Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, most notably the octapeptide VASOPRESSINS.
A condition of HYPONATREMIA and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of BODY FLUIDS resulting from sustained release of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONES which stimulates renal resorption of water. It is characterized by normal KIDNEY function, high urine OSMOLALITY, low serum osmolality, and neurological dysfunction. Etiologies include ADH-producing neoplasms, injuries or diseases involving the HYPOTHALAMUS, the PITUITARY GLAND, and the LUNG. This syndrome can also be drug-induced.
Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balance and OSMOLARITY. In general, vasopressin is a nonapeptide consisting of a six-amino-acid ring with a cysteine 1 to cysteine 6 disulfide bridge or an octapeptide containing a CYSTINE. All mammals have arginine vasopressin except the pig with a lysine at position 8. Vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor, acts on the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS to increase water reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure.
An increase in the excretion of URINE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Deficiency of sodium in the blood; salt depletion. (Dorland, 27th ed)
A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiologies of diabetes insipidus include deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (also known as ADH or VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS, impaired KIDNEY response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst.
A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.
Specific molecular sites or proteins on or in cells to which VASOPRESSINS bind or interact in order to modify the function of the cells. Two types of vasopressin receptor exist, the V1 receptor in the vascular smooth muscle and the V2 receptor in the kidneys. The V1 receptor can be subdivided into V1a and V1b (formerly V3) receptors.
The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.
The ability of the kidney to excrete in the urine high concentrations of solutes from the blood plasma.
The concentration of osmotically active particles in solution expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per liter of solution. Osmolality is expressed in terms of osmoles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
The balance of fluid in the BODY FLUID COMPARTMENTS; total BODY WATER; BLOOD VOLUME; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; INTRACELLULAR SPACE, maintained by processes in the body that regulate the intake and excretion of WATER and ELECTROLYTES, particularly SODIUM and POTASSIUM.
A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than TETRACYCLINE, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.
A species of the true toads, Bufonidae, becoming fairly common in the southern United States and almost pantropical. The secretions from the skin glands of this species are very toxic to animals.
A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)
The withholding of water in a structured experimental situation.
Liquid by-product of excretion produced in the kidneys, temporarily stored in the bladder until discharge through the URETHRA.
Aquaporin 2 is a water-specific channel protein that is expressed in KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS. The translocation of aquaporin 2 to the apical PLASMA MEMBRANE is regulated by VASOPRESSIN, and MUTATIONS in AQP2 have been implicated in a variety of kidney disorders including DIABETES INSIPIDUS.
A member of the alkali group of metals. It has the atomic symbol Na, atomic number 11, and atomic weight 23.
A mutant strain of Rattus norvegicus used in research on renal function and hypertension and as a disease model for diabetes insipidus.
A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.
Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS).
A condition resulting from the excessive retention of water with sodium depletion.
A genetic or acquired polyuric disorder characterized by persistent hypotonic urine and HYPOKALEMIA. This condition is due to renal tubular insensitivity to VASOPRESSIN and failure to reduce urine volume. It may be the result of mutations of genes encoding VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS or AQUAPORIN-2; KIDNEY DISEASES; adverse drug effects; or complications from PREGNANCY.
A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.
Slender tubular or hairlike excretory structures found in insects. They emerge from the alimentary canal between the mesenteron (midgut) and the proctodeum (hindgut).
Disturbances in the body's WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE.
The porcine antidiuretic hormone (VASOPRESSINS). It is a cyclic nonapeptide that differs from ARG-VASOPRESSIN by one amino acid, containing a LYSINE at residue 8 instead of an ARGININE. Lys-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.
An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.
Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

Clinical review: Vasopressin and terlipressin in septic shock patients. (1/79)

Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone) is emerging as a potentially major advance in the treatment of septic shock. Terlipressin (tricyl-lysine-vasopressin) is the synthetic, long-acting analogue of vasopressin, and has comparable pharmacodynamic but different pharmacokinetic properties. Vasopressin mediates vasoconstriction via V1 receptor activation on vascular smooth muscle. Septic shock first causes a transient early increase in blood vasopressin concentrations; these concentrations subsequently decrease to very low levels as compared with those observed with other causes of hypotension. Infusions of 0.01-0.04 U/min vasopressin in septic shock patients increase plasma vasopressin concentrations. This increase is associated with reduced need for other vasopressors. Vasopressin has been shown to result in greater blood flow diversion from nonvital to vital organ beds compared with adrenaline (epinephrine). Of concern is a constant decrease in cardiac output and oxygen delivery, the consequences of which in terms of development of multiple organ failure are not yet known. Terlipressin (one or two boluses of 1 mg) has similar effects, but this drug has been used in far fewer patients. Large randomized clinical trials should be conducted to establish the utility of these drugs as therapeutic agents in patients with septic shock.  (+info)

Vasopressin, not octreotide, may be beneficial in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: a retrospective study. (2/79)

BACKGROUND: Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a severe complication of cirrhosis and is associated with high mortality. Ornipressin and terlipressin are effective in treatment of HRS, but are not available in the USA. The efficacy of vasopressin (AVP) and octreotide (OCT) infusions, commonly utilized in the USA, in the treatment of HRS is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the effects of AVP and OCT on renal function, systemic haemodynamics and clinical outcomes in HRS. METHODS: This observational study evaluated patients receiving AVP or OCT therapy for HRS from January 2000 to December 2003. Recovery from HRS was defined as a decrease in the serum creatinine (SCr) to a value < or =1.5 mg/dl. RESULTS: Forty-three patients were identified: eight received AVP, 16 received OCT and 19 received both AVP and OCT. Patients who received AVP alone or in combination with OCT had significantly greater recovery rates than those receiving OCT monotherapy (42 vs 38 vs 0%, respectively, P = 0.01). The average time to response in serum creatinine (SCr) was 7+/- 2 days. The mean AVP doses were 0.23+/-0.19 U/min in patients demonstrating clinical response. Therapy with AVP was an independent predictor of recovery (odds ratio 6.4, 95% confidence interval 1.3-31.8). Patients who responded to therapy had significantly lower mortality (23 vs 67%, P = 0.008) and higher rates of liver transplantation (23 vs 0%, P = 0.005). No adverse effects related to AVP therapy were observed. CONCLUSION: When compared with OCT, HRS patients treated with AVP had significantly higher recovery rates, improved survival and were more likely to receive a liver transplant.  (+info)

Acute and fatal hyponatraemia after resection of a craniopharyngioma: a preventable tragedy. (3/79)

Central diabetes insipidus developed for the first time in a 14-year-old female during the resection of a craniopharyngioma. The water diuresis persisted until a vasopressin analogue (dDAVP) was given. Professor McCance was asked to explain why hypernatraemia developed, to anticipate dangers that might develop in the salt and water area with therapy, and to provide insights into why this patient died, due to the subsequent development of hyponatraemia that caused a lethal rise in intracranial pressure. The team specifically wanted Professor McCance's opinions as to why a PNa of 124 mmol/l was uniquely dangerous for this patient, and this was a particularly challenging conundrum. Nevertheless, with the aid of a mini-experiment, a careful chart review, and creative thinking, he was able to offer a novel solution, and to suggest ways to prevent its occurrence in other patients.  (+info)

High-throughput identification of IMCD proteins using LC-MS/MS. (4/79)

The inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD) is an important site of vasopressin-regulated water and urea transport. Here we have used protein mass spectrometry to investigate the proteome of the IMCD cell and how it is altered in response to long-term vasopressin administration in rats. IMCDs were isolated from inner medullas of rats, and IMCD proteins were identified by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We present a WWW-based "IMCD Proteome Database" containing all IMCD proteins identified in this study (n = 704) and prior MS-based identification studies (n = 301). We used the isotope-coded affinity tag (ICAT) technique to identify IMCD proteins that change in abundance in response to vasopressin. Vasopressin analog (dDAVP) or vehicle was infused subcutaneously in Brattleboro rats for 3 days, and IMCDs were isolated for proteomic analysis. dDAVP and control samples were labeled with different cleavable ICAT reagents (mass difference 9 amu) and mixed. This was followed by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE separation, in-gel trypsin digestion, biotin-avidin affinity purification, and LC-MS/MS identification and quantification. Responses to vasopressin for a total of 165 proteins were quantified. Quantification, based on semiquantitative immunoblotting of 16 proteins for which antibodies were available, showed a high degree of correlation with ICAT results. In addition to aquaporin-2 and gamma-epithelial Na channel (gamma-ENaC), five of the immunoblotted proteins were substantially altered in abundance in response to dDAVP, viz., syntaxin-7, Rap1, GAPDH, heat shock protein (HSP)70, and cathepsin D. A 28-protein vasopressin signaling network was constructed using literature-based network analysis software focusing on the newly identified proteins, providing several new hypotheses for future studies.  (+info)

Distribution, activity and evidence for the release of an anti-diuretic peptide in the kissing bug Rhodnius prolixus. (5/79)

In the haematophagous insect Rhodnius prolixus, diuresis is accomplished through the combined actions of peptidergic diuretic hormones and 5-HT released from neurohaemal sites on the abdominal nerves. Preliminary work on anti-diuresis in this blood-feeder, previously believed to occur through a decrease in the levels of the diuretic factors, indicates that an anti-diuretic hormone, with properties similar to CAP2b (pELYAFPRVamide; recently renamed Mas-CAPA-1), might also be present in R. prolixus. Here, we present evidence from immunohistochemical analysis that suggests a PRXamide-like neuropeptide may be released from the abdominal neurohaemal sites beginning 3-4 h following feeding; a time that coincides with the cessation of diuresis. We also show evidence for an endogenous factor, isolated from the central nervous system using reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography, which mimics the effects of Mas-CAPA-1. Specifically, this endogenous anti-diuretic factor inhibits rates of 5-HT-stimulated secretion in a dose-dependent manner and elevates intracellular cGMP levels of Malpighian tubules stimulated with 5-HT.  (+info)

Nocturnal polyuria in monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis refractory to desmopressin treatment. (6/79)

The transition from day to night is associated with a pronounced decline in diuresis with reductions in the amount of excreted water, electrolytes, and other end products of our metabolism. Failure to do so leads to a large urine output at night, a condition known as nocturnal polyuria, encountered in a large proportion of children with nocturnal enuresis. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanisms responsible for the nocturnal polyuria seen in enuretics with inadequate response to desmopressin (dDAVP). Forty-six enuretics (7-14 yr of age) and fifteen age-matched controls were admitted for a 24-h protocol with standardized fluid and sodium intake, comprising urine collections, blood sampling, and blood pressure monitoring. We included patients with severe enuresis (5 +/- 1 wet nights/wk) showing <50% reduction in wet nights on dDAVP. We characterized the patients on the basis of their nocturnal urine production. The children with nocturnal polyuria excreted larger amounts of sodium and urea at night than nonpolyurics and controls. Solute-free water reabsorption as well as urinary arginine vasopressin and aquaporin-2 excretion were normal in polyurics, and no differences were found in atrial natriuretic peptide, angiotensin II, aldosterone, and renin levels. Urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) excretion was significantly higher in polyurics. The nocturnal polyuria in children with dDAVP-resistant nocturnal enuresis seems to be the result of augmented sodium and urea excretion. The high urinary PGE2 levels found in these children point toward a role for increased prostaglandin synthesis in the pathogenesis of enuresis-related polyuria.  (+info)

Vasopressin increases plasma membrane accumulation of urea transporter UT-A1 in rat inner medullary collecting ducts. (7/79)

Urea transport, mediated by the urea transporter A1 (UT-A1) and/or UT-A3, is important for the production of concentrated urine. Vasopressin rapidly increases urea transport in rat terminal inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCD). A previous study showed that one mechanism for rapid regulation of urea transport is a vasopressin-induced increase in UT-A1 phosphorylation. This study tests whether vasopressin or directly activating adenylyl cyclase with forskolin also increases UT-A1 accumulation in the plasma membrane of rat IMCD. Inner medullas were harvested from rats 45 min after injection with vasopressin or vehicle. UT-A1 abundance in the plasma membrane was significantly increased in the membrane fraction after differential centrifugation and in the biotinylated protein population. Vasopressin and forskolin each increased the amount of biotinylated UT-A1 in rat IMCD suspensions that were treated ex vivo. The observed changes in the plasma membrane are specific, as the amount of biotinylated UT-A1 but not the calcium-sensing receptor was increased by forskolin. Next, whether forskolin or the V(2)-selective agonist dDAVP would increase apical membrane expression of UT-A1 in MDCK cells that were stably transfected with UT-A1 (UT-A1-MDCK cells) was tested. Forskolin and dDAVP significantly increased UT-A1 abundance in the apical membrane in UT-A1-MDCK cells. It is concluded that vasopressin and forskolin increase UT-A1 accumulation in the plasma membrane in rat IMCD and in the apical plasma membrane of UT-A1-MDCK cells. These findings suggest that vasopressin regulates urea transport by increasing UT-A1 accumulation in the plasma membrane and/or UT-A1 phosphorylation.  (+info)

The role of vasopressin in congestive heart failure. (8/79)

Neurohormonal abnormalities contribute to the pathophysiology of congestive heart failure (CHF). Successful approaches to improving the prognosis of patients with CHF are based largely on therapeutic interruption of activated neurohormonal systems. The use of antagonists and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic nervous systems has significantly improved clinical outcomes in CHF. Excessive secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP) has the potential for deleterious effects on various physiologic processes in CHF Inhibition of AVP through vasopressin receptor antagonist therapy is a potentially beneficial new therapeutic approach to CHF  (+info)

A more detailed explanation of Inappropriate ADH Syndrome may be as follows:

Inappropriate ADH syndrome is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by excessive antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion, leading to water retention and hyponatremia. Hyponatremia occurs when the body contains too much water and not enough sodium, causing an imbalance in the electrolyte levels of the blood. This condition can be caused by various factors such as a tumor or other abnormality that increases ADH production or decreases sodium levels in the body. Symptoms of Inappropriate ADH syndrome may include headaches, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and in severe cases, coma.

If left untreated, Inappropriate ADH Syndrome can lead to more serious complications such as seizures or coma. Treatment options for this condition typically involve surgery, radiation therapy, or medication to remove the tumor or other abnormality causing the excessive ADH production and restore sodium levels in the body. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time as early diagnosis and treatment can improve the chances of a successful outcome for this condition.

In summary, Inappropriate ADH Syndrome is an uncommon endocrine disorder caused by excessive ADH secretion leading to hyponatremia due to water retention, which can cause severe symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, and coma if left untreated. Treatment options involve surgery, radiation therapy, or medication to remove the tumor or other abnormality causing excessive ADH production and restore sodium levels in the body. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a successful outcome.

Hyponatremia can be caused by various factors, such as excessive fluid intake, certain medications, kidney or liver disease, and hormonal imbalances. Symptoms may include headache, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, muscle weakness, and in severe cases, seizures or coma.

Treatment for hyponatremia typically involves correcting the underlying cause of the condition. This may involve discontinuing certain medications, addressing any underlying medical conditions, or limiting fluid intake. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the condition. In some instances, sodium supplements or diuretics may be prescribed to help correct sodium levels.

It is important to note that hyponatremia can be a serious condition, and prompt medical attention should be sought if symptoms persist or worsen over time. A healthcare professional should be consulted for proper diagnosis and treatment.

There are two main types of DI: central diabetes insipidus (CDI) and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI). CDI is caused by a defect in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, which can lead to a lack of vasopressin. NDI is caused by a problem with the kidneys, which can prevent them from responding properly to vasopressin.

Symptoms of DI include excessive thirst and urination, fatigue, headaches, and dehydration. Treatment for DI typically involves replacing vasopressin through injections or oral medications, as well as addressing any underlying causes. In some cases, DI can be managed with desmopressin, a synthetic version of vasopressin.

Overall, diabetes insipidus is a rare and complex condition that requires careful management to prevent complications such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalances.

In diabetes, polyuria is caused by high levels of glucose in the blood that cannot be properly absorbed by the body. The excess glucose spills into the urine, drawing water with it and increasing the volume of urine. This can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances if left untreated.

In kidney disease, polyuria can be caused by damage to the kidneys that impairs their ability to concentrate urine. As a result, the body produces more urine than usual to compensate for the lack of concentrating ability.

Polyuria can also be a symptom of certain endocrine disorders such as diabetes insipidus, where the body produces too much antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin, which leads to an excessive amount of urine production.

To diagnose polyuria, a healthcare provider may perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and conduct diagnostic tests such as urinalysis, blood glucose testing, and imaging studies. Treatment for polyuria depends on the underlying cause and may include medication, lifestyle changes, and in some cases, dialysis.

The symptoms of water intoxication can vary depending on the severity of the condition, but may include:

* Headache
* Nausea and vomiting
* Seizures
* Confusion and disorientation
* Slurred speech
* Weakness or fatigue
* Increased heart rate
* Low blood pressure

In severe cases, water intoxication can cause seizures, coma, and even death.

The diagnosis of water intoxication is based on a combination of symptoms, medical history, and laboratory tests, such as blood tests to measure electrolyte levels. Treatment typically involves cessation of fluid intake, administration of electrolytes, and monitoring of vital signs. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the condition.

Prevention of water intoxication is key, and this can be achieved by drinking fluids in moderation and avoiding excessive intake during physical activity or in hot weather. It is also important to monitor fluid intake in individuals who are at risk, such as endurance athletes or those with certain medical conditions.

In summary, water intoxication is a serious condition that can occur when a person consumes too much water, leading to an imbalance of electrolytes in the body. It is important to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical attention if they occur, as prompt treatment can help prevent complications and death.

The exact cause of NDI is not always known, but it can be due to various factors such as genetic mutations, injury to the pituitary gland or the hypothalamus (parts of the brain that regulate hormone production), certain medications, and kidney disease. The symptoms of NDI can vary in severity and may include:

Excessive thirst and drinking (polydipsia)
Frequent urination (polyuria)
Increased urine output at night (nocturia)
Dry mouth and skin
Fatigue and weakness

To diagnose NDI, a healthcare provider will typically perform a physical exam, take a medical history, and use laboratory tests to assess the levels of vasopressin and other hormones in the body. Treatment for NDI may include medications to reduce urine production, such as desmopressin (DDAVP), and addressing any underlying causes. In some cases, a kidney transplant may be necessary. With proper treatment, people with NDI can lead active lives, but they must be careful to manage their fluid intake and output to avoid dehydration or overhydration.

Water-electrolyte imbalance can be caused by various factors such as excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, burns, and certain medications. It can also be a complication of other medical conditions like kidney disease, heart failure, and liver disease.

Symptoms of water-electrolyte imbalance may include:

* Dehydration or overhydration
* Changes in blood pH (acidosis or alkalosis)
* Electrolyte abnormalities (such as low sodium, high potassium, or low bicarbonate)
* Muscle weakness or cramping
* Confusion or disorientation
* Heart arrhythmias

Treatment of water-electrolyte imbalance depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Fluid replacement, electrolyte supplements, and medications to correct pH levels may be prescribed by a healthcare professional. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to monitor and treat the condition.

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of water-electrolyte imbalance, as untreated imbalances can lead to serious complications such as seizures, coma, and even death.

Alternatively, an antidiuretic, such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), is an agent or drug which reduces the excretion of ... The term "calcium-sparing diuretic" is sometimes used to identify agents that result in a relatively low rate of excretion of ... Diuretics increase the urine volume and dilute doping agents and their metabolites. Another use is to rapidly lose weight to ... Antidiuretic Laxative Diuresis Hydration Water poisoning Dehydration Shah, Shaukat; Khatri, Ibrahim; Freis, Edward D. (1978). " ...
Diuretic Electrolyte Water-electrolyte imbalance Antidiuretic+Agents at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject ... The major endogenous antidiuretics are antidiuretic hormone (ADH; also called vasopressin) and oxytocin. Both of those are also ... An antidiuretic is a substance that helps to control fluid balance in an animal's body by reducing urination, opposing diuresis ... Antidiuretics reduce urine volume, particularly in diabetes insipidus (DI), which is one of their main indications. The ...
... natriuretic agents MeSH D27.505.696.560.249 - antidiuretic agents MeSH D27.505.696.560.500 - diuretics MeSH D27.505.696.560. ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.016 - anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122. ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...
... such as that caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) and heart failure, however these agents should be ... Seibold A, Brabet P, Rosenthal W, Birnbaumer M (Nov 1992). "Structure and chromosomal localization of the human antidiuretic ... "Molecular cloning of the receptor for human antidiuretic hormone". Nature. 357 (6376): 333-5. Bibcode:1992Natur.357..333B. doi: ...
The lipotropic agents. 1954 Howard Walter Florey, Mucins and the protection of the body 1953 Ronald Fisher, Population genetics ... 1947 Ernest Basil Verney, The antidiuretic hormone and the factors which determine its release. 1946 J.B.S. Haldane, The formal ...
... that results from an abnormally excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). This in turn increases the reabsorption of A ... potentially fatal condition that is caused by dopamine receptor-blocking agents such as antipsychotics. It develops over a ... dermatitis Toxic epidermal necrolysis Systemic lupus erythematosus Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone ...
Several chemotherapeutic agents - for example cisplatin - are associated with acute and chronic kidney injuries. Additionally, ... One example, The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH), a disorder of low serum sodium concentration, was ... Therapy can be as simple as limiting offending agents and dose adjustment of chemotherapeutics or as intricate as adding ... The ethics of dialysis in the dying cancer patient Dialysis and chemotherapy agents Tumor invasion of the kidney Obstructive ...
ISBN 978-0-915274-23-9. I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: Properties ... Seizures Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone Blood dyscrasias including: Agranulocytosis ... Trimipramine should not be given with sympathomimetic agents such as epinephrine (adrenaline), ephedrine, isoprenaline, ...
Oxytocin is the most commonly used agent for labor induction. It is given intravenously since it is easily degraded by the body ... This occurs due to oxytocin's similar structure to vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone), which acts to retain water in the body. ... A uterotonic, also known as ecbolic, are pharmacological agents used to induce contraction or greater tonicity of the uterus. ...
... (trade name Atromid-S) is a lipid-lowering agent used for controlling the high cholesterol and triacylglyceride ... It can induce SIADH, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone ADH (vasopressin). Clofibrate can also result ...
Patients who are receiving inotropic or vasopressor agents may have a normalized blood pressure at the time that perfusion ... The renin-angiotensin axis is activated, and arginine vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) is released to conserve fluid by ... so the body attempts to return to acid-base homeostasis by removing that acidifying agent. The baroreceptors in the arteries ...
In the last decade, in early hyperdynamic septic shock, the administration of high-dose AVP as a single agent proved to fail to ... Vasopressin is used to manage anti-diuretic hormone deficiency. It has off-label uses and is used in the treatment of ... A vasopressin receptor antagonist is an agent that interferes with action at the vasopressin receptors. They can be used in the ... Vasopressin is used to treat diabetes insipidus related to low levels of antidiuretic hormone. It is available as Pressyn. ...
There were problems with the availability of this agent from 2012 to 2015. A wave of enthusiasm for secretin as a possible ... abnormalities in such secretin release could explain the abnormalities underlying type D syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic ...
... then a second augmentation agent is sometimes added to the therapy. Lithium is one of the few augmentation agents for ... The dehydration is due to lithium inhibition of the action of antidiuretic hormone, which normally enables the kidney to ... In 1974, this application was extended to its use as a preventive agent for manic-depressive illness. ≈ Fieve, who had opened ... Because lithium competes with the antidiuretic hormone in the kidney, it increases water output into the urine, a condition ...
... caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) due to ADH producing tumors. Spreitzer H (November 20, 2006 ... Antihypertensive agent stubs). ...
... but protriptyline is considered the least sedating agent among this class of agents. Its side effects are especially noticeable ... antidiuretic hormone) secretion; tinnitus; alteration in EEG patterns. Anticholinergic: Paralytic ileus; hyperpyrexia; urinary ... 836-. ISBN 978-0-7817-2845-4. I.K. Morton; Judith M. Hall (6 December 2012). Concise Dictionary of Pharmacological Agents: ...
... is a vasoconstrictor, haemostatic and renal agent. H. Fruhstofer, M.D., M. Heisler, M.D. (1994). "Dose-response ... Antidiuretics, All stub articles, Systemic hormonal preparation stubs). ...
Palm C, Pistrosch F, Herbrig K, Gross P (July 2006). "Vasopressin antagonists as aquaretic agents for the treatment of ... "Demeclocycline in the treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone release: with measurement of plasma ADH ... A vasopressin receptor antagonist (VRA) is an agent that interferes with action at the vasopressin receptors. Most commonly ... will likely be the preferred agent. Selective V2R antagonists such as tolvaptan, lixivaptan etc. will likely be useful in ...
Antidiuretic factors are less well studied than diuretic factors. They act either on the Malpighian tubules to inhibit urine ... Their effects are mimicked by the pharmacological agent, thapsigargin, which is sometimes used in fluid secretion assays when a ... "Insect Diuretic and Antidiuretic Hormones". Advances in Insect Physiology 29: 279-409. Furuya, K.; Milchak, R. J.; Schegg, K. M ... To date, the only insect for which both diuretic and antidiuretic hormones (acting directly on tubules) have been isolated is a ...
As detomidine is an arrhythmogenic agent, extreme care should be exercised in horses with cardiac disease, and in the ... Due to inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system, detomidine also has cardiac and respiratory effects and an antidiuretic ... 2014). "Principles of sedation, anticholinergic agents, and principles of premedication". Veterinary Anaesthesia. pp. 79-100. ...
In 1959 it became the eighth cytotoxic anticancer agent to be approved by the FDA. The abbreviation CP is common, although ... High-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide can cause the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and a ... The main use of cyclophosphamide is with other chemotherapy agents in the treatment of lymphomas, some forms of brain cancer, ... Like other alkylating agents, cyclophosphamide is teratogenic and contraindicated in pregnant women (pregnancy category D) ...
Side effects that are common (based on its pharmacology or the frequency of these side effects with related agents) appear with ... Syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) Closed-angle glaucoma Alzheimer's disease or dementia* " ...
Hammon, W. M.; Reeves, W. C. (1952). "California encephalitis virus, a newly described agent". Calif Med. 77 (5): 303-309. PMC ... Louis encephalitis, low blood sodium level and excess, unsuppressable release of antidiuretic hormone For Western equine ...
... and anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). Ectopic production of large amounts of ADH leads to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic ... The newer agent lurbinectedin is active in relapsed SCLC and was approved for medical use in the United States in June 2020. In ... Several newer agents, including temozolomide and bendamustine, have activity in relapsed SCLC. Of note, temozolomide yielded a ... As a single agent, lurbinectedin demonstrated following clinical results in refractory small cell lung cancer trial: Overall ...
Conivaptan hydrochloride and tolvaptan have been approved by the FDA for treating syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic ... Antihypertensive agent stubs). ...
Zofenopril These agents appear to show antioxidative properties but may be involved in adverse events such as skin eruptions. ... Stimulation of the posterior pituitary to release vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) also acts on the kidneys to increase ... In a large clinical study, one of the agents in the ACE inhibitor class, ramipril (Altace), demonstrated an ability to reduce ... The combination therapy of angiotensin II receptor antagonists with ACE inhibitors may be superior to either agent alone. This ...
Medications used include: diuretic agents, vasodilator agents, positive inotropes, ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and ... Tolvaptan and conivaptan antagonize the effects of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin), thereby promoting the specific excretion ... The inotropic agent dobutamine is advised only in the short-term use of acutely decompensated heart failure, and has no other ...
Oxytocin and anti-diuretic hormone are not secreted in the posterior lobe, merely stored. The pancreas is a heterocrine gland ... Frühbeck G (July 2004). "The adipose tissue as a source of vasoactive factors". Curr Med Chem Cardiovasc Hematol Agents. 2 (3 ...
Decongestant Diuretic or Antidiuretic Inotrope (positive or negative) This type of categorisation of drugs is from a medical ... and not all drugs used to treat atherosclerosis are triglyceride-lowering agents. A drug class is typically defined by a ... not all triglyceride lowering agents are PPAR agonists, ...
Osmotic agents work by primarily affecting the blood brain barrier. It's very important that the osmotic agents cannot cross ... Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) results in hyponatremia which leads to water retention and antidiuretic hormone ... Commonly used osmotic agents are urea, glycerol, mannitol and Hypertonic Saline. Dosage of osmotic agent administration is ... An ideal osmotic agent would be characterized by its inertness, relative non-toxicity and complete exclusion from brain entry. ...
Calcimimetic agents may be necessary, e.g. Cinacalcet.[citation needed] In mild cases of milk-alkali syndrome, full recovery is ... hypercalcemia can decrease the reabsorption of water in the kidney's collecting ducts by suppressing antidiuretic hormone (ADH ... For mild cases of MAS, the only intervention needed is to withdraw the offending agent. By having the person stop taking any ... as well as how to reverse the syndrome by discontinuing the offending agent and seeking medical attention. ...
Silver H (2001). "Fluvoxamine as an adjunctive agent in schizophrenia". CNS Drug Reviews. 7 (3): 283-304. doi:10.1111/j.1527- ... Suicidal ideation and behaviour Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion Urinary incontinence Urinary retention ... Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry. 9 (3): 197-204. doi:10.2174/1871524910909030197. PMID 20021354. Hindmarch ... "Fluvoxamine versus other anti-depressive agents for depression". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (3): CD006114. doi ...
This organ does not produce any hormone but stores and secretes hormones such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) which is ... called the autocrine agent) that binds to autocrine receptors on the same cell, leading to changes in the cells. Some ...
There are no restrictions regarding the type of local anaesthetic agent used although those with vasoconstrictors may provide ... Desmopressin is a synthetic analog of the natural antidiuretic hormone vasopressin. Its overuse can lead to water retention and ... Surgicel or fibrin glue in conjunction with post-operatively administered antifibrinolytic agents where appropriate. The use of ...
During World War II and the Korean War, asbestos also played a role, and Agent Orange may have caused some problems during the ... as well as hyponatremia due to overproduction of antidiuretic hormone or atrial natriuretic peptide. Around a third of people ...
Adequate rate control (usually with a pharmacological agent that slows down AV conduction such as a calcium channel blocker or ... also known as antidiuretic hormone or ADH), which causes fluid retention at the kidneys. This increases the blood volume and ... Toxins and pharmacological agents (such as ethanol, cocaine, doxorubicin, and amphetamines) cause intracellular damage and ...
This may be caused by low cortisol levels or by inappropriate release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the posterior ... MRI with a contrast agent) may be required to identify aneurysms of the brain blood vessels, the most common cause of SAH. ... the inability to retain fluid in the kidneys due to a lack of the pituitary antidiuretic hormone. This may be treated with the ...
... result in feedback by regulating the secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH/Vasopressin), renin and aldosterone. The resultant ... and there is some evidence that different antihypertensive agents have different effects on blood pressure variability; whether ... also contributes to changing the caliber of small blood vessels and influencing resistance and reactivity to vasoactive agents ...
... and multimodal agents". CNS Spectr. 27 (2): 199-207. doi:10.1017/S1092852920001984. PMID 33121553. Findling RL, Candler SA, ... inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, increased transaminases, seizure, (there were three cases worldwide, and most ... a potential psychotropic agent". Nature. 238 (5360): 157-8. Bibcode:1972Natur.238..157M. doi:10.1038/238157a0. PMID 4558457. ...
... and shampoos A cloud seeding agent, along with other salts A flame-proofing agent, commonly used in dry chemical fire ... The body uses this mechanism, which is controlled by the antidiuretic hormone, to create hyperosmotic urine - i.e., urine with ... A main ingredient in hair removers such as Nair and Veet A browning agent in factory-produced pretzels An ingredient in some ...
Pretreatment with a sedative agent and neuromuscular blocking agent to induce unconsciousness and motor paralysis has been ... Excessive water intake, syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Rapid reduction of blood glucose in diabetic ... An ideal osmotic agent produces a favorable osmotic pressure gradient, is nontoxic, and is not filtered out by the blood-brain ... Agents that target the VEGF signaling pathways, such as cediranib, have been promising in prolonging survival in rat models but ...
Mechanical ventilation may be required, as well as fluid replacement, vasopressor agents, careful rewarming, and ... myxedema coma are characteristically associated with low sodium levels in the blood together with elevations in antidiuretic ...
Viswambharan, Vishal; Manepalli, Jothika N; Grossberg, George T (February 2013). "Orexigenic agents in geriatric clinical ... use disorder Stomach flu Stress Sickness behavior Superior mesenteric artery syndrome Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic ...
Antidiuretic Agents / therapeutic use Actions. * Search in PubMed * Search in MeSH * Add to Search ...
Evaluation of a new antidiuretic agent, desmopressin acetate (DDAVP).. Kosman ME. JAMA; 1978 Oct; 240(17):1896-7. PubMed ID: ...
Natriuretic Agents [D27.505.696.560] * Antidiuretic Agents [D27.505.696.560.249] * Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists [ ... Anti-Diuretic Agents Antidiuretic Effect Antidiuretic Effects Registry Number. 0. NLM Classification #. QV 160. Previous ... Antidiuretic Agents Preferred Concept UI. M0472145. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, ... note entry term ANTIDIURETIC EFFECT: use only for the antidiuretic effect of a chemical substance. Scope Note. Agents that ...
Glucose-Elevating Agents. Class Summary. Glucagon uses a different receptor than that used by sympathomimetics to stimulate ... Vasopressin has vasopressor and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) activity. It increases water resorption at the distal renal tubular ... These agents modulate and decrease the inflammatory response to the sting. Onset of action is delayed for several hours; ...
Agents, Anti-Diuretic. Agents, Antidiuretic. Anti Diuretic Agents. Anti-Diuretic Agents. Antidiuretic Effect. Antidiuretic ... Agents, Anti-Diuretic Agents, Antidiuretic Anti Diuretic Agents Anti-Diuretic Agents Antidiuretic Effect - Related but not ... Antidiuretic Agents - Preferred Concept UI. M0472145. Scope note. Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, most notably the ... note entry term ANTIDIURETIC EFFECT: use only for the antidiuretic effect of a chemical substance. ...
Natriuretic Agents [D27.505.696.560] * Antidiuretic Agents [D27.505.696.560.249] * Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists [ ... Anti-Diuretic Agents Antidiuretic Effect Antidiuretic Effects Registry Number. 0. NLM Classification #. QV 160. Previous ... Antidiuretic Agents Preferred Concept UI. M0472145. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, ... note entry term ANTIDIURETIC EFFECT: use only for the antidiuretic effect of a chemical substance. Scope Note. Agents that ...
... and other agents that stem this fluid loss when it is excessive (anti-diuretic hormone). Just as there is a need for nutrients ... A new approach is now being explored: how to enrich our food with antioxidant and protective agents. The simpler approach is to ... There are agents that cause fluid loss from the kidneys (diuresis) ... DIRTY SHOTS: DNA contamination and cancer-causing agent SV40 found in mRNA vaccines ...
One mL (0.1 mg) of intranasal desmopressin acetate has an antidiuretic activity of about 400 IU; 10 μg of desmopressin acetate ... use of large doses of intranasal desmopressin acetate with other pressor agents should only be done with careful patient ... As a result, intranasal desmopressin acetate provides a prompt onset of antidiuretic action with a long duration after each ... 3. Desmopressin acetate administered intranasally has an antidiuretic effect about one-tenth that of an equivalent dose ...
... and medical treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) are reviewed. SIADH is a ... and some antineoplastic agents. Diagnosis of SIADH is confirmed by demonstration of a high urine osmolality with a low plasma ... Management of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone B J Kinzie. Clin Pharm. 1987 Aug. ... Management of the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone B J Kinzie 1 ...
In most patients, doses of 0.1 mg to 0.2 mg produced optimal antidiuretic effects lasting up to eight hours. With doses of 0.4 ... large doses of desmopressin acetate tablets should be used with other pressor agents only with careful patient monitoring. The ... Consequently, clinically effective antidiuretic doses are usually below the threshold for effects on vascular or visceral ... Following administration of desmopressin acetate tablets, the onset of antidiuretic effect occurs at around 1 hour, and it ...
The most common agents associated with secretion of anti-diuretic hormone are vinca alkaloids, platinum compounds, and ... Certain antineoplastic agents have been associated with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone-induced ... alkylating agents. We report a case of secretion of anti-diuretic hormone associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. ... Tyrosine kinase inhibitor-associated syndrome of inappropriate secretion of anti-diuretic hormone. Hill, Jordan; Shields, Jenna ...
In most patients, doses of 0.1 mg to 0.2 mg produced optimal antidiuretic effects lasting up to eight hours. With doses of 0.4 ... large doses of desmopressin acetate tablets should be used with other pressor agents only with careful patient monitoring. The ... Consequently, clinically effective antidiuretic doses are usually below the threshold for effects on vascular or visceral ... Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic analogue of the natural pituitary hormone 8-arginine vasopressin (ADH), is an antidiuretic ...
Oxytocin varies from the antidiuretic hormonal agent in 2 of the 9 amino acids. ...
Antidiuretic Agents UI - D050034 MN - D27.505.696.560.249 MS - Agents that reduce the excretion of URINE, most notably the ... This includes the malevolent use of nerve agents, blood agents, blister agents, and choking agents (NOXAE). HN - 2006 MH - ... HN - 2006 (1981) MH - Fibrin Modulating Agents UI - D050299 MN - D27.505.519.421 MS - Agents that affect the function of FIBRIN ... HN - 2006; use ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS 1988-2005 MH - Antiperspirants UI - D051520 MN - D27.720.269.189 MS - Agents that are put ...
Indomethacin To relieve the Other nonsteroidal pain and anti-inflammatory inflammation of agents cause less rheumatoid toxic ... antidiuretic hormone secretion. Propoxyphene To relieve mild to Other analgesic moderate pain medications are more effective ... arthritis Phenylbutazone To relieve the Other nonsteroidal pain and anti-inflammatory inflammation of agents cause less ...
Vasoconstrictor Agents. Vasoconstrictores. Vasoconstritores. Vasoconstricteurs. vasoconstrictores. Antidiuretic Agents. ... Antidiuretic Hormone Antidiuretic Hormones Hormone, Antidiuretic beta Hypophamine beta-Hypophamine Pitressin - Narrower Concept ... Antidiuretic Hormone. Antidiuretic Hormones. Hormone, Antidiuretic. Pitressin. Vasopressin. Vasopressin (USP). beta Hypophamine ... Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water ...
In most patients, doses of 0.1 mg to 0.2 mg produced optimal antidiuretic effects lasting up to eight hours. With doses of 0.4 ... large doses of DDAVP Tablets should be used with other pressor agents only with careful patient monitoring. The concomitant ... Consequently, clinically effective antidiuretic doses are usually below the threshold for effects on vascular or visceral ... Following administration of DDAVP Tablets, the onset of antidiuretic effect occurs at around 1 hour, and it reaches a maximum ...
N0000000103 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors N0000000212 Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors N0000020024 Sclerosing Agent ... N0000020023 Antibody Surface Protein Interactions N0000010226 Antibody Target Interactions N0000009945 Antidiuretic Hormone ... GABA B Antagonists N0000000251 GABA B Modulators N0000000204 GABA B Receptor Interactions N0000000075 GI Bulking Agents ... K Epoxide Reductase Inhibitors N0000020067 Voltage-gated Calcium Channel Receptor Antagonist N0000010258 X-Ray Contrast Agent ...
7.3 Ganglionic Blocking Agents. Use with ganglionic blocking agents may increase the effect of Vasostrict ® on mean arterial ... At lower concentrations typical for the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin inhibits water diuresis via renal V 2 receptors. ... 7.3 Ganglionic Blocking Agents 7.4 Furosemide 7.5 Drugs Suspected of Causing SIADH 7.6 Drugs Suspected of Causing Diabetes ... The ganglionic blocking agent tetra-ethylammonium increases the pressor effect of vasopressin by 20% in healthy subjects [see ...
12). Puerarin continues to be utilized as BMS-790052 small molecule kinase inhibitor an antidiuretic broadly, antipyretic and ... Puerarin, like a book oncotherapeutic agent, might exert anticancer results and. Puerarin, like a book oncotherapeutic agent, ...
Anti-Diuretic Agents See Antidiuretic Agents Anti-DNA Antibodies See Antibodies, Antinuclear ...
Use with ganglionic blocking agents may increase the effect of Vasostrict® on mean arterial blood pressure. Hemodynamic ... may increase pressor effect in addition to antidiuretic effect of drug; hemodynamic monitoring is recommended; adjust dose of ...
The real surprise was the high prevalence of B. microti, the causative agent of babesiosis. B. microti was present in 17% of ... Holst FG, Hemmer CJ, Kern P, Dietrich M. Inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone and hyponatremia in severe falciparum ...
ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT 35420 ANTIDIABETIC AGENT 35430 ANTIEMETIC AGENT 35440 ANTIFLATULENT AGENT 35445 ANTIFUNGAL AGENT 35450 ... Antidiuretics 1039 Relaxants/Stimulants, Uterine 1040 Contraceptives 1041 Infertility 1042 Growth Hormone Secretion Disorder ... ANTILIPEMIC AGENT 35480 ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT 35483 ANTIOBESITY AGENT 35495 ANTIPYRETIC AGENT 35500 ANTITHYROID AGENT 35530 ... Metabolic and nutrient agents, 10 = Hormones and agents affecting hormonal mechanisms, 11 = Immunologic agents, 12 = Skin/ ...
Is it more commonly associated with certain anesthetic agents? ... Presumed causative agent. Start of presumed causative agent to ... classified into either central or nephrogenic dysfunction with either decreased release or ineffective response to antidiuretic ... Table 1. Reported Cases in the Literature of DI and Polyuria Related to an Anesthetic Agents First author. Patient (age/gender) ... To our knowledge, there has not been a review evaluating DI associated with anesthetic agents. Due to the serious complications ...
Second-generation antipsychotic agents (SGAs, TABLE 1), also referred to as atypical antipsychotics, are widely used in... ... This was most frequently required with clozapine and conventional agents, and least frequently with quetiapine. Noteworthy is ... Regarding further caution in the elderly, antipsychotics may exacerbate or cause syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ... of elderly patients taking an antipsychotic agent, and drug-induced parkinsonism can persist for 6 to 9 months after the agent ...
A description of an agent that kills bacteria.. Bacteriostatic. A description of an agent that stops the growth (reproduction) ... Antidiuretic Hormone. A hormone produced by the pituitary gland that reduces the production of urine in the kidneys and ... An animal could have immunity to one agent, such as parvovirus, but not have immunity to another agent, such as rabies. ... An agent that enhances the action of another.. Synovial. Pertaining to a joint made up of bone ends covered with cartilage, ...

No FAQ available that match "antidiuretic agents"