Angiotensins. Medical search

Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure (VASOCONSTRICTION) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. These include angiotensins derived naturally from precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, and those synthesized.

A heptapeptide formed from ANGIOTENSIN II after the removal of an amino acid at the N-terminal by AMINOPEPTIDASE A. Angiotensin III has the same efficacy as ANGIOTENSIN II in promoting ALDOSTERONE secretion and modifying renal blood flow, but less vasopressor activity (about 40%).

A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.

An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.

A highly specific (Leu-Leu) endopeptidase that generates ANGIOTENSIN I from its precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN, leading to a cascade of reactions which elevate BLOOD PRESSURE and increase sodium retention by the kidney in the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. The enzyme was formerly listed as EC 3.4.99.19.

A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.

A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.

An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of natural angiotensins. Upon successive enzyme cleavages, angiotensinogen yields angiotensin I, II, and III with amino acids numbered at 10, 8, and 7, respectively.

Cell surface proteins that bind ANGIOTENSINS and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.

A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.

An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.

Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Partial proteins formed by partial hydrolysis of complete proteins or generated through PROTEIN ENGINEERING techniques.

A pathological condition manifested by failure to perfuse or oxygenate vital organs.

Antidiuretic hormones released by the NEUROHYPOPHYSIS of all vertebrates (structure varies with species) to regulate water balance and OSMOLARITY. In general, vasopressin is a nonapeptide consisting of a six-amino-acid ring with a cysteine 1 to cysteine 6 disulfide bridge or an octapeptide containing a CYSTINE. All mammals have arginine vasopressin except the pig with a lysine at position 8. Vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor, acts on the KIDNEY COLLECTING DUCTS to increase water reabsorption, increase blood volume and blood pressure.

The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.

Drugs used to cause constriction of the blood vessels.

An angiotensin receptor subtype that is expressed at high levels in a variety of adult tissues including the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, the KIDNEY, the ENDOCRINE SYSTEM and the NERVOUS SYSTEM. Activation of the type 1 angiotensin receptor causes VASOCONSTRICTION and sodium retention.

The physiological widening of BLOOD VESSELS by relaxing the underlying VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

The subtype 2 of angiotensin II receptors and pressure-natriuresis in adult rat kidneys. (1/383)

The present work examined the effects of the subtype 2 of angiotensin II (AT2) receptors on the pressure-natriuresis using a new peptide agonist, and the possible involvement of cyclic guanosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cyclic GMP) in these effects. In adult anaesthetized rats (Inactin, 100 mg kg(-1), i.p.) deprived of endogenous angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition (quinapril, 10 mg kg(-1), i.v.), T2-(Ang II 4-8)2 (TA), a highly specific AT2 receptor agonist (5, 10 and 30 microg kg(-1) min(-1), i.v.) or its solvent was infused in four groups. Renal functions were studied at renal perfusion pressures (RPP) of 90, 110 and 130 mmHg and urinary cyclic GMP excretion when RPP was at 130 mmHg. The effects of TA (10 microg kg(-1) min(-1)) were reassessed in animals pretreated with PD 123319 (PD, 50 microg kg(-1) min(-1), i.v.), an AT2 receptor antagonist and the action of the same dose of PD alone was also determined. Increases in RPP from 90 to 130 mmHg did not change renal blood flow (RBF) but induced 8 and 15 fold increases in urinary flow and sodium excretion respectively. The 5 microg kg(-1) min(-1) dose of TA was devoid of action. The 10 and 30 microg kg(-1) min(-1) doses did not alter total RBF and glomerular filtration rate, but blunted pressure-diuresis and natriuresis relationships. These effects were abolished by PD. TA decreased urinary cyclic GMP excretion. After pretreatment with PD, this decrease was reversed to an increase which was also observed in animals receiving PD alone. In conclusion, renal AT2 receptors oppose the sodium and water excretion induced by acute increases in blood pressure and this action cannot be directly explained by changes in cyclic GMP. (+info)

Cardiac growth factors in human hypertrophy. Relations with myocardial contractility and wall stress. (2/383)

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether and which cardiac growth factors are involved in human hypertrophy, whether growth factor synthesis is influenced by overload type and/or by the adequacy of the hypertrophy, and the relationships between cardiac growth factor formation and ventricular function. Cardiac growth factor formation was assessed by measuring aorta-coronary sinus concentration gradient in patients with isolated aortic stenosis (n=26) or regurgitation (n=15) and controls (n=12). Gene expression and cellular localization was investigated in ventricular biopsies using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. Cardiac hypertrophy with end-systolic wall stress <90 kdyne/cm2 was associated with a selective increased formation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I in aortic regurgitation and of IGF-I and endothelin (ET)-1 in aortic stenosis. mRNA levels for IGF-I and preproET-1 were elevated and mainly expressed in cardiomyocytes. At stepwise analysis, IGF-I formation was correlated to the mean velocity of circumferential fiber shortening (r=0.86, P<0.001) and ET-1 formation to relative wall thickness (r=0.82, P<0. 001). When end-systolic wall stress was >90 kdyne/cm2, IGF-I and ET-1 synthesis by cardiomyocytes was no longer detectable, and only angiotensin (Ang) II was generated, regardless of the type of overload. The mRNA level for angiotensinogen was high, and the mRNA was exclusively expressed in the interstitial cells. Ang II formation was positively correlated to end-systolic stress (r=0.89, P<0.001) and end-diastolic stress (r=0.84, P<0.001). Multivariate stepwise analysis selected end-systolic stress as the most predictive variable and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure as the independent variable for Ang II formation (r=0.93, P<0.001). In conclusion, the present results indicate that the course of human left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by the participation of different cardiac growth factors that are selectively related both to the type of hemodynamic overload and to ventricular function. (+info)

Angiotensin regulates the selectivity of the Na+-K+ pump for intracellular Na+. (3/383)

Treatment of rabbits with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors increases the apparent affinity of the Na+-K+ pump for Na+. To explore the mechanism, we voltage clamped myocytes from control rabbits and rabbits treated with captopril with patch pipettes containing 10 mM Na+. When pipette solutions were K+ free, pump current (Ip) for myocytes from captopril-treated rabbits was nearly identical to that for myocytes from controls. However, treatment caused a significant increase in Ip measured with pipettes containing K+. A similar difference was observed when myocytes from rabbits treated with the ANG II receptor antagonist losartan and myocytes from controls were compared. Treatment-induced differences in Ip were eliminated by in vitro exposure to ANG II or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or inclusion of the protein kinase C fragment composed of amino acids 530-558 in pipette solutions. Treatment with captopril had no effect on the voltage dependence of Ip. We conclude that ANG II regulates the pump's selectivity for intracellular Na+ at sites near the cytoplasmic surface. Protein kinase C is implicated in the messenger cascade. (+info)

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats. (4/383)

We have demonstrated that acute third ventricle injections of lead acetate (PbAc) exert a powerful antidipsogenic effect and induce a significant increase in renal sodium excretion. In the present study we confirm the antidipsogenic effect of lead and demonstrate that central administration of this metal, in minute amounts, significantly reduces salt intake both during dehydration and after central angiotensinergic stimulation. Adult male Wistar rats had the third ventricle cannulated seven days before the experiments. During this period they had free access to distilled water and hypertonic saline solution (1.5%). After a 24-h period of fluid deprivation, experimental animals received third ventricle injections of PbAc (0.3, N = 8 and 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 14) while controls received sodium acetate (NaAc; 3.0 nmol/rat, N = 10). Rats treated with PbAc at the highest dose showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) both in water and hypertonic saline intake when compared to controls. When the effect of lead administration on angiotensin II-induced water and salt intake was studied, normohydrated animals received third ventricle injections of angiotensin II (9.6 nmol/rat) after pretreatment with 3.0 nmol/rat of PbAc (experimental group, N = 10) or NaAc (controls, N = 8). The group pretreated with PbAc presented a significant reduction (P<0.05) in both water and salt intake compared to controls. Thus, this study confirms the antidipsogenic effect of central lead injections and demonstrates that the presence of lead in the brain exerts a significant inhibition of sodium appetite. (+info)

Self-protection by cardiac myocytes against hypoxia and hyperoxia. (5/383)

Cardiac muscle must maintain a continuous balance between its energy supply and work performed. An important mechanism involved in achievement of this balance is cross talk via chemical signals between cardiac myocytes and the cardiac muscle vascular system. This has been demonstrated by incubating isolated cardiac myocytes in different concentrations of oxygen and then assaying the conditioned media for vasoactive substances on isolated aortic rings and small-resistance arteries. With increasing oxygen concentrations above 6%, cardiac myocytes produce increasing amounts of angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II by the blood vessel. The angiotensin II stimulates vascular endothelial cells to secrete endothelin and increase vascular tone. Below 6% oxygen, cardiac myocytes secrete adenosine, which acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to block the effect of alpha-adrenergic agonists and reduce vascular tone. In an intact heart, the net effect of these 2 regulatory systems would be the maintenance of oxygen concentration within a narrow range at the cardiac myocytes. By acting as oxygen sensors, cardiac myocytes modulate vascular tone according to the needs of the myocytes and reduce potential problems of hypoxia and extensive formation of reactive oxygen species. (+info)

Regulated expression of human angiotensinogen gene by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor. (6/383)

We previously identified various upstream and downstream regulatory elements and factors important for hepatic expression of the human angiotensinogen (ANG) gene, the precursor of vasoactive octapeptide angiotensin II. In the present study, to further investigate the molecular mechanism of human ANG transcriptional regulation, we generated transgenic mice carrying the fusion gene composed of the 1. 3-kilobase promoter of the human ANG gene, its downstream enhancer, and the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene. Because expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene was observed strongly in the liver and weakly in the kidney, we suspected that hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF) 4 with a tissue expression pattern similar to that of the reporter gene would regulate ANG transcription. In vitro assays indicated that HNF4 bound to the promoter elements and strongly activated the ANG transcription, but that chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor (COUP-TF), a transcriptional repressor, dramatically repressed human ANG transcription through the promoter elements and the downstream enhancer core elements. Furthermore, COUP-TF dramatically decreased the human ANG transcription in the mouse liver by the Helios Gene Gun system in vivo. These results suggest that an interplay between HNF4 and COUP-TF could be important in hepatic human ANG transcription. (+info)

Evaluation of the angiotensin challenge methodology for assessing the pharmacodynamic profile of antihypertensive drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system. (7/383)

AIMS: The performance of the experimental paradigm of angiotensin challenges with continuous non-invasive blood pressure measurement was evaluated. Angiotensin dose-response relationships were characterized, along with the influence of clinical covariates. The stability of angiotensin-induced peaks and the variability of the angiotensin doses were assessed. Finally, the predictive value of studies based on angiotensin challenges to determine drug doses effective in therapeutics was evaluated. METHODS: The data were gathered from 13 clinical studies on nine angiotensin II receptor antagonists, one ACE inhibitor and one dual ACE-NEP inhibitor, using Finapres for measuring the response to exogenous angiotensin challenges. Modelling of angiotensin dose-response curves and determination of the inter and intrasubject variability were performed by nonlinear regression (NONMEM). The different sources of variations in angiotensin I and II doses and angiotensin-induced peaks were evaluated by analyses of variance. The dose of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists inhibiting blood pressure increase by at least 75%, as measured by this method, was chosen for comparison with the labelled starting dose. RESULTS: Angiotensin challenges exhibited a clear dose-response relationship which can be characterized both by an Emax or a log linear model. The log linear model gave an average systolic/diastolic response of 24+/-6/20+/-5 mmHg for a unit dose of 1 microgram of angiotensin II equivalents, and an increase of 6/6 mmHg for each doubling of the dose. The angiotensin ED50 calculated values were 0.67 microgram for systolic and 0.84 microgram for diastolic blood pressure. The angiotensin doses for eliciting a given response and the angiotensin induced peaks were fairly constant between period and subject, but vary significantly between studies. Based on an inhibition of blood pressure by 75%, the agreement was good between the doses of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor antagonists predicted from studies using the methodology of angiotensin challenges and the doses shown to be clinically efficacious, in spite of high intersubject and intrasubject variabilities. CONCLUSIONS: This experimental method represents a valid surrogate for the therapeutic target and a useful tool for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiling of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system. (+info)

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme antisense gene therapy causes permanent antihypertensive effects in the SHR. (8/383)

The renin-angiotensin system plays a critical role in the control of blood pressure (BP), and its hyperactivity is associated with the development and maintenance of hypertension. Although traditional pharmacological therapies targeted toward the inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system are effective in the control of this disease, they pose significant limitations. We used an antisense gene delivery strategy to circumvent these limitations and established that a single intracardiac administration of angiotensin type 1 receptor antisense (AT(1)R-AS) causes permanent prevention of hypertension in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), an animal model of primary human hypertension. Our objectives in this study were 2-fold: to determine (1) whether the targeting of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) mRNA by a similar antisense strategy would prevent the SHR from developing hypertension and (2) whether the antihypertensive phenotype is transmitted to the offspring from the antisense-treated parents. Administration of a retroviral vector containing ACE antisense (LNSV-ACE-AS) caused a modest yet significant attenuation of high BP ( approximately 15+/-2 mm Hg) exclusively in the SHR. This was associated with a complete prevention of cardiac and renovascular pathophysiological alterations that are characteristic of hypertension. Like their parents, the F(1) generation offspring of the LNSV-ACE-AS-treated SHR expressed lower BP, decreased cardiac hypertrophy, and normalization of renal arterial excitation-coupling compared with offspring derived from the LNSV-ACE-tS (truncated sense)-treated SHR. In addition, the endothelial dysfunction commonly observed in the SHR renal arterioles was significantly prevented in both parents and offspring of the LNSV-ACE-AS-treated SHR. Polymerase chain reaction followed by Southern analysis revealed that the ACE-AS was integrated into the SHR genome and transmitted to the offspring. These observations suggest that transmission of ACE-AS by retroviral vector may be responsible for the transference of normotensive phenotypes in the SHR offspring. (+info)

It is cleaved at the N-terminus by renin to result in angiotensin I, which will later be modified to become angiotensin II. ... It is part of the renin-angiotensin system, which regulates blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates the release of ... An oligopeptide, angiotensin is a hormone and a dipsogen. It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum ... Angiotensinogen is an α-2-globulin synthesized in the liver and is a precursor for angiotensin, but has also been indicated as ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin

Proteopedia Angiotensin-converting_enzyme - the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Structure in Interactive 3D Angiotensin+ ... Angiotensin II binds to the type 1 angiotensin II receptor (AT1), which sets off a number of actions that result in ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1), or ACE, is a central component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), which ... In addition, inhibiting angiotensin II formation diminishes angiotensin II-mediated aldosterone secretion from the adrenal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme

The decapeptide is known as angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted to an octapeptide, angiotensin II by angiotensin- ... Angiotensin I may have some minor activity, but angiotensin II is the major bio-active product. Angiotensin II has a variety of ... Angiotensin I is subsequently converted to angiotensin II (an octapeptide) by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) found on ... Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, also known as angiotensin receptor blockers, can be used to prevent angiotensin II from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin–angiotensin_system

The angiotensin II receptors, (ATR1) and (ATR2), are a class of G protein-coupled receptors with angiotensin II as their ... The angiotensin receptor is activated by the vasoconstricting peptide angiotensin II. The activated receptor in turn couples to ... The AT4 receptor is activated by the angiotensin II metabolite angiotensin IV, and may play a role in regulation of the CNS ... angiotensin II. The AT1 and AT2 receptors share a sequence identity of ~30%, but have a similar affinity for angiotensin II, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor

2018). "The ACE2/Angiotensin-(1-7)/MAS Axis of the Renin-Angiotensin System: Focus on Angiotensin-(1-7)". Physiol Rev. 1 (98): ... Action of neprilysin on angiotensin I or angiotensin II. Action of prolyl endopeptidase on angiotensin I. Action of ACE on ... angiotensin 1-9. Action of neprilysin on angiotensin 1-9. Action of ACE2 on angiotensin II. Ang (1-7) has been shown to have ... Santos et al demonstrated that angiotensin (1-7) was a main product of the incubation of angiotensin I with brain micropunches ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_(1-7)

Angiotensin II receptor blockers, as their name implies, block the action of angiotensin II at its receptors and therefore may ... Angiotensin II is a naturally occurring hormone secreted as part of the renin-angiotensin system that results in powerful ... Angiotensin II is as a treatment option that can increase blood pressure and allow catecholamine dose reductions. Angiotensin ... "Angiotensin II". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Angiotensin II acetate". Drug Information Portal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_(medication)

September 2000). "A novel angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase (ACE2) converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1 ... March 2020). "Angiotensin II and angiotensin 1-7: which is their role in atrial fibrillation?". Heart Failure Reviews. Springer ... It is released into the bloodstream where one of sACE2's functions is to turn excess angiotensin II into angiotensin 1-7 which ... Renin-angiotensin system Angiotensin-converting enzyme SARS-CoV-2 § Structural biology GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme_2

While angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors block the cleavage of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, the active peptide ... Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), formally angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists, also known as angiotensin ... "Angiotensin FDA Drug Safety Communication: No increase in risk of cancer with certain blood pressure drugs - Angiotensin ... "List of Angiotensin receptor blockers (angiotensin II inhibitors)". Drugs.com. 2020-02-28. Retrieved 2020-03-21. "Blood ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_blocker

... (AT1) is the best characterized angiotensin receptor. It is encoded in humans by the AGTR1 gene ... The angiotensin receptor is activated by the vasoconstricting peptide angiotensin II. The activated receptor in turn couples to ... "Angiotensin II receptor blocker", Wikipedia, 2022-07-26, retrieved 2022-08-10 Wilson JX (1984). "The renin-angiotensin system ... shows considerably less binding affinities in case of all angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs). Angiotensin II receptor type 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_type_1

... has been shown to interact with MTUS1. Angiotensin II receptor GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ... "The angiotensin II type 2 receptor causes constitutive growth of cardiomyocytes and does not antagonize angiotensin II type 1 ... Angiotensin II receptor type 2, also known as the AT2 receptor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGTR2 gene. ... "Entrez Gene: AGTR2 angiotensin II receptor, type 2". Ewert S, Laesser M, Johansson B, Holm M, Aneman A, Fandriks L (March 2003 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin_II_receptor_type_2

The angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also called angiotensin (AT1) receptor antagonists or sartans, are a group of ... "The distribution of angiotensin II type 1 receptors, and the tissue renin-angiotensin systems", Molecular Medicine Today, 1 (1 ... Renin and Angiotensin; Jackson E.K., 789-821) Editors; Brunton L.L., Lazo J.S., Parker K.L. New York McGraw Hill 2006. ISBN 0- ... Two more angiotensin receptors have been described, AT3 and AT4, but their role is still unknown. AT1 receptors are mainly ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_and_development_of_angiotensin_receptor_blockers

... is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of ... Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System is abstracted and indexed in, among other databases: SCOPUS, and the Social ... Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System is a resource for biomedical professionals, including basic scientists and ... Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System also publishes research on other peptides, such as vasopressin, the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone_System

It is a derivative of angiotensin II. Angiotensin "Angiotensinamide". Index nominum, international drug directory = ... Angiotensinamide (INN; BAN and USAN angiotensin amide) is a potent vasoconstrictor used as a cardiac stimulant. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensinamide

Angiotensin II -> Vasopressin) Increase PAI-1 and PAI-2 also through Angiotensin II Lipid Increase HDL, triglyceride Decrease ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estrogen

The conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and the inactivation of bradykinin were thought to be mediated by the same ... The first breakthrough was made by Kevin K.F. Ng in 1967, when he found the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II took ... Ng KK, Vane JR (November 1967). "Conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II". Nature. 216 (5117): 762-766. Bibcode:1967Natur ... Captopril blocks the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and prevents the degradation of vasodilatory prostaglandins ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Captopril

e.g., angiotensin IV). A heptapeptide has seven amino acids. (e.g., spinorphin). An octapeptide has eight amino acids (e.g., ... angiotensin II). A nonapeptide has nine amino acids (e.g., oxytocin). A decapeptide has ten amino acids (e.g., gonadotropin- ... releasing hormone and angiotensin I). A undecapeptide has eleven amino acids (e.g., substance P). The same words are also used ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peptide

... which is converted by angiotensin converting enzyme to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II then signals to the adrenal cortex to ... Renin converts angiotensinogen (inactive form) to angiotensin I (active form). Angiotensin I flows in the bloodstream until it ... acts on it to convert it into angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor that will increase blood flow to the heart ... Renin-angiotensin system (RAS): This system is generally known for its long-term adjustment of arterial pressure. This system ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_pressure

Angiotensin blockers were created in order to avoid the side effects of ACE inhibitors, which were previously the drug of ... In addition, his work on angiotensin blockers has helped many patients in need of treatment for congestive heart failure, even ... Watkins left Johns Hopkins in 1973 for Harvard University where he researched the use of angiotensin blockers in cases of ... Two years after his research on angiotensin blockers at Harvard, Watkins returned to Johns Hopkins and joined the admissions ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levi_Watkins

Angiotensin-converting-enzyme; ARB = Angiotensin-receptor-blocker). Afterload also increases with increasing blood viscosity, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impedance_cardiography

... preventing angiotensin I from being converted to angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent direct vasoconstrictor and a ... Khan MG (2015). "Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers". Cardiac Drug Therapy. New York ... Reduction in the amount of angiotensin II results in relaxation of the arterioles. Reduction in the amount of angiotensin II ... Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor, meaning it blocks the actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin-angiotensin- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lisinopril

Reilly CF, Tewksbury DA, Schechter NM, Travis J (August 1982). "Rapid conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by ... Other functions of cathepsin G have been reported, including cleavage of receptors, conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin ... Klickstein LB, Kaempfer CE, Wintroub BU (December 1982). "The granulocyte-angiotensin system. Angiotensin I-converting activity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cathepsin_G

Medical treatment involves use of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) to ... The elevated blood pressure seen in Page kidney is thought to be caused by the activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone ... The compression is believed to cause activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) via microvascular ischemia.[ ... In this case, medical treatment focuses on symptomatic treatment of the hypertension with an angiotensin-converting enzyme ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Page_kidney

Ryan, Una; Ryan, James W (April 1980). "Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme: II. Pulmonary Endothelial Cells in Culture". ... taking up a Howard Hughes Fellowship at the University of Miami to study angiotensin-converting enzymes. After completion of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Una_Ryan

In heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, ... First-line therapy for people with heart failure due to reduced systolic function should include angiotensin-converting enzyme ... Vasopressin levels are usually increased, along with renin, angiotensin II, and catecholamines to compensate for reduced ... Quadruple medical therapy using a combination of angiotensin-receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), beta blockers, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) then catalyzes the reaction that forms angiotensin II, which acts on AT1 receptors on the ... Harada K, Sugaya T, Murakami K, Yazaki Y, Komuro I (November 1999). "Angiotensin II type 1A receptor knockout mice display less ... Sun Y, Zhang JQ, Zhang J, Ramires FJ (August 1998). "Angiotensin II, transforming growth factor-beta1 and repair in the ... Fimasartan is a non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fimasartan

ACE inhibitor Angiotensin conversion enzyme. A class of drugs used to decrease hypertension, mainly by interfering with the ... Insulin is a hormone as are glucagon, adrenaline, and angiotensin II. Human insulin Man-made insulins that is identical to the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_diabetes

... angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, CD143); tissue factor TF (CD142, thromboplastin); decay accelerating factor (CD55); ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostasomes

Ruilope LM, Tamargo J (April 2017). "Renin-angiotensin system blockade: Finerenone". Nephrologie & Therapeutique. 13 Suppl 1: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finerenone

Inagaki K, Iwanaga Y, Sarai N, Onozawa Y, Takenaka H, Mochly-Rosen D, Kihara Y (Oct 2002). "Tissue angiotensin II during ... Paul K, Ball NA, Dorn GW, Walsh RA (Nov 1997). "Left ventricular stretch stimulates angiotensin II--mediated ... angiotensin II and diastolic stretch; adenosine; hypoxia and Akt-induced stem cell factor; ROS generated via pharmacologic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRKCE

Renin is a component of the renin-angiotensin system which regulates blood pressure, salt and water homeostasis and is an ... Cleland SJ, Reid JL (November 1996). "The renin-angiotensin system and the heart: a historical review". Heart. 76 (3 Suppl 3): ... Martin Aurell; H. R. Ulfendahl (1999). Renin-angiotensin (Wenner-Gren International). Portland Pr. ISBN 978-1-85578-128-3. ... onto eminent researchers in the field of the renin-angiotensin system. Tigerstedt R., Bergman P.G. (1898). "Niere und Kreislauf ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Tigerstedt

A new formulation of angiotensin II has received rapid FDA approval for treatment of distributive shock, which is often ... Angiotensin II for the Treatment of High-Output Shock phase 3) trial of angiotensin II. ... Ang II angiotensin II, DSMB data safety monitoring board, MAP mean arterial pressure, NA not applicable. a Doses may be ... ATHOS-3 Angiotensin II for the Treatment of High-Output Shock phase 3, mITT modified intent-to-treat. aIncluding arterial and ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/908392

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Angiotensin II, a key effector peptide of the system, causes vasoconstriction and exerts multiple biological functions. ... The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis, as well as fluid and salt ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a central role in generating angiotensin II from angiotensin I, and capillary blood ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in lung diseases Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2006 Jun;6(3):271-6. doi: 10.1016/j.coph.2006.03.001. ...

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Renin Angiotensin System Blockade in Renal Transplant Patients With Presence of PECs in Urine By means of a personalized ... Angiotensin. II is produced and released into the bloodstream. This substance can make blood vessels smaller (i.e., ... Angiotensin II as a First-line Vasopressor for Distributive Shock During or After Heart Transplantation or Durable Left ... Angiotensin. II (Giapreza) vs. placebo plus standard of care, as a first line agent for ...

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Angiotensin receptor antagonists block the actions of angiotensin II and angiotensin(1-7) at angiotensin AT1 receptors. ... ACE-1 inhibitors inhibit the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and of angiotensin(1-9) to angiotensin(1-7). ... Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I by renin.. *Angiotensin I (a decapeptide) is converted by ACE-1 to angiotensin II ... Angiotensin II is an agonist at both angiotensin AT1 and angiotensin AT2 receptors. ...

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ACE Inhibitors/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists do not reduce hospitalisations in older patients with heart failure. ... Problem Substances : Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor : CK(93) : AC(11), Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs) : CK ... or angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]), but these results have limited ... ACE Inhibitors/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists do not reduce hospitalisations in older patients with heart failure. ...

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Angiotensin II. See also: Angiotensin II (medication). Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe. Angiotensin I is converted to ... Angiotensin III. Asp , Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe. Angiotensin III has 40% of the pressor activity of angiotensin II, but 100 ... Angiotensin IV. Arg , Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe. Angiotensin IV is a hexapeptide that, like angiotensin III, has some lesser ... See also Renin-angiotensin system#Effects. Angiotensins II, III and IV have a number of effects throughout the body: Adipic. ...

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... on these parameters and on arterial angiotensin II were measured. In some animals the effect of lead on the hepati ... on the relationship between plasma renin and angiotensin II were studied. Male dogs were catheterized to measure hepatic renal ... The effects of lead (7439921) on the relationship between plasma renin and angiotensin II were studied. Male dogs were ... Although there was a linear relationship between angiotensin II levels and plasma renin activity following nonlead stimuli, ...

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... are also known as Angiotensin-2 Receptor Antagonists. Some Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers ... Rather than lowering levels of angiotensin II (as ACE inhibitors do), angiotensin II receptor blockers prevent this chemical ... Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers. Please note: reference image is displayed in place of Flash media. ... Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are drugs that are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. They are most ...

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Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal ... Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with low circulating plasma levels of angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 1,7. J Med Virol. ... Nrf2 Deficiency Upregulates Intrarenal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 and Angiotensin 1-7 Receptor Expression and Attenuates ... "Angiotensin I" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ...

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Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors. Class Summary. ACE inhibitors block conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin ... Captopril inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which blunts the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ... Enalapril inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which blunts the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ... Lisinopril inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), which blunts the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, ...

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Elevated angiotensin II induces an increase in uterine arterial blood flow in pregnant rats via heightened angiotensin II type ... AngII not only activates the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) to mediate vasoconstriction but also angiotensin type 2 ... Pregnancy upregulates angiotensin type 2 receptor expression and increases blood flow in uterine arteries of rats. †. ... Vasoconstriction to angiotensin II was blunted in pregnant rats. Treatment with PD123319 caused greater enhancement of AngII ...

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2: enhancing the degradation of angiotensin II as a potential therapy for diabetic nephropathy. ... Glomerular localization and expression of Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Angiotensin-converting enzyme: implications for ... As the major effector of RAS, angiotensin II (Ang Ⅱ) is mostly generated via the cleavage of Ang І by angiotensin converting ... Gut Microbiota Promote Angiotensin II-Induced Arterial Hypertension and Vascular Dysfunction. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5:e003698 ...

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Focus on angiotensin IV",. keywords = "Angiotensin II (1-7), Angiotensin III, Angiotensin IV, Angiotensin metabolites, LVV- ... Bioactive angiotensin peptides: Focus on angiotensin IV. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. 2001 Dec;2(4):205 ... Bioactive angiotensin peptides : Focus on angiotensin IV. In: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System. 2001 ; Vol. ... Bioactive angiotensin peptides: Focus on angiotensin IV. Tomris Mustafa, Joohyung Lee, Siew Yeen Chai, Anthony L. Albiston, ...

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Angiotensin II in vasodilatory shock: lights and shadows. *Elio Antonucci. ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-54941, ... Intravenous angiotensin II for the treatment of high-output shock (ATHOS trial): a pilot study. Crit Care. 2014;18:534. ... Antonucci, E., Agosta, S. & Sakr, Y. Angiotensin II in vasodilatory shock: lights and shadows. Crit Care 21, 277 (2017). https ... Data from the literature show lights and shadows about the use of angiotensin II (Ang II), for instance as an alternative ...

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Renin activity and angiotensin II assays. Renin activity and angiotensin II concentration in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ... Santos RA, Ferreira AJ, Verano-Braga T and Bader M: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, angiotensin-(1-7) and Mas: New players of ... angiotensin system (RAS), including angiotensin (Ang) I‑converting enzymes (ACE and ACE2), renin and Ang II, which indicates ... Imai Y, Kuba K, Rao S, Huan Y, Guo F, Guan B, Yang P, Sarao R, Wada T, Leong-Poi H, et al: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ...

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It has been suggested that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-1 inhibitors), such as enalapril and ramipril, and angiotensin receptor antagonists (colloquially called angiotensin receptor blockers or ARBs), such as candesartan and valsartan, may be of value in preventing and treating the effects of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (also known as 2019-nCoV), the cause of the infection called COVID-19. (cebm.net)
BACKGROUND: Randomised controlled trials have shown a reduced risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalisation among users of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists (angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]), but these results have limited generalisability. (greenmedinfo.com)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers can reduce proteinuria. (medscape.com)
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) are drugs that are used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. (medmovie.com)
Rather than lowering levels of angiotensin II (as ACE inhibitors do), angiotensin II receptor blockers prevent this chemical from having any effects on the heart and blood vessels. (medmovie.com)
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers are also known as Angiotensin-2 Receptor Antagonists. (medmovie.com)
Nevertheless, the impact of RAAS inhibitors like angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) on SARS-CoV-2 outcomes is still contentious based on the proof from numerous meta-analyses. (news-medical.net)
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Beta Blockers in Marfan Syndrome: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials. (acc.org)
Angiotensin receptor blockers slowed aortic root growth rate significantly as compared to control therapy in patients with Marfan syndrome. (acc.org)
Patients with Marfan syndrome showed similar aortic growth rate when treated with angiotensin receptor blockers and beta-blockers. (acc.org)
Patients with Marfan syndrome may benefit from combination therapy with angiotensin receptor blockers and beta-blockers. (acc.org)
What is the effect of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and beta-blockers (BBs) for patients with Marfan syndrome? (acc.org)
Over the past 5 years several case reports and cohort studies have been published that describe a sprue-like enteropathy (SLE) with abdominal pain, chronic diarrhea and weight loss, after taking angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers (ARB). (springermedizin.at)
Saravi B, Vollmer A, Lang G, Adolphs N, Li Z, Giers V, Stoll P. Impact of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and beta-blockers on dental implant stability. (aofoundation.org)
They found that the risk of severe Covid-19 illness and death was reduced for patients with high blood pressure who were taking Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB). (healthworldnet.com)
ACE inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers have been found to effectively slow progression of kidney disease. (healthworldnet.com)
Combination neurohormonal blockade with ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists and beta-blockers in patients with congestive heart failure: design of the Randomized Evaluation of Strategies for Left Ventricular Dysfunction (RESOLVD) Pilot Study. (mcmaster.ca)
The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the differences between spironolactone and chlorthalidone in hypertensive elderly patients treated with calcium antagonists and angiotensin II receptor blockers. (druglib.com)
ACE inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) work by opening blood vessels and lowering blood pressure. (medlineplus.gov)
These drugs are mainly used by people who are unable to tolerate ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. (medlineplus.gov)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) should be administered to patients with Alport syndrome who have proteinuria with or without hypertension. (medscape.com)
3 These disparities exist despite similar proportions of blacks, whites, and Hispanics meeting recommendations for glycolated hemoglobin and blood pressure control and similar proportions with rennin-angiotensin system blockade via use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs). (jabfm.org)
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/angiotensin-ii-receptor-blocker-and-neprilysin-inhibitor-therapy-in-heart-failure-due-to-systolic-dysfunction?source=search_result&search=ANGIOTENSIN+II+RECEPTOR+BLOCKERS+IN+HEART+FAILURE+DUE+TO+SYSTOLIC+DYSFUNCTION%3A+THERAPEUTIC+USE&selectedTitle=2~150 Acesso em: 8 dez 2014. (bvs.br)
Heran Balraj S, Musini Vijaya M, Bassett Ken, Taylor Rod S, Wright James M. Angiotensin receptor blockers for heart failure. (bvs.br)
Reeder, Guy S. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and receptor blockers in acute myocardial infarction: Clinical trials. (bvs.br)
http://www.uptodate.com/contents/angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitors-and-receptor-blockers-in-acute-myocardial-infarction-clinical-trials?source=search_result&search=ANGIOTENSIN+CONVERTING+ENZYME+INHIBITORS+AND+RECEPTOR+BLOCKERS+IN+ACUTE+MYOCARDIAL+INFARCTION%3A+CLINICAL+TRIALS&selectedTitle=1~150 Acesso em: 8 dez 2014. (bvs.br)
Heran Balraj S, Wong Michelle MY, Heran Inderjit K, Wright James M. Blood pressure lowering efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers for primary hypertension. (bvs.br)

Moreover, this increase in left ventricular mass index occurs in children who have ADPKD with borderline hypertension (75th to 95th percentile) and is prevented with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) monotherapy. (lww.com)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays a central role in generating angiotensin II from angiotensin I, and capillary blood vessels in the lung are one of the major sites of ACE expression and angiotensin II production in the human body. (nih.gov)
The two others are not recruiting: "Recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (rhACE2) as a treatment for patients with COVID-19" (registered on 21 February but listed on clinicaltrials.gov as withdrawn) and "Clinical study for the effects of ACEIs/ARBs on the infection of novel coronavirus pneumonia (CoVID-19)" (registered on 2 March). (cebm.net)
SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, which share about 80% structural identity, do this by harnessing the action of the angiotensin converting enzyme, ACE-2, which is expressed in the membranes of many cells in the body, including lung alveolar epithelial cells. (cebm.net)
Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II (AII) through removal of two C-terminal residues by the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), primarily through ACE within the lung (but also present in endothelial cells , kidney epithelial cells, and the brain). (wikidoc.org)
It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. (harvard.edu)
Nrf2 Deficiency Upregulates Intrarenal Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-2 and Angiotensin 1-7 Receptor Expression and Attenuates Hypertension and Nephropathy in Diabetic Mice. (harvard.edu)
Deletion of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 exacerbates renal inflammation and injury in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice through modulation of the nephrin and TNF-alpha-TNFRSF1A signaling. (harvard.edu)
Angiotensin-(1-7) prevents systemic hypertension, attenuates oxidative stress and tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and normalizes renal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Mas receptor expression in diabetic mice. (harvard.edu)
Another factor that aroused interest in the effects of RAAS inhibitors in COVID-19 outcomes was their modes of action, specifically, the potential increased expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), which is linked to SARS-CoV-2 entrance into bronchial cells. (news-medical.net)
Data was gathered from medRxiv, the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Embase, and Medline (OVID) databases using keywords such as COVID-19, renin-angiotensin system, angiotensin II receptor antagonists, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from the inception of the study until February 1, 2021. (news-medical.net)
Update on Turn Around Times** Due to supplier issues, we are currently experiencing a delay in turnaround time for ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME testing. (lifelabs.com)
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) plays a critical role in the circulating or endocrine renin-angiotensin system (RAS) as well as the local regulation that exists in tissues such as the myocardium and skeletal muscle. (rcsb.org)
This study was conducted to examine the growth, proteolytic profiles as well as angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) and alpha-glucosidase (alpha-glu) inhibitory potentials of selected strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB). (unboundmedicine.com)
TY - JOUR T1 - Proteolytic profiles and angiotensin-I converting enzyme and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activities of selected lactic acid bacteria. (unboundmedicine.com)
The renin-angiotensin (Ang) system (RAS), which includes Ang I-converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2, is a complex network that has a major role in various biological functions, including blood pressure regulation and water balance. (spandidos-publications.com)
This system contains two regulatory mechanisms: a pathological proinflammatory arm containing the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE)/Angiotensin II (AngII)/Angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) axis and a protective anti-inflammatory arm containing the Angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AGTR2)/Ang1-7/MasReceptor axis. (aofoundation.org)
Called the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, or ACE2 "receptor," the protein provides the entry point for the coronavirus to hook into and infect a wide range of human cells. (healthworldnet.com)
These study results suggest that both systemic angiotensin II and myeloid leukocyte-bound angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)-1 promote protection against pathogens via distinct mechanisms. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as a new therapy for atrial fibrillation? (mcmaster.ca)
Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on the long-term progression of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with heart failure. (mcmaster.ca)
Sequence Location [Angiotensin-converting enzyme, soluble form]: Secreted. (qedbio.com)
For instance, the local availability and functional consequence of angiotensin II (Ang II), the bioactive substance of the system, may depend on the Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) concentration or on the Ang II receptor density [ 4 ]. (alliedacademies.org)
72 Chinese primary IgAN patients who had undergone renal biopsy in Zhongshan Hospital between January 2009 and June 2009, had not received glucocorticoid, immunosuppressants, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin IIreceptor blocker, and gave informed consent were included in the study. (alliedacademies.org)
The I allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is associated with low ACE activity and elite endurance performance. (uea.ac.uk)
Exposure to angiotensin II (ATII) in rat AFs resulted in decreased levels of sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), elabela (ELA), and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (bvsalud.org)
A diet high in saturated fat increases angiotensin-converting enzyme, the main entry point for coronavirus into cells. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Patients were categorized according to the proposed pathogenesis of AE: low C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) and C4 levels, autoimmune disease, cancer, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced, or idiopathic. (cdc.gov)
Some medications (e.g., angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors) [NHLBI 2007]. (cdc.gov)
Insertion/deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene: really a risk factor for venous thromboembolism? (nih.gov)
The now familiar spiked virus enters human cells via the also pervasive angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, or ACE2, receptor. (prohealth.com)
ABP 300 works by binding the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to block viral interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors. (scienceboard.net)
They identified a new association with a rare genetic variant at the Xp22.2 locus (rs190509934) that downregulates the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). (cdc.gov)
Polymorphisms in angiotensin II type 1 receptor and angiotensin I-converting enzyme genes and breast cancer risk among Chinese women in Singapore. (cdc.gov)
Strippoli Giovanni FM, Bonifati Carmen, Craig Maria E, Navaneethan Sankar D, Craig Jonathan C. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease. (bvs.br)

Also known as ARBs, these are heart medications that block the angiotensin II hormone and widen or dilate blood vessels to improve blood flow. (cdc.gov)

Angiotensin II is an agonist at both angiotensin AT 1 and angiotensin AT 2 receptors. (cebm.net)
Angiotensin(1-7) is an antagonist at angiotensin AT 1 receptors and an agonist at MAS-1 receptors. (cebm.net)
Angiotensin receptor antagonists block the actions of angiotensin II and angiotensin(1-7) at angiotensin AT 1 receptors. (cebm.net)
they have differential affinity for angiotensin receptors , although their exact role is still unclear. (wikidoc.org)
Losartan Potassium (DuP 753, MK 954) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, competes with the binding of angiotensin II to AT1 receptors with IC50 of 20 nM. (selleckchem.com)
Angiotensin II acts on a number of different angiotensin receptors. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Peripheral action of angiotensin was cardioaccelerator via direct stimulation of beta-receptors of the atria in isolated atrial preparations. (who.int)

Renal Volume, Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Hyperten. (lww.com)
Renal cyst enlargement in ADPKD in adults is associated with stimulation of both the circulating and intrarenal renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. (lww.com)
The effect of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition with dual blockade, ACEI and angiotensin receptor antagonists, on renal volume and kidney function is under study in the Halt Progression of Polycystic Kidney Disease (HALT PKD) trial. (lww.com)
ACE2 abrogates tumor resistance to VEGFR inhibitors suggesting angiotensin-(1-7) as a therapy for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (harvard.edu)
Because Th1 cells generate interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), we hypothesized that interferon-γ and TNF-α propagate renal damage during hypertension induced by activation of the renin-angiotensin system. (duke.edu)
As angiotensin II-infused TNF knockout mice had exaggerated endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression in the kidney and enhanced nitric oxide bioavailability, we examined the actions of TNF-α generated from renal parenchymal cells in hypertension by transplanting wild-type or TNF knockout kidneys into wild-type recipients before the induction of hypertension. (duke.edu)
Transplant recipients lacking TNF solely in the kidney had blunted hypertensive responses to angiotensin II and augmented renal endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression, confirming a role for kidney-derived TNF-α to promote angiotensin II-induced blood pressure elevation by limiting renal nitric oxide generation. (duke.edu)
Intrarenal angiotensin II plays an important role in renal fibrosis in primary IgA nephropathy. (alliedacademies.org)
Renal injury from angiotensin II-mediated hypertension. (semanticscholar.org)
Polymorphisms in genes of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and renal cell cancer risk: interplay with hypertension and intakes of sodium, potassium and fluid. (cdc.gov)

In addition to hypertension, the resultant angiotensin in ADPKD is a pivotal factor in cyst proliferation and expansion, increased sympathetic and endothelin activity, oxidant injury, and fibrosis. (lww.com)
Sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696, Sacubitril, Valsartan), consisting of valsartan and sacubitril in 1:1 molar ratio, is an orally bioavailable, dual-acting angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) for hypertension and heart failure. (selleckchem.com)
Telmisartan (BIBR 277) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) used in the management of hypertension. (selleckchem.com)
Tumor necrosis factor-α produced in the kidney contributes to angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. (duke.edu)
Objectives: The objective of this study is to determine the effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition, sympathoinhibition and diuretic therapy on endothelial function and blood pressure in obesity-related hypertension. (eur.nl)
Methods: A randomized, four-way, double-blind, crossover study in 31 adults with previously untreated obesity-related hypertension, in which the effects of 8 weeks' inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (using aliskiren 300 mg), sympathoinhibition (using moxonidine 0.4 mg), diuretic therapy (using hydrochlorothiazide 25 mg) or placebo on flow-mediated dilation and 24-h blood pressure were compared. (eur.nl)
This adds weight to the hypothesis that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system is an effective first step in the treatment of obesity-related hypertension. (eur.nl)
The angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor (AT1R) has been linked to the development and progression of renovascular hypertension. (elsevier.com)

Losartan may induce a more complete inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system than ACE inhibitors do. (medscape.com)

ACE is a target of ACE inhibitor drugs, which decrease the rate of angiotensin II production. (wikidoc.org)
Angiotensin (1-7) is a canine ACE inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.65 μM and inhibits the activity mediated by myostatin through Mas receptor . (selleckchem.com)
A competitive inhibitor of ACE, fosinopril reduces angiotensin II levels, decreasing aldosterone secretion. (medscape.com)
Colucci, Wilson S. Angiotensin II receptor blocker and neprilysin inhibitor therapy in heart failure due to systolic dysfunction. (bvs.br)

ACE2, a close homologue of ACE, functions as a negative regulator of the angiotensin system and was identified as a key receptor for SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus infections. (nih.gov)
Results from reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and ELISA analysis demonstrated that calcitriol also modulated the expression of members of the renin‑angiotensin system (RAS), including angiotensin (Ang) I‑converting enzymes (ACE and ACE2), renin and Ang II, which indicates that calcitriol may exert protective effects on LPS‑induced lung injury, at least partially, by regulating the balance between the expression of members of the RAS. (spandidos-publications.com)
MicroRNA-122 aggravates angiotensin II-mediated apoptosis and autophagy imbalance in rat aortic adventitial fibroblasts via the modulation of SIRT6-elabela-ACE2 signaling. (bvsalud.org)
The virus' binding to the receptor for ACE2 has been shown to decrease ACE2 levels and increase levels of the powerful blood vessel constrictor angiotensin II, because less angiotensin II gets degraded and fewer vasodilators get produced, which worsens the patient's prognosis. (prohealth.com)

Coronavirus disease 2019 is associated with low circulating plasma levels of angiotensin 1 and angiotensin 1,7. (harvard.edu)

Angiotensin II, a key effector peptide of the system, causes vasoconstriction and exerts multiple biological functions. (nih.gov)
Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure . (wikidoc.org)
Angiotensin II acts on the CNS to increase vasopressin production, and also acts on venous and arterial smooth muscle to cause vasoconstriction. (wikidoc.org)
AngII not only activates the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT 1 R) to mediate vasoconstriction but also angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT 2 R) to cause vasodilation. (bioone.org)
Oligopeptides which are important in the regulation of blood pressure ( VASOCONSTRICTION ) and fluid homeostasis via the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM. (bvsalud.org)

ACE Inhibitors/Angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists do not reduce hospitalisations in older patients with heart failure. (greenmedinfo.com)
Spironolactone and chlorthalidone in uncontrolled elderly hypertensive patients treated with calcium antagonists and angiotensin II receptor-blocker: effects on endothelial function, inflammation, and oxidative stress. (druglib.com)
Telmisartan belongs to the class of drugs called Angiotensin II receptor antagonists that works by blocking the angiotensin II receptor, relaxing the blood vessels and lowering the blood pressure. (apollopharmacy.in)
Telmisartan belongs to the class of drugs called Angiotensin II receptor antagonists. (apollopharmacy.in)

Angiotensinogen is converted to angiotensin I by renin. (cebm.net)
Plasma angiotensinogen levels are increased by plasma corticosteroid , estrogen , thyroid hormone , and angiotensin II levels. (wikidoc.org)
Angiotensin I ( CAS # 11128-99-7), also called proangiotensin , is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen . (wikidoc.org)
Angiotensinogen is made by the liver and forms angiotensin I in the blood. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
These include angiotensins derived naturally from precursor ANGIOTENSINOGEN , and those synthesized. (bvsalud.org)
Differential roles of Angiotensinogen and Angiotensin Receptor type 1 polymorphisms in breast cancer risk. (cdc.gov)

The aim of the present study was to compare the antihypertrophic effects of blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), vasopeptidase inhibition and calcium channel antagonism on cardiac and vascular hypertrophy in diabetic spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). (portlandpress.com)
It has been theorized that dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) might prove even more beneficial, but these hopes have not been realized. (healthworldnet.com)
Does Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade Protect Lupus Nephritis Patients From Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Events? (mcmaster.ca)

Azilsartan Medoxomil (TAK-491) is a potent angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist, inhibits the RAAS , with an IC50 of 2.6 nM, exhibits >10,000-fold selectivity over AT2. (selleckchem.com)
In a recent study posted to the medRxiv * preprint server, researchers conducted an umbrella review and meta-analysis of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors' impact on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical outcomes. (news-medical.net)
Therapeutisch werden standardmäßig Medikamente zur Senkung des Blutzuckerspiegels (Inhibitoren des Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-Systems (RAAS), Metformin, Inhibitoren des Natrium-Glucose-Transporters-2 (SGLT2) und des Blutdrucks (Erstlinien Therapie mit Inhibitoren des RAAS, sekundäre Therapie mit Statinen sowie Nikotinentwöhnung und salzarme Ernährung) eingesetzt. (uni-muenchen.de)

Angiotensin-(1-7) Attenuates Skeletal Muscle Fibrosis and Stiffening in a Mouse Model of Extremity Sarcoma Radiation Therapy. (harvard.edu)

Reduced disease severity following therapeutic treatment with angiotensin 1-7 in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. (harvard.edu)
Results showed that treatment with angiotensin II was associated with increased bacterial clearance from the blood and the peritoneal cavity, as well as a modified host immune response, following CLP. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system peptide profiles in patients with COVID-19. (harvard.edu)
The participants will receive orally the formulation Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin containing the peptide Angiotensin-(1-7), HPßCD-Angiotensin-(1-7) (3g), [this dose is considered a non-toxic dose considering that it is lower than the dose that presented toxicity (700 µg/Kg)] or formulation Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin composed of glucose, HPßCD-Placebo (3g), 3 hours before the battery of physical tests. (who.int)
At the first meeting (meeting 1) in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory, the subjects will be familiarized with the battery of tests, anamnesis, and a draw to know in which condition they will be allocated: Hydroxypropyl Beta Cyclodextrin containing the peptide Angiotensin-(1-7), HPßCD-Angiotensin-(1-7) (3g) or Cyclodextrin composed of glucose, HPßCD-Placebo (3g). (who.int)

azilsartan decreases effects of synthetic human angiotensin II by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
benazepril increases effects of synthetic human angiotensin II by unspecified interaction mechanism. (medscape.com)
synthetic human angiotensin II and finerenone both increase serum potassium. (medscape.com)
olmesartan decreases effects of synthetic human angiotensin II by pharmacodynamic antagonism. (medscape.com)
quinapril increases effects of synthetic human angiotensin II by unspecified interaction mechanism. (medscape.com)

Further analysis showed that the effects of angiotensin II treatment on bacteremia burden following CLP were negated by selective angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) deletion in myeloid-lineage leukocytes. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Similar results were observed when angiotensin II was co-administered with losartan, suggesting that the effects of angiotensin II on bacteremia burden are mediated via AT1R. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)

Angiotensin (1-7) (Ang-(1-7), Angiotensin fragment 1-7) is a bioactive component of the renin-angiotensin system that is formed endogenously from either Ang I or Ang II. (selleckchem.com)

These treatments included intraperitoneal angiotensin II alone, intraperitoneal angiotensin II plus losartan, subcutaneous angiotensin II, or vehicle. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)

A simplified version of the pharmacology of the renin-angiotensin system is shown in the diagram below. (cebm.net)

The effects of angiotensin II were studied on isolated atrial preparations of nonreserpinised and reserpinised rabbits, before and after treating the preparations by propranolol. (who.int)

Angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene A1166C polymorphism and breast cancer susceptibility. (cdc.gov)

An umbrella review and meta-analysis of the use of renin-angiotensin system drugs and COVID-19 outcomes: what do we know so far? (news-medical.net)
This study covers the latent demand outlook for renin-angiotensin system-blocking cardiovascular drugs across the states and cities of the United States. (marketpublishers.com)
Using econometric models which project fundamental economic dynamics within each state and city, latent demand estimates are created for renin-angiotensin system-blocking cardiovascular drugs. (marketpublishers.com)
In this report we define the sales of renin-angiotensin system-blocking cardiovascular drugs as including all commonly understood products and/or services falling within this broad category, irrespective of product packaging, formulation, size, or form. (marketpublishers.com)
Moreover, by inhibiting angiotensin II, a growth factor that is implicated in glomerular sclerosis, these drugs have a potential role in slowing sclerotic progression. (medscape.com)
Moreover, by inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a growth factor that is implicated in glomerular sclerosis, these drugs have a potential role in slowing sclerotic progression. (medscape.com)
As with ACE inhibitors, these drugs inhibit the production of angiotensin II, giving them a potential role in slowing the progression of glomerular sclerosis. (medscape.com)

Angiotensin I" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (harvard.edu)

Matthew D. Taylor, MD, provides insight into the potential effects of angiotensin II on bacterial clearance and the systemic inflammatory response in clinical sepsis. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Angiotensin II was found to be associated with an increase in the myeloid innate immune response during severe systemic infection, suggesting angiotensin II may improve immune responses in the setting of clinical sepsis. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)

Angiotensin I appears to have no direct biological activity and exists solely as a precursor to angiotensin II. (wikidoc.org)

Biological Function Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. (qedbio.com)
By preventing the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, it increases levels of plasma renin and reduces aldosterone secretion. (medscape.com)
It is a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist that blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II. (medscape.com)
Prevents conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, resulting in lower aldosterone secretion. (medscape.com)

PD 123319 is a potent, selective AT2 angiotensin II receptor antagonist with IC50 of 34 nM. (selleckchem.com)
EMA401, an orally administered highly selective angiotensin II type 2 receptor antagonist, as a novel treatment for postherpetic neuralgia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 clinical trial. (ox.ac.uk)

Angiotensin II also increases aldosterone secretion, therefore, it acts as an endocrine , autocrine / paracrine , and intracrine hormone. (wikidoc.org)
Reduces angiotensin II levels, decreasing aldosterone secretion. (medscape.com)

Angiotensin I (a decapeptide) is converted by ACE-1 to angiotensin II (an octapeptide). (cebm.net)

Importantly, angiotensin II is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved to treat hypotension of the type that often accompanies sepsis. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
We tested the hypothesis that angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor activating autoantibodies, which occur in women with preeclampsia, contribute to increased production of sFlt-1. (aston.ac.uk)
A new drug class called angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI's) combines an ARB drug with a new type of drug. (medlineplus.gov)
The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) is a new target for neuropathic pain. (ox.ac.uk)

Based on the agreements emanating from the special protocol assessment to assess blood pressure effects, the data from this single study supported approval of angiotensin II by the Food and Drug Administration for marketing in the USA. (medscape.com)
Multiple short-term effects of lead on the renin-angiotensin system. (cdc.gov)
The effects of lead (7439921) on the relationship between plasma renin and angiotensin II were studied. (cdc.gov)
The effects of lead, 0.5 milligrams per minute, administered by continuous infusion for 3 hours, on these parameters and on arterial angiotensin II were measured. (cdc.gov)
Beneficial effects of angiotensin-(1-7) against deoxycorticosterone acetate-induced diastolic dysfunction occur independently of changes in blood pressure. (harvard.edu)
The anti-inflammatory effects of Angiotensin (1-7) treatment are associated with a reduction in the phosphorylated forms of p38 MAPK, ERK1/2 and Akt post DSS induction, the anti-inflammatory properties of Angiotensin (1-7) are in part mediated through reduction of Ang II levels. (selleckchem.com)
Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has long been central to pathogenic and progressive changes of DN, and its effects seem more local rather than in the circulation[ 6 ]. (medsci.org)
To assess the effects of angiotensin II on the immune response to CLP, the researchers randomly assigned 4 cohorts of mice to 4 different treatments. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
It is too soon to say which patients might benefit from the immune effects of angiotensin II in sepsis. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
There are theoretical reasons as to why angiotensin II might be preferable to norepinephrine - the current first-line drug - that include but are not limited to its associated immune effects. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
The mechanistic basis for the disparate effects of angiotensin II on coronary collateral growth. (omeka.net)

Angiotensin (1-7) decreases the myostatin-dependent increment of E3 ubiquitin ligases and ROS, the NF-κB signaling induced by myostatin, the myostatin-dependent activity through the mas receptor and Akt/PKB activity in C 2 C 12 myotubes. (selleckchem.com)

This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of blueberry anthocyanin (BBA) on Angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and its regulation mechanisms involving Bax and Caspase 3. (medscimonit.com)

Candesartan (CV-11974) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist with IC50 of 0.26 nM. (selleckchem.com)

The use of angiotensin II to raise the mean arterial pressure (MAP) could provide additional therapy and the opportunity to evaluate a catecholaminesparing effect by decreasing the dose of concomitant catecholamines while maintaining a target MAP. (medscape.com)

Renin-angiotensin system gene polymorphisms and endometrial cancer. (cdc.gov)

The trial provided substantial evidence of the effectiveness of angiotensin II in raising blood pressure over placebo in patients with distributive shock, while keeping catecholamine levels constant. (medscape.com)
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in maintaining blood pressure homeostasis, as well as fluid and salt balance. (nih.gov)
It is part of the renin-angiotensin system , which regulates blood pressure. (wikidoc.org)
Angiotensin II increases blood pressure by stimulating the Gq protein in vascular smooth muscle cells (which in turn activates an IP3-dependent mechanism leading to a rise in intracellular calcium levels and ultimately causing contraction). (wikidoc.org)
Normal pregnancy is associated with decreased uterine vascular contraction and increased blood flow even though angiotensin II (AngII) levels are increased. (bioone.org)
We found that angiotensin II increased white blood cell (specifically neutrophil and monocyte) trafficking toward the source of angiotensin II. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
In our model, where that source was in the peritoneum, those white blood cells were able to clear bacteria more quickly than that which occurred in the absence of angiotensin II. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Angiotensin II also increases the ability of white blood cells to kill bacteria through phagocytosis. (infectiousdiseaseadvisor.com)
Interferon deficiency had no impact on blood pressure elevation or urinary albumin excretion during chronic angiotensin II infusion. (duke.edu)
It works by blocking the angiotensin II receptor, thereby relaxing the blood vessels and lowering the blood pressure. (apollopharmacy.in)
The role of the sympathetic nervous system, epinephrine, norepinephrine, adrenocorticotrophic hormone, and the renin angiotensin aldosterone system in the control of blood pressure was discussed. (cdc.gov)

Anatomy1

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs16

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment3

Phenomena and Processes3

The subtype 2 of angiotensin II receptors and pressure-natriuresis in adult rat kidneys. (1/383)

Cardiac growth factors in human hypertrophy. Relations with myocardial contractility and wall stress. (2/383)

Angiotensin regulates the selectivity of the Na+-K+ pump for intracellular Na+. (3/383)

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats. (4/383)

Self-protection by cardiac myocytes against hypoxia and hyperoxia. (5/383)

Regulated expression of human angiotensinogen gene by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor. (6/383)

Evaluation of the angiotensin challenge methodology for assessing the pharmacodynamic profile of antihypertensive drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system. (7/383)

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme antisense gene therapy causes permanent antihypertensive effects in the SHR. (8/383)

Angiotensins

Angiotensin III

Angiotensin I

Angiotensin II

Renin

Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A

Renin-Angiotensin System

Angiotensinogen

Receptors, Angiotensin

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Captopril

Losartan

Radioimmunoassay

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Kidney

Blood Pressure

Peptide Fragments

Shock

Vasopressins

Arginine Vasopressin

Vasoconstrictor Agents

Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1

Vasodilation

The subtype 2 of angiotensin II receptors and pressure-natriuresis in adult rat kidneys. (1/383)

Cardiac growth factors in human hypertrophy. Relations with myocardial contractility and wall stress. (2/383)

Angiotensin regulates the selectivity of the Na+-K+ pump for intracellular Na+. (3/383)

Central lead administration inhibits water intake and sodium appetite in rats. (4/383)

Self-protection by cardiac myocytes against hypoxia and hyperoxia. (5/383)

Regulated expression of human angiotensinogen gene by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor. (6/383)

Evaluation of the angiotensin challenge methodology for assessing the pharmacodynamic profile of antihypertensive drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system. (7/383)

Angiotensin I-converting enzyme antisense gene therapy causes permanent antihypertensive effects in the SHR. (8/383)

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