AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth CareGeographicals
Antibody-Dependent EnhancementAntibody-Dependent Cell CytotoxicityAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodiesImmunoglobulin GKiller Cells, NaturalCytotoxicity, ImmunologicAntibody SpecificityDengue VirusDengueAntibodies, BispecificSevere DengueAntibodies, ViralReceptors, IgGImmune System DiseasesBone Marrow CellsErythrocytesAntibody FormationMice, Inbred C57BLFeline Infectious PeritonitisCoronavirus, FelineInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeCamptothecaInfluenza A virusMembrane FusionCross ProtectionCubaEnvironmental Policy
Antibody-Dependent Enhancement
Enhancement of viral infectivity caused by non-neutralizing antibodies. There are at least two mechanisms known to account for this: mediation by Fc receptors (RECEPTORS, FC) or by complement receptors (RECEPTORS, COMPLEMENT). Either the virus is complexed with antiviral IMMUNOGLOBULIN G and binds to Fc receptors, or virus is coated with antiviral IMMUNOGLOBULIN M and binds to complement receptors.
Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity
The phenomenon of antibody-mediated target cell destruction by non-sensitized effector cells. The identity of the target cell varies, but it must possess surface IMMUNOGLOBULIN G whose Fc portion is intact. The effector cell is a "killer" cell possessing Fc receptors. It may be a lymphocyte lacking conventional B- or T-cell markers, or a monocyte, macrophage, or polynuclear leukocyte, depending on the identity of the target cell. The reaction is complement-independent.
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.
Antibodies
Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).
Immunoglobulin G
The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.
Killer Cells, Natural
Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.
Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.
Antibody Specificity
The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.
Dengue Virus
A species of the genus FLAVIVIRUS which causes an acute febrile and sometimes hemorrhagic disease in man. Dengue is mosquito-borne and four serotypes are known.
Dengue
An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.
Antibodies, Bispecific
Antibodies, often monoclonal, in which the two antigen-binding sites are specific for separate ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS. They are artificial antibodies produced by chemical crosslinking, fusion of HYBRIDOMA cells, or by molecular genetic techniques. They function as the main mediators of targeted cellular cytotoxicity and have been shown to be efficient in the targeting of drugs, toxins, radiolabeled haptens, and effector cells to diseased tissue, primarily tumors.
Severe Dengue
A virulent form of dengue characterized by THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g., TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.
Antibodies, Viral
Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.
Receptors, IgG
Specific molecular sites on the surface of various cells, including B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that combine with IMMUNOGLOBULIN Gs. Three subclasses exist: Fc gamma RI (the CD64 antigen, a low affinity receptor), Fc gamma RII (the CD32 antigen, a high affinity receptor), and Fc gamma RIII (the CD16 antigen, a low affinity receptor).
Immune System Diseases
Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.
Bone Marrow Cells
Cells contained in the bone marrow including fat cells (see ADIPOCYTES); STROMAL CELLS; MEGAKARYOCYTES; and the immediate precursors of most blood cells.
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.
Antibody Formation
The production of ANTIBODIES by proliferating and differentiated B-LYMPHOCYTES under stimulation by ANTIGENS.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
Common coronavirus infection of cats caused by the feline infectious peritonitis virus (CORONAVIRUS, FELINE). The disease is characterized by a long incubation period, fever, depression, loss of appetite, wasting, and progressive abdominal enlargement. Infection of cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage appears to be essential in FIP pathogenesis.
Coronavirus, Feline
A species of CORONAVIRUS infecting cats of all ages and commonly found in catteries and zoos. Cats are often found carrying the virus but only a small proportion develop disease. Feline coronavirus and Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) are virtually the same virus in genetic and antigenetic terms, and are morphologically indistinguishable. Since they only differ in their disease potential (with FIPV causing a more serious illness), they are considered biotypes of each other.
Influenza Vaccines
Vaccines used to prevent infection by viruses in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. It includes both killed and attenuated vaccines. The composition of the vaccines is changed each year in response to antigenic shifts and changes in prevalence of influenza virus strains. The vaccine is usually bivalent or trivalent, containing one or two INFLUENZAVIRUS A strains and one INFLUENZAVIRUS B strain.
Influenza, Human
An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.
Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
A subtype of INFLUENZA A VIRUS with the surface proteins hemagglutinin 1 and neuraminidase 1. The H1N1 subtype was responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918.
Camptotheca
A plant genus of the family NYSSACEAE (sometimes classified in the CORNACEAE family). It is a source of CAMPTOTHECIN.
Influenza A virus
The type species of the genus INFLUENZAVIRUS A that causes influenza and other diseases in humans and animals. Antigenic variation occurs frequently between strains, allowing classification into subtypes and variants. Transmission is usually by aerosol (human and most non-aquatic hosts) or waterborne (ducks). Infected birds shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, and feces.
Membrane Fusion
The adherence and merging of cell membranes, intracellular membranes, or artificial membranes to each other or to viruses, parasites, or interstitial particles through a variety of chemical and physical processes.
Cross Protection
Protection conferred on a host by inoculation with one strain or component of a microorganism that prevents infection when later challenged with a similar strain. Most commonly the microorganism is a virus.
Cuba
An island in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies, south of Florida. With the adjacent islands it forms the Republic of Cuba. Its capital is Havana. It was discovered by Columbus on his first voyage in 1492 and conquered by Spain in 1511. It has a varied history under Spain, Great Britain, and the United States but has been independent since 1902. The name Cuba is said to be an Indian name of unknown origin but the language that gave the name is extinct, so the etymology is a conjecture. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p302 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p132)
Environmental Policy
A course of action or principle adopted or proposed by a government, party, business, or individual that concerns human interactions with nature and natural resources.

In vitro antibody-dependent enhancement assays are insensitive indicators of in vivo vaccine enhancement of equine infectious anemia virus. (1/83)

We have previously demonstrated a high propensity for enhancement of virus replication and disease resulting from experimental immunization of ponies with a baculovirus recombinant envelope (rgp90) vaccine from equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV). The current studies were undertaken to examine the correlation between the observed in vivo vaccine enhancement and in vitro assays for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of EIAV replication. Toward this goal an optimized EIAV in vitro enhancement assay was developed using primary equine macrophage cells and used to evaluate the enhancement properties of immune serum taken from rgp90 immunized ponies that displayed various levels of vaccine enhancement after experimental challenge with EIAV. For comparison, we analyzed in parallel immune serum samples from a group of ponies immunized with a viral envelope subunit vaccine (LL-gp) that produced sterile protection from EIAV challenge. The results of these assays demonstrated that the rgp90 immune serum had a greater propensity for in vitro enhancement of EIAV replication than serum from the protected LL-gp immunized ponies; in vitro enhancement levels for the rgp90 immune sera averaged about 1.5, with a maximum enhancement value of about 2.0. While distinguishing between immune serum produced by the rgp90 and LL-gp immunizations, the in vitro enhancement assay failed to reliably correlate with the severity of in vivo enhancement observed among the rgp90 vaccine recipients. Vaccinated ponies that experienced moderate to no disease signs displayed levels of in vitro enhancement similar to those of ponies that experienced severe and fatal enhancement of disease after viral challenge. The observed in vitro enhancement was demonstrated to be dependent on serum immunoglobulin, but independent of complement. These studies demonstrate in the EIAV system that in vitro ADE assays appear to be relatively insensitive indicators of the severity of in vivo enhancement and that relatively low levels of in vitro ADE can be associated with severe to fatal enhancement of virus replication and disease in vivo. These observations suggest that relatively low levels of serum ADE observed in other lentivirus systems, including HIV-1, may have more profound effects on in vivo virus replication and disease than previously recognized.  (+info)

Infection of human cells by dengue virus is modulated by different cell types and viral strains. (2/83)

Although prior studies have investigated cellular infection by dengue virus (DV), many have used highly passaged strains. We have reassessed cellular infection by DV type 2 (DV2) using prototype and low-passage isolates representing genotypes from different geographic areas. We observed marked variation in the susceptibility to infection among cell types by different DV2 strains. HepG2 hepatoma cells were susceptible to infection by all DV2 strains assayed. Although the prototype strain generated higher titers of secreted virus than the low-passage isolates, this difference did not correspond to positive- or negative-strand viral RNA levels and thus may reflect variation in efficiency among DV2 isolates to translate viral proteins or package and/or secrete virus. In contrast, human foreskin fibroblasts were susceptible to the prototype and low-passage Thai isolates but not to five Nicaraguan strains tested, as reflected by the absence of accumulation of negative-strand viral RNA, viral antigen, and infectious virus. A similar pattern was observed with the antibody-dependent pathway of infection. U937 and THP-1 myeloid cells and peripheral blood monocytes were infected in the presence of enhancing antibodies by the prototype strain but not by low-passage Nicaraguan isolates. Again, the barrier appeared to be prior to negative-strand accumulation. Thus, depending on the cell type and viral isolate, blocks that limit the production of infectious virus in vitro may occur at distinct steps in the pathway of cellular infection.  (+info)

Specific ablation of antiviral gene expression in macrophages by antibody-dependent enhancement of Ross River virus infection. (3/83)

Ross River virus (RRV) is an indigenous Australian arthropod-borne alphavirus responsible for epidemic polyarthritis (EPA), myalgia, and lethargy in humans. Macrophages and monocytes have been associated with human RRV disease, and previous studies have shown that RRV is capable of infecting macrophages via both a natural virus receptor and by Fc receptor-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Similar to other viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus and dengue virus, ADE infection results in dramatic RRV growth increases for in vitro macrophage cultures. This study demonstrates that RRV could resist lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced antiviral activity in macrophage cultures when infection was via the ADE pathway. Investigation of this infection pathway found that RRV was able to suppress the transcription and translation of key antiviral genes (tumor necrosis factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase) in LPS-stimulated macrophages by disrupting the transcription into mRNA of the genes coding for the associated transcription factors IRF-1 and NF-kappaB. The transcription of non-antiviral control genes was not perturbed by RRV-ADE infection, and de novo protein synthesis also was not significantly affected in RRV-ADE infected cells. The ADE pathway of infection allowed RRV to specifically target antiviral genes in macrophages, resulting in unrestricted virus replication. As ADE has been observed for several virus families and associated with disease and adverse vaccination outcomes, these findings may have broad relevance to viral disease formation and antiviral vaccination strategies.  (+info)

Infectivity-enhancing antibodies to Ebola virus glycoprotein. (4/83)

Ebola virus causes severe hemorrhagic fever in primates, resulting in mortality rates of up to 100%, yet there are no satisfactory biologic explanations for this extreme virulence. Here we show that antisera produced by DNA immunization with a plasmid encoding the surface glycoprotein (GP) of the Zaire strain of Ebola virus enhances the infectivity of vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with the GP. Substantially weaker enhancement was observed with antiserum to the GP of the Reston strain, which is much less pathogenic in humans than the Ebola Zaire and Sudan viruses. The enhancing activity was abolished by heat but was increased in the presence of complement system inhibitors, suggesting that heat-labile factors other than the complement system are required for this effect. We also generated an anti-Zaire GP monoclonal antibody that enhanced viral infectivity and another that neutralized it, indicating the presence of distinct epitopes for these properties. Our findings suggest that antibody-dependent enhancement of infectivity may account for the extreme virulence of the virus. They also raise issues about the development of Ebola virus vaccines and the use of passive prophylaxis or therapy with Ebola virus GP antibodies.  (+info)

Enhancement of adenovirus vector entry into CD70-positive B-cell Lines by using a bispecific CD70-adenovirus fiber antibody. (5/83)

Although many recombinant adenovirus vectors (rAd) have been developed, especially by using group C adenoviruses, to transfer and express genes, such rAd do not readily infect B-cell lines due to the lack of the coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor. Bispecific antibodies have been used in different cell systems to facilitate entry of rAd into otherwise nonpermissive cells. Bispecific antibody is synthesized by covalently linking two monoclonal antibodies with distinct specificities. It has been shown that lymphoproliferative tumors commonly express the cell surface protein CD70, while this receptor is normally expressed on only a small subset of highly activated B cells and T cells. We therefore investigated whether a bispecific antibody with specificities for the adenovirus fiber protein and CD70 can facilitate rAd entry and subsequent expression of rAd-encoded genes in CD70-positive B cells. We found high CD70 expression on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs), as well as some, but not all, Burkitt lymphoma (BL) lines. We show here that rAd encoding green fluorescent protein (Ad-GFP) infects EBV-transformed LCLs and a CD70-positive BL line 10- to 20-fold more efficiently in the presence of the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody. In contrast, the bispecific antibody does not enhance Ad-GFP infection in CD70-deficient BL cells. Using the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody, we increased the ability of rAd vectors encoding the EBV immediate-early proteins BZLF1 and BRLF1 to induce the lytic form of EBV infection in LCLs. These results indicate that the CD70-fiber bispecific antibody can enhance rAd infection of CD70-positive B cells and suggest the use of this vector to explore EBV-positive LCLs.  (+info)

Antibody-dependent enhancement of coxsackievirus B4 infectivity of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells results in increased interferon-alpha synthesis. (6/83)

IgG devoid of neutralizing activity and isolated from donor plasma by chromatography formed immune complexes with coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) and significantly increased the infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with CVB4. The major host cells for CVB4 infection enhanced with IgG are monocytic CD14+ cells. The roles of CVB and adenovirus receptor and Fcgamma receptor II and III have been shown. Increased viral replication and the release of infectious particles were demonstrated when interferon (IFN)-alpha produced by infected cells was first neutralized by use of antibodies. The CVB4 IgG-induced synthesis of IFN-alpha by monocytes reflected entry and uncoating of CVB4 but not of viral replication and required the presence of CVB4 RNA inside the cells. Thus, CVB4 can infect monocytes by an antibody-dependent mechanism through interactions between the virus, antiviral antibodies, and specific receptors that result in IFN-alpha production.  (+info)

Enhancement of coxsackievirus B3 infection by antibody to a different coxsackievirus strain. (7/83)

Group B coxsackieviruses (CVBs) are a major cause of viral myocarditis and pancreatitis in humans and produce a similar pattern of disease in inbred strains of mice. As there are six strains of CVBs, individuals can be infected with multiple serotypes. This raises the possibility of antibody enhancement of infectivity (AEI) by cross-reactive but non-neutralizing antibody to a different strain from a prior infection. To determine whether AEI plays a role in coxsackievirus pathogenesis, an in vitro system using the murine macrophage cell line J774.1 was tested for enhanced infection when incubated with CVB3 plus anti-CVB2 antibody. Yields of virus were found to increase by 10-50-fold and the percentage of infected cells increased proportionately. The effect was Fc-mediated as F(ab')2 fragments of the antibody could not mediate the effect. To determine whether AEI could also be demonstrated in vivo CVB3 was injected into 5-week-old mice together with mouse polyclonal anti-CVB2. Controls included mice injected with PBS or CVB3 alone. Results showed that the titres of virus in tissues of animals injected with virus plus antibody were 1-2 logs higher than when virus was injected alone. This was accompanied by greater histopathological damage, particularly in the heart. These results have implications for human disease as infection with multiple strains likely occurs during the lifetime of an individual.  (+info)

Complement-mediated enhancement of antibody function for neutralization of pseudotype virus containing hepatitis C virus E2 chimeric glycoprotein. (8/83)

We previously reported a number of features of hepatitis C virus (HCV) chimeric glycoproteins related to pseudotype virus entry into mammalian cells. In this study, pseudotype virus was neutralized by HCV E2 glycoprotein-specific antibodies and infected human sera. Neutralization (50% reduction of pseudotype virus plaque formation) was observed with two human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) at concentrations of between 2.5 and 10 microg/ml. A hyperimmune rabbit antiserum to an E2 hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) mimotope also exhibited an HCV E2 pseudotype virus neutralization titer of approximately 1/50. An E1 pseudotype virus used as a negative control was not neutralized to a significant level (<1/10) by these MAbs or rabbit antiserum to E2 HVR1. Since HCV probably has a lipid envelope, the role of complement in antibody-mediated virus neutralization was examined. Significant increases in the neutralization titers of the human MAbs (approximately 60- to 160-fold higher) and rabbit antiserum to HVR1 mimotopes (approximately 10-fold higher) were observed upon addition of guinea pig complement. Further, these studies suggested that complement activation occurred primarily by the classical pathway, since a deficiency in the C4 component led to a significant decrease in the level of virus neutralization. This same decrease was not observed with factor B-deficient complement. We also determined that 9 of 56 HCV-infected patient sera (16%) had detectable pseudotype virus neutralization activity at serum dilutions of between 1/20 and 1/50 and that complement addition enhanced the neutralization activity of some of the HCV-infected human sera. Taken together, these results suggest that during infection, HCV E2 glycoprotein induces a weak neutralizing antibody response, that those antibodies can be measured in vitro by the surrogate pseudotype virus plaque reduction assay, and that neutralization function can be augmented by complement.  (+info)

MGCD-265 | Vitamin D-response element in the rat calcidiolMGCD-265 | Vitamin D-response element in the rat calcidiol
Background Improvement in dengue vaccine development has been hampered by limited understanding of protective immunity against dengue disease infection. samples (75%, 60/80) shown DENV neutralizing activity (PRNT5010) and infection-enhancing activity. Eleven of 18 serum samples from individuals with acute secondary DENV infection shown neutralizing activity to the infecting serotype determined by using FcR-negative BHK cells (PRNT5010), but not when determined by using FcR-expressing cells. Summary Human serum samples with low neutralizing activity determined by using FcR-negative cells showed DENV infection-enhancing activity using FcR-expressing cells, whereas those with high neutralizing activity determined by using FcR-negative cells demonstrate low or no infection-enhancing activity using FcR-expressing cells. The results suggest an inverse relationship between neutralizing antibody titer and infection-enhancing activity, which neutralizing activity dependant on using FcR-expressing cells, ...
http://calcitetrol.info/tag/mgcd-265/
Antibody-dependent enhancement - WikipediaAntibody-dependent enhancement - Wikipedia
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when non-neutralising antiviral proteins facilitate virus entry into host cells, leading to increased infectivity in the cells. Some cells do not have the usual receptors on their surfaces that viruses use to gain entry. The antiviral proteins (i.e., the antibodies) bind to antibody Fc receptors that some of these cells have in the plasma membrane. The viruses bind to the antigen binding site at the other end of the antibody. ADE is common in cells cultured in the laboratory, but rarely occurs in vivo except for dengue virus. This virus can use this mechanism to infect human macrophages, causing a normally mild viral infection to become life-threatening. The most widely known example of ADE occurs in the setting of infection with the dengue virus (DENV). DENV is a single-stranded positive-polarity RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family. It causes a disease of varying severity in humans, from dengue fever (DF), which is usually self-limited, to dengue ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody-dependent_enhancement
Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR...Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR...
Read Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR-expressing BHK cells, Archives of Virology on DeepDyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips.
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/determination-of-antibody-concentration-as-the-main-parameter-in-a-6VUO89P8As
Manipulation of immunodominant dengue virus E protein epitopes reduces potential antibody-dependent enhancement | Virology...Manipulation of immunodominant dengue virus E protein epitopes reduces potential antibody-dependent enhancement | Virology...
DENV infection elicits primarily a poor quality immune response directing a high proportion of antibody against non-protective, potentially pathogenic epitopes and only a small proportion against potently neutralizing and protective epitopes. In this report we have shown the manipulation of these potentially pathogenic epitopes as a vaccine strategy [41] that can reduce ADE in vitro and in vivo. Immunization of mice demonstrated that knocking out immunodominant cross-reactive epitopes in the EDIIFP and EDIII did not significantly effect DENV-2 neutralization, however the removal of these epitopes dramatically altered the vaccine induced antibody repertoire and sera from vaccinated mice shows reduced ADE in vitro and reduced lethal enhancement of DENV in vivo. Such a strategy could be applicable to other DENV vaccine formats, however, it might not be applicable to DENV live-attenuated vaccines because mutations in the EDIIFP can be lethal [42].. Our findings demonstrate that by introducing ...
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-9-115
A prospective nested case-control study of Dengue in infants: rethinking and refining the antibody-dependent enhancement dengue...A prospective nested case-control study of Dengue in infants: rethinking and refining the antibody-dependent enhancement dengue...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19859541?dopt=Abstract
west nile virus Protocols and Video...west nile virus Protocols and Video...
Video articles in JoVE about west nile virus include In Vitro Analysis of Myd88-mediated Cellular Immune Response to West Nile Virus Mutant Strain Infection, Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses, Genome-Wide RNAi Screening to Identify Host Factors That Modulate Oncolytic Virus Therapy, Detection of Infectious Virus from Field-collected Mosquitoes by Vero Cell Culture Assay, Efficient Agroinfiltration of Plants for High-level Transient Expression of Recombinant Proteins, Isolation of Fidelity Variants of RNA Viruses and Characterization of Virus Mutation Frequency, Rescue and Characterization of Recombinant Virus from a New World Zika Virus Infectious Clone, A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus Convalescent Serum, Early Viral Entry Assays for the Identification and Evaluation of Antiviral Compounds, High-throughput Screening for
https://www.jove.com/keyword/west+nile+virus
Betomania Betrug Fundamentals ExplainedBetomania Betrug Fundamentals Explained
Immunopathogenesis of Intense Dengue in Secondary Infections.The kinetics of viremia inside of a individual with secondary dengue, the timing of typical difficulties, and achievable mechanistic results in are proven. Early in secondary an infection (or Most important infection of infants), antibody-dependent enhancement is assumed to boost in vivo concentrations of virus.17 Antibody-dependent improvement is associated with the existence of non-neutralizing or subneutralizing levels of dengue virus-reactive IgG induced by a Principal an infection, or obtained passively in newborns. A large infected cell mass leads to elevated concentrations of acute-period reaction proteins, cytokines, and chemokines; technology of immune complexes; and use of enhance and launch of break up products. The activation, proliferation, and secretion of cytokines in tissues by memory T lymphocytes recognizing conserved and altered peptide ligands are postulated to incorporate on the inflammatory milieu throughout ...
http://damienwxvtp.timeblog.net/1653569/betomania-betrug-fundamentals-explained
Moxifloxacin HCl cell signalingMoxifloxacin HCl cell signaling
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) has been proposed as a mechanism to explain dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in the course of a secondary dengue infection. roles in virus attachment to cells and fusion with membranes, and is the major target for neutralizing antibody. It contains the main epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies (virus-particular and cross-reactive epitopes) [5,6]. This proteins offers three structural and practical domains: domain II provides the inner fusion peptide (in charge of the fusion of flaviviruses with their target cellular material) and domain III the cellular receptor-binding motifs [7,8]. Domains I and III consist of predominantly subcomplex- and type-particular epitopes, whereas domain II provides the main flavivirus group and subgroup cross-reactive epitopes [9C11]. M protein could be within two forms. In cell-connected (immature) virions, prM (the precursor of M proteins) is noticed, which forms a heterodimer with the Electronic protein (prM-Electronic ...
http://www.aboutsciencenow.info/index.php/tag/moxifloxacin-hcl-cell-signaling/
Fc receptor - WikipediaFc receptor - Wikipedia
An Fc receptor is a protein found on the surface of certain cells - including, among others, B lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, human platelets, and mast cells - that contribute to the protective functions of the immune system. Its name is derived from its binding specificity for a part of an antibody known as the Fc (Fragment, crystallizable) region. Fc receptors bind to antibodies that are attached to infected cells or invading pathogens. Their activity stimulates phagocytic or cytotoxic cells to destroy microbes, or infected cells by antibody-mediated phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Some viruses such as flaviviruses use Fc receptors to help them infect cells, by a mechanism known as antibody-dependent enhancement of infection. There are several different types of Fc receptors (abbreviated FcR), which are classified based on the type of antibody that they recognize. The Latin letter ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fc_receptor
The Fc and not CD4 receptor mediates antibody enhancement of HIV infection in human cells | ScienceThe Fc and not CD4 receptor mediates antibody enhancement of HIV infection in human cells | Science
Antibodies that enhance human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infectivity have been found in the blood of infected individuals and in infected or immunized animals. These findings raise serious concern for the development of a safe vaccine against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. To address the in vivo relevance and mechanism of this phenomenon, antibody-dependent enhancement of HIV infectivity in peripheral blood macrophages, lymphocytes, and human fibroblastoid cells was studied. Neither Leu3a, a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD4 receptor, nor soluble recombinant CD4 even at high concentrations prevented this enhancement. The addition of monoclonal antibody to the Fc receptor III (anti-FcRIII), but not of antibodies that react with FcRI or FcRII, inhibited HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 enhancement in peripheral blood macrophages. Although enhancement of HIV infection in CD4+ lymphocytes could not be blocked by anti-FcRIII, it was inhibited by the addition of human immunoglobulin G ...
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/244/4910/1357
Scientific Program Day 1Scientific Program Day 1
Live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) are reputed to be the most cost-effective tools for controlling epidemics. With increasing disease outbreaks caused by virus infections, vaccines will have to be delivered to both adults and children, who may have pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies due to previous exposure with an antigenically related virus strain. We and others have shown in vitro that cross-reactive antibodies can improve vaccine efficacy by enhancing LAV infection in Fc gamma-receptor (FcgR) expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs), a process known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). However, the relevance and occurrence of ADE has yet to be demonstrated clinically. We conducted an open-label trial where subjects are sequentially immunized with the inactivated Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccine (Ixiaro®) followed by a live-attenuated yellow fever (YF) vaccine (Stamaril®). To generate a range of cross-reactive antibodies concentrations, subjects were divided into 3 groups, where ...
https://syntheticbiology.conferenceseries.com/asiapacific/2017/scientific-program.php?day=1&sid=4006&date=2017-11-09
JoVE Author Search: Isern SJoVE Author Search: Isern S
Antibodies, Antibody-dependent Enhancement, Concentrations, Dengue, Dengue Virus, Disease, Epitopes, Fc Receptor, Glycoprotein, Histories, Human, Infection, Inhibition, Liposome, Monoclonal Antibodies, Mosquito, Mutations, Patients, Proteins, Therapeutic
http://labindex.jove.com/author/Isern-S
OpenEmory | Search ResultsOpenEmory | Search Results
Therapies to prevent maternal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection and its subsequent fetal developmental complications are urgently required. We isolated three potent ZIKV-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) from the plasmablasts of a ZIKV-infected patient-SMZAb1, SMZAb2, and SMZAb5-directed against two different domains of the virus. We engineered these nmAbs with Fc LALA mutations that abrogate Fcg receptor binding, thus eliminating potential therapy-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement. We administered a cocktail of these three nmAbs to nonhuman primates 1 day before challenge with ZIKV and demonstrated that the nmAbs completely prevented viremia in serum after challenge. Given that numerous antibodies have exceptional safety profiles in humans, the cocktail described here could be rapidly developed to protect uninfected pregnant women and their fetuses ...
https://open.library.emory.edu/publications/search/?department=Infectious+Disease&keywords=vaccin&keywords=rhesus&subject=Biology%2C+Cell&author=Chahroudi%2C+Ann&keywords=research
Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced antiviral transcription factor (STAT1 and NF-kB) complexes by antibody-dependent...Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced antiviral transcription factor (STAT1 and NF-kB) complexes by antibody-dependent...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced antiviral transcription factor (STAT1 and NF-kB) complexes by antibody-dependent enhancement of macrophage infection by Ross River virus. AU - Mahalingam, Surendran. AU - Lidbury, Brett. PY - 2002. Y1 - 2002. N2 - Subneutralizing concentrations of antibody may enhance virus infection by bringing the virus-antibody complex into contact with the cell surface Fc receptors; this interaction facilitates entry of virus into the cell and is referred to as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection. Northern analysis of macrophage RNA demonstrated that ADE infection by the indigenous Australian alphavirus Ross River (RRV-ADE) ablated or diminished message for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), nitric-oxide synthase 2 (NOS2), and IFN regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1), as well as for IFN-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and IFN-beta; the transcription of a control gene was unaffected. Additionally, electrophoretic mobility-shift assay (EMSA) ...
https://researchprofiles.canberra.edu.au/en/publications/suppression-of-lipopolysaccharide-induced-antiviral-transcription
Calcium‐dependent enhancement by carbachol of the VIP‐induced cyclic AMP accumulation in cat submandibular gland<...Calcium‐dependent enhancement by carbachol of the VIP‐induced cyclic AMP accumulation in cat submandibular gland<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Calcium‐dependent enhancement by carbachol of the VIP‐induced cyclic AMP accumulation in cat submandibular gland. AU - ENYEDI, PETER. AU - FREDHOLM, BERTIL B.. PY - 1984/4. Y1 - 1984/4. N2 - The interaction of two coexisting transmitters in the cat submandibular gland has been elucidated by studying effects of VIP and carbachol on cyclic AMP accumulation in isolated acini from the gland. Carbachol was found to potentiate the cyclic AMP increase induced by VIP by an atropine sensitive mechanism. The effect of carbachol on cyclic AMP accumulation was abolished by including EGTA in the incubation medium as was the carbachol mediated potentiation of VIP responses. The calmodulin inhibitor trifluoperazine had a similar, but less marked effect. The effect of carbachol was mimicked by phenylephrine (30 μM) and by the calcium inophore A 23187 (3 μM), and also by ethanol in a concentration reported to enhance membrane fluidity. The phospholipase A2 inhibitor, mepacrine, tended to ...
https://hungary.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/calciumdependent-enhancement-by-carbachol-of-the-vipinduced-cycli
Absence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infectivity in the epidemic neuropathy in Cuba.Absence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infectivity in the epidemic neuropathy in Cuba.
대전광역시 유성구 대학로 245 한국과학기술정보연구원TEL : 042.869.1234 서울시 동대문구 회기로 66NDSL고객센터 : 080.969.4114E-mail : [email protected] 대표자 : 한선화사업자등록번호 : 205-82-04043 ...
http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/article/articleSearchResultDetail.do?cn=NART00103122
Community Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford MedicineCommunity Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford Medicine
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Studies in our lab are aimed at defining mechanisms in human immunity and disease. We are particularly interested the hypothesis that IgG repertoire diversity is a central driver of heterogeneity in human immune functioning and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Our work is defining how diversity that exists in the IgG Fc domain repertoire among people, which we define by serum IgG subclass and Fc glycoform distributions, impacts immune processes such as vaccine responses and susceptibility to antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue disease (Wang TT, Cell. 2015 and Wang TT, Science. 2017). IgG subclass and Fc glycoform distributions are key regulators of immunity because these determine the structure of Fc domains within immune complexes that form during vaccination or infection. Fc structure, in turn, determines the affinity of immune complexes for various Fc receptors on effector cells. Thus, we are studying how the Fc domain repertoire of an ...
https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/medicine/browse?name=w&org=school-of-medicine/medicine/infectious-diseases
Community Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford MedicineCommunity Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford Medicine
Current Research and Scholarly Interests Studies in our lab are aimed at defining mechanisms in human immunity and disease. We are particularly interested the hypothesis that IgG repertoire diversity is a central driver of heterogeneity in human immune functioning and susceptibility to infectious diseases. Our work is defining how diversity that exists in the IgG Fc domain repertoire among people, which we define by serum IgG subclass and Fc glycoform distributions, impacts immune processes such as vaccine responses and susceptibility to antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue disease (Wang TT, Cell. 2015 and Wang TT, Science. 2017). IgG subclass and Fc glycoform distributions are key regulators of immunity because these determine the structure of Fc domains within immune complexes that form during vaccination or infection. Fc structure, in turn, determines the affinity of immune complexes for various Fc receptors on effector cells. Thus, we are studying how the Fc domain repertoire of an ...
https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/pathology/browse?name=w&p=1&ps=50&org=school-of-medicine/medicine
Disease | Page 6 | GlobalDisease | Page 6 | Global
Brazilian soldiers last year led a battle against Zika in a door-to-door campaign about how to control mosquitoes that carry the disease. EVARISTO SA/AFP/GETTY IMAGES. CLICK HERE - Science - Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity. sciencemag.org - by Jon Cohen - March 30, 2017. Close relatives have complicated relationships with each other even in the viral world. A new mouse study shows that if the animals have antibodies from dengue or West Nile virus, it sets them up for more severe disease from their close cousin, Zika virus.. If such antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) also takes place in people, it could have helped fuel Zikas recent explosion in Brazil, where more than 90% of people in some communities have been infected with dengue. ADE could also complicate the development of vaccines for West Nile, dengue, and Zika. And with the onset of spring reigniting local transmission of Zika last week in the continental United States-where West Nile is ...
http://resiliencesystem.com/category/general-topic-tags/disease?page=5
grapes disease in humansgrapes disease in humans
In contrast, Hashimotos thyroiditis develops in chickens, rats, mice, dogs, and marmosets. More than 17 million mink are being culled and dumped in mass graves in Denmark today in a desperate bid to eradicate a mutated strain of coronavirus. Attempts to induce an immune response in mice to the luteinizing-hormone receptor suggested that autoantigen glycosylation was one parameter involved in breaking self-tolerance. Importance Graves disease is the most common cause of persistent hyperthyroidism in adults. A report by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases suggests that individuals with advanced chronic kidney disease and diabetes limit their intake of certain foods, including grapes . Goals / Objectives The morbidity and mortality associated with obesity is directly related to the increased risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, as well as the development of type II diabetes mellitus. Although suspected, such antibody-dependent enhancement of severe disease ...
https://adamgemili.com/wiki/archive.php?tag=4a565b-grapes-disease-in-humans
51Cr Release Assay of Antibody‐Dependent Cell‐Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) - Current Protocols51Cr Release Assay of Antibody‐Dependent Cell‐Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) - Current Protocols
Antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is an immunologic cytotoxic effector mechanism that is dependent on the cooperative interaction of humoral and cellular effector elements
http://www.currentprotocols.com/WileyCDA/CPUnit/refId-im0727.html
2019-1332019-133
Dengue virus infection is one of the most common mosquito-borne illnesses worldwide, with nearly four billion people living in at risk areas throughout the world. Reported cases to World Health Organization continue to rise exponentially with an estimated 50 - 100 million symptomatic cases, mostly in Asia. Most clinical cases present with a self-limited viral illness, but some experience life-threatening severe disease. Four serotypes of dengue virus exist; infection by one serotype confers long lasting homotypic immunity, but does not confer heterotypic immunity to another serotype. Subsequent infection from a different dengue serotype can lead to the development of severe dengue. Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection has been implicated in the development of severe disease. There have been various efforts to develop vaccines against dengue, including subunit vaccines that use only the viral envelope glycoprotein, or portions thereof. Those efforts are hampered by the ...
http://philsciletters.net/2019-133/
Activation of endothelial cells via antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection of peripheral blood monocytes. | Journal of...Activation of endothelial cells via antibody-enhanced dengue virus infection of peripheral blood monocytes. | Journal of...
Although endothelial cells have been speculated to be a target in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), there has been little evidence linking dengue virus infection to any alteration in endothelial cell function. In this study, we show that human umbilical vein endothelial cells become activated when exposed to culture fluids from dengue virus-infected peripheral blood monocytes. Maximum activation was achieved with culture fluids from monocytes in which virus infection was enhanced by the addition of dengue virus-immune serum, thus correlating with epidemiological evidence that prior immunity to dengue virus is a major risk factor for DHF. Activation was strongest for endothelial cell expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1. In contrast, activation of endothelial cell E-selectin expression appeared to be more transient, as indicated by its detection at 3 h, but not at 16 h, of treatment. Treatment of monocyte culture fluids with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antibody ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/71/6/4226
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Model may Need a RethinkDengue Hemorrhagic Fever Model may Need a Rethink
The dogma of the antibody-dependent enhancement model (ADE) for the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is being challenged by research published this week in PLoS Medicine.
http://www.medindia.net/news/Dengue-Hemorrhagic-Fever-Model-may-Need-a-Rethink-60067-1.htm
Modulation of GABAergic Signaling in Retinal Amacrine Cells - OpenThesisModulation of GABAergic Signaling in Retinal Amacrine Cells - OpenThesis
The intricate circuitry formed by amacrine cells in the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of the retina suggests that these interneurons play a major role in shaping the visual message. The majority of amacrine cells in the vertebrate retina are GABAergic. Thus, elucidating how GABAergic signaling is modulated in the IPL is critical in order to understand how the visual message is processed in the retina. The results presented here suggest that GABAergic signaling between amacrine cells can be modulated by the activation of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) or by the production of the second messenger, nitric oxide (NO). A novel mGluR5 splice variant was isolated from the chicken retina with a truncated carboxy-terminal tail. Whole cell electrophysiological experiments indicated that activation of mGluR5 enhances GABA-gated currents recorded from cultured chick amacrine cells. This mGluR5-dependent enhancement occurred through the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate pathway and was dependent upon ...
http://www.openthesis.org/documents/Modulation-GABAergic-Signaling-in-Retinal-525876.html
AddexBio Product Detail - K562 CellsAddexBio Product Detail - K562 Cells
1. Chen, Z., Luo, H. Y., Steinberg, M. H., and Chui, D. H. BCL11A represses HBG transcription in K562 cells. Blood Cells Mol Dis, 42: 144-149, 2009. 2. Konishi, E., Tabuchi, Y., and Yamanaka, A. A simple assay system for infection-enhancing and -neutralizing antibodies to dengue type 2 virus using layers of semi-adherent K562 cells. J Virol Methods, 163: 360-367. 3. Navarro, F., Gutman, D., Meire, E., Caceres, M., Rigoutsos, I., Bentwich, Z., and Lieberman, J. miR-34a contributes to megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells independently of p53. Blood, 114: 2181-2192, 2009. 4. Reuter, S., Charlet, J., Juncker, T., Teiten, M. H., Dicato, M., and Diederich, M. Effect of curcumin on nuclear factor kappaB signaling pathways in human chronic myelogenous K562 leukemia cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1171: 436-447, 2009. 5. Salvatori, F., Cantale, V., Breveglieri, G., Zuccato, C., Finotti, A., Bianchi, N., Borgatti, M., Feriotto, G., Destro, F., Canella, A., Breda, L., Rivella, S., and Gambari, R. ...
https://addexbio.com/productdetail?pid=52
Biology-OnlineBiology-Online
Research recently published in PLoS Medicine challenges the dogma of the antibody-dependent enhancement model (ADE) for the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Dengue virus infection usually causes a severe flu like illness, although symptoms may be mild in young children. DHF, however, is a severe and sometimes fatal complication of dengue virus infection that affects about half a million people every year. DHF patients usually fall into two groups; children and adults who become infected with a second dengue virus serotype after an initial primary dengue virus infection with a different serotype, and infants with primary dengue virus infections born to mothers who have some dengue virus immunity. The current model for development of DHF in infants around 6 months old is that anti-dengue virus antibodies transferred from a dengue-immune mother to her child somehow enhance dengue virus infection, resulting in more severe symptoms (the antibody-dependent enhancement model). A ...
https://www.biology-online.org/articles/rethinking-antibody-dependent-enhancement-dengue-hemorrhagic.html
High pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and loss of high avidity cross-reactive cytotoxic T-cells during the course of...High pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and loss of high avidity cross-reactive cytotoxic T-cells during the course of...
BACKGROUND: Dengue is one of the most important human diseases transmitted by an arthropod vector and the incidence of dengue virus infection has been increasing - over half the worlds population now live in areas at risk of infection. Most infections are asymptomatic, but a subset of patients experience a potentially fatal shock syndrome characterised by plasma leakage. Severe forms of dengue are epidemiologically associated with repeated infection by more than one of the four dengue virus serotypes. Generally attributed to the phenomenon of antibody-dependent enhancement, recent observations indicate that T-cells may also influence disease phenotype. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) showing high level cross reactivity between dengue serotypes could be expanded from blood samples taken during the acute phase of secondary dengue infection. These could not be detected in convalescence when only CTL populations demonstrating significant serotype specificity were
https://www.imm.ox.ac.uk/publications/34066/
Tropical feverTropical fever
Dengue virus is a human pathogen that causes dengue fever, which can either resolve after mild fever or lead to severe dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. The role of dengue virus levels in the blood and the kinetics of infection and immune response that results in severe dengue disease in humans is not well characterized. In this study, we analyzed 97 children with varying degrees of dengue disease, and we show that the dengue virus quantity in blood does not show any significant association with severe disease. However, most severe dengue patients had lower levels of interferons and Th1 cytokines and increased levels of secreted factors such as IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 that could potentially cause leakage in blood capillaries. Our results indicate that monocytes, which are infected with dengue virus in patients, could possibly play a major role in dengue pathogenesis. Furthermore, using computational analysis we identified association of some of the secreted factors with severe disease ...
http://www.fast-trackdiagnostics.com/human-line/resources/publications/tropical-fever/
Dengue disease (DENV) an infection of human beings is presently the main arthropod-borne viral global risk, for which zero...Dengue disease (DENV) an infection of human beings is presently the main arthropod-borne viral global risk, for which zero...
Dengue disease (DENV) an infection of human beings is presently the main arthropod-borne viral global risk, for which zero suitable or reliable pet model exists. Reviews addressing the result of DENV on vascular elements apart from endothelial cells lack. Dengue virus an infection of vascular even muscle cells, which play a physiological compensatory response to hypotension in arterioles and arteries, is not characterized, hence precluding our knowledge of the function of these vascular parts in dengue pathogenesis. Consequently, we analyzed the permissiveness of main human being umbilical artery clean muscle mass cells (HUASMC) to DENV 1C4 illness and compared with the infection in the previously reported main human being umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and the classically used, non-transformed, and highly permissive Lilly Laboratories Cell-Monkey Kidney 2 cells. Our outcomes present that HUASMC are successful and vunerable to an infection using the four DENV serotypes, although to a ...
http://www.cancerrealitycheck.com/2020/09/24/%EF%BB%BFdengue-disease-denv-an-infection-of-human-beings-is-presently-the-main-arthropod-borne-viral-global-risk-for-which-zero-suitable-or-reliable-pet-model-exists/
Analysis of a Dengue Disease Model with Nonlinear IncidenceAnalysis of a Dengue Disease Model with Nonlinear Incidence
A dengue disease epidemic model with nonlinear incidence is formulated and analyzed. The equilibria and threshold of the model are found. The stability of the system is analyzed through a geometric approach to stability. The proposed model also exhibits backward bifurcation under suitable conditions on parameters. Our results imply that a nonlinear incidence produces rich dynamics and they should be studied carefully in order to analyze the spread of disease more accurately. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the analytical findings.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ddns/2013/320581/
Davidson, A. D.<...Davidson, A. D.<...
The dengue viruses are spread by mosquitoes and infect up to 390 million individuals annually in sub-tropical and tropical regions of the world. Dengue disease has emerged as the most important arthropod-borne viral disease of humans. Dengue virus infection generally results in dengue fever, a debilitating but self limited febrile disease. However, complications may arise, leading to the potentially fatal dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndromes (DHF/DSS). Despite intensive research over recent years, the pathogenesis of DHF/DSS is still poorly understood and there is neither a safe and effective vaccine nor suitable anti-viral treatments to control dengue disease.. Current investigations in the laboratory focus on understanding the role of specific viral proteins in the virus lifecycle and the role they play in perturbing host cellular processes. Our studies use a dengue virus reverse genetic system, in combination with structural, biochemical and high throughput transcriptomic and ...
https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/persons/andrew-d-davidson
Prolonged persistence of IgM against dengue virus detected by commonly used commercial assays<...Prolonged persistence of IgM against dengue virus detected by commonly used commercial assays<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Prolonged persistence of IgM against dengue virus detected by commonly used commercial assays. AU - Chien, Yu-Wen. AU - Liu, Zi Hu. AU - Tseng, Fan Chen. AU - Ho, Tzu Chuan. AU - Guo, How-Ran. AU - Ko, Nai-Ying. AU - Ko, Wen-Chien. AU - Perng, Guey-Chuen. PY - 2018/4/2. Y1 - 2018/4/2. N2 - Background: Initial symptoms of dengue fever are non-specific, and thus definite diagnosis requires laboratory confirmation. Detection of IgM against dengue virus (DENV) has become widely used for dengue diagnosis. Understanding the persistence of anti-DENV IgM in subjects after acute infection is essential in order to interpret test results correctly. Although the longevity of anti-DENV IgM has been vehemently investigated in symptomatic children, anti-DENV IgM persistence in adults and in asymptomatically infected people have seldom been reported. Methods: We prospectively investigated 44 adults with detectable anti-DENV IgM in a serosurvey conducted in the 2015 dengue epidemic in Tainan, ...
https://researchoutput.ncku.edu.tw/en/publications/prolonged-persistence-of-igm-against-dengue-virus-detected-by-com
What is the immunopathology of severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever)?What is the immunopathology of severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever)?
The immunopathology of severe dengue remains incompletely understood. Most patients who develop severe dengue have had prior infection with one or more dengue serotypes. When an individual is infected... more
https://www.medscape.com/answers/215840-43473/182986-overview
What is the immunopathology of severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever)?What is the immunopathology of severe dengue (dengue hemorrhagic fever)?
The immunopathology of severe dengue remains incompletely understood. Most patients who develop severe dengue have had prior infection with one or more dengue serotypes. When an individual is infected... more
https://www.medscape.com/answers/215840-43473/154931-overview
Frontiers | Cytotoxic CD4 T Cells: Differentiation, Function, and Application to Dengue Virus Infection | ImmunologyFrontiers | Cytotoxic CD4 T Cells: Differentiation, Function, and Application to Dengue Virus Infection | Immunology
Dengue virus (DENV) has spread through most tropical and subtropical areas of the world and represents a serious public health problem. The control of DENV infection has not yet been fully successful due to lack of effective therapeutics or vaccines. Nevertheless, a better understanding of the immune responses against DENV infection may reveal new strategies for eliciting and improving antiviral immunity. T cells provide protective immunity against various viral infections by generating effector cells that cooperate to eliminate antigens and memory cells that can survive for long periods with enhanced abilities to control recurring pathogens. Following activation, CD8 T cells can migrate to sites of infection and kill infected cells, whereas CD4 T cells contribute to the elimination of pathogens by trafficking to infected tissues and providing help to innate immune responses, B cells, as well as CD8 T cells. However, it is now evident that CD4 T cells can also perform cytotoxic functions and induce
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00531/full
Dengue diseaseDengue disease
Build: Wed Jun 21 18:33:50 EDT 2017 (commit: 4a3b2dc). National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda MD 20892-4874 • 301-435-0888. ...
https://pharos.nih.gov/idg/diseases/Dengue%20disease
Dengue virus infection may increase risk for developing leukemiaDengue virus infection may increase risk for developing leukemia
(HealthDay)-Dengue virus infection is associated with an increased risk for leukemia, according to a study published online Feb. 12 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.
https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-02-dengue-virus-infection-leukemia.html
goldburn male enhancement fizzPOPgoldburn male enhancement fizzPOP
Most intense and passionate Love-making Male Enhancement Pills Enhancement Pills & Supplements | goldburn male enhancement For Men | fizzPOP
https://www.fizzpop.org.uk/?lovely=goldburn-male-enhancement_Sexual-Enhance-Product.html
Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other...Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other...
It is known that antibodies to dengue viruses at subneutralizing concentrations enhance dengue virus infection of Fc gamma R+ cells. This phenomenon called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when virus-antibody complexes bind to the Fc gamma R via the Fc portion of the Ig. It has been hypothesized that ADE may be responsible for the pathogenesis of the severe manifestations of dengue virus infection including dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome. To further analyze the mechanisms of ADE, we prepared bispecific antibodies by chemically cross-linking antidengue virus antibodies to antibodies specific for Fc gamma RI or Fc gamma RII and the non-Fc R molecules beta2 microglobulin, CD15 or CD33 and examined whether these bispecific antibodies could enhance infection. Bispecific antibodies targeting dengue virus to Fc gamma RI or Fc gamma RII enhanced dengue virus infection, consistent with previous reports using conventional antibodies. Furthermore, bispecific antibodies targeting ...
https://www.jimmunol.org/content/147/9/3139
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases: Epidemiology of Dengue Disease in the Philippines (2000-2011): A Systematic Literature ReviewPLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases: Epidemiology of Dengue Disease in the Philippines (2000-2011): A Systematic Literature Review
Author Summary Dengue disease is a tropical and subtropical mosquito-borne viral illness and is a major health concern in the Philippines. To determine the dengue disease burden in the Philippines and identify gaps and future research needs, we conducted a literature analysis and review to describe the epidemiology of dengue disease. We used well-defined methods to search and identify relevant research conducted between 2000 and 2011. This long-term review highlights an increase in the reported incidence of dengue disease in the Philippines. The rising incidence of dengue disease may be related to a growing population, increasing urbanization, improvements in surveillance, and the limited success of vector control measures. Gaps in the epidemiological information available in the Philippines during the period 2000-2011 include comprehensive national and regional data that describe the proportion of severe dengue disease, including hospitalizations and mortality, and incidence data per 100,000 population
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article/comments?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0003027
Viability of unstimulated lymphocytes exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields is dependent on intensityViability of unstimulated lymphocytes exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields is dependent on intensity
The cell viability and DNA damage in unstimulated sheep primary lymphocytes subjected to different extremely low electromagnetic field intensities (5, 50 and 100 µT; 50 Hz) were studied with special emphasis on apoptosis. Sheep primary lymphocytes cultured in RPMI, supplemented with 10% FBS in the absence of mitogens, were exposed till 16 h. The cell viability assessment by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed a dose dependent enhancement of viability at 16 h. Further, quantitative DNA laddering and flow cytometric analysis showed a significant decrease in apoptosis of the cells subjected to 100 (p
https://biodiscovery.pensoft.net/article/8925
Sonodynamic therapy--a review of the synergistic effects of drugs and ultrasound. - Semantic ScholarSonodynamic therapy--a review of the synergistic effects of drugs and ultrasound. - Semantic Scholar
Sonodynamic therapy, the ultrasound dependent enhancement of cytotoxic activities of certain compounds (sonosensitizers) in studies with cells in vitro and in tumor bearing animals, is reviewed. The attractive features of this modality for cancer treatment emerges from the ability to focus the ultrasound energy on malignancy sites buried deep in tissues and to locally activate a preloaded sonosensitizer. Possible mechanisms of sonodynamic therapy include generation of sonosensitizer derived radicals which initiate chain peroxidation of membrane lipids via peroxyl and/or alkoxyl radicals, the physical destabilization of the cell membrane by the sonosensitizer thereby rendering the cell more susceptible to shear forces or ultrasound enhanced drug transport across the cell membrane (sonoporation). Evidence against the role of singlet oxygen in sonodynamic therapy is discussed. The mechanism of sonodynamic therapy is probably not governed by a universal mechanism, but may be influenced by multiple factors
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Sonodynamic-therapy-a-review-of-the-synergistic-ef-Rosenthal-Sostaric/16b726b37eb9d83cd67e376ecdb25c183cf125ab
Prediction of dengue disease severity among pediatric Thai patients us by James A. Potts, Robert V. Gibbons et al.Prediction of dengue disease severity among pediatric Thai patients us by James A. Potts, Robert V. Gibbons et al.
BACKGROUND: Dengue virus is endemic in tropical and sub-tropical resource-poor countries. Dengue illness can range from a nonspecific febrile illness to a severe disease, Dengue Shock Syndrome (DSS), in which patients develop circulatory failure. Earlier diagnosis of severe dengue illnesses would have a substantial impact on the allocation of health resources in endemic countries. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We compared clinical laboratory findings collected within 72 hours of fever onset from a prospective cohort children presenting to one of two hospitals (one urban and one rural) in Thailand. Classification and regression tree analysis was used to develop diagnostic algorithms using different categories of dengue disease severity to distinguish between patients at elevated risk of developing a severe dengue illness and those at low risk. A diagnostic algorithm using WBC count, percent monocytes, platelet count, and hematocrit achieved 97% sensitivity to identify patients who went on to develop DSS while
https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/prevbeh_pp/171/
Optimization of the Cutoff Value for a Commercial Anti-Dengue Virus IgG Immunoassay | Clinical and Vaccine ImmunologyOptimization of the Cutoff Value for a Commercial Anti-Dengue Virus IgG Immunoassay | Clinical and Vaccine Immunology
The presence of anti-DENV IgG antibodies is an indication of long-term, acquired immunity from a past DENV infection. Moreover, IgG antibody titer differences can identify an acute dengue infection when paired serum samples, consisting of acute (0 to 5 days after onset of illness) and convalescent (,5 days after onset of illness) samples, are available. However, an anti-DENV IgG result in a single sample cannot clinically diagnose an acute infection. The Focus anti-DENV IgG ELISA (catalog no. EL1500G) used in this study is an indirect ELISA, which immobilizes DENV antigens on a solid surface. The DENV antigen is then recognized by anti-DENV IgG antibodies in the tested sample. A detector antibody that is conjugated to horseradish peroxidase binds nonspecifically to human IgG and amplifies the signal for detection. The indirect anti-DENV IgG ELISA is often used for epidemiologic studies to determine past DENV exposure because of its improved sensitivity and specificity compared to the direct ...
https://cvi.asm.org/content/20/3/358
Laboratory Diagnosis and Prognosis of Severe Dengue - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govLaboratory Diagnosis and Prognosis of Severe Dengue - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
In a prospective study in the outpatients department of three large hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, we will determine the early diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of two NS1 diagnostic tests in severe dengue cases.. The study is intended to develop a prognostic algorithm for the early identification of severe dengue cases.. Routine demographic, haematological and biochemical laboratory markers will be utilized to derive a prognostic algorithm that is clinically-useful for guiding patient triage and interventions.. We hope to discover and evaluate new early biomarkers of severe dengue and will evaluate candidate host response molecules and virological markers for their prognostic value.. We further plan to understand the phylogeography of DENV in the super-urban setting of HCMC.. We will use genome scale sequencing of DENV together with geospatial information on the residential addresses of patients to better understand transmission dynamics in ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01421732?recr=Open&cond=%22Hemorrhagic+Fevers%2C+Viral%22&rank=6
The exploration of risk factors of concurrent bacteraemia in patients critically ill with severe dengue<...The exploration of risk factors of concurrent bacteraemia in patients critically ill with severe dengue<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - The exploration of risk factors of concurrent bacteraemia in patients critically ill with severe dengue. AU - Chen, Chin Ming. AU - Chan, Khee Siang. AU - Cheng, Kuo Chen. AU - Chou, Willy. AU - Chao, Hui Chun. AU - Yeh, Chiu Yin. AU - Yu, Wen Liang. PY - 2016/12/1. Y1 - 2016/12/1. N2 - We investigated the clinical features of intensive care unit (ICU) patients with concomitant severe dengue infection and bacteraemia to identify risk factors for this comorbidity. The records of all ICU dengue patients admitted during the period of 31 July-30 November 2015 were reviewed. Patients with concurrent bacteremia (positive bacterial blood culture within 72 h of ICU admission) were identified. ICU admission was required for 142 patients, of which 22 (15.5%) had concurrent bacteraemia. Species of the genus Streptococcus was the most common pathogens, followed by Escherichia coli then species of the genus Staphylococcus. Patients with a severe dengue infection and bacteraemia had higher ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/the-exploration-of-risk-factors-of-concurrent-bacteraemia-in-pati
Spectrum and kinetic of T cell responses to dengue virus epitopes and the influence of hla polymorphisms in dengue disease...Spectrum and kinetic of T cell responses to dengue virus epitopes and the influence of hla polymorphisms in dengue disease...
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.tdi.ox.ac.uk/publications/40157
Spectrum and kinetic of T cell responses to dengue virus epitopes and the influence of hla polymorphisms in dengue disease...Spectrum and kinetic of T cell responses to dengue virus epitopes and the influence of hla polymorphisms in dengue disease...
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.immunology.ox.ac.uk/publications/40157
Antibodies Contribute to Dengue Virus InfectionAntibodies Contribute to Dengue Virus Infection
La Jolla Institute scientists have proved a hypothesis that said antibodies contribute to severe dengue virus-induced disease.
http://www.medindia.net/news/Antibodies-Contribute-to-Dengue-Virus-Infection-64952-1.htm
typing | Journal of Clinical Microbiologytyping | Journal of Clinical Microbiology
Dengue fever, caused by infections with the dengue virus (DENV), affects nearly 400 million people globally every year. Early diagnosis and management can reduce the morbidity and mortality rates of severe forms of dengue disease as well as decrease the risk of wider outbreaks. ...
https://jcm.asm.org/keyword/typing
Cancer immunotherapyCancer immunotherapy
... enhancement of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and CR3-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Complement-dependent ... Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) requires antibodies to bind to target cell surfaces. Antibodies are formed ... Naked monoclonal antibodies are antibodies without added elements. Most antibody therapies use this antibody type. Conjugated ... Chimeric antibodies attempt to reduce murine antibodies' immunogenicity by replacing part of the antibody with the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy
Viral hemorrhagic feverViral hemorrhagic fever
Dengue fever becomes more virulent during a second infection by means of antibody dependent enhancement. After the first ... The serum urea and creatine may be raised but this is dependent on the hydration status of the patient. The bleeding time tends ... By attaching to these antibodies, dengue viruses from a second infection are better able to infect the macrophages, thus ... infection, macrophages display antibodies on their cell membranes specific to the dengue virus. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viral_hemorrhagic_fever
Reporter virus particlesReporter virus particles
A related assay tests for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), a phenomenon where non-neutralizing antibodies against viruses ... "A simple flow cytometry based assay to determine in vitro antibody dependent enhancement of dengue virus using Zika virus ... RVPs are most commonly used in neutralization assays, which measure the ability of serum or antibodies to prevent virus ... "Dengue Reporter Virus Particles for measuring neutralizing antibodies against each of the four dengue serotypes". PLoS ONE. 6( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reporter_virus_particles
AdeAde
... a laboratory of the DRD O in India Adverse Drug Event Antibody-dependent enhancement ADE (chemotherapy), a chemotherapy regimen ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ade
Influenza A virus subtype H7N9Influenza A virus subtype H7N9
This immune phenomenon is called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and is perhaps best known in cases of Dengue fever when ... It is thought to occur when weakly cross-reactive antibodies form bridging complexes to facilitate uptake and replication of ... The phenomenon of cross-reacting antibodies that facilitate infection is best known in dengue infections, according to ... contacts of the infected patients did not become ill and they all tested negative for haemagglutination inhibition antibodies ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H7N9
Original antigenic sinOriginal antigenic sin
Antibody-dependent enhancement Cell mediated immunity Humoral immunity Polyclonal response FDA Center for Biologics Evaluation ... these antibodies inhibit the activation of higher-affinity naive B cells that would be able to make more effective antibodies ... Antibodies or T-cells induced during infections with the first variant of the pathogen are subject to a form of original ... However, the antibodies produced by these B cells generally ineffectively bind to the altered epitopes. In addition, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original_antigenic_sin
Index of immunology articlesIndex of immunology articles
... antibodies Antibody Antibody opsonization Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity Antibody-dependent enhancement Antigen ... immune enhancement therapy Autophagy Beta-2 microglobulin Binding antibody Biological response modifiers Blocking antibody ... Molecular mimicry Monoclonal antibody Monoclonal antibody therapy Monokine Mononuclear phagocyte system Monospecific antibody ... antibodies Polyclonal B cell response Polymersome Pox party Precipitin Premunition Premunity Primary and secondary antibodies ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_immunology_articles
Neutralizing antibodyNeutralizing antibody
This mechanism is known as antibody-dependent enhancement. It has been observed for Dengue virus and Zika virus. Antibodies are ... Tirado, SM; Yoon, KJ (2003). "Antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection and disease". Viral Immunology. 16 (1): 69-86. ... Not all antibodies that bind a pathogenic particle are neutralizing. Non-neutralizing antibodies, or binding antibodies, bind ... "Dengue virus sero-cross-reactivity drives antibody-dependent enhancement of infection with zika virus". Nature Immunology. 17 ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutralizing_antibody
Ébola, a enciclopedia libreÉbola, a enciclopedia libre
"Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection". Journal of Virology 77 (13): 7539-7544. doi:10.1128/JVI.77.13.7539- ... "Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications.". Reviews in Medical Virology ... Saphire, EO (2013 Nov). "An update on the use of antibodies against the filoviruses.". Immunotherapy 5 (11): 1221-33. PMID ... "Spatial and temporal patterns of Zaire ebolavirus antibody prevalence in the possible reservoir bat species". The Journal of ...
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebola
Dengue feverDengue fever
The most widely accepted hypothesis is that of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). The exact mechanism behind ADE is unclear ... One of the concerns is that a vaccine could increase the risk of severe disease through antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE).[ ... "Sanofi restricts dengue vaccine but downplays antibody enhancement". CIDRAP. Retrieved 2 December 2017.. ... Detecting antibodies to the virus or its RNA[2]. Differential diagnosis. Malaria, yellow fever, viral hepatitis, leptospirosis[ ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue_fever
CD32CD32
Having too little CD32B has been associated with dysregulated antibody function, as well as increased antibody-dependent ... this is attributed to an enhancement of FcR-dependent phagocytic functions. CD32B imbalance is also associated with ... When expressed, CD32C plays an important role in the activation of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). Animal studies ... CD32 has a low-affinity for the Fc region of IgG antibodies in monomeric form, but high affinity for IgG immune complexes. CD32 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD32
Virus del Zika - Viquipèdia, lenciclopèdia lliureVirus del Zika - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure
Martín-Acebes MA, Saiz JC, Jiménez de Oya N «Antibody-Dependent Enhancement and Zika: Real Threat or Phantom Menace?» (en ... Koma T, Veljkovic V, Anderson DE, Wang LF, et al «Zika virus infection elicits auto-antibodies to C1q» (en anglès). Sci Rep, ... Li C, Gao F, Yu L, Wang R, et al «A Single Injection of Human Neutralizing Antibody Protects against Zika Virus Infection and ... Hasan, SS; Miller, A; Sapparapu, G; Fernandez, E; et al «A human antibody against Zika virus crosslinks the E protein to ...
https://ca.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus_del_Zika
ডেঙ্গু জ্বর - উইকিপিডিয়াডেঙ্গু জ্বর - উইকিপিডিয়া
... সর্বাধিক গ্রাহ্য অনুমান হ'ল অ্যান্টিবডি-নির্ভরতা বৃদ্ধি বা antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)। ADE-র পিছনের কলাকৌশল অস্পষ্ট। ... প্রথম প্রচেষ্টা হ'ল ভাইরাল RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (কোড NS5) -এর প্রতিরোধ, যা জিনগত বস্তুর প্রতিরূপ তৈরি করে নিউক্লিওসাইড ...
https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/ডেঙ্গু_জ্বর
Hormonal breast enhancementHormonal breast enhancement
A neutralizing antibody for HGF, but not for IGF-1 or EGF, was found to attenuate the proliferation of breast epithelial tissue ... dependent on dose and type of estrogen administered), as well as increases levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein ... Hormonal breast enhancement or augmentation is a highly experimental potential medical treatment for the breasts in which ... Moreover, a trial of hormonal breast enhancement in 45 young women with very high doses (80 mg/injection) of intramuscular, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonal_breast_enhancement
HLA-DOBHLA-DOB
1994). "HIV-1 gp41 binding proteins and antibodies to gp41 could inhibit enhancement of human Raji cell MHC class I and II ... 1994). "Envelope glycoproteins of HIV-1 interfere with T-cell-dependent B cell differentiation: role of CD4-MHC class II ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HLA-DOB
Donor-specific antibodyDonor-specific antibody
Lymphocyte-dependent antibody and renal graft rejection.. Lancet. 1975; 1(7913):953-4. Fu, Y.; Sun, Z.; Fuchs, E. J.; Wang, Y ... Mechanisms of immunologic enhancement. Transplant Proc. 1970; 2(1):68-75. Kerman RH, Kimball PM, Van Buren CT, Lewis RM, DeVera ... Similarly, false negative results are possible as this is purely complement dependent that requires higher antibody titres to ... Antibody-mediated transplant rejection involves B cell and plasma cell activation resulting in the generation of donor-specific ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donor-specific_antibody
Fc receptorFc receptor
... by a mechanism known as antibody-dependent enhancement of infection.[1] ... or infected cells by antibody-mediated phagocytosis or antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Some viruses such as ... Principal antibody ligand. Affinity for ligand. Cell distribution. Effect following binding to antibody ... Induction of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Induction of cytokine release by macrophages ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fc_receptor
Geoffrey W. HoffmannGeoffrey W. Hoffmann
... a co-study on antibodies made in a normal immune response that bind both to foreign invaders and to antibodies with the same ... 5, 638-647 G. W. Hoffmann (1978) Incorporation of a Non-specific T Cell Dependent Helper Factor into a Network Theory of the ... and Reverse Enhancement. J. Immunol. 137, 61-68 R. B. Forsyth, G. W. Hoffmann (1990) A study of auto antiidiotypes to BSA, J. ... consisting of antibodies and lymphocytes that recognize not only things that are foreign to the body, but also each other. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoffrey_W._Hoffmann
Development of analogs of thalidomideDevelopment of analogs of thalidomide
This enhances natural and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Lenalidomide and pomalidomide are about 100-1000 times more ... increasing sensitivity to FAS mediated cell death and enhancement of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand. They have also been ... Lenalidomide is also approved for transfusion-dependent anemia due to low or intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndromes ... shown to cause dose dependent G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in leukemia cell lines where the analogs showed 100 times more potency ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_analogs_of_thalidomide
LectinLectin
April 2, 2013). Schneider, Bradley S. (ed.). "Lectin-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection via Soluble and ... Lectins are similar to antibodies in their ability to agglutinate red blood cells. Many legume seeds have been proven to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lectin
Unil PereraUnil Perera
We demonstrated the enhancement of optical phonon-assisted features primarily contributing to the photoemission yield. (PRB 88 ... dependent band gaps between GaAs and AlGaAs. Through determining the Fermi energy level (Ef ), IPE is able to distinguish the ... antibody was detected was detected within 75 min after the cells encountered specific immunoglobulin molecules by interrogating ... The temperature-dependent characteristic of band offsets at the heterojunction interface was studied by an internal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unil_Perera
NanoshellNanoshell
Bardhan, R; Grady, Nk; Halas, Nj (September 2008). "Nanoscale Control of Near-Infrared Fluorescence Enhancement Using Au ... the gold-plated nano-particles become visible to imaging processes that are tuned to the correct wavelength which is dependent ... a property that permits nanoscale structures to be taken up passively into tumors without the assistance of antibodies.[4] ... are used in cancer therapy and bio-imaging enhancement. Theranostic probes - capable of detection and treatment of cancer in a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoshell
SuperantigenSuperantigen
... on priming and effector stages of a T cell-dependent antibody response". Eur. J. Immunol. 24 (2): 445-9. doi:10.1002/eji. ... Schlievert PM (April 1982). "Enhancement of host susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin ... Immunoglobulin pools are able to neutralize specific antibodies and prevent T-cell activation. Synthetic antibodies and ... Similar endogenous SAg-dependent selection has yet to be identified in the human genome, but endogenous SAgs have been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superantigen
Sodium-iodide symporterSodium-iodide symporter
Moreover, antibodies anti-NIS have been found in thyroid autoimmune diseases. Using RT-PCR tests, it has been proved that there ... Kogai T, Taki K, Brent GA (2007). "Enhancement of sodium/iodide symporter expression in thyroid and breast cancer". Endocr. ... upstream enhancer of the rat sodium/iodide symporter gene and participates in both thyroid-specific and cyclic-AMP-dependent ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium-iodide_symporter
Preclinical imagingPreclinical imaging
Antibody-bound paramagnetic nanoparticles can also be used to increase resolution and to visualize molecular expression in the ... Micro-PAT has been demonstrated to be a significant enhancement over existing in vivo neuro-imaging devices. It is fast, non- ... The thermoelastic expansion and the resulting ultrasound wave is dependent on the wavelength of light used. PAT allows for ... "Novel single-chain antibody-targeted microbubbles for molecular ultrasound imaging of thrombosis: Validation of a unique non- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preclinical_imaging
Super-resolution microscopySuper-resolution microscopy
"Coupling between clathrin-dependent endocytic budding and F-BAR-dependent tubulation in a cell-free system". Nature Cell ... Recently, the significant enhancement of fluorescence quantum yield of NIAD-4 upon binding to an amyloid was exploited for BALM ... Highly specific labeling of biological structures with photoswitchable probes has been achieved with antibody staining, direct ... Cremer C, Masters BR (April 2013). "Resolution enhancement techniques in microscopy". The European Physical Journal H. 38 (3): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super-resolution_microscopy
Gold nanoparticles in chemotherapyGold nanoparticles in chemotherapy
Antibody conjugation lines the surface of the nanoparticle with cell markers to limit spread only to malignant cells. In vivo ... They concluded a 15% cell viability and dose dependent cell damage. Reduction in cell viability was detected in vivo ... Hainfeld, James F.; Dilmanian, F. Avraham; Slatkin, Daniel N.; Smilowitz, Henry M. (2008). "Radiotherapy enhancement with gold ... Monoclonal antibodies ensure the targeting of the specific cell, which is essential to this mechanism. Killing efficiency ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_nanoparticles_in_chemotherapy
Alveolar macrophageAlveolar macrophage
Ig is a class of antibody found only in mammals that plays an important role in allergy response and defense against many kinds ... AMs have been reported to produce MMP-9 partly via PGE2-dependent PKA signaling pathways, which are the pathways involved in ... The priming of macrophages involves the enhancement of respiratory burst activity by IFN-γ and TNF-α. IFNγ induces both an ... The killing of phagocytosed bacteria by AMs is dependent upon several distinct microbicidal mechanisms, like the reduced NADPH ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_macrophage
Surface plasmon resonance microscopySurface plasmon resonance microscopy
Cow's milk antibodies can be detected in the milk and serum sample using SPRM. SPRM is also advantageous to detect the site- ... Both dissociation constants are significantly different because KDsurf is dependent on the surface grafting density as shown in ... is being started to form inside the bone tissue through mineralization which also advocate the enhancement of osteointegration ... The antibodies were attached to the C16 alkanethiol, which had a terminal carboxylic group. The micro patterned electrode was ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_plasmon_resonance_microscopy
Long-term depressionLong-term depression
Spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) refers to the timing of presynaptic and postsynaptic action potentials. STDP is a form ... "Serotonin facilitates long-term depression induction in prefrontal cortex via p38 MAPK/Rab5-mediated enhancement of AMPA ... "Cerebellar long-term depression and autoimmune target of auto-antibodies: the concept of LTDpathies". Molecular Biomedicine. 2 ... It has been suggested that a reduction in NMDAR-dependent LTD may be due to changes not only in postsynaptic AMPARs but also in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long-term_depression
Brain-derived neurotrophic factorBrain-derived neurotrophic factor
TrkB autophosphorylation is dependent upon its ligand-specific association with BDNF, a widely expressed activity-dependent ... Zhong L, Yan CH, Lu CQ, Xu J, Huang H, Shen XM (September 2009). "Calmodulin activation is required for the enhancement of ... Antibodies: Against TrkA: GBR-900; Against NGF: ABT-110 (PG110). *ASP-6294 ... Synaptogenesis is dependent upon the assembly of new synapses and the disassembly of old synapses by β-adducin.[57] Adducins ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BDNF
Radiation therapyRadiation therapy
An enhancement of virtual simulation is 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3DCRT), in which the profile of each ... Targeting can also be achieved by attaching the radioisotope to another molecule or antibody to guide it to the target tissue. ... Side effects are dose- dependent; for example higher doses of head and neck radiation can be associated with cardiovascular ... CD20 monoclonal antibody conjugated to yttrium-90.[75] In 2003, the FDA approved the tositumomab/iodine (131I) tositumomab ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_therapy
StimulantStimulant
... misuse appears to occur both for performance enhancement and their euphorogenic effects, the latter being related to ... Ramón Peces; Navascués, RA; Baltar, J; Seco, M; Alvarez, J (1999). "Antiglomerular Basement Membrane Antibody-Mediated ... Some effects are dependent upon the route of administration, with intravenous use associated with the transmission of many ... and cingulate cortices of METH-dependent individuals (Sekine et al., 2006) .... Neuropsychological studies have detected ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimulants
Physical fitnessPhysical fitness
This is dependent on the concentration of endogenous factors (such as sex hormones, metabolic hormones and growth hormones), ... These principles are related to health but also enhancement of physical working capacity.[24] ... antibodies and T cytotoxic cells.[38][39] However, the mechanism linking physical activity to immune system is not fully ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_fitness
MicrobiotaMicrobiota
... may be context dependent and may occur in diverse ways.[13] Microbiota that are expected to be present, and that under normal ... direct enhancement of mineral uptake, and protection from pathogens.[35][36] PGPBs may protect plants from pathogens by ... Their innate immune systems do not produce antibodies, and they should seemingly not be able to respond to new challenges ... which enables the tissue to produce antibodies for pathogens that may enter the gut.[39] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiome
ApoptosisApoptosis
Caspases are proteins that are highly conserved, cysteine-dependent aspartate-specific proteases. There are two types of ... resulting in the increase of p53 protein level and enhancement of cancer cell-apoptosis.[79] p53 prevents the cell from ... these mice demonstrated a deficiency in the maturation of an antibody response; they were able to generate normal levels of IgM ... In order to be released, the protein is cleaved by a calcium-dependent calpain protease. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apoptosis
Botulinum toxinBotulinum toxin
"New plastic surgery statistics reveal trends toward body enhancement". Plastic Surgery. 11 March 2019. Archived from the ... Trivalent (serotypes A, B, E) botulinum antitoxin is derived from equine sources using whole antibodies. The second antitoxin ... product-dependent, with some patients experiencing a longer duration of effect.[37] Injection of botulinum toxin into the ... is heptavalent botulinum antitoxin (serotypes A, B, C, D, E, F, G), which is derived from equine antibodies which have been ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botulinum
ExerciseExercise
The aerobic exercise training-induced changes to miRNA profile in the brain seem to be intensity-dependent [164]. These few ... as corroborated by blocking the effects of exercise using antibodies against IGF-1 (47) or VEGF (63).. ... enhancements in neurogenesis (Trejo et al. 2001; Fabel et al. 2003).. ... and this has introduced the possibility that proliferating neurons could contribute to the cognitive enhancement observed with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_exercise
Human skinHuman skin
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) slightly damages the surface of skin and causes a time-dependent defect allowing easier penetration ... Skin with high permeability allowed quantum dots with an antibody attached to the surface for active targeting to successfully ... chemical enhancement applies chemicals such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and oleic acid to the ... May 2003). "Real-Time Vital Optical Imaging of Precancer Using Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Antibodies Conjugated to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_skin
មូស - វិគីភីឌាមូស - វិគីភីឌា
2005) observed a suppression of antibody-specific T cell responses mediated by mosquito saliva and dependent on mast cells and ... Expression error: Unrecognized punctuation character '១'. "The enhancement of arbovirus transmission and disease by mosquito ... "Mast cell-dependent down-regulation of antigen-specific immune responses by mosquito bites"។ Journal of Immunology 176 (7): ... Visible, irritating bites are due to an immune response from the binding of IgG and IgE antibodies to antigens in the ...
https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/មូស
Bio-MEMSBio-MEMS
Analytical or capture protein arrays display antigens and antibodies to profile protein or antibody expression in serum. These ... Differentiation in stem cells is dependent on many factors, including soluble and biochemical factors, fluid shear stress, cell ... Fluorescence-based optical techniques use markers that emit light at specific wavelengths and the presence or enhancement/ ... Reverse-phase protein arrays test replicates of cell lysates and serum samples with different antibodies to study the changes ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bio-MEMS
மனப்பித்து - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியாமனப்பித்து - தமிழ் விக்கிப்பீடியா
"Cognitive enhancement therapy for schizophrenia: effects of a 2-year randomized trial on cognition and behavior". Arch. Gen. ... "Presence and persistence of psychotic symptoms in cocaine- versus methamphetamine-dependent participants.". Am J Addict 27 (2 ... ""Bread madness" revisited: screening for specific celiac antibodies among schizophrenia patients". European Psychiatry 19 (5 ...
https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/மனப்பித்து
Genetic engineeringGenetic engineering
"Genetic Enhancement". National Human Genome Research Institute.. *^ Begley S (28 November 2018). "Amid uproar, Chinese ... Roque AC, Lowe CR, Taipa MA (2004). "Antibodies and genetically engineered related molecules: production and purification". ... "Use of PCR to isolate genes encoding sigma54-dependent activators from diverse bacteria". Journal of Bacteriology. 178 (13): ... monoclonal antibodies, antihemophilic factors, vaccines and many other drugs.[84][85] Mouse hybridomas, cells fused together to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering
CannabinoidCannabinoid
1994) summed up the phenomenon of gustatory enhancement by certain cannabinoids.[79] Recently, a paper by Yoshida et al. showed ... Cannabinoid type 2 receptor-dependent and -independent immunomodulatory effects". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (20 ... These metabolites are the chemicals recognized by common antibody-based "drug tests"; in the case of THC or others, these loads ... Next, CBGA is independently converted to either CBG, THCA, CBDA or CBCA by four separate synthase, FAD-dependent dehydrogenase ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabinoid
BRCA1 - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livreBRCA1 - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre
Jin, Y; Xu X L, Yang M C, Wei F, Ayi T C, Bowcock A M, Baer R (1997). «Cell cycle-dependent colocalization of BARD1 and BRCA1 ... In vivo assessment using phospho-specific antibodies». J. Biol. Chem. 276 (20): 17276-80. PMID 11278964. doi:10.1074/jbc. ... Xia, Yan; Pao Gerald M, Chen Hong-Wu, Verma Inder M, Hunter Tony (2003). «Enhancement of BRCA1 E3 ubiquitin ligase activity ... Ouchi, T; Monteiro A N, August A, Aaronson S A, Hanafusa H (1998). «BRCA1 regulates p53-dependent gene expression». Proc. Natl ...
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/BRCA1
ApoptosisApoptosis
April 2010). "Apoptosis induced by Oropouche virus infection in HeLa cells is dependent on virus protein expression". Virus Res ... resulting in the increase of p53 protein level and enhancement of cancer cell-apoptosis.[71] p53 prevents the cell from ... these mice demonstrated a deficiency in the maturation of an antibody response; they were able to generate normal levels of IgM ... Caspases are proteins that are highly conserved, cysteine-dependent aspartate-specific proteases. There are two types of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-apoptotic
FluorescenceFluorescence
... which is accomplished by labeling an antibody with a fluorophore and allowing the antibody to find its target antigen within ... Mazel, C. H. (2004). "Fluorescent Enhancement of Signaling in a Mantis Shrimp". Science. 303 (5654): 51. doi:10.1126/science. ... The causes and magnitude of Stokes shift can be complex and are dependent on the fluorophore and its environment. However, ... Immunology: An antibody is first prepared by having a fluorescent chemical group attached, and the sites (e.g., on a ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorescence
Hookworm infectionHookworm infection
The incubation period can vary between a few weeks to many months, and is largely dependent on the number of hookworm parasites ... Additionally, both malaria and helminth infection can cause anemia, but the effect of co-infection and possible enhancement of ... a vaccine that could induce antibodies for these antigens could interfere with the hookworm's digestive pathway and impair the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hookworm_infection
SuperantigenSuperantigen
... on priming and effector stages of a T cell-dependent antibody response". Eur. J. Immunol. 24 (2): 445-9. doi:10.1002/eji. ... "Enhancement of host susceptibility to lethal endotoxin shock by staphylococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C". Infect. Immun. 36 ... Immunoglobulin pools are able to neutralize specific antibodies and prevent T-cell activation. Synthetic antibodies and ... Similar endogenous SAg-dependent selection has yet to be identified in the human genome, but endogenous SAgs have been ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superantigen
DNA methylationDNA methylation
ChIP-on-chip assays, which is based on the ability of commercially prepared antibodies to bind to DNA methylation-associated ... Zheng H, Jiang SW, Wu H (2011). "Enhancement on the predictive power of the prediction model for human genomic DNA methylation ... was shown to induce MCT3 expression in a dose dependant manner, as all hypermethylated sites in the exon 2 CpG island became ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_methylation?wprov=sfti1
Potato virus YPotato virus Y
In this type of system biotin is coupled to the antibody. The biotin molecule has no influence on the working of the antibodies ... This enzyme has both RNA-dependent reverse transcriptase and DNA-dependent polymerase activity. However, the active center of ... Carrington, J.C. and Freed, D.D. (1990). Cap-independent enhancement of translation by a plant potyvirus 5' nontranslated ... This, in turn, can be detected as described above and is then referred to as the double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA. Both of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potato_virus_Y
Raman spectroscopyRaman spectroscopy
February 16, 2006). "Distortion-dependent Raman spectra and mode mixing in RMnO3 perovskites (R=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Y ... Spontaneous Raman spectroscopy - Term used to describe Raman spectroscopy without enhancement of sensitivity. ... Raman reporter molecules with olefin or alkyne moieties are being developed for tissue imaging with SERS-labeled antibodies.[18 ... Polarization-dependent Raman spectroscopy uses (plane) polarized laser excitation from a polarizer. The Raman scattered light ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raman_spectroscopy
Transcription factorTranscription factor
II.B signal-dependent - requires external signal for activation *II.B.1 extracellular ligand (endocrine or paracrine)-dependent ... If no antibody is available for the protein of interest, DamID may be a convenient alternative.[82] ... Differential enhancement of transcriptionEdit. Other transcription factors differentially regulate the expression of various ... II.B.2 intracellular ligand (autocrine)-dependent - activated by small intracellular molecules - SREBP, p53, orphan nuclear ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transcription_factor
Potential applications of graphenePotential applications of graphene
Therefore, the combination of HSA-NPs and GO-NSs could be useful for reducing the cytotoxicity of GO-NSs and the enhancement of ... Results show that the toxicity of graphene is dependent on several factors such as shape, size, purity, post-production ... The sensors bind to 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and is capable of selective binding with antibodies. The presence of 8- ... Majumder, M; Tkacz, R; Oldenbourg, R; Mehta, S; Miansari, M; Verma, A (2014). "pH dependent isotropic to nematic phase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential_applications_of_graphene
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth CareGeographicals
Antibody-Dependent EnhancementAntibody-Dependent Cell CytotoxicityAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodiesImmunoglobulin GKiller Cells, NaturalCytotoxicity, ImmunologicAntibody SpecificityDengue VirusDengueAntibodies, BispecificSevere DengueAntibodies, ViralReceptors, IgGImmune System DiseasesBone Marrow CellsErythrocytesAntibody FormationMice, Inbred C57BLFeline Infectious PeritonitisCoronavirus, FelineInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeCamptothecaInfluenza A virusMembrane FusionCross ProtectionCubaEnvironmental Policy
Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR...Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR...
"Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR ... Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR ... Determination of antibody concentration as the main parameter in a dengue virus antibody-dependent enhancement assay using FcγR ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other ...
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/determination-of-antibody-concentration-as-the-main-parameter-in-a-6VUO89P8As
Manipulation of immunodominant dengue virus E protein epitopes reduces potential antibody-dependent enhancement | Virology...Manipulation of immunodominant dengue virus E protein epitopes reduces potential antibody-dependent enhancement | Virology...
Dengue virus Vaccine Antibody-dependent enhancement Dengue hemorrhagic fever Cross-reactive antibody Immune refocusing ... In vitro antibody-dependent enhancement. Heat inactivated mouse sera were pooled, diluted, and titrated. DENV (DENV-1 56BC94/95 ... Littaua R, Kurane I, Ennis FA: Human IgG Fc receptor II mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. J ... Morens DM, Halstead SB, Marchette NJ: Profiles of antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus type 2 infection. Microb ...
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-9-115
west nile virus Protocols and Video...'west nile virus' Protocols and Video...
A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus ... A Simple Flow Cytometry Based Assay to Determine In Vitro Antibody Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Using Zika Virus ...
https://www.jove.com/keyword/west+nile+virus
Moxifloxacin HCl cell signalingMoxifloxacin HCl cell signaling
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) has been proposed as a mechanism to explain. posted by aboutscience December 22, 2019 7:13 ... Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) has been proposed as a mechanism to explain dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) in the course ... Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE) was proposed as the immune systems mechanism to enhance viral pathogenesis. ADE. ... Secondary Disease and Antibody-Dependent Improvement Dengue infection could be asymptomatic or within two clinical types of ...
http://www.aboutsciencenow.info/index.php/tag/moxifloxacin-hcl-cell-signaling/
OpenEmory | Search ResultsOpenEmory | Search Results
... thus eliminating potential therapy-mediated antibody-dependent enhancement. We administered a cocktail of these three nmAbs to ... Neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies prevent Zika virus infection in macaques by Diogo M. Magnani; Thomas Rogers; Nathan ... Given that numerous antibodies have exceptional safety profiles in humans, the cocktail described here could be rapidly ... We isolated three potent ZIKV-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) from the plasmablasts of a ZIKV-infected patient- ...
https://open.library.emory.edu/publications/search/?department=Infectious+Disease&keywords=vaccin&keywords=rhesus&subject=Biology%2C+Cell&author=Chahroudi%2C+Ann&keywords=research
Scientific Program Day 1Scientific Program Day 1
... a process known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). However, the relevance and occurrence of ADE has yet to be ... that are involved in antibody-mediated dengue virus neutralization and infection enhancement, respectively. His Postdoctoral ... We observed that TQ could inhibit the expression of CXCR4 in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose and time dependent manner. TQ ... Keynote: The effect of cross-reactive antibodies on immunogenicity of live-attenuated vaccine: A systems approach Time : 10:15- ...
https://syntheticbiology.conferenceseries.com/asiapacific/2017/scientific-program.php?day=1&sid=4006&date=2017-11-09
MGCD-265 | Vitamin D-response element in the rat calcidiolMGCD-265 | Vitamin D-response element in the rat calcidiol
... a phenomenon known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) [22], [23]. It has been speculated that ADE may play a role not only ... Conventional assays for titration of neutralizing antibody usually do not consider infection-enhancement activity. We used an ... which neutralizing activity dependant on using FcR-expressing cells, rather than the activity dependant on using FcR-negative ... Antibodies may play two contending roles during an infection: trojan neutralization leading to security and recovery, or ...
http://calcitetrol.info/tag/mgcd-265/
JoVE Author Search: Isern SJoVE Author Search: Isern S
Antibody-dependent Enhancement, Concentrations, Dengue, Dengue Virus, Disease, Epitopes, Fc Receptor, Glycoprotein, Histories, ... Human, Infection, Inhibition, Liposome, Monoclonal Antibodies, Mosquito, Mutations, Patients, Proteins, Therapeutic ... Research Interests: Antibodies, Antibody-dependent Enhancement, Concentrations, Dengue, Dengue Virus, Disease, Epitopes, Fc ... Design of a human monoclonal antibody-informed dengue vaccine. 8/15/2009. 7/31/2012. NSF. Standard Grant. $449,313 MRI: ...
http://labindex.jove.com/author/Isern-S
Antibody-Dependent Enhancement | In the PipelineAntibody-Dependent Enhancement | In the Pipeline
Ive had several questions about antibody-dependent enhancement, which has always been a worry as the coronavirus vaccines have ... Antibody-Dependent Enhancement. By Derek Lowe 18 December, 2020. Ive had several questions about antibody-dependent ... The process is called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), where a vaccine generates antibodies and binds the virus but does ... Do concerns persist that COVID-19 vaccines could cause antibody-dependent enhancement, which can potentiate viral entry into ...
https://blogs.sciencemag.org/pipeline/archives/2020/12/18/antibody-dependent-enhancement?replytocom=335014
Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans | ScienceAntibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans | Science
They confirmed that antibody-dependent enhancement of disease occurs at a specific range of antibody concentrations. Low levels ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans. By Leah C. Katzelnick, Lionel Gresh, M. Elizabeth Halloran, ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans. By Leah C. Katzelnick, Lionel Gresh, M. Elizabeth Halloran, ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ...
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/358/6365/929
antibody-dependent enhancementantibody-dependent enhancement
The other good news is that this team looked for the signs of an #antibody-dependent-enhancement response, which would be bad ... model-of-antibody-dependent-enhancement-of-dengue-22403433 ... "If there is enhancement, thats a big stop sign for everything ... "antibody-dependent_enhancement" (#facilitation_de_linfection_par_des_anticorps ▻https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facilitation_de_ ... Disease enhancement has been seen in animal studies of vaccines developed to fight a close cousin of the virus that causes ...
https://seenthis.net/tag/antibody-dependent_enhancement
Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. - PubMed - NCBILigation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. - PubMed - NCBI
Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection.. Chan KR1, Zhang SL, Tan ... Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection ... Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection ... Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21746897
Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications. - PubMed - NCBIAntibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications. - PubMed - NCBI
... known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infection, depends on the cross-linking of complexes of virus-antibody ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of viral infection: molecular mechanisms and in vivo implications.. Takada A1, Kawaoka Y. ... Besides the common receptor/coreceptor-dependent mechanism of cellular attachment, some viruses rely on antiviral antibodies ... antibody-mediated modulation of the interaction between viral protein and its coreceptor (human immunodeficiency virus) and ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14625886?dopt=Abstract
Antibody-dependent Enhancement (ADE) and Vaccines | Childrens Hospital of PhiladelphiaAntibody-dependent Enhancement (ADE) and Vaccines | Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
After vaccination, macaques were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 without observable antibody-dependent enhancement of infection or ... ability of a virus to enter cells and cause a worsening of disease through a mechanism called antibody-dependent enhancement ( ... However, not all antibody responses are created equal. Sometimes antibodies do not prevent cell entry and, on rare occasions, ... A major goal of antibodies is to bind to the pathogen and prevent it from infecting, or entering, a cell. Antibodies that ...
https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/vaccine-education-center/vaccine-safety/antibody-dependent-enhancement-and-vaccines?fbclid=IwAR2tqUaaVcMjhnV0Q-ADjybfxAyKbh74xHcgsFw94N9pF3c8YRz5xvsrpEM
Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection | Journal of VirologyAntibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection | Journal of Virology
In vitro antibody-dependent enhancement assays are insensitive indicators of in vivo vaccine enhancement of equine infectious ... Monoclonal antibodies to the spike protein of feline infectious peritonitis virus mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of ... Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection. Ayato Takada, Heinz Feldmann, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Yoshihiro Kawaoka ... Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Ebola Virus Infection Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from Journal of ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/77/13/7539.full
Supplement to Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection | PNASSupplement to Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection | PNAS
Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. Kuan Rong Chan, Summer Li- ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/suppl/2011/07/07/1106568108.DCSupplemental
Molecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry | Journal of VirologyMolecular Mechanism for Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Coronavirus Entry | Journal of Virology
Antibody dosages for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry. (A) Impact of antibody dosages on MERS-CoV ... IMPORTANCE Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral entry has been observed for many viruses. It was shown that antibodies ... Antibody dosages for antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus entry.To determine the range of Mersmab1 dosages in ADE, ... Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when antibodies facilitate viral entry into host cells and enhance viral infection ...
https://jvi.asm.org/content/94/5/e02015-19?ijkey=658d2ed96526c521326e0fdcef69116a689c201c&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Human IgG Fc receptor II mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. | The Journal of ImmunologyHuman IgG Fc receptor II mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. | The Journal of Immunology
... and this phenomenon is called antibody-dependent enhancement. This is caused by the uptake of dengue virus-antibody complexes ... Human IgG Fc receptor II mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection.. R Littaua, I Kurane and F A Ennis ... Based on these results we conclude that Fc gamma RII mediate antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection in ... Human IgG Fc receptor II mediates antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection. ...
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/144/8/3183?ijkey=3626da5d02eb126173dea74b4289a073b67027e8&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other...Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other...
This phenomenon called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when virus-antibody complexes bind to the Fc gamma R via the ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection mediated by bispecific antibodies against cell surface molecules other ...
https://www.jimmunol.org/content/147/9/3139
IgG2a-mediated enhancement of antibody responses is dependent on FcRgamma+ bone marrow-derived cellsIgG2a-mediated enhancement of antibody responses is dependent on FcRgamma+ bone marrow-derived cells
... Díaz de Ståhl, T Uppsala ... This thesis deals with the in vivo regulatory properties of antibodies and their specific Fc receptors. ... Circulating immune complexes play an important role in the modulation of antibody responses and in the pathogenesis of immune ... Immunization with soluble antigens in complex with specific IgG leads to an augmentation of antibody production. The cellular ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:161136
Dengue fever, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A perspectiveDengue fever, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A perspective
COVID-19; SARS‐CoV‐2; Denguefieber; antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Abstract. SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic and recurrent dengue ... Here, we review the possible antibody‐dependent enhancement (ADE) occurrence, known for dengue infections, when there is a ... Dengue fever, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A perspective. ... Consequently, preexisting antibodies do not neutralize infection, but enhance it, possibly by triggering Fcγ receptor‐mediated ...
http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-593280.html
Japanese encephalitis virus-primed CD8+ T cells prevent antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis. | Physician...Japanese encephalitis virus-primed CD8+ T cells prevent antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis. | Physician...
Japanese encephalitis virus-primed CD8+ T cells prevent antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis.. Jun 8, 2020 ... the viral burden and mortality of ZIKV-infected mice and abrogating the lethal effects of antibody-mediated enhancement of ZIKV ... However, it is unclear how the interplay between cross-reactive antibodies and T cells tilts the balance toward pathogenesis ... Conversely, cross-reactive anti-ZIKV antibodies or CD8+ T cells displayed the same pathogenic or protective effects upon JEV ...
https://www.physiciansweekly.com/japanese-encephalitis-virus-primed-cd8-t-cells-prevent-antibody-dependent-enhancement-of-zika-virus-pathogenesis/
Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 | Clinical and...Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 | Clinical and...
Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12. Quoc H. Nguyen, ... Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 ... Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 ... Enhancement of Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Neonatal Cells by Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-12 ...
https://cvi.asm.org/content/5/1/98
Antibody dependent enhancement infection of Enterovirus 71 in vitro and in vivo | Virology Journal | Full TextAntibody dependent enhancement infection of Enterovirus 71 in vitro and in vivo | Virology Journal | Full Text
Antibody dependent enhancement (ADE) infection has been reported in various viruses and has been shown to contribute to disease ... In this study, the presence of sub-neutralizing antibody was demonstrated to enhance EV71 infection in THP-1 cells and increase ... and raise practical issues of vaccine development and antibody-based therapy. ... Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of virus infection is a phenomenon in which preexisting sub-neutralizing antibodies ...
https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1743-422X-8-106
Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced antiviral transcription factor (STAT-1 and NF-kappa B) complexes by antibody...Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced antiviral transcription factor (STAT-1 and NF-kappa B) complexes by antibody...
... this interaction facilitates entry of virus into the cell and is referred to as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of ... Subneutralizing concentrations of antibody may enhance virus infection by bringing the virus-antibody complex into contact with ... transcription factor complexes was shown to depend on replicating virus and was not simply a result of general antibody-Fc- ... Molecular mechanisms involved in antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection in humans.. Jacky Flipse, Jan C. ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Suppression-of-lipopolysaccharide-induced-antiviral-Mahalingam-Lidbury/03ff79f01621588c38ca32818d8418413ee39866
dengue virus symptoms and cure in children - Yahoo Search Resultsdengue virus symptoms and cure in children - Yahoo Search Results
Antibody-dependent enhancement - Wikipedia. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody-dependent_enhancement. See all results for this ... Dengue antibodies may provide some protection against COVID-19. www.thehealthsite.com/news/previous-exposure-to... ... Avian anti-NS1 IgY antibodies neutralize dengue virus .... www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S... ...
https://search.yahoo.com/mobile/s?p=dengue+virus+symptoms+and+cure+in+children&ei=UTF-8&_tsrc=apple&age=1w&fr2=time&btf=w
Case Update: July 7th, 2020; Antibody Dependent EnhancementCase Update: July 7th, 2020; Antibody Dependent Enhancement
Ill also have an important message about antibody dependent enhancement. Cases continued to rise unchecked in the US, ... Case Update: July 7th, 2020; Antibody Dependent Enhancement. July 7, 2020. All Articles, Antibody, Case Update, Fatality Rate, ... Antibody Dependent Enhancement: Several years ago, scientists were developing a vaccine against Dengue Fever, a mosquito borne ... 1 thought on "Case Update: July 7th, 2020; Antibody Dependent Enhancement" * Pingback: Americas Frontline Doctors Video , ...
https://doubloondiagnostic.com/2020/07/07/case-update-july-7th-2020-antibody-dependent-enhancement/
Stalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem | Scientific ReportsStalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem | Scientific Reports
... yet they do not have antibody-dependent enhancement activity. ... Furthermore, antibodies indudced by these HA stems have broad ... Passive transfer of immune serum demonstrates the protection is mediated by stem-specific antibodies. ... HA stem-directed broadly neutralizing antibodies with high affinity. Mice vaccinated with the group 1 HA mini-stems are ... report the design of a bacterially expressed polypeptide that mimics a H5 HA stem by protein minimization to focus the antibody ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep22666?error=cookies_not_supported&code=97075c3e-292b-4902-802c-8ef87eb422dc
February - 2010 - ervFebruary - 2010 - erv
When Good Antibodies Go Bad: Antibody-Dependent Enhancement. Posted by ERV on February 19, 2010 ... antibodies even make nice cancer therapies. One of the great things about antibodies is that the cells that make them? They ... Antibodies are normally a good thing. Neutralize viruses and bacterial toxins, tag bacteria for complement so they get blown up ... No meaningful anti-XMRV antibodies. Still no XMRV in the Europe. Longer "Absence… ...
http://scienceblogs.com/erv/2010/02/
Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies - PubMedAntibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies - PubMed
Data from the study of SARS-CoV and other respiratory viruses suggest that anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could exacerbate COVID-19 ... Antibody-based drugs and vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are being expedited ... Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies Wen Shi Lee 1 , Adam K Wheatley 1 2 , Stephen J Kent 3 4 5 ... Antibody-dependent enhancement and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and therapies Wen Shi Lee et al. Nat Microbiol. 2020 Oct. . ...
https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=amd&id=22232
Monoclonal antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo and strategies for prevention | PNASMonoclonal antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo and strategies for prevention | PNAS
antibody-dependent enhancement;. E,. envelope protein;. DHF,. dengue hemorrhagic fever;. DSS,. dengue shock syndrome;. MOI,. ... Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) has been proposed as an underlying pathogenic mechanism of DHF/DSS (3). ADE occurs because ... mAb IgG 1A5 up-regulated DENV infection by a mechanism of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in a variety of Fc receptor- ... Monoclonal antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo and strategies for prevention. Ana P. ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/104/22/9422?ijkey=e6a86fec6ed5495e07d0323f79c641fa1e08d4ac&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Cancer immunotherapy - WikipediaCancer immunotherapy - Wikipedia
... enhancement of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and CR3-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Complement-dependent ... Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) requires antibodies to bind to target cell surfaces. Antibodies are formed ... Naked monoclonal antibodies are antibodies without added elements. Most antibody therapies use this antibody type. Conjugated ... Chimeric antibodies attempt to reduce murine antibodies immunogenicity by replacing part of the antibody with the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy
AFM Task Force Report | Board of Scientific Counselors | CDCAFM Task Force Report | Board of Scientific Counselors | CDC
Diagnostic (intrathecal), pathogenic antibodies (autoantibodies). *Antibody-dependent enhancement. Support for broad approaches ... Support for measuring antibody response to infection in serum and CSF. * ... Kinetics of disease suggest that antibody-mediated pathology is unlikely. *Low priority given to measuring autoantibody ...
https://www.cdc.gov/ddid/bsc/afm-report.html
Dengue Fever, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A Perspective - PubMedDengue Fever, COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2), and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A Perspective - PubMed
Here, we review the possible antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurrence, know … ... Antibody-dependent enhancement of coronavirus. Wen J, Cheng Y, Ling R, Dai Y, Huang B, Huang W, Zhang S, Jiang Y. Wen J, et al. ... and Antibody-Dependent Enhancement (ADE): A Perspective Henning Ulrich 1 , Micheli M Pillat 2 , Attila Tárnok 3 4 5 ... Antibody Dependent Enhancement Due to Original Antigenic Sin and the Development of SARS. Fierz W, Walz B. Fierz W, et al. ...
https://phgkb.cdc.gov/PHGKB/phgHome.action?action=forward&dbsource=cov&id=40963
Absence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infectivity in the epidemic neuropathy in Cuba. Absence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infectivity in the epidemic neuropathy in Cuba.
Absence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of viral infectivity in the epidemic neuropathy in Cuba. Guzmá 관련메뉴. ; n, M G ...
http://www.ndsl.kr/ndsl/search/detail/article/articleSearchResultDetail.do?cn=NART00103122
Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection<...Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection<...
"Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection",. abstract = "We have shown that antibody- ... Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection. In: Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2007 ; Vol. ... Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus infection. Ayato Takada, Hideki Ebihara, Heinz Feldmann, ... Takada A, Ebihara H, Feldmann H, Geisbert T, Kawaoka Y. Epitopes required for antibody-dependent enhancement of Ebola virus ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/epitopes-required-for-antibody-dependent-enhancement-of-ebola-vir
Table of Contents - November 17, 2017, 358 (6365) | ScienceTable of Contents - November 17, 2017, 358 (6365) | Science
Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans. By Leah C. Katzelnick, Lionel Gresh, M. Elizabeth Halloran, ... A long-term Nicaraguan pediatric cohort reveals that a narrow range of preexisting antibody titers increases the risk of severe ...
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/358/6365
AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsPhenomena and ProcessesAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaHealth CareGeographicals
Antibody-Dependent EnhancementAntibody-Dependent Cell CytotoxicityAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodiesImmunoglobulin GKiller Cells, NaturalCytotoxicity, ImmunologicAntibody SpecificityDengue VirusDengueAntibodies, BispecificSevere DengueAntibodies, ViralReceptors, IgGImmune System DiseasesBone Marrow CellsErythrocytesAntibody FormationMice, Inbred C57BLFeline Infectious PeritonitisCoronavirus, FelineInfluenza VaccinesInfluenza, HumanInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeCamptothecaInfluenza A virusMembrane FusionCross ProtectionCubaEnvironmental Policy
MonoclonalCross-reactiveInfectionReceptorGlycoproteinDENVConcentrationMolecularHumansZikaPathogenesisResponsesComplexesVaccinesInduceEpitopesMonoclonal antibodySerotypeMechanismCoronavirusOccursProtectiveMicePathogenProteinEbolaDetection of neutraliziMediateMAbsTiterVivoInfluenzaAssayEffector functionsSerum containingBroadly neutraliziPhenomenonChikungunya virus
Monoclonal3
  • Monoclonal antibodies and human serum samples were used in the assays. (deepdyve.com)
  • The assay allowed the detection of DENV growth with inoculation doses ranging from 10 2 PFU/ml to 10 6 PFU/ml using monoclonal antibodies and undiluted or diluted serum samples. (deepdyve.com)
  • We isolated three potent ZIKV-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (nmAbs) from the plasmablasts of a ZIKV-infected patient-SMZAb1, SMZAb2, and SMZAb5-directed against two different domains of the virus. (emory.edu)
Cross-reactive8
  • Infection with DENV elicits antibody responses to the envelope glycoprotein, predominantly against immunodominant, cross-reactive, weakly-neutralizing epitopes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cross-reactivity reduced and wild-type vaccine candidates were similarly immunogenic in outbred mice and elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody, however mice immunized with cross-reactivity reduced vaccines produced significantly reduced levels of immunodominant cross-reactive antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ADE occurs when cross-reactive weakly- or non-neutralizing antibodies bind to viruses and form antibody-virus complexes that enhance infection of Fcγ receptor bearing cells resulting in an increase in virus load. (biomedcentral.com)
  • His Postdoctoral research focuses on exploring the use of cross-reactive antibodies to boost efficacy of live vaccines, with the ultimate aim to develop vaccines that are safe and immunogenic. (conferenceseries.com)
  • With increasing disease outbreaks caused by virus infections, vaccines will have to be delivered to both adults and children, who may have pre-existing cross-reactive antibodies due to previous exposure with an antigenically related virus strain. (conferenceseries.com)
  • We and others have shown in vitro that cross-reactive antibodies can improve vaccine efficacy by enhancing LAV infection in Fc gamma-receptor (FcgR) expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs), a process known as antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). (conferenceseries.com)
  • To generate a range of cross-reactive antibodies concentrations, subjects were divided into 3 groups, where they were given JE and YF vaccines at either 1-month (Group 1), 4-months (Group 2) or 9-months (Group 3) apart. (conferenceseries.com)
  • A specific range of cross-reactive antibodies from JE vaccination enhanced YF immunogenicity, which is consistent with in vitro ADE of virus infection of FcgR-expressing APCs. (conferenceseries.com)
Infection4
  • Thus, antibody concentration rather than multiplicity of infection was defined as the main determinant in ADE assays using FcγR-expressing BHK cells. (deepdyve.com)
  • These weakly-neutralizing antibodies are implicated in enhancing infection via Fcγ receptor bearing cells and can lead to increased viral loads that are associated with severe disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Chan Kuan Rong is an Immunologist, specializing in elucidating the role of antibodies in dengue virus infection. (conferenceseries.com)
  • During his doctoral studies, he identified two co-receptors, Fc-gamma receptor IIB and leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor B1, that are involved in antibody-mediated dengue virus neutralization and infection enhancement, respectively. (conferenceseries.com)
Receptor1
Glycoprotein1
  • The envelope (E) glycoprotein is responsible for eliciting the majority of the protective DENV antibody response. (biomedcentral.com)
DENV2
  • We examined antibody concentration and virus concentration and analyzed whether antibody concentration or DENV-antibody ratio determines ADE activity. (deepdyve.com)
  • The results indicate that antibody concentration rather than DENV-antibody ratio determines the demonstration of ADE activity. (deepdyve.com)
Concentration1
Molecular1
  • We further employed a systems biology approach encompassing viremia, transcriptomics, metabolomics and cytokine profiling to explain the molecular basis behind antibody-enhanced YF vaccination. (conferenceseries.com)
Humans1
  • Given that numerous antibodies have exceptional safety profiles in humans, the cocktail described here could be rapidly developed to protect uninfected pregnant women and their fetuses. (emory.edu)
Zika18
  • Japanese encephalitis virus-primed CD8+ T cells prevent antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis. (physiciansweekly.com)
  • Because dengue and Zika viruses co-circulate in the urban Aedes aegypti mosquito-human cycle, a logical question, as suggested by in vitro data, is whether dengue virus infections result in antibody-dependent enhancement of Zika virus infections. (cdc.gov)
  • By contrast, broadly neutralizing DENV monoclonal antibodies directed at a conformational quaternary epitope on the virion formed at the interface of 2 envelope dimer epitopes (EDE1 and EDE2) potently neutralized Zika virus in a picomolar range similar to the neutralization of DENV ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
  • If Zika virus infections are enhanced by DENV antibodies, might ADE also occur after administering a dengue vaccine? (cdc.gov)
  • Indeed, if Zika virus infections can be enhanced by DENV antibodies, might that also be an outcome following administration of a poorly protective Zika virus vaccine? (cdc.gov)
  • Correspondingly, might Zika virus antibodies enhance DENV infections? (cdc.gov)
  • Because many flaviviruses infect humans in Africa, it was logical to ask if antibodies to these viruses enhanced Zika virus infections. (cdc.gov)
  • Nor was Zika disease reported from India or Southeast Asia, where Zika virus and DENV co-circulated, evidenced by detection of neutralizing antibodies in humans as early as 1954 ( 8 - 10 ). (cdc.gov)
  • However, it is unclear how the interplay between cross-reactive antibodies and T cells tilts the balance toward pathogenesis versus protection during secondary Zika virus ( ZIKV ) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections . (bvsalud.org)
  • Because we can see that high levels of anti-dengue antibodies showed some protection against Zika, perhaps if you immunize a person against dengue, you could reduce the risk for Zika as well," Marques said. (healio.com)
  • A team of biologists from the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York City have now found that mice with antibodies from dengue or West Nile virus have a greater risk of developing Zika. (wired.co.uk)
  • Zika surface proteins are of the same flavivirus family as dengue and the close similarities between the two mean that their antibodies can respond to each other in complex and dangerous ways. (wired.co.uk)
  • In 2016, a team from Imperial College London found that the Zika virus is far more likely to infect human cells if they had already been exposed to dengue antibodies. (wired.co.uk)
  • If antibodies in the blood hinder the body's efforts to fight off the Zika virus, how then are healthcare systems meant to protect those at greatest risk ? (wired.co.uk)
  • We have previously shown that monoclonal antibodies targeting the Zika virus nonstructural NS1 protein are protective without inducing antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. (nih.gov)
  • Researchers report evidence of antibody-dependent enhancement in a Zika-infected, immunocompromised mouse model. (the-scientist.com)
  • He suspects preexisting antibodies could be neutralizing the virus, and the immune system's memory T cells that recognize the closely related dengue could be offering protection against Zika. (scientificamerican.com)
  • When Zika virus emerged in northeastern Brazil in 2015 and spread rapidly across the Americas, causing thousands of severe birth defects in the babies of women whom the virus infected during pregnancy, antibody-dependent enhancement due to preexisting dengue antibodies emerged as a hypothesis in the scientific community to explain the Zika congenital syndrome. (scientificamerican.com)
Pathogenesis2
  • These results have implications for studies of dengue pathogenesis and for vaccine development, because enhancement, not just lack of protection, is of concern. (sciencemag.org)
  • Circulating immune complexes play an important role in the modulation of antibody responses and in the pathogenesis of immune diseases. (diva-portal.org)
Responses9
  • Adaptive immune responses include antibodies. (chop.edu)
  • However, not all antibody responses are created equal. (chop.edu)
  • It is hypothesized that the children developed antibody responses that were not capable of neutralizing the natural virus circulating in the community. (chop.edu)
  • These findings imply that antibody-mediated suppression of humoral responses against particulate antigens is Fc-independent and that the major operating mechanism is masking of epitopes. (diva-portal.org)
  • An analysis of the ability of IgG3 to mediate this regulation indicated that, in contrast, this subclass of IgG augments antibody responses independently of FcγRI (and FcγRIII). (diva-portal.org)
  • The protective responses induced by current human influenza vaccines still primarily depend on vaccine-induced neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against the HA head 1 . (nature.com)
  • The accumulation of amino acid changes and glycosylation sites in the globular head domain might render pre-existing antibody responses obsolete. (nature.com)
  • 100% (38 out of 38) of trial participants demonstrated overall immunological responses based on binding and neutralizing antibody responses and T cell immune responses. (prnewswire.com)
  • B cell clonal expansion and convergent antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2. (stanford.edu)
Complexes4
  • However, whether the antibody blocks attachment or fusion, the resulting immune complexes are expected to be phagocytosed by Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-bearing cells and cleared from circulation. (nih.gov)
  • This is caused by the uptake of dengue virus-antibody complexes by Fc gamma R. We previously reported that Fc gamma RI can mediate antibody-dependent enhancement. (jimmunol.org)
  • This phenomenon called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) occurs when virus-antibody complexes bind to the Fc gamma R via the Fc portion of the Ig. (jimmunol.org)
  • The suppression of antiviral transcription factor complexes was shown to depend on replicating virus and was not simply a result of general antibody-Fc-receptor interaction. (edu.au)
Vaccines8
  • I've had several questions about antibody-dependent enhancement, which has always been a worry as the coronavirus vaccines have been developed. (sciencemag.org)
  • Trials will need to assess if the vaccines cause disease enhancement - a potentially dangerous side effect in which the vaccine makes the disease worse in some individuals instead of preventing it. (seenthis.net)
  • Disease enhancement has been seen in animal studies of vaccines developed to fight a close cousin of the virus that causes COVID-19. (seenthis.net)
  • Many vaccines work by inducing neutralizing antibodies. (chop.edu)
  • Examples include cancer vaccines and CAR-T cell, and targeted antibody therapies. (wikipedia.org)
  • Cross-reactivity reduced and wild-type vaccine candidates were similarly immunogenic in outbred mice and elicited high levels of neutralizing antibody, however mice immunized with cross-reactivity reduced vaccines produced significantly reduced levels of immunodominant cross-reactive antibodies. (biomedcentral.com)
  • 1 Convalescent plasma, or purified antibodies from the plasma (hyperimmune globulin), was often used in clinical practice before the advent of vaccines, including during the influenza pandemic of 1918. (bmj.com)
  • A family of broadly neutralizing antibodies from a chronically infected donor provides a schematic for designing vaccines and treatments that target multiple strains of the virus. (the-scientist.com)
Induce1
  • Interestingly, compared with ZEBOV, Reston Ebola virus (REBOV) had substantially weaker potential to induce ADE antibodies. (utmb.edu)
Epitopes3
  • A major subset of these cross-reactive antibodies is directed to immuno-dominant epitopes involving determinants mapped to the flavivirus-conserved fusion peptide in the envelope glycoprotein (E) ( 11 - 13 ). (pnas.org)
  • Using monoclonal antibodies, we identified ZEBOV-specific ADE epitopes. (utmb.edu)
  • It contains the main epitopes recognized by neutralizing antibodies (virus-particular and cross-reactive epitopes) [5,6]. (aboutsciencenow.info)
Monoclonal antibody5
  • Monoclonal antibody (mAb) ascites fluid production in mice is a well described method of antibody production, although ethical questions regarding the pain and distress of the animals utilized in this process have been raised. (hindawi.com)
  • Monoclonal antibody (mAb) ascites fluid production in mice is a well described method of antibody production [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Structural Insights into the Neutralization Properties of the Fully Human, Anti-interferon Monoclonal Antibody Sifalimumab. (astrazeneca.com)
  • FN1 Conflict of interest: Wayne A. Marasco is an inventor on a provisional patent entitled, "Flavivirus neutralizing antibodies and methods of use thereof" that is owned by the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and covers the monoclonal antibody used in these studies. (ajtmh.org)
  • A Diverse Panel of Hepatitis C Virus Glycoproteins for Use in Vaccine Research Reveals Extremes of Monoclonal Antibody Neutralization Resistance. (semanticscholar.org)
Serotype3
  • If a person is infected by one serotype of dengue virus, they typically have mild disease and generate a protective immune response, including neutralizing antibodies, against that serotype. (chop.edu)
  • These studies suggested that DHF/DSS is 15C80 times more frequent in secondary infections than in primary ones, and that up to 99% of DHF cases reveal heterotypic antibodies to the dengue serotype causing the DHF [27]. (aboutsciencenow.info)
  • Hepatitis C patient-derived glycoproteins exhibit marked differences in susceptibility to serum neutralizing antibodies: genetic subtype defines antigenic but not neutralization serotype. (semanticscholar.org)
Mechanism3
  • Sometimes antibodies do not prevent cell entry and, on rare occasions, they may actually increase the ability of a virus to enter cells and cause a worsening of disease through a mechanism called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). (chop.edu)
  • Here we present evidence indicating that antibodies able to enhance infectivity of authentic Ebola Zaire virus are produced in humans and propose a novel mechanism for this antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) in which the complement protein C1q mediates the enhancement. (asm.org)
  • Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) has been proposed as an underlying pathogenic mechanism of DHF/DSS ( 3 ). (pnas.org)
Coronavirus4
  • For the coronavirus, a straightforward example of a neutralizing antibody would be on that binds to the tip of the Spike protein, the receptor-binding domain (RBD) that is the part that recognizes and binds to the human ACE2 protein on a cell surface. (sciencemag.org)
  • So there are plenty of ways to get neutralizing antibodies, with various ways of binding to the Spike protein and in binding to other coronavirus proteins as well. (sciencemag.org)
  • But there are also plenty of ways to get non -neutralizing antibodies, ones that stick to some part of the coronavirus particle without really inconveniencing it much. (sciencemag.org)
  • An artist's rendering shows antibodies surrounding a coronavirus. (wustl.edu)
Occurs2
Protective2
  • But there is always the concern that the antibodies are protective to a certain point, and once they reach a certain level they are now a risk for severe disease. (scienceblog.com)
  • The biochemical and functional properties of a protective antibody response are not known. (nih.gov)
Mice6
  • As reported here, analgesics may be administered upon recognition of pain in mice used for mAb ascites fluid production without affecting antibody concentration or quality and may warrant further evaluation as a refinement in other hybridoma cell lines. (hindawi.com)
  • Here we develop mouse and human anti-NS1 monoclonal antibodies that protect against ZIKV in both non-pregnant and pregnant mice. (nature.com)
  • The worst cases were recorded when the mice were exposed to plasma from humans who had developed antibodies from dengue or West Nile. (wired.co.uk)
  • Wild-type mice were vaccinated with an NS1-expressing DNA plasmid followed by two adjuvanted protein boosters, which elicited high antibody titers. (nih.gov)
  • The researchers gave separate groups of mice the original or the mutated SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, or a placebo antibody that does not recognize SARS-CoV-2. (wustl.edu)
  • Regardless of whether the effector functions of the antibodies were intact, the SARS-CoV-2 antibodies protected the mice against disease. (wustl.edu)
Pathogen4
  • Instead, these antibodies act as a "Trojan horse," allowing the pathogen to get into cells and exacerbate the immune response. (chop.edu)
  • A neutralizing antibody (NAb) is an antibody that defends a cell from a pathogen or infectious particle by neutralizing any effect it has biologically. (wikipedia.org)
  • Neutralizing antibodies can inhibit the infectivity by binding to the pathogen and block the molecules needed for cell entry. (wikipedia.org)
  • The pathogen-antibody complex is eventually taken up and degraded by macrophages. (wikipedia.org)
Protein4
  • Here, we report the design of a bacterially expressed polypeptide that mimics a H5 HA stem by protein minimization to focus the antibody response towards the HA stem. (nature.com)
  • William Dall'Acqua is Senior Director Research & Development at MedImmune, Gaithersburg, where he supervises a group in the Department of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering. (astrazeneca.com)
  • Immunofluorescence microscopy with dengue specific antibody and fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated anti-mouse IgG antibody clearly showed that recombinant protein Co1-scEDIII-AGA was localized on the cell surface of the respective clones in comparison with scEDIII-Co1 and Mock cells with no fluorescence. (springer.com)
  • This protein is responsible for recognizing antibodies and then engulfing whatever might be attached for destruction. (huffingtonpost.ca)
Ebola2
  • To detect virus-infected cells, we used rabbit antiserum to VP40 of Ebola Zaire species ( 12 ) as a primary antibody to abolish any cross-reactivity with the mouse MAb. (asm.org)
  • Os primeiros gromos coñecidos desta enfermidade aconteceron en 1976 no sur do Sudán e en rexións preto do río Ébola (ou Ebola), na actual República Democrática do Congo (antes Zaire). (wikipedia.org)
Detection of neutralizi1
  • This study, therefore, aimed to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-based microneutralization test (EMNT) for the detection of neutralizing antibodies to mosquito-borne flaviviruses. (mdpi.com)
Mediate1
  • These findings suggest that distinct mechanisms mediate the enhancing effect of different subclasses of antibodies. (diva-portal.org)
MAbs2
  • Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were produced as described previously ( 29 ). (asm.org)
  • Furthermore, 35 hybridoma cell lines producing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Hbl L 2 , L 1 and B were generated. (mdpi.com)
Titer1
  • However, in case of a low NAb titer, ADE may be observed following binding of the SARS‐CoV‐2/antibody complex to ACE2, internalization of the complex and IgG induced stimulation. (cdc.gov)
Vivo3
  • however not all cell lines produce the required quantity or quality of antibodies as compared to the in vivo ascites method [ 1 , 9 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Avidity of antibody binding to cell-surface NS1 along with Fc effector functions engagement correlate with protection in vivo. (nature.com)
  • These proteins are also the primary targets of neutralizing antibodies elicited in vivo . (nih.gov)
Influenza1
  • The hemagglutinin (HA) stem is a promising target for universal influenza vaccine as stem-specific antibodies have the potential to be broadly cross-reactive towards different HA subtypes. (nature.com)
Assay1
  • While the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is considered the gold standard for determining neutralizing antibody levels to flaviviruses, the assay is time-consuming and laborious. (mdpi.com)
Effector functions5
  • In contrast, envelope-specific antibodies did not activate Fc-mediated effector functions on infected cells. (nih.gov)
  • Such abilities are collectively known as antibody effector functions. (wustl.edu)
  • Some of the companies removed the effector functions from their antibodies, and other companies are trying to optimize the effector functions," said senior author Michael S. Diamond, MD, PhD , the Herbert S. Gasser Professor of Medicine. (wustl.edu)
  • Other companies took the opposite tack: strengthening antibody effector functions to potentially boost the potency of their drugs. (wustl.edu)
  • To determine the role of antibody effector functions in COVID-19, Diamond and colleagues, including first author Emma Winkler, an MD/PhD student in Diamond's lab, and co-senior author James E. Crowe Jr., MD, of Vanderbilt University Medical Center, started with an antibody that is very effective at recognizing and neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. (wustl.edu)
Serum containing1
  • So it's been known since the 1890s in the case of diphtheria, that you could take serum containing antibodies or plasma containing antibodies from children or adults who recovered. (harvard.edu)
Broadly neutralizi2
  • It is resistant to thermal/chemical stress and it binds to conformation-specific, HA stem-directed broadly neutralizing antibodies with high affinity. (nature.com)
  • The conserved stem domain contains a greater proportion of vulnerable sites targeted by broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) than the variable head domain 6 . (nature.com)
Phenomenon2
Chikungunya virus1
The Fc and not CD4 receptor mediates antibody enhancement of HIV infection in human cells | Science
The Fc and not CD4 receptor mediates antibody enhancement of HIV infection in human cells | Science (science.sciencemag.org)
Scientific Program Day 1
Scientific Program Day 1 (syntheticbiology.conferenceseries.com)
Stalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem | Scientific Reports
Stalking influenza by vaccination with pre-fusion headless HA mini-stem | Scientific Reports (nature.com)
AFM Task Force Report | Board of Scientific Counselors | CDC
AFM Task Force Report | Board of Scientific Counselors | CDC (cdc.gov)
Table of Contents - November 17, 2017, 358 (6365) | Science
Table of Contents - November 17, 2017, 358 (6365) | Science (science.sciencemag.org)
Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans | Science
Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe dengue disease in humans | Science (science.sciencemag.org)
Supplement to Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection | PNAS
Supplement to Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection | PNAS (pnas.org)
Monoclonal antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo and strategies for prevention | PNAS
Monoclonal antibody-mediated enhancement of dengue virus infection in vitro and in vivo and strategies for prevention | PNAS (pnas.org)
Severe Dengue Epidemics in Sri Lanka, 2003-2006 - Volume 15, Number 2-February 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases journal - CDC
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Antibodies targeting epitopes on the cell-surface form of NS1 protect against Zika virus infection during pregnancy | Nature...
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CDC Acute Flaccid Myelitis Update, May 2019 | Board of Scientific Counselors | CDC
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'immune sera' Protocols and Video...
'immune sera' Protocols and Video... (jove.com)
Enhanced SIV replication and accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques primed to mount a CD4 T cell response to the SIV...
Enhanced SIV replication and accelerated progression to AIDS in macaques primed to mount a CD4 T cell response to the SIV... (pnas.org)
Impacts of Zika emergence in Latin America on endemic dengue transmission | Nature Communications
Impacts of Zika emergence in Latin America on endemic dengue transmission | Nature Communications (nature.com)
William Dall'Acqua - Ambassadors - AstraZeneca
William Dall'Acqua - Ambassadors - AstraZeneca (astrazeneca.com)
Healthcare researchers recognized at SingHealth Duke-NUS Scientific Congress 2012 | EurekAlert! Science News
Healthcare researchers recognized at SingHealth Duke-NUS Scientific Congress 2012 | EurekAlert! Science News (eurekalert.org)
Role of Dendritic Cells in Antibody-Dependent Enhancement of Dengue Virus Infection | Journal of Virology
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Figure 5 - Severe Dengue Epidemics in Sri Lanka, 2003-2006 - Volume 15, Number 2-February 2009 - Emerging Infectious Diseases...
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3 Assessment of Therapeutic Trials | Integrating Clinical Research into Epidemic Response: The Ebola Experience | The National...
3 Assessment of Therapeutic Trials | Integrating Clinical Research into Epidemic Response: The Ebola Experience | The National... (nap.edu)
Toxins | Free Full-Text | Evidence for Complex Formation of the Bacillus cereus Haemolysin BL Components in Solution | HTML
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Coronavirus (COVID-19): Press Conference with Barry Bloom and Bill Hanage, 08/25/20 | News | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public...
Coronavirus (COVID-19): Press Conference with Barry Bloom and Bill Hanage, 08/25/20 | News | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public... (hsph.harvard.edu)
Vaccines | Free Full-Text | A Simple and High-Throughput ELISA-Based Neutralization Assay for the Determination of Anti...
Vaccines | Free Full-Text | A Simple and High-Throughput ELISA-Based Neutralization Assay for the Determination of Anti... (mdpi.com)
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Community Academic Profiles - Faculty & Researchers - Stanford Medicine (med.stanford.edu)
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Benjamin Pinsky | Stanford Medicine Profiles (med.stanford.edu)
Labs | Infectious Diseases | Stanford Medicine
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Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Associated Markers in Severe Dengue
Macrophage Activation Syndrome-Associated Markers in Severe Dengue (medsci.org)
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Ébola - Wikipedia, a enciclopedia libre
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Balance between short and long isoforms of cFLIP regulates Fas-mediated apoptosis in vivo | PNAS
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Side Effects and Data Gaps Raise Questions on COVID Vaccine
Side Effects and Data Gaps Raise Questions on COVID Vaccine (articles.mercola.com)
WHO Ebola Drug Panel: Use Survivor Serum To Treat Ebola Victims
WHO Ebola Drug Panel: Use Survivor Serum To Treat Ebola Victims (forbes.com)