AnatomyDiseasesAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and Occupations
Anterior Thalamic NucleiThalamic NucleiKorsakoff SyndromeMamillary BodiesMidline Thalamic NucleiMediodorsal Thalamic NucleusIntralaminar Thalamic NucleiVentral Thalamic NucleiPosterior Thalamic NucleiThalamusLateral Thalamic NucleiIntracranial AneurysmNeurosurgeryHydrodynamicsAneurysm, RupturedHemodynamicsAneurysmEmbolization, Therapeutic
Anterior Thalamic Nuclei
Three nuclei located beneath the dorsal surface of the most rostral part of the thalamus. The group includes the anterodorsal nucleus, anteromedial nucleus, and anteroventral nucleus. All receive connections from the MAMILLARY BODY and BRAIN FORNIX, and project fibers to the CINGULATE BODY.
Thalamic Nuclei
Several groups of nuclei in the thalamus that serve as the major relay centers for sensory impulses in the brain.
Korsakoff Syndrome
An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM; but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)
Mamillary Bodies
A pair of nuclei and associated gray matter in the interpeduncular space rostral to the posterior perforated substance in the posterior hypothalamus.
Midline Thalamic Nuclei
Small, nonspecific nerve cells scattered in the periventricular GRAY MATTER, separating the medial part of the thalamus from the EPENDYMA of the THIRD VENTRICLE. The group includes the paraventricular nucleus, paratenial nucleus, reuniens nucleus, rhomboidal nucleus, and subfascular nucleus.
Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus
The largest of the medial nuclei of the thalamus. It makes extensive connections with most of the other thalamic nuclei.
Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei
Cell groups within the internal medullary lamina of the THALAMUS. They include a rostral division comprising the paracentral, central lateral, central dorsal, and central medial nuclei, and a caudal division composed of the centromedian and parafascicular nuclei.
Ventral Thalamic Nuclei
A large group of nuclei lying between the internal medullary lamina and the INTERNAL CAPSULE. It includes the ventral anterior, ventral lateral, and ventral posterior nuclei.
Posterior Thalamic Nuclei
A transitional diencephalic zone of the thalamus consisting of complex and varied cells lying caudal to the VENTRAL POSTEROLATERAL NUCLEUS, medial to the rostral part of the PULVINAR, and dorsal to the MEDIAL GENICULATE BODY. It contains the limitans, posterior, suprageniculate, and submedial nuclei.
Thalamus
Paired bodies containing mostly GRAY MATTER and forming part of the lateral wall of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain.
Lateral Thalamic Nuclei
A narrow strip of cell groups on the dorsomedial surface of the thalamus. It includes the lateral dorsal nucleus, lateral posterior nucleus, and the PULVINAR.
Intracranial Aneurysm
Abnormal outpouching in the wall of intracranial blood vessels. Most common are the saccular (berry) aneurysms located at branch points in CIRCLE OF WILLIS at the base of the brain. Vessel rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841)
Neurosurgery
A surgical specialty concerned with the treatment of diseases and disorders of the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral and sympathetic nervous system.
Hydrodynamics
The motion of fluids, especially noncompressible liquids, under the influence of internal and external forces.
Aneurysm, Ruptured
The tearing or bursting of the weakened wall of the aneurysmal sac, usually heralded by sudden worsening pain. The great danger of a ruptured aneurysm is the large amount of blood spilling into the surrounding tissues and cavities, causing HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK.
Hemodynamics
The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.
Aneurysm
Pathological outpouching or sac-like dilatation in the wall of any blood vessel (ARTERIES or VEINS) or the heart (HEART ANEURYSM). It indicates a thin and weakened area in the wall which may later rupture. Aneurysms are classified by location, etiology, or other characteristics.
Embolization, Therapeutic
A method of hemostasis utilizing various agents such as Gelfoam, silastic, metal, glass, or plastic pellets, autologous clot, fat, and muscle as emboli. It has been used in the treatment of spinal cord and INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS, renal arteriovenous fistulas, gastrointestinal bleeding, epistaxis, hypersplenism, certain highly vascular tumors, traumatic rupture of blood vessels, and control of operative hemorrhage.

Group II selective metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists and local cerebral glucose use in the rat. (1/66)

The novel mGluR agonist LY354740 and a related analogue LY379268 are selective for mGluR2/3 receptors and are centrally active after systemic administration. In this study, rates of local cerebral glucose use were measured using the [14C]2-deoxyglucose autoradiographic technique to examine the functional consequences of their systemic administration in the conscious rat. Both LY354740 (0.3, 3.0, 30 mg/kg) and LY379268 (0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/kg) produced dose-dependent changes in glucose use. After LY354740 (3.0mg/kg), 4 of the 42 regions measured showed statistically significant changes from vehicle-treated controls: red nuclei (-16%), mammillary body (-25%), anterior thalamus (-29%), and the superficial layer of the superior colliculus (+50%). An additional 15 regions displayed significant reductions in function-related glucose use (P < .05) in animals treated with LY354740 (30 mg/ kg). LY379268 (0.1, 1.0, 10 mg/kg) produced changes in glucose metabolism in 20% of the brain regions analyzed. Significant increases (P < .05) in glucose use were evident in the following: the superficial layer of the superior colliculus (+81%), locus coeruleus (+57%), genu of the corpus callosum (+31%), cochlear nucleus (+26%), inferior colliculus (+20%), and the molecular layer of the hippocampus (+14%). Three regions displayed significant decreases: mammillary body (-34%), anteroventral thalamic nucleus (-28%), and the lateral habenular nucleus (-24%). These results show the important functional involvement of the limbic system together with the participation of components of different sensory systems in response to the activation of mGluR2 and mGluR3 with LY354740 and LY379268.  (+info)

Primary somatosensory cortex activation is not altered in patients with ventroposterior thalamic lesions: a PET study. (2/66)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We know remarkably little about the mechanisms underlying cortical activation. Such mechanisms might be better understood by studying the effect of well-localized lesions on the cortical activations in simple paradigms. METHODS: We used H(2)(15)O and positron emission tomography to measure regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) at rest and during hand vibration in 7 patients with unilateral thalamic lesion involving the ventroposterior (VP) somatosensory thalamic relay nuclei. We compared the results with those obtained in 6 patients with thalamic lesions sparing the VP nuclei and 6 healthy controls. RESULTS: The patients with VP lesions had a selective hypoperfusion at rest in the ipsilesional primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1). This hypoperfusion was significantly correlated with the degree of contralateral somatosensory deficit. This abnormality may reflect the deafferentation of SM1 from its somatosensory thalamic input. Despite this deafferentation, the ipsilesional SM1 was normally activated by the vibration of the hypoesthetic hand. CONCLUSIONS: The fact that a lesion of the somatosensory thalamic relay nuclei alters the rCBF at rest in SM1 but not its activation by hand vibration indicates that the mechanism of cortical activation is complex, even in the case of simple sensory stimulation. In addition, a dissociation may occur between obvious neurological deficits and apparently normal activation patterns, which suggests that activation studies should be interpreted cautiously in patients with focal brain lesions.  (+info)

Calcium-independent afterdepolarization regulated by serotonin in anterior thalamus. (3/66)

Previous studies have identified an afterdepolarization (ADP) in thalamocortical neurons that is mediated by an upregulation of the hyperpolarization-activated current I(h). This ADP has been suggested to play a key role in the generation of spindle oscillations. In the lateral geniculate nucleus, upregulation of I(h) has been shown to be signaled by a rise in intracellular calcium leading to the activation of adenylate cyclase and formation of cAMP. However, it is unclear how generalizable this mechanism is to other thalamic nuclei. We have used whole cell recording to examine the electrophysiological properties of neurons of the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, a nucleus thought not to undergo spindle oscillations. We now report that cells in this nucleus also display an ADP mediated by I(h). Surprisingly, the ADP and the underlying upregulation of I(h) persisted even after buffering intracellular calcium and blocking calcium influx. These results indicate that, in neurons of the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, an I(h)-mediated ADP can occur through a mechanism that does not involve a rise in intracellular calcium. We next examined the possibility that this calcium-independent ADP might be modulated by serotonin. Serotonin produced a robust enhancement in the amplitude of the ADP even after strong buffering of intracellular calcium and blockade of calcium channels. These results indicate that neurons of the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus display a calcium-independent, I(h)-mediated ADP and that this ADP is a target for regulation by serotonin. These findings identify a novel mechanism by which serotonin can regulate neuronal excitability.  (+info)

Modeling attractor deformation in the rodent head-direction system. (4/66)

We present a model of the head-direction circuit in the rat that improves on earlier models in several respects. First, it provides an account of some of the unique characteristics of head-direction (HD) cell firing in the lateral mammillary nucleus and the anterior thalamus. Second, the model functions without making physiologically unrealistic assumptions. In particular, it implements attractor dynamics in postsubiculum and lateral mammillary nucleus without directionally tuned inhibitory neurons, which have never been observed in vivo, and it integrates angular velocity without the use of multiplicative synapses. The model allows us to examine the relationships among three HD areas and various properties of their representations. A surprising result is that certain combinations of purported HD cell properties are mutually incompatible, suggesting that the lateral mammillary nucleus may not be the primary source of head direction input to anterior thalamic HD cells.  (+info)

Coinciding early activation of the human primary visual cortex and anteromedial cuneus. (5/66)

Proper understanding of processes underlying visual perception requires information on the activation order of distinct brain areas. We measured dynamics of cortical signals with magnetoencephalography while human subjects viewed stimuli at four visual quadrants. The signals were analyzed with minimum current estimates at the individual and group level. Activation emerged 55-70 ms after stimulus onset both in the primary posterior visual areas and in the anteromedial part of the cuneus. Other cortical areas were active after this initial dual activation. Comparison of data between species suggests that the anteromedial cuneus either comprises a homologue of the monkey area V6 or is an area unique to humans. Our results show that visual stimuli activate two cortical areas right from the beginning of the cortical response. The anteromedial cuneus has the temporal position needed to interact with the primary visual cortex V1 and thereby to modify information transferred via V1 to extrastriate cortices.  (+info)

Background, but not foreground, spatial cues are taken as references for head direction responses by rat anterodorsal thalamus neurons. (6/66)

Two populations of limbic neurons are likely neurophysiological substrates for cognitive operations required for spatial orientation and navigation: hippocampal pyramidal cells discharge selectively when the animal is in a certain place (the "firing field") in the environment, whereas head direction cells discharge when the animal orients its head in a specific, "preferred" direction. Cressant et al. (1997) showed that the firing fields of hippocampal place cells reorient relative to a group of three-dimensional objects only if these are at the periphery, but not the center of an enclosed platform. To test for corresponding responses in head direction cells, three objects were equally spaced along the periphery of a circular platform. Preferred directions were measured before and after the group of objects was rotated. (The rat was disoriented in total darkness between sessions). This was repeated in the presence or absence of a cylinder enclosing the platform. When the enclosure was present, the preferred directions of all 30 cells recorded shifted by the same angle as the objects. In the absence of the enclosure, the preferred directions did not follow the objects, remaining fixed relative to the room. These results provide a possible neurophysiological basis for observations from psychophysical experiments in humans that background, rather than foreground, cues are preferentially used for spatial orientation.  (+info)

Active locomotion increases peak firing rates of anterodorsal thalamic head direction cells. (7/66)

Head direction (HD) cells discharge selectively in macaques, rats, and mice when they orient their head in a specific ("preferred") direction. Preferred directions are influenced by visual cues as well as idiothetic self-motion cues derived from vestibular, proprioceptive, motor efferent copy, and command signals. To distinguish the relative importance of active locomotor signals, we compared HD cell response properties in 49 anterodorsal thalamic HD cells of six male Long-Evans rats during active displacements in a foraging task as well as during passive rotations. Since thalamic HD cells typically stop firing if the animals are tightly restrained, the rats were trained to remain immobile while drinking water distributed at intervals from a small reservoir at the center of a rotatable platform. The platform was rotated in a clockwise/counterclockwise oscillation to record directional responses in the stationary animals while the surrounding environmental cues remained stable. The peak rate of directional firing decreased by 27% on average during passive rotations (r(2) = 0.73, P < 0.001). Individual cells recorded in sequential sessions (n = 8) reliably showed comparable reductions in peak firing, but simultaneously recorded cells did not necessarily produce identical responses. All of the HD cells maintained the same preferred directions during passive rotations. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the level of locomotor activity provides a state-dependent modulation of the response magnitude of AD HD cells. This could result from diffusely projecting neuromodulatory systems associated with motor state.  (+info)

The conjoint importance of the hippocampus and anterior thalamic nuclei for allocentric spatial learning: evidence from a disconnection study in the rat. (8/66)

A disconnection procedure was used to test whether the hippocampus and anterior thalamic nuclei form functional components of the same spatial memory system. Unilateral excitotoxic lesions were placed in the anterior thalamic (AT) nuclei and hippocampus (HPC) in either the same (AT-HPC Ipsi group) or contralateral (AT-HPC Contra group) hemispheres of rats. The behavioral effects of these combined lesions were compared in several spatial memory tasks sensitive to bilateral hippocampal lesions. In all of the tasks tested, T-maze alternation, radial arm maze, and Morris water maze, those animals with lesions placed in the contralateral hemispheres were more impaired than those animals with lesions in the same hemisphere. These results provide direct support for the notion that the performance of tasks that require spatial memory rely on the operation of the anterior thalamus and hippocampus within an integrated neural network.  (+info)

Striking reduction in neurons and glial cells in anterior thalamic nuclei of older patients with Down syndrome - Forskning -...
The anterior thalamic nuclei are important for spatial and episodic memory, however, surprisingly little is known about the status of these nuclei in neurological conditions that present with memory impairments, such as Down syndrome. We quantified neurons and glial cells in the anterior thalamic nuclei of four older patients with Down syndrome. There was a striking reduction in the volume of the anterior thalamic nuclei and this appeared to reflect the loss of approximately 70% of neurons. The number of glial cells was also reduced but to a lesser degree than neurons. The anterior thalamic nuclei appear to be particularly sensitive to effects of aging in Down syndrome and the pathology in this region likely contributes to the memory impairments observed. These findings reaffirm the importance of examining the status of the anterior thalamic nuclei in conditions where memory impairments have been principally assigned to pathology in the medial temporal lobe ...
https://research.regionh.dk/da/publications/striking-reduction-in-neurons-and-glial-cells-in-anterior-thalamic-nuclei-of-older-patients-with-down-syndrome
Differential regulation of synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal and the hypothalamic inputs to the anterior thalamus -ORCADifferential regulation of synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal and the hypothalamic inputs to the anterior thalamus -ORCA
The hippocampus projects to the anterior thalamic nuclei both directly and indirectly via the mammillary bodies, but little is known about the electrophysiological properties of these convergent pathways. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, the presence of long-term plasticity in anterior thalamic nuclei synapses in response to high- and low-frequency stimulation (LFS) in urethane-anesthetized rats. We compared the synaptic changes evoked via the direct vs. the indirect hippocampal pathways to the anterior thalamus, and found that long-term potentiation (LTP) of the thalamic field response is induced predominantly through the direct hippocampal projections. Furthermore, we have estimated that that long-term depression (LTD) can be induced only after stimulation of the indirect connections carried by the mammillothalamic tract. Interestingly, basal synaptic transmission mediated by the mammillothalamic tract undergoes use-dependent, BDNF-mediated potentiation, revealing a distinct form of ...
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/11340/
The anterior thalamus provides a subcortical circuit supporting memory and spatial navigation -ORCAThe anterior thalamus provides a subcortical circuit supporting memory and spatial navigation -ORCA
The anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN), a central component of Papez circuit, are generally assumed to be key constituents of the neural circuits responsible for certain categories of learning and memory. Supporting evidence for this contention is that damage to either of two brain regions, the medial temporal lobe and the medial diencephalon, is most consistently associated with anterograde amnesia. Within these respective regions, the hippocampal formation and the ATN (anteromedial, anteroventral, and anterodorsal) are the particular structures of interest. The extensive direct and indirect hippocampal-anterior thalamic interconnections and the presence of theta-modulated cells in both sites further support the hypothesis that these structures constitute a neuronal network crucial for memory and cognition. The major tool in understanding how the brain processes information is the analysis of neuronal output at each hierarchical level along the pathway of signal propagation coupled with ...
https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk/51250/
Theta-modulated head direction cells in the rat anterior thalamus. - Shane OMara
Take-home message - two key findings: (1) there are head-direction cells in the anteroventral thalamus (head direction cells fire when the head is pointed in a particular orientation); (2) a large fraction of these cells are theta-modulated (a strong 7-12 Hz oscillation in the EEG, studied most frequently in the hippocampal formation). These data are interesting because they suggests that the anterior thalamus…
https://shaneomara.com/2013/10/06/theta-modulated-head-direction-cells-in-the-rat-anterior-thalamus/
Sonication of the anterior thalamus with MRI-Guided transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) alters pain thresholds in healthy...Sonication of the anterior thalamus with MRI-Guided transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) alters pain thresholds in healthy...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Sonication of the anterior thalamus with MRI-Guided transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) alters pain thresholds in healthy adults. T2 - A double-blind, sham-controlled study. AU - Badran, Bashar W.. AU - Caulfield, Kevin A.. AU - Stomberg-Firestein, Sasha. AU - Summers, Philipp M.. AU - Dowdle, Logan T.. AU - Savoca, Matt. AU - Li, Xingbao. AU - Austelle, Christopher W.. AU - Short, E. Baron. AU - Borckardt, Jeffrey J.. AU - Spivak, Norman. AU - Bystritsky, Alexander. AU - George, Mark S.. N1 - Funding Information: Funding for this study was provided by the Tiny Blue Dot Foundation (TBD) . Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Authors. PY - 2020/11/1. Y1 - 2020/11/1. N2 - Background: Transcranial focused ultrasound (tFUS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation method that may modulate deep brain structures. This study investigates whether sonication of the right anterior thalamus would modulate thermal pain thresholds in healthy individuals. Methods: We enrolled 19 healthy individuals ...
https://experts.umn.edu/en/publications/sonication-of-the-anterior-thalamus-with-mri-guided-transcranial-
Plus itPlus it
The brain regions that may be functionally involved in the control of anxiety and the development of seizures were examined using quantitative 1-14C-deoxyglucose autoradiography. For this purpose, beta- carbolines FG 7142 and DMCM were employed. They exert their effects via the benzodiazepine receptor, and whereas both possess anxiogenic properties, FG 7142 is a proconvulsant and DMCM a potent convulsant. The pattern of increases of local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) induced by FG 7142 was mainly restricted to limbic structures, such as the lateral septal nucleus, the anterior thalamic nuclei, and the mamillary nuclei. However, structures involved in motor regulation were also affected. A pronounced increase in LCGU was observed in the posterior part of the substantia nigra, pars reticulata. Further, the LCGU of the globus pallidus, the ventral thalamic nucleus, and the cerebellum was increased. DMCM likewise increased LCGU of the mamillary body and the lateral septal nucleus. In contrast ...
http://www.jneurosci.org/content/7/4/1047
Limbic System the Neurophysiology of Emotions
The study of the limbic system explains how emotions are generated. Four interconnected modules: the hypothalamus, the anterior thalamic nucleus, the cingulate gyrus and the hippocampus
http://www.nutramed.com/persona.nutramed.com/emotions/LimbicSystem.htm
Self-organizing continuous attractor networks and path integration: one-dimensional models of head direction cells. - Oxford...
Some neurons encode information about the orientation or position of an animal, and can maintain their response properties in the absence of visual input. Examples include head direction cells in rats and primates, place cells in rats and spatial view cells in primates. Continuous attractor neural networks model these continuous physical spaces by using recurrent collateral connections between the neurons which reflect the distance between the neurons in the state space (e.g. head direction space) of the animal. These networks maintain a localized packet of neuronal activity representing the current state of the animal. We show how the synaptic connections in a one-dimensional continuous attractor network (of for example head direction cells) could be self-organized by associative learning. We also show how the activity packet could be moved from one location to another by idiothetic (self-motion) inputs, for example vestibular or proprioceptive, and how the synaptic connections could self-organize to
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/30407
Plus itPlus it
The cytokine interleukin-1 (IL-1) has a number of biologic activities, including pronounced effects on the nervous and neuroendocrine systems. In this study, in situ histochemical techniques were used to investigate the distribution of cells expressing type I IL-1 receptor mRNA in the CNS, pituitary, and adrenal gland of the mouse. Hybridization of 35S-labeled antisense cRNA probes derived from a murine T-cell IL-1 receptor cDNA revealed a distinct regional distribution of the type I IL-1 receptor, both in brain and in the pituitary gland. In the brain, an intense signal was observed over the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus, over the entire midline raphe system, over the choroid plexus, and over endothelial cells of postcapillary venules throughout the neuraxis. A weak to moderate signal was observed over the pyramidal cell layer of the hilus and CA3 region of the hippocampus, over the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus, over Purkinje cells of the cerebellar cortex, and in scattered clusters ...
http://www.jneurosci.org/content/12/3/1101
Memory impairments following restricted thalamic lesions in monkeys [Abstract] -ORCAMemory impairments following restricted thalamic lesions in monkeys [Abstract] -ORCA
Thalamic contributions to memory were assessed in monkeys with lesions placed in the medial portions of either the anterior or posterior thalamus (AMT and PMT respectively). Nine cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were trained on a recognition task which required the animal to select a novel object in preference to a sample object which had been presented to the monkey 10s earlier. Three monkeys then received surgical lesions centred in the anterior nuclei (AMT) and three received lesions centred in nucleus medialis dorsalis (PMT). Although the experimental monkeys rapidly relearned this task of object recognition, both the AMT and PMT groups performed significantly worse than the unoperated control monkeys when the task was made harder by requiring the animals to distinguish the sample objects after increasing delays (30s, 60s, 120s) or after additional intervening objects (3, 5, and then 10). Furthermore, all three PMT animals and two of the AMT group were moderately impaired on a test ...
http://orca.cf.ac.uk/11456/
WOROI: 227 - Ventroanterior thalamic nucleus
The ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus. It is likely connected to frontal cortex 6 areas (8-44) according to Talairach 1988, and it gets input from the basal ganglia according to Heimer. The ventroanterior nucleus is not the same as the anteroventral nucleus (that appear in the anterior thalamic nuclear group). ...
http://hendrix.imm.dtu.dk/services/jerne/brede/WOROI_227.html
Bassett Collection - Lane Medical Library - Stanford University School of MedicineBassett Collection - Lane Medical Library - Stanford University School of Medicine
The thalamus has now been almost completely removed, the anterior and medial portion being all that remains. The subthalamic nucleus is left in place. Fibers of the ansa lenticularis (5) lie above this nucleus and pass laterally toward the ventral lateral nucleus (now removed) and ventral anterior nucleus (removed). The mass of fibers which forms the posterior stalk of the thalamus is visible in the lateral and posterior wall of the thalamic dissection. The fasciculus retroflexus is exposed farther ventrally toward the interpeduncular fossa ...
http://lane.stanford.edu/biomed-resources/bassett/bassettView.html?bn=23-3
Smaller amygdala is associated with anxiety in patients with panic disorder - Hayano - 2009 - Psychiatry and Clinical...Smaller amygdala is associated with anxiety in patients with panic disorder - Hayano - 2009 - Psychiatry and Clinical...
Our previous study found volume reduction of the amygdala when we estimated regional GM volume using optimized VBM for the PD patients.37 The present study showed volume reduction of amygdala in PD patients, confirmed on both manual tracing and optimized VBM with small-volume correction. Furthermore, smaller amygdala was associated with anxiety, suggesting that the amygdala, especially the corticomedial nuclear group, is a crucial area of the neurobiological pathway underlying PD.. The amygdala is a heterogeneous collection of nuclear groups located in the temporal lobe.38 A variety of different functions has been attributed to the amygdaloid complex, including memory, attention, interpretation of emotional significance of sensory stimuli, perception of body movements and generation of emotional aspects of dreams.39-41 The amygdala consists of anterior nucleus (AN), LA, BA, CE, ME, CO and ABA. Notably, LA, BA and CE are candidate nuclei related to PD pathophysiology.42,43 The LA and BA receive ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01960.x/full
Drilling Completions & Stimulation | Aegis Chemical Solutions
There are some product types that are the same or similar between Drilling/Completions and Stimulation groups as can be seen. There are also some product types that are unique to the group.. ...
http://www.aegischemical.com/drilling-completions-stimulation/
FCA warns against ADN UK Finance clone firmFCA warns against ADN UK Finance clone firm
The UK Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) has put out details of the cloned firm ADN UK Finance. Fraudsters are using the details of firms, authorised by
https://www.leaprate.com/financial-services/rules-and-regulation/fca-warns-adn-uk-finance-clone-firm/
Cursos y Congresos | Laboratorios BiolinksCursos y Congresos | Laboratorios Biolinks
Nuestros profesionales han sido expositores sobre Tecnología del ADN en diversos congresos, cursos y eventos nacionales e internacionales.
https://biolinksperu.com/quienes-somos/cursos-congresos/
limaconlimacon
Brazski 11 years ago. Hmmm, as the others have said, this account should be deleted adn given to smeone interesting, I mean come on, the only reason why half....or all....of the comments are here are because we were bored and looked up uid=69..haha sixty-nine!. ...
http://ah.roosterteeth.com/user/limacon
The Seizure and Cognitive Outcome of Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Patients with Intractable Epilepsy
The Seizure and Cognitive Outcome of Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Patients with Intractable Epilepsy, Yuguang Guan, Sichang Chen, Yao Zhang, Changqing Liu,
http://www.jneuropsychiatry.org/peer-review/the-seizure-and-cognitive-outcome-of-anterior-thalamic-nucleus-deep-brain-stimulation-for-patients-with-intractable-epilepsy-12085.html
VNS Therapy (Vagus Nerve Stimulation): Brain stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy.VNS Therapy (Vagus Nerve Stimulation): Brain stimulation for the treatment of epilepsy.
The treatment of patients with refractory epilepsy has always been challenging. Despite the availability of multiple antiepileptic medications and surgical procedures with which to resect seizure foci, there is a subset of epilepsy patients for whom little can be done. Currently available treatment options for these unfortunate patients include vagus nerve stimulation, the ketogenic diet, and electric stimulation, both direct and indirect, of brain nuclei thought to be involved in epileptogenesis. Studies of electrical stimulation of the brain in epilepsy treatment date back to the early 20th century, beginning with research on cerebellar stimulation. The number of potential targets has increased over the years to include the hippocampus, subthalamic nucleus, caudate nucleus, centromedian nucleus, and anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT). Recently the results of a large randomized controlled trial, the electrical Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of Thalamus for Epilepsy (SANTE) trial, were ...
http://vnstherapy-herb.blogspot.com/2012/03/brain-stimulation-for-treatment-of.html
Nucleus reuniens of the thalamus contains head direction cells -ORCANucleus reuniens of the thalamus contains head direction cells -ORCA
Discrete populations of brain cells signal heading direction, rather like a compass. These head direction cells are largely confined to a closely-connected network of sites. We describe, for the first time, a population of head direction cells in nucleus reuniens of the thalamus in the freely-moving rat. This novel subcortical head direction signal potentially modulates the hippocampal CA fields directly and, thus, informs spatial processing and memory. ...
https://orca.cf.ac.uk/62466/
MR imaging of compact white matter pathways<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - MR imaging of compact white matter pathways. AU - Curnes, J. T.. AU - Burger, P. C.. AU - Djang, W. T.. AU - Boyko, Orest. PY - 1988. Y1 - 1988. N2 - A prominent decreased signal intensity can be seen in many of the heavily myelinated, compact fiber pathways of the brain on T2-weighted spin-echo MR images (TR = 2500 msec, TE = 80 msec). These areas include the anterior commissure, internal capsule, optic tract and radiations, fornix, mammillothalamic tract, superior frontooccipital fasciculus, cingulum, corpus callosum, uncinate fasciculus, and superior longitudinal fasciculus. All these pathways could be identified in normal subjects 3 years old and older when 1.5-T axial and coronal images of 50 adults and 17 children were reviewed. Correlation of the in vivo and postmortem MR appearance of two human brains with Perls and Luxol fast blue stains indicates that the short T2 reflects heavy myelination and fiber density, not iron deposition. This is in contrast to the short T2 ...
https://indiana.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/mr-imaging-of-compact-white-matter-pathways
Medtronic DBS System for Epilepsy - A SAGES Technology and Value AssessmentMedtronic DBS System for Epilepsy - A SAGES Technology and Value Assessment
Medtronic Inc. received FDA approval for its DBS System for Epilepsy on April 27, 2018.. The Medtronic Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) System for Epilepsy is a device that delivers controlled electrical pulses to a location inside the brain which is involved in seizures. The system consists of a pulse generator (IPG) implanted under the skin of the upper chest, and two leads implanted in the brain. The system sends a constant stream of tiny electrical pulses through the leads to the electrodes in selected area of the brain; these impulses block seizures associated with epilepsy. The device helps reduce the frequency of seizures in patients who have frequent, disabling, partial-onset seizures, and have not responded well to antiepileptic medications.. The clinical trial SANTE (Stimulation of the Anterior Nucleus of the Thalamus for Epilepsy) demonstrated that patients with the device turned on experienced a 17 percent greater reduction in the average number of seizures per month as compared to the ...
https://www.sages.org/publications/tavac/medtronic-dbs-system-for-epilepsy/
More Good News for Deep Brain Stimulation in EpilepsyMore Good News for Deep Brain Stimulation in Epilepsy
New results show a 69% mean reduction in seizure frequency 5 years after stimulation of anterior nuclei in patients with refractory epilepsy.
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/775513
Parkinsons disease - OurMed
The symptoms of Parkinsons disease result from the loss of pigmented dopamine-secreting (dopaminergic) cells in the pars compacta region of the substantia nigra (literally black substance). These neurons project to the striatum and their loss leads to alterations in the activity of the neural circuits within the basal ganglia that regulate movement, in essence an inhibition of the direct pathway and excitation of the indirect pathway. The direct pathway facilitates movement and the indirect pathway inhibits movement, thus the loss of these cells leads to a hypokinetic movement disorder. The lack of dopamine results in increased inhibition of the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus, which sends excitatory projections to the motor cortex, thus leading to hypokinesia. There are four major dopamine pathways in the brain; the nigrostriatal pathway, referred to above, mediates movement and is the most conspicuously affected in early Parkinsons disease. The other pathways are the mesocortical, ...
http://ourmed.org/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease
Letteratura Scientifica 2007 | BollettinoginendoLetteratura Scientifica 2007 | Bollettinoginendo
Follicular development and ovulation are suppressed during lactation in various mammalian species, mainly due to the suppression of pulsatile GnRH/LH secretion. Metastin (kisspeptin-54), a KiSS-1 gene product, is an endogenous ligand for GPR54, a G-protein-coupled receptor, and suggested to play a critical role in regulating the gonadal axis. The present study therefore aims to determine whether metastin (kisspeptin-54)-GPR54 signaling in discrete brain areas is inhibited by the suckling stimulus that causes suppression of LH secretion in lactating rats. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that the KiSS-1 mRNA level was significantly lower in the arcuate nucleus (ARC)-median eminence region in lactating ovariectomized (OVX) and estrogen-treated OVX rats than in nonlactating controls. KiSS-1 mRNA in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus was kept at a low level in both lactating and nonlactating rats despite estrogen treatment. GPR54mRNAlevels were significantly lower in lactating than nonlactating ...
http://bollettinoginendo.it/2007/11/letteratura-scientifica-2007/
memory.doc
Lieberman, D. (2000) Learning: Behavior and Cognition. Belmont: Wadsworth. (pp. 367-384) Roberts, W.A (1998) Principles of Animal Cognition. Boston: McGraw-Hill. Chapter 3. Working Memory: Early Research and Contemporary Procedures and Findings. (1 copy on short loan at BK; 4 loan copies) Pearce J.M. (1997) Animal Learning and Cognition 2nd Edition. Hove: Psychology Press. Chapter 6 Part 2 Memory: Short-term Retention. (156.315 PEA in new section at Birkbeck. 1 normal and 1 Short Loan copy). Other References (Not normally required for Further Reading). Aggleton, J. P., & Brown, M. W. (1999). Episodic memory, amnesia and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(3), 425-489. Albright, T. D., Kandel, E. R., & Posner, M. I. (2000). Cognitive neuroscience. Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 10(5), 612-624. Alvarez, P, Zola-Morgan, S and Squire, L (1994) The animal-model of human amnesia - long-term-memory impaired and short-term-memory intact. Proceedings of the ...
http://s-f-walker.org.uk/2007intranet/9thwk/9thweek.htm
Entrepreneurs have a great sense of orientation · Martin Varsavsky | EnglishEntrepreneurs have a great sense of orientation · Martin Varsavsky | English
To orient ourselves, we mainly need two pieces of information: where am I and in which direction am I heading? Experiments in the rat have shown that these types of information are directly accessible and independently coded in the brain. When the rat explores a new territory, so-called place cells and head direction cells form within only a few minutes. Place cells are active when the rat visits a particular area, no matter which direction it is facing. In contrast, head direction cells code the direction the rat is heading, independent of where it is. Also humans presumably have these and other types of cells which specifically instruct its sense of orientation. Scientists around Mathias Franzius and Laurenz Wiskott from the Humboldt-University and Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Berlin (Germany) have now developed a theoretical model that can explain the emergence of all orientation-specific cells that are known in rats and primates to date.. Now my personal experience is that ...
http://english.martinvarsavsky.net/general/entrepreneurs-and-a-sense-of-orientation.html
hand prefix and suffix
Match Prefixes to Root Words #1. Affix is a word used to describe prefix and suffix. Then define the new word. mast(o)-of or pertaining to the breast. Dont include the dash (-) when you type in your answer and only type in the prefix/suffix - not the whole word. Modeling this approach with learners first, write the affix on the palm of the hand. Suffixes -ful and -less FREE . mammillothalamic. -ion The result or act of/ V-Adj/ protection Suffix 3. conception A general idea, : a complex product of abstract or reflective thinking, the sum of a persons ideas and beliefs concerning something 4. View PDF. The Prefix/Suffix Matching BAM! Suffix Change Up This is a really comprehensive worksheet. The meaning goes on the thumb and a word example is recorded on each finger. EUGENE M. MCCARTHY, PHD. Prefixes and suffixes are sets of letters that are added to the beginning or end of another word. 1. Review the meaning of prefixes and suffixes with the class. Print out a copy of the Prefix/Suffix Hand for each
https://www.musiccityseminars.com/fqz95/hand-prefix-and-suffix-ff7227
Toumaï montre les plans des orbites...Toumaï montre les plans des orbites...
The OP is inherently a less accurate plane to measure on account of the lack of precise landmarks. Zollikofer et al. (2005) and Brunet and Allemand (2005) did not provide details of how they measured the orientation of the OP, but judging from the illustrations it was obtained by drawing a vertical line in the middle of the orbit extending from the anterodorsal margin of the orbit to the antero-ventral edge of the orbit immediately beneath the former point. There are four main difficulties with this measurement, the first being that the left and right sides of the same skull may be different (in fact each orbit has its own OP). The second, and a more serious difficulty is that the upper and lower margins of the orbits are curved dorsoventrally (strongly) and mediolaterally (gently), and thus it is difficult to define precise points for consistent measurements between individuals or successive measurements in the same individual, and thus of obtaining reliable results for the orientation of the ...
http://tchadberceauhumanite.monsite-orange.fr/page-5a2c2c0a7287f.html
Curs Structura Adn (1) | Genome | Human GenomeCurs Structura Adn (1) | Genome | Human Genome
2) CULTIVAREA FORMEI R CU ARN DIN TULPINI S 3) CULTIVAREA TULPINII R CU CAPSULA MUCOPOLIZAHARIDICA DIN TULPINA S 4) CULTIVAREA TULPINII R CU ADN EXTRAS SI PURIFICAT DIN FORMELE S - AU APARUT COLONII VIRULENTE CARE INJECTATE LA SOARECI AU PROVOCAT MOARTEA ACESTORA 5) CULTIVAREA FORMELOR VII R CU ADN -S DISTRUS IN PREALABIL CU ENZIME- DN-AZA- SE OBTIN FORME R NECAPSULATE SI NEVIRULENTE CONCLUZIE: ADN ESTE SUPORTUL EREDITATII The Big Bang Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase (1952) DNA is genetic material. . Watson and Crick (1953) DNA is a double helix.. . INFORMATIA DETINUTA FIIND ACCESIBILA. ESTE SURSA DE VARIABILITATE MUTATIE.CARACTERE ADN . ARE CAPACITATE DE SINTEZA ( AUTOREPLICARE).IMPLICATIA IN EREDITATE ARE STRUCTURA SPECIFICA - SPECIFICITATE DE SPECIE PRIN ORDONAREA BAZELOR AZOTATE. INFORMATIA ADN POATE FI DECODIFICATA SI TRANSMISA ARN→ SINTEZA DE PROTEINE → CARACTERE (dogma centrală a geneticii moleculare). PRIN RECOMBINARE SI ARE O DISPUNERE LINIARA.. STRUCTURA ADN LOCALIZAREA CELULARA A ...
https://fr.scribd.com/presentation/40181712/Curs-Structura-Adn-1
Structured Data - v4.2 - Insertion Order | DV360 APIStructured Data - v4.2 - Insertion Order | DV360 API
List of audience lists to include in targeting. For first-party audience lists, each audience is listed as a pair of UserList ID and recency setting. A pair is (1;1d;), where 1d is a sample recency representing 1 day recency. Recency is not available for third-party audiences, so the list format is (3;);(4;);. To AND and OR groups of audiences, follow this example: To combine pairs with and without recency: ((1;1d;);(2;365d;));((3;);(4;5m;);(5;all;));. This means (list 1 with 1 day recency OR list 2 with 365day recency ) AND (list 3 without a specified recency OR list 4 with 5 minute recency OR list 5 with all users ...
https://developers-dot-devsite-v2-prod.appspot.com/display-video/api/structured-data-file/v4-2/InsertionOrder
This may sound silly, BUT what is the difference between ASN & ADN? | allnursesThis may sound silly, BUT what is the difference between ASN & ADN? | allnurses
this may sound silly, but what is the difference between asn & adn? :wink2: when i registered they didnt have the option of choosing adn. i am going to start some online classes for my
http://allnurses.com/registered-nurses-diploma/this-may-sound-251042.html
BSN vs ADN - pg.2 | allnursesBSN vs ADN - pg.2 | allnurses
Page 2 - No... I do not want to get into which one is better. I am in a BSN program, it was the best choice for me for a number of reasons and I am happy with that choice. I am simply curious why some
http://allnurses.com/registered-nurses-diploma/bsn-vs-adn-801151-page2.html
AndreaXi186 A very Strong adn Independent womanAndreaXi186 A very Strong adn Independent woman
I am still pursuing my dreams even though i have a daugther i want to make my dreams come true not for me but for her and my family
https://www.connectingsingles.com/user/andreaxi186
Plus itPlus it
Reply: We thank Duprez et al for their attention and valuable comments concerning our article Acute Korsakoff Syndrome Following Mammillothalamic Tract Infarction (1) and also for presentation of their advanced work in neuroradiology and neuromodulation (2, 3). Their excellent depictions of the mammillothalamic tract (MTT) and implanted neuromodulation electrodes with MR imaging allow us the opportunity to further discuss amnesia-initiating lesion(s) in our case.. Korsakoff syndrome is defined as a disproportionate impairment in memory, relative to other aspects of cognitive function, resulting from a nutritional (thiamine) depletion (4). In our case, however, the patient developed acute amnesia with features of Korsakoff syndrome that were not attributable to malnutrition but were the result of a left MTT infarction. MR imaging studies revealed acute ischemic damage of the left MTT assessed by diffusion-weighted imaging and a previous contralateral right MTT infarct on T2-weighted and ...
http://www.ajnr.org/content/26/1/195
Nucleus reuniens of the thalamus contains head direction cells | eLife - Shane OMara
Nucleus reuniens of the thalamus contains head direction cells | eLife. Maciej M Jankowski, Md Nurul Islam, Nicholas F Wright, Seralynne D Vann, Jonathan T Erichsen, John P Aggleton, Shane M OMara DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03075 Cite as eLife 2014;10.7554/eLife.03075 Abstract Discrete populations of brain cells signal heading direction, rather like a compass. These head direction cells…
https://shaneomara.com/2014/07/14/nucleus-reuniens-of-the-thalamus-contains-head-direction-cells-elife/
Download Seizures in Critical Care: A Guide to Diagnosis and by Marek A. Mirski MD, PhD (auth.), Panayiotis N. Varelas MD, PDF ...
48. Mirski MA, Ferrendelli JA. Selective metabolic activation of the mamillary bodies and their connections during ethosuximide-induced suppression of pentylenetetrazol seizures. Epilepsia 1985;51:194-203. 49. Mirski MA, Ferrendelli JA. Interruption of the mammillothalamic tracts prevents seizures in guinea pigs. Science 1984;226:72-74. 50. Mirski MA, Varelos P. Seizures in the ICU. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2001;13:163-175. 51. Kuijlen JM, Teernstra OP, Kessels AG, Herpers MJ, Beuls EA. Effectiveness of antiepileptic prophylaxis used with supratentorial craniotomies: a meta-analysis. Electroencephalography in brain edema (127 cases of brain tumour investigated by cranial computerized tomography). EEG Clin Electrophysiol 1979;46:239-255. 53. Williamson A, Patrylo PR, Lee S, Spencer DD. Physiology of human cortical neurons adjacent to cavernous malformations and tumors. Epilepsia 2003;44:1413-1419. 54. Beaumont A, Whittle IR. The pathogenesis of tumour associated epilepsy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) ...
http://realitat.com/index.php/pdf/seizures-in-critical-care-a-guide-to-diagnosis-and-therapeutics
Thalamic control of human attention driven by memory and learning. - Oxford Neuroscience
The role of the thalamus in high-level cognition-attention, working memory (WM), rule-based learning, and decision making-remains poorly understood, especially in comparison to that of cortical frontoparietal networks [1-3]. Studies of visual thalamus have revealed important roles for pulvinar and lateral geniculate nucleus in visuospatial perception and attention [4-10] and for mediodorsal thalamus in oculomotor control [11]. Ventrolateral thalamus contains subdivisions devoted to action control as part of a circuit involving the basal ganglia [12, 13] and motor, premotor, and prefrontal cortices [14], whereas anterior thalamus forms a memory network in connection with the hippocampus [15]. This connectivity profile suggests that ventrolateral and anterior thalamus may represent a nexus between mnemonic and control functions, such as action or attentional selection. Here, we characterize the role of thalamus in the interplay between memory and visual attention. We show that ventrolateral lesions impair
https://www.neuroscience.ox.ac.uk/publications/463161
Functional connectivity between the thalamus and postsubiculum: Analysis of evoked responses elicited by stimulation of the...Functional connectivity between the thalamus and postsubiculum: Analysis of evoked responses elicited by stimulation of the...
The laterodorsal nucleus (LDN) of the thalamus provides a prominent afferent projection to the postsubiculum (dorsal presubiculum). To characterize synaptic transmission in this pathway, we placed stimulating electrodes in the LDN and recorded fEPSPs elicited in the postsubiculum of urethane-anesthetized rats. LDN stimulation elicited a source-sink dipole between the deep and superficial layers of the postsubiculum, respectively, consistent with anatomical evidence for the termination of thalamic afferents in the superficial layers of the structure, and the existence of deep layer neurons with apical dendrites extending into these layers. Postsubicular fEPSPs were typically 0.5-1.0 mV in amplitude, with a peak latency of approximately 6 ms. Consistent with anatomical observations, the short onset latency of fEPSPs elicited by LDN stimulation, and their ability to follow a 60-Hz train of stimulation, indicate that the projection is monosynaptic. Paired-pulse stimulation revealed pronounced ...
https://www.stir.ac.uk/research/hub/publication/12017
Connectivity-based segmentation of the substantia nigra in human and its implications in Parkinsons disease. - Wellcome Centre...
The aims of this study were to i) identify substantia nigra subregions i.e. pars reticulata (SNr) and pars compacta (SNc), in human, and ii) to assess volumetric changes in these subregions in the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease. Current MR imaging techniques are unable to distinguish SNr and SNc. Segmentation of these regions may be clinically useful in Parkinsons disease (PD) as substantia nigra is invariably affected in PD. We acquired quantitative T1 as well as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from ten healthy subjects and ten PD patients. For each subject, the left and right SN were manually outlined on T1 images and then classified into two discrete regions based on the characteristics of their connectivity with the rest of the brain using an automated clustering method on the DTI data. We identified two regions in each subjects SN: an internal region that is likely to correspond with SNc because it was mainly connected with posterior striatum, pallidum, anterior thalamus, and prefrontal
https://www.win.ox.ac.uk/publications/241691
Connectivity-based segmentation of the substantia Nigra in human and its implications in Parkinsons disease. - Wellcome Centre...
The aim of this study was to i) identify substantia nigra subregions i.e. pars reticulata (SNr) and pars compacta (SNc), in human, and ii) to assess volumetric changes in these subregions in the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease. Current MR imaging techniques are unable to distinguish SNr and SNc. Segmentation of these regions may be clinically useful in Parkinsons disease (PD) as substantia nigra is invariably affected in PD. We acquired quantitative T1 as well as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data from ten healthy subjects and ten PD patients. For each subject, the left and right SN were manually outlined on T1 images and then classified into two discrete regions based on the characteristics of their connectivity with the rest of the brain using an automated clustering method on the DTI data. We identified two regions in each subjects SN: an internal region that is likely to correspond with SNc because it was mainly connected with posterior striatum, pallidum, anterior thalamus, and prefrontal
https://www.win.ox.ac.uk/publications/241940
A postmortem study of thalamic volume in schizophrenia - Department of Psychiatry
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.psych.ox.ac.uk/publications/98217
ZymoPURE Midiprep Kit - Kituri MIDI Prep - Plasmide Bacterii - ADN Plasmidic - Izolarea și Purificarea ADN - Izolarea și...ZymoPURE Midiprep Kit - Kituri MIDI Prep - Plasmide Bacterii - ADN Plasmidic - Izolarea și Purificarea ADN - Izolarea și...
Bio Zyme este o companie specializată în importul și distribuția de kituri, reactivi, echipamente și consumabile de laborator, utilizate în special în universități, în centrele și institutele de cercetare, în spitale sau cabinete private, în industria farmaceutică precum și în toate instituțiile în care există laboratoare de biologie celulară și moleculară, genetică, citogenetică, microbiologie, virusologie, biotehnologie, biochimie, imunohistochimie, anatomie patologică, precum și în laboratoarele ce utilizează tehnici de microscopie optică și electronică (TEM și SEM).
https://biozyme.ro/biologie-moleculara/izolarea-i-purificarea-acizilor-nucleici/izolarea-i-purificarea-adn/adn-plasmidic/plasmide-bacterii/kituri-midi-prep/zymopure-midiprep-kit.html
ADN SKISADN SKIS
Entreprise Française innovante agissant pour le développement durable en proposant des skis plus sains de composition et recyclables
http://adnskis.com/?lang=EN
Kirksey Funeral Home in Marion, NC with Reviews - YP.comKirksey Funeral Home in Marion, NC with Reviews - YP.com
Find 4 listings related to Kirksey Funeral Home in Marion on YP.com. See reviews, photos, directions, phone numbers and more for Kirksey Funeral Home locations in Marion, NC.
https://www.yellowpages.com/marion-nc/kirksey-funeral-home
Mammillary bodies | definition of Mammillary bodies by Medical dictionaryMammillary bodies | definition of Mammillary bodies by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Mammillary bodies in the Medical Dictionary? Mammillary bodies explanation free. What is Mammillary bodies? Meaning of Mammillary bodies medical term. What does Mammillary bodies mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mammillary+bodies
Electrosensory ampullary organs are derived from lateral line placodes in cartilaginous fishes | DevelopmentElectrosensory ampullary organs are derived from lateral line placodes in cartilaginous fishes | Development
We aimed to test the hypothesis that lateral line placodes form both ampullary organs and neuromasts in cartilaginous fishes, by performing in vivo fate-mapping in the little skate. We used the fluorescent lipophilic dye DiI to label focally the anterodorsal lateral line placode alone, or the anterodorsal plus anteroventral lateral line placodes, in L. erinacea embryos at stage 25 (n=18). These placodes were selected because they are the largest cranial lateral line placodes, hence the easiest to target, and they give rise to both ampullary organs and neuromasts in the axolotl (Northcutt et al., 1995) and paddlefish (Modrell et al., 2011a). The anterodorsal and anteroventral lateral line placodes can both be recognized in skate embryos morphologically as thickenings of ectoderm caudal to the eye and dorsal to the mandibular and hyoid arches, respectively (Fig. 1D), and molecularly, by expression of the gene encoding the transcription co-factor Eya4 (Fig. 1E), an established marker of the ...
http://dev.biologists.org/content/139/17/3142
In Vivo Demonstration of Homonymous Hemimacular Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells Due to a Thalamic Lesion Using Optical Coherence...
In Vivo Demonstration of Homonymous Hemimacular Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells Due to a Thalamic Lesion Using Optical Coherence Tomography
http://www.octnews.org/articles/4257620/in-vivo-demonstration-of-homonymous-hemimacular-lo/
The effect of the sympathetic nervous system upon susceptibility to acoustic trauma. - Semantic ScholarThe effect of the sympathetic nervous system upon susceptibility to acoustic trauma. - Semantic Scholar
This study was designed to determine whether the sympathetic nervous system exerts a protective or enhancing effect in acoustic overstimulation. The compound action potential of the cochlea (CAP) was recorded in guinea pigs while the cervical sympathetic nervous system (SNS) was electrically stimulated or after it was surgically eliminated. The stimulation or the elimination of the cervical SNS has no effect on the threshold of CAP. The threshold shift in CAP after acoustic overstimulation (110, 115, or 130 dB SPL for 10 min) was measured in the cervical SNS stimulation group, in the cervical SNS elimination group, and in the control group. When the animal was under insufficient sedation, there was no difference among these three groups. However, the CAP threshold shift was significantly smaller in the cervical SNS stimulation group than in the other two groups when the animals were sufficiently sedated. The cervical SNS stimulation had some protective effect on the susceptibility to acoustic trauma
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-effect-of-the-sympathetic-nervous-system-upon-Wada-Takahashi/53aebf31e8162542bc0814ca125688169d27cbd9
Post-Approval Studies (PAS)
The study did not meet the primary effectiveness outcome. The mean IDS-C 30-item change from baseline over weeks 10, 14, 18, and 22 (the Acute Phase) was not statistically different between the high dose and the low dose groups (Low vs. High stimulation group: P=0.8027) as well as between the medium dose and the low dose groups (Low vs. Medium stimulation group: P=0.8131).. Although on average the score for all 3 groups showed an improved score over time, this was not set as the primary study outcome and could be due to response to other treatments as well as natural course of the disorders or statistical regression to the mean, and perhaps to a placebo effect since the study was blinded to dosage but not to VNS Therapy implant. No statistically significant differences were noted between treatment groups for any of the effectiveness outcomes, in either of the study periods (Acure Phase or Long-term Phase ...
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMA/pma_pas.cfm?t_id=102621&c_id=207
Dartmouth Digital Library ProgramDartmouth Digital Library Program
Head Direction (HD) cells are neurons located primarily in the limbic system that fire as a function of directional heading in the horizontal, or yaw, plane in the freely moving animal. Our hypothesis is that the HD signal is the result of two ...
https://libarchive.dartmouth.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/rat
Dartmouth Digital Library ProgramDartmouth Digital Library Program
Head Direction (HD) cells are neurons located primarily in the limbic system that fire as a function of directional heading in the horizontal, or yaw, plane in the freely moving animal. Our hypothesis is that the HD signal is the result of two ...
http://libarchive.dartmouth.edu/cdm/search/searchterm/overlaid
Slowness and sparseness for unsupervised learning of spatial and object codes from naturalistic dataSlowness and sparseness for unsupervised learning of spatial and object codes from naturalistic data
This thesis introduces a hierarchical model for unsupervised learning from naturalistic video sequences. The model is based on the principles of slowness and sparseness. Different approaches and implementations for these principles are discussed. A variety of neuron classes in the hippocampal formation of rodents and primates codes for different aspects of space surrounding the animal, including place cells, head direction cells, spatial view cells and grid cells. In the main part of this thesis, video sequences from a virtual reality environment are used for training the hierarchical model. The behavior of most known hippocampal neuron types coding for space are reproduced by this model. The type of representations generated by the model is mostly determined by the movement statistics of the simulated animal. The model approach is not limited to spatial coding. An application of the model to invariant object recognition is described, where artificial clusters of spheres or rendered fish are ...
https://edoc.hu-berlin.de/handle/18452/16436
A behavioral perspective on the biophysics of the light-dependent magnetic compass: a link between directional and spatial...A behavioral perspective on the biophysics of the light-dependent magnetic compass: a link between directional and spatial...
In epigeic rodents, familiar landmarks exert primary control over a variety of spatial behaviors and related neural mechanisms (OKeefe and Nadel, 1978; Taube et al., 1990; Taube and Burton, 1995; Dudchenko et al., 1997; Sharp et al., 2001; Sharp, 2002). Nevertheless, a directional sense that is not linked to visual landmarks also appears to play a central role in many aspects of rodent spatial behavior and cognition (e.g. Knierim et al., 1995; Skinner et al., 2010; van der Meer et al., 2010). Species such as rats show a remarkable ability to place neural representations of different surroundings into register. When rats are transferred to an unfamiliar laboratory enclosure, directional properties of, for example, head direction cells and subicular place cells typically retain the same absolute alignment (Sharp and Green, 1994; Knierim et al., 1995; Taube and Burton, 1995; Dudchenko et al., 1997; Sharp, 1997; Sharp, 2002; Sharp et al., 2001), suggesting that these properties are transferred to ...
http://jeb.biologists.org/content/213/19/3247
A Brief Description of Currently Funded Research Grants 2015-2016A Brief Description of Currently Funded Research Grants 2015-2016
Montreal, QC. Introduction. An early symptom of Alzheimers disease is frequent disorientation in familiar settings, often resulting in patients getting lost on their routine commutes to work or home. What pathology in the brain causes this debilitating deficit in spatial cognition? Recent experiments have identified a neural circuit in the entorhinal cortex that is essential for spatial memory and navigation. This circuit contains three navigation-related neuronal types including `grid cells that track your movement through space (similar to a GPS), `head direction cells that act as the brains `internal compass, and `border cells that signal proximity to edges of the environment.. Objectives. We propose to test the hypothesis that a disruption of this entorhinal navigational circuit underlies the spatial memory and spatial cognition deficits reported in Alzheimers disease. The first objective is to identify whether the spatial firing patterns of neurons in this circuit undergo a ...
http://www.srcf.ca/research/funded-research/research-grants-2015-2016/a-brief-description-of-currently-funded-research-grants-2015-2016/
PROJECTSPROJECTS
The objective of this trial is to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of pallidal DBS in HD patients, and show superiority of DBS on motor function in the stimulation group compared to stimulation-off group and that DBS is a good alternative to medication therapy. For ethical reasons all patients (including the controls) will receive best contact stimulation after assessment of the primary endpoint for 3 months and a final follow up is planned 6 month after study inclusion. All patients will receive a bilateral stereotactic insertion of quadripolar electrodes (Medtronic Inc, 3387) into the Globus pallidus (GP) for chronic high-frequency stimulation with the upper two contacts reaching the external GP (GPe) and the lower two contacts placed in the internal GP (GPi). The implantation of the stimulator (ACTIVA®PC) will take place in the same procedure. This approach has been successfully used in previous studies of DBS in dystonia. ...
http://www.euro-hd.net/html/projects/dbs?eurohdsid=3284510feb66fa953175354f763cb7ee
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVSPesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a short-term neuromuscular electrical stimulation program on exercise tolerance in hospitalized patients with advanced heart failure who have suffered an acute decompensation and are under continuous intravenous inotropic support. DESIGN: A randomized controlled study. SUBJECTS: Initially, 195 patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure were recruited, but 70 were randomized. INTERVENTION: Patients were randomized into two groups: control group subject to the usual care ( n = 35); neuromuscular electrical stimulation group ( n = 35) received daily training sessions to both lower extremities for around two weeks. MAIN MEASURES: The baseline 6-minute walk test to determine functional capacity was performed 24 hours after hospital admission, and intravenous inotropic support dose was daily checked in all patients. The outcomes were measured in two weeks or at the discharge if the patients were sent back home earlier than two weeks. RESULTS: After ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=au:%22Santos,%20Vinicius%20B%22
Synonym ventral lateral thalamic nuclei - NeuroLex
Note: Neurolex imports many terms and their ids from existing community ontologies, e.g., the Gene Ontology. Neurolex, however, is a dynamic site and any content beyond the identifier should not be presumed to reflect the content or views of the source ontology. Users should consult with the authoritative source for each ontology for current information ...
http://neurolex.org/wiki/Special:SearchByProperty/Synonym/ventral-20lateral-20thalamic-20nuclei
Metastin ReceptorMetastin Receptor
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary information. genetically attenuated by the deletion of both and with tumor: liver organ ratios of 2,000:1, and colonization had not been detected in regular tissue 14 days post-injection16,17. Avirulent SL?ppGpp (?features seeing that a superb delivery automobile for ...
http://www.bioinf.org/index.php/category/metastin-receptor/
Application Delivery Networks ADN Market Globally 2017-22-F5 Networks, Radware, Array Networks and Citrix Systems IncApplication Delivery Networks ADN Market Globally 2017-22-F5 Networks, Radware, Array Networks and Citrix Systems Inc
Global Application Delivery Networks ADN Market was valued at USD XX(Bn/Mn) in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX(Bn/Mn) by 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2017 and 2022
https://journalismday.com/2017/11/global-application-delivery-networks-adn-market-2017-22/
How to Purify Plasmid DNA | ProtocolHow to Purify Plasmid DNA | Protocol
Purificación del plásmido es una técnica utilizada para aislar y purificar ADN de plásmido de ADN genómico, las proteínas, los ribosomas y la pared celular...
https://www.jove.com/science-education/5062/purificacin-del-plsmido?language=Spanish
YOUR DNA OUR INSPIRATION -GENOXAGE-SENSATIONS on VimeoYOUR DNA OUR INSPIRATION -GENOXAGE-SENSATIONS on Vimeo
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Brodmann area 23Brodmann area 23
... main thalamic projections from anterior nuclei. d23b, dorsal part of 23b, weak connections from the anterior nuclei. Brodmann ... H. Shibata, M. Yukie, "Differential thalamic connections of the posteroventral and dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus in the ... Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded dorsally by the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, rostrally by the ventral anterior ... Cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents", Journal of Comparative Neurology, 262(2):256-270. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodmann_area_23
Head direction cellHead direction cell
... the anterior dorsal and the lateral dorsal thalamic nuclei), lateral mammillary nucleus, dorsal tegmental nucleus and striatum ... Two years later, Taube found HD cells in the nearby anterior thalamic nuclei. Chen et al. found limited numbers of HD cells in ... Taube, J. S. (1995-01-01). "Head direction cells recorded in the anterior thalamic nuclei of freely moving rats". The Journal ... Taube, JS (January 1, 1995). "Head direction cells recorded in the anterior thalamic nuclei of freely moving rats". J. Neurosci ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Head_direction_cell
Papez circuitPapez circuit
Hypothalamic effects reach the cortex via a relay in the anterior thalamic nuclei." However, there has not been additional ... This may occur due to damage in the mammillary bodies, ventral anterior nucleus, and ventral lateral nucleus which has resulted ... Damage to the mammillothalamic tract, ventral anterior nucleus, and ventral lateral nucleus can result in memory and language ... anterior thalamic nucleus → cingulum → entorhinal cortex → hippocampal formation. A photograph of the inferior medial view of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papez_circuit
Korsakoff syndromeKorsakoff syndrome
These findings imply damage to anterior thalamic nuclei can result in disruptive memory. A number of factors may increase a ... Damage to the medial dorsal nucleus or anterior nuclei of the thalamus (limbic-specific nuclei) is also associated with this ... Additionally, autopsies of people who had KS have showed lesions in both the midline and anterior thalamus, and thalamic ... Severe damage to the medial dorsal nucleus inevitably results in memory deficit. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korsakoff_syndrome
Cingulate cortexCingulate cortex
The anterior cingulate cortex receives primarily its afferent axons from the intralaminar and midline thalamic nuclei (see ... The anterior cingulate cortex sends axons to the anterior nucleus and through the cingulum to other Broca's limbic areas. The ... The nucleus anterior receives mamillo-thalamic afferences. The mamillary neurons receive axons from the subiculum. The whole ... that the anterior cingulate gyrus has reciprocal connections with the rostral part of the thalamic posterior lateral nucleus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cingulate_cortex
Jessica BarsonJessica Barson
Barson, Jessica R.; Ho, Hui Tin; Leibowitz, Sarah F. (2015). "Anterior thalamic paraventricular nucleus is involved in ... Anterior thalamic paraventricular nucleus is involved in intermittent access ethanol drinking: Role of orexin receptor 2. ... Substance P in the anterior thalamic paraventricular nucleus: Role in ethanol drinking in relation to orexin from the ... Barson investigates neuropeptide signalling in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus as well as the nucleus accumbens to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jessica_Barson
PhonagnosiaPhonagnosia
The limbic system is made up of several brain structures including the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior thalamic nuclei, septum ... The MRI of KL showed bilateral anterior temporal lobe atrophy, with more damage on the right side and in the inferior temporal ... shows bilateral fronto-temporal atrophy mostly in the right anterior temporal lobe but extending back within the temporal lobe ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonagnosia
Mammillothalamic tractMammillothalamic tract
... the ventral tegmental nuclei, and the anterior thalamic nuclei. The mammillothalamic tract was first described by the French ... Some fibers pass through the dorsal nucleus to the angular nucleus of the thalamus. ("The term 'angular thalamic nucleus' ... Angular Thalamic Nucleus --> "What, Where and How Big is It?" BrainInfo. Accessed January 25, 2011. Kamali, Arash; Zhang, ... Aggleton, J. P; O'Mara, S. M; Vann, S. D; Wright, N. F; Tsanov, M; Erichsen, J. T (2010). "Hippocampal-anterior thalamic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammillothalamic_tract
Stria medullaris of thalamusStria medullaris of thalamus
... and anterior thalamic nuclei to the habenula. It forms a horizontal ridge on the medial surface of the thalamus, and is found ... It projects to the habenular nuclei, from anterior perforated substance and hypothalamus, to habenular trigone, to habenular ... It is a fiber bundle containing afferent fibers from the septal nuclei, lateral preoptico-hypothalamic region, ... commissure, to habenular nucleus. "Chapter 10: The Thalamus". www.dartmouth.edu. Archived from the original on 2008-11-22. v t ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stria_medullaris_of_thalamus
Retrosplenial cortexRetrosplenial cortex
... and with anterior thalamic nuclei and the hippocampus. Neurophysiological studies of retrosplenial cortex have mainly been done ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrosplenial_cortex
Pars reticulataPars reticulata
The nigral territory corresponds to the nucleus ventralis anterior (VA) (see also List of thalamic nuclei) (different from the ... The nigral neurons have their own territory distinct from the cerebellar and the pallidal in the nucleus ventralis anterior VA ... The pars reticulata is one of the two primary output nuclei of the basal ganglia system to the motor thalamus (the other output ... It receives axons from the subthalamic nucleus and a dopaminergic innervation from the dopaminergic ensemble. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pars_reticulata
ThalamusThalamus
... is functionally connected to the hippocampus as part of the extended hippocampal system at the thalamic anterior nuclei with ... Lateral group of the thalamic nuclei. Medial group of the thalamic nuclei. 5-HT7 receptor Krista and Tatiana Hogan - conjoined ... Thalamic nuclei have strong reciprocal connections with the cerebral cortex, forming thalamo-cortico-thalamic circuits that are ... The exposure to SHH leads to differentiation of thalamic neurons. SHH signaling from the MDO induces a posterior-to-anterior ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalamus
A General Theory of LoveA General Theory of Love
... anterior thalamic nuclei, and limbic cortex) is affected by those closest to us (limbic resonance) and synchronizes with them ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_General_Theory_of_Love
Thalamocortical radiationsThalamocortical radiations
... bilateral interruption or severing of the connection between thalamocortical radiations the medial and anterior thalamic nuclei ... Thalamic interneurons process sensory information and signal different regions of the thalamic nuclei. These nuclei extend to ... and somatosensory input in the ventral posterior nucleus of the thalamus. Thalamic nuclei project to cortical areas of distinct ... can be found only in principal sensory and motor relay nuclei, and in the pulvinar nuclei as well as the intralaminar nuclei. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalamocortical_radiations
James PapezJames Papez
... the anterior thalamic nuclei, and the interconnections among these structures constituted a harmonious mechanism which ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Papez
HippocampusHippocampus
Different thalamic nuclei, (from the anterior and midline groups), the medial septal nucleus, the supramammillary nucleus of ... Its projecting pathways include the medial septal nucleus and supramammillary nucleus. The dorsal hippocampus also has more ... the anterior olfactory nucleus, and to the primary olfactory cortex. There continues to be some interest in hippocampal ... and from the nucleus reuniens of the thalamus to field CA1. A very important projection comes from the medial septal nucleus, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippocampus
Minimally conscious stateMinimally conscious state
... targeted the anterior intralaminar nuclei of thalamus and adjacent paralaminar regions of thalamic association nuclei. Both ... This allowed maximum coverage of the thalamic bodies. A DBS stimulation was conducted such that the patient was exposed to ... activation of frontal cortical and basal ganglia systems that were innervated by neurons within the thalamic association nuclei ... "Clinicaltrials.gov". Laureys S, Owen AM, Schiff ND (August 2007). "Behavioural improvements with thalamic stimulation after ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimally_conscious_state
Deep brain stimulationDeep brain stimulation
... and for epilepsy treatment to the anterior thalamic nucleus.[citation needed] All three components are surgically implanted ... According to one long-term folluw-up study, DBS targeting the anterior nucleus of the thalamus may be somewhat more effective ... than the anterior nucleus of the thalamus have been studied for the treatment of epilepsy such as the centromedian nucleus of ... These are the globus pallidus internus, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus and the pedunculopontine nucleus. However, most DBS ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_brain_stimulation
Ventral pallidumVentral pallidum
It is an output nucleus whose fibres project to thalamic nuclei, such as the ventral anterior nucleus, the ventral lateral ... It acts in part as a relay nucleus from the nucleus accumbens to the medial dorsal nucleus. The nucleus accumbens projects to ... Along with the external globus pallidus, it is separated from other basal ganglia nuclei by the anterior commissure. The limbic ... The information is relayed to the medial dorsal and ventral anterior nuclei of the thalamus. The ventral pallidum doesn't ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_pallidum
Posterior cingulate cortexPosterior cingulate cortex
... the anterior and lateral thalamic nucleus, caudate nucleus, orbitofrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex). The posterior ... The anterior node of the DMN is formed, in part, by the highly connected PCC and Brodmann area 25. These two regions are ... Dense connections to the thalamus in the form of a continuous strip that crosses numerous pulvinar nuclei and the striatum. As ... They also found that greater damage to the cingulum bundle, that connects the PCC to the anterior DMN, was correlated with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posterior_cingulate_cortex
Anterior nuclei of thalamusAnterior nuclei of thalamus
These nuclei are considered to be association nuclei, one of the three broader subdivisions of thalamic nuclei. These nuclei ... The anterior nuclei of thalamus (or anterior nuclear group) are a collection of nuclei at the rostral end of the dorsal ... The anterior nuclei regulates what input is redistributed to the cortex. The connections of the anterior nuclei are similar to ... The anterior thalamic nuclei (ATN) are recently thought to be connected in pathways serving a spatial navigation role in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anterior_nuclei_of_thalamus
List of MeSH codes (A08)List of MeSH codes (A08)
... thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.080 - anterior thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.444 - ... midline thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.700 - posterior thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.900 ... intralaminar thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826.701.485 - lateral thalamic nuclei MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.826. ... anterior MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.063 - anterior hypothalamic nucleus MeSH A08.186.211.730.385.357.342.400 - ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(A08)
Ventral anterior nucleusVentral anterior nucleus
"Chapter 10 - Thalamic Organization". Review of clinical and functional neuroscience. Dartmouth Medical School. Retrieved 9 May ... The ventral anterior nucleus (VA) is a nucleus of the thalamus. It acts with the anterior part of the ventral lateral nucleus ... The ventral anterior nucleus receives neuronal inputs from the basal ganglia. Its main afferent fibres are from the globus ... The efferent fibres from this nucleus pass into the premotor cortex for initiation and planning of movement. It helps to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_anterior_nucleus
Ventral lateral nucleusVentral lateral nucleus
... nucleus in the thalamus forms the motor functional division in the thalamic nuclei along with the ventral anterior nucleus. The ... The ventral lateral nucleus (VL) is a nucleus in the ventral nuclear group of the thalamus. It receives neuronal inputs from ... Output from the ventral lateral nucleus then goes to the primary motor cortex. The function of the ventral lateral nucleus is ... Stained brain slice images which include the "ventral+lateral+nucleus+of+thalamus" at the BrainMaps project (Thalamus). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventral_lateral_nucleus
Trigeminal nerveTrigeminal nerve
Some pain-temperature fibers are sent to the medial dorsal thalamic nucleus (MD), which projects to the anterior cingulate ... Diffuse thalamic projections from the IL and other thalamic nuclei are responsible for a given level of consciousness, with the ... All sensory information is sent to specific nuclei in the thalamus. Thalamic nuclei, in turn, send information to specific ... This nucleus is analogous to the dorsal column nuclei (the gracile and cuneate nuclei) of the spinal cord, which contain a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trigeminal_nerve
Thalamic fasciculusThalamic fasciculus
... before they jointly enter the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus. Estomih Mtui; Gregory Gruener (2006). Clinical ... The thalamic fasciculus is a component of the subthalamus. It is synonymous with field H1 of Forel. Nerve fibres form a tract ... The thalamic fasciculus consists of fibers from the ansa lenticularis and from the lenticular fasciculus, coming from different ... Thalamic connections, All stub articles, Neuroscience stubs). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thalamic_fasciculus
Intralaminar thalamic nucleiIntralaminar thalamic nuclei
... anterior (rostral) group central medial nucleus paracentral nucleus central lateral nucleus posterior (caudal) intralaminar ... The intralaminar thalamic nuclei (ITN) are collections of neurons in the internal medullary lamina of the thalamus that are ... Diagram at University of Florida v t e (Articles with TA98 identifiers, Thalamic nuclei, All stub articles, Neuroanatomy stubs) ... Henderson JM, Carpenter K, Cartwright H, Halliday GM (July 2000). "Loss of thalamic intralaminar nuclei in progressive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intralaminar_thalamic_nuclei
List of thalamic nucleiList of thalamic nuclei
... anterior pulvinar nucleus lateral pulvinar nucleus medial pulvinar nucleus inferior pulvinar nucleus lateral posterior nucleus ... belongs to anterior group ventral nuclear group ventral anterior nucleus ventral lateral nucleus ventral intermediate nucleus ... Intralaminar nuclei) anterior (rostral) group paracentral nucleus central lateral nucleus central medial nucleus posterior ( ... Nuclear groups of the thalamus include: anterior nuclear group anteroventral nucleus anterodorsal nucleus anteromedial nucleus ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_thalamic_nuclei
Dentate nucleusDentate nucleus
Therefore, as a result of these various pathways, the neurons of the dentate nucleus are able to traverse all thalamic nuclei, ... It is located between the denate and fastigial nuclei. It receives afferent supply from the anterior (toward the front) lobe of ... Interposed: The globose and emboliform nuclei together make up the interposed nucleus. The interposed nucleus is the smallest ... which together are referred to as the interposed nucleus, and the fastigial nucleus. The dentate nucleus is responsible for the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dentate_nucleus
Primary motor cortexPrimary motor cortex
The primary motor cortex receives thalamic inputs from different thalamic nuclei. Among others: - Ventral lateral nucleus for ... Ventral anterior nucleus for basal ganglia afferents At least two modifications to the classical somatotopic ordering of body ... This overlap increases in more anterior regions of the primary motor cortex. One of the main goals in the history of work on ... This nucleus then projects to the muscles that control the whiskers. Precentral sulcus Central sulcus The motor tract. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_motor_cortex
Effects of meditationEffects of meditation
... thalamic nuclei, basal ganglia, and the cerebellum region in the brain. These parts of the brain are connected with attention ... As greater activation of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was shown for mindfulness meditators than matched controls ... Aftanas LI, Golocheikine SA (September 2001). "Human anterior and frontal midline theta and lower alpha reflect emotionally ... dorsal anterior cingulate, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices both when meditating and when not meditating.[103] Over time ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_on_meditation
TENM3TENM3
In E17 mouse, Ten-m3 mRNA is expressed in the parafascicular thalamic nucleus, a subregion of the thalamus, and in the striatum ... anterior somites and the limb buds. Between these stages, Ten-m3 and Ten-m4 are expressed in complementary patterns in the ... A weak nuclear localisation signal in the ICD of Ten-m3 facilitates the translocation of the ICD into the nucleus. TCAPs from ... Ten-m3 guides some of the axon projections from dorsal regions of the parafascicular nucleus (PF) of the thalamus to dorsal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TENM3
Temporal envelope and fine structureTemporal envelope and fine structure
I. The anterior auditory field (AAF)". Hearing Research. 21 (3): 227-41. doi:10.1016/0378-5955(86)90221-2. PMID 3013823. S2CID ... The bushy cells project to the medial superior olive and the globular cells project to the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body ... and/or a cortical network of thalamic excitation and cortical inhibition. There are many functionally significant and ... At the level of the cochlear nucleus, several cell types show an enhancement of ENVn information. Multipolar cells can show ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporal_envelope_and_fine_structure
Trisynaptic circuitTrisynaptic circuit
The thalamus is a bundle of nuclei located between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. Many of the thalamic nuclei receive ... Hippocampal theta has also been linked to the activation of the anterior medial and the anterior dorsal areas of the thalamus. ... The amygdala projects to various structures in the brain including the hypothalamus, the thalamic reticular nucleus, and more. ... The cingulate cortex is separated into an anterior and a posterior region, which corresponds to areas 24, 32, 33 (anterior) and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trisynaptic_circuit
Fields of ForelFields of Forel
Nucleus campi medialis: the nucleus of prerubral field (field H) Nucleus campi dorsalis: Neurons scattered along the thalamic ... These fibers are projections to the ventral anterior and ventral lateral thalamus from the basal ganglia (globus pallidus) and ... Nuclei campi perizonalis or the nuclei of the perizonal fields (of Forel) are a group of nuclei in the ventral thalamus and are ... These three regions are also named "H fields": Field H1, is the thalamic fasciculus, a horizontal white matter tract composed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fields_of_Forel
Intention tremorIntention tremor
In the case of an intention tremor, the thalamic nuclei is the region targeted for treatment. This form of treatment causes ... The alcohol abuse causes degeneration of the anterior vermis of the cerebellum. This leads to an inability to process fine ... Deep brain stimulation and surgical lesioning of the thalamic nuclei has been found to be an effective long-term treatment with ... "Long-term suppression of tremor by chronic stimulation of the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus". Lancet. 337 (8738): 403-6 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intention_tremor
Primate basal gangliaPrimate basal ganglia
The ventral anterior nucleus (VA) output targets the premotor cortex, the anterior cingulate cortex and the oculomotor cortex, ... There is no conspicuous nigro-thalamic bundle. Axons arrive medially to the pallidal afferences at the anterior and most medial ... the ventral anterior nucleus (VA) differentiated from the ventral lateral nucleus (VL) receiving pallidal afferences. The ... These tracts are collectively the pallidothalamic tracts and join before they enter the ventral anterior nucleus of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primate_basal_ganglia
Outline of the human brainOutline of the human brain
Central nucleus of the amygdala serves as the major output nucleus of the amygdala and participates in receiving and processing ... It is speculated to be located in the left anterior frontal lobe which is associated with solving novel problems vs. problems ... They have been studied with fMRI and exhibit thalamic and cortical activity. Abstraction a process by which concepts are ... Other areas include: amygdala, prefrontal cortex affect; amygdala and nucleus accumbens, (stimulus salience), nucleus accumbens ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_the_human_brain
Spinothalamic tractSpinothalamic tract
The anterior spinothalamic tract, (Latin: tractus spinothalamicus anterior) or ventral spinothalamic fasciculus situated in the ... The medial lemniscus is formed by the axons of the neurons of the gracilis and cuneatus nuclei of the medulla oblongata which ... Thalamic connections). ... anterior and lateral. The anterior spinothalamic tract carries ... The axons of the tract cells cross over (decussate) to the other side of the spinal cord via the anterior white commissure, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinothalamic_tract
Bilateral cingulotomyBilateral cingulotomy
... the anterior cingulate cortex shares afferent and efferent pathways with a number of thalamic nuclei as well as the posterior ... In particular, the role of the anterior cingulate cortex is in the interpretation of how a stimulus affects a person rather ... Upon analyzing the results of the study, it was concluded that the anterior cingulate cortex is indeed involved in the ... Davis, K. D.; Hutchison, W. D.; Lozano, A. M.; Tasker, R. R.; Dostrovsky, J. O. (2000). "Human anterior cingulate cortex ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilateral_cingulotomy
Pallidothalamic tractsPallidothalamic tracts
... primarily the ventral anterior nucleus and the ventral lateral nucleus. They are composed of the ansa lenticularis, the ... The thalamic fasciculus is formed by the fibers of the ansa lenticularis and the lenticular fasciculus that merge in the field ... The fibers of this fasciculus then travel to the thalamus and primarily terminate in the ventral anterior nucleus and ventral ... They connect with the fibers of the lenticular fasciculus in the field H of Forel to form the thalamic fasciculus. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallidothalamic_tracts
Multiple sclerosis signs and symptomsMultiple sclerosis signs and symptoms
Bittar RG, Hyam J, Nandi D, Wang S, Liu X, Joint C, Bain PG, Gregory R, Stein J, Aziz TZ (2005). "Thalamotomy versus thalamic ... On balance the evidence seems to favour an association with neuropathology in the left anterior temporal/parietal regions. ... is responsible for communication between the two eyes by connecting the abducens nucleus of one side to the oculomotor nucleus ... This kind of surgery can be both a thalamotomy or the implantation of a thalamic stimulator. Complications are frequent (30% in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_sclerosis_signs_and_symptoms
Index of anatomy articlesIndex of anatomy articles
... anterior thalamic nucleus ventral cochlear nucleus ventral corticospinal tract ventral horn cell ventral lateral nucleus of ... anterior nucleus of the thalamus anterior perforated substance anterior pituitary anterior root anterior spinal artery anterior ... notochord nuchal ligament nucleus nucleus accumbens nucleus ambiguus nucleus fastigius nucleus of Luys nucleus pulposus nucleus ... anterior cruciate ligament anterior ethmoidal foramen anterior ethmoidal nerve anterior funiculus anterior horn cells anterior ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_anatomy_articles
PsychosurgeryPsychosurgery
The aim of the operation is to disconnect the orbitofrontal cortex and thalamic nuclei by inducing a lesion in the anterior ... the operation disconnects the thalamic and posterior frontal regions and damages the anterior cingulate region. Anterior ... Success rates for anterior capsulotomy, anterior cingulotomy, subcaudate tractotomy, and limbic leucotomy in treating ... certain thalamic and hypothalamic nuclei, prefrontal and orbitofrontal cortex, and cingulate gyrus-all connected by fibre ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosurgery
Zona limitans intrathalamicaZona limitans intrathalamica
... cells to the mantle zone where the cells assemble into nuclei characteristic of the thalamus. These nuclei are the mechanism of ... More anterior regions of the brain were examined in search of other cell lineage restriction boundaries, and multiple potential ... After establishment of the ZLI, shh has been shown to induce expression of thalamic and prethalamic markers, gbx2 and dlx2/ ... Not only a boundary, the ZLI is also a compartment with separate cell lineage restriction boundaries both anterior and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zona_limitans_intrathalamica
StriatumStriatum
... and from there to the cortical supplementary motor area and another through the substantia nigra to the ventral anterior nuclei ... Activation of the iMSNs, however, causes a net inhibition of thalamic activity resulting in a negative cortical feedback loop ... The nucleus accumbens is made up of the nucleus accumbens core and the nucleus accumbens shell, which differ by neural ... The striatum is made up of the caudate nucleus and the lentiform nucleus. The lentiform nucleus is made up of the larger ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Striatum
Pain and pleasurePain and pleasure
Ondo, W.; Jankovic, J.; Schwartz, K.; Almaguer, M.; Simpson, R. K. (1998-10-01). "Unilateral thalamic deep brain stimulation ... Other brainstem sites, such as the parabrachial nucleus, the dorsal raphe, locus coeruleus, and the medullary reticular ... The prefrontal and limbic regions of the neocortex, particularly the orbitofrontal region of the prefrontal cortex, anterior ... Well known hedonic hotspots involved in the processing of pleasure include the nucleus accumbens, posterior ventral pallidum, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_and_pleasure
Synaptic pruningSynaptic pruning
... the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus. However, in terms of glial cells, adults had far larger estimates than those in newborns; ... Forward signaling between ephrin-A and EphA, along the anterior-posterior axis, has been found to inhibit retinal axon branch ... which differs greatly in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus. In a study conducted in 2007 by Oxford University, researchers ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_pruning
Visual systemVisual system
The pretectal area is seven unique nuclei. Anterior, posterior and medial pretectal nuclei inhibit pain (indirectly), aid in ... The optic radiations, one on each side of the brain, carry information from the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus to layer 4 ... The anterior visual pathway refers to structures involved in vision before the lateral geniculate nucleus. The posterior visual ... The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is a sensory relay nucleus in the thalamus of the brain. The LGN consists of six layers in ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visual_system
Biology of bipolar disorderBiology of bipolar disorder
... as well as grey matter reductions in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (BA24) and anterior cingulate cortex (BA32). One ... Elevated activity was reported in the parahippocampal gyrus, putamen, and pulvinar nuclei, while reduced activity was reported ... Reality distortion, disorganization, and psychomotor poverty have been linked to prefrontal, thalamic, and striatal regions in ... Strakowski, along with DelBello and Adler have put forward a model of "anterior limbic" dysfunction in bipolar disorder in a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology_of_bipolar_disorder
Insular cortexInsular cortex
The anterior insula receives a direct projection from the basal part of the ventral medial nucleus of the thalamus and a ... The insula also receives differential cortical and thalamic input along its length. The anterior insular cortex contains a ... the anterior insular cortex with the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 33) and the anterior and posterior mid- ... In contrast, the anterior insula projects to the anterior amygdaloid area as well as the medial, the cortical, the accessory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insular_cortex
Management of drug-resistant epilepsyManagement of drug-resistant epilepsy
Deep brain stimulation of the anterior nuclei of the thalamus is approved for DRE in some countries in Europe, but has been and ... "Long-term efficacy and safety of thalamic stimulation for drug-resistant partial epilepsy". Neurology. 84 (10): 1017-1025. doi: ... Fisch, Bruce (2011-11-01). "Anterior Temporal Lobectomy - How Safe Is It?". Epilepsy Currents. 11 (6): 186-188. doi:10.5698/ ... Fisch, Bruce (2011-11-01). "Anterior Temporal Lobectomy - How Safe Is It?". Epilepsy Currents. 11 (6): 186-188. doi:10.5698/ ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_drug-resistant_epilepsy
HVC (avian brain region)HVC (avian brain region)
It projects to the song motor pathway via the robust nucleus of the arcopallium (RA) and to the Anterior Forebrain Pathway via ... the basal ganglia nucleus Area X. It receives recurrent motor activity through the thalamic nucleus Uvaformis (Uva) and input ... It is located in the lateral caudal nidopallium and has projections to both the direct and the anterior forebrain pathways. It ... HVC (formerly, hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudalis (HVc), and high vocal center) is a nucleus in the brain of the songbirds ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HVC_(avian_brain_region)
Prefrontal cortexPrefrontal cortex
... the region of cortex that has stronger reciprocal connections with the mediodorsal nucleus than with any other thalamic nucleus ... who showed that this nucleus projects to anterior and ventral parts of the brain in nonprimates, however, Rose and Woolsey ... Projection area of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus?". Physiological Psychology. 7 (1): 1-6. doi:10.3758/bf03326611. Ferrier D ... More anterior regions along the rostro-caudal axis of frontal cortex support rule learning at higher levels of abstraction. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefrontal_cortex
Neural correlates of consciousnessNeural correlates of consciousness
Many nuclei with distinct chemical signatures in the thalamus, midbrain and pons must function for a subject to be in a ... Comparatively small (1 cm3 or less) bilateral lesions in the thalamic ILN completely knock out all awareness. Many actions in ... At this point, the sustained neural activity rapidly propagates to parietal, prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortical regions ... These nuclei therefore belong to the enabling factors for consciousness. Conversely it is likely that the specific content of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_correlates_of_consciousness
Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison using...
Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison using ... title = "Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison ... Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison using ... T1 - Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison ...
https://researchportal.northumbria.ac.uk/en/publications/dissociable-contributions-of-mediodorsal-and-anterior-thalamic-nu
Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy | Neurocirugía ...Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy | Neurocirugía ...
The anterior thalamic nucleus (ANT) serves as an important relay site for the limbic system by receiving input from the ... Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for difficult-to-control epilepsy ... July - August 2022 Neuromodulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus as a therapeutic option for... ... El núcleo talámico anterior (NA) sirve como un sitio de relevo importante para el sistema límbico al recibir aferencias desde ...
https://revistaneurocirugia.com/en-neuromodulation-anterior-thalamic-nucleus-as-articulo-S2529849621000113
The Seizure and Cognitive Outcome of Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Patients with Intractable Epilepsy |...
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (ANT-DBS) for ... The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (ANT-DBS) for ... The Seizure and Cognitive Outcome of Anterior Thalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation for Patients with Intractable Epilepsy. ...
https://www.jneuropsychiatry.org/abstract/the-seizure-and-cognitive-outcome-of-anterior-thalamic-nucleus-deep-brain-stimulation-for-patients-with-intractable-epil-12085.html
The Hippocampus and the Sense of Smell. A Review, by Alf BrodalThe Hippocampus and the Sense of Smell. A Review, by Alf Brodal
Fibres in the anterior thalamic nuclei project diffusely to the cortex, especially that of the cingular gyrus. The eventual ... and the anterior nucleus of the thalamus, septal nuclei, pre-optic region, medial habenula and anterior hypothalamus (Fig. 4). ... There are no olfactory correlates of anterior thalamic nucleus injury. And the cinguate gyrus seems more important for ... 1). Allegedly, connections exist between the two olfactory bulbs and both anterior olfactory nuclei through the anterior ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/727909
Brodmann area 23 - WikipediaBrodmann area 23 - Wikipedia
... main thalamic projections from anterior nuclei. d23b, dorsal part of 23b, weak connections from the anterior nuclei. Brodmann ... H. Shibata, M. Yukie, "Differential thalamic connections of the posteroventral and dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus in the ... Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded dorsally by the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, rostrally by the ventral anterior ... Cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents", Journal of Comparative Neurology, 262(2):256-270. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brodmann_area_23
Frontiers | Blind Visualization of Task-Related Networks From Visual Oddball Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Data: Spectral or...Frontiers | Blind Visualization of Task-Related Networks From Visual Oddball Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Data: Spectral or...
Anterior thalamic nuclei lesions and recovery of function: relevance to cognitive thalamus. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. (2015) 54: ... anterior thalamic radiation and inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus might pass [evaluated by a visual inspection of EEG-fMRI F ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.644874/full
Oakson G - Search Results - PubMedOakson G - Search Results - PubMed
Physiological characteristics of anterior thalamic nuclei, a group devoid of inputs from reticular thalamic nucleus. Paré D, ... The deafferented reticular thalamic nucleus generates spindle rhythmicity. Steriade M, Domich L, Oakson G, Deschênes M. ... Spontaneous and evoked activities of anterior thalamic neurons during waking and sleep states. Paré D, Bouhassira D, Oakson G, ... Thalamic and cortical spindles during early ontogenesis in kittens. Domich L, Oakson G, Deschênes M, Steriade M. Domich L, et ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Oakson+G&cauthor_id=3037038
2020 Thalamocortical Interactions Conference GRC2020 Thalamocortical Interactions Conference GRC
Specialized Frontal Cortical Control over the Anterior Thalamic Reticular Nucleus 9:20 pm - 9:25 pm. Discussion ... It is the hope of the organizers that meeting participants will form a critical mass to shape thalamic research in the next ... Development of Thalamic and Cortical Circuits Discussion Leader: Matthew Colonnese (The George Washington University, USA) ... Role of Thalamic Circuits in Cognitive Function Discussion Leader: Melanie Wilke (Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Germany) ...
https://www.grc.org/thalamocortical-interactions-conference/2020/
Tissue expression of SYT13 - Staining in thalamus - The Human Protein AtlasTissue expression of SYT13 - Staining in thalamus - The Human Protein Atlas
Anterior thalamic nucleus, ventral. nTPM: 0.0 2032. Female, age 42, unknown. 0.0. ... Ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 0.0 2197. Male, age 80, both hemispheres. 0.0. ... Ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 0.8 2202. Male, age 61, left hemisphere. 4.2. ... Centromedial thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 1.9 2401. Male, age 76, right hemisphere. 3.8. ...
http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000019505-SYT13/tissue/thalamus
Intracranial neuromodulation with deep brain stimulation and responsive neurostimulation in children with drug-resistant...Intracranial neuromodulation with deep brain stimulation and responsive neurostimulation in children with drug-resistant...
Centromedian thalamic nucleus with or without anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for epilepsy in children and ... Centromedian thalamic nucleus with or without anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation for epilepsy in children and ... Responsive neurostimulation targeting anterior thalamic nucleus in generalized epilepsy. Ann Clin Transl Neurol. 2019;6(10): ... Lim SN, Lee ST, Tsai YT, Chen IA, Tu PH, Chen JL, et al. Electrical stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus for ...
https://thejns.org/pediatrics/abstract/journals/j-neurosurg-pediatr/aop/article-10.3171-2021.8.PEDS21201/article-10.3171-2021.8.PEDS21201.xml
Issue 1
STEREOTACTIC LESION AND CHRONIC STIMULATION OF ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI FOR TREATMENT OF PHARMACORESISTANT EPILEPSY. Sitnikov A ... STEREOTACTIC LESION AND CHRONIC STIMULATION OF ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI FOR TREATMENT OF PHARMACORESISTANT EPILEPSY. Sitnikov A ... anterior thalamic nucleus, stereotactic lesion, deep brain stimulation, microelectrode recording ... this study was to compare the results of chronic stimulation and bilateral radiofrequency lesions of anterior thalamic nuclei ...
https://sgma.info/en/issues-contents-and-articles-abstracts-eng/2017/issue-1-year-2017.html
Tissue expression of ZFX - Staining in thalamus - The Human Protein AtlasTissue expression of ZFX - Staining in thalamus - The Human Protein Atlas
Anterior thalamic nucleus, ventral. nTPM: 7.4 2032. Female, age 42, unknown. 8.7. ... Medial dorsal thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 8.3 2572. Female, age 94, right hemisphere. 13.0. ... Ventral posterolateral thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 8.4 2578. Male, age 74, both hemispheres. 10.6. ... Ventral posteromedial thalamic nucleus. nTPM: 7.5 2281. Male, age 75, right hemisphere. 11.9. ...
http://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000005889-ZFX/tissue/thalamus
Journal of Neurosurgery | jns JournalsJournal of Neurosurgery | jns Journals
Clinical outcome of imaging-based programming for anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation ... set out to understand the importance of the proximity of deep brain stimulator contacts to the anterior thalamic nucleus- ... The anterior hippocampal, anterior longitudinal hippocampal, and posterior longitudinal hippocampal veins drain the hippocampal ... The endoscopic anterior transmaxillary temporal pole approach for mesial temporal lobe epilepsies: a feasibility study ...
https://thejns.org/abstract/journals/j-neurosurg/j-neurosurg-overview.xml
Effects of drinking on late-life brain and cognition | Evidence-Based Mental HealthEffects of drinking on late-life brain and cognition | Evidence-Based Mental Health
Degeneration of anterior thalamic nuclei differentiates alcoholics with amnesia. Brain 2000;123:141-54.doi:10.1093/brain/123.1. ... 19 Anterior thalamic nuclei may be affected in humans.. Several preclinical and postmortem studies have provided evidence of ... However, animal studies suggest that other hypothalamic nuclei, particularly the supraoptic and paraventricular, may also be ...
https://ebmh.bmj.com/content/21/1/12
Thalamic theta phase alignment predicts human memory formation and anterior thalamic cross-frequency coupling | eLifeThalamic theta phase alignment predicts human memory formation and anterior thalamic cross-frequency coupling | eLife
The anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) is thought to play an important role in a brain network involving the hippocampus and ... Previously we reported electrophysiological evidence for a role for the anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) in human memory ... Thalamic theta phase alignment predicts human memory formation and anterior thalamic cross-frequency coupling. ... Thalamic theta phase alignment predicts human memory formation and anterior thalamic cross-frequency coupling ...
https://elifesciences.org/articles/07578v1
Kilian M Pohls Profile | Stanford ProfilesKilian M Pohl's Profile | Stanford Profiles
A specialized, high-resolution acquisition protocol enabled parcellation of five thalamic nuclei: anterior [anterior ventral ( ... Functional connectivity between 7 thalamic structures [5 thalamic nuclei: anterior ventral (AV), mediodorsal (MD), pulvinar ( ... Multi-atlas thalamic nuclei segmentation on standard T1-weighed MRI with application to normal aging. Human brain mapping ... Sensitivity of ventrolateral posterior thalamic nucleus to back pain in alcoholism and CD4 nadir in HIV. Human brain mapping ...
https://profiles.stanford.edu/kilian-pohl?tab=bio
Search results for `Cameron McIntyre` - PhilPapersSearch results for `Cameron McIntyre` - PhilPapers
Responsive Neurostimulation Targeting the Anterior, Centromedian and Pulvinar Thalamic Nuclei and the Detection of ... Detections of electrographic seizures in thalamic nuclei did not appear to be affected by whether the patient was pediatric or ... Sole thalamic leads paralleled the combination of thalamic and cortical strip leads in terms of preventing the propagation of ... bilateral centromedian thalamic leads or a combination of one centromedian thalamic alongside a cortical strip lead also ...
https://philpapers.org/s/Cameron%20McIntyre
Frontiers | Interoception, contemplative practice, and healthFrontiers | Interoception, contemplative practice, and health
... specific thalamic nuclei, posterior and anterior insula as the limbic sensory cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) as ... Craig, A. D. (2009). How do you feel-now? The anterior insula and human awareness. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 10, 59-70. doi: 10.1038/ ... Commentary on: "Anterior insular cortex mediates bodily sensibility and social anxiety" by Terasawa et al. (2012). Soc. Cogn. ... Bush, G., Luu, P., and Posner, M. I. (2000). Cognitive and emotional influences in anterior cingulate cortex. Trends Cogn. Sci. ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00763/full
Code System Concept
Entire anterior thalamic nucleus Current Synonym true false 416258010 Anterior thalamic nucleus Current Synonym true false ... Entire nucleus of anterior nuclear group of thalamus (body structure). Code System Preferred Concept Name. Entire nucleus of ... Entire nucleus of anterior nuclear group of thalamus (body structure) {279124009 , SNOMED-CT } Parent/Child (Relationship Type) ... Entire nucleus of anterior nuclear group of thalamus Current Synonym true false ...
https://phinvads.cdc.gov/vads/ViewCodeSystemConcept.action?oid=2.16.840.1.113883.6.96&code=279124009
Neurology - Research output - Mayo Clinic
Experience and consensus on stimulation of the anterior nucleus of thalamus for epilepsy. Fasano, A., Eliashiv, D., Herman, S. ... Diagnostic Yield of Neck CT Angiography in Young Adults With Anterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke: A Community Based Study. ...
https://mayoclinic.pure.elsevier.com/en/organisations/neurology-2/publications/?type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontojournal%2Farticle&type=%2Fdk%2Fatira%2Fpure%2Fresearchoutput%2Fresearchoutputtypes%2Fcontributiontoperiodical%2Farticle&page=8
Search results - ORA - Oxford University Research ArchiveSearch results - ORA - Oxford University Research Archive
Thalamocortical interactions in cognition and disease: the mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei ...
https://www.ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/?f%5Bf_keyword%5D%5B%5D=hippocampus
Practice and Potential of Deep Brain Stimulation Medical Education on ReachMDPractice and Potential of Deep Brain Stimulation Medical Education on ReachMD
... but a major trial was launched and has just been finished targeting the anterior thalamic nucleus for medically intractable ... STN or subthalamic nucleus tends by far and way to be the most popular target for Parkinson disease and now in the past couple ... When we discuss nucleus accumbens, we are talking about reward systems, the desire to eat different from appetite itself. One ... The Brown and Cleveland Clinic group have looked at the area of sort of the subcaudate area or the anterior capsular area, also ...
https://reachmd.com/programs/medical-breakthroughs-from-penn-medicine/practice-and-potential-of-deep-brain-stimulation/3384/
Vitamin B Nutritional Disorders: Definition, Epidemiology, EtiologyVitamin B Nutritional Disorders: Definition, Epidemiology, Etiology
KS has been associated with more severe damage to the anterior thalamic nuclei, hypometabolism in the thalamus, and hippocampal ... Harding A, Halliday G, Caine D, Kril J. Degeneration of anterior thalamic nuclei differentiates alcoholics with amnesia. Brain ... Only patients with Korsakoff psychosis have neuronal loss in the anterior thalamic nuclei. [33] ... 35] In severe cases, other brainstem nuclei and anterior motor neurons in the spinal cord may be affected. ...
https://emedicine.staging.medscape.com/article/1743973-overview
Administration | Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics TübingenAdministration | Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen
Grodd, W.; Kumar, V.; Schüz, A.; Lindig, T.; Scheffler, K.: The Anterior and Medial Thalamic Nuclei and the Human Limbic System ... Kumar, V.; Beckmann, C.; Scheffler, K.; Grodd, W.: Relay and higher-order thalamic nuclei show an intertwined functional ...
https://www.kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de/publication-search/250564?person=%2Fpersons%2Fresource%2Fpersons192802
Publications - Systems Neuroscience and Behavior LabPublications - Systems Neuroscience and Behavior Lab
2016). Do the anterior and lateral thalamic nuclei make distinct contributions to spatial representation and memory? ... 2017). Post-training inactivation of the anterior thalamic nuclei impairs spatial performance on the radial arm maze. Frontiers ... 2009). Head direction cell instability in the anterior dorsal thalamus after lesions of the interpeduncular nucleus. Journal of ... 2012). Head direction cell activity in the anterodorsal thalamus requires intact supragenual nuclei. Journal of Neurophysiology ...
https://bclark-lab.com/publications/
Cunninghams textbook of anatomy - Daniel John Cunningham - Google LivresCunningham's textbook of anatomy - Daniel John Cunningham - Google Livres
The anterior nucleus (nucleus anterior thalami) is the smallest of the three thalamic nuclei. It forms the prominent anterior ... and the lateral thalamic nuclei-by a thin ous with the stratum zonale, termed the nucleus nucleus lateralis thalami) is b ed ... receives the name of the ventral nucleus. Its inferior part is composed of the central nucleus of Luys and the nucleus arcuatus ... The frontal stalk of the thalamic radiation emerges from the anterior part of the lateral surface of the thalamus and passes ...
https://books.google.co.ma/books?id=TdflAHpC8XkC&pg=PA613&focus=viewport&vq=aspect&dq=editions:STANFORD24501703216&hl=fr&output=html_text
Plus itPlus it
... ventral anterior thalamic nucleus; VL, ventrolateral thalamic nucleus; VM, ventromedial thalamic nucleus; VPM, ventral ... Anterodorsal thalamic nucleus; AM, anteromedial thalamic nucleus; AVDM, AVVL anteroventral thalamic nucleus dorsomedial and ... lateral posterior thalamic nucleus; MD, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus; MDG, MGV medial geniculate nucleus dorsal and ventral ... one input from the reticular thalamic nucleus (nRT), and one "extrareticular" input from the anterior pretectal nucleus (APT). ...
https://www.jneurosci.org/content/28/46/11848
ThalamusNeuronsPosteriorCaudateSubstantiaAmygdalaLesionsAccumbensCingulate cortexInferiorMidlineGlobus pallidusMidbrainSubcortical nucleiAfferentsDeep Brain StimuHigher order thalamic nucleiVentrolateralSTIMULATIONPulvinarCortexHippocampusProjectionsInputsMedial Thalamic NucleiDifferent thalamic nucleiFibersVestibularBasal nucleiSynapticCommissureEpilepsyMotor nucleiLentiformMedullaBrainInternal capsulePathwaysLimbicNuclearLateral geniculLeft anterior thalamicSeptal nucleiTemporal-lobeSensory nucleiDorsal nucleusFasciculusReticular nucleusCorpus
Thalamus64
  • The 2020 Thalamocortical GRC will serve as an important venue to nurture and draw attention to the role of the thalamus in cognitive realms, and help to disseminate novel ideas of thalamic function. (grc.org)
  • Synaptic targets of thalamic reticular nucleus terminals in the visual thalamus of the cat. (uchicago.edu)
  • It is divided into two areas by a faint oblique groove, which begins in front at the medial border, a short distance behind the anterior extremity of the thalamus, and extends laterally and backwards to the lateral part of the posterior extremity. (co.ma)
  • The lateral area, which includes the anterior extremity of the thalamus, forms a part of the floor of the lateral ventricle. (co.ma)
  • The anterior extremity of the thalamus, called the tuberculum anterius thalami, forms a marked bulging. (co.ma)
  • The foramen interventriculare, a narrow aperture of communication between the lateral and third ventricles of the brain, is bounded in front by the column of the fornix and behind by the anterior tubercle of the thalamus. (co.ma)
  • The gray matter of the thalamus is marked off into three very apparent parts -termed the anterior, the medial, and the lateral thalamic nuclei-by a thin vertical sheet of white matter, continuous with the stratum zonale, termed the lamina medullaris interna. (co.ma)
  • In the present study, we tested the functional consequences of combining active zones into one terminal, or keeping them separate, using these two GABAergic inputs converging in the same nucleus of the thalamus. (jneurosci.org)
  • The ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VL), as part of the 'motor thalamus', is main relay station of cerebellar and pallidal projections. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Schizophrenia is associated with volume and neuronal changes in the mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar, the major association nuclei of the thalamus, whereas total thalamic volume and the volumes of anterior and centromedian nuclei were not significantly altered. (semanticscholar.org)
  • A critical role for the anterior thalamus in directing attention to task-relevant stimuli. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Nucleus reuniens of the thalamus contains head direction cells. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The anterior thalamus provides a subcortical circuit supporting memory and spatial navigation. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • Differential regulation of synaptic plasticity of the hippocampal and the hypothalamic inputs to the anterior thalamus. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The lesions were in the anterior and superior part of the thalamus. (deepdyve.com)
  • Centromedian nucleus of the thalamus (CM) stimulation is more effective for patients with generalized epilepsy than focal epilepsy. (brainrecoveryproject.org)
  • Anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT) stimulation can control seizures that begin in the temporal lobe, and the effects are relatively long-lasting. (brainrecoveryproject.org)
  • Rats' processing of visual scenes: effects of lesions to fornix, anterior thalamus, mamillary nuclei or the retrohippocampal region. (ox.ac.uk)
  • As indicated earlier, the basal ganglia influence motor functions primarily by acting on motor neurons of the cerebral cortex via relay nuclei of the thalamus. (what-when-how.com)
  • It passes caudally towards the red nucleus and then turns rostrally to enter the thalamus. (what-when-how.com)
  • As the fibers approach the red nucleus, they also abruptly turn rostrally and enter the thalamus (Fig. 20-7). (what-when-how.com)
  • One pathway projects to the ventral anterior and ventrolateral nuclei of the thalamus, and its effects upon thalamic neurons are mediated by GABA. (what-when-how.com)
  • Objective ·To analyze the whole-brain inputs to the projection neurons in the lateral dorsal nucleus (LD) of thalamus innervating primary visual cortex (V1) in mice. (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • The late CNV mainly appeared to be associated with activations in the frontal cortex, dorsal ACC and thalamus and increased activity in midbrain dopaminergic nuclei (very likely corresponding to the substantia nigra). (neurofeedbackalliance.org)
  • The output of the basal ganglia is directed at the motor thalamus (and from there to the frontal cortex) and the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN). (pediagenosis.com)
  • The ansa lenticularis sweeps ventromedially around the internal capsule, joining the lenticular fasciculus to form the thalamic fasciculus, which, in turn, projects to different thalamic nuclei, especially the ventral anterior (VA), ventral lateral (VL), centromedian, and parafascicular intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. (pediagenosis.com)
  • We show that the mediodorsal thalamus (MDt) plays a material-general role in familiarity, while the anterior thalamus plays a material-general role in recollection. (omicsdi.org)
  • Material-specific regions were found for scene familiarity (ventral posteromedial and pulvinar thalamic nuclei) and face familiarity (left ventrolateral thalamus). (omicsdi.org)
  • The thalamus and thalamic subnuclei, striatum, and globus pallidus were segmented using a fully automated multiatlas approach. (mcgill.ca)
  • Now, another key thing to understand about the Thalamus is that it is not a single structure, but it is a name for a collection of nuclei, each of which is a "mini" relay station. (olavkrigolson.com)
  • For example, incoming visual information from the eyes goes through the Pulvinar nucleus of the Thalamus to the Primary Visual Cortex. (olavkrigolson.com)
  • The thalamus is composed of many nuclei having sensory, motor, and limbic connections. (bodytomy.com)
  • The input from the retina of the eyes which is relayed to the brain through the optic nerve is received by the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus. (bodytomy.com)
  • The medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus relays information between the inferior colliculus of the mid-brain and the primary auditory cortex. (bodytomy.com)
  • The ventral posterior nucleus in the thalamus is an important somatosensory relay that is responsible for transmitting information relating to touch and proprioception to the primary somatosensory cortex. (bodytomy.com)
  • The ventral posteromedial nucleus in the thalamus conveys facial sensory information. (bodytomy.com)
  • In the laboratory, in particular, we concentrate on the intralaminar and midline thalamus (IL/MDLs), associative higher-order nuclei controlling emotional and attentional states and wake/sleep transitions, and on the epithalamic Medial Habenula (MHb), which controls aversion. (sppin.fr)
  • The thalamus and the epithalamus are key hubs for the transfer of information between the anterior and the posterior brain. (sppin.fr)
  • The thalamus has a thin 'skin,' the reticular nuclei , whose function is to help focus our attention , allowing only 'unusual' activity to pass through gates (Halassa et al. (endurance-education.com)
  • And around the tangerine is a skin, like the envelope that the reticular nuclei make around the dorsal thalamus. (endurance-education.com)
  • and] the ventral posterolateral and ventral posteromedial nuclei of the thalamus were highly connected with right posterior insula . (endurance-education.com)
  • In addition, metabolic activity was increased in the dorsolateral and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, as well as in the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. (jneurosci.org)
  • Multiple HRP infusions which filled an entire hemi‐thalamus labeled large numbers of cells within the spinal extensions of the dorsal column nuclei, the lateral cervical nucleus, the ventral horns and IGZ bilaterally within C1 and C2, and the nucleus proprius and IGZ at all levels. (umn.edu)
  • Using whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to compare the patients with the normal controls, we observed significantly decreased gray matter (GM) density in the thalamus and 3 frontal gyri and significantly reduced white matter (WM) fractional anisotropy (FA) in the bilateral anterior corona radiata of the patients. (elsevier.com)
  • fMRI data were processed with fMRI of the Brain Software Library tools by using the dorsal midbrain tegmentum, thalamus, caudate nucleus, putamen, and pallidum as seed regions. (ox.ac.uk)
  • RESULTS: Patients had lower functional connectivity than healthy subjects in all 5 resting-state networks, mainly involving the basal ganglia, thalamus, anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal and temporo-occipital cortices, supramarginal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and cerebellum. (ox.ac.uk)
  • In an earlier dissection the medial lemniscus, one of the principal ascending somatic sensory tracts of the brain stem, was traced into the ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus. (stanford.edu)
  • Controls all of our thalamus, and subthalamic nucleus. (studyslide.com)
  • An RSN is identified in the basal ganglia and thalamus, comprising the pallidum, putamen, subthalamic nucleus and substantia nigra, with a projection also to the supplementary motor area. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As the number of apomorphine administrations increased from one to four, both the clinical response and the neuronal activity in the ventral anterior and anterior ventrolateral thalamus increased. (fondazionegiancarloquarta.it)
  • Regarding to dynamic topological analysis, disruptions in global graph-theoretical properties (including network efficiency and small-worldness) were observed in patients, coupled with decreased variability in nodal efficiency of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in salience network (SN) and thalamus, caudate in subcortical network (SC). (researchsquare.com)
  • An automated anatomical parcellation of the spatially normalized single-subject high-resolution T1 volume provided by the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) and an alternative parcellation of the orbitofrontal cortex (AAL2), the anterior cingulate, the thalamus, with the addition of some brain nuclei (AAL3). (cnrs.fr)
  • Second order neurons beginning from the nuclei relay the info towards the thalamus and their axons cross over towards the medulla " this is called decussation. (newszou.com)
  • The thalamic neurons travel in excess to the somatosensory cortex where the axons type a synapse with the main somatosensory cortex and sensory information can be sent to the cortex via the thalamus. (newszou.com)
  • The thalamic fasciculus consists of fibers from the ansa lenticularis and from the lenticular fasciculus , coming from different portions of the medial globus pallidus , before they jointly enter the ventral anterior nucleus of the thalamus . (cloudfront.net)
  • Substantia grisea cen tralis) and to the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus (Nucleus Table 13. (asepage.org)
  • amongst them are mainly the intralaminar and medial nuclei of the thalamus, but additionally the periaqueductal gray (Tractus spinomesencephalicus). (asepage.org)
  • The central axons of the 1st neuron finish within the Cornu posterius (Lamina I) and are conducted after conversion and the crossing of fibres in the Commissura anterior within the anterolateral bundle as the Tractus spinothalamicus lateralis to the thalamus, in particular to the Nucleus ventralis posterolateralis and the Nucleus ventralis posterior inferior. (asepage.org)
  • Ending right here firstly are fast A fibres, whereas slower C fibres are configured synaptically with the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. (asepage.org)
  • The basal nuclei is a collection of subcortical gray matter surrounding the thalamus deep within the brain. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • The internal pallidum forms one of two major basal nuclei output structures and projects mainly to the thalamus (intralaminar, ventral anterior, and medial dorsal relay nuclei). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Huang LW , Simonnet J , Nassar M , Richevaux L , Lofredi R, Fricker D . Laminar Localization and Projection-Specific Properties of Presubicular Neurons Targeting the Lateral Mammillary Nucleus, Thalamus, or Medial Entorhinal Cortex. (neurotree.org)
  • The tract neurons synapsing in the reticular formation form complex connections within this region and subsequently project to brain stem nuclei, the hypothalamus, and the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • These latter nuclei are part of the medial nuclear group of the thalamus. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Neurons26
  • Cortically elicited spike-wave after discharges in thalamic neurons. (nih.gov)
  • Mapping of the functional interconnections between thalamic reticular neurons using photostimulation. (uchicago.edu)
  • Functional synaptic contacts by intranuclear axon collaterals of thalamic relay neurons. (uchicago.edu)
  • Glutamate inhibits thalamic reticular neurons. (uchicago.edu)
  • Although there was a trend for INAH3 to occupy a smaller volume in homosexual men than in heterosexual men, there was no difference in the number of neurons within the nucleus based on sexual orientation. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Whole-brain inputs mapping to the projection neurons in laterodorsal thalamic nucleus innervating primary visual cortex in mice[J]. JOURNAL OF SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCIENCE), 2021, 41(6): 701-709. (shsmu.edu.cn)
  • Anatomically, the basal ganglia constitute a complex circuitry that includes neurons of the caudate nucleus, putamen, subthalamic nucleus (STN) globus pallidus, and substantia nigra (SN). (pediagenosis.com)
  • The motor pathway descends from forebrain nucleus HVC, which projects to nucleus RA, which then projects to brainstem motor and premotor neurons controlling muscles of the vocal organ, the syrinx, and those of respiration. (washington.edu)
  • Here, nuclei are indeed mostly composed of relay neurons that receive the incoming information and retransmit it without forming local collaterals. (sppin.fr)
  • Neuropeptide S promotes wakefulness through the inhibition of sleep-promoting ventrolateral preoptic nucleus neurons. (sppin.fr)
  • In the neocortex, sensorimotor regions contain the most labeled neurons, but we find higher densities in associative areas, including orbital, anterior cingulate, prelimbic, and infralimbic cortex. (elsevier.com)
  • Interestingly, it appeared that STT neurons located within the ventral dorsal horn and IGZ, which appeared to respond to stimuli delivered to subcutaneous tissue, tended to be activated only from midline thalamic structures. (umn.edu)
  • In contrast, STT neurons within nucleus proprius and the marginal zone, which responded to noxious and innocuous cutaneous stimuli, were activated from lateral thalamic structures. (umn.edu)
  • For example, in Parkinson's disease, a placebo treatment induces a release of dopamine in the striatum and changes the activity of neurons in both thalamic and subthalamic nuclei. (fondazionegiancarloquarta.it)
  • The great majorities of the Purkinje cell axons pass to and synapse with the neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei. (online-sciences.com)
  • We further analyzed in detail, the loss of cholinergic neurons, and the presence of FJB- and HSP-70 positive neurons in basal forebrain cholinergic areas, i.e. the medial septal nucleus (MSN, Ch1), the diagonal band of Broca (DBB, Ch2 and Ch3) and the Nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM, Ch4). (unipi.it)
  • The basal ganglia are a group of subcortical nuclei, meaning groups of neurons that lie below the cerebral cortex. (actionmortgage.com)
  • The dendritic branches of medium spiny neurons are packed with small spines receiving thousands of synaptic inputs from the neocortex, thalamic intralaminar nuclei, amygdala, and hippocampus, with up to 20,000 inputs per medium spiny neuron (Houk, 2007). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Based on axonal projections, medium spiny neurons are of two types - striatonigral neurons, projecting directly to the basal nuclei output structures (internal pallidum and pars reticulata) and striatopallidal neurons, projecting to the external pallidum (Kreitzer and Malenka, 2008). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • The subthalamic nucleus is a compact homogenous group of neurons with sparsely spiny dendrites (Rafols and Fox, 1976). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Microelectrode recordings were analyzed selectively from the subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra pars reticulata and from the globus pallidus by the WaveClus program which allowed for detection and sorting of individual neurons. (plos.org)
  • Out of 183 neurons that were detected, 130 were found in the subthalamic nucleus, 30 in the substantia nigra and 23 in the globus pallidus. (plos.org)
  • Nassar M , Simonnet J , Huang LW , Mathon B, Cohen I , Bendels MHK, Beraneck M , Miles R , Fricker D . Anterior thalamic excitation and feed-forward inhibition of presubicular neurons projecting to medial entorhinal cortex. (neurotree.org)
  • The Dopaminergic Neurons Controlling Anterior Pituitary Functions: Anatomy and Ontogenesis in Zebrafish. (cnrs.fr)
  • Transcriptional Profiling of Primate Central Nucleus of the Amygdala Neurons to Understand the Molecular Underpinnings of Early-Life Anxious Temperament. (neurotree.org)
  • The roof of the rostral fourth ventricle undergoes intense cellular proliferation, and this lip produces the neurons and glia that will populate both the cerebellum and the inferior olivary nucleus . (mhmedical.com)
Posterior30
  • Cytoarchitecturally it is bounded dorsally by the dorsal posterior cingulate area 31, rostrally by the ventral anterior cingulate area 24, and ventrorostrally in its caudal half by the retrosplenial region (Brodmann-1909). (wikipedia.org)
  • Many fibres from the olfactory epithelium terminate in the anterior olfactory nucleus, which lies posterior within the olfactory bulb, and pass from there (with others that do not relay in the anterior olfactory nucleus) to the piriform lobe cortex (Fig. 1). (medscape.com)
  • Mapping by laser photostimulation of connections between the thalamic reticular and ventral posterior lateral nuclei in the rat. (uchicago.edu)
  • Here, we contrasted the properties of two independent GABAergic pathways in the posterior thalamic nucleus of rat, one input from the reticular thalamic nucleus (nRT), and one "extrareticular" input from the anterior pretectal nucleus (APT). (jneurosci.org)
  • Relay cells of the posterior thalamic nucleus (Po) receive dual GABAergic afferents. (jneurosci.org)
  • It comprises anterior (VLa) and posterior (VLpd and VLpv) subnuclei. (uni-koeln.de)
  • Both procedures led to high congruent results of cerebellar and pallidal connectivity distributions: the maximum of pallidal projections was located in anterior and medial parts of the VL nucleus, whereas cerebellar connectivity was more located in lateral and posterior parts. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The origin of projections from the posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortices to the anterior, medial dorsal and laterodorsal thalamic nuclei of macaque monkeys. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The generation of CNV relies on the activity of a thalamo-cortical-striatal circuit encompassing the prefrontal cortex, primary and supplementary motor areas, posterior parietal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and thalamic nuclei. (neurofeedbackalliance.org)
  • The loss of filtering ability due to strokes which include the ventral posterior lateral thalamic nuclei (VPL) and results in flooding of sensory gates (Staines et al. (endurance-education.com)
  • The reticular thalamic nuclei doorways allow some of the ''noisy'' afferents to bring interoceptive information to the posterior insula. (endurance-education.com)
  • Anterograde tracing of ascending paths encompasses most thalamic nuclei, especially ventral posteromedial, lateral posterior, mediodorsal, and reticular nuclei. (elsevier.com)
  • Posterior cerebral artery (PCA) stroke is less common than stroke involving the anterior circulation . (medscape.com)
  • Injections into posterior medial thalamic structures produced bilateral labeling in the ventral horns and IGZ in upper cervical segments. (umn.edu)
  • With the exception of the ventral horn cells of C1 and C2 where a marked reduction in labeling occurred, more anterior medial thalamic injections produced labeling within the identical areas of the gray matter and in numbers comparable to those produced by more posterior medial thalamic injections. (umn.edu)
  • Broken ends of fibers of this portion of the thalamic radiation (13) are visible projecting from the internal capsule in the region of the ventral posterior lateral nucleus. (stanford.edu)
  • Body: connects between the posterior part of the frontal lobe and the anterior part of the parietal lobe on both sides. (online-sciences.com)
  • Posterior thalamic radiation including optic radiation. (online-sciences.com)
  • The internal capsule, both anterior and posterior limbs, is supplied primarily by the lateral striate branches of the middle cerebral artery. (online-sciences.com)
  • The coronal section line corresponding to anterior-posterior coordinate 0 is labeled Bregma. (scholarpedia.org)
  • It presents an anterior notch occupied by the brainstem and a posterior notch occupied by flax cerebelli, It is the largest part of the hindbrain, It is roughly spherical in shape, but its greatest diameter is transverse. (online-sciences.com)
  • The primary fissure separates the anterior lobe from the posterior lobe. (online-sciences.com)
  • The term corpus cerebelli (body) includes the anterior and posterior lobes. (online-sciences.com)
  • Basic components of posterior schema of brainstem reticular nuclei of posterior fossa. (babybminephotography.com)
  • Brooks VB, as well as to Drs. Bilateral temporal lobe is planned to assume that shifted visual and plays a set of this patient population than in both anterior circulation ischemia in mouse: posterior schema of brainstem. (babybminephotography.com)
  • The ventral view of the romberg sign of posterior temporal lobes, some clinical information between reticular nuclei affected in an introduction to the. (babybminephotography.com)
  • The anterior choroidal artery (AChA) is a small, thin artery that commonly originates 2-5 mm distal to the posterior communicating artery [ 1 , 2 ]. (medsci.org)
  • The supranulcear vertical gaze limitation in this syndrome results from involvement of the posterior commissure, interstitial nucleus of Cajal, or rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus. (eyerounds.org)
  • Blissful state was accompanied by an increase in anterior frontal and midline theta synchronization as well as an enhanced theta long-distant connectivity between prefrontal and posterior cortex with distinct 'center of gravity' in the left prefrontal region (AF3 site). (vedictimes.org)
  • The anterior cingulate cortex is indirectly and directly connected with many other areas including the posterior cingulate cortex, amygdala (which functions in the memory aspects of painful experiences), insular cortex (which functions in the autonomic component of the entire painful episode), parietal cortex, and prefrontal cortex. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Caudate16
  • Striatal dysfunction, mainly of the caudate nucleus, leads to inefficient thalamic gating, resulting in hyperactivity within the orbitofrontal cortex (intrusive thoughts) and the anterior cingulate cortex (non-specific anxiety). (nih.gov)
  • The initial CNV was localized mainly in motor and premotor cortical areas and the caudate nucleus. (neurofeedbackalliance.org)
  • The caudate nucleus resembles an elongated and curved exclamation mark. (pediagenosis.com)
  • The caudate nucleus is separated from the lentiform nucleus by the anterior limb of the internal capsule, but the separation is incomplete because the head of the caudate nucleus and the putamen are connected, especially anteroinferiorly, by bands of gray matter traversing the white matter of the anterior limb. (pediagenosis.com)
  • These integrated the medial P central P . and dorsolateral caudate putamen P anterior paraventricular LY2484595 kinase inhibitor thalamic nucleus P central amygdala P posteroventral medial amygdala P plus the ventrolateral periaqueductal grey P Fig. demonstrates two within the regions with elevated c Fos expression following MDMA that was not affected by WAY pretreatment. (pcna-signal.com)
  • Our investigations revealed the involvement of the pulvinar, the superior colliculi, the head of caudate nuclei, and a cluster of brainstem nuclei relevant for both networks. (researchsquare.com)
  • The structures generally included in the basal ganglia are the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus in the cerebrum, the substantia nigra in the midbrain, and the subthalamic nucleus in the diencephalon. (riktr.com)
  • The striatum is represented by the caudate nucleus (CN) and putamen (P) which inhibit the globus pallidus (GP) to disinhibit thalamo-cortical drive. (contribucions.org)
  • An urgent contrast tomography brain was done which showed hypodense areas involving bilateral cerebellum, right temporal, caudate nucleus, basal ganglia, and thalamic area with a ring-like lesion on the left parietal area. (tropicalparasitology.org)
  • Why do we have a caudate nucleus? (babybminephotography.com)
  • With the caudate nucleus, it forms the dorsal striatum. (actionmortgage.com)
  • basal nuclei ( nuclei basales) specific interconnected subcortical masses of gray matter embedded in each cerebral hemisphere and in the upper brainstem, comprising the corpus striatum (caudate and lentiform nuclei), amygdaloid body, claustrum, and external, extreme, and internal capsules. (actionmortgage.com)
  • The striatum consists of the caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • The striatum (purple) consists of the caudate nucleus (smaller top structures), putamen (larger lateral structures), and nucleus accumbens (not shown). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Brain magnetic resonance images revealed acute ischemic stroke involving the right cingulate gyrus, genu and anterior body of corpus callosum and an old infarction on left caudate nucleus was seen ( Figure 1 ). (e-jmd.org)
  • Atrophy of caudate nucleus was not seen. (e-jmd.org)
Substantia4
  • Divided by the internal medullary lamina into an external (GPe) and internal (GPi) segments, the globus pallidus borders laterally with the putamen, dorsomedially with the internal capsule and optic tract and ventrally with the substantia innominata, which, in turn, contains three major functional anatomic systems: the ventral striatopallidal system, the extended amygdala, and the nucleus basalis of Meynert. (pediagenosis.com)
  • The basal ganglia is composed of four nuclei in total, the substantia nigra being the largest of the collection. (actionmortgage.com)
  • The subcortical basal ganglia nuclei receive information from the cortex and send output to the thalamusMotor control through the basal ganglia occurs through both the direct and indirect pathwaysDisinhibition is when an inhibitory region is itself inhibitedMore items substantia innominata, basal nucleus of meynert, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle. (actionmortgage.com)
  • Based on their macroscopic appearance (Groenewegen, 2003), the four distinct basal nuclei structures are the striatum, pallidum, substantia nigra, and subthalamic nucleus. (wanderingsolace.com)
Amygdala5
  • Fibres reaching the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract project to the amygdala, especially its medial and central nuclei. (medscape.com)
  • The amygdala is a collection of nuclei found deep within the temporal lobe . (riktr.com)
  • The term amygdala comes from Latin and translates to "almond," because one of the most prominent nuclei of the amygdala has an almond-like shape. (riktr.com)
  • The amygdala is an important structure located in the anterior temporal lobe within the uncus (an anterior extremity of the parahippocampal gyrus). (actionmortgage.com)
  • For instance, the direct pathway gets support by the nucleus accumbens whose activity is associated with the expectation of reward, whereas the indirect pathway is supported by the amygdala whose activity is associated with fear. (stuttering-theory.eu)
Lesions7
  • The impact of fornix lesions in rats on spatial learning tasks sensitive to anterior thalamic and hippocampal damage. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • The impact of anterior thalamic lesions on active and passive spatial learning in stimulus controlled environments: Geometric cues and pattern arrangement. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • We analysed the effects of lesions of hippocampal-diencephalic projections -- fornix (FX) mamillary bodies (MB) and anterior thalamic nuclei (AT) -- and retrohippocampal (RH) lesions including entorhinal cortex and ventral subiculum, upon scene processing. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Neurochemical lesions placed into ventral part of anteromedial thalamic nucleus (AMv) disrupt contextual, but not innate, fear responses to predatory threats. (usp.br)
  • Thalamic lesions cause general semantic naming deficit, and only rarely a category specific semantic deficit for very limited and highly specific categories. (scienceopen.com)
  • Vaquero J Effects of brain stem and thalamic lesions on the corneal the hypophysis in. (babybminephotography.com)
  • As a result of the relatively tight packaging of numerous ascending and descending tracts, as well as nuclei, within the brain stem, even small lesions within it can injure multiple tracts and nuclei within it and thus can produce very significant neurologic deficits. (mhmedical.com)
Accumbens4
  • The decrease of D2R after stress in striatum and nucleus accumbens and no effect of imipramine were observed. (springer.com)
  • Several brain regions, such as the subcallosal-cingulate gyrus, nucleus accumbens, ventral capsule/ventral striatum, anterior limb of the internal capsule, medial-forebrain bundle, lateral habenula, inferior-thalamic peduncle, and the bed-nucleus of the stria terminalis have been identified as key targets for TRD management. (scielo.org)
  • ALTIER N, STEWART J: Dopamine receptor antagonists in the nucleus accumbens attenuate analgesia induced by ventral tegmental area substance P or morphine and by nucleus accumbens amphetamine. (medigraphic.com)
  • An evaluation of neuroplasticity and behavior after deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens in an animal model of depression. (jefferson.edu)
Cingulate cortex5
  • Y. Kobayashi, D. G. Amaral, Journal of Comparative Neurology, 426:339+ Brent A. Vogt, D. N. Pandya, D. L. Rosene, " Cingulate cortex of the rhesus monkey: I. Cytoarchitecture and thalamic afferents", Journal of Comparative Neurology, 262(2):256-270. (wikipedia.org)
  • 2011 ). It has been demonstrated that SST is downregulated at the mRNA level and at the precursor protein level in the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of depression patients (Tripp et al. (springer.com)
  • The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a key cortical region for sensory and emotional functions. (biomedcentral.com)
  • ACd dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, AGm medial agranular cortex, AGl lateral agranular cortex. (scholarpedia.org)
  • Further, the effects of the drug were found to be localize in frontal and anterior cingulate cortex. (healthknews.com)
Inferior7
  • Inferior thalamic radiation including auditory radiation. (online-sciences.com)
  • The first study to do so examined white-matter integrity in alcohol-nai've FHP adolescents compared with age- and gender-matched FHN youth and found reduced FA in the superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculi , as well as the anterior superior corona radiata in FHP youth (Herting et al. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • 41] compared two groups of patients with noise-induced hearing loss, differing only in tinnitus status, and found that the tinnitus group had increased FA in several clusters along the left anterior thalamic radiation, as well as in some clusters along the left and right superior longitudinal fasciculi , the left inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and the right interior frontooccipital fasciculus. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The fibers from the fastigial nucleus leave through the inferior cerebellar peduncle. (online-sciences.com)
  • The cochlear nuclei are brought into connexion with the inferior colliculus and the medial geniculate body of the opposite side by the fibres of the corpus trapezoideum and the lateral lemniscus. (co.ma)
  • The connexion between the terminal cochlear nuclei and the inferior colliculus is not altogether with that of the opposite side, as the foregoing description and the diagram (Fig. 534) might lead one to infer. (co.ma)
  • 4. Inferior olivary nucleus, with the accessory olivary nuclei. (en-academic.com)
Midline2
  • In addition, the paleospinothalamic tract (also known as the spinoreticulothalamic tract) contributes collateral branches to the reticular formation as it ascends through the brain stem to the midline and intralaminar thalamic nuclei. (basicmedicalkey.com)
  • and the supplementary motor area located on the midline surface of the hemisphere anterior to the primary motor cortex. (lookformedical.com)
Globus pallidus5
  • As noted earlier , the globus pallidus shares reciprocal connections with the subthalamic nucleus. (what-when-how.com)
  • The lateral segment of the globus pallidus (which receives GABAergic and enkephalinergic inputs from the neostriatum) projects to the subthalamic nucleus. (what-when-how.com)
  • In turn, the subthalamic nucleus projects back to the medial segment of globus pallidus. (what-when-how.com)
  • The region where fibers of the ansa lenticularis, lenticular fasciculus, and cerebelloth-alamic merge is the H, field of Forel.The subthalamic fasciculus represents reciprocal connections between the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus and serves as the anatomical substrate for the indirect pathway. (what-when-how.com)
  • In addition to the direct and the indirect pathway, there is a 'hyperdirect pathway', so named because it connects the frontal cortex through the subthalamic nucleus (STN) with the globus pallidus pars interna (GPi), the main output structure of the motor part of the BG, without involving the striatum, the usual BG input structure. (stuttering-theory.eu)
Midbrain4
  • As the fibers run caudally in the direction of the midbrain (adjacent to the red nucleus), they pass between the subthalamic nucleus and zona incerta. (what-when-how.com)
  • Note that the pathways initially pass caudally toward the red nucleus of the midbrain before reversing their course (at the H field of Forel) to pass rostrally into the ventrolateral, ventral anterior, and centromedian (CM) thalamic nuclei. (what-when-how.com)
  • The mesencephalic nucleus is in the midbrain and receives proprioceptive fibers from all muscles of mastication. (medscape.com)
  • Two primary nuclei are the corpus striatum (k r -p s str - t m), located deep within the cerebrum, and the substantianigra, a group of darkly pigmented cells in the midbrain. (actionmortgage.com)
Subcortical nuclei4
  • The " basal ganglia " refers to a group of subcortical nuclei responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions and behaviors, and emotions. (riktr.com)
  • The basal nuclei (or ganglia) are collections of subcortical nuclei (or gray matter) in each hemisphere that help regulate voluntary movements that are selected, planned, and executed elsewhere in the brain. (actionmortgage.com)
  • The "basal ganglia" refers to a group of subcortical nuclei within the brain responsible primarily for motor control, as well as other roles such as motor learning, executive functions, emotional behaviours, and play an important role in reward and reinforcement, addictive behaviours and habit formation. (actionmortgage.com)
  • In rodents, subcortical nuclei have been showed as important areas in reproductive and social behaviors. (fapesp.br)
Afferents3
  • Synaptic properties of the mammillary and cortical afferents to the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus in the mouse. (uchicago.edu)
  • The main sensory nucleus receives its afferents (as the sensory root) from the semilunar ganglion through the lateral part of the pons ventral surface. (medscape.com)
  • The present study has investigated this apparent dichotomy in thalamic afferents using the technique of retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). (umn.edu)
Deep Brain Stimu4
  • The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (ANT-DBS) for patients with intractable epilepsy based on seizure and cognitive outcomes. (jneuropsychiatry.org)
  • 2017. Thalamo-cortical network underlying deep brain stimulation of centromedian thalamic nuclei in intractable epilepsy: a multimodal imaging analysis . (brainrecoveryproject.org)
  • Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale - TORPIDO: Towards identification of response predictors in deep-brain stimulation of subthalamic nucleus for obsessive compulsive disorder. (nerb.team)
  • Identification of biomarkers that predict response to subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for an open-label follow-up study. (nerb.team)
Higher order thalamic nuclei2
  • Differences in response to serotonergic activation between first and higher order thalamic nuclei. (uchicago.edu)
  • Relay and higher-order thalamic nuclei show an intertwined functional association with cortical-networks. (mpg.de)
Ventrolateral1
  • Note that the fibers of medial pallidal segment use two pathways to supply the ventrolateral, ventral anterior, and centromedian nuclei (the ansa lenticularis and the lenticular fasciculus or H2 field of Forel). (what-when-how.com)
STIMULATION4
  • The multisite APT-thalamic pathway showed larger charge transfer during 50-100 Hz stimulation compared with the nRT pathway and a greater persistent inhibition accruing during stimulation trains. (jneurosci.org)
  • 2016. Stimulation of Anterior Thalamic Nuclei Protects Against Seizures and Neuronal Apoptosis in Hippocampal CA3 Region of Kainic Acid-induced Epileptic Rats . (brainrecoveryproject.org)
  • Though neurostimulators in other brain regions have been used for several years to treat patients with movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia, stimulation of the anterior thalamic nucleus is a novel treatment target for epilepsy. (newmindjournal.com)
  • Ooi YC, Styliaras JC, Sharan A. Thalamic stimulation for epilepsy. (jefferson.edu)
Pulvinar2
  • It is placed between the medial and the lateral medullary laminæ, and it stretches backwards beyond the medial nucleus, and thus includes the whole of the pulvinar (Fig. 541). (co.ma)
  • Magnetic resonance imaging of the thalamic mediodorsal nucleus and pulvinar in schizophrenia and schizotypal personality disorder. (semanticscholar.org)
Cortex11
  • Thus, the overall influence of the pars reticulata on motor functions of the cerebral cortex is made possible by the synaptic connections between nigral fibers and these thalamic relay nuclei. (what-when-how.com)
  • We hypothesize that sleep deprivation will increase the number of cells expressing Htr2a in the mouse anterior prefrontal cortex when compared to controls. (asu.edu)
  • Sleep deprived that mice express EGFP under control of the Htr2a promoter displayed anteroposterior gradients of expression across sagittal sections, with concentrations seen most densely within the prefrontal cortex as well as the anterior pretectal nucleus, thalamic nucleus, as well as the cingulate gyrus. (asu.edu)
  • Pre treatment with WAY considerably lowered MDMAinduced c Fos expression in six parts: the Islands of Calleja P median preoptic nucleus P SON P PVN P barrel field on the somatosensory cortex P and nucleus in the solitary tract P There have been 4 added parts where c Fos was considerably increased while in the SAL MDMA group, but not from the WAY MDMA group. (pcna-signal.com)
  • The thalamic 'skin' acts like a 'sieve' or 'filter' to only allow selective thalamic output to travel on towards the limbic structures and then towards the cortex. (endurance-education.com)
  • Its axons cross to the other side, ascending to the thalamic nuclei to relay in the postcentral cerebral cortex. (medscape.com)
  • Importantly, in the human brain, these cortico-striatal-thalamic loops are elaborated beyond the motor and premotor cortex to extend into prefrontal cortex. (contribucions.org)
  • Mid-dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (mid-DLPFC) and anterior dorsal premotor cortex (pre-PMd) are meant to represent different areas of the prefrontal cortex. (contribucions.org)
  • In the present study SE was evoked focally by microinfusing picomolar doses of cyclothiazide+bicuculline into the anterior extent of the piriform cortex (APC) in rats, the so-called area tempestas, an approach which allows to evaluate selectively the effects of seizure spreading through the natural anatomical circuitries up to secondary generalization. (unipi.it)
  • We also showed the occurrence of cell loss and degenerative phenomena in limbic cortex, hippocampus and limbic thalamic areas. (unipi.it)
  • Subsequent thalamic projections course to widespread, nonspecific areas of the cerebral cortex. (basicmedicalkey.com)
Hippocampus1
  • Impaired familiarity with preserved recollection after anterior temporal-lobe resection that spares the hippocampus. (omicsdi.org)
Projections6
  • pv23b, posteroventral part for 23b, main thalamic projections from anterior nuclei. (wikipedia.org)
  • Though the fibre architecture of cerebellar and pallidal projections to of the VL nucleus has already been focus in a numerous amount of in vitro studies mainly in animals, probabilistic tractography now offers the possibility of an in vivo comparison in healthy humans. (uni-koeln.de)
  • The latter nucleus, with its cholinergic and γ - aminobutyric acid (GABA - ergic) projections, playsan important role in disorders of memory and the treatment of dementias. (pediagenosis.com)
  • The cortical areas prelimbic (PL), anterior cingulate area (ACA), anteromedial visual area (VISam) and the ventral part of retrosplenial area (RSPv), receive projections from AMv and are recruited during predator exposure. (usp.br)
  • Branching projections from mesopontine nuclei to the nucleus reticularis and related thalamic nuclei: a double labelling study in the rat. (scienceopen.com)
  • The dorsal premammillary nucleus (PMd) represents one of the most mobilized sites during social agonistic encounters and provides strong projections to the dorsal part of the periaqueductal gray (dPAG) and the ventral part of the anteromedial thalamic nucleus (AMv). (fapesp.br)
Inputs6
  • Physiological characteristics of anterior thalamic nuclei, a group devoid of inputs from reticular thalamic nucleus. (nih.gov)
  • Different topography of the reticulothalmic inputs to first- and higher-order somatosensory thalamic relays revealed using photostimulation. (uchicago.edu)
  • Segregation of parallel inputs to the anteromedial and anteroventral thalamic nuclei of the rat. (cardiff.ac.uk)
  • These inputs primarily arise from functionally-interconnecting cortical areas and thalamic nuclei, illustrating that OPCs have strikingly comprehensive synaptic access to brain-wide projection networks. (elifesciences.org)
  • These nuclei help it in receiving inputs from the many cortical and sub-cortical structures. (bodytomy.com)
  • The ventral posterolateral nucleus receives sensory inputs from the body, including the joints, limbs, etc. (bodytomy.com)
Medial Thalamic Nuclei2
  • The Anterior and Medial Thalamic Nuclei and the Human Limbic System: Tracing the Structural Connectivity Using Diffusion-Weighted Imaging. (mpg.de)
  • The objective of this thesis was to test the idea that medial thalamic nuclei are part of a "memory circuit" in the brain. (ulethbridge.ca)
Different thalamic nuclei1
  • However, exactly how the different thalamic nuclei contribute to different kinds of memory is unclear. (omicsdi.org)
Fibers3
  • The descending sensory fibers from the semilunar ganglion course through the pons and medulla in the spinal tract of CN V to end in the nuclei of this tract (as far as the second cervical segment). (medscape.com)
  • The motor nucleus of CN V receives cortical fibers for voluntary control of the muscles of mastication. (medscape.com)
  • Genu connects the anterior part of the frontal lobes on both sides, The fibers of the genu radiate forwards towards the frontal poles forming the forceps minor. (online-sciences.com)
Vestibular2
  • Signals from the labyrinth ascend the vestibular nerve to the floccules and vermis of the cerebellum in addition to the vestibular nuclei. (babybminephotography.com)
  • Lateral vestibular nucleus - Brain: Lateral vestibular nucleus Terminal nuclei of the vestibular nerve, with their upper connections. (en-academic.com)
Basal nuclei9
  • The basal ganglia (or basal nuclei ) are a group of nuclei of varied origin in the brains of vertebrates that act as a cohesive functional unit. (riktr.com)
  • What other three structures are also associated with the dorsal basal nuclei? (actionmortgage.com)
  • The cerebrum itself contains the major lobes of decussate: cerebral white matter and basal nuclei (basal ganglia) Term. (actionmortgage.com)
  • 1) The basal nuclei is grouped into an input stucture (striatum), intermediary structures (external pallidum, pars compacta, and subthalamic nucleus), and output structures (internal pallidum and pars reticulata). (wanderingsolace.com)
  • The basal nuclei is often written off as an "ancient motor system" that has been replaced by the neocortex. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • While this may be partially true, it undermines the current primary and essential role of the basal nuclei in neocortical data processing. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • The pars reticulata, along with the internal pallidum, is a major basal nuclei output structure and contains GABA. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Coronal basal nuclei view (closer to the face) showing the striatum and pallidum. (wanderingsolace.com)
  • Coronal basal nuclei view (closer to the back of the head) showing the SN and subthalamic nucleus. (wanderingsolace.com)
Synaptic2
  • Synaptic connectivity of a local circuit neurone in lateral geniculate nucleus of the cat. (uchicago.edu)
  • In contrast, single APT-thalamic terminals formed synaptic contacts exclusively via multiple, closely spaced synapses on thick relay cell dendrites. (jneurosci.org)
Commissure2
  • Allegedly, connections exist between the two olfactory bulbs and both anterior olfactory nuclei through the anterior commissure. (medscape.com)
  • After commissure section (corpus callosum and anterior commissure), the neglect reappeared. (coek.info)
Epilepsy3
  • Specialists say thalamic DBS may offer improved therapy for epilepsy compared to other neurostimulation techniques. (newmindjournal.com)
  • We examined recognition memory in NB, an individual who underwent surgical resection of left anterior temporal-lobe structures for treatment of intractable epilepsy. (omicsdi.org)
  • Although recent studies begun to investigate these nuclei in experimental epilepsy and in persons with epilepsy, conflicting results were obtained so far. (unipi.it)
Motor nuclei2
  • The sensory nucleus of CN V is connected to other motor nuclei of the pons and medulla. (medscape.com)
  • PBP is a progressive degenerative disorder of the motor nuclei in the medulla (specifically involving the glossopharyngeal, vagus, and hypoglossal nerves) that produces atrophy and fasciculations of the lingual muscles, dysarthria, and dysphagia. (medscape.com)
Lentiform2
Medulla2
  • Configuration into the third neuron then takes place in the Nuclei gracilis and cuneatus in the Medulla oblongata. (asepage.org)
  • 1. Medulla oblongata anterior surface. (en-academic.com)
Brain9
  • The projection of individual axons from the parabrachial region of the brain stem to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the cat. (uchicago.edu)
  • 2017 ). Because the striatum and nucleus acumbens (NAcc) are reported to contain both SST and its receptors, it is also possible that SST regulates dopaminergic function in these brain areas (Ikeda et al. (springer.com)
  • During the surgical procedure, which is supported by real-time MRI, a DBS device is inserted into the anterior thalamic nucleus of the brain. (newmindjournal.com)
  • Latin , from Greek ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē , 'almond', 'tonsil', [1] listed in Gray's Anatomy textbook as the nucleus amygdalæ ) are almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. (riktr.com)
  • In today's post, I will drill down a bit more into one mechanism by which the brain might implement working memory gating for cognitive control: the cortico-striatal-thalamic circuit. (contribucions.org)
  • which pass directly to the mid-brain (fasciculus vestibulomesencephalicus), chiefly to the oculomotor and trochlear nuclei (Fig. 524, p. 590). (co.ma)
  • Lateral spinothalamic tract holds sensory details for pain (nociception) and temperature while the anterior spinothalamic tract data carries sensory information for non-discriminative and crude contact to the human brain. (newszou.com)
  • The anterior choroidal artery (AChA) is a critical artery in brain physiology and function. (medsci.org)
  • In addition to housing essential ascending and descending tracts, the brain stem contains nuclei that are essential for maintenance of life. (mhmedical.com)
Internal capsule1
  • Studies of white matter tracts in patients with a history of suicidal behaviour have shown alteration in the left anterior limb of the internal capsule (ALIC). (jpn.ca)
Pathways4
  • One of the more popular theories in recent literature is that it represents a hypo glutaminergic deficiency of certain pathways, including thalamic ones. (surgicalneurologyint.com)
  • Spinothalamic tract can be described as sensory path from the skin area consisting of two pathways: spectrum of ankle spinothalamic and anterior spinothalamic. (newszou.com)
  • Non-thalamic origin of zebrafish sensory nuclei implies convergent evolution of visual pathways in amniotes and teleosts. (cnrs.fr)
  • The SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS and pathways traversing this region are concerned with the integration of somatic motor function. (lookformedical.com)
Limbic3
  • The thalamic nuclei with abnormal volumes are densely connected to the limbic system. (mcgill.ca)
  • In fact, these nuclei are strictly connected with limbic structures, and play a key pivotal role in different cognitive functions and vigilance. (unipi.it)
  • We showed that after severe and long-lasting, focally induced limbic SE there is a significant cell loss within all of the abovementioned cholinergic nuclei ipsi- and contra-laterally to the infusion site. (unipi.it)
Nuclear3
  • Postmortem assessment of thalamic nuclear volumes in subjects with schizophrenia. (semanticscholar.org)
  • 0.05 corrected), significant volume reductions of the following thalamic nuclei were observed in migraineurs: central nuclear complex (F(1,233) = 6.79), anterior nucleus (F(1,237) = 7.38), and lateral dorsal nucleus (F(1,238) = 6.79). (mcgill.ca)
  • some nuclei clusters of nuclear clumps type with fasciculi were diagnosed. (thefreedictionary.com)
Lateral genicul2
  • The control of retinogeniculate transmission in the mammalian lateral geniculate nucleus. (uchicago.edu)
  • In mice, the shell region of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) relays signals from retinal horizontal ON-OFF DS cells to superficial layers of V1 (refs. (nature.com)
Left anterior thalamic2
  • We performed a case-control study on a 56-year-old right-handed man who presented with language impairment following a left anterior thalamic infarction. (scienceopen.com)
  • Thus, a unique category specific profile of response and naming errors to visual and tactile, but not auditory stimuli was found after a left anterior thalamic infarction. (scienceopen.com)
Septal nuclei1
  • From here, a few also reach the septal nuclei. (medscape.com)
Temporal-lobe3
  • Thalamic-Medial Temporal Lobe Connectivity Underpins Familiarity Memory. (omicsdi.org)
  • Moreover, whether thalamic connectivity with the medial temporal lobe (MTL), arguably the most fundamental memory structure, is critical for memory remains unknown. (omicsdi.org)
  • Uncinate fasciculus: connects between orbital/gyri and the anterior portion of the temporal lobe. (online-sciences.com)
Sensory nuclei1
  • It also receives input from the mesencephalic and sensory nuclei. (medscape.com)
Dorsal nucleus1
  • The corpus trapezoideum (Figs. 531 and 532) is formed of the axons of the cells of the ventral cochlear nucleus, as well as certain of the axons of the cells of the dorsal nucleus. (co.ma)
Fasciculus2
  • Thalamic fasciculus visible but not labeled, as red line from GPi to THA. (cloudfront.net)
  • The thalamic fasciculus is a component of the subthalamus . (cloudfront.net)
Reticular nucleus2
  • Functional organization of the thalamic input to the thalamic reticular nucleus. (uchicago.edu)
  • GABAergic projection from the basal forebrain to the visual sector of the thalamic reticular nucleus in the cat. (uchicago.edu)
Corpus1
  • In the midst of the corpus trapezoideum are lodged large cells which are known as the nucleus trapezoideus , and these give off axons which join the strand with which they are associated. (co.ma)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Prion-Related Diseases Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Prion-Related Diseases Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes (emedicine.medscape.com)
Frontiers | Blind Visualization of Task-Related Networks From Visual Oddball Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Data: Spectral or...
Frontiers | Blind Visualization of Task-Related Networks From Visual Oddball Simultaneous EEG-fMRI Data: Spectral or... (frontiersin.org)
Neuromodulation Surgery for Psychiatric Disorders: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem
Neuromodulation Surgery for Psychiatric Disorders: Background, History of the Procedure, Problem (emedicine.medscape.com)
Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison using...
Dissociable contributions of mediodorsal and anterior thalamic nuclei in visual attentional performance: A comparison using... (researchportal.northumbria.ac.uk)
Kilian M Pohl's Profile | Stanford Profiles
Kilian M Pohl's Profile | Stanford Profiles (profiles.stanford.edu)
Allostasis as a core feature of hierarchical gradients in the human brain | Network Neuroscience | MIT Press
Allostasis as a core feature of hierarchical gradients in the human brain | Network Neuroscience | MIT Press (direct.mit.edu)
Topographic and Functional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy, Ventral and Dorsal Roots, Descending Spinal Cord Tracts
Topographic and Functional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord: Gross Anatomy, Ventral and Dorsal Roots, Descending Spinal Cord Tracts (emedicine.medscape.com)
Administration | Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen
Administration | Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics Tübingen (kyb.tuebingen.mpg.de)
Publications - Systems Neuroscience and Behavior Lab
Publications - Systems Neuroscience and Behavior Lab (bclark-lab.com)
Cunningham's textbook of anatomy - Daniel John Cunningham - Google Livres
Cunningham's textbook of anatomy - Daniel John Cunningham - Google Livres (books.google.co.ma)
W. Byne | Semantic Scholar
W. Byne | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
Brain Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy: Cerebrum, Gross Anatomy: Cortex
Brain Anatomy: Overview, Gross Anatomy: Cerebrum, Gross Anatomy: Cortex (emedicine.medscape.com)
Cerebral Subcortex
Cerebral Subcortex (fpnotebook.com)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Workup: Approach Considerations, Histologic Findings,...
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy Workup: Approach Considerations, Histologic Findings,... (emedicine.medscape.com)
Cortical and Deep Brain Stimulation • The Brain Recovery Project
Cortical and Deep Brain Stimulation • The Brain Recovery Project (brainrecoveryproject.org)
Publications | Ústav přístrojové techniky
Publications | Ústav přístrojové techniky (isibrno.cz)
The Basal Ganglia (Motor Systems) Part 2
The Basal Ganglia (Motor Systems) Part 2 (what-when-how.com)
Morphological Abnormalities of Thalamic Subnuclei in Migraine: A Multicenter MRI Study at 3 Tesla. | The Douglas Research Centre
Morphological Abnormalities of Thalamic Subnuclei in Migraine: A Multicenter MRI Study at 3 Tesla. | The Douglas Research Centre (douglas.research.mcgill.ca)
(emedicine.medscape.com)
Nonspecific Thalamic Nuclei - Dorsal Thalamus
Nonspecific Thalamic Nuclei - Dorsal Thalamus (brainkart.com)
Frontiers | Widespread Decrease of Cerebral Vimentin-Immunoreactive Astrocytes in Depressed Suicides
Frontiers | Widespread Decrease of Cerebral Vimentin-Immunoreactive Astrocytes in Depressed Suicides (frontiersin.org)
Human mediodorsal thalamic nucleus as a potential target for deep brain stimulation: review of the literature and anatomical...
Human mediodorsal thalamic nucleus as a potential target for deep brain stimulation: review of the literature and anatomical... (oapublishinglondon.com)
Estrogen receptors in pain modulation: cellular signaling | Biology of Sex Differences | Full Text
Estrogen receptors in pain modulation: cellular signaling | Biology of Sex Differences | Full Text (bsd.biomedcentral.com)
Plus it
Plus it (jneurosci.org)
Limbic and Motor Circuitry Underlying Footshock-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior | Journal of Neuroscience
Limbic and Motor Circuitry Underlying Footshock-Induced Reinstatement of Cocaine-Seeking Behavior | Journal of Neuroscience (jneurosci.org)
Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage | MedLink Neurology
Nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage | MedLink Neurology (medlink.com)
Patriks morgonpromenader - Trincomalee, Sri Lanka - Jorden runt med familjen Thunberg
Patriks morgonpromenader - Trincomalee, Sri Lanka - Jorden runt med familjen Thunberg (attresamedbarn.se)
Lähellä on -tapahtuman värikkäät viirit - Kristallin kirkkaasti
Lähellä on -tapahtuman värikkäät viirit - Kristallin kirkkaasti (kristallin.fi)