Anti asthmatic agents. Medical search

A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).

Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma.

Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.

The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.

A quaternary ammonium parasympathomimetic agent with the muscarinic actions of ACETYLCHOLINE. It is hydrolyzed by ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE at a considerably slower rate than ACETYLCHOLINE and is more resistant to hydrolysis by nonspecific CHOLINESTERASES so that its actions are more prolonged. It is used as a parasympathomimetic bronchoconstrictor agent and as a diagnostic aid for bronchial asthma. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1116)

Drugs that are used to treat asthma.

The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.

Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.

Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are PEFR and PFR.

A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.

Agents causing the narrowing of the lumen of a bronchus or bronchiole.

Narrowing of the caliber of the BRONCHI, physiologically or as a result of pharmacological intervention.

Asthma attacks following a period of exercise. Usually the induced attack is short-lived and regresses spontaneously. The magnitude of postexertional airway obstruction is strongly influenced by the environment in which exercise is performed (i.e. inhalation of cold air during physical exertion markedly augments the severity of the airway obstruction; conversely, warm humid air blunts or abolishes it).

Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes.

Antigen-type substances that produce immediate hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow.

Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.

Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.

Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.

A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.

An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of ASTHMA.

Measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung.

Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.

Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.

An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE).

Devices that cause a liquid or solid to be converted into an aerosol (spray) or a vapor. It is used in drug administration by inhalation, humidification of ambient air, and in certain analytical instruments.

The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues.

Any tests done on exhaled air.

Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.

Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.

Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.

Any arthropod of the subclass ACARI except the TICKS. They are minute animals related to the spiders, usually having transparent or semitransparent bodies. They may be parasitic on humans and domestic animals, producing various irritations of the skin (MITE INFESTATIONS). Many mite species are important to human and veterinary medicine as both parasite and vector. Mites also infest plants.

An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of HISTIDINE. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.

The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.

Epicutaneous or intradermal application of a sensitizer for demonstration of either delayed or immediate hypersensitivity. Used in diagnosis of hypersensitivity or as a test for cellular immunity.

The act of BREATHING out.

A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.

Antigens from the house dust mites (DERMATOPHAGOIDES), mainly D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus. They are proteins, found in mite feces or mite extracts, that can cause ASTHMA and other allergic diseases such as perennial rhinitis (RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL) and atopic dermatitis (DERMATITIS, ATOPIC). More than 11 groups of Dermatophagoides ALLERGENS have been defined. Group I allergens, such as Der f I and Der p I from the above two species, are among the strongest mite immunogens in humans.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.

A plant family of the order Geraniales, subclass Rosidae, class Magnoliopsida.

Proteins found in EOSINOPHIL granules. They are primarily basic proteins that play a role in host defense and the proinflammatory actions of activated eosinophils.

Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.

Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.

The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about.

Unsaturated pregnane derivatives containing two keto groups on side chains or ring structures.

Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

A cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of EOSINOPHILS. It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells.

A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.

Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

One of several basic proteins released from EOSINOPHIL cytoplasmic granules. Eosinophil cationic protein is a 21-kDa cytotoxic peptide with a pI of 10.9. Although eosinophil cationic protein is considered a member of the RNAse A superfamily of proteins, it has only limited RNAse activity.

An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.

Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.

The rate of airflow measured during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination.

A biologically active principle of SRS-A that is formed from LEUKOTRIENE D4 via a peptidase reaction that removes the glycine residue. The biological actions of LTE4 are similar to LTC4 and LTD4. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

A group of CORTICOSTEROIDS that affect carbohydrate metabolism (GLUCONEOGENESIS, liver glycogen deposition, elevation of BLOOD SUGAR), inhibit ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE secretion, and possess pronounced anti-inflammatory activity. They also play a role in fat and protein metabolism, maintenance of arterial blood pressure, alteration of the connective tissue response to injury, reduction in the number of circulating lymphocytes, and functioning of the central nervous system.

Species of European house dust mite, in the family PYROGLYPHIDAE. It is the most commonly found house dust mite.

Measurement of rate of airflow over the middle half of a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination (from the 25 percent level to the 75 percent level). Common abbreviations are MMFR and FEF 25%-75%.

A sudden intense and continuous aggravation of a state of asthma, marked by dyspnea to the point of exhaustion and collapse and not responding to the usual therapeutic efforts.

Family of house dust mites, in the superfamily Analgoidea, order Astigmata. They include the genera Dermatophagoides and Euroglyphus.

A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta-methylacetylcholine (methacholine).

A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.

A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.

Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.

A methyl xanthine derivative from tea with diuretic, smooth muscle relaxant, bronchial dilation, cardiac and central nervous system stimulant activities. Theophylline inhibits the 3',5'-CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHODIESTERASE that degrades CYCLIC AMP thus potentiates the actions of agents that act through ADENYLYL CYCLASES and cyclic AMP.

Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.

Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.

The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.

An adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.

Asthmatic adverse reaction (e.g., BRONCHOCONSTRICTION) to conventional NSAIDS including aspirin use.

Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).

Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.

A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

Substances made up of an aggregation of small particles, as that obtained by grinding or trituration of a solid drug. In pharmacy it is a form in which substances are administered. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.

An immunoassay utilizing an antibody labeled with an enzyme marker such as horseradish peroxidase. While either the enzyme or the antibody is bound to an immunosorbent substrate, they both retain their biologic activity; the change in enzyme activity as a result of the enzyme-antibody-antigen reaction is proportional to the concentration of the antigen and can be measured spectrophotometrically or with the naked eye. Many variations of the method have been developed.

A small aerosol canister used to release a calibrated amount of medication for inhalation.

A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.

Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the bronchi.

Derivatives of the steroid androstane having two double bonds at any site in any of the rings.

The spatial arrangement of the atoms of a nucleic acid or polynucleotide that results in its characteristic 3-dimensional shape.

Earth or other matter in fine, dry particles. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)

Analogs and derivatives of atropine.

Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

Any substance in the air which could, if present in high enough concentration, harm humans, animals, vegetation or material. Substances include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; and volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.

The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.

Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.

A cytokine synthesized by T-LYMPHOCYTES that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-LYMPHOCYTES. It appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses.

The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

An in vitro allergen radioimmunoassay in which allergens are coupled to an immunosorbent. The coupled allergens bind the IgE in the sera of patients which in turn binds radioisotope-labeled anti-IMMUNOGLOBULIN E antibodies.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.

Spirometric technique in which the volume of air breathed in the right and left lung is recorded separately.

The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).

Hypertonic sodium chloride solution. A solution having an osmotic pressure greater than that of physiologic salt solution (0.9 g NaCl in 100 ml purified water).

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

A pyranoquinolone derivative that inhibits activation of inflammatory cells which are associated with ASTHMA, including eosinophils, neutrophils, macrophages, mast cells, monocytes, and platelets.

A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

A non-specific host defense mechanism that removes MUCUS and other material from the LUNGS by ciliary and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands. It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers.

Compressed gases or vapors in a container which, upon release of pressure and expansion through a valve, carry another substance from the container. They are used for cosmetics, household cleaners, and so on. Examples are BUTANES; CARBON DIOXIDE; FLUOROCARBONS; NITROGEN; and PROPANE. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.

A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.

Insects of the order Dictyoptera comprising several families including Blaberidae, BLATTELLIDAE, Blattidae (containing the American cockroach PERIPLANETA americana), Cryptocercidae, and Polyphagidae.

The fertilizing element of plants that contains the male GAMETOPHYTES.

Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.

Virus diseases caused by the PICORNAVIRIDAE.

Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.

The cartilaginous and membranous tube descending from the larynx and branching into the right and left main bronchi.

A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.

Compounds bind to and activate ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTORS.

A family of biologically active compounds derived from arachidonic acid by oxidative metabolism through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. They participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. They have potent actions on many essential organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system.

AMINO ALCOHOLS containing the ETHANOLAMINE; (-NH2CH2CHOH) group and its derivatives.

A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.

A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms.

A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.

The airflow rate measured during the first liter expired after the first 200 ml have been exhausted during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are MEFR, FEF 200-1200, and FEF 0.2-1.2.

Pairing of purine and pyrimidine bases by HYDROGEN BONDING in double-stranded DNA or RNA.

A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. Some Pachyrhizus have been reclassified to PUERARIA. Do not confuse with yam (IPOMOEA; or DIOSCOREA) or African yam bean (SPHENOSTYLIS).

Skin irritant and allergen used in the manufacture of polyurethane foams and other elastomers.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

A pulmonary ventilation rate faster than is metabolically necessary for the exchange of gases. It is the result of an increased frequency of breathing, an increased tidal volume, or a combination of both. It causes an excess intake of oxygen and the blowing off of carbon dioxide.

A nucleoside consisting of the base guanine and the sugar deoxyribose.

A genus of PICORNAVIRIDAE inhabiting primarily the respiratory tract of mammalian hosts. It includes over 100 human serotypes associated with the COMMON COLD.

Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.

The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.

A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).

Hypersensitivity reaction (ALLERGIC REACTION) to fungus ASPERGILLUS in an individual with long-standing BRONCHIAL ASTHMA. It is characterized by pulmonary infiltrates, EOSINOPHILIA, elevated serum IMMUNOGLOBULIN E, and skin reactivity to Aspergillus antigen.

A class of statistical methods applicable to a large set of probability distributions used to test for correlation, location, independence, etc. In most nonparametric statistical tests, the original scores or observations are replaced by another variable containing less information. An important class of nonparametric tests employs the ordinal properties of the data. Another class of tests uses information about whether an observation is above or below some fixed value such as the median, and a third class is based on the frequency of the occurrence of runs in the data. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1284; Corsini, Concise Encyclopedia of Psychology, 1987, p764-5)

Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.

A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.

The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the RESIDUAL VOLUME and the EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME. Common abbreviation is FRC.

Cytosine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety.

A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.

Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.

A purine nucleoside that has guanine linked by its N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is a component of ribonucleic acid and its nucleotides play important roles in metabolism. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.

Fluid obtained by THERAPEUTIC IRRIGATION or washout of the nasal cavity and NASAL MUCOSA. The resulting fluid is used in cytologic and immunologic assays of the nasal mucosa such as with the NASAL PROVOCATION TEST in the diagnosis of nasal hypersensitivity.

Immunosuppression by the administration of increasing doses of antigen. Though the exact mechanism is not clear, the therapy results in an increase in serum levels of allergen-specific IMMUNOGLOBULIN G, suppression of specific IgE, and an increase in suppressor T-cell activity.

The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.

A subclass of beta-adrenergic receptors (RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC, BETA). The adrenergic beta-2 receptors are more sensitive to EPINEPHRINE than to NOREPINEPHRINE and have a high affinity for the agonist TERBUTALINE. They are widespread, with clinically important roles in SKELETAL MUSCLE; LIVER; and vascular, bronchial, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary SMOOTH MUSCLE.

A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.

Derivatives of ACETIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the carboxymethane structure.

Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.

Group of chemokines with adjacent cysteines that are chemoattractants for lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils but not neutrophils.

The application of drug preparations to the surfaces of the body, especially the skin (ADMINISTRATION, CUTANEOUS) or mucous membranes. This method of treatment is used to avoid systemic side effects when high doses are required at a localized area or as an alternative systemic administration route, to avoid hepatic processing for example.

The dissociation of molecules in the air into positive and negative ions under the influence of an electric field.

Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE).

The act of BREATHING in.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

Higher-order DNA and RNA structures formed from guanine-rich sequences. They are formed around a core of at least 2 stacked tetrads of hydrogen-bonded GUANINE bases. They can be formed from one two or four separate strands of DNA (or RNA) and can display a wide variety of topologies, which are a consequence of various combinations of strand direction, length, and sequence. (From Nucleic Acids Res. 2006;34(19):5402-15)

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

Asthma attacks caused, triggered, or exacerbated by OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE.

A group of polycyclic compounds closely related biochemically to TERPENES. They include cholesterol, numerous hormones, precursors of certain vitamins, bile acids, alcohols (STEROLS), and certain natural drugs and poisons. Steroids have a common nucleus, a fused, reduced 17-carbon atom ring system, cyclopentanoperhydrophenanthrene. Most steroids also have two methyl groups and an aliphatic side-chain attached to the nucleus. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed)

Acidic water usually pH 2.5 to 4.5, which poisons the ecosystem and adversely affects plants, fishes, and mammals. It is caused by industrial pollutants, mainly sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted into the atmosphere and returning to earth in the form of acidic rain water.

Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

The volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration. It is the equivalent to each of the following sums: VITAL CAPACITY plus RESIDUAL VOLUME; INSPIRATORY CAPACITY plus FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY; TIDAL VOLUME plus INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus functional residual capacity; or tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume plus EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus residual volume.

A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells.

Focal accumulations of EDEMA fluid in the NASAL MUCOSA accompanied by HYPERPLASIA of the associated submucosal connective tissue. Polyps may be NEOPLASMS, foci of INFLAMMATION, degenerative lesions, or malformations.

The contamination of indoor air.

The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

Lymphocytes responsible for cell-mediated immunity. Two types have been identified - cytotoxic (T-LYMPHOCYTES, CYTOTOXIC) and helper T-lymphocytes (T-LYMPHOCYTES, HELPER-INDUCER). They are formed when lymphocytes circulate through the THYMUS GLAND and differentiate to thymocytes. When exposed to an antigen, they divide rapidly and produce large numbers of new T cells sensitized to that antigen.

The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a maximal expiration. Common abbreviation is RV.

The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).

The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents in the environment or to environmental factors that may include ionizing radiation, pathogenic organisms, or toxic chemicals.

A group of deoxyribonucleotides (up to 12) in which the phosphate residues of each deoxyribonucleotide act as bridges in forming diester linkages between the deoxyribose moieties.

Rapidly decreasing response to a drug or physiologically active agent after administration of a few doses. In immunology, it is the rapid immunization against the effect of toxic doses of an extract or serum by previous injection of small doses. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Adenine nucleotides which contain deoxyribose as the sugar moiety.

The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after reaching the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the TIDAL VOLUME and the INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME. Common abbreviation is IC.

Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.

Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Difficult or labored breathing.

Washing out of the lungs with saline or mucolytic agents for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It is very useful in the diagnosis of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates in immunosuppressed patients.

Enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds within RNA. EC 3.1.-.

The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)

The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.

Compounds that accept electrons in an oxidation-reduction reaction. The reaction is induced by or accelerated by exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of visible or ultraviolet light.

The presence of contaminants or pollutant substances in the air (AIR POLLUTANTS) that interfere with human health or welfare, or produce other harmful environmental effects. The substances may include GASES; PARTICULATE MATTER; or volatile ORGANIC CHEMICALS.

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

A purine nucleoside that has hypoxanthine linked by the N9 nitrogen to the C1 carbon of ribose. It is an intermediate in the degradation of purines and purine nucleosides to uric acid and in pathways of purine salvage. It also occurs in the anticodon of certain transfer RNA molecules. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.

Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle.

Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake.

Helium. A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Skin tests in which the sensitizer is injected.

Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)

7,8,8a,9a-Tetrahydrobenzo(10,11)chryseno (3,4-b)oxirene-7,8-diol. A benzopyrene derivative with carcinogenic and mutagenic activity.

A comparative study of the effects of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate, and beclomethasone dipropionate on bronchial mucosa and asthma symptoms in patients with atopic asthma. (1/1287)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways that is characterized by infiltration of many inflammatory cells into the bronchial mucosa. We compared the effects of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate (DSCG), and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on inflammatory cells in the bronchial mucosa and on the asthma symptoms of patients with atopic asthma. In this 12-week parallel study, 32 patients were randomly allocated to either the ketotifen group (2 mg day-1, n = 13), DSCG group (8 mg day-1, n = 9) or BDP (400 micrograms day-1, n = 10). Each subject recorded daily asthma symptoms and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Before and after treatment, pulmonary function and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine were evaluated, and fibreoptic bronchoscopy and biopsy were performed before and after treatment. Biopsy specimens were obtained by bronchoscopy. We performed immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies for activated eosinophils (EG2), mast cells (AA1), and T cells (CD3, CD4, and CD8). Our clinical findings showed significant improvement in symptom score and bronchial responsiveness (P < 0.01) each) in all groups. Both the DSCG and the BDP groups had significantly better symptom scores than the ketotifen group (P < 0.05, both groups). PEF significantly increased in the DSCG group in comparison to the ketotifen (P < 0.01) and BDP (P < 0.05) groups, FEV1% increased significantly in the DSCG (P < 0.01) and BDP (P < 0.05) groups in comparison to the ketotifen group. Compared with their baseline values, treatment significantly decreased EG2+ activated eosinophils, and CD3+ and CD4+ T cells, in each group (P < 0.01). Both the DSCG (P < 0.05) and the BDP groups (P < 0.01) exhibited significant decreases in AA1+ mast cell count, but this was not observed in the ketotifen group. Comparing before- and after-treatment values, only the DSCG group exhibited a significant decrease in the number of CD8+ T cells (P < 0.01). Ketotifen, DSCG, and BDP all showed anti-inflammatory activity as determined by examination of the bronchial mucosa of asthmatic patients; and both the DSCG and BDP groups had better clinical responses than the ketotifen group. (+info)

Incorporating quality of life data into managed care formulary decisions: a case study with salmeterol. (2/1287)

Pharmacy and Therapeutics committees of managed care organizations have traditionally developed formularies by limiting the numbers and kinds of pharmaceuticals they purchase, with the goal of cutting costs. These attempts to manage pharmaceutical costs do not take into account the interrelationship of the costs of various components of care; thus, drug costs may decrease, but expenditures for utilization of other resources may increase. Cost-minimization and basic cost-effectiveness studies, on which many prior- authorization and formulary programs are based, only evaluate only the cost of the drug and its effectiveness. However, with the heightened competition in the healthcare market, emphasis is increasingly being laid on patient satisfaction and outcomes. Cost-utility analysis is a potentially superior pharmacoeconomic tool because it evaluate the effect of drug therapy on quality of life; however, data from such analyses are seldom readily available to the committees that evaluate a drug's potential effects on the entire healthcare system. The purpose of this review is to stress the importance of approaching formulary management from a wider perspective and to emphasize that the results of cost-utility studies should be proactively evaluated and incorporated into decisions regarding formularies. This is especially important for symptom-intensive diseases, such as asthma, in which the quality of life can be notably impaired. Cost-utility analyses should be conducted for all newer therapies, such as salmeterol, which are highly effective and which have a positive impact on quality of life, to determine the overall effect on the managed care plan's budget. (+info)

Long-term management of asthma: how to improve outcomes. (3/1287)

Improved clinical outcomes in asthma patients have been demonstrated in several clinical trials that applied the National Institutes of Health (NIH) guidelines for the long-term management of asthma. Environmental control, objective monitoring, drug therapy, and partnership in patient education are the major components of optimal management. Inhaled antiinflammatory agents are of major importance for long-term control in patients with persistent asthma. Adequate patient education is absolutely essential for excellent, cost-effective care of patients with asthma. Improved outcomes in adults with asthma have been demonstrated at clinics initiated and managed by pharmacists. Further trials are needed with large numbers of patients in managed care organizations. (+info)

Effects of an asthma management program on the asthmatic member: patient-centered results of a 2-year study in a managed care organization. (4/1287)

OBJECTIVE: To report the results of a 2-year pilot program of asthma education based on National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute treatment guidelines. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Asthmatic members (n = 6698) of a managed care organization received education about their condition directly or through their primary care physician. Medical and pharmacy administrative claims data were reviewed to measure acute asthma events and prescribed therapies in the first (the baseline) and second years of the study. The claims data were augmented by member surveys from a stratified random sample of 2734 asthmatic patients who were members (6 years of age or older) in the baseline year. RESULTS: Compared with the first year, asthmatic members received fewer inpatient services and the proportion of asthmatic members prescribed oral inhaled corticosteroids increased 30% in the second year. Health-related quality of life, measured with validated general and disease-specific instruments; satisfaction with the quality of care; exposure to patient education; knowledge of the disease; and member's confidence in their ability to manage their disease showed statistically significant improvements during the follow-up year of the program for both adult and child asthmatic members. CONCLUSION: For asthmatic members of this health plan, a comprehensive asthma health management program improved processes of care and outcomes. (+info)

Hyperbaric oxygen increases plasma exudation in rat trachea: involvement of nitric oxide. (5/1287)

This study investigates the microvascular permeability changes in tracheal tissue of rats exposed to hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). Rats, following exposure to HBO or ambient air (control animals) for 1.5, 3 and 6 h, were prepared for recording of nitric oxide exhaled (FENO) in air using a chemiluminescence analyser. The level of FENO was not statistically different in the two groups. Plasma exudation, evaluated by measuring the leakage of Evans blue (EB) dye into the tracheal tissue, was significantly elevated (48, 86 and 105% at 1.5, 3 and 6 h, respectively) in HBO-treated rats. Plasma exudation in the trachea of control rats was significantly increased (42%, P<0.05) by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), whereas it was significantly reduced (31%, P<0.05) in rats exposed to HBO for 3 h. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and flunisolide significantly prevented the increase in plasma leakage in HBO-treated rats. In contrast, indomethacin was devoid of anti-exudative activity in these experiments. Western immunoblot showed a significant increase in the level of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein in the tracheal homogenates of HBO-treated rats, as compared to basal levels. These results indicate that nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the maintenance of microvascular permeability in tracheal tissue of rats. The protective effect observed with the steroid seems to support this hypothesis. Furthermore, the beneficial action of NAC underlines that reactive oxygen species participate in the microvascular permeability changes observed in tracheal tissue of rats exposed to HBO. (+info)

Persistent cough: is it asthma? (6/1287)

The aim of this study was to determine if children in the community with persistent cough can be considered to have asthma. A validated questionnaire was given to the parents of 1245 randomly selected children aged 6-12 years. Atopy was measured with skin prick tests. Children with persistent cough had less morbidity and less atopy compared with children with wheeze. Although the syndrome commonly referred to as "cough variant asthma" could not be shown in this study, a significant number of children with persistent cough had been diagnosed as having asthma and were treated with asthma medications including inhaled corticosteroids. Studies are urgently needed to determine the appropriate treatment for children with persistent cough. (+info)

Effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist pranlukast on cellular infiltration in the bronchial mucosa of patients with asthma. (7/1287)

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that pranlukast reduces the antigen induced immediate and late phase asthmatic responses, airway hyperreactivity to acetylcholine, and pulmonary eosinophil accumulation in guinea pigs. A study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that pranlukast may reduce the number of inflammatory cells in the bronchial mucosa of patients with asthma. METHODS: A double blind, placebo controlled study was performed in 17 mild to moderate asthmatic subjects to examine changes in inflammatory cell infiltration in response to pranlukast (225 mg orally twice per day for four weeks). Comparisons of the mean daily beta 2 agonist use, symptom score, FEV1 percentage predicted, and airway methacholine responsiveness were made before and after treatment. Using fibreoptic bronchoscopy, bronchial biopsy specimens were obtained before and after treatment with either pranlukast (n = 10) or placebo (n = 7). Immunohistology was performed using monoclonal antibodies for CD3, CD4, CD8, CD68, NP57, AA1, EG1, EG2, gamma GTP and CD19. RESULTS: When the pranlukast and placebo treated groups were compared there were decreases in beta 2 agonist use, symptom score, and airway methacholine responsiveness after pranlukast but no increase in FEV1 was seen. The clinical response in patients treated with pranlukast was accompanied by a reduction in CD3 (median difference -37, 95% confidence interval (CI) -69 to -1; p < 0.05), CD4 (median difference -28, 95% CI -49 to -8; p < 0.01), AA1 (median difference -15, 95% CI -26 to 0; p < 0.05) and EG2 positive cells (95% CI -35 to 0; p < 0.05), but not in EG1 positive eosinophils, gamma GTP positive cells, and CD19 positive plasma cells. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the view that pranlukast may act by inhibition of bronchial inflammation in patients with asthma. (+info)

Systemic activity of inhaled and swallowed beclomethasone dipropionate and the effect of different inhaler devices. (8/1287)

Inhaled glucocorticoids such as beclomethasone dipropionate, which are used in the treatment of asthma, may be associated with systemic adverse effects. To determine whether any systemic absorption following the inhalation of beclomethasone was a result of drug being absorbed from the lung (inhaled fraction) or the gastrointestinal tract (swallowed fraction), we studied normal subjects after the inhalation or swallowing of 2 mg beclomethasone dipropionate. Systemic activity was assessed using early morning cortisol suppression. Both inhaled and swallowed fractions produced significant systemic activity, the degree of which depended on the inhaler device used. Systemic activity was greater using a dry powder inhaler (52%) than using a metered dose inhaler with a large volume spacer (28%). These findings suggest that to limit potential adverse effects from high-dose beclomethasone dipropionate it is better to use a metered dose aerosol with large volume spacer than a dry powder. (+info)

It is also an anti-asthmatic agent and a demethylized metabolite of caffeine. Small open-label trials suggest that theophylline ... Several xanthines and non-xanthines are under development as potential anti-parkinsonism agents, which are selective for A2A ... Some effects were found to be due to enhanced activity of natural killer cells and also due to enhanced efficacy of anti-PD-1 ... adenosine receptor ligands as anti-inflammatories and many more. Several attempts have been made by using virtual screening to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_A2A_receptor_antagonist

... anti-asthmatic, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, antiviral and anti-inflammatory agents. A patent application for 4- ... A variety of derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline are antimalarial agents useful in treating erythrocytic plasmodial infections. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-Aminoquinoline

Chandrakant Nimgulkar, Chetan; Dattatray Patil, Savita; Dinesh Kumar, B. (July 2011). "Anti-asthmatic and anti-anaphylactic ... It is used as a glazing agent on pills. Carmine, derived from crushed cochineal beetles, is a red or purple substance commonly ... a type of cockroach which has been studied by homeopaths for anti-asthmatic effects. Gelatin is derived from animal skin, bone ... Non-animal derived alternatives to gelatin include pectin as a gelling agent or cellulose for creating capsules. Lactose is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_products_in_pharmaceuticals

Ciclosporin has been touted as a therapeutic option in moderate to severe asthmatic patients as a corticosteroid sparing agent ... These efforts probed the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties of ciclosporin after regional deposition of drug in ... It was originally used to prevent transplant rejection of solid organs but has also found use as an orally administered agent ... Evans, DJ; Cullinan, P; Geddes, DM (2001). "Cyclosporin as an oral corticosteroid sparing agent in stable asthma". Cochrane ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhaled_ciclosporin

... mimics the asthmatic hypersensitivity to agents that cause bronchoconstriction by increasing airway narrowing responses to ... Nixon, Jennifer B; Kim, Kyung-Su; Lamb, Patricia W; Bottone, Frank G; Eling, Thomas E (2004). "15-Lipoxygenase-1 has anti- ... This stimulation appears due to a direct interaction of these agents on TRPV1 although reports disagree on the potencies of the ... "Statins meditate anti-atherosclerotic action in smooth muscle cells by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ activation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic_acid

There is no evidence supporting different treatment for EIB in asthmatic athletes and nonathletes. The most common medication ... Some physicians prescribe inhaled anti-inflammatory mists such as corticosteroids or leukotriene antagonists, and mast cell ... or a mast cell stabilizing agent before exercise." A crossover study compared oral montelukast with inhaled salmeterol, both ... Brannan JD, Koskela H, Anderson SD, Chew N (1998). "Responsiveness to mannitol in asthmatic subjects with exercise- and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise-induced_bronchoconstriction

... exacerbation of asthmatic bronchoconstriction and related symptoms. In extremely rare instances, asthmatic symptoms in response ... a sulfur-dioxide-related agent, or an agent whose levels in alcohol beverages correlated positively with those of sulfur ... and by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) other than aspirin. The study suggested the salicylate-"contaminates" in ... tested the effects of alcoholic beverage consumption on the respiratory symptoms of 11 asthmatic subjects who gave a history of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol-induced_respiratory_reactions

While much further work is needed, these studies indicate that PGF2α-FP axis has some pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory ... The axis may likewise play role in human allergic responses: PGF2α causes airway constriction in normal and asthmatic humans ... Eyelid hypotrichosis caused by FP receptor agonists are used as highly effective agents to synchronize the oestrus cycles of ... of the tachycardia response to the pro-inflammatory agent, lipopolysaccharide. PTGFR knockout mice also show a reduction in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_F_receptor

... oral anti-diabetics, colestyramine, dextromethorphan, mifepristone, corticosteroids, anti-platelet agents and selective ... have had an acute asthmatic attack, hives, rhinitis (inflammation of the inner lining of the nasal passage), or other allergic ... Tenoxicam, sold under the brand name Mobiflex among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to ... "Assessment report for Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and cardiovascular risk" (PDF). European Medicines Agency ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenoxicam

... they are anti-inflammatory cell signaling agents. Lipoxins are derived enzymatically from arachidonic acid, an ω-6 fatty acid. ... LXA4 inhibits the-bronchial contracting action of LTC4 and relaxes pre-contracted bronchi in asthmatic individuals. Kaposi's ... and metabolites of the latter two classes of enzymes while suppressing production of anti-inflammatory signaling agents such as ... which increases production of the anti-inflammatory gaseous signaling agent, carbon monoxide, and genes involved in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipoxin

When medications such as NSAIDs or aspirin block the COX-1 enzyme, production of thromboxane and some anti-inflammatory ... Ledford DK, Wenzel SE, Lockey RF (2014). "Aspirin or other nonsteroidal inflammatory agent exacerbated asthma". The Journal of ... Eosinophils isolated from the blood of aspirin-induced asthma subjects (as well as severe asthmatic patients) greatly ... March 2014). "Cross-reactivity to Acetaminophen and Celecoxib According to the Type of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin_exacerbated_respiratory_disease

... or etamiphyllin (INN) is a xanthine intended for use as an anti-asthma agent. It has shown poor to absent effects ... Vazquez, C; Labayru, T; Rodriguez-Soriano, J (1984). "Poor bronchodilator effect of oral etamiphylline in asthmatic children". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etamiphylline

A primary cause was the donning agent used for latex gloves prior to the 1990s, however most gloves now use protein free starch ... Wheat may specifically induce WDEIA and certain chronic urticaria because the anti-gliadin IgE detects ω5-gliadins expressed by ... enter the blood stream during exercise where they cause acute asthmatic or allergic reaction. ... While gluten is also the causative agent of celiac disease (CD), celiac disease can be contrasted to gluten allergy by the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheat_allergy

Agents such as montelukast and zafirlukast block the actions of cysteinyl leukotrienes at the CysLT1 receptor on target cells ... Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of hyperforin have been described as inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (but not COX-2) and 5- ... These effects contribute to inflammation, edema, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstriction in the airways of asthmatic patients ... Antihistamine Scott JP, Peters-Golden M (September 2013). "Antileukotriene agents for the treatment of lung disease". Am. J. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antileukotriene

... tocolytic agents MeSH D27.505.954.796 - respiratory system agents MeSH D27.505.954.796.050 - anti-asthmatic agents MeSH D27.505 ... anti-allergic agents MeSH D27.505.954.122 - anti-infective agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.085 - anti-bacterial agents MeSH D27.505 ... antiviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077 - anti-retroviral agents MeSH D27.505.954.122.388.077.088 - anti-hiv agents MeSH ... tranquilizing agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.015 - anti-anxiety agents MeSH D27.505.696.277.950.025 - antimanic agents MeSH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D27)

... and human platelet thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptors by immunoaffinity chromatography employing anti-peptide and anti- ... TP receptor-independent agents that stimulate cells to activate protein kinases C or protein kinases A can also down-regulate ... The TP receptor appears to play and essential role in the pro-asthmatic actions of leukotriene C4 (LTC4): in ovalbumin- ... However, these studies face issues that drugs which indirectly target TP (e.g. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that block ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboxane_receptor

Reduction of exposure to asthma triggers should be done by asthmatic patient as well. Parents of asthmatic children should also ... Other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) that inhibits the enzyme, cyclooxygenase-1, may also lead to an asthma ... Occupational asthma refers to a type of asthma that is resulted from repeated exposure to an agent that causes or exacerbates ... One of the clinical asthmatic symptoms is shortness of breath due to narrowing of the respiratory tract, caused by mucus plug ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma_trigger

... eicosanoids most often act as autocrine signaling agents to impact their cells of origin or as paracrine signaling agents to ... Inhibition of COX-1 and/or the inducible COX-2 isoforms, is the hallmark of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), ... isolated from severe and aspirin-intolerant asthmatics was greater than that from healthy volunteers and mild asthmatic ... Heat-PGE2 is also a potent pyretic agent. Aspirin and NSAIDS-drugs that block the COX pathways and stop prostanoid synthesis- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eicosanoid

Both types of agent appear to reduce the risk of acute exacerbations by 15-25%. The combination of LABA/LAMA may reduce COPD ... Inhaled corticosteroids are anti-inflammatories that are recommended by GOLD as a first-line maintenance treatment in COPD ... NICE guidelines recommend the use of ICSs in people with asthmatic features or features suggesting steroid responsiveness. ... In times of more severe symptoms a short acting agent may be used in combination. An inhaled corticosteroid used with a long- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease

"The Case of the Anti-Soviet Trotskyite Centre." Moscow. 1937. "The Case of the Anti-Soviet 'Bloc of Rights and Trotskyites'." ... One was NKVD agent Valentin Olberg who taught at the Gorky Pedagogic Institute. The others were Soviet statesmen and former ... This was very unpleasant for both prisoners but particularly Zinoviev who was asthmatic and couldn't tolerate the artificially ... 141, Moscow, March 21, 1938 Robert Tucker, "Report of Court Proceedings in the Case of the Anti-Soviet "Block of Rights and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moscow_trials

"Effect of an interleukin-4 variant on late phase asthmatic response to allergen challenge in asthmatic patients: results of two ... Long AA (2009). "Monoclonal antibodies and other biologic agents in the treatment of asthma". mAbs. 1 (3): 237-46. doi:10.4161/ ... Antiasthmatic drugs, Recombinant proteins). ... In addition to improvements in the late asthmatic response, ... Some immune cells in allergic asthmatics respond aggressively to foreign allergens with the release of IL-4 and 13, two key ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitrakinra

Jones P, Lamdin R, Dalziel SR (August 2020). "Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for ... exacerbations of asthmatic and rhinitis (see aspirin-induced asthma) symptoms in individuals with a history of asthma or ... These agents may also cause kidney impairment, especially in combination with other nephrotoxic agents. Kidney failure is ... Most nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are weak acids, with a pKa of 3-5. They are absorbed well from the stomach and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsteroidal_anti-inflammatory_drug

... or by using an anti-CD38 antibody neutralizing agent, e.g. DaraEx. Cassic acid (Rhein) CD38-IN-78c Chrysanthemin (Kuromanin) ... CD38 increases airway contractility hyperresponsiveness, is increased in the lungs of asthmatic patients, and amplifies the ... Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 13 (1): 54-61. PMID 10432444. Mallone R, Perin PC (2006). "Anti-CD38 ... May 2020). "MOR202, a novel anti-CD38 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a first-in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CD38

Hundreds of bands carry on this Salvation Army tradition, such as New Zealand's Moped, Chamberlain, Vatic, Agent C, and The ... In 2001, the Salvation Army pressed the Bush Administration to exempt it and other religious groups from anti-discrimination ... found mould on a wall next to the bed of an asthmatic child in another home. Alan Read, the Salvation Army's managing director ... Residents of one property reported a hole in their roof to Salvation Army's agent six years prior to the newspapers ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Salvation_Army

Asthmatic patients have also shown elevated sensitization to M. racemosus. Mucor racemosus-specific IgE antibody is commonly ... However, some secondary metabolites of the fungus have been found to have anti-inflammatory activity similar to the drug ... M. racemosus is a rare agent of human disease, typically only associated with opportunistic infection of immunocompromised ... Comparison of aerobiological data and skin tests with mould extracts in an asthmatic population". Allergy. 40 (3): 181-6. doi: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucor_racemosus

Mice genetically engineered to be deficient in DP2 (i.e. DP2−/-) mice are defective in mounting asthmatic responses in models ... and increased production of an anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10). Studies in Dp2 gene-deficient (i.e. Dp2−/-) mice indicate ... Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents. 17 (4): 334-7. PMID 15065763. Chiba T, Kanda A, Ueki S, Ito W, ... However, the drug, while supporting the concept that DP2 contributes to asthmatic disease, did not show sufficient advantage ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin_DP2_receptor

There are also increased levels of MMP in the lungs of asthmatics. Since tumstatin is cleaved by MMP from the collagen in the ... Wang Shu-jing; Liu Xing-han; Ji Yu-bin; Chen Ning (6-8 July 2007). "The Effect of Tumstatin Anti-tumor Peptide on Proliferation ... Tumstatin is a protein fragment cleaved from collagen that serves as both an antiangiogenic and proapoptotic agent. It has ... Type-IV collagen is present in the basement membrane within normal lungs, and this is reduced in asthmatic patients. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumstatin

Wiebe K, Rowe BH (July 2007). "Nebulized racemic epinephrine used in the treatment of severe asthmatic exacerbation: a case ... "Part 6: Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support Section 6: Pharmacology II: Agents to Optimize Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure ... World Anti-Doping Agency prohibited substances, World Health Organization essential medicines, Wikipedia medicine articles ... contrast agents, medicines, or people with a history of anaphylactic reactions to known triggers. A single dose is recommended ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epinephrine_(medication)

Fruit acids, such as malic acid and tartaric acid, contribute to flavor enhancement and act as anti-microbial agents (suppress ... of asthmatics are also at risk of suffering an adverse reaction. Given that about 10% of the population suffers from asthma, ... Consequently, the FDA requires food manufacturers and processors to disclose the presence of sulfiting agents in concentrations ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dried_fruit

NK cells secrete IFN-γ, which has anti-tumorigenic effects. Multiple studies show a decreased frequency of NK cells and IFN-γ ... In the case of ILC2, Gata3 can be downregulated due to the exposure of infectious agents such as the influenza virus, ... The presence of the 'allergen- experienced' ILC2s may be the reason asthmatic patients are often sensitised to various ... ILC3s can also be involved in pro or anti-tumorigenic environments. The production of IL-17 can support the growth of tumors ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innate_lymphoid_cell

The first is named the early asthmatic response, and the latter the late asthmatic response. Bronchioconstriction can occur as ... Muscarinic antagonists (anti-cholinergics): Blocking the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in pulmonary smooth muscle tissue ... for people with emphysema and there are several anticholinergic medications that in combination with mucous thinning agents ... Unlike the SABAs, these medications do not provide relief of acute symptoms or asthmatic attacks, and their benefits are ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bronchoconstriction

The particles act as a thixotropic thickening agent, or as an anti-caking agent, and can be treated to make them hydrophilic or ... Children, asthmatics of any age, those with allergies, and the elderly (all of whom have reduced lung capacity) can be affected ... It is used primarily as a flow or anti-caking agent in powdered foods such as spices and non-dairy coffee creamer, or powders ... Fumed silica nanoparticles can be successfully used as an anti-aging agent in asphalt binders. Silica, either colloidal, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_dioxide

Radiometric assays include the radioallergosorbent test (RAST test) method, which uses IgE-binding (anti-IgE) antibodies ... Food allergies rarely cause respiratory (asthmatic) reactions, or rhinitis. Insect stings, food, antibiotics, and certain ... These include antihistamines, glucocorticoids, epinephrine (adrenaline), mast cell stabilizers, and antileukotriene agents are ... and anti-IL-5 for eosinophilic diseases. List of allergens Allergic shiner Histamine intolerance Oral allergy syndrome "Types ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergy

... as an anti-fungal remedy, an anti-tumor drug and as a general ingredient to be used in protein engineering. Ligninase Jollès P ... Zhu Z, Zheng T, Homer RJ, Kim YK, Chen NY, Cohn L, Hamid Q, Elias JA (June 2004). "Acidic mammalian chitinase in asthmatic Th2 ... Possible future applications of chitinases are as food additives to increase shelf life, therapeutic agent for asthma and ... Hunter MM, McKay DM (January 2004). "Review article: helminths as therapeutic agents for inflammatory bowel disease". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitinase

The use of concurrent treatment with vancomycin or other beta-lactam agents may have a synergistic effect.: 637 Both CA-MRSA ... Moreover, the efficacy of vancomycin against MRSA is inferior to that of anti-staphylococcal beta-lactam antibiotics against ... severe asthmatics; etc.) Diabetics Intravenous drug users Regular contact with someone who has injected drugs in the past year ... Because the oral absorption of vancomycin and teicoplanin is very low, these agents can be administered intravenously to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methicillin-resistant_Staphylococcus_aureus

While preferred over agents such as atosiban and ritodrine, its role has largely been replaced by the calcium channel blocker ... The 1972 Munich Olympics were the first Olympics where anti-doping measures were deployed, and at that time β2 agonists were ... it can also be used in emergencies to treat asthmatic cats. Toxic effects require an extremely high dose, and most overdoses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salbutamol

Park, Dae Hoon; Joe, Yun Haeng; Piri, Amin; An, Sanggwon; Hwang, Jungho (5 September 2020). "Determination of Air Filter Anti- ... These devices are commonly marketed as being beneficial to allergy sufferers and asthmatics, and at reducing or eliminating ... air filters coated with antimicrobial agents) for preventing the spread of airborne pathogens. Ultraviolet germicidal ... "Efficacy of antimicrobial and anti-viral coated air filters to prevent the spread of airborne pathogens". Scientific Reports. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_purifier

Bronchoconstriction leads to asthmatic attacks and severe dyspnea, and bradycardia combined with marked hypotension and ... Muscarinic antagonists are often called parasympatholytics because they have the same effect as agents that block ... Treatment of the crude aldehyde with allyl bromide and zinc powder in water with NH4Cl as catalyst resulted in an anti:syn ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscarine

August 2002). "Long-term management of atopic dermatitis in infants with topical pimecrolimus, a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory ... Clinical research studies where the NHP has been utilized include investigations into erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, ... A randomised clinical trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention developed for adult asthmatics in a ... "Systematic review of the impact of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents on fatigue in dialysis patients". Nephrology, Dialysis, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_patient-reported_quality_of_life_surveys

Howe biographer Julie M. Fenster describes the anti-Hearst campaign as a "personal turning point" for Howe, in which he got his ... He encouraged her to express herself in print as well and acted for a time as her literary agent. After Franklin's 1932 ... Born to a wealthy family in Indianapolis, Indiana, Howe was a small, sickly, and asthmatic child. The family moved to Saratoga ... Roosevelt was successful, marking him as the new leader of the anti-Tammany "insurgents". Howe interviewed Roosevelt for the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Howe

Among the causative agents are flours, enzymes used in processing food, latex, isocyanates, welding fumes, epoxy resins, and ... Aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly those that inhibit cyclooxygenase 1 (COX1), can ... "Prevalence of aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease among asthmatic patients: A meta-analysis of the literature". The Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinitis

The potential of Dz13 as a therapeutic agent derives from the fact that inactivation of c-Jun can have an effect on downstream ... Anti-cancer effects have been also demonstrated in models of prostate cancer, breast cancer and osteosarcoma. Clinical trials ... Krug, N. et al (2015) Allergen-induced asthmatic responses modified by a GATA3-specific DNAzyme. N Engl J Med. 372(21):1987-95 ... 25(55): 7260-6. Tan, M.L. et al (2010) Direct anti-metastatic efficacy by the DNA enzyme Dz13 and downregulated MMP-2, MMP-9 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dz13

Hyperforin has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibiotic and anti-depressant functions Hammer KD, Hillwig ... Antileukotriene agents Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase ALOX5-inhibiting drugs David L. Nelson, Michael M. Cox. Lehninger's ... These effects contribute to inflammation, edema, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstriction in the airways of asthmatic patients ... Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of hyperforin have been described as inhibition of cyclooxygenase-1 (but not COX-2) and 5- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arachidonate_5-lipoxygenase_inhibitor

Rhodes's companies and agents cemented these advantages by obtaining many mining concessions, as exemplified by the Rudd and ... Rhodes attended the Bishop's Stortford Grammar School from the age of nine, but, as a sickly, asthmatic adolescent, he was ... Shakib, Delara; Linda Givetash (18 June 2020). "Rhodes will fall: Oxford University to remove statue amid anti-racism calls". ... His burial was attended by Ndebele chiefs, now paid agents of the BSAC administration, who asked that the firing party should ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecil_Rhodes

For example, one triage program gave lower priority to asthmatics who had pneumonia than asthmatics who did not have pneumonia ... The agents administering the questions relied entirely on the software, which excluded alternative pathways to citizenship, and ... such as demographics of individuals protected by anti-discrimination law, are often not explicitly considered when collecting ... Solutions to this problem involve ensuring that the intelligent agent does not have any information that could be used to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_bias

Besides its anti-histaminic activity, it is also a functional leukotriene antagonist and a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. "[O]ral ... Kakiuchi M, Ohashi T, Musoh K, Kawamura K, Morikawa K, Kato H (1997). "Studies on the novel antiallergic agent HSR-609: its ... "Effect of ketotifen on phosphodiesterase activity from asthmatic individuals". Allergologia Et Immunopathologia. 18 (4): 197- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketotifen

Monoclonal Antibodies, Anti-asthmatics. Class Summary. Eosinophils produce proinflammatory mediators, such as eosinophilic ... Cytotoxic agents. Class Summary. These agents inhibit cell growth and proliferation. They are reserved for cases resistant to ... These agents have anti-inflammatory properties and cause profound and varied metabolic effects. Corticosteroids modify the ... As an alkylating agent, the mechanism of action of the active metabolites may involve cross-linking of DNA, which interferes ...

https://www.medscape.com/answers/333492-98998/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-cytotoxic-agents-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-churg-strauss-syndrome

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents ... Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Anti-Ulcer Agents, Anticonvulsants, Antihypertensive Agents, Antimicrobial, ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, NF-kappaB Inhibitor. Additional Keywords : Plant ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Anti-Inflammatory Agents. Additional Keywords : Natural Substances Versus ...

https://greenmedinfo.com/pharmacological-action/anti-asthmatic-agents

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/333492-medication

Anti-Asthmatic Agents / therapeutic use* * Asthma / drug therapy* * Child * Humans * Omalizumab / therapeutic use* ... Patient-reported outcomes in moderate-to-severe allergic asthmatics treated with omalizumab: a systematic literature review of ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29057669/

Bronchodilator Agents. Autonomic Agents. Peripheral Nervous System Agents. Physiological Effects of Drugs. Anti-Asthmatic ... Respiratory System Agents. Free Radical Scavengers. Antioxidants. Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action. ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03576885?term=treatment+of+delayed+pulmonary+transition+in+extremely+preterm+infants&draw=2&rank=1

Anti-Asthmatic Agents. Respiratory System Agents. Cholinergic Antagonists. Cholinergic Agents. Neurotransmitter Agents. ... Bronchodilator Agents. Autonomic Agents. Peripheral Nervous System Agents. Physiological Effects of Drugs. ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04315558

Anti-Bacterial Agents. en. dc.subject.mesh. Anti-Asthmatic Agents. en. dc.subject.mesh. Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors. en. ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/55974?show=full

Categories: Anti-Asthmatic Agents Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, ...

https://phil.cdc.gov/AdvancedSearchResults.aspx?Search=Anti-Asthmatic+Agents&parentid=34892&catid=34467

Anti-Asthmatic Agents. Budesonide. Nedocromil. Placebo Effect. Drug Repositioning. To see the data from this visualization as ...

https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/person/120387/network/researchareas/timeline

Experimental study of a potential anti-asthmatic agent: SCH 15280. L Diamond, G K Adams, B Bleidt and B Williams ... Effects of beta adrenergic blocking agents on erythropoietin production in rabbits exposed to hypoxia. G D Fink, L G Paulo and ... Increased sensitivity to dopaminergic agents after chronic neuroleptic treatment. P F Vonvoigtlander, E G Losey and H J ...

https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/193/1

Scientific studies have found that unsweetened natural cocoa powder is enriched with two anti-asthmatic agents - theobromine ... Natural cocoa is an amazing anti-bacterial agent. Studies have found that cocoa reduces the formation and spread of bacteria in ... Flavonoids and polyphenols present in cocoa possess anti-depressant-like effect. Intake of cocoa-rich diet promotes positive ... Regular consumption of natural cocoa powder reduces the tendency of asthmatic episodes, reports a study. ...

https://www.medindia.net/slideshow/top-eleven-health-benefits-of-cocoa-powder.asp

This is a "connection" page, showing publications William Anderson has written about Anti-Asthmatic Agents. ...

https://profiles.ucdenver.edu/display/7400922/Network/ResearchAreas/205579

keywords = "Anti-asthmatic agents, Asthma guidelines, Asthma therapy, Exacerbations, Severe or difficult-to-treat asthma, ...

https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/clinical-burden-and-predictors-of-asthma-exacerbations-in-patient

Monoclonal Antibodies, Anti-asthmatics. Class Summary. Monoclonal antibody effects vary depending on their receptor target. ... These agents act as bronchodilators and are used to treat bronchospasm in acute asthmatic episodes and to prevent bronchospasm ... Anti-leukotriene agents compared to inhaled corticosteroids in the management of recurrent and/or chronic asthma in adults and ... These agents (cromolyn sodium) block early and late asthmatic responses, interfere with chloride channels, stabilize the mast ...

https://www.staging.medscape.com/answers/296301-9680/which-medications-in-the-drug-class-monoclonal-antibodies-anti-asthmatics-are-used-in-the-treatment-of-asthma

The active anti-asthmatic agent is atropine, which causes paralysis of the pulmonary branches of the lungs, eliminating the ... Hyoscyamine is an anticholinergic agent which means it blocks the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the central and the ...

https://yesterdaysisland.com/devils-snare-nantucket2014/

antiinflammatory agent. Year of Approval. 1996. Drug Class. anti-asthmatic agents. ChemblDrugs TdgClinicalTrial DTC ... Qian et al., 2001, Anti-inflammatory activities of LDP-392, a dual PAF receptor antagonist and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor., ... Zouboulis, 2009, Zileuton, a new efficient and safe systemic anti-acne drug., Dermatoendocrinol ...

https://dgidb.genome.wustl.edu/drugs/ZILEUTON

Humans, Asthma, Beclomethasone, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Powders, Peak Expiratory Flow Rate, Double-Blind Method, Nebulizers and ...

https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/71342?53cae300-6e5f-11ed-8276-062b13497950

Agents, Anti-Asthmatic Agents, Antiasthmatic Anti Asthmatic Anti Asthmatic Agent Anti Asthmatic Agents Anti Asthmatic Drug Anti ... Anti Asthmatic. Anti Asthmatic Agent. Anti Asthmatic Agents. Anti Asthmatic Drug. Anti Asthmatic Drugs. Anti Asthmatics. Anti- ... Anti Asthmatics Anti-Asthmatic Anti-Asthmatic Agent Anti-Asthmatic Drug Anti-Asthmatic Drugs Anti-Asthmatics Antiasthmatic ... Asthmatic. Anti-Asthmatic Agent. Anti-Asthmatic Drug. Anti-Asthmatic Drugs. Anti-Asthmatics. Antiasthmatic. Antiasthmatic Agent ...

https://decs.bvsalud.org/en/ths/resource/?id=32858&filter=ths_exact_term&q=ANTIASM%C3%81TICO

Bender B, Milgrom H, Rand C. Nonadherence in asthmatic patients: is there a solution to the problem? Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol ... Guidelines for Using Anti-Inflammatory Agents in the Management of Asthma. Feb 7, 2007 , Asthma , ... Alternative agents for anti-inflammatory treatment of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1998;102:S23-S35.. 7. Szefler SJ. Risks ... Corticosteroids are considered to be the most potent and effective anti-inflammatory agents currently available.8 ...

https://rtmagazine.com/disorders-diseases/chronic-pulmonary-disorders/asthma/guidelines-for-using-anti-inflammatory-agents-in-the-management-of-asthma/

keywords = "Adolescent, Age Factors, Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use, Asthma/diagnosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Drug ... Only 49% of all children receiving asthma medication was diagnosed as an asthmatic. Subgroup analyses on age, gender and ... Only 49% of all children receiving asthma medication was diagnosed as an asthmatic. Subgroup analyses on age, gender and ... Only 49% of all children receiving asthma medication was diagnosed as an asthmatic. Subgroup analyses on age, gender and ...

https://research.vumc.nl/en/publications/prescription-of-respiratory-medication-without-an-asthma-diagnosi

1 Anti-Asthmatic Agents. *1 Antibiotics. *1 Antidotes. *1 Beclomethasone. *1 Birth Weight ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/125337/simple-search?query=&filter_field_1=dateIssued&filter_type_1=equals&filter_value_1=%5B1980+TO+1989%5D&filter_field_2=dateIssued&filter_type_2=equals&filter_value_2=1981&sort_by=score&order=desc&rpp=10&etal=0&start=20

Anti-Asthmatic Agents/therapeutic use ... Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use, Bronchodilator Agents ...

https://sites.bvsalud.org/bigg/en/biblio/?q=mh:Asthma/drug+therapy

Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Asthmatic Agents. Additional Keywords : Risk Reduction. [+] Palmitoylethanolamide treatment ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Interleukin-1 beta downregulation, Interleukin-6 Downregulation, NF-kappaB ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Apoptotic, Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors, Neuroprotective Agents, Nitric Oxide Inhibitor, ... Pharmacological Actions : Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Interleukin-1 beta downregulation, Osteoprotective , Postaglandin PGE2 ...

https://cdn.greenmedinfo.com/substance/palmitoylethanolamide

Anti-Asthmatic Agents. 1. 2013. 54. 0.130. Why? Administration, Topical. 1. 2013 ...

https://profiles.musc.edu/display/person/allansbrett/network/researchareas/details

ANTI ASTHMATIC. *ANTI BACTERIAL. *ANTI CONVULSANTS. *ANTI DIABETIC. *Anti Epilepsy. *ANTI FUNGAL AGENT ...

https://yourmedikart.store/product-tag/myeloproliferative-disorders/

Anti-Asthmatic Agents (Phase 2) Aspergillosis (Phase 4) Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary (Phase 4) ...

https://www.cdek.liu.edu/api/11484/

Many people use Tulasi because it contains a potent anti-stress agent. This herb also possesses anti-asthmatic and anti- ... It contains a potent anti-asthmatic effect and is used for catarrh and bronchitis. ...

http://usapharmacy24.com/catalog/Anti_Viral/Tulasi.htm

http://cheaptadalafilsildenafil.com/catalog/Anti_Viral/Tulasi.htm

It contains a potent anti-asthmatic effect and is used for catarrh and bronchitis. (usapharmacy24.com)
Before taking Zebeta inform your doctor if you suffer from diabetes, psoriasis, predisposed to spasms of bronchi (asthmatic bronchitis, asthma, emphysema) or plan to be operated. (canadianiopharmacy.com)

Food allergies rarely cause respiratory (asthmatic) reactions, or rhinitis . (mdwiki.org)

These agents act as bronchodilators and are used to treat bronchospasm in acute asthmatic episodes and to prevent bronchospasm associated with exercise-induced asthma or nocturnal asthma. (medscape.com)
12 reported that asthma was ultimately excluded in 30% of physician-diagnosed asthmatic patients based on the absence of acute worsening of asthma symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction or bronchial hyperresponsiveness after withdrawal of asthma medication. (ersjournals.com)
The development of controlled release systems of antiasthmatic antianaphylactic drugs is expected to grow significantly, to avoid acute over dosage. (ijpsr.com)

Zataria multiflora induced bronchodilatoion comparable to theophylline syrup in asthmatic patients. (greenmedinfo.com)
Control agents include inhaled corticosteroids, long-acting bronchodilators (beta-agonists and anticholinergics), theophylline (Theo-24, Theochron, Uniphyl), leukotriene modifiers, anti-IgE antibodies, anti-interleukin (IL)-5 antibodies, and anti-IL-4/IL-13 antibodies. (medscape.com)

Results: 57.5% (n=69) of the subjects referred for possible WRA during year one showed WRS but did not have any objective criteria of asthma , 44.9% of them reported a physician-diagnosed asthma while 73.9% of them were taking anti- asthma medication. (cdc.gov)

Adjunctive probiotics alleviates asthmatic symptoms via modulating the gut microbiome and serum metabolome. (greenmedinfo.com)
How often do we doubt the diagnosis in patients labelled as asthmatics and treated accordingly but free of symptoms for a long time? (ersjournals.com)

Increased sensitivity to dopaminergic agents after chronic neuroleptic treatment. (aspetjournals.org)
Oral ketotifen is indicated as an add-on medication in the chronic treatment of mild atopic asthmatic children 1 . (ijpsr.com)

Zebeta contains active ingredient Bisoprolol Fumarate and belongs to a class of drugs called beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agents. (canadianiopharmacy.com)

A total of 36 bioactive compounds were identified by GC-MS analysis, most of them have been reported as antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antiasthma, antifungal, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agents. (jomped.org)

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of purine-2,6-dione-based TRPA1 antagonists with PDE4/7 inhibitory activity. (krakow.pl)

Similarly, in a sample population of physician-labelled asthmatics, 41% showed no evidence of reversible airflow obstruction and had a negative methacholine challenge 11 . (ersjournals.com)
In asthmatics, this manifests as a second wave of decreased airflow 4-8 hours after the initial allergen contact. (jci.org)

INTERPRETATION: A treatment strategy directed at normalisation of the induced sputum eosinophil count reduces asthma exacerbations and admissions without the need for additional anti-inflammatory treatment. (ox.ac.uk)

In a study by Peters et al, the use of the anticholinergic agent tiotropium in 210 asthmatic patients resulted in a superior outcome compared with a doubling of the dose of an inhaled glucocorticoid, as assessed by measuring the morning peak expiratory flow and other secondary outcomes. (medscape.com)
Such widespread publicity has certainly contributed to improve asthma management worldwide and to identify and treat new asthmatic patients. (ersjournals.com)
Unfortunately, international guidelines do not provide validated strategies to confirm or exclude asthma in patients already labelled and treated as asthmatics. (ersjournals.com)
A validated tool like the ECRHS questionnaire has detected a considerable proportion of potentially asthmatic patients who should be addressed to lung function assessment to confirm the diagnosis. (biomedcentral.com)
Une recherche plus approfondie pour déterminer la prévalence et les causes de la non-observance des patients dans les pays du Moyen-Orient est nécessaire pour être en mesure de recommander les interventions les plus efficaces afin d'améliorer l'observance. (who.int)

it has also demonstrated anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-allergy, and anti-diabetic activities. (ndnr.com)

In a cross-sectional population-level comparison study of asthmatics from 1997-1998 and 2004-2005, researchers evaluated controller-to-total asthma medication ratio (greater than 0.5) with asthma exacerbation rates (dispensing of systemic corticosteroid or emergency department visit/hospitalization for asthma). (medscape.com)
Only 49% of all children receiving asthma medication was diagnosed as an asthmatic. (vumc.nl)

Pharmacologic asthma management includes the use of agents for control and agents for relief. (medscape.com)

Many people use Tulasi because it contains a potent anti-stress agent. (usapharmacy24.com)

In 7.4 % of conscripts asthma had been newly diagnosed during the study and about one quarter of the asthmatic subjects received no treatment at all. (biomedcentral.com)

1997. A longitudinal study of ambient air pollutants and the lung peak expiratory flow rates among asthmatic children in Hungary. (cdc.gov)

It was also used as an aphrodisiac, antidote for numerous toxic agents along with various pharmacological uses. (ayurvedicoils.com)
The most sensitive structures were those which were first to associate in the reaction to toxic agents (the corticomedial nucleus of the amygdaloid complex and the olfactory bulb). (harvoa.org)

Effects of beta adrenergic blocking agents on erythropoietin production in rabbits exposed to hypoxia. (aspetjournals.org)

Nonetheless, removal from Supported by Institut de reherche Robert-Sauve´ en sante´ et en se´curite´ du travail (IRSST), grant no. exposure does not generally lead to 099-186. (cdc.gov)
1994. Threshold limit values for chemical substances and physical agents and biological exposure indices. (cdc.gov)

As an alkylating agent, the mechanism of action of the active metabolites may involve cross-linking of DNA, which interferes with growth of rapidly proliferating cells. (medscape.com)

Epicatechin and Epicatechin-3-gallate in tea plays a role in reducing blood glucose level in people suffering from diabetics, it also has an anti-cancer effect. (informationparlour.com)
Willie", étrangement, recoupe en partie le sujet de "Thomas" de The Tree People. (monsieurdelire.com)

The purpose of this study is to measure the effectivity of N. sativa ethanol extract as anti-inflammation on peritoneal Wistar rat mast cells. (biomedcentral.com)

Flavonoids and polyphenols present in cocoa possess anti-depressant-like effect. (medindia.net)
This herb also possesses anti-asthmatic and anti-rheumatic effect. (usapharmacy24.com)
N. sativa is effective as an anti-inflammation on mast cells by inhibition of histamine release and has no toxic effect on mast cell. (biomedcentral.com)

Ces derniers étaient axés sur l'étendue de la non-observance thérapeutique et les facteurs prédictifs en la matière, par types de pathologies telles que l'hypertension, la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive, l'asthme, le diabète, la dépression, la schizophrénie et l'épilepsie. (who.int)

Diabetic Theory in Anti-Alzheimer's Drug Research and Development. (krakow.pl)

This is a "connection" page, showing publications William Anderson has written about Anti-Asthmatic Agents. (ucdenver.edu)

Ketotifen is a perfect candidate for the development of controlled release systems of antiasthmatic antianaphylactic compounds. (ijpsr.com)
then, neither a Converted( seventeenth, unlikely) development nor a possible( unanswered, such) rate requires asthmatic by itself to keep the pressure. (cdseidel.de)

Anatomy18

Organisms10

Diseases33

Chemicals and Drugs99

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment66

Phenomena and Processes41

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science4

Health Care24

Geographicals1

A comparative study of the effects of ketotifen, disodium cromoglycate, and beclomethasone dipropionate on bronchial mucosa and asthma symptoms in patients with atopic asthma. (1/1287)

Incorporating quality of life data into managed care formulary decisions: a case study with salmeterol. (2/1287)

Long-term management of asthma: how to improve outcomes. (3/1287)

Effects of an asthma management program on the asthmatic member: patient-centered results of a 2-year study in a managed care organization. (4/1287)

Hyperbaric oxygen increases plasma exudation in rat trachea: involvement of nitric oxide. (5/1287)

Persistent cough: is it asthma? (6/1287)

Effect of the leukotriene receptor antagonist pranlukast on cellular infiltration in the bronchial mucosa of patients with asthma. (7/1287)

Systemic activity of inhaled and swallowed beclomethasone dipropionate and the effect of different inhaler devices. (8/1287)

Asthma

Bronchial Provocation Tests

Forced Expiratory Volume

Administration, Inhalation

Methacholine Chloride

Anti-Asthmatic Agents

Bronchi

Bronchial Hyperreactivity

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate

Albuterol

Bronchoconstrictor Agents

Bronchoconstriction

Asthma, Exercise-Induced

Bronchodilator Agents

Allergens

Airway Resistance

Eosinophils

Respiratory Function Tests

Hypersensitivity, Immediate

Budesonide

Beclomethasone

Spirometry

Sputum

Lung

Adrenal Cortex Hormones

Immunoglobulin E

Nebulizers and Vaporizers

Airway Remodeling

Breath Tests

Airway Obstruction

Aerosols

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid

Mites

Histamine

Vital Capacity

Skin Tests

Exhalation

Cromolyn Sodium

Antigens, Dermatophagoides

Double-Blind Method

Bronchial Spasm

Tropaeolaceae

Eosinophil Granule Proteins

Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Hypersensitivity

Respiratory System

Pregnenediones

Cross-Over Studies

Interleukin-5

Terbutaline

Rhinitis

Stereoisomerism

Eosinophil Cationic Protein

Ovalbumin

Adrenergic beta-Agonists

Forced Expiratory Flow Rates

Leukotriene E4

Glucocorticoids

Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Maximal Midexpiratory Flow Rate

Status Asthmaticus

Pyroglyphidae

Methacholine Compounds

Clemastine

Ipratropium

Case-Control Studies

Theophylline

Bronchitis

Respiratory Sounds

Respiratory Mucosa

Fenoterol

Asthma, Aspirin-Induced

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Eosinophilia

Chemokine CCL11

Powders

Leukocyte Count

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Metered Dose Inhalers

Respiratory Hypersensitivity