Retinoscopy
Amblyopia
A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.
Refractive Errors
Strabismus
Misalignment of the visual axes of the eyes. In comitant strabismus the degree of ocular misalignment does not vary with the direction of gaze. In noncomitant strabismus the degree of misalignment varies depending on direction of gaze or which eye is fixating on the target. (Miller, Walsh & Hoyt's Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p641)
Astigmatism
Unequal curvature of the refractive surfaces of the eye. Thus a point source of light cannot be brought to a point focus on the retina but is spread over a more or less diffuse area. This results from the radius of curvature in one plane being longer or shorter than the radius at right angles to it. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Hyperopia
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the eye parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus behind the retina, as a result of the eyeball being too short from front to back. It is also called farsightedness because the near point is more distant than it is in emmetropia with an equal amplitude of accommodation. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Aniseikonia
Esotropia
Visual Acuity
Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.
Eyeglasses
Myopia
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.
Refractive Surgical Procedures
Accommodation, Ocular
The dioptric adjustment of the EYE (to attain maximal sharpness of retinal imagery for an object of regard) referring to the ability, to the mechanism, or to the process. Ocular accommodation is the effecting of refractive changes by changes in the shape of the CRYSTALLINE LENS. Loosely, it refers to ocular adjustments for VISION, OCULAR at various distances. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)
Exotropia
A form of ocular misalignment where the visual axes diverge inappropriately. For example, medial rectus muscle weakness may produce this condition as the affected eye will deviate laterally upon attempted forward gaze. An exotropia occurs due to the relatively unopposed force exerted on the eye by the lateral rectus muscle, which pulls the eye in an outward direction.
Dominance, Ocular
The functional superiority and preferential use of one eye over the other. The term is usually applied to superiority in sighting (VISUAL PERCEPTION) or motor task but not difference in VISUAL ACUITY or dysfunction of one of the eyes. Ocular dominance can be modified by visual input and NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS.
Vision Screening
Application of tests and examinations to identify visual defects or vision disorders occurring in specific populations, as in school children, the elderly, etc. It is differentiated from VISION TESTS, which are given to evaluate/measure individual visual performance not related to a specific population.
Sensory Deprivation
Axial Length, Eye
Corneal Topography
The measurement of curvature and shape of the anterior surface of the cornea using techniques such as keratometry, keratoscopy, photokeratoscopy, profile photography, computer-assisted image processing and videokeratography. This measurement is often applied in the fitting of contact lenses and in diagnosing corneal diseases or corneal changes including keratoconus, which occur after keratotomy and keratoplasty.
Occlusive Dressings
Eye
Ocular Physiological Phenomena
Prevalence
Biometry
Dictionaries as Topic
Anterior Chamber
The space in the eye, filled with aqueous humor, bounded anteriorly by the cornea and a small portion of the sclera and posteriorly by a small portion of the ciliary body, the iris, and that part of the crystalline lens which presents through the pupil. (Cline et al., Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed, p109)
Classification
Scotoma
Phakic Intraocular Lenses
Lens Implantation, Intraocular
Ophthalmology
Lymphoma, T-Cell
Lymphoma, B-Cell
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin
Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation.
Lymphoma, Follicular
Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES.
Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous
A group of lymphomas exhibiting clonal expansion of malignant T-lymphocytes arrested at varying stages of differentiation as well as malignant infiltration of the skin. MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES; SEZARY SYNDROME; LYMPHOMATOID PAPULOSIS; and PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ANAPLASTIC LARGE CELL LYMPHOMA are the best characterized of these disorders.
The role of optical defocus in regulating refractive development in infant monkeys. (1/126)
Early in life, the two eyes of infant primates normally grow in a coordinated manner toward the ideal refractive state. We investigated the extent to which lens-induced changes in the effective focus of the eye affected refractive development in infant rhesus monkeys. The main finding was that spectacle lenses could predictably alter the growth of one or both eyes resulting in appropriate compensating refractive changes in both the hyperopic and myopic directions. Although the effective operating range of the emmetropization process in young monkeys is somewhat limited, the results demonstrate that emmetropization in this higher primate, as in a number of other species, is an active process that is regulated by optical defocus associated with the eye's effective refractive state. (+info)The therapy of amblyopia: an analysis of the results of amblyopia therapy utilizing the pooled data of published studies. (2/126)
CONTEXT: Although the treatment of amblyopia with occlusion has changed little over the past 3 centuries, there is little agreement about which regimes are most effective and for what reasons. OBJECTIVE: To determine the outcome of occlusion therapy in patients with anisometropic, strabismic, and strabismic-anisometropic amblyopia employing the raw data from 961 patients reported in 23 studies published between 1965 and 1994. DESIGN: Analysis of the published literature on amblyopia therapy results during the above interval, utilizing primary data obtained from the authors of these articles or tables published in the articles detailing individual patient outcomes. PARTICIPANTS: 961 amblyopic patients, participants in 23 studies, undergoing patching therapy for amblyopia from 1965 to 1994 with anisometropia, strabismus, or anisometropia-strabismus. MAIN OUTCOMES: In the pooled data set, success of occlusion therapy was defined as visual acuity of 20/40 at the end of treatment. RESULTS: Success by the 20/40 criteria was achieved in 512 of 689 (74.3%) patients. By category, 312 of 402 (77.6%) were successful in strabismic amblyopia, 44 of 75 (58.7%) in strabismic-anisometropic amblyopia, and 72 of 108 (66.7%) in anisometropic amblyopia. Success was not related to the duration of occlusion therapy, type of occlusion used, accompanying refractive error, patient's sex, or eye. Univariate analyses showed that success was related to the age at which therapy was initiated; the type of amblyopia; the depth of visual loss before treatment for the anisometropic patients and the strabismic patients, but not for the anisometropic-strabismic patients; and the difference in spherical equivalents between eyes, for the anisometropic patients. Logistic/linear regression revealed that 3 were independent predictors of a successful outcome of amblyopia therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Factors that appear most closely related to a successful outcome are age, type of amblyopia, and depth of visual loss before treatment. These may be related to factors, as yet undetermined in the pathogenesis of amblyopia. With present emphasis on the value of screening and prevention and the development of new screening tools, such a look at the results of amblyopia therapy in a large population seems indicated. (+info)Amblyopia and visual acuity in children with Down's syndrome. (3/126)
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Amblyopia in people with Down's syndrome has not been well investigated. This study was designed to determine the prevalence and associated conditions of amblyopia in a group of home reared children with Down's syndrome. METHODS: All children in the study group underwent an evaluation of visual acuity. In addition, previous ophthalmological records were reviewed, and a subgroup of children was examined. For the purposes of this study, amblyopia was defined quantitatively as a difference of two Snellen acuity lines between eyes or if unilateral central steady maintained (CSM) vision and a clear fixation preference was observed. A high refractive error was defined as a spherical equivalent more than 3 dioptres and astigmatism more than 1.75 dioptres. Anisometropia was defined as a difference of at least 1.5 dioptres of sphere and/or 1.0 dioptre of cylinder between eyes. 68 children with Down's syndrome between the ages of 5 and 19 years were enrolled in the final study group. RESULTS: Amblyopia was observed in 15 (22%) of 68 patients. An additional 16 (24%) patients had bilateral vision less than 20/50. Strabismus, high refractive errors, and anisometropia were the conditions most commonly associated with decreased vision and amblyopia CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the prevalence of amblyopia is higher than previously reported. Fully 46% of these children with Down's syndrome had evidence of substantial visual deficits. These patients may be at higher risk for visual impairment and should be carefully examined for ophthalmological problems. (+info)The association between anisometropia, amblyopia, and binocularity in the absence of strabismus. (4/126)
PURPOSE: First, to determine if thresholds exist for the development of amblyopia and subnormal binocularity with various types of anisometropia and to confirm or refute existing guidelines for its treatment or observation. Second, to delineate any association between the degree or type of anisometropia and the depth of amblyopia and severity of binocular sensory abnormalities. METHODS: Four hundred eleven (411) patients with various levels of anisometropia, no previous therapy, and no other ocular pathology were evaluated. The effect of anisometropia (both corrected and uncorrected) on monocular acuity and binocular function was examined. RESULTS: Spherical myopic anisometropia (SMA) of > 2 diopters (D) or spherical hypermetropic anisometropia (SHA) of > 1 D results in a statistically significant increase in the incidence of amblyopia and decrease in binocular function when compared to non anisometropic patients. Increasing levels of SMA and SHA beyond these thresholds were also associated with increasing depth (and in the case of SHA, incidence as well) of amblyopia. Cylindrical myopic anisometropia (CMA) or cylindrical hyperopic anisometropia (CHA) of > 1.5 D results in a statistically significant increase in amblyopia and decrease in binocular function. A clinically significant increase in amblyopia occurs with > 1 D of CMA or CHA. Increasing levels of CMA and CHA beyond > 1 D were also associated with an increased incidence (and in the case of SMA, depth as well) of amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides guidelines for the treatment or observation of anisometropia and confirms and characterizes the association between the type and degree of anisometropia and the incidence and severity of amblyopia and subnormal binocularity. (+info)Factors limiting contrast sensitivity in experimentally amblyopic macaque monkeys. (5/126)
Contrast detection is impaired in amblyopes. To understand the contrast processing deficit in amblyopia, we studied the effects of masking noise on contrast threshold in amblyopic macaque monkeys. Amblyopia developed as a result of either experimentally induced strabismus or anisometropia. We used random spatiotemporal broadband noise of varying contrast power to mask the detection of sinusoidal grating patches. We compared masking in the amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes. From the masking functions, we calculated equivalent noise contrast (the noise power at which detection threshold was elevated by square root of 2) and signal-to-noise ratio (the ratio of threshold contrast to noise contrast at high noise power). The relation between contrast threshold and masking noise level was similar for amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes. Although in most cases there was some elevation in equivalent noise for amblyopic compared to fellow eyes, signal-to-noise ratio showed greater variation with the extent of amblyopia. These results support the idea that the contrast detection deficit in amblyopia is a cortical deficit. (+info)Outcome in refractive accommodative esotropia. (6/126)
AIM: To examine outcome among children with refractive accommodative esotropia. METHODS: Children with accommodative esotropia associated with hyperopia were included in the study. The features studied were ocular alignment, amblyopia, and the response to treatment, binocular single vision, requirement for surgery, and the change in refraction with age. RESULTS: 103 children with refractive accommodative esotropia were identified. Mean follow up was 4.5 years (range 2-9.5 years). 41 children (39.8%) were fully accommodative (no manifest deviation with full hyperopic correction). The remaining 62 children (60.2%) were partially accommodative. At presentation 61.2% of children were amblyopic in one eye decreasing to 15.5% at the most recent examination. Stereopsis was demonstrated in 89.3% of children at the most recent examination. Mean cycloplegic refraction (dioptres, spherical equivalent) remained stable throughout the follow up period. The mean change in refraction per year was 0.005 dioptres (D) in right eyes (95% CL -0. 0098 to 0.02) and 0.001 D in left eyes (95% CL -0.018 to 0.021). No patients were able to discard their glasses and maintain alignment. CONCLUSIONS: Most children with refractive accommodative esotropia have an excellent outcome in terms of visual acuity and binocular single vision. Current management strategies for this condition result in a marked reduction in the prevalence of amblyopia compared with the prevalence at presentation. The degree of hyperopia, however, remains unchanged with poor prospects for discontinuing glasses wear. The possibility that long term full time glasses wear impedes emmetropisation must be considered. It is also conceivable, however, that these children may behave differently with normal and be predestined to remain hyperopic. (+info)The role of anisometropia in the development of accommodative esotropia. (7/126)
PURPOSE: To determine if anisometropia increases the risk for the development of accommodative esotropia in hypermetropia. METHODS: Records of all new patients with a refractive error of > or = +2.00 (mean spherical equivalent [SE] of both eyes) over a 42-month period were reviewed. Three hundred forty-five (345) patients were thus analyzed to determine the effect of anisometropia (> or = 1 diopter [D]) on the relative risk of developing esodeviation and of requiring surgical correction once esodeviation was present (uncontrolled deviation). RESULTS: Anisometropia (> or = 1 D) increased the relative risk of developing accommodative esodeviation to 1.68 (P < .05). Anisometropia (> or = 1 D) increased the relative risk for esodeviation to 7.8 (P < .05) in patients with a mean SE of < 3 D and to 1.49 (P < .05) in patients with SE of > or = 3 D. This difference was significant (P = .016). In patients with esotropia and anisometropia (> or = 1 D), the relative risk for an uncontrolled deviation was 1.72 (P < .05) compared with nonanisometropic esotropic patients. Uncontrolled esodeviation was present in 33% of anisometropic patients versus 0% of nonanisometropic patients with a mean hypermetropic SE of < 3 D (P = .003); however, anisometropia did not increase the relative risk of uncontrolled esotropia in patients with SE of > or = 3 D. Although amblyopia and anisometropia were closely associated, anisometropia increased the relative risk of esodeviation to 2.14 (P < .05) even in the absence of amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS: Anisometropia (> 1 D) is a significant risk factor for the development of accommodative esodeviation, especially in patients with lower overall hypermetropia (< 3 D). Anisometropia also increases the risk that an accommodative esodeviation will not be fully eliminated with hypermetropic correction. (+info)Contour integration deficits in anisometropic amblyopia. (8/126)
PURPOSE: Previous retrospective studies have found that integration of orientation information along contours defined by Gabor patches is abnormal in strabismic, but not in anisometropic, amblyopia. This study was conducted to reexamine the question of whether anisometropic amblyopes have contour integration deficits prospectively in an untreated sample, to isolate the effects of the disease from the effects of prior treatment-factors that may have confounded the results in previous retrospective studies. METHODS: Contour detection thresholds, optotype acuity, and stereoacuity were measured in a group of 19 newly diagnosed anisometropic amblyopes before initiation of occlusion therapy. Contour detection thresholds were measured using a card-based procedure. RESULTS: Significant interocular differences in contour detection thresholds were present in 14 of the 19 patients with anisometropic amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS: Contour integration deficits are a common, but not universal, finding in untreated anisometropic amblyopia. Differences in the prevalence of contour integration deficits between the present study and that of another study may lie in differences in treatment history and/or in the sensitivity of the two different contour integration tasks. (+info)
Prevalence of anisometropia and its association with refractive error and amblyopia in preschool children | British Journal of...
Anisometropia
All biometric components are important in anisometropia, not just axial length | British Journal of Ophthalmology
Progesssion of Myopia and Anisometropia in Individual Children with Regressed Retinopathy of Prematurity | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Study Highlights Need for Proper Correction in Both Eyes for Older Adults
Anisometropia | definition of anisometropia by Medical dictionary
Observational Study of Optical Correction for Strabismic Amblyopia in Children 3 to |7 Years Old - Tabular View -...
Corrigendum to Perceptual learning improves contrast sensitivity and visual acuity in adults with anisometropic amblyopia ...
Association of Ocular Dominance and Anisometropic Myopia | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Amblyopia treatment of adults with dichoptic training using the virtual reality oculus rift head mounted display: preliminary...
Axis refractive amblyopia.Identification and Treatment of Amblyopia American Family Physician
Fix Causes Of Refractive Errors In Children Tutorial
Gaming No Better Than Patching for Amblyopia
Anisometropic Amblyopia - American Academy of Ophthalmology
Visual Discomfort While Viewing Three-dimensional Television as a Screening Tool for Pediatric Eye Diseases in Children<...
Attention Parents: Amblyopia Treatment - Volunteer Eyecare
Amblyopia Archives - liputan24
Amblyopia Treatment Orange County, CA | Lazy Eye, California
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Development and Validation of Home-based Training for Amblyopia
- National Cheng Kung University
Leicester Research Archive: An audit of the outcome of amblyopia treatment: a retrospective analysis of 322 children.
Patch Charts & Toys for Amblyopia Therapy - Kay Fun Patch
Accessories for Amblyopia Treatment - Kay Fun Patch
Amblyopia: Poor Eye Teaming in Life - Alisa Hope Wagner
iAH Interface de pesquisa 2.4 - Resultado da pesquisa |p gina 1|
Amblyopia infographic | ABDO
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Does the treatment of amblyopia normalise subfoveal choroidal thickness in amblyopic children? | AVESİS
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What is Amblyopia and why should every pediatrician screen for vision impairments?
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Aniseikonia
For some patients the removal was only performed on one eye, resulting in the anisometropia / aniseikonia. Today, this is ... Aniseikonia can occur naturally or be induced by the correction of a refractive error, usually anisometropia (having ... Dartmouth Eye Institute, research in the 1930s and 1940s on aniseikonia) anisometropia macropsia, micropsia Berens, Conrad; ... ISBN 978-81-312-1132-8. "Patients with anisometropia and aniseikonia". Borish's clinical refraction (2nd ed.). Butterworth ...
Ocular dominance
Vincent SJ, Collins MJ, Read SA, Carney LG, Yap MK (December 2011). "Interocular symmetry in myopic anisometropia" (PDF). ...
Refractive error
Other terminology include anisometropia, when the two eyes have unequal refractive power, and aniseikonia which is when the ... "Anisometropia - American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus". aapos.org. Retrieved 10 February 2020. " ...
Four prism dioptre reflex test
Anisometropia in a patient can lead to a microtropia. If left untreated at a young age foveal suppression occurs and the ... anisometropia and poorer stereopsis. Eccentric fixation utilises an abnormal retinal correspondence point and not the fovea, no ...
Yoon Seok-youl
Yoon was exempted in 1982 from national service due to anisometropia. Yoon later added that he could not to get a driving ...
Suppression (eye)
The scene simply disappears for the suppressed eye." Suppression is frequent in children with anisometropia or strabismus or ...
List of Israeli inventions and discoveries
Line free single power bicentric prismatic spectacle lens for correction of anisometropia. Sydney J. Bush UK patent no. 1539381 ...
Treacher Collins syndrome
Vision loss can occur and is associated with strabismus, refractive errors, and anisometropia. It can also be caused by ...
Marcus Gunn phenomenon
This condition has been associated with amblyopia (in 54% of cases), anisometropia (26%), and strabismus (56%). Although ...
Near-sightedness
"Axial lengths and refractive errors in kittens reared with an optically induced anisometropia". Investigate Ophthalmology and ...
Hypertropia
Refractive errors such as hyperopia and anisometropia may be associated abnormalities found in patients with vertical ...
Optical power
Anisometropia is the condition in which one eye has a different refractive power than the other eye. Lens clock Lensmeter Plate ...
Diplopia
Abscess Aniseikonia Anisometropia Antipsychotics (haloperidol, fluphenazine, chlorpromazine etc.) Atypical parkinsonisms, ...
Aspheric lens
... anisometropia). Not related to the optical quality, they may give a thinner lens, and also distort the viewer's eyes less as ...
Eye disease
Anisometropia - the lenses of the two eyes have different focal lengths (H52.4) Presbyopia - a condition that occurs with ...
Pediatric ophthalmology
... anisometropia) or one of the eye is misaligned for a long period of time (Strabismus). The management of amblyopia involves ...
Strabismus
In case of strong anisometropia, contact lenses may be preferable to spectacles because they avoid the problem of visual ...
List of ICD-9 codes 320-389: diseases of the nervous system and sense organs
367 Disorders of refraction and accommodation 367.0 Hypermetropia 367.1 Myopia 367.2 Astigmatism 367.3 Anisometropia and ...
Visual acuity
... anisometropia (unequal refractive error between the two eyes), or covering or patching the eye during medical treatment, will ...
Refractive surgery
... anisometropia, anisometric amblyopia or accommodative esotropia. Interventions on young children may require general ...
List of MeSH codes (C11)
... anisometropia MeSH C11.744.212 - astigmatism MeSH C11.744.479 - hyperopia MeSH C11.744.636 - myopia MeSH C11.744.636.500 - ...
Anisometropia
In a study performed on 53 children who had amblyopia due to anisometropia, surgical correction of the anisometropia followed ... Secondly, different criteria have been employed to define anisometropia, and the boundary between anisometropia and isometropia ... of subjects aged 6 to 18 have anisometropia. Antimetropia is a rare sub-type of anisometropia, in which one eye is myopic ( ... Anisometropia follows a U-shape distribution according to age: it is frequent in infants aged only a few weeks, is more rare in ...
Neonatal conjunctivitis
Many different bacteria and viruses can cause conjunctivitis in the neonate. The two most common causes are N. gonorrheae and Chlamydia acquired from the birth canal during delivery. Ophthalmia neonatorum due to gonococci (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) typically manifests in the first five days post birth and is associated with marked bilateral purulent discharge and local inflammation. In contrast, conjunctivitis secondary to infection with chlamydia (Chlamydia trachomatis) produces conjunctivitis after day three post birth, but may occur up to two weeks after delivery. The discharge is usually more watery in nature (mucopurulent) and less inflamed. Babies infected with chlamydia may develop pneumonitis (chest infection) at a later stage (range 2 weeks - 19 weeks after delivery). Infants with chlamydia pneumonitis should be treated with oral erythromycin for 10-14 days.[6] Other agents causing ophthalmia neonatorum include Herpes simplex virus (HSV 2), Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus ...
Corneal dystrophy
Diagnosis can be established on clinical grounds and this may be enhanced with studies on surgically excised corneal tissue and in some cases with molecular genetic analyses. As clinical manifestations widely vary with the different entities, corneal dystrophies should be suspected when corneal transparency is lost or corneal opacities occur spontaneously, particularly in both corneas, and especially in the presence of a positive family history or in the offspring of consanguineous parents.. Superficial corneal dystrophies - Meesmann dystrophy is characterized by distinct tiny bubble-like, punctate opacities that form in the central corneal epithelium and to a lesser extent in the peripheral cornea of both eyes during infancy that persists throughout life. Symmetrical reticular opacities form in the superficial central cornea of both eyes at about 4-5 years of age in Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy. Patient remains asymptomatic until epithelial erosions precipitate acute episodes of ocular ...
Kayser-Fleischer ring
... s are a sign of Wilson's disease, which involves abnormal copper handling by the liver resulting in copper accumulation in the body and is characterised by abnormalities of the basal ganglia of the brain, liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly, involuntary movements, muscle rigidity, psychiatric disturbances, dystonia and dysphagia. The combination of neurological symptoms, a low blood ceruloplasmin level and KF rings is diagnostic of Wilson's disease.[1] Other causes of KF rings are cholestasis (obstruction of the bile ducts), primary biliary cirrhosis and "cryptogenic" cirrhosis (cirrhosis in which no cause can be identified).[1] ...
Conjunctivitis
... , also known as pink eye, is inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid.[3] It makes the eye appear pink or reddish.[1] Pain, burning, scratchiness, or itchiness may occur.[1] The affected eye may have increased tears or be "stuck shut" in the morning.[1] Swelling of the white part of the eye may also occur.[1] Itching is more common in cases due to allergies.[2] Conjunctivitis can affect one or both eyes.[1] The most common infectious causes are viral followed by bacterial.[2] The viral infection may occur along with other symptoms of a common cold.[1] Both viral and bacterial cases are easily spread between people.[1] Allergies to pollen or animal hair are also a common cause.[2] Diagnosis is often based on signs and symptoms.[1] Occasionally, a sample of the discharge is sent for culture.[1] Prevention is partly by handwashing.[1] Treatment depends on the underlying cause.[1] In the majority of viral cases, there is no ...
Bietti's crystalline dystrophy
BCD is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.[2] This means the defective gene responsible for the disorder is located on an autosome, and two copies of the defective gene (one inherited from each parent) are required in order to be born with the disorder. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive disorder both carry one copy of the defective gene, but usually do not experience any signs or symptoms of the disorder. BCD is associated with mutations in the CYP4V2 gene.[2] The nematode C. elegans has a duplicated gene (cyp31A2 and cyp31A3) that are orthologous of the human gene. These genes code for cytochrome P450s involved in fatty acid synthesis.[7] ...
Keratoconjunctivitis
... photoelectrica" (arc eye) means inflammation caused by photoelectric UV light. It is a type of ultraviolet keratitis. Such UV exposure can be caused by arc welding without wearing protective eye glass, or by high altitude exposure from sunlight reflected from snow ("snow blindness"). The inflammation will only appear after about 6 to 12 hours. It can be treated by rest, as the inflammation usually heals after 24-48 hours. Proper eye protection should be worn to prevent keratoconjunctivitis photoelectrica ...
Color blindness
Based on clinical appearance, color blindness may be described as total or partial. Total color blindness is much less common than partial color blindness.[5] There are two major types of color blindness: difficulty distinguishing between red and green, and difficulty distinguishing between blue and yellow.[6][7] Immunofluorescent imaging is a way to determine red-green color coding. Conventional color coding is difficult for individuals with red-green color blindness (protanopia or deuteranopia) to discriminate. Replacing red with magenta or green with turquoise improves visibility for such individuals.[8] The different kinds of inherited color blindness result from partial or complete loss of function of one or more of the three different cone systems. When one cone system is compromised, dichromacy results. The most frequent forms of human color blindness result from problems with either the middle (green) or long (red) wavelength sensitive cone systems, and make it hard to discriminate reds, ...
Madarosis
There is currently researching being done to find more treatments dependent on the different pre-existing conditions. Studies are being conducted in which madarosis can be related to malignancy. A study by Groehler and Rose found that there was a statistical significance between these two. They concluded that patients malignancy lesions on the eyelid have a higher chance of having madarosis than a patient with a benign lesion. They stated that despite the fact that it is significant, the absence of madarosis does not mean the lesion cannot be malignant.[10] In many leprosy cases, madarosis is a symptom or a quality after diagnosis. However, in India, leprosy is common and researchers report a case of madarosis before diagnosis of leprosy with no skin lesions, only madarosis. This allowed for quicker treatment.[11] A main reason many people have madarosis is due to the chemotherapy drugs. There was a clinical trial in 2011 that tested an eyelash gel called bimatoprost. This gel enhanced the ...
Anisometropia - Wikipedia
In a study performed on 53 children who had amblyopia due to anisometropia, surgical correction of the anisometropia followed ... Secondly, different criteria have been employed to define anisometropia, and the boundary between anisometropia and isometropia ... of subjects aged 6 to 18 have anisometropia. Antimetropia is a rare sub-type of anisometropia, in which one eye is myopic ( ... Anisometropia follows a U-shape distribution according to age: it is frequent in infants aged only a few weeks, is more rare in ...
Search of: 'Anisometropia' | 'Respiratory System Agents' - Modify Search - ClinicalTrials.gov
Anisometropia | definition of anisometropia by Medical dictionary
... anisometropia explanation free. What is anisometropia? Meaning of anisometropia medical term. What does anisometropia mean? ... Looking for online definition of anisometropia in the Medical Dictionary? ... compound myopic anisometropia See anisomyopia.. mixed anisometropia See antimetropia.. simple anisometropia Anisometropia in ... anisometropia. Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Wikipedia. anisometropia. [an-i″so-mĕ-tro´pe-ah] inequality in the ...
Amblyopia more common and severe in young children with higher-magnitude anisometropia - American Academy of Ophthalmology
This retrospective observational study found that young children with higher magnitudes of anisometropia had a higher ... Of those with anisometropia, 640 (65.7 percent) had amblyopia, which the authors defined as a two-line difference in verbal ... The authors found that more than 80 percent of children with less than 2 D of anisometropia had no or only mild amblyopia, but ... The studys authors also found that low-magnitude anisometropia in children younger than age three might not predispose them to ...
Risk Factors for Persistence of Infantile Anisometropia | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Non-hyperopic anisometropia is significantly higher and is more often associated with amblyopia than hyperopic anisometropia. ... Marked infantile anisometropia at the first visit was a significant risk factor for marked anisometropia that persisted through ... Children with non-hyperopic anisometropia had 5.97±4.77D anisometropia at the first visit, which is significantly higher than ... Eight had marked anisometropia (≥3D). Risk factors evaluated were: initial amount of anisometropia; presence/absence of ...
All biometric components are important in anisometropia, not just axial length | British Journal of Ophthalmology
... lens power and anterior chamber depth are related to anisometropia as well. More than 10% of changes in anisometropia can be ... The correlation of anisometropia with axial length asymmetry was 0.735, 0.273 with corneal power, 0.183 with anterior chamber ... Background No study to date has looked into the relationship between ocular biometrics with anisometropia exclusively; ... Conclusions Axial length asymmetry has the strongest correlation with anisometropia; nonetheless, other components of ocular ...
Prevalence and Associations of Anisometropia in Children | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Anisometropia showed a U-shaped correlation with refractive error. Prevalence of anisometropia (defined as an anisometropia ≥ 1 ... It fits with the findings in our study that the amount of hyperopic anisometropia, as well as of cylindrical anisometropia, was ... In the final model (r: 0.34), higher cylindrical anisometropia was associated with higher refractive anisometropia (P , 0.001; ... In contrast, hyperopic anisometropia and cylindrical anisometropia were not related with lifestyle parameters. ...
GMS | 104th DOG Annual Meeting | Pediatric excimer laser refractive surgery - PRK and LASEK for high myopic anisometropia and...
PRK and LASEK, are effective and safe methods to reduce high myopic anisometropia in children aged 4 to 15 years and to improve ... Group 2: Thirty two patients aged 4 to 7 years (mean, 5.35 years) with high myopic anisometropia and amblyopia had performed ... Pediatric excimer laser refractive surgery - PRK and LASEK for high myopic anisometropia and amblyopia: Results of 11-year ... for high myopic anisometropia and contact lens intolerance in 58 children treated from January 1995 in the categories of ...
Long term effect of hypermetropic anisometropia on the visual acuity of treated amblyopic eyes | British Journal of...
... in achieving visual acuity of 20/40 in amblyopic eyes with strabismic anisometropia or anisometropia.11 Sen reported ... AMOUNT OF ANISOMETROPIA AND LONG TERM VISUAL ACUITY DETERIORATION. Deterioration in visual acuity was seen in both groups at ... In children with anisometropia, the final visual acuity was found to be significantly related to the difference in spherical ... CONCLUSIONS Hypermetropic anisometropia greater than 1.50 dioptres appears to be a risk factor for deterioration of visual ...
The biofeedback correction of unsteady and eccentric fixation in amblyopia associated with strabismus and anisometropia -...
p,The biofeedback correction of unsteady and eccentric fixation in amblyopia associated with strabismus and anisometropia,/p,, ... The biofeedback correction of unsteady and eccentric fixation in amblyopia associated with strabismus and anisometropia. ... The biofeedback correction of unsteady and eccentric fixation in amblyopia associated with strabismus and anisometropia ...
Anisometropia
... this is a unique subset of anisometropia called antimetropia. Anisometropia is actually fairly common. An estimated 20% of ... and then to meet the technical criteria of anisometropia the difference between the right and left eye is two or more diopters ... Anisometropia is the condition in which the two eyes have unequal refractive (glasses) power. The name is derived from Greek ... Types of Anisometropia. Simple Anisometropia. Simple anisometropia occurs when only one eye has a refractive error. The eye can ...
Monofixation Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Adult patients who have no microtropia, uncorrected mild anisometropia (meridional or hyperopic anisometropia), subnormal ... Anisometropia. Blurred image on one macula due to uncorrected refractive error leads to unilateral suppression scotoma and mild ... Adults with subnormal stereovision, mild anisometropia, and subtle asymmetry in best-corrected vision may have undiagnosed ... Tomac S. Monofixation syndrome and anisometropia. Ophthalmology. 2002 Jan. 109(1):3-4. [Medline]. ...
Anisometropia - Shiv Nadar University Health Center
Anisometropia may be absolute or relative.. * Absolute anisometropia:In this condition, refractive power of the two eyes is not ... Anisometropia may be congenital or acquired.. *Congenital and developmental anisometropia: This is produced due to differential ... Compound astigmatic anisometropia: Both eyes are astigmatic with unequal degree.. * Relative anisometropia:It is that ... Anisometropia due to refractive myopia or hypermetropia is known as refractive anisometropia and that due to axial ametropia is ...
Anisometropia - Shaw Lens Inc. - Aniseikonia Solved
Amblyopia from anisometropia without strabismus].
| DIAL.pr - BOREAL
Yüksel, Demet ; Spiritus, M ; Vandelannoitte, S ; Hoffmann, D. [Amblyopia from anisometropia without strabismus].. In: Bulletin ... In all cases, anisometropia was totally corrected by prescribing glasses. Anisometropic amblyopia was considered to be present ... Amblyopia was present in 86% of the patients and was found with all types of anisometropia. It was more severe in ... Amblyopia ; Sensory Deprivation ; Strabismus ; Visual Acuity ; Anisometropia ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eyeglasses ; Follow- ...
Phakic intraocular lenses : Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Pediatric ametropia/anisometropia. Chipont et al. (J Cataract Refract Surg.2001;17(4):460-2) reported a case of myopic ... to correct anisometropia. Binocular functions with development of fusional abilities and stereopsis were observed in two of ... and astigmatism in 36 eyes of 35 patients who were contact lens intolerant or unable to wear glasses due to anisometropia and/ ... concluded that Verisyse PIOL may be a treatment option to prevent dense amblyopia in children with high myopic anisometropia. ...
Neonatal dacryostenosis as a risk factor for anisometropia<...
Piotrowski, J. T., Diehl, N. N., & Mohney, B. G. (2010). Neonatal dacryostenosis as a risk factor for anisometropia. Archives ... Piotrowski, Joshua T. ; Diehl, Nancy N. ; Mohney, Brian G. / Neonatal dacryostenosis as a risk factor for anisometropia. In: ... Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of Neonatal dacryostenosis as a risk factor for anisometropia. Together they form a ... Piotrowski, JT, Diehl, NN & Mohney, BG 2010, Neonatal dacryostenosis as a risk factor for anisometropia, Archives of ...
Anisometropia, Ametropia and Amblyopia and Their Effect on Near Visual Acuity
Amblyopia is well known to be associated with anisometropia and ametropia. However, all anisometropes and ametropes are not ... Amblyopia; Ametropia; Anisometropia INTRODUCTION. Amblyopia is defined as a decrease of visual acuity for which no cause can be ... Anisometropia - 63%. Table 3: Prevalence of amblyopia in the following scenario.. On further classifying the results according ... So, we can sum up the findings of this study by quoting that anisometropia and ametropia in the absence of any other pathology ...
I HAD A LYMPHOMA/14 | HubPages
Visual outcome in 879 children treated for strabismus: insufficient accommodation and vision deprivation, deficient...
In hypermetropes only, anisometropia was associated with worse amblyopia. Astigmatism was associated with myopia and low levels ... Difference in amplitude of accommodation between the eyes was largest in hypermetropes with anisometropia , +1.50 D and was ... In hypermetropes only, anisometropia was associated with worse amblyopia. Astigmatism was associated with myopia and low levels ... Accommodation, Ocular, Anisometropia, Eye Movements, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hyperopia, Infant, Refraction, Ocular, Sensory ...
Bifocal Contact Lenses
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opia | Define -opia at Dictionary.com
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Adelaide Research & Scholarship: Anisometropia in an adult population in rural Myanmar: The Meiktlla eye study
Prevalence of anisometropia (, or =1.0 D) in all participants was 35.3% (95% CI 32.7-37.9%); severe anisometropia (, or =2.0 D ... were significantly correlated with the severity of anisometropia.,h4,Conclusions,/h4,Prevalence of anisometropia is relatively ... The severity of anisometropia was defined as the absolute difference of the spherical equivalent between the two eyes.,h4, ... h4,Purpose,/h4,To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anisometropia in a rural adult population in central Myanmar., ...
Journal of Refractive Surgery | May 2011 Issue
StrabismusVisual acuityAstigmatismMyopiaUnequalHyperopicAmount of anisometropiaMyopic anisometropiaTypes of anisometropiaAmetropiaOcularConclusionsAntimetropiaAniseikoniaHypermetropicRisk factors of anisometropiaPrevalenceDefinition of anisometropiaTreatment for AnisometropiaDevelopment of anisometropiaRelationship between anisometropiaRefractionSignificantlySevereSimple anisometropiaInfantile anisometropiaSignificant anisometropiaDiplopiaEyesCause amblyopiaCataractBilateralAsymmetrySubnormalAnisomyopiaChildrenDifferenceContact lensesLazy eye
Strabismus12
- Amblyopia from anisometropia without strabismus]. (uclouvain.be)
- A considerable amount of literature supports the fact that refractive error alone, be it anisometropia or ametropia, in the absence of strabismus is a risk factor for development of amblyopia [1-5]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
- Visual outcome in 879 children treated for strabismus: insufficient accommodation and vision deprivation, deficient emmetropisation and anisometropia. (ox.ac.uk)
- 4 Amblyogenic risk factors include anisometropia (significant difference in refractive error between the 2 eyes), strabismus, media opacity, and ptosis. (aappublications.org)
- 6-8 Asymmetry of the pupillary red reflexes between the 2 eyes is strongly predictive of the amblyogenic risk factors of anisometropia, strabismus, or media opacity. (aappublications.org)
- Riviera Beach, FL) photoscreener photograph may indicate anisometropia, strabismus (including microstrabismus), or other amblyogenic risk factors. (aappublications.org)
- Specifically I am interested in research aimed at understanding the impact of amblyopia upon those who live with it, and understanding the aetiology of amblyopia and its typically associated conditions of strabismus and anisometropia. (brad.ac.uk)
- The association between anisometropia, amblyopia, and binocularity in the absence of strabismus. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The purpose of this research study is to learn more about how amblyopia (sometimes called "lazy eye"), strabismus (misaligned eyes), and anisometropia (unequal refractive power) affect the visual system and to evaluate the visual deficits in both amblyopic eye and non-amblyopic eye. (ski.org)
- Participants 97 children with a confirmed diagnosis of amblyopia associated with strabismus, anisometropia, or both. (bmj.com)
- The main causes include anisometropia, strabismus, or a combination of both factors. (hindawi.com)
- Strabismus is the leading cause, followed by anisometropia. (allaboutvision.com)
Visual acuity10
- Of those with anisometropia, 640 (65.7 percent) had amblyopia, which the authors defined as a two-line difference in verbal recognition visual acuity measured with linear Allen, HOTV, or Snellen. (aao.org)
- Final visual acuity and binocular vision outcomes may be significantly better in children up to 7 years who receive a permanent surgical correction of anisometropia than patients treated by contact lenses. (egms.de)
- AIM To evaluate the effect of the extent of hypermetropic anisometropia on the long term visual acuity results in amblyopic eyes following their treatment by occlusion. (bmj.com)
- RESULTS Deterioration of visual acuity after cessation of occlusion treatment occurred in 51% of the patients in the group with a small amount of anisometropia and in 75% of the patients in the group with a large amount. (bmj.com)
- CONCLUSIONS Hypermetropic anisometropia greater than 1.50 dioptres appears to be a risk factor for deterioration of visual acuity in the long term, following treatment of amblyopic eyes by occlusion of the fellow eye. (bmj.com)
- In the present study we considered an additional variable, the amount of hypermetropic anisometropia, as a possible risk factor and examined its long term effect on the deterioration of visual acuity in eyes that had earlier been treated for amblyopia. (bmj.com)
- Adult patients who have no microtropia, uncorrected mild anisometropia (meridional or hyperopic anisometropia), subnormal stereovision, and a subtle difference in visual acuity likely have monofixation syndrome. (medscape.com)
- In myopic anisometropia, one expects the distance visual acuity in each eye to be lower than normal, the more myopic eye having the poorer visual acuity. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- In hypermetropic anisometropia, the visual acuity of both eyes is relatively good as long as the patient has sufficient accommodation. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- So, we can sum up the findings of this study by quoting that anisometropia and ametropia in the absence of any other pathology cause amblyopia which is equal for distance as well as near visual acuity. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Astigmatism2
- This form of anisometropia is caused by high astigmatism (also called cylinder) correction in one eye. (seevividly.com)
- Refractive amblyopia includes anisometropia, bilateral high ametropia, and meridional astigmatism. (scielo.br)
Myopia5
- Often each eye is nearsighted (myopia) or farsighted (hyperopia), and then to meet the technical criteria of anisometropia the difference between the right and left eye is two or more diopters (the inverse of a meter, which is how an optical lens power is described). (seevividly.com)
- Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that cataract, myopia, but not age, were associated with anisometropia. (edu.au)
- Myopia and cataract, but not increasing age, are the potential risk factors of anisometropia in this population. (edu.au)
- Results: Here, we report a case of congenital myopia, anisometropia, and obesity in a patient with a SLIT2 point mutation. (elsevier.com)
- In addition, myopia (nearsightedness) and anisometropia (unequal refractive power) can be diagnosed with an examination at a distance. (heine.com)
Unequal7
- Anisometropia is when two eyes have unequal refractive power. (wikipedia.org)
- Anisometropia is the condition in which the two eyes have unequal refractive (glasses) power. (seevividly.com)
- Anisometropia is an optical state with unequal refraction of the two eyes. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- The word anisometropia is derived from the Greek words anisos (unequal), metron (measure), and ops (vision). (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Anisometropia occurs because of uncorrected unequal refractive error between fellow eyes. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- Anisometropia means that the two eyes have a different refractive power, so there is unequal focus between the two eyes. (essilor.com)
- Among our investigations, we are exploring the use of adult corneal and refractive techniques in the treatment of anisometropia (unequal refractive power) and corneal scarring in children, the epidemiology of refractive disorders and anterior segment development. (chla.org)
Hyperopic10
- Antimetropia is a rare sub-type of anisometropia, in which one eye is myopic (nearsighted) and the other eye is hyperopic (farsighted). (wikipedia.org)
- In the only longitudinal study of infantile anisometropia, Abrahamsson & Sjostrand (1996) studied astigmatic children with infantile hyperopic anisometropia and found that marked anisometropia (defined as anisometropia ≥3D) at 1 year of age is related to amblyopia. (arvojournals.org)
- Children with non-hyperopic anisometropia had 5.97±4.77D anisometropia at the first visit, which is significantly higher than hyperopic type anisometropia (1.90±1.08D). Overall, 10/28 (36%) children with infantile anisometropia developed amblyopia, including 5 children who had marked anisometropia at the initial visit. (arvojournals.org)
- Non-hyperopic anisometropia is significantly higher and is more often associated with amblyopia than hyperopic anisometropia. (arvojournals.org)
- In the same multivariate model, hyperopic anisometropia was not significantly associated with time spent indoors with reading ( P = 0.18). (arvojournals.org)
- Compound anisometropia occurs when both eyes are either hyperopic (farsighted) or myopic (nearsighted), however, there is still a significant difference in the refractive errors of the two eyes. (seevividly.com)
- Antimetropia (sometimes called mixed anisometropia ) occurs when both eyes have refractive errors but one is myopic (nearsighted), and the other is hyperopic (farsighted). (seevividly.com)
- 001) refractive error was significantly more hyperopic in those with both CNLDO and anisometropia compared with those with CNLDO alone. (elsevier.com)
- or =1 D hyperopic anisometropia and ocular disease affecting vision. (nih.gov)
- Aniseikonia can occur naturally or be induced by the correction of a refractive error, usually anisometropia (having significantly different refractive errors between each eye) or antimetropia (being myopic (nearsighted) in one eye and hyperopic (farsighted) in the other. (wikipedia.org)
Amount of anisometropia1
- If the amount of anisometropia is large and is not corrected, the patient's visual system (the visual portion of the thalamus, visual cortex , and other processing parts of the brain) may not develop correctly. (seevividly.com)
Myopic anisometropia6
- compound myopic anisometropia See anisomyopia . (thefreedictionary.com)
- simple anisometropia Anisometropia in which one eye is emmetropic and the other either hypermetropic ( simple hypermetropic anisometropia ) or myopic ( simple myopic anisometropia ). (thefreedictionary.com)
- To evaluate the visual and refractive outcomes of multizonal photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK) for high myopic anisometropia and contact lens intolerance in 58 children treated from January 1995 in the categories of obligatory and functional indications. (egms.de)
- Group 2: Thirty two patients aged 4 to 7 years (mean, 5.35 years) with high myopic anisometropia and amblyopia had performed multizonal PRK (13 eyes) or LASEK (19 eyes) on the more myopic eye in general anesthesia, Excimer laser Nidek EC 5000 was used. (egms.de)
- PRK and LASEK, are effective and safe methods to reduce high myopic anisometropia in children aged 4 to 15 years and to improve amblyopia in children aged 4 to 7 years, when contact lens intolerance. (egms.de)
- In myopic anisometropia, hypermetropic anisometropia and antimetropia, the individual may not have complaint of asthenopia (eyestrain) and the anisometropia may be discovered during routine eye examination only. (universityhealthcenter.in)
Types of anisometropia2
- In certain types of anisometropia, the visual cortex of the brain will not use both eyes together (binocular vision), and will instead suppress the central vision of one of the eyes. (wikipedia.org)
- Amblyopia was present in 86% of the patients and was found with all types of anisometropia. (uclouvain.be)
Ametropia3
- Amblyopia is well known to be associated with anisometropia and ametropia. (heraldopenaccess.us)
- 95 patients of 10-35 years were included in the study that had anisometropia or ametropia of greater than 1 diopter. (heraldopenaccess.us)
- 2. All patients with refractive error in one eye (anisometropia) or both eyes (ametropia) of more than 1 diopter. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Ocular4
- therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between anisometropia and ocular biometrics. (bmj.com)
- nonetheless, other components of ocular biometrics such as corneal power, lens opacity, lens power and anterior chamber depth are related to anisometropia as well. (bmj.com)
- More than 10% of changes in anisometropia can be explained with changes in factors other than asymmetry of ocular biometrics and lens opacity. (bmj.com)
- The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in anterior segment ocular parameters in anisometropia >1 D. (bvsalud.org)
Conclusions1
- Conclusions: The development of anisometropia with or without amblyopia seems to be more frequent in children examined by an ophthalmologist for CNLDO compared with that reported for the general public. (elsevier.com)
Antimetropia2
- mixed anisometropia See antimetropia . (thefreedictionary.com)
- Although much less common, it is possible to have one nearsighted and one farsighted eye - this is a unique subset of anisometropia called antimetropia. (seevividly.com)
Aniseikonia4
- For those with large degrees of anisometropia, the wearing of standard spectacle may cause the person to experience a difference in image magnification between the two eyes (aniseikonia) which could also prevent the development of good binocular vision. (wikipedia.org)
- One cause of significant anisometropia and subsequent aniseikonia has been aphakia. (wikipedia.org)
- For some patients the removal was only performed on one eye, resulting in the anisometropia / aniseikonia. (wikipedia.org)
- citation needed] Optical aniseikonia due to anisometropia can be corrected by spectacles, contact lenses or refractive corneal surgeries. (wikipedia.org)
Hypermetropic4
- compound hypermetropic anisometropia See anisohypermetropia . (thefreedictionary.com)
- Patients were divided into two groups-those with a small amount of hypermetropic anisometropia, where the spherical equivalent difference between the eyes ranged between 0 and +1.50 dioptres, and those with a large amount of hypermetropic anisometropia, where the difference was +1.75 dioptres or greater. (bmj.com)
- However, some cases of hypermetropic anisometropia may have asthenopia due to their inability to focus simultaneously. (universityhealthcenter.in)
- As little as 1 D of anisometropia has been reported to be associated with hypermetropic anisometropic amblyopia but majority believes that an error of 2.5 D is consistently associated with amblyopia [6-8]. (heraldopenaccess.us)
Risk factors of anisometropia1
- The MTI photoscreener may be a more sensitive method than the Brückner reflex to screen for the common amblyogenic risk factors of anisometropia and microstrabismus by easier detection of red reflex asymmetry. (aappublications.org)
Prevalence8
- This retrospective observational study found that young children with higher magnitudes of anisometropia had a higher prevalence and greater depth of amblyopia. (aao.org)
- To determine the prevalence and risk factors for anisometropia in a rural adult population in central Myanmar. (edu.au)
- There was no significant gender difference in anisometropia prevalence or severity. (edu.au)
- Prevalence and severity of anisometropia were significantly associated with age. (edu.au)
- Prevalence of anisometropia is relatively high in this rural adult population in Myanmar. (edu.au)
- During the study period, the prevalence of anisometropia increased significantly. (medindia.net)
- For each of the four prescription components, the prevalence of anisometropia approximately doubled. (medindia.net)
- Dr Haegerstrom-Portnoy and coauthors cite previous studies showing that the prevalence of anisometropia in children is only two to four percent. (medindia.net)
Definition of anisometropia1
- As the participants approached 80 years of age, 32 percent met the study definition of anisometropia. (medindia.net)
Treatment for Anisometropia2
- Treatment for anisometropia primarily involves correcting the refractive difference between the eyes . (seevividly.com)
- How much would treatment for anisometropia or strabismic amblyopia cost? (healthtap.com)
Development of anisometropia1
- The study focused on the development of anisometropia, defined as a significant difference (one diopter or more) in prescription (refractive error) between the two eyes in one of four components. (medindia.net)
Relationship between anisometropia1
- The relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia. (brad.ac.uk)
Refraction1
- Generally, anisometropia is considered to exist if the refraction differs by 1.0 dioptres (D) or more for the two eyes. (universityhealthcenter.in)
Significantly3
- This form of anisometropia causes both eyes to see blurry images, but one eye's vision will be significantly blurrier. (seevividly.com)
- 0.001) were significantly correlated with the severity of anisometropia. (edu.au)
- anisometropia Condition where the eyes have a significantly different refractive power from each other, so the prescription required for good vision will be different for each eye. (allaboutvision.com)
Severe3
- The authors found that more than 80 percent of children with less than 2 D of anisometropia had no or only mild amblyopia, but 60 percent of those with at least 4 D of anisometropia had moderate or severe amblyopia. (aao.org)
- More severe cases of anisometropia may not respond as well to glasses. (seevividly.com)
- Glasses are prescribed when amblyopia is caused by severe refractive errors and/or anisometropia (when one eye sees more clearly than the other). (kidshealth.org)
Simple anisometropia2
- Simple anisometropia occurs when only one eye has a refractive error. (seevividly.com)
- Simple anisometropia causes one eye to see a blurry image while the other eye sees a clear image. (seevividly.com)
Infantile anisometropia3
- Here we investigated a broader range of infantile anisometropia longitudinally. (arvojournals.org)
- Marked infantile anisometropia before 2 years of age is likely to persist and presents a high risk for amblyopia. (arvojournals.org)
- Abrahamsson M, Sj?strand J. Natural history of infantile anisometropia. (universityhealthcenter.in)
Significant anisometropia1
- They write, "Whatever the cause of the increase in anisometropia with aging, the fact that significant anisometropia is at least ten times more common in those over 75 years of age than in children needs to be clearly emphasized to clinicians. (medindia.net)
Diplopia2
- Uncorrected anisometropia of low amounts may cause eyestrain or diplopia. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Anisometropia can also result in diplopia (double vision). (seevividly.com)
Eyes4
- The severity of anisometropia was defined as the absolute difference of the spherical equivalent between the two eyes. (edu.au)
- This study included 202 eyes of 101 subjects ranging from 10 to 40 years of age with anisometropia of 1 D or more. (bvsalud.org)
- A recent study on a follow-up in older adults showed a high rate of anisometropia, or differing levels of visual abnormalities between eyes, which may contribute to falls in elderly. (medindia.net)
- Difference in sharpness of vision between the eyes (refractive anisometropia). (mayoclinic.org)
Cause amblyopia1
- Sometimes, having different vision strengths in each eye - known as anisometropia - can cause amblyopia. (kidshealth.org)
Cataract1
- This patient had a typical outcome from her bilateral cataract surgery, with a resultant 1.75D of anisometropia. (shawlens.com)
Bilateral1
- Neither bilateral high refractive error at the first visit nor treatment was a significant risk factor for persistence of anisometropia. (arvojournals.org)
Asymmetry1
- Adults with subnormal stereovision, mild anisometropia, and subtle asymmetry in best-corrected vision may have undiagnosed monofixation syndrome. (medscape.com)
Subnormal1
- Weakley Jr D R. The association between nonstrabismic anisometropia, amblyopia, and subnormal binocularity. (universityhealthcenter.in)
Anisomyopia1
- In 4- to 18-year-old children, refractive anisometropia and anisomyopia increased with systemic parameters such as age, parental education level, and lifestyle of the children, for example, more time spent indoors reading or writing. (arvojournals.org)
Children8
- The study's authors also found that low-magnitude anisometropia in children younger than age three might not predispose them to amblyopia, whereas children aged three to five years with low-magnitude anisometropia often experienced moderate amblyopia. (aao.org)
- To conduct the study, the authors identified 974 children with anisometropia greater than 1 D in one meridian and complete data among 199,079 children up to age 72 months screened through a statewide preschool vision photoscreening program over a nine-year period. (aao.org)
- Children who have anisometropia may not show any symptoms. (seevividly.com)
- The InfantSEE program was created to help encourage early eye exams in children to catch conditions such as anisometropia . (seevividly.com)
- Fifty non-strabismic children with primary anisometropia were reviewed retrospectively. (uclouvain.be)
- Thirty children (9.8%) were diagnosed as having anisometropia with (n=16) or without (n=14) amblyopia at a median age of 19.2 months (range, 3.6 months to 7.4 years). (elsevier.com)
- Our active program of research includes studies into the use of adult corneal and refractive techniques in treatment of anisometropia and corneal scarring in children, the epidemiology of refractive disorders and anterior segment development. (chla.org)
- it is therefore important to identify young children with anisometropia so that the condition can be treated before the development of amblyopia. (health.gov.au)
Difference3
- Generally a difference in power of two diopters or more is the accepted threshold to label the condition anisometropia. (wikipedia.org)
- In spherical anisometropia a minimum difference of 1.25 DS may be significant. (mrcophth.com)
- As the degree of anisometropia increased, there was significant positive correlation in the difference in AL in myopes (r = 0.863, p (bvsalud.org)
Contact lenses1
- The benefit of using contact lenses in anisometropia does not just relate to the acuity now, but also to the potential for life-long best-corrected acuity improvements. (thefreedictionary.com)
Lazy eye1
- In brief, anisometropia is one of the causes of amblyopia (lazy eye). (seevividly.com)