides by the UPS is essential for treatment of cancers by T-cell therapy. (academicediting.org)
  • The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system (the major histocompatibility complex [MHC] in humans) encodes cell-surface molecules which present antigenic peptides to T cells [ 4 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1. Modulation of TL (thymus-leukemia) antigens by Fab-fragments of TL antibody. (nih.gov)
  • 2. Different mechanisms for the modulation of TL antigens on murine lymphoid cells. (nih.gov)
  • 3. Modulation of thymus-leukemia antigens on mouse leukemia cells induced by IgG, but not IgM, antibody. (nih.gov)
  • Antigenic modulation of target antigens also reduces the therapeutic effectiveness of treatment by monoclonal antibodies. (nih.gov)
  • Since most immune responses against protein and peptide antigens are T-cell dependent, the molecular target of such vaccines is to generate at least 50-100 complexes between MHC molecule and the antigenic peptide per antigen-presenting cell, sensitizing a T cell population of appropriate clonal size and effector characteristics. (who.int)
  • An Fab monoclonal antibody protects against antigenic modulation by human sera. (nih.gov)
  • 14. Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies protect the human acetylcholine receptor against antigenic modulation caused by myasthenic sera. (nih.gov)
  • 10. Common antigenic determinants in Fd fragments of guinea pig gamma 1, gamma 2 and gamma M immunoglobulins. (nih.gov)
  • In gene, recombinant and peptide vaccines, the immunogen is a single protein or a small assembly of epitopes from antigenic proteins. (who.int)
  • The steps involved in antigen presentation and recognition by T cells that may influence the selection of antigenic protective epitopes from whole proteins will be reviewed. (who.int)
  • Many pathogens have evolved molecular mechanisms to escape recognition by the immune system by variation of antigenic protein sequences. (who.int)
  • By this approach, the consequences of AhR activation on innate and adaptive immune responses to the same antigenic challenge were compared. (nih.gov)
  • Human influenza A virus (IAV) vaccination is limited by "antigenic drift," rapid antibody-driven escape reflecting amino acid substitutions in the globular domain of hemagglutinin (HA), the viral attachment protein. (nih.gov)
  • 15. Modulation of the anti-acetylcholine receptor response and experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by recombinant fragments of the acetylcholine receptor. (nih.gov)
  • Immune modulation by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has been primarily studied using 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). (nih.gov)
  • The different activation kinetics observed in soluble and immobilized enzyme versions could be due to either structural constraints to the active site conformational modulation or to a differential accessibility of the antigenic peptide (the allosteric receptor) to activating antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • On engagement of the T cell receptor by antigenic peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) complex, a second "costimulatory" signal is critical to full T-cell activation or downregulation. (moam.info)
  • Modulation of the UPS offers been noticed and also, in particular, the phrase of the IFN- inducible components of the UPS such as PA28/ and the i-subunits 1i/LMP2 and 5i/LMP7 were found to be altered in tumor cells, affecting both the quantity and in certain cases also the quality of the generated epitopes20,21,22. (academicediting.org)
  • Emphasis on antigenic responses through the immune system interaction with MNPs, modulation of human response to food and respiratory allergens, and ability of MNPs to bind and attract molecules that are harmful for humans (e.g., pathogenic microorganisms, metals, toxins). (hes-so.ch)
  • Objectives To determine the anatomical location and the expression kinetics of the (+)insert SMMHC isoform in airways of horses with heaves and to evaluate its modulation in response to disease status. (bmj.com)
  • Differential Effects of Costimulatory Pathway Modulation on Corneal Allograft Survival Martin P. Watson,1 Andrew J. T. George,1 and Daniel F. P. Larkin2,3 PURPOSE. (moam.info)
  • In this study, the effect on corneal allograft survival of modulation of the costimulatory molecules programmed death-1 (PD-1) and inducible costimulatory (ICOS) molecule was examined. (moam.info)
  • I. In the rabbit a repeated interaction of heterologous anti-angiotensin-converting enzyme antibodies with alveolar endothelium results in resistance to immune injury through antigenic modulation. (bvsalud.org)

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