Variations on a theme: diversification of cuticular hydrocarbons in a clade of cactophilic Drosophila. (1/73)

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Morphological and behavioral evidence for adaptive diversification of sympatric Hawaiian limpets (Cellana spp.). (2/73)

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Epistasis, phenotypic disequilibrium and contrasting associations with climate in the land snail Theba pisana. (3/73)

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Predator-induced morphological plasticity across local populations of a freshwater snail. (4/73)

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Influence of Echinostoma paraensei (Lie and Basch, 1967) infection on the calcium content in Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818). (5/73)

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Learning and discrimination of cuticular hydrocarbons in a social insect. (6/73)

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Differences in predatory pressure on terrestrial snails by birds and mammals. (7/73)

The evolution of shell polymorphism in terrestrial snails is a classic textbook example of the effect of natural selection in which avian and mammalian predation represents an important selective force on gene frequency. However, many questions about predation remain unclear, especially in the case of mammals. We collected 2000 specimens from eight terrestrial gastropod species to investigate the predation pressure exerted by birds and mice on snails. We found evidence of avian and mammalian predation in 26.5% and 36.8% of the shells. Both birds and mammals were selective with respect to snail species, size and morphs. Birds preferred the brown-lipped banded snail Cepaea nemoralis (L.) and mice preferred the burgundy snail Helix pomatia L. Mice avoided pink mid-banded C. nemoralis and preferred brown mid-banded morphs, which were neglected by birds. In contrast to mice, birds chose larger individuals. Significant differences in their predatory pressure can influence the evolution and maintenance of shell size and polymorphism of shell colouration in snails.  (+info)

Biologically inspired crack delocalization in a high strain-rate environment. (8/73)

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