A drug-metabolizing, cytochrome P-450 enzyme which catalyzes the hydroxylation of aniline to hydroxyaniline in the presence of reduced flavoprotein and molecular oxygen. EC 1.14.14.-.
Alkylating anti-neoplastic agent.
Phenols substituted in any position by an amino group.
Elimination of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES and other waste using living organisms, usually involving intervention of environmental or sanitation engineers.
Alkaloid isolated from seeds of Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic Parkinson disease in the 1920's.
A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.
A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222)
The creation of an amine. It can be produced by the addition of an amino group to an organic compound or reduction of a nitro group.
A genus of gram-negative, strictly aerobic chemoorganotrophic bacteria, in the family COMAMONADACEAE.
A group of 1,2-benzenediols that contain the general formula R-C6H5O2.
The presence of methemoglobin in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. A small amount of methemoglobin is present in the blood normally, but injury or toxic agents convert a larger proportion of hemoglobin into methemoglobin, which does not function reversibly as an oxygen carrier. Methemoglobinemia may be due to a defect in the enzyme NADH methemoglobin reductase (an autosomal recessive trait) or to an abnormality in hemoglobin M (an autosomal dominant trait). (Dorland, 27th ed)
A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.
Benzene derivatives that include one or more hydroxyl groups attached to the ring structure.
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
A species of gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria found ubiquitously and formerly called Comamonas acidovorans and Pseudomonas acidovorans. It is the type species of the genus DELFTIA.
Inorganic or organic compounds that contain sulfur as an integral part of the molecule.
A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Spectroscopic method of measuring the magnetic moment of elementary particles such as atomic nuclei, protons or electrons. It is employed in clinical applications such as NMR Tomography (MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING).
Organic compounds that have a relatively high VAPOR PRESSURE at room temperature.
An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.
A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.
Substances that increase the risk of NEOPLASMS in humans or animals. Both genotoxic chemicals, which affect DNA directly, and nongenotoxic chemicals, which induce neoplasms by other mechanism, are included.
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ETHYLMORPHINE-N-DEMETHYLASE and used as an indicator of liver function.
A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.
Substances or organisms which pollute the water or bodies of water. Use for water pollutants in general or those for which there is no specific heading.
The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
The reaction of two molecular entities via oxidation usually catalyzed by a transition metal compound and involving dioxygen as the oxidant.
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Oxidases that specifically introduce DIOXYGEN-derived oxygen atoms into a variety of organic molecules.
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
The study of the structure, preparation, properties, and reactions of carbon compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
A genus of gram-negative bacteria of the family MORAXELLACEAE, found in soil and water and of uncertain pathogenicity.
Placing of a hydroxyl group on a compound in a position where one did not exist before. (Stedman, 26th ed)
A high-molecular-weight polymeric elastomer derived from the milk juice (LATEX) of HEVEA brasiliensis and other trees and plants. It is a substance that can be stretched at room temperature to at least twice its original length and after releasing the stress, retract rapidly, and recover its original dimensions fully.
A colorless liquid used as a solvent and an antiseptic. It is one of the ketone bodies produced during ketoacidosis.
An azo dye with carcinogenic properties.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.
Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Nitrogen mustard analog of quinacrine used primarily as a stain in the studies of chromosomes and chromatin. Fluoresces by reaction with nucleic acids in chromosomes.

Relationship between L-type Ca2+ current and unitary sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release events in rat ventricular myocytes. (1/1809)

1. The time courses of Ca2+ current and Ca2+ spark occurrence were determined in single rat ventricular myocytes voltage clamped with patch pipettes containing 0.1 microM fluo-3. Acquisition of line-scan images on a laser scanning confocal microscope was synchronized with measurement of Cd2+-sensitive Ca2+ currents. In most cells, individual Ca2+ sparks were observed by reducing Ca2+ current density with nifedipine (0.1-8 microM). 2. Ca2+ sparks elicited by depolarizing voltage-clamp pulses had a peak [Ca2+] amplitude of 289 +/- 3 nM with a decay half-time of 20.8 +/- 0.2 ms and a full width at half-maximum of 1.40 +/- 0.03 microm (mean +/- s. e.m., n = 345), independent of the membrane potential. 3. The time between the beginning of a depolarization and the initiation of each Ca2+ spark was calculated and data were pooled to construct waiting time histograms. Exponential functions were fitted to these histograms and to the decaying phase of the Ca2+ current. This analysis showed that the time constants describing Ca2+ current and Ca2+ spark occurrence at membrane potentials between -30 mV and +30 mV were not significantly different. At +50 mV, in the absence of nifedipine, the time constant describing Ca2+ spark occurrence was significantly larger than the time constant of the Ca2+ current. 4. A simple model is developed using Poisson statistics to relate macroscopic Ca2+ current to the opening of single L-type Ca2+ channels at the dyad junction and to the time course of Ca2+ spark occurrence. The model suggests that the time courses of macroscopic Ca2+ current and Ca2+ spark occurrence should be closely related when opening of a single L-type Ca2+ channel initiates a Ca2+ spark. By comparison with the data, the model suggests that Ca2+ sparks are initiated by the opening of a single L-type Ca2+ channel at all membrane potentials encountered during an action potential.  (+info)

RSR13, an allosteric effector of haemoglobin, and carbogen radiosensitize FSAII and SCCVII tumours in C3H mice. (2/1809)

Pre-clinical evaluation has demonstrated that 2-[4-(((3,5-dimethylanilino)carbonyl)methyl)phenoxy]-2-methylpropi onic acid (RSR13) acts as an allosteric effector of haemoglobin (Hb). RSR13 binding to Hb results in decreased haemoglobin-oxygen (Hb-O2) affinity, improved tumour oxygenation, and enhanced radiation-induced cell killing in several experimental tumour systems. In the present work, ex vivo clonogenic survival analyses are applied in two murine tumour systems to characterize the relationship between the magnitude of decrease in Hb-O2 affinity and radiosensitization, the influence of inspired pO2 upon this effect, and the efficacy of combining RSR13 and radiation during a course of repeated radiation exposures. For FSaII tumours in C3H mice breathing air, 100 mg kg(-1) RSR13 administered intraperitoneally produced an enhancement ratio (ER) of 1.3, but there was marked desensitization at a RSR13 dose of 300 mg kg(-1) (ER 0.6). The most likely reason for the increased radioresistance was insufficient oxygen loading of Hb in the pulmonary circulation due to reduced haemoglobin-oxygen affinity because carbogen breathing combined with 300 mg kg(-1) RSR13 reversed the effect and produced an ER of 1.8. In SCCVII tumours in C3H mice irradiated with eight fractions of 2.5 Gy over 4 days, the surviving fraction was reduced to 58-67% of control values when RSR13 was combined with radiation on days 1 and 2, days 3 and 4, or days 1-4. These results confirm that combining RSR13 and irradiation within a fractionated course of clinically relevant low-dose exposures provides significant radiosensitization. Additional preclinical experimentation is needed to define better the optimum dose-scheduling conditions for clinical applications.  (+info)

Preservation of canine myocardial high-energy phosphates during low-flow ischemia with modification of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity. (3/1809)

Conventional approaches for the treatment of myocardial ischemia increase coronary blood flow or reduce myocardial demand. To determine whether a rightward shift in the hemoglobin-oxygen saturation curve would reduce the metabolic and contractile effects of a myocardial oxygen-supply imbalance, we studied the impact of a potent synthetic allosteric modifier of hemoglobin-oxygen affinity, a 2-[4-[[(3,5-disubstituted anilino)carbonyl]methyl] phenoxy] -2-methylproprionic acid derivative (RSR13), during low-flow ischemia. Changes in myocardial high-energy phosphate levels and pH were studied by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in 12 open-chest dogs randomized to receive RSR13 or vehicle control during a reversible reduction of left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery blood flow. Changes in cardiac metabolites and regional ventricular function studied by pressure segment-length relations were also investigated in additional animals before and after RSR13 administration during low-flow LAD ischemia. The intravenous administration of RSR13 before ischemia resulted in a substantial increase in the mean hemoglobin p50 and attenuated the decline in cardiac creatine phosphate/adenosine triphosphate (PCr/ATP), percent PCr, and pH during ischemia without a change in regional myocardial blood flow, heart rate, or systolic blood pressure. RSR13 given after the onset of low-flow ischemia also improved cardiac PCr/ATP ratios and regional function as measured by fractional shortening and regional work. Thus, synthetic allosteric reduction in hemoglobin-oxygen affinity may be a new and important therapeutic strategy to ameliorate the metabolic and functional consequences of cardiac ischemia.  (+info)

Transient and steady-state kinetics of the oxidation of substituted benzoic acid hydrazides by myeloperoxidase. (4/1809)

Myeloperoxidase is the most abundant protein in neutrophils and catalyzes the production of hypochlorous acid. This potent oxidant plays a central role in microbial killing and inflammatory tissue damage. 4-Aminobenzoic acid hydrazide (ABAH) is a mechanism-based inhibitor of myeloperoxidase that is oxidized to radical intermediates that cause enzyme inactivation. We have investigated the mechanism by which benzoic acid hydrazides (BAH) are oxidized by myeloperoxidase, and we have determined the features that enable them to inactivate the enzyme. BAHs readily reduced compound I of myeloperoxidase. The rate constants for these reactions ranged from 1 to 3 x 10(6) M-1 s-1 (15 degrees C, pH 7.0) and were relatively insensitive to the substituents on the aromatic ring. Rate constants for reduction of compound II varied between 6.5 x 10(5) M-1 s-1 for ABAH and 1.3 x 10(3) M-1 s-1 for 4-nitrobenzoic acid hydrazide (15 degrees C, pH 7.0). Reduction of both compound I and compound II by BAHs adhered to the Hammett rule, and there were significant correlations with Brown-Okamoto substituent constants. This indicates that the rates of these reactions were simply determined by the ease of oxidation of the substrates and that the incipient free radical carried a positive charge. ABAH was oxidized by myeloperoxidase without added hydrogen peroxide because it underwent auto-oxidation. Although BAHs generally reacted rapidly with compound II, they should be poor peroxidase substrates because the free radicals formed during peroxidation converted myeloperoxidase to compound III. We found that the reduction of ferric myeloperoxidase by BAH radicals was strongly influenced by Hansch's hydrophobicity constants. BAHs containing more hydrophilic substituents were more effective at converting the enzyme to compound III. This implies that BAH radicals must hydrogen bond to residues in the distal heme pocket before they can reduce the ferric enzyme. Inactivation of myeloperoxidase by BAHs was related to how readily they were oxidized, but there was no correlation with their rate constants for reduction of compounds I or II. We propose that BAHs destroy the heme prosthetic groups of the enzyme by reducing a ferrous myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide complex.  (+info)

A comparison of electron-capture GLC, electrolytic-conductivity GLC and UV-absorption HPLC for the analysis of some herbicides in foods. (5/1809)

A comparison of gas chromatography with electron-capture or electrolytic-conductivity (nitrogen mode) detection, and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV-absorption detection (254 nm) was carried out for the analysis of several herbicides in foods. Linuron, propanil, terbacil, benzoylprop-ethyl, and the fungicide DCNA in samples of cabbage, corn, potato, and wheat spiked at 2 and 0.2 ppm were examined. The pesticides were extracted with acetone, partitioned into petroleum ether-methylene chloride, and cleaned up on a 2% deactivated Florisil column before direct chromatographic analysis. Electron-capture gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) was most suitable for DCNA and benzoylprop-ethyl while UV-absorption HPLC was best for terbacil analysis. Linuron and propanil gave similar results for both electron-capture GLC and HPLC. Electrolytic-conductivity GLC could detect all pesticides at the 0.2 ppm level and exhibited the least number of extraneous peaks in the chromatograms.  (+info)

Effects of NTE-122, a novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, on cholesterol esterification and secretions of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoprotein and bile acids in HepG2. (6/1809)

We studied the effect of NTE-122 (trans-1,4-bis[[1-cyclohexyl-3-(4-dimethylamino phenyl) ureido]methyl]cyclohexane), a novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, on intracellular cholesterol esterification and the secretion of apolipoprotein B100 (apoB)-containing lipoprotein and bile acids in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. NTE-122 markably inhibited [3H]oleate incorporation into cholesteryl esters in HepG2 cells incubated with 5 microg/ml 25-hydroxycholesterol as a stimulus for ACAT (IC50=6.0 nM). On the other hand, NTE-122 did not affect [3H]oleate incorporation into triglycerides and phospholipids and [14C]acetate incorporation into cholesterol. The stimulation of ACAT by 25-hydroxycholesterol caused significant increases in the secretion of radiolabeled cholesteryl esters, radiolabeled triglycerides and apoB mass. NTE-122 pronouncedly inhibited the secretion of radiolabeled cholesteryl esters in proportion to the inhibition of cellular cholesterol esterification, and it significantly reduced the secretion of radiolabeled triglycerides and apoB mass in HepG2 cells incubated with 25-hydroxycholesterol. Furthermore, NTE-122 increased the secretion of bile acids synthesized from [14C]-cholesterol. These results suggest that NTE-122 is capable of exhibiting anti-hyperlipidemic effects by reducing both the cholesterol content and the amount of secreted very low-density lipoprotein and enhancing the excretion of bile acid from the liver.  (+info)

Effects of NTE-122, a novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor, on cholesterol esterification and high-density lipoprotein-induced cholesterol efflux in macrophages. (7/1809)

We investigated the effects of a novel acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor, NTE-122 (trans-1,4-bis[[1-cyclohexyl-3-(4-dimethylamino phenyl)ureido]methyl]cyclohexane), on ACAT activities in macrophages originating from several species and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-induced cholesterol efflux in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-treated THP-1 cells. NTE-122 inhibited cell-free ACAT activities in human PMA-treated THP-1 cells and mouse J774.1 cells with IC50 values of 0.88 and 360 nM, respectively. NTE-122 competively inhibited the ACAT activity in PMA-treated THP-1 cells. NTE-122 also inhibited cellular ACAT activities in PMA-treated THP-1 cells, rat peritoneal macrophages and J774.1 cells with IC50 values of 3.5, 84 and 6800 nM, respectively. Furthermore, NTE-122 prevented cholesterol accumulation in PMA-treated THP-1 cells incubated with acetylated low density lipoprotein, simultaneously with HDL, while it caused accumulation of a significant amount of free cholesterol in the absence and even in the presence of HDL. NTE-122 also enhanced HDL-induced cholesterol efflux from established foam cells converted from PMA-treated THP-1 cells. These results suggest that NTE-122, capable of inhibiting macrophage ACAT activity in humans more strongly than those in the other species, exhibits anti-atherogenic effects by preventing the foam cell formation and enhancing the foam cell regression in humans.  (+info)

Regulation of Ca2+ transport by sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase at limiting [Ca2+]. (8/1809)

The factors regulating Ca2+ transport by isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) vesicles have been studied using the fluorescent indicator Fluo-3 to monitor extravesicular free [Ca2+]. ATP, in the presence of 5 mM oxalate, which clamps intravesicular [Ca2+] at approximately 10 microM, induced a rapid decline in Fluo-3 fluorescence to reach a limiting steady state level. This corresponds to a residual medium [Ca2+] of 100 to 200 nM, and has been defined as [Ca2+]lim, whilst thermodynamic considerations predict a level of less than 1 nM. This value is similar to that measured in intact muscle with Ca2+ fluophores, where it is presumed that sarcoplasmic free [Ca2+] is a balance between pump and leaks. Fluorescence of Fluo-3 at [Ca2+]lim was decreased 70% to 80% by histidine, imidazole and cysteine. The K0.5 value for histidine was 3 mM, suggesting that residual [Ca2+]lim fluorescence is due to Zn2+. The level of Zn2+ in preparations of SR vesicles, measured by atomic absorption, was 0.47+/-0.04 nmol/mg, corresponding to 0.1 mol per mol Ca-ATPase. This is in agreement with findings of Papp et al. (Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 243 (1985) 254-263). Histidine, 20 mM, included in the buffer, gave a corrected value for [Ca2+]lim of 49+/-1.8 nM, which is still higher than predicted on thermodynamic grounds. A possible 'pump/leak' mechanism was tested by the effects of varying active Ca2+ transport 1 to 2 orders with temperature and pH. [Ca2+]lim remained relatively constant under these conditions. Alternate substrates acetyl phosphate and p-NPP gave similar [Ca2+]lim levels even though the latter substrate supported transport 500-fold slower than with ATP. In fact, [Ca2+]lim was lower with 10 mM p-NPP than with 5 mM ATP. The magnitude of passive efflux from Ca-oxalate loaded SR during the steady state of [Ca2+]lim was estimated by the unidirectional flux of 45Ca2+, and directly, following depletion of ATP, by measuring release of 40Ca2+, and was 0.02% of Vmax. Constant infusion of CaCl2 at [Ca2+]lim resulted in a new steady state, in which active transport into SR vesicles balances the infusion rate. Varying infusion rates allows determination of [Ca2+]-dependence of transport in the absence of chelating agents. Parameters of non-linear regression were Vmax=853 nmol/min per mg, K0.5(Ca)=279 nM, and nH(Ca)=1.89. Since conditions employed in this study are similar to those in the sarcoplasm of relaxed muscle, it is suggested that histidine, added to media in studies of intracellular Ca2+ transients, and in the relaxed state, will minimise contribution of Zn2+ to fluophore fluorescence, since it occurs at levels predicted in this study to cause significant overestimation of cytoplasmic free [Ca2+] in the relaxed state. Similar precautions may apply to non-muscle cells as well. This study also suggests that [Ca2+]lim in the resting state is a characteristic feature of Ca2+ pump function, rather than a balance between active transport and passive leakage pathways.  (+info)

There are several possible causes of methemoglobinemia, including:

1. Exposure to certain medications or chemicals, such as nitrates or aniline dyes.
2. Genetic disorders that affect the production or function of hemoglobin.
3. Infections, such as bacterial infections of the blood or respiratory tract.
4. Poor nutrition or malnutrition.
5. Certain chronic medical conditions, such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia.

Methemoglobinemia can be diagnosed through a variety of tests, including:

1. Complete blood count (CBC) to measure the levels of methemoglobin in the blood.
2. Blood gas analysis to measure the partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.
3. Co-oximetry to measure the levels of methemoglobin and other forms of hemoglobin.
4. Urine tests to check for the presence of abnormal hemoglobin.
5. Genetic testing to identify inherited disorders that may be causing the condition.

Treatment of methemoglobinemia depends on the underlying cause and may include:

1. Administration of oxygen therapy to increase the amount of oxygen in the blood.
2. Use of medications to reduce the levels of methemoglobin and increase the levels of normal hemoglobin.
3. Transfusions of red blood cells to replace abnormal hemoglobin with normal hemoglobin.
4. Management of underlying medical conditions, such as infections or genetic disorders.
5. Dietary changes to address any nutritional deficiencies that may be contributing to the condition.

In severe cases of methemoglobinemia, hospitalization may be necessary to provide oxygen therapy and other treatments. In some cases, patients with methemoglobinemia may require long-term management and follow-up care to prevent complications and manage the underlying cause of the condition.

Notable examples include: The production of aniline compounds. General oxidizing agent. Victor Meyer type nucleophilic ... Silver nitrite is an inorganic compound with the formula AgNO2. Silver nitrite has many applications. ... substitution reactions with organobromides or organoiodides forming nitro compounds. Nitroalkene synthesis with nitryl iodide ...
Aniline derivatives are converted to a diazo compounds. Baudisch, O. (1940). "A New Chemical Reaction with the Nitrosyl Radical ...
... bladder cancer in dye workers exposed to aniline compounds; and leukemia and lymphoma in chemical workers exposed to benzene. ...
The coupler compounds (couplers) are meta-substituted derivatives of aniline. They come in three major classes based on the ... 2) Reaction of this diimine with a coupler compound (more detail below). 3) Oxidation of the resulting compound to give the ... These compounds produce broad-band absorption when they react to form dyes, allowing for more natural-looking hair colors. The ... Semi-permanent hair color uses compounds of lower molecular weight than are found in temporary hair color dyes. These dyes are ...
The three compounds seriously discussed are ethylene, aniline, and dinitrophenol. Even at low levels, these organic chemical ... This phenomenon cuts off entry of carbon dioxide, thereby making the plant rely on stored compounds like sugar. If the heat ... Organic Air Pollutants: this subsection focuses on organic compounds. ... compounds have caused: abnormal dropping of foliage, twisted foliage, and killing of seedlings. This was proposed by Fritz Führ ...
Reduction of this nitro compound affords the aniline. Sulfonation with oleum gives 4-amino-5-methoxy-2-methylbenzenesulfonic ... The compound features both amine and methoxy functional groups. It is used as an intermediate in preparation of dyes and ... The compound is obtained in several steps from 4-chlorotoluene. Nitration gives mainly 3-nitro-4-chlorotoluene, which reacts ... para-Cresidine is an organic compound with the formula CH3OC6H3(CH3)NH2. It is a white solid that is soluble in organic ...
The resulting nitro compound is reduced to the aniline. Trimethylaniline is a building block to a variety of bulky ligands. ... 2,4,6-Trimethylaniline is an organic compound with formula (CH3)3C6H2NH2. It is an aromatic amine that is of commercial ... N-heterocyclic carbenes, as found in 2nd generation Grubbs' catalyst, are also prepared from this compound. Gerald Booth (2007 ... "Nitro Compounds, Aromatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_411. ...
... is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is ... In commerce, three brands of aniline are distinguished: aniline oil for blue, which is pure aniline; aniline oil for red, a ... Aniline is a weak base. Aromatic amines such as aniline are, in general, much weaker bases than aliphatic amines. Aniline ... The chemistry of aniline is rich because the compound has been cheaply available for many years. Below are some classes of its ...
Aniline 5 is converted to compound 6, in three steps; conversion to an ortho-aminothiol through the Herz-reaction (aniline 5 ... In a last step the nitrile is hydrolysed resulting in 6. This compound is converted to 7 via a ring-closing reaction and ... The compound, (thioindoxyl, 7) is an important intermediate in the organic synthesis of some dyes. Condensation with ... The Herz reaction, named after the chemist Richard Herz, is the chemical conversion of an aniline-derivative (1) to a so-called ...
Aromatic nitriles are often prepared in the laboratory from the aniline via diazonium compounds. This is the Sandmeyer reaction ... Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons. Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group ... The first compound of the homolog row of nitriles, the nitrile of formic acid, hydrogen cyanide was first synthesized by C. W. ... In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The prefix cyano- is used ...
Anilines, Trifluoromethyl compounds, All stub articles, Aromatic compound stubs). ... 3-(Trifluoromethyl)aniline is an organic compound with the formula CF3C6H4NH2. It is one of three isomers of ...
... s (or phenylamides) are a class of chemical compounds, which are amide derivatives of aniline. Aniline reacts with acyl ... For example, reaction of aniline with acetyl chloride provides acetanilide (CH3-CO-NH-C6H5). At high temperatures, aniline and ...
Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C 6H 5NH 2. Aniline (data page) Aniline may also refer to: Mauveine (also known ... as aniline dye), the first synthetic organic dye Aniline leather, leather treated with aniline as a dye Aniline Yellow, a ... a mixture of methyl blue and water blue Aniline point, the temperature at which equal volumes of aniline and diesel oil are ... Look up aniline in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... yellow azo dye and an aromatic amine Aniline Blue WS, ...
... can degrade phenolic compounds and aniline, which are often pollutants of soil and water. Delftia ... "Degradation of Aniline by Delftia tsuruhatensis 14S in Batch and Continuous Processes". Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology. ...
... is the organic compound N,N-diethyl-p-(phenylazo)aniline. It is an azo dye, which has the appearance of a ... and to Aniline Yellow. It is used to dye hydrocarbon solvents, oils, fats, waxes (candles), notably petrol, mineral oil and ...
... is the organic compound with the formula C6H5N(SO2CF3)2. It is a white solid. The compound ...
... is an aromatic organic chemical in the glycidyl compound family. It is used to reduce the viscosity of epoxy ... N-diglycidylaniline with aniline and substituted anilines". Polymer. 33 (11): 2392-2401. doi:10.1016/0032-3861(92)90533-3. ISSN ... This diglycidyl compound being basic and nitrogen based, does not need this type of catalyst. One of the quality control tests ... It has the empirical formula C12H15NO2 and the IUPAC name is N,N-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)aniline. The CAS number is 2095-06-9. It ...
N,N-Dimethylaniline (DMA) is an organic chemical compound, a substituted derivative of aniline. It consists of a tertiary amine ... DMA is also used as a precursor to other organic compounds. A study of the in vitro metabolism of N,N-dimethylaniline using ... 2007) "Aniline" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. John Wiley & Sons: New York. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_303 ... DMA was first reported in 1850 by the German chemist A. W. Hofmann, who prepared it by heating aniline and iodomethane: C6H5NH2 ...
The reaction of the diazonium compound derived from aniline with hypophosphorus acid gives benzene. Alkyne trimerisation of ... He gave the compound the name benzin. In 1836, the French chemist Auguste Laurent named the substance "phène"; this word has ... Many important chemical compounds are derived from benzene by replacing one or more of its hydrogen atoms with another ... The aromatic compounds. Benzene.), pp. 125-129. Archived 2020-03-10 at the Wayback Machine See further: Thiele (1901) "Zur ...
The compound is obtained by azo coupling of aniline and acetoacetanilide or their derivatives. The class of compounds was ... Arylide yellow, also known as Hansa yellow and monoazo yellow, is a family of organic compounds used as pigments. They are ... and aniline (acetoacetanilide precursor) to produce medium yellows. Pigment Yellow 3 (CAS# 6486-23-3), derived from 4-chloro-2- ...
Polymerization of substituted anilines, phenols, and heterocyclic compounds by peroxidase in organic solvents. Columbus, Ohio: ... On the other hand, for an enzyme such as cytochrome c peroxidase, the compounds that donate electrons are very specific, due to ... Other studies have shown that peroxidases may be used successfully to polymerize anilines and phenols in organic solvent ... For example, horseradish peroxidase can use a variety of organic compounds as electron donors and acceptors. Horseradish ...
Schomaker, Jennifer M (1998). Synthesis of aniline derivatives of 2,4,6-trihalopyrimidines: compounds with potential biological ... Her master's research involved the synthesis of aniline derivatives of trihalopyrimidines. She completed her master's research ...
Chemically, it is an organic compound consisting of an aniline derivatized with a sulfonamide group. Powdered sulfanilamide was ...
Aniline absorbs in the K (220 - 250 nm) and the B (250 - 290 nm) bands exhibited by benzenoid compounds. The K and B bands ... See also: m-xylene (data page) p-xylene (data page) Aniline is a benzenoid compound. The NH2 group attached to the benzene ring ... When dissolved in ethanol, λmax for aniline is 230 nm, but in dilute aqueous acid λmax is 203 nm. In the latter case the ... This page provides supplementary chemical data on aniline. The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. ...
The compound is a derivative of aniline, consisting of an amine bound to two phenyl groups. The compound is a colorless solid, ... Diphenylamine was discovered by A. W. Hofmann in 1864 amongst the products of dry distillation of aniline dyes; it was first ... T. Kahl, K.-W. Schröder, F. R. Lawrence, W. J. Marshall, Hartmut Höke, Rudolf Jäckh, "Aniline" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of ... Diphenylamine is manufactured by the thermal deamination of aniline over oxide catalysts: 2 C6H5NH2 → (C6H5)2NH + NH3 It is a ...
... is a mild methylating agent, useful for dimethylation of anilines and related heterocyclic compounds. The ... It has some specialized uses in the production of other compounds. Trimethyl phosphate is prepared by treating phosphorus ... 5, p. 1085 J. Svara, N. Weferling, T. Hofmann "Phosphorus Compounds, Organic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry ...
The Doebner-Miller reaction is the organic reaction of an aniline with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to form quinolines. ... Bergström, F. W. (1944). "Heterocyclic Nitrogen Compounds. Part IIA. Hexacyclic Compounds: Pyridine, Quinoline, and ... β-unsaturated carbonyl compound is prepared in situ from two carbonyl compounds (via an Aldol condensation), the reaction is ... elimination of one aniline molecule through 8 and rearomatization leads to final product 9. Because α-amino protons are not ...
Electron-rich aromatic compounds, such as phenols, anilines, and various aromatic heterocycles, can be brominated using NBS. ... Side reactions include the formation of α-bromoketones and dibromo compounds. These can be minimized by the use of freshly ... 6, p. 190 Stotter, P. L.; Hill, K. A. (1973). "α-Halocarbonyl compounds. II. Position-specific preparation of α-bromoketones by ... 10, p. 128 Djerassi, Carl (1948). "Brominations with N-Bromosuccinimide and Related Compounds. The Wohl-Ziegler Reaction". Chem ...
... s are chemical compounds which consist of an aniline ring substituted with two chlorine atoms and have the ... As aniline derivatives, they are named with the amino group in position 1. They are all colorless, although commercial samples ... Thomas Kahl, Kai-Wilfrid Schröder, F. R. Lawrence, W. J. Marshall, Hartmut Höke, Rudolf Jäckh "Aniline" in Ullmann's ...
... is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2C(O)NHC6H5. It is the acetoacetamide derivative of aniline. ... It and many related compounds (prepared from various aniline derivatives) are used in the production of organic pigments called ... Acetoacetanilide is prepared by acetoacetylation of aniline using diketene. To make the dyes, acetoacetanilides are coupled to ...
Between 1889 and 1895 Menshutkin focused on amines, on the kinetics of their interaction with alkyl halogen compounds and its ... rate of chemical change was studied in the case of the formation of amides and anilides by the action of ammonia and aniline on ... March 1866 against Aleksandr Butlerov and Dmitri Mendeleev and in autumn began teaching a course on organic nitrogen compounds ...
The compounds responsible for the reaction were named schaefferal A and B to honor Schäffer. Schäffer is the only mycologist of ... A positive reaction of Schaeffer's test, which uses the reaction of aniline and nitric acid on the surface of the mushroom, is ...
Carcinogenic nitrogen compounds. Part XXIV. The synthesis of indole and quinoline compounds from cyclic ketones". J. Chem. Soc ... The charged aniline forms a decent enough leaving group for an electrophilic cyclization to form intermediate 5, which quickly ... is a chemical reaction that forms a 2-aryl-indole from an α-bromo-acetophenone and excess aniline; it is named after August ... Murray Modified Indole Synthesis The first two step involve the reaction of the α-bromo-acetophenone with molecules of aniline ...
... is the chemical compound with the formula C6H5NHNH2. It is often abbreviated as PhNHNH2. It is also found in ... Phenylhydrazine is prepared by oxidizing aniline with sodium nitrite in the presence of hydrogen chloride to form the diazonium ...
... is a relatively toxic compound with a permissible exposure limit of 0.5 mg/m3. Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : ... It is one of three isomers of anisidine, methoxy-containing anilines. It is prepared by reduction of 4-nitroanisole. p- ... p-Anisidine (or para-anisidine) is an organic compound with the formula CH3OC6H4NH2. A white solid, commercial samples can ... Anilines, Hazardous air pollutants, IARC Group 3 carcinogens). ...
Anilines, Quaternary ammonium compounds, All stub articles, Antiinfective agent stubs). ...
The ferro-gallic compounds through a gradual oxidation process cause an observable gradual colour change to grey/black whilst ... 3.5 g china-blue aniline dye (water-soluble) 1000 cm3 distilled water The Popular Science iron gall writing ink article also ... These modern iron gall inks contain a small amount of ferro-gallic compounds and are also more likely to have a formulation ... The ferric ions react with the tannic acid or some derived compound (possibly gallic acid or pyrogallol) to form a polymeric ...
The versatility of the Sonogashira reaction makes it a widely used reaction in the synthesis of a variety of compounds. One ... This coupling can be carried out starting from anilines by formation of the diazonium salt followed by in situ Sonogashira ... In an inverse Sonogashira coupling the reactants are an aryl or vinyl compound and an alkynyl halide. In some cases ... The 1,3-enyne moiety is an important structural unit for biologically active and natural compounds.[citation needed] It can be ...
The contaminant materials are largely converted into stable inorganic compounds such as water, carbon dioxide and salts, i.e. ... Enric Brillasa; Eva Mur; Roser Sauleda; Laura Sànchez; José Peral; Xavier Domènech; Juan Casado (March 1998). "Aniline ... AOPs hold several advantages in the field of water treatment: They can effectively eliminate organic compounds in aqueous phase ... subsequent attacks on compound F will continue until the fragments are all converted into small and stable molecules like H2O ...
"The Systematic Identification of Organic Compounds" R.L. Shriner, C.K.F. Hermann, T.C. Morrill, D.Y. Curtin, and R.C. Fuson ... The formation of a brominated phenol (i.e. 2,4,6-tribromophenol) or aniline(i.e. 2,4,6-tribromoaniline) in form of a white ... Presence of unsaturation and/or phenol or aniline in the sample is shown by disappearance of the deep brown coloration of ... phenols and anilines. An unknown sample is treated with a small amount of elemental bromine in an organic solvent, being as ...
... , also known as tribulin, is an organic compound derived from indole with formula C8H5NO2. The compound was first ... The method involves the condensation between chloral hydrate and a primary arylamine (e.g. aniline), in the presence of ... This represent the indigo pigment's red component and a highly effective cytotoxic compound. Reduction of the non-amide ... a compound widely used either in herbicide products and in medicinal chemistry. Dimerization of isatin with KBH4 in methanol ...
Azophenin, C30H24N4, is prepared by warming quinone dianil with aniline, by melting together quinone, aniline and aniline ... The indulines are prepared as mentioned above from aminoazo compounds, or by condensing oxy- and amido-quinones with phenylated ... When warmed with aniline it yields anilido-aposafranine, which may also be obtained by the direct oxidation of ortho- ... a similar intermediate compound being found shortly afterwards in the naphthalene series. ...
Anilines, All stub articles, Organic compound stubs, Agriculture stubs). ...
Like most organochlorine compounds, chloroethanol releases hydrochloric acid and phosgene when burned. In regards to dermal ... Several dyes are prepared by the alkylation of aniline derivatives with chloroethanol. It is also used for manufacture of ... 2-Chloroethanol (also called ethylene chlorohydrin or glycol chlorohydrin) is an organic chemical compound with the formula ...
DMACA on www.bd.com (Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Multiple chemicals in an infobox that need indexing, ... Anilines, Drug testing reagents, Histology, Staining dyes). ... useful for localization of proanthocyanidins compounds in ...
The imine in this organic reaction is a condensation reaction product from an aniline type compound and a benzaldehyde type ... Treatment of these compounds with TBAF invokes a ring-expansion that provides the corresponding benzazepines. One variation of ... The reaction mechanism for the Povarov reaction to the quinoline is outlined in scheme 1. In step one aniline and benzaldehyde ... Scheme 4 depicts this 4 component reaction with the ethyl ester of glyoxylic acid, 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, aniline and ethanol ...
... is the organic compound with the formula C6H5NO. It is one of the prototypical organic nitroso compounds. ... Condensation with anilines affords azobenzene derivatives in a reaction known as the Mills reaction. Reduction of ... "Asymmetric O− and N− Nitroso Aldol Reaction - an efficient access to a-oxy and a-amino carbonyl compound" (PDF). (CS1 maint: ... Yamamoto, Hisashi; Momiyama, Norie (2005). "Rich chemistry of nitroso compounds". Chemical Communications (28): 3514-3525. doi: ...
aniline Aniline dyes or basic dyes are a class of synthetic dyes derived from coal tar, first discovered in the 19th century. ... dye Dyes are color-bearing organic compounds that can be dissolved in water or another liquid so that they will penetrate ... mauveine Mauveine or aniline purple was the first synthetic organic chemical dye. mignonette Same as weld. mordant A mordant is ... Because of poor colorfastness, aniline dyes are seldom used with textiles today. archil Archil is a dye produced from the ...
Krug M, Straube G (1986). "Degradation of phenolic compounds by the yeast Candida tropicalis HP 15. II. Some properties of the ... Aoki K, Konohana T, Shinke R, Nishira H (1984). "Two catechol 1,2-dioxygenases from aniline-assimilating bacterium, Frateuria ... 2-CTD in the last step of the degradation of aromatic compounds to aliphatic products. Two families of dioxygenases were ... "Chemical structure and biodegradability of halogenated aromatic compounds. Two catechol 1,2-dioxygenases from a 3- ...
Anilines, All stub articles, Aromatic compound stubs). ...
Chemical articles with multiple compound IDs, Chemicals using indexlabels, Chemical articles with multiple PubChem CIDs, ECHA ... Anilines, Phenols, Benzenesulfonates). ...
... from aniline, which in turn could be easily obtained from coal tar; over the next ten years Perkin set up the first industrial ... that was the actual effective fraction of a traditional natural compound obtained by "soft" methods has been exemplary for the ...
Anilines, Nitriles, Trifluoromethyl compounds, All stub articles, Organic compound stubs). ... 4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline, also known as 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile, is a cyanated and ... trifluoromethylated derivative of aniline. It is the starting material in one of the chemical syntheses of the nonsteroidal ...
A frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) is a compound or mixture containing a Lewis acid and a Lewis base that, because of steric ... aniline Release of the cis-alkene With internal alkynes, a competitive reaction occurs where the proton bound to the nitrogen ... When a solution of the FLP was covered by an atmosphere of CO2 at room temperature, the FLP-CO2 compound immediately ... Heating the intermolecular FLP-CO2 compound in bromobenzene at 80 °C under vacuum for 5 hours caused the release of around half ...
The DNC molecule was therefore considered as a marker compound in residue studies. Nicarbazin, present long enough in the world ... Anilines, Nitrobenzenes, Pyrimidones). ... a compound consisting of covered maize grains with nicarbazin ( ... suggested the use of this compound for pigeon birth control. In a study conducted in 1993, 40 pairs of pigeons were used, ... the information published on Nicarbazin reports that it is a compound with non-toxic effects. The following table 3 gives a ...
It was also observed that increasing the bulk of the R group on the diketone and using methoxy-substituted anilines leads to ... Hexacyclic Compounds: Pyridine, Quinoline, and Isoquinoline". Chem. Rev. 35 (2): 156. doi:10.1021/cr60111a001. Alyamkina, E.A ... It involves the condensation of unsubstituted anilines (1) with β-diketones (2) to form substituted quinolines (4) after an ... Sloop focused specifically on the influences that substituted trifluoro-methyl-β-diketones and substituted anilines would have ...
The aliphatic nitro compounds normally show weak molecular ion peaks, while the aromatic nitro compounds give a strong peak. ... For anilines, they prefer to lose a hydrogen atom before the expulsion of HCN. The principle fragmentation mode is the loss of ... the distribution of these peaks can be used to assign the spectrum to the correct compound. For example, two compounds with ... For aromatic carbonyl compounds, Alpha-cleavages are favorable primarily to lose G· (M - 1,15, 29…) to form the C6H5CO+ ion (m/ ...
Text; Format: print Publication details: London : Monitoring and Assessment Research Centre, 1986Availability: Items available for loan: WHO HQ (1)Call number: QV 632 86HE. Not available: WHO HQ: Withdrawn (1). ...
Aniline Compounds * Benzothiazoles * flutemetamol Grant support * RB13-0192/Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning ...
... bladder cancer in dye workers exposed to aniline compounds; leukemia and lymphoma in chemical workers exposed to benzene; ... of new chemical compounds, and in more severe forms. ...
Aniline Compounds. C. R. Jack, Knopman, D. S., Weigand, S. D., Wiste, H. J., Vemuri, P., Lowe, V., Kantarci, K., Gunter, J. L. ...
Categories: Aniline Compounds Image Types: Photo, Illustrations, Video, Color, Black&White, PublicDomain, CopyrightRestricted 4 ...
... aniline, etc.), and -in being restricted to certain neutral compounds, glycerides, glucosides, and proteids (albumin; palmitin ... a suffixal use of the adverb in, extracted from sit-in, forming compound nouns, usually from verbs, referring to organized ... indicating a neutral organic compound, including proteins, glucosides, and glyceridesinsulin; digitoxin; tripalmitin ...
Aniline and the test compound were dissolved in the test medium at concentrations of 45 mg/L SP 703 and 26 mg/L aniline ... The reference compound aniline reached complete biodegradation during the first seven exposure days. At the end of the test, ... The reference compound Aniline reached complete biodegradation during the first seven exposure days. At the end of the test ( ... aniline. Preliminary study:. Test substance concentration was based on the DOC-values from a pre-test.. Key result. Parameter: ...
Aniline Compounds [D02.092.146]. *Sulfanilamides [D02.092.146.807]. *Sulfamethoxypyridazine [D02.092.146.807.872]. *Sulfur ...
Drugs or Compounds in Development. Imaging Agents. Information Aggregators. Journal Publishers via MeSH. ...
... an organic compound that is a derivative of aniline. A study published in May 2009 in the medical journal Dermatitis listed the ...
Aniline blue-stained fungal structures as observed under a compound microscope. Note the profuse and sparse fungal growth on ...
Its old name is aniline. In phenylamine, no other groups are attached to the ring. The formula of phenylamine is C6H﻽5NH2﻽.﻽ ... Taking a general case of a reaction between ethanoyl chloride and a compound XNH2﻽ (where X is hydrogen, an alkyl group, or a ... This particular compound is N-methylethanamide. The N indicates that the substitution is on the nitrogen atom, and not ... The reaction with phenylamine (aniline). Phenylamine is the simplest primary amine in which the -NH2﻽ group is attached ...
Structure-toxicity work on succinimide-based compounds, which demonstrated how structural modification can allow chemicals to ... Mechanisms of bioactivation and cellular toxicity of halogenated anilines, common intermediates in the synthesis of many ... compounds [including pharmaceuticals], and their metabolites.. His recent work has also focused on the role of nutritional ...
... aromatic compounds (benzol, toluene, xylene, aniline, etc.), arsenic compounds, carbon bisulphide, carbon dioxide, carbon ... halogenated compounds, NEC (trichlorethylene, perchlorethylene, methyl chloride, refrigerants, metallic compounds, NEC (lead, ... Chemicals, chemical compounds 39 11. Coal and petroleum products 18 14. Drugs and medicines 13 18. Food products 19 20. Glass ... 51 Soaps, detergents, cleaning compounds, NEC 52 Silica 53 Scrap, debris and waste materials, NEC 54 Steam 55 Textile items, ...
... aniline , C21H39NSi , CID 4136520 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, ...
Oxidative DNA damage by an N-hydroxy metabolite of the mutagenic compound formed from norharman and aniline ... Antioxidant and prooxidant effects of polyphenol compounds on copper-mediated DNA damage ...
TIPS-EBX is a bench-stable, crystalline compound, which makes it particularly user friendly. The Waser laboratory is currently ... thiophenes or anilines. TIPS-EBX was also the reagent of choice for the palladium-catalyzed oxy- and amino-alkynylation of ... until the Waser group reported its use for the gold-catalyzed direct alkynylation of electron-rich aromatic compounds, such as ...
Compounds that include the aminobenzene structure. Preferred term. Aniline Compounds Entry term(s). Anilines Compounds, Aniline ... Aniline Compounds - Preferred Concept UI. M0001215. Scope note. ... Aniline Compounds Descriptor Spanish: Compuestos de Anilina ... Compounds that include the aminobenzene structure.. Allowable Qualifiers:. AD administration & dosage. AE adverse effects. AG ...
Aniline Compounds (3) * DNA (2) * Cell Proliferation (2) * Embryonic Stem Cells (2) ...
Styrenes / Phenylalkylamines / Phenoxy compounds / Phenol ethers / Aniline and substituted anilines / Secondary alkylarylamines ... Organonitrogen compound / Organooxygen compound / Organopnictogen compound / Phenol ether / Phenoxy compound / Phenylalkylamine ... Alkyl aryl ether / Alkyl fluoride / Alkyl halide / Amine / Aniline or substituted anilines / Aromatic homomonocyclic compound ... Aromatic homomonocyclic compounds. External Descriptors. aromatic ether, substituted aniline, secondary amino compound, ...
Gen Aniline Works Inc. Symmetrically substituted azobenzene compounds US3634015A (en) 1970-06-11. 1972-01-11. Eastman Kodak Co ... Gen Aniline Works Inc. Symmetrically substituted azobenzene compounds US3763141A (en) 1968-05-13. 1973-10-02. Eastman Kodak Co ... 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10 * UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] ... Substituted azobenzene compounds US3867147A (en) 1969-05-20. 1975-02-18. Hoechst Co American. Light-sensitive diazo compounds ...
keywords = "Aniline Compounds/administration & dosage, Animals, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration ...
See the Compound Group Population Project for more information on how these groups are determined. ... Hi! Can I get a quote for a GreenScreen Assessment of 2-Fluoro-4-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethanesulfinyl)aniline [100331-02-0]?. ... Scientific hazard lists sometimes specify a chemical group (such as trimethyltin compounds) without a defined list of CASRNs. ... Subscribe to Pharos to download a list of all members of this compound group. ...
The phenolic compounds exhibited the best activity with 80% and 75% QSI at 250 µM and were comparable in activity to the ... positive control compound Fu-30. Computational docking studies performed using the LasR receptor protein of P. aeruginosa ... The quorum sensing inhibition (QSI) activity of the synthesized compounds was determined against a P. aeruginosa MH602 reporter ... The title compound was prepared according to Procedure A from mucobromic acid (1.20 g, 4.65 mmol), aniline (433.3 mg, 4.65 mmol ...
Organic compounds: Acetanilide, pnitroacetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.. *Chemistry involved in the titrimetric excercises ... UNIT 17: CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS: Introduction to co-ordination compounds, Werners theory; ligands, coordination number, ... UNIT 22: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGENS: General methods of preparation, properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; ... UNIT 23: ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING OXYGEN: *General methods of preparation, properties, reactions and uses. ...
Organic compounds: Acetanilide, p-nitro acetanilide, aniline yellow, iodoform.. *The chemistry involved in the titrimetric ... ORGANIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGENS. *General methods of preparation, properties and reactions; Nature of C-X bond; ... Matter and its nature, Daltons atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound: Physical quantities and their ... IUPAC nomenclature of mononuclear co-ordination compounds, isomerism. *Bonding-Valence bond approach and basic ideas of Crystal ...
Accumulating evidence shows that urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be perturbed in many physiological and ... and aniline (98% purity) were used as internal standards, and were all produced by Sigma-Aldrich. Stock solution of these six ... These compounds can be produced by many species of bacteria and fungi from the respective alkanoic acid19. Indeed, the other ... Volatile organic compounds from feces and their potential for diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease. FASEB J. 21, 1675-88 (2007 ...
Heterocyclic Compounds: 60*1-Ring Heterocyclic Compounds*Pyrimidines: 319*Pyrimethamine: 1135*sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: 1076 ... Aniline Compounds: 3*Sulfanilamides: 31*Sulfadoxine: 292*sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: 1076. *Amides: 231*Sulfonamides: 931* ... Sulfur Compounds: 135*Sulfones: 136*Sulfonamides: 931*Sulfanilamides: 31*Sulfadoxine: 292*sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine: 1076 ...
The effects of nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds on human health: a review. Vet Hum Toxicol 35(6):521-38. ... Studies of the efficacy and potential hazards of methylene blue therapy in aniline-induced methaemoglobinaemia. Br J Haematol ... Dietary nitrates, nitrites, and N-nitroso compounds and cancer risk: a review of the epidemiologic evidence. Nutr Rev 56:95-105 ... Toxic methemoglobinemia: a case of acute nitrobenzene and aniline poisoning treated by exchange transfusion. Anaesthesia 32:270 ...
  • Sampling method: Per sampling interval, two flasks of the samples containing the test article or the reference compound, one flask of the inoculum blank and one flask of the toxicity control were taken and analysed for DOC in triplicate. (europa.eu)
  • Structure-toxicity work on succinimide-based compounds, which demonstrated how structural modification can allow chemicals to be used as fungicides or anti-epileptic drugs while removing the risk of kidney toxicity. (phrmafoundation.org)
  • Mechanisms of bioactivation and cellular toxicity of halogenated anilines, common intermediates in the synthesis of many compounds [including pharmaceuticals], and their metabolites. (phrmafoundation.org)
  • Citation: Ress NB, Witt KL, Xu J, Haseman JK, Bucher JR. Micronucleus induction in mice exposed to diazoaminobenzene or its metabolites, benzene and aniline: implications for diazoaminobenzene carcinogenicity. (nih.gov)
  • In a previous study, the metabolite identification (MetID) of LDN-193189 provided very valuable information on the major metabolic "soft" spots of this compound, especially on the formation of metabolites that are known to be associated with safety concerns. (nih.gov)
  • To perform the MetID, the compounds BD1, BD2 and BD3 were incubated in mouse and human microsomes and cytosols, their metabolites were elucidated using LC/UV and mass spectral techniques. (nih.gov)
  • Some suspect that the culprit of the severe skin reactions is p-Phenylenediamine, an organic compound that is a derivative of aniline. (aboutlawsuits.com)
  • 2-Hydroxy-4-pentadecylbenzaldehyde 2 was treated with aromatic amines to get new cardanol aldehyde derivative of Schiff base compounds. (hindawi.com)
  • The aniline formation was avoided by substituting the piperizine moiety for (piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy in BD1, no aniline derivative was observed in its MetID. (nih.gov)
  • Aniline hydrochloride and ortho -anisidine hydrochloride were also classified as probably carcinogenic to humans (Group 2A) because they are in equilibrium with the parent compounds in the body. (who.int)
  • Very little exposure information was found globally for aniline hydrochloride, which can be used as a flux in brazing or soldering operations. (who.int)
  • ortho -anisidine and ortho -anisidine hydrochloride, ortho -nitroanisole, aniline and aniline hydrochloride, and cupferron. (who.int)
  • The results of the recent IARC Monographs evaluation of the carcinogenicity of some aromatic amines and related compounds have now been published in The Lancet Oncology . (who.int)
  • From 25 May to 12 June 2020, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) convened a working group of 19 scientists from 9 countries to evaluate the carcinogenicity of some aromatic amines and related compounds. (who.int)
  • 3. Inhibition of the action of the topoisomerase II poison amsacrine by simple aniline derivatives: evidence for drug-protein interactions. (nih.gov)
  • 18. [Cytotoxicity and interaction of amsacrine derivatives with topoisomerase II: role of the 1' substitute on the aniline nucleus]. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, we merged the two compounds with isolated successes into BD3, which MetID confirmed that it is not susceptible to AO activity nor forms toxic aniline derivatives. (nih.gov)
  • Aniline was previously evaluated as not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3), in IARC Monographs Volume 27, Supplement 7 . (who.int)
  • 194. Synthesis and biological evaluations of 4-beta-mono-, -di-, and -trisubstituted aniline-4'-O-demethyl-podophyllotoxin and related compounds with improved pharmacological profiles. (nih.gov)
  • Synthesis of new heterocyclic Schiff base compounds. (hindawi.com)
  • The LDN-193189 susceptibility on aldehyde oxidase (AO) was addressed by blocking the alfa carbon at the quinoline moiety as in BD2, the MetID confirmed the lack of AO activity for this compound. (nih.gov)
  • Right panel: Aniline blue-stained fungal structures as observed under a compound microscope. (missouristate.edu)
  • The structures of all these compounds were confirmed by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and mass spectral data and have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal activity. (hindawi.com)
  • The relations between mean cortical carbon 11 ((11)C)-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) binding potential values, proportional to the density of fibrillar Abeta binding sites in the brain, concurrent regional brain volumes as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, and both concurrent and longitudinal cognitive performance in multiple domains. (nih.gov)
  • Results of 45 coded compounds tested for the National Toxicology Program. (nih.gov)
  • Scientific hazard lists sometimes specify a chemical group (such as trimethyltin compounds) without a defined list of CASRNs. (pharosproject.net)
  • Aniline is a chemical with a high production volume, and its main industrial use is as a starting material for one type of isocyanate, a chemical that is used to produce polyurethane foam. (who.int)
  • It is a mixture of saturated and unsaturated (mono-, di-, and tri-) compounds. (hindawi.com)
  • Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory: Concept of atom, molecule, element and compound: Physical quantities and their measurements in Chemistry, precision and accuracy, significant figures. (kaysonseducation.co.in)
  • The reference compound aniline reached complete biodegradation during the first seven exposure days. (europa.eu)
  • In this study, we carried out the MetID of backup compounds that were synthesized to overcome LDN-193189 metabolic liabilities. (nih.gov)
  • Accumulating evidence shows that urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) could be perturbed in many physiological and pathological states, including several diseases and different dietary exposures. (nature.com)
  • Antibacterial and antifungal activity of the tested compounds. (hindawi.com)
  • 1993. The effects of nitrate, nitrite and N-nitroso compounds on human health: a review. (cdc.gov)
  • 1996, 61, 6547), the synthetic potential of this reagent remained unexploited until the Waser group reported its use for the gold-catalyzed direct alkynylation of electron-rich aromatic compounds, such as indoles, thiophenes or anilines. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • See the Compound Group Population Project for more information on how these groups are determined. (pharosproject.net)
  • Compounds with the structure of -C=N-(azomethine group) are known as Schiff bases, which are usually synthesized by condensation of primary amines and active carbonyl groups. (hindawi.com)
  • Citation: Ress NB, Witt KL, Xu J, Haseman JK, Bucher JR. Micronucleus induction in mice exposed to diazoaminobenzene or its metabolites, benzene and aniline: implications for diazoaminobenzene carcinogenicity. (nih.gov)
  • Results of search for 'su:{Aniline compounds. (who.int)

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