Amoxicillin

Peptostreptococcus

Cephamycin

Streptomyces violaceus

Latamoxef

Streptomyces olivaceus

Streptomyces cattleya

Streptomyces clavuligerus

Ceftriaxone

Ceftiofur

Richard Sykes (biochemist)

Thienamycin

Spinal muscular atrophy

Carbapenem

Cefalexin

Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae

Penicilloic acid

Antibiosis

Pneumococcal infection

Zinc D-Ala-D-Ala carboxypeptidase

DD-transpeptidase

Vicenistatin

Meticillin

Streptomyces halstedii

Pseudomonas acidophila

Wolfgang Klietmann

Beta-lactamase

Meropenem

Bacterial morphological plasticity

Tabtoxin

Cefuroxime axetil

Moclobemide

Atypical pneumonia

효소 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전

Lysobacter

Drug class

Streptococcus dysgalactiae

Benzylpenicillin

Aspergillomarasmine A

اسپکتینومایسین - ویکی‌پدیا

Lemierre's syndrome

2-Azetidinone

Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Sepsis

Penisilin bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

Rifaximin

Lactone

Cefetamet

Nafcillin

HACEK organisms

Pseudomonas

Quinolone antibiotic

Stampa:Penicillin

Dorothy Hodgkin

Plasmid-mediated resistance

Mycobacterium fortuitum

Natural product

ന്യുമോണിയ - വിക്കിപീഡിയ

Thioridazine

Cephalosporins25

• It is now well established that the penicillins and the cephalosporins, the two main groups of antibiotics containing a β lactam ring stimulate in man and in experimental animals a specific immunological response (for recent reviews see Schwartz 1969, Parker 1972, Schneider 1970). (springer.com)
• Any of a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as the penicillins and the cephalosporins, that contain a beta-lactam ring. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Like most carbapenemases, KPCs are enzymes which inactivate all beta-lactam antibiotics , including carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins and monobactams. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Lot 2 - antibiotics (Other beta-lactam antibiotics third generation cephalosporins, other beta-lactam antibiotics cephalosporins fourth generation) - 21. (thefreedictionary.com)
• In 2010 the two most common classes of β-lactam antibiotics, the penicillins and cephalosporins, accounted for nearly 60% of world antibiotic consumption, with delivery of over 20 billion doses of penicillin-derived antibiotics. (aiche.org)
• Beginning with the discovery of penicillin, β-lactam antibiotics and their more potent and broad-spectrum derivatives (for example, cephalosporins and carbapenems) have markedly improved human health and remain the most heavily used class of antibiotics ( 1 ). (sciencemag.org)
• 2) ESBLs are plasmid-mediated enzymes (3) and have the ability to hydrolyze diverse types of the newer beta-lactam antibiotics , including extendedspectrum cephalosporins of the 3rd and 4th generation (e.g. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The beta lactam antibiotics (e.g. penicillins, cephalosporins) and the aminoglycosides (e.g. gentamicin) kill bacteria by different means. (cochrane.org)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics include the penicillins and cephalosporins. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Studies of mycobacterial cell wall permeability, which was assayed with a panel of reference cephalosporins and penicillins with different charge positivities, indicated that the rate of penetration of beta-lactam antibiotics to the target PBPs could not account for resistance. (asm.org)
• These enzymes efficiently inactivate a broad spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems. (merckmillipore.com)
• The Beta-lactam antibiotics are a broad class of antibiotics that includes the penicillins and the cephalosporins. (mpkb.org)
• Penicillins and cephalosporins are the major antibiotics that inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. (mhmedical.com)
• Drugs with structures containing a beta-lactam ring: includes the penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems. (mhmedical.com)
• The beta-lactam ring is part of the structure of several antibiotic families, the principal ones being the penicillins , cephalosporins , carbapenems , and monobactams , which are, therefore, also called beta-lactam antibiotics . (princeton.edu)
• Cephalosporins are β-lactam antibiotics, which are grouped into four generations according to their antibiotic spectrum of activity. (urology-textbook.com)
• According to the University of Texas Medical Branch, however, strains of staph and strep that are resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics are resistant to cephalosporins as well. (livestrong.com)
• The toxicity and adverse reactions of cephalosporins are similar to those of beta-lactams. (livestrong.com)
• Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and the monobactam.What is the mechanism of action of the beta-lactam antibiotics.Find out information about Beta-lactam antibiotic. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Beta-lactam class of antibiotics includes penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems.Combining a beta lactam antibiotic with an aminoglycoside antibiotic may provide certain. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Learn more about beta-lactam antibiotics: penicillins and cephalosporins in the Boundless open textbook. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Mechanism of action of the beta lactam antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins) The beta-lactam antibiotics can kill susceptible. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• 3 If a patient's penicillin allergy is determined by reaction severity or allergy testing to represent a true allergy, then the clinician is faced with the challenge of determining and interpreting the rate of allergic cross-reactivity from the penicillin class to the other beta-lactam classes (ie, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and mono-bactams). (pharmacytimes.com)
• It appears that cross-reactivity between penicillins and cephalosporins is more likely associated with structurally similar side chains rather than the beta-lactam ring itself. (pharmacytimes.com)
• The β lactams are a family of antimicrobial agents consisting of four major groups: penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, and carbapenems (table 1). (bmj.com)

Ampicillin13

• com)-- Bioo Scientific's MaxSignal[R] Beta-Lactam ELISA Test Kit has been validated for the screening of a wide range of beta-lactam antibiotics including ampicillin, penicillin G, amoxicillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, nafcillin, cloxacillin, oxacillin, cefoperazone, ceftiofur and other beta-lactams in a number of food matrices. (thefreedictionary.com)
• BetaStar® Advanced for Beta-lactams is a rapid detection test for penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, cephapirin and ceftiofur in raw, commingled cow milk, offering results in just five minutes. (neogen.com)
• Ampicillin and cephalexin have lower saturation concentrations than 6-APA and 7-ADCA, respectively, making it possible to supersaturate the solution with respect to the antibiotic. (aiche.org)
• This study investigated the efficacy of two food-grade, plant-derived antimicrobials (PDAs), namely trans -cinnamaldehyde (TC) and eugenol (EG) in decreasing A. baumannii 's resistance to seven β-lactam antibiotics, including ampicillin, methicillin, meropenem, penicillin, aztreonam, amoxicillin, and piperacillin. (frontiersin.org)
• This is in contrast with the rash observed in patients who received beta-lactam antibiotics , mainly ampicillin or amoxicillin, which is associated with a hypersensitivity reaction to the antibiotic (1) and it is usually pruritic and prolonged. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Therefore, ampicillin affinity chromatography was used to purify these four PBPs from crude membranes in order to assay the binding affinities of beta-lactam antibiotics. (asm.org)
• Ampicillin, amoxicillin, and imipenem, beta-lactam antibiotics previously reported to be active in vitro against M. tuberculosis, bound to M. tuberculosis PBPs at therapeutically achievable concentrations. (asm.org)
• ß-lactamase, an enzyme responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance, is encoded in the ampicillin resistance (ampr) gene of many plasmids. (uncg.edu)
• Therefore, the protective capability of the inclusion nano-Complex formed between the sodium salt of poly(maleic acid- alt -octadecene) and a β-lactam drug (ampicillin trihydrate) on the chemical, enzymatic and biological degradation was evaluated. (preprints.org)
• Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ampicillin and amoxicillin were 8-fold higher, and the MIC for cefotaxime was 3-fold higher than for near-isogenic control isolates, consistent with a first step in developing β-lactam resistance. (cdc.gov)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, ampicillin, methicillin, amoxicillin and amoxicillin-clavulanate, are the most common antibiotics used to treat staph and strep infections. (livestrong.com)
• as one of the recommended beta-lactam antibiotics for CAP.BetaStar US is a receptor assay for rapid detection of the beta-lactam antibiotics penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin, and cephapirin.Screen for a broad range of beta-lactam antibiotic residues in milk, meat, tissue, fish, urine and plasma with a single ELISA. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Inspired by the salmochelins, we report the design and chemoenzymatic preparation of glucosylated enterobactin-β-lactam conjugates that harbour the antibiotics ampicillin (Amp) and amoxicillin (Amx), hereafter GlcEnt-Amp/Amx. (rsc.org)

Bacteria56

• Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. (wikipedia.org)
• At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against Gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various Gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness. (wikipedia.org)
• β-lactam antibiotics block not only the division of bacteria, including cyanobacteria, but also the division of cyanelles, the photosynthetic organelles of the glaucophytes, and the division of chloroplasts of bryophytes. (wikipedia.org)
• OP0595, via its unique mode of action, restores the efficacy of beta-lactam antibiotics against infections caused by beta-lactamase producing, antibiotic-resistant bacteria. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The widespread use of antibiotics as growth promoters in agriculture may expose bacteria to low levels of the drugs. (nih.gov)
• These results may shed light on the recalcitrance of some bacterial infections to antibiotic treatment in clinical settings and the evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in agricultural settings. (nih.gov)
• In fact, MRSA bacteria are resistant to nearly all types of antibiotics, especially β-lactam antibiotics [ 2 ]. (mdpi.com)
• Does broad-spectrum beta-lactam resistance due to NDM-1 herald the end of the antibiotic era for treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria? (nih.gov)
• Despite the need for new antibiotics to treat drug-resistant bacteria, current clinical combinations are largely restricted to β-lactam antibiotics paired with β-lactamase inhibitors. (sciencemag.org)
• Augmenting β-lactam antibiotics with a second agent that inhibits β-lactamases-enzymes that hydrolyze the β-lactam core and are the predominant determinant of clinical resistance among Gram-negative bacterial pathogens-has proven a highly effective combination therapy to treat otherwise drug-resistant bacteria ( 6 ). (sciencemag.org)
• This resistance is not only for beta-lactam antibiotics , but also extends to other antibiotic classes through the same plasmid-carrying resistance genes and infection of these bacteria may result in therapeutic failure.2 Beta lactamases cause resistance to beta-lactam agents and are produced by different aerobic gram-negative bacteria (AGNB).3 Hospitals and nursing homes are found as the main reservoirs of ESBLs producing bacteria. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The Cedars-Sinai scientists explain that beta-lactam antibiotics kill normal staph bacteria by inactivating their cell-wall-making enzymes. (thefreedictionary.com)
• The effectiveness of β-lactam antibiotics is under siege by multiple pathogenic bacteria. (springer.com)
• These bacteria can produce β-lactamases that hydrolyze the antibiotic, alter their permeability by increasing efflux or decreasing influx (Gram-negative-specific), and structurally alter existing penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to lower the rate of acylation or obtain a completely new penicillin-binding protein with extremely low rates of acylation by most β-lactam antibiotics. (springer.com)
• Antibiotic resistance is a prevalent problem in modern society, with almost three million cases of antibiotic resistant infections occurring yearly in the U.S.1 When antibiotics were developed as a treatment for disease and infection, most bacteria were susceptible to their antibiotic properties. (uncg.edu)
• ß-lactam antibiotics are a common and effective class of antibiotics, but they too are losing potency as more bacteria develop resistance to them in the form of ß-lactam hydrolysis caused by ß-lactamase. (uncg.edu)
• FDA restricts use of cephalosporin antibiotics in livestock saying it contributes to drug-resistant bacteria in humans. (mpkb.org)
• Background: Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC), plasmid-mediated AmpC-producing E coli (pAmpC-EC), and other bacteria are resistant to important β-lactam antibiotics. (dtu.dk)
• The use of extracorporeal support techniques in the critically ill may further contribute to this problem and we recommend not reducing standard antibiotic dosage since no drug accumulation was found in the available literature and to maintain continuous or prolonged infusion, especially for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. (biomedcentral.com)
• Production of chromosome-encoded β-lactamases confers resistance to β-lactams in many Gram-negative bacteria. (frontiersin.org)
• In Gram-negative bacteria, the production of β-lactamases is the predominant strategy of resistance to β-lactams. (frontiersin.org)
• Further experiments conducted in collaboration with Prof. Mark Wilcox, Professor of Medical Microbiology at Leeds Teaching Hospitals and University of Leeds, demonstrated that the protection offered by DAV132 was associated to the prevention of the colonization and growth of Clostridioides difficile bacteria in the stools of patients, strongly suggesting that the protection achieved by DAV132 could prevent antibiotic-induced C. difficile infection. (davolterra.com)
• How fast bacteria grow influences the efficacy of β-lactams, one of the most commonly used classes of antibiotics. (pnas.org)
• With precise measurements and analyses enabled by experimental automation, we found a robust relationship between growth and lysis rates that is generally applicable to diverse pairs of β-lactams and bacteria. (pnas.org)
• It is widely acknowledged that faster-growing bacteria are killed faster by β-lactam antibiotics. (pnas.org)
• Bacteria can, however, become resistant against beta-lactam antibiotics by expressing beta-lactamase . (princeton.edu)
• Because of the popularity of beta-lactam drugs, certain bacteria have been able to develop counter-measures to traditional drug therapies. (princeton.edu)
• An enzyme called beta-lactamase is present in many different types of bacteria, which serves to 'break' the beta lactam ring, which effectively nullifies the antibiotic's effectiveness. (princeton.edu)
• Many infectious diseases caused by bacteria are fatal without antibiotic treatment. (lecturio.com)
• However, due to increasing resistance and the increased incidence of long underestimated problematic bacteria, such as Acinetobacter baumanii complex, every medical student and practitioner should know the common antibiotics, their indications, and frequent side effects. (lecturio.com)
• Antibiotics are drugs that are used to treat infections caused by bacteria and other organisms, including protozoa, parasites, and fungi. (encyclopedia.com)
• Often, an antibiotic that kills a broad spectrum of bacteria is chosen and several antibiotics may be used together. (encyclopedia.com)
• Ciprofloxacin (Cipro): fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat certain gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and some mycobacteria. (encyclopedia.com)
• Gentamicin (gentamycin) sulfate (generic name product, Garamycin, G-Mycin, Jenamicin): aminoglycoside antibiotic used to treat serious infections by many gram-negative bacteria that cannot be treated with other medicines. (encyclopedia.com)
• Most of these antibiotics kill bacteria by preventing them from making protein for their cell walls. (encyclopedia.com)
• Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole, also known as co-trimoxazole, consists of two antibiotics - trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole - that are effective against a variety of bacteria including staph and strep. (livestrong.com)
• Fluroquinolones are a group of antibiotics that inhibit the process of replication of bacterial genetic material, thereby preventing reproduction of bacteria. (livestrong.com)
• Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of the beta-lactam antibiotics. (bioportfolio.com)
• The BETA-LACTAMASES hydrolyze the beta lactam ring, accounting for BETA-LACTAM RESISTANCE of infective bacteria. (bioportfolio.com)
• Have you ever wondered how antibiotics kill invading bacteria, while leaving human cells alone? (utah.edu)
• Different families of antibiotics have different ways of killing bacteria. (utah.edu)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics kill bacteria that are surrounded by a cell wall. (utah.edu)
• Bacteria build cell walls by linking molecules together-beta-lactams block this process. (utah.edu)
• When you take an antibiotic, it enters your bloodstream and travels through your body, killing bacteria but not human cells. (utah.edu)
• Antibiotics kill not only the bad bacteria making you sick, but also your resident friendly bacteria. (utah.edu)
• Friendly bacteria help keep you healthy in many ways, so when antibiotics kill friendly bacteria, your health can suffer because you lose these benefits. (utah.edu)
• Sometimes opportunistic infection happens when bacteria from the environment get into your body and overrun friendly bacteria damaged by an antibiotic. (utah.edu)
• Other times opportunistic infection begins when antibiotics disturb the balance of your resident microbes, and normally friendly bacteria multiply too quickly and become harmful. (utah.edu)
• When antibiotics kill too many friendly bacteria in the intestine, C. difficile multiplies and produces toxins that make the person sick with symptoms like fever, nausea, diarrhea, and inflammation. (utah.edu)
• One important way to protect your resident bacteria is to take antibiotics only when absolutely necessary. (utah.edu)
• Remember, antibiotics can only kill bacteria, so they're not effective against viruses like the flu or common cold. (utah.edu)
• When you do need to take an antibiotic, you can help minimize damage to friendly bacteria by taking one that targets bad bacteria as specifically as possible. (utah.edu)
• The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of β-lactamase genes and the multidrug resistance profiles in β-lactam-resistant subgingival bacteria from patients with periodontitis. (springer.com)
• The results show that, although β-lactams may still be effective, their future might be hindered by the presence of β-lactam-resistant bacteria and the presence of transferable bla genes. (springer.com)
• Antibiotics in Meat Research Antibiotics in Meat Research Antibiotics are medications that are effective in destroying or slowing down the growth of bacteria. (studentshare.org)
• Our work establishes that siderophore-antibiotic conjugates provide a strategy for targeting virulence, narrowing the activity spectrum of antibiotics in clinical use, and achieving selective delivery of antibacterial cargos to pathogenic bacteria on the basis of siderophore receptor expression. (rsc.org)

Susceptibility10

• We have adapted a Staphylococcus aureus antisense knockdown strategy to genetically identify the cell division Z ring components-FtsA, FtsZ, and FtsW-as β-lactam susceptibility determinants of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). (sciencemag.org)
• Multiple MRSA PC190723 R FtsZ mutants also displayed attenuated virulence and restored susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics in vitro and in a mouse model of imipenem efficacy. (sciencemag.org)
• CA-MRSA typically also has a characteristic antibiotic susceptibility pattern, carries specific virulence toxins such as the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL), and possesses a specific staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCC mec type IV) ( 7 , 18 , 20 , 24 , 28 ). (asm.org)
• Cells expressing OAT1 showed higher susceptibility to cephaloridine (a potentially nephrotoxic β-lactam antibiotic) toxicity than did control cells. (aspetjournals.org)
• Type three exhibited intermediate levels of specific activity and caused reduced susceptibility to cefoxitin, latamoxef and imipenem, although they hydrolysed these antibiotics inefficiently. (nottingham.ac.uk)
• The latter strains slowly hydrolyse imlpenem and other β-lactam compounds and this may be a factor in the reduced susceptibility to these agents. (nottingham.ac.uk)
• In this study, we investigated impacts of such enzymes on susceptibility to β-lactams. (frontiersin.org)
• Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) mediate susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. (semanticscholar.org)
• We report 51 loci, containing 301 SNPs, that are associated with beta-lactam non-susceptibility. (prolekare.cz)
• This is primarily because the diameter of the inhibition zone is always a function of the susceptibility of the microorganism and the amount of antibiotics on the. (studentshare.org)

Infections26

• β-lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. (wikipedia.org)
• For methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections, treatment with antistaphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics are standard. (empr.com)
• Conclusion: The acquisition of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to beta lactam antibiotics in community infections among HIV-1 infected person incentives controls and promotes the rational use of antibiotics. (scirp.org)
• Rates of prescribing of β-lactam antibiotics as initial empirical therapy for patients with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) caused by molecularly and epidemiologically characterized community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates were assessed over a 3-year period. (asm.org)
• Patients who are offered penicillin antibiotics to treat strep or other acute infections should ask for an alternative such as claforan (Cefotaxime). (mpkb.org)
• Penicillin antibiotics are historically significant because they were the first drugs that were effective against many previously serious diseases such as tuberculosis, syphilis, and staphylococcus infections. (mpkb.org)
• The P-lactam antibiotic cephalexin was chosen as the target for the production of antibodies due to its generic cephem-based structure, solubility, and, in particular its use of this antibiotic in treatment of udder infections (e.g. mastitis). (dcu.ie)
• The severity of infections and the frequent resistance in ICU-acquired infections, as well as the numerous pathophysiological specificities related to the critical care setting, make the conduct of beta-lactam treatment in critical care patients challenging. (springer.com)
• The beta-lactams include some of the most effective, widely used, and well-tolerated agents available for the treatment of microbial infections. (mhmedical.com)
• In this study, we examine bacterial antibiotic response to β-lactams, which represent 65% of all antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections ( 11 ). (pnas.org)
• Avibactam is a β-lactamase inhibitor that is in clinical development, combined with β-lactam partners, for the treatment of bacterial infections comprising Gram-negative organisms. (pnas.org)
• A mainstay for treatment of Gram-negative infections is the β-lactam classes of drugs. (pnas.org)
• Aztreonam (Azactam): monobactam antibiotic used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections of the urinary and lower respiratory tracts and the female organs, and infections that are present throughout the body (systemic infections or septicemia). (encyclopedia.com)
• Sulfamethoxazole-Trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP) (generic name product, Bactrim, Cofatrim Forte, Cotrim, Septra, Sulfatrim): the sulfonamide antibiotic, sulfamethoxazole, used in combination with trimethoprim, to prevent and treat PCP and bacterial infections, such as bronchitis and middle ear and urinary tract infections. (encyclopedia.com)
• Vancomycin hydrochloride (generic name product, Vancocin): glycopeptide antibiotic used to treat a variety of serious gram-positive bacterial infections for which other medicines are ineffective, including strains of Staphylococcus that are resistant to most oral antibiotics. (encyclopedia.com)
• Antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment for both staph and strep infections. (livestrong.com)
• Erythromycin, azithromycin and clarithromycin are the most common macrolide antibiotics that are used to treat infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae. (livestrong.com)
• What Type of Antibiotic Treats Urinary Tract Infections? (livestrong.com)
• Since beta-lactam antibiotics are commonly prescribed for infections caused by these organisms prior to the.Antibiotics 2 Containing The Beta Lactam Structure Part Ii PDF Document Antibiotics 2 containing the beta lactam structure part ii antibiotics 2 containing. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• This 3 arm study will compare the efficacy and safety of beta-lactam with that of 'standard care' in patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections requiring hospitalization. (bioportfolio.com)
• Not only did it lead to a cure for bacterial infections that were once deadly, but it also led a big interest in finding new antibiotics. (utah.edu)
• Examples of beta-lactams include penicillin and cephalosporin, which are used to treat many types of bacterial infections. (utah.edu)
• Quinolones include antibiotics like ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, which are used to treat infections like bronchitis and pneumonia. (utah.edu)
• OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness and safety of fluoroquinolones with β-lactams in the treatment of patients with skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs). (ebscohost.com)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics are widely prescribed to treat many infections because of efficacy, spectrum and safety. (ebscohost.com)
• New antibiotics are required to treat bacterial infections and counteract the emergence of antibiotic resistance. (rsc.org)

Carbapenems1

• Note that the carbapenems have a different stereochemical configuration in the lactam ring that imparts resistance to most common β lactamases. (mhmedical.com)

Abstract1

• ABSTRACT: Beta-lactam antibiotics exhibit time-dependent killing. (uspharmacist.com)

Synthesis14

• β-lactam antibiotics are bacteriocidal, and act by inhibiting the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls. (wikipedia.org)
• 4 Enzymatic synthesis of β-lactam antibiotics can help to mitigate these risks by operating in mild aqueous conditions. (aiche.org)
• A racemic synthesis of two diastereoisomeric α-benzyloxycarbonylamino substituted trans -fused bicyclic lactams ( 4 and 5 ), was achieved from cyclopentene oxide . (rsc.org)
• The ß-lactam ring of penicillins gives the antibiotics their effectiveness by inhibiting cell wall synthesis during bacterial replication. (uncg.edu)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics are the most widely used group of antibiotics, they target the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs), eventually disrupting the peptidoglycan synthesis. (frontiersin.org)
• Vancomycin, fosfomycin, and bacitracin also inhibit cell wall synthesis but are not as important as the beta-lactam drugs. (mhmedical.com)
• More than 50 antibiotics that act as cell wall synthesis inhibitors are currently available, with individual spectra of activity that afford a wide range of clinical applications. (mhmedical.com)
• These antibiotics work by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. (princeton.edu)
• Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic that interferes with the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall and genetic material. (livestrong.com)
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Cephalosporin1

• 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the beta-lactam compound is a cephalosporin. (freepatentsonline.com)

Enzymes11

• patents including, inter alia , U.S. 8,541,199 B2 and EP 1,610,766 B1, granting freedom to operate to develop and commercialize its various beta lactam products and allows for the production of new enzymes for the sustainable manufacture of amoxicillin. (medindia.net)
• Many organisms produce beta-lactamase enzymes that can destroy these antibiotics. (thefreedictionary.com)
• Certain molecules called BETA-LACTAM INHIBITORS , however, can bind to beta-lactamase enzymes and inactivate them. (thefreedictionary.com)
• In manufacturing facilities where antibiotics are produced, β-lactamase enzymes such as penicillinase (penase) and cephalospopinase (Cephase) are contained in the monitoring media to inactivate β-Lactam antibiotics. (merckmillipore.com)
• These enzymes, which resemble PBPs structurally and mechanistically, have ability to rapidly hydrolyze the β-lactams ( Nicholas and Davies, 2012 ). (frontiersin.org)
• The most common form of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics is the expression of various β-lactamase enzymes capable of hydrolyzing the β-lactam ring of β-lactam drugs, rendering them ineffective. (pnas.org)
• A shared mechanistic feature of the marketed β-lactam-based inhibitors is their reaction with the serine enzymes to form a covalent acyl-enzyme intermediate. (pnas.org)
• Originally designed to combat class A serine β-lactamase enzymes such as TEM-1, the clinical use of β-lactam-based inhibitors has been diminished by the emergence of enzymes against which they are ineffective. (pnas.org)
• β -Lactam-synthesizing enzymes carbapenam synthetase (CPS) and β -lactam synthetase ( β -LS) are evolutionarily linked to a common ancestor, asparagine synthetase B (AS-B). These three relatives catalyze substrate acyl-adenylation and nucleophilic acyl substitution by either an external (AS-B) or internal (CPS, β -LS) nitrogen source. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
• Based on both sequence and structure homology ( 4 , 6 ), these β -lactam-forming enzymes show evolutionary roots in the broadly distributed asparagine synthetases, class B (AS-B), which convert the essential amino acid aspartate to asparagine. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
• 1 3 These enzymes are numerous, and they mutate continuously in response to the heavy pressure of antibiotic use, leading to the development of extended spectrum β lactamases (ESBLs). (bmj.com)

Aztreonam7

• The NDM-1 gene, first identified in Sweden in 2008 in Klebsiella pneumoniae from a patient hospitalized in New Delhi, encodes a metallo-β-lactamase that inactivates all β-lactams except aztreonam. (nih.gov)
• The in vitro and in vivo activity of carumonam was tested in comparison with that of aztreonam and other beta-lactam antibiotics. (semanticscholar.org)
• This case, however, does offer the possibility that aztreonam may not always be the right alternative to persons with beta-lactam antibiotic allergies. (scirp.org)
• 2011) Tolerability of Aztreonam in Patients with Cell-Mediated Allergy to β-Lactams. (scirp.org)
• 2008) Tolerability of Aztreonam in Patients with IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity to Beta-Lactams. (scirp.org)
• Saxon, A. (1985) Investigation into the Immunologic Cross-Reactivity of Aztreonam with Other Beta-Lactam Antibiotics. (scirp.org)
• Aztreonam is less immunogenic and is associated with fewer allergic reactions compared with other beta-lactams. (pharmacytimes.com)

Efficacy8

• 6 Of the three pharmacodynamic parameters described with antimicrobials, optimal efficacy with beta-lactams is achieved when free drug concentrations stay above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for an extended duration of the recommended dosing interval ( FIGURE 1 ). (uspharmacist.com)
• Thus, strategies analogous to those implemented for Gram-negative pathogens are required to restore the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics against Gram-positive pathogens such as MRSA. (sciencemag.org)
• The critical pharmacodynamic parameter for antibacterial efficacy of β -lactam antibiotics is the proportion of the dosing interval for which the serum concentration of the non-protein-bound fraction of the antibiotic remains above its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) vis à vis the targeted pathogen. (ahcmedia.com)
• If it is extraordinarily high, the duration of infusion is likely to be irrelevant - the antibiotic has little chance of efficacy. (ahcmedia.com)
• The study was designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of DAV132, taken along with antibiotic treatment, to protect the intestinal microbiota. (davolterra.com)
• In efforts to restore the efficacy of β-lactam antibiotics, β-lactamases have also been targeted with a variety of inhibitors ( 5 , 6 ). (pnas.org)
• To this day, the pharmacology of beta-lactam antibiotics has clearly bore out an excellent safety and efficacy profile. (pharmafactz.com)
• This study will assess the efficacy and safety of intravenous beta-lactam, in comparison with ceftriaxone, in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia not caused by Legionel. (bioportfolio.com)

Clinical22

• This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics-both administered drugs and those not in clinical use-organized by structural class. (wikipedia.org)
• HS to β-lactams was suspected from clinical history in 30 (9.2%) children reporting serum sickness-like reactions and potentially harmful toxidermias. (aappublications.org)
• Of the children diagnosed as allergic to β-lactam by means of skin tests, OC, and clinical history, 11.7% were sensitized to several classes of β-lactams. (aappublications.org)
• NYSE MKT: SYN), a clinical stage company focused on developing therapeutics to protect the gut microbiome while targeting pathogen specific diseases, announced positive topline results from the first Phase 2a study of SYN-004, the Company's candidate designed to protect the gut microbiome from the unintended effects of certain commonly used intravenous (IV) beta-lactam antibiotics for the prevention C. (thefreedictionary.com)
• In studies comparing the same beta-lactam, we observed no difference between study groups with regard to all-cause fatality, RR 1.01 (95% CI 0.75-1.35) and clinical failure, RR 1.11 (95% CI 0.95-1.29). (nih.gov)
• In studies comparing different beta-lactams, we observed an advantage to monotherapy: all cause fatality RR 0.85 (95% CI 0.71-1.01), clinical failure RR 0.77 (95% CI 0.69-0.86). (nih.gov)
• We found that low levels of β-lactam antibiotics, a class commonly used in both clinical and agricultural settings, caused significant autoaggregation and biofilm formation by the important human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. (nih.gov)
• CONCLUSIONS: Continuous administration of beta-lactam antibiotics achieved higher plasma antibiotic concentrations than intermittent administration with improvement in clinical cure. (biomedsearch.com)
• Mechanisms responsible for resistance to β-Iactam antibiotics were investigated in clinical isolates of Bacteroides spp. (nottingham.ac.uk)
• The results suggest that several different types of resistance to β-lactam antibiotics are circulating in clinical isolates of Bacteroides spp. (nottingham.ac.uk)
• Unlike organotropic drugs, where it is easy to titrate dose to achieve a clinical response, antibiotics may take 24-72 h to present signs of resolution of infection, making it difficult to determine the most appropriate dosage [ 1 , 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
• V ardakas and colleagues examined 22 clinical trials involving 1,876 patients prescribed intravenous anti-pseudomonal β -lactam antibiotics and who were randomized to receive them either as a brief (over ≤ 60 minutes) or prolonged ( ≥ 3 hours, including continuous) infusion. (ahcmedia.com)
• Paris (France), 1st of September, 2020 - Da Volterra, a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company developing innovative products to protect the intestinal microbiota from the deleterious effects of antibiotics, announced positive results from DAV132-CL-1006, a Phase 1 clinical study which investigated the effect of two doses of DAV132 in healthy volunteers receiving ß-lactam antibiotics. (davolterra.com)
• We are delighted with the results of this Phase 1 study which provides the first clinical demonstration of the ability of DAV132 to spare the intestinal microbiota from the dysbiosis caused by ß-lactam antibiotics. (davolterra.com)
• The study is of tremendous importance as ß-lactams are widely used in clinical practice and are known to be one of the main drivers for the emergence, in the intestinal microbiota, of pathogenic species such as C. difficile, as well as for the selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. (davolterra.com)
• This is a multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, superiority clinical trial evaluating short course (5 day) vs. standard course (10 day) of oral beta-lactam antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefdinir) for treatment of CAP in children 6-71 months of age who have clinically improved prior to enrollment. (clinicaltrials.gov)
• 1,000 growth/killing curves for eight combinations of antibiotics and bacterial species and strains, including clinical isolates of bacterial pathogens. (pnas.org)
• As new β-lactams have been introduced into clinical use, a changing landscape of β-lactamases has been selected and disseminated. (pnas.org)
• The three inhibitors approved for clinical use are clavulanic acid, tazobactam, and sulbactam, all of which contain a β-lactam core. (pnas.org)
• STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Randomized controlled clinical trials, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies, observational studies, and case reports involving pediatric patients who received extended or continuous infusion of b-lactam or monobactam antibiotics were reviewed. (elsevier.com)
• There is limited clinical evidence available to support the use of extended or continuous infusion of b-lactam antibiotics in the pediatric population. (elsevier.com)
• CONCLUSIONS: More well-designed prospective clinical trials are required to determine the role of extended or continuous infusion of b-lactam antibiotics in treatment of pediatric patients. (elsevier.com)

Controlling antibiotic resistance1

• Thus, there is a critical need to explore novel strategies for controlling antibiotic resistance in A. baumannii . (frontiersin.org)

Inhibitors2

• To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics are often given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid. (wikipedia.org)
• Resistance could be reversed with the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanate or sulbactam or could be circumvented by the use of a beta-lactamase-stable drug, imipenem, indicating that mycobacterial beta-lactamase, probably in conjunction with slow penetration, is a major determinant of M. tuberculosis resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. (asm.org)

Strains12

• Baicalin synergy with beta-lactam antibiotics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other beta-lactam-resistant strains of S. (thefreedictionary.com)
• All four antibiotics induced biofilm formation in some strains. (nih.gov)
• Our findings demonstrate that subminimal inhibitory concentrations of β-lactam antibiotics significantly induce autolysin-dependent extracellular DNA release and biofilm formation in some strains of S. aureus. (nih.gov)
• Bacterial growth and biofilm formation by three MRSA strains (strains 11490, Mu50, and FPR3757) in the presence of sub-MICs of four β-lactam antibiotics. (nih.gov)
• A. baumannii strains are equipped with a multitude of antibiotic resistance mechanisms, rendering them resistant to most of the currently available antibiotics. (frontiersin.org)
• A. baumannii strains not exposed to the PDAs or antibiotics served as controls. (frontiersin.org)
• Recently a number of studies have demonstrated the presence of clonal strains of P. aeruginosa infecting people with CF. The aim of this study was to determine whether strains of P. aeruginosa demonstrated differences in resistance to desiccation and whether preincubation in subminimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of β -lactam affected desiccation resistance. (hindawi.com)
• Preincubation with antibiotics did not have a consistent effect on the strains of P. aeruginosa . (hindawi.com)
• However, β-lactamases are not the predominant mechanism of β-lactam resistance among Gram-positive bacterial pathogens, including epidemic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ( 2 ), which has been estimated to account for mortality rates exceeding that of HIV/AIDS in the United States ( 7 ). (sciencemag.org)
• produced elevated levels of β-Iactamases, and many of these strains showed increased resistance to β-Iactam antibiotics usually regarded as β-Iactamase stable. (nottingham.ac.uk)
• Certain strains of staph and strep, however, produce an enzyme called beta-lactamase that can break down the beta-lactam antibiotics. (livestrong.com)
• Such strains are resistant to these antibiotics. (livestrong.com)

Enzyme10

• it also catalyzes the hydrolytic degradation of the antibiotic (termed secondary hydrolysis), making the desired product an intermediate. In-situ product isolation can prevent the enzyme from degrading the antibiotic. (aiche.org)
• ß-lactamase is an enzyme that catalyzes the cleavage of the ß-lactam ring of penicillin antibiotics, rendering them ineffective. (uncg.edu)
• and (c) the breakdown of this latter complex and the concomitant release of a regenerated enzyme and a modified antibiotic molecule. (ac.be)
• As a response to bacterial resistance to beta-lactam drugs, there are drugs, such as Augmentin / CLA , that are designed to disable the beta-lactamase enzyme. (princeton.edu)
• There are three major mechanisms of resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to beta-lactam antibiotics: enzyme mediated (penicillinase or beta-lactamase) by which the.All have a 4-membered beta-lactam ring as part of the basic. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Beta-lactam tetracylines combo cow milk antibiotic residues rapid test strips It is the beta -lactams + tetracyclines combo test , an enzyme-linked receptor-binding assay that detects the -lactams group Tetracyclines group. (ballyabio.com)
• It combines an antibiotic known as amoxicillin with another drug that blocks the activity of a bacterial enzyme responsible for breaking down amoxicillin-like drugs. (elifesciences.org)
• The experiments reveal that M. tuberculosis cells can develop resistance to Augmentin by increasing the production of an enzyme that breaks down the antibiotic and by neutralizing reactive oxygen species with help of mycothiol. (elifesciences.org)
• This protein is involved in detecting when cells are stressed and regulates the levels of both mycothiol and the enzyme that breaks down the antibiotic. (elifesciences.org)
• Increasing the production of this protein made the bacterial cells more susceptible to Augmentin treatment by decreasing the levels of active mycothiol and reducing the production of the enzyme that breaks down the antibiotic drug. (elifesciences.org)

Mechanisms3

• The main resistance mechanisms of MRSA to the β-lactam antibiotics are a large expression of β-lactamase to destroy β-lactams by hydrolysis, an acquisition of the mecA gene to encode the penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) with low affinity to β-lactam antibiotics [ 3 ], and an expression of efflux pumps to extrude antibiotics or other toxic agents from the pathogen [ 4 ]. (mdpi.com)
• Mechanisms responsible for beta-lactam resistance may be degradation of antibiotics by BETA-LACTAMASES, failure of antibiotics to penetrate, or low-affinity binding of antibiotics to targets. (bioportfolio.com)
• Below are descriptions of a few types of antibiotics and their mechanisms of action. (utah.edu)

Pharmacology2

• In: Williams J.D., Geddes A.M. (eds) Pharmacology of Antibiotics. (springer.com)
• The French Society of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (SFPT) and the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (SFAR) have joined forces to provide guidelines on the optimization of beta-lactam treatment in ICU patients. (springer.com)

Hypersensitivity5

• Skin tests with soluble β-lactams can be used to diagnose immediate and delayed hypersensitivity (HS) reactions to β-lactam antibiotics. (aappublications.org)
• Association of HLA genotypes with Beta-lactam antibiotic hypersensitivity in children. (bioportfolio.com)
• Beta-lactam (BL) antibiotics hypersensitivity is common in children. (bioportfolio.com)
• Thus, the propensity to develop hypersensitivity is dependent on other factors, such as the presence of T cells within an individual's repertoire that can be activated with the β-lactam hapten and/or an imbalance in immune regulation. (jimmunol.org)
• β-Lactam antibiotics are the most common cause of drug hypersensitivity. (jimmunol.org)

Antibacterial8

• In summary, C and ECg enhanced the antibacterial effect of β-lactam antibiotics against MRSA in vitro and in vivo , which might be related to the increased accumulation of antibiotics within MRSA via suppression of important efflux pumps' gene expression. (mdpi.com)
• These lactams are useful intermediates to investigate the possibility of using a trans -lactam template as a replacement for the β-lactam ring found in conventional antibacterial agents . (rsc.org)
• All penicillins are derivatives of 6-aminopenicillanic acid and contain a beta-lactam ring structure that is essential for antibacterial activity. (mhmedical.com)
• Hydrolysis of the β-lactam ring by bacterial β-lactamases yields penicilloic acid, which lacks antibacterial activity. (mhmedical.com)
• Antibacterial properties of carumonam (Ro 17-2301, AMA-1080), a new sulfonated monocyclic beta-lactam antibiotic. (semanticscholar.org)
• Fourteen antibacterial agents belonging to 9 different groups of antibiotics viz. (ebscohost.com)
• Antibacterial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is increasing worldwide, affecting principally ß-lactams and macrolides (prevalence ranging between ≈1% and 90% depending on the geographical area). (ebscohost.com)
• The β -lactam-containing secondary metabolites, most widely known for their antibacterial properties, are an instructive example of this evolutionary process. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Staphylococcus9

• Low levels of β-lactam antibiotics induce extracellular DNA release and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus. (nih.gov)
• Few studies have investigated antibiotic-induced biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus, an important human pathogen. (nih.gov)
• Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection can be treated effectively by combining a β-lactam antibiotic with a drug that targets FtsZ. (sciencemag.org)
• Zhou, H. The Combination of Catechin and Epicatechin Gallate from Fructus Crataegi Potentiates β-Lactam Antibiotics Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Vitro and in Vivo . (mdpi.com)
• In Staphylococcus aureus, the antibiotic-induced SOS response promotes replication and high-frequency horizontal transfer of pathogenicity island-encoded virulence factors. (gla.ac.uk)
• Effect of disruption of Staphylococcus aureus PBP4 gene on resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. (semanticscholar.org)
• Contribution of peptidoglycan amidation to beta-lactam and lysozyme resistance in different genetic lineages of Staphylococcus aureus. (semanticscholar.org)
• β-Lactam resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 is increased by inactivation of the ClpXP protease. (semanticscholar.org)
• Molecular basis and phenotype of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus and insights into new beta-lactams that meet the challenge. (semanticscholar.org)

Antimicrobial5

• As part of our commitment to fight antimicrobial resistance through minimizing the environmental impact from antibiotics manufacturing, DSP is actively seeking to promote green, enzymatic routes for production of amoxicillin and other antibiotics, utilizing our patented technology. (medindia.net)
• Knowledge of the antimicrobial PD characteristics (inhibition of growth, rate and extent of bactericidal action, and post-antibiotic effect (PAE)) provides a more rational basis for determination of optimal dosing regimens in terms of the dose and the dosing interval. (biomedcentral.com)
• From previous studies performed in our laboratories, it is believed that the N-thiolated beta-lactams exert their antimicrobial activity through a unique mode of action that is completely unlike that of classical beta-lactam antibiotics. (usf.edu)
• Typically when an antibiotic is applied to the agar medium, it moves from its region of high concentration to the surrounding areas of lower antimicrobial concentration (Cooper, 1993, p.24). (studentshare.org)
• We demonstrate that GlcEnt-Amp/Amx provide up to 1000-fold enhanced antimicrobial activity against uropathogenic E. coli relative to the parent β-lactams. (rsc.org)

Infusion8

• Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling have consistently shown that prolonging the infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics to 3 to 4 hours increases the achievement of this pharmacodynamic goal. (uspharmacist.com)
• Prolonged (3-4 hours) or continuous infusion of IV beta-lactams has a higher probability of achieving pharmacodynamic goals compared with standard 30-minute intermittent infusions. (uspharmacist.com)
• 11-13 Because most beta-lactams have high renal excretion and renal dysfunction prolongs drug elimination, prolonging drug infusion is unlikely to improve PTA in patients receiving these agents. (uspharmacist.com)
• Continuous infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics in severe sepsis: a multicenter double-blind, randomized controlled trial. (biomedsearch.com)
• When compared to shorter infusion duration, prolonged infusion of anti-pseudomonal β -lactam antibiotics was associated with reduced mortality. (ahcmedia.com)
• Prolonged versus short-term intravenous infusion of antipseudomonal β -lactams for patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. (ahcmedia.com)
• If it is extraordinarily low, PTA is likely to be achieved readily regardless of the duration of beta-lactam infusion. (ahcmedia.com)
• OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review of available data on the use of extended or continuous infusion of b-lactam and monobactam therapy in the pediatric population (aged 0-18 years). (elsevier.com)

Monotherapy10

• Beta lactam antibiotic monotherapy versus beta lactam-aminoglycoside antibiotic combination therapy for sepsis. (nih.gov)
• Combining a beta-lactam antibiotic with an aminoglycoside antibiotic may have certain advantages over beta-lactam monotherapy. (nih.gov)
• We included randomized and quasi-randomized trials comparing any beta-lactam monotherapy to any combination of one beta-lactam and one aminoglycoside for sepsis. (nih.gov)
• Twenty trials compared the same beta-lactam in both study arms, while the remaining compared different beta-lactams using a broader spectrum beta-lactam in the monotherapy arm. (nih.gov)
• Empiric antibiotic therapy for sepsis patients: monotherapy with beta-lactam or beta-lactam plus an aminoglycoside? (nih.gov)
• Our objectives were to compare beta lactam monotherapy versus beta lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy in patients with sepsis and to estimate the rate of adverse effects with each treatment regimen , including the development of bacterial resistance to antibiotics. (cochrane.org)
• We included randomized and quasi- randomized trials comparing any beta lactam monotherapy versus any combination of a beta lactam with an aminoglycoside for sepsis. (cochrane.org)
• Beta lactam antibiotic monotherapy versus beta lactam-aminoglycoside antibiotic.Chiu on list of beta lactam antibiotics: As you probably saw in the news this week - germs are getting smarter and smarter.The SNAP Beta-Lactam ST Test detects beta-lactam residues in cow, goat, sheep or powdered milk, without heat or incubation. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Adverse drug reactions are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the inpatient and outpatient setting.You have free access to this content Beta lactam antibiotic monotherapy versus beta lactam-aminoglycoside antibiotic combination therapy for sepsis. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• The purpose of this study is to determine whether a monotherapy with a Beta-Lactam is not inferior to an association of a Beta-Lactam and a macrolide in treating adult patients with commun. (bioportfolio.com)

Pharmacokinetics6

• The transport of β-lactam antibiotics via a renal organic anion transporter is important to understand their pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics. (aspetjournals.org)
• Critically ill patient's pathophysiological factors lead to altered pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of beta-lactams. (biomedcentral.com)
• A comprehensive bibliographic search in PubMed database of all English language articles published from January 2000 to December 2017 was performed, allowing the selection of articles addressing the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics in critically ill patients. (biomedcentral.com)
• We conducted a comprehensive bibliographic search in the PubMed database of all English language articles published from January 2000 to December 2017, using the following keywords: critical care or intensive care or critically ill and sepsis or septic shock and antibiotics and pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics. (biomedcentral.com)
• Articles not addressing beta-lactam pharmacokinetics (PK) or pharmacodynamics (PD) in critically ill patients were excluded. (biomedcentral.com)
• However, such patients are likely to exhibit a number of manifestations that affect antibiotic pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. (ahcmedia.com)

Concentrations5

• Subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics have been shown to induce bacterial biofilm formation. (nih.gov)
• While BTF levels of the three antibiotics could be detected in all tested rabbits, detectable CSF levels were only found in one of twelve rabbits treated with I or FCE 22101, indicating that BTF concentrations rather than CSF ones are decisive for neurotoxicity of ß-lactam antibiotics. (diva-portal.org)
• Plasma antibiotic concentrations exceeded the MIC in 82% of patients (18 of 22) in the continuous arm versus 29% (6 of 21) in the intermittent arm (P = .001). (biomedsearch.com)
• Godzeski, Brier, and Pavey found that penicillin induced L colonies of Staphylococci in a wide span of concentrations, whereas other antibiotics were effective in only one or two dilutions. (mpkb.org)
• DAV132 was highly efficient in capturing ß-lactam antibiotics in the colon: it significantly reduced free fecal concentrations of ß-lactams, without affecting their plasma levels. (davolterra.com)

Hydrolysis5

• The alkaline hydrolysis of penicillins proceeds 102 faster than a -lactam after correction for substituent effects. (hud.ac.uk)
• The goal of this project is to create sensing systems that can monitor the hydrolysis of ß- lactam antibiotics. (uncg.edu)
• EGFP, a variant of green fluorescent protein (GFP), is a pH-sensitive fluorescent protein that will be used as the reporter protein to monitor the hydrolysis of the ß-lactam ring. (uncg.edu)
• In the assays being developed, the EGFP domain of the fusion protein will respond to the drop in local pH resulting from the ß-lactam hydrolysis, leading to a decrease in fluorescence over time. (uncg.edu)
• It is proposed that the mechanism of hydrolysis involves a fast β-lactam cleavage followed by slower hydrolysis of the oxime function. (st-andrews.ac.uk)

Broad-spectrum beta-lactam1

• One set of studies compared a broad-spectrum beta lactam versus a different, generally narrower-spectrum beta lactam combined with an aminoglycoside (47 studies). (cochrane.org)

Clavulanic acid2

• Augmentin / CLA (FGP) is made of amoxicillin , a beta-lactam antibiotic, and clavulanic acid , a beta-lactamase inhibitor. (princeton.edu)
• Streptomyces clavuligerous β -lactam synthetase ( β -LS) and Pectobacterium carotorova carbapenam synthetase (CPS) 1 catalyze formation of the corresponding β -lactam rings in the clinically important β -lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid ( 4 ) and (5 R )-carbapenem-3-carboxylic acid ( 5 ), which is believed to be representative of the potent, broad spectrum carbapenem class of antibiotics. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

Sepsis4

• Optimal antibiotic treatment for sepsis is imperative. (nih.gov)
• The addition of an aminoglycoside to beta-lactams for sepsis should be discouraged. (nih.gov)
• BACKGROUND: Beta-lactam antibiotics are a commonly used treatment for severe sepsis, with intermittent bolus dosing standard therapy, despite a strong theoretical rationale for continuous administration. (biomedsearch.com)
• However, sepsis and septic shock require the rapid administration of the appropriate antibiotic at the appropriate dose. (springer.com)

Imipenem1

• A 2.0 Å crystal structure of S. aureus FtsZ in complex with PC190723 identifies the compound binding site, which corresponds to the predominant location of mutations conferring resistance to PC190723 (PC190723 R ). Although structural studies suggested that these drug resistance mutations may be difficult to combat through chemical modification of PC190723, combining PC190723 with the β-lactam antibiotic imipenem markedly reduced the spontaneous frequency of PC190723 R mutants. (sciencemag.org)

Aminoglycoside3

• Combining a beta lactam with an aminoglycoside could, therefore, result in more effective treatment of patients with severe infection but with the side effects of both antibiotics. (cochrane.org)
• The other studies compared one beta lactam versus the same beta lactam combined with an aminoglycoside antibiotic (22 studies). (cochrane.org)
• The review authors concluded that beta lactam-aminoglycoside combination therapy does not provide an advantage over beta lactams alone. (cochrane.org)

PBPs3

• PBPs vary in their affinity for binding penicillin or other β-lactam antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)
• The structural similarity between β-lactam antibiotics and d-alanyl-d-alanine facilitates their binding to the active site of PBPs. (wikipedia.org)
• We propose that these non-PBP genes are involved in the biosynthesis of cell wall components at a step prior to the biosynthetic functions of PBPs, and that the mutations selected during β-lactam treatment counteract the effects caused by the inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins. (ingentaconnect.com)

Combination antibiotic2

• In these trials, no differences between single and combination antibiotic treatments were seen. (cochrane.org)
• This linear dependence of the lysis rate on the growth rate represents a dynamic signature associated with each bacterium-antibiotic pair and serves as the quantitative foundation for designing combination antibiotic therapy and predicting the population-structure change in a population with mixed phenotypes. (pnas.org)

Microbiology1

• In vitro evaluation of CBR-2092, a novel rifamycin-quinolone hybrid antibiotic: microbiology profiling studies with staphylococci and streptococci. (semanticscholar.org)

Genes3

• Further, the effect of TC and EG on the expression of A. baumannii genes encoding resistance to β-lactam antibiotics ( blaP ), efflux pumps ( adeABC ), and multi-drug resistant protein ( mdrp ) was studied using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). (frontiersin.org)
• Inactivation of genes coding for components of these systems was also shown to decrease the MICs of some β-lactams. (asm.org)
• Most of the samples yielded β-lactam-resistant isolates, and 4 different groups of bla genes were detected among the isolates. (springer.com)

Intravenous1

• However, if the condition of the patient is severe, hospitalization may be required and the intravenous administration of the antibiotics may be required. (livestrong.com)

Milk2

• Antibiotic residues can adversely affect bacterial starter cultures used in the production of milk-based products such as cheese and yoghurts. (dcu.ie)
• The specificity of these antibodies was determined and they were used in displacement immunoassays for the detection of the relevant antibiotic in 'spiked' samples of PBS and whole milk. (dcu.ie)

Piperacillin2

• The broad-spectrum beta-lactams cefepime, meropenem, and piperacillin-tazobactam are the agents most studied for this dosing strategy, as they have reliable activity against most gram-negative organisms, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (uspharmacist.com)
• Therefore, we performed quantitative mass spectrometric analyses to define the epitopes formed in tolerant and hypersensitive patients taking the β-lactam antibiotic piperacillin and the threshold required for T cell activation. (jimmunol.org)

Drugs10

• Finally, age, sex, personal history of atopy, number of reactions to β-lactams, and number of reactions to other drugs were not significant risk factors for β-lactam allergy. (aappublications.org)
• They also strongly suggest that most reactions reported in children are attributable to infectious diseases or interactions between drugs and infectious agents rather than to β-lactam HS. (aappublications.org)
• Antimicrobials are among the most important and commonly prescribed drugs in the management of critically ill patients and beta-lactams are the most common antibiotic class used. (biomedcentral.com)
• These results suggest a promissory capability of this polymer to protect the β-lactam drugs against chemical, enzymatic and biological degradation. (preprints.org)
• Antibiotics are the drugs of choice to treat bacterial bronchitis and pneumonia, although they are ineffective when a virus is responsible for the condition. (livestrong.com)
• Non-Penicillin Beta-Lactam Drugs: A CGMP Framework for Preventing Cross-Contamination. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Beta-lactam antibiotics are among the most commonly prescribed drugs, grouped together based upon a shared structural feature, the beta-lactam ring.Beta lactam antibiotics are antibiotic drugs with a beta lactam ring in their molecular structure. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• Individual names of drugs in each class of antibiotics were also included in the search. (elsevier.com)
• On Medindia find the complete list of Antibiotics drugs with their available forms and strength. (medindia.net)
• Pathogen-specific antibiotics have several advantages over broad-spectrum drugs, which include minimal perturbation to the commensal microbiota. (rsc.org)

Residues2

• β-lactam antibiotics are analogues of d-alanyl-d-alanine-the terminal amino acid residues on the precursor NAM/NAG-peptide subunits of the nascent peptidoglycan layer. (wikipedia.org)
• For adduct formation, the β-lactam ring is targeted by reactive lysine residues in protein ( 3 ). (jimmunol.org)

Infection11

• A Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction may occur after initial treatment of a spirochetal infection such as syphilis with a β-lactam antibiotic. (wikipedia.org)
• We demonstrate that the FtsZ-specific inhibitor PC190723 acts synergistically with β-lactam antibiotics in vitro and in vivo and that this combination is efficacious in a murine model of MRSA infection. (sciencemag.org)
• Objective: Describe resistance to beta lactam antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community infection within HIV-1 infected persons. (scirp.org)
• Thirty percent of β-lactam-treated patients had a documented risk factor for CA-MRSA infection. (asm.org)
• In the interim, however, β-lactam antibiotics continue to be prescribed empirically to a proportion of patients who have an infection with CA-MRSA ( 22 , 25 , 28 ). (asm.org)
• instead, the choice of antibiotic may depend on the site of the infection and the organism that is likely to be the cause. (encyclopedia.com)
• Dosages of antibiotics depend on the individual, the infection that is being treated, and the presence of other medical conditions. (encyclopedia.com)
• To be effective, an entire treatment with antibiotics must be completed, even if the symptoms of infection have disappeared. (encyclopedia.com)
• Little is known about beta-lactam doses necessary for this infection for patients treated with continuous veino-veinous hemodialysis. (bioportfolio.com)
• Today many different types of antibiotics are available, and they fight infection in several ways. (utah.edu)
• Multiple antibiotics are available to treat this infection, yet around one million people still die from tuberculosis each year. (elifesciences.org)

Compounds6

• Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds. (wikipedia.org)
• According to this mechanism, the pump successfully excretes even those β-lactams that fail to traverse the cytoplasmic membrane, because these compounds are likely to become partitioned into the outer leaflet of the bilayer. (asm.org)
• All are β-lactam compounds, so named because of their four-membered lactam ring. (mhmedical.com)
• Described herein are methods of treating or preventing neurological disease and disease symptoms using beta-lactam compounds, and compounds useful for treating disease and disease symptoms. (freepatentsonline.com)
• They have substantial value as producers of antibiotics and of other therapeutically useful compounds. (studentshare.org)
• 1983). Thus it holds a prominent position due to their diversity and proven ability to produce new compounds, because discovery of novel antibiotic and non-antibiotic lead molecules through microbial secondary metabolite screening is becoming increasingly important. (studentshare.org)

Treatment20

• Antibiotics are widely used in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases. (thefreedictionary.com)
• 2 The contaminated waste poses two threats: the spread of antibiotic resistance in wastewater treatment plants 3 and inadvertent exposure of sensitive individuals to a sever allergen. (aiche.org)
• The primary pharmacokinetic outcome on treatment analysis was plasma antibiotic concentration above the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on days 3 and 4. (biomedsearch.com)
• No clear difference in all-cause deaths was observed, but treatment failures were fewer with single beta lactam antibiotic treatment. (cochrane.org)
• The study also revealed that more than one quarter of antibiotic-treated patients had significant adverse effects necessitating treatment termination. (mpkb.org)
• Given the considerable risk of serious adverse events from prolonged [high-dose] antibiotic treatment, it is time to look elsewhere for an effective management strategy to help patients with persistent cognitive symptoms after treatment for Lyme disease. (mpkb.org)
• The use of antibiotics in food-producing animals has many beneficial effects (e.g. treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle). (dcu.ie)
• strain MR-S7 was isolated from activated sludge in a treatment system for wastewater containing β-lactam antibiotic pollutants. (asm.org)
• This notion serves as the foundation for the concept of bacterial persistence: dormant bacterial cells that do not grow are phenotypically tolerant against β-lactam treatment. (pnas.org)
• Due to the lack of thorough quantification, however, it is unclear whether and to what extent the bacterial growth rate can predict the lysis rate upon β-lactam treatment under diverse conditions. (pnas.org)
• We further demonstrate that this predictive power at the population level can be explained by accounting for bacterial responses to the antibiotic treatment by single cells. (pnas.org)
• To address this emerging antibiotic crisis, there is an urgent need for developing treatment strategies to better use existing antibiotics, in addition to developing new ones ( 7 ). (pnas.org)
• Antibiotic treatment has become more difficult, especially that involving the group of beta-lactam antibiotics where resistance has developed rapidly. (prolekare.cz)
• Furthermore, it is important to keep the level of antibiotic in the body at a constant level during treatment. (encyclopedia.com)
• Beta-lactams can also be given orally or intravenously and the duration of the treatment depends on the severity of the condition. (livestrong.com)
• Changes in microbiome diversity following beta-lactam antibiotic treatment are associated with therapeutic versus subtherapeutic antibiotic exposure in cystic fibrosis. (bioportfolio.com)
• Conflicting data exist on the impact of short-term antibiotics for treatment of acute. (bioportfolio.com)
• Rabelo CC, Feres M, Gonçalves C, Faver M, Tu Y-K, Chambrone L (2015) Systemic antibiotics in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis. (springer.com)
• CONCLUSION: The high proportion of successfully treated patients in the compared groups of antibiotics and the development of more adverse effects associated with fluoroquinolone use suggest that these antibiotics do not have substantial advantages compared with β-lactams for empirical treatment of patients with SSTIs. (ebscohost.com)
• lactam derivative of the formula (II) to catalytic reduction using a noble metal catalyst or to treatment with an acid. (patentgenius.com)

Resistant5

• Although these results suggested that such systems are capable of pumping out β-lactams and thereby making the cells more resistant to these antibiotics, convincing evidence has been difficult to obtain. (asm.org)
• Genome Sequence of the Multiple-β-Lactam-Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterium Acidovorax sp. (asm.org)
• Identification of the specific genetic determinants of beta-lactam resistance is essential to understand both the mechanism of resistance and the spread of resistant variants in the pneumococcal population. (prolekare.cz)
• Find out information about beta-lactamase-resistant antibiotic. (gandoz-berita.cf)
• β-lactam-resistant isolates were found in 83% of the patients. (springer.com)

Commonly2

• Beta-lactam antibiotics (βLA) are the most commonly used antibiotics in the intensive care unit (ICU). (springer.com)
• Consequently, and as previously described for SOS induction by commonly used fluoroquinolone antibiotics, β-lactam-mediated phage induction also resulted in replication and high-frequency transfer of the staphylococcal pathogenicity islands, showing that such antibiotics may have the unintended consequence of promoting the spread of bacterial virulence factors. (gla.ac.uk)

Penicillin antibiotics1

• 1 Primary reactions to penicillin antibiotics include rash, itching, nausea and vomiting, shortness of breath, and anaphylaxis. (pharmacytimes.com)

Vitro2

• These findings confirm in vitro data that M. tuberculosis is susceptible to some beta-lactam antibiotics. (asm.org)
• In vitro data, skin tests, and patient challenge studies found no risk of cross-reactivity to other beta-lactam allergies. (pharmacytimes.com)

Resistance Phenotypes1

• Notably, all increased β-lactam resistance phenotypes were in accordance with enhanced blaA expression. (frontiersin.org)

Ceftriaxone3

• 10 weeks of IV ceftriaxone followed by 14 weeks of no antibiotic is not an effective strategy. (mpkb.org)
• 12. The method of claim 10, wherein the beta-lactam compound is ceftriaxone sodium. (freepatentsonline.com)
• 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the beta-lactam compound is ceftriaxone disodium salt, sesquaterhydrate. (freepatentsonline.com)

Cefepime1

• The article also reviews recent data suggesting increased overall mortality with Cefepime (Maxipime) use compared with other beta-lactam antibiotics and the potential risk for neurotoxicity in the setting of renal failure. (journaltocs.info)

Biosynthesis1

• Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. (wikipedia.org)

Analogues1

• In the first chapter of this dissertation, a review of previously prepared N-thiolated beta-lactam analogues and their mode of action is presented. (usf.edu)

Glycopeptide1

• beta-Lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics: first and last line of defense? (wur.nl)

Class of broad-spectrum an1

• β-lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are a class of broad-spectrum antibiotics, consisting of all antibiotic agents that contain a beta-lactam ring in their molecular structures. (wikipedia.org)