Angiotensinogen
An alpha-globulin of about 453 amino acids, depending on the species. It is produced by the liver and secreted into blood circulation. Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of natural angiotensins. Upon successive enzyme cleavages, angiotensinogen yields angiotensin I, II, and III with amino acids numbered at 10, 8, and 7, respectively.
Angiotensins
Renin-Angiotensin System
A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.
Renin
Angiotensin II
An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.
Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
A peptidyl-dipeptidase that catalyzes the release of a C-terminal dipeptide, -Xaa-*-Xbb-Xcc, when neither Xaa nor Xbb is Pro. It is a Cl(-)-dependent, zinc glycoprotein that is generally membrane-bound and active at neutral pH. It may also have endopeptidase activity on some substrates. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 3.4.15.1.
Hypertension
Angiotensin I
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
Mestranol
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Receptors, Angiotensin
Kidney
Polymorphism, Genetic
The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.
Methyltestosterone
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
Animals, Genetically Modified
Genotype
Losartan
Rats, Inbred WKY
Rats, Inbred SHR
Rats, Transgenic
Kidney Tubules, Proximal
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Eosinophil Major Basic Protein
Subfornical Organ
Alleles
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
Captopril
A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.
Gene Expression Regulation
Glomerulonephritis, IGA
Gene Frequency
Antibodies
Antibody Specificity
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Myocardium
Heart Ventricles
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.
Aryldialkylphosphatase
An enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of an aryl-dialkyl phosphate to form dialkyl phosphate and an aryl alcohol. It can hydrolyze a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. It may also mediate an enzymatic protection of LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS against oxidative modification and the consequent series of events leading to ATHEROMA formation. The enzyme was previously regarded to be identical with Arylesterase (EC 3.1.1.2).
Diabetic Nephropathies
KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.
Kidney Tubules, Collecting
Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms M235T/T174M: no excess transmission to hypertensive Chinese. (1/836)
The gene encoding angiotensinogen (AGT) has been widely studied as a candidate gene for hypertension. Most studies to date have relied on case-control analysis to test for an excess of AGT variants among hypertensive cases compared with normotensive controls. However, with this design, nothing guarantees that a positive finding is due to actual allelic association as opposed to an inappropriate control population. To avoid this difficulty in our study of essential hypertension in Anqing, China, we tested AGT variants using the transmission/disequilibrium test, a procedure that bypasses the need for a control sample by testing for excessive transmission of a genetic variant from parents heterozygous for that variant. We analyzed two AGT polymorphisms, M235T and T174M, which have been associated with essential hypertension in whites and Japanese, using data on 335 hypertensive subjects from 315 nuclear families and their parents. Except in the group of subjects younger than 25 years, M235 and T174 were the more frequently transmitted alleles. We found that 194 parents heterozygous for M235T transmitted M235 106 times (P=0.22) and that 102 parents heterozygous for T174M transmitted T174 60 times (P=0.09). Stratifying offspring by gender, M235 and T174 were transmitted 60 of 106 times (P=0.21) and 44 of 75 times (P=0.17), respectively, in men, and 46 of 88 times (P=0.75) and 16 of 27 times (P=0.44), respectively, in women. Our results were also negative in all age groups and for the affected offspring with blood pressure values >/=160/95 mm Hg. Thus, this study provides no evidence that either allele of M235T or T174M contributes to hypertension in this Chinese population. (+info)Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces Mdm2 and down-regulates p53, attenuating the myocyte renin-angiotensin system and stretch-mediated apoptosis. (2/836)
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 inhibits apoptosis, but its mechanism is unknown. Myocyte stretching activates p53 and p53-dependent genes, leading to the formation of angiotensin II (Ang II) and apoptosis. Therefore, this in vitro system was used to determine whether IGF-1 interfered with p53 function and the local renin-angiotensin system (RAS), decreasing stretch-induced cell death. A single dose of 200 ng/ml IGF-1 at the time of stretching decreased myocyte apoptosis 43% and 61% at 6 and 20 hours. Ang II concentration was reduced 52% at 20 hours. Additionally, p53 DNA binding to angiotensinogen (Aogen), AT1 receptor, and Bax was markedly down-regulated by IGF-1 via the induction of Mdm2 and the formation of Mdm2-p53 complexes. Concurrently, the quantity of p53, Aogen, renin, AT1 receptor, and Bax was reduced in stretched myocytes exposed to IGF-1. Conversely, Bcl-2 and the Bcl-2-to-Bax protein ratio increased. The effects of IGF-1 on cell death, Ang II synthesis, and Bax protein were the consequence of Mdm2-induced down-regulation of p53 function. In conclusion, the anti-apoptotic impact of IGF-1 on stretched myocytes was mediated by its capacity to depress p53 transcriptional activity, which limited Ang II formation and attenuated the susceptibility of myocytes to trigger their endogenous cell death pathway. (+info)Blood pressure reduction and diabetes insipidus in transgenic rats deficient in brain angiotensinogen. (3/836)
Angiotensin produced systemically or locally in tissues such as the brain plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure and in the development of hypertension. We have established transgenic rats [TGR(ASrAOGEN)] expressing an antisense RNA against angiotensinogen mRNA specifically in the brain. In these animals, the brain angiotensinogen level is reduced by more than 90% and the drinking response to intracerebroventricular renin infusions is decreased markedly compared with control rats. Blood pressure of transgenic rats is lowered by 8 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133 Pa) compared with control rats. Crossbreeding of TGR(ASrAOGEN) with a hypertensive transgenic rat strain exhibiting elevated angiotensin II levels in tissues results in a marked attenuation of the hypertensive phenotype. Moreover, TGR(ASrAOGEN) exhibit a diabetes insipidus-like syndrome producing an increased amount of urine with decreased osmolarity. The observed reduction in plasma vasopressin by 35% may mediate these phenotypes of TGR(ASrAOGEN). This new animal model presenting long-term and tissue-specific down-regulation of angiotensinogen corroborates the functional significance of local angiotensin production in the brain for the central regulation of blood pressure and for the pathogenesis of hypertension. (+info)Local renin-angiotensin system is involved in K+-induced aldosterone secretion from human adrenocortical NCI-H295 cells. (4/836)
NCI-H295, a human adrenocarcinoma cell line, has been proposed as a model system to define the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the regulation of aldosterone production in humans. Because the precise cellular localization of the components of the renin-angiotensin system in human adrenal cortical cells remains unclear, we investigated their localization in this defined cell system. NCI-H295 cells expressed both angiotensinogen and renin as shown by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Human angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) was not detectable by immunocytochemistry, ACE binding, or reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. However, 3.5 mmol/L K+ stimulated the formation of both angiotensin I and angiotensin II 1. 9- and 2.5-fold, respectively, and increased aldosterone release 3. 0-fold. The K+-induced stimulation of aldosterone release was decreased by captopril and enalaprilat (24% and 26%, respectively) and by the angiotensin type 1 (AT1)-receptor antagonist losartan (28%). Angiotensin II-induced stimulation of aldosterone release was abolished by losartan treatment. Specific [125I]Sar1-angiotensin II binding was detected by receptor autoradiography. The binding of [125I]Sar1-angiotensin II was completely displaced by the AT1 antagonist losartan but not by the AT2 receptor ligand PD 123319, confirming the expression of angiotensin II AT1 receptors in NCI-H295 cells. Our results demonstrate that NCI-H295 cells express most of the components of the renin-angiotensin system. Our failure to detect ACE, however, suggests that the production of angiotensin II in NCI-H295 cells may be ACE independent. NCI-H295 cells are able to produce angiotensin II, and K+ increases aldosterone secretion in part through an angiotensin-mediated pathway. The production of angiotensin II in NCI-H295 cells demonstrates that this human cell line can be useful to characterize the role of locally produced angiotensin II in the regulation of aldosterone release. (+info)The renal lesions that develop in neonatal mice during angiotensin inhibition mimic obstructive nephropathy. (5/836)
BACKGROUND: Inhibition of angiotensin action, pharmacologically or genetically, during the neonatal period leads to renal anomalies involving hypoplastic papilla and dilated calyx. Recently, we documented that angiotensinogen (Agt -/-) or angiotensin type 1 receptor nullizygotes (Agtr1 -/-) do not develop renal pelvis nor ureteral peristaltic movement, both of which are essential for isolating the kidney from the high downstream ureteral pressure. We therefore examined whether these renal anomalies could be characterized as "obstructive" nephropathy. METHODS: Agtr1 -/- neonatal mice were compared with wild-type neonates, the latter subjected to surgical complete unilateral ureteral ligation (UUO), by analyzing morphometrical, immunohistochemical, and molecular indices. Agtr1 -/- mice were also subjected to a complete UUO and were compared with wild-type UUO mice by quantitative analysis. To assess the function of the urinary tract, baseline pelvic and ureteral pressures were measured. RESULTS: The structural anomalies were qualitatively indistinguishable between the Agtr1 -/- without surgical obstruction versus the wild type with complete UUO. Thus, in both kidneys, the calyx was enlarged, whereas the papilla was atrophic; tubulointerstitial cells underwent proliferation and also apoptosis. Both were also characterized by interstitial macrophage infiltration and fibrosis, and within the local lesion, transforming growth factor-beta 1, platelet-derived growth factor-A and insulin-like growth factor-1 were up-regulated, whereas epidermal growth factor was down-regulated. Moreover, quantitative differences that exist between mutant kidneys without surgical obstruction and wild-type kidneys with surgical UUO were abolished when both underwent the same complete surgical UUO. The hydraulic baseline pressure was always lower in the pelvis than that in the ureter in the wild type, whereas this pressure gradient was reversed in the mutant. CONCLUSION: The abnormal kidney structure that develops in neonates during angiotensin inhibition is attributed largely to "functional obstruction" of the urinary tract caused by the defective development of peristaltic machinery. (+info)Molecular mechanism(s) of action of isoproterenol on the expression of the angiotensinogen gene in opossum kidney proximal tubular cells. (6/836)
BACKGROUND: beta-adrenoceptors are present in the renal proximal tubules. We have previously reported that isoproterenol stimulates the accumulation of intracellular cAMP and the expression of the angiotensinogen (ANG) gene in opossum kidney (OK) proximal tubular cells via the beta 1-adrenoceptor. We hypothesized that the molecular mechanism(s) of action of isoproterenol on the expression of the ANG gene is mediated via the interaction of the phosphorylated cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and the cAMP-responsive element (CRE; that is, ANG N-806/-779) in the 5'-flanking region of the rat ANG gene. METHODS: The fusion genes containing the putative ANG-CRE of the rat ANG gene inserted upstream of the rat ANG basal promoter (ANG N-53/+18) fused to a human growth hormone (hGH) gene as reporter were stably cotransfected, with or without the plasmid containing the cDNA for 43 kDa CREB, into the OK cells. The effect of various agonists and antagonists of adrenoceptors on the expression of the fusion genes was evaluated by the amount of immunoreactive hGH secreted into the culture medium. The interactions of OK cellular nuclear protein(s) with the ANG N-806/779 were determined by gel mobility shift assays and by Southwestern and Western blot analysis. RESULTS: The addition of isoproterenol, forskolin, or 8-Bromo-cAMP (8-Br-cAMP) stimulated the expression of pOGH (ANG N-806/-779/-53/+18) by 135, 150, and 160%, respectively, but not mutants of the ANG N-806/-779. The stimulatory effect of isoproterenol was blocked in the presence of propranolol, Rp-cAMP, and atenolol, but not by the presence of stauro-sporine, U73122, and ICI 118,551. Transient transfection of the plasmid containing the cDNA for the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A further enhanced the stimulatory effect of 43 kDa CREB on the expression of the fusion gene. The gel mobility shift assays revealed the the nuclear protein(s) of OK cells binds to the radioactive-labeled ANG N-806/-779. The binding of the labeled ANG N-806/-779 to the OK cell nuclear protein(s) was displaced by unlabeled ANG N-806/-779, but not by the CRE of the somatostatin gene, the CRE of the tyrosine amino-transferase gene, or the mutants of the ANG N-806/-779. Southwestern blot analysis revealed that the labeled ANG N-806/-779 binds to two nuclear species of 43 and 35 kDa proteins. Western blot analysis, however, revealed that rabbit polyclonal antibodies against the 43 kDa CREB interacted with only the 43 kDa molecular species but not with the 35 kDa species. CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate that the stimulatory effect of isoproterenol on the expression of the ANG gene may be mediated, at least in part, via the interaction of the phosphorylated CREB and the CRE in the 5'-flanking region of the rat ANG gene. The novel 35 kDa nuclear protein that is immunologically different from the 43 kDa CREB may also play a role in the expression of the ANG gene. (+info)Homeostasis in mice with genetically decreased angiotensinogen is primarily by an increased number of renin-producing cells. (7/836)
Here we investigate the biochemical, molecular, and cellular changes directed toward blood pressure homeostasis that occur in the endocrine branch of the renin-angiotensin system of mice having one angiotensinogen gene inactivated. No compensatory up-regulation of the remaining normal allele occurs in the liver, the main tissue of angiotensinogen synthesis. No significant changes occur in expression of the genes coding for the angiotensin converting enzyme or the major pressor-mediating receptor for angiotensin, but plasma renin concentration in the mice having only one copy of the angiotensinogen gene is greater than twice wild-type. This increase is mediated primarily by a modest increase in the proportion of renal glomeruli producing renin in their juxtaglomerular apparatus and by four times wild-type numbers of renin-producing cells along afferent arterioles of the glomeruli rather than by up-regulating renin production in cells already committed to its synthesis. (+info)In vivo enzymatic assay reveals catalytic activity of the human renin precursor in tissues. (8/836)
The aspartyl protease renin is secreted into the circulation of mammals in 2 forms: the proteolytically processed active form of the enzyme and the precursor form, prorenin. Prorenin has no detectable enzymatic activity in the circulation, but it is the exclusive form of the enzyme produced by several tissues that also produce the other components of the renin enzymatic cascade (renin-angiotensin system). To test whether prorenin might be enzymatically active in these tissues, transgenic mice expressing the human renin substrate (angiotensinogen) exclusively in the pituitary gland were mated to mice expressing either active human renin or prorenin in the same tissue. Measurement of in vivo product formation in pituitary glands of double-transgenic mice revealed that human prorenin was enzymatically active, and Western blot analysis demonstrated that this prorenin was in the precursor form with its prosegment attached. This in vivo enzymatic assay demonstrates for the first time that human prorenin can be activated within tissues by nonproteolytic means, where it could contribute to the activity of a localized renin-angiotensin system. (+info)
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Recombinant Human Angiotensinogen protein (ab191974)
Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14), porcine | Buy Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14), porcine from Supplier AdooQ®
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Angiotensinogen Detection
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RBRC01120
Angiotensinogen secretion by single rat pituitary cells: detection by a reverse haemolytic plaque assay and cell identification...
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BIOETYMOLOGY : ORIGIN IN BIOMEDICAL TERMS: angiotensinogen
Angiotensinogen Definition and Examples - Biology Online Dictionary
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Angiotensin
... ogenEdit. Angiotensinogen (AGT) is an α-2-globulin produced constitutively and released into the circulation mainly ... Human angiotensinogen is 453 amino acids long, but other species have angiotensinogen of varying sizes. The first 12 amino ... Plasma angiotensinogen levels are increased by plasma corticosteroid, estrogen, thyroid hormone, and angiotensin II levels. ... Angiotensin I (CAS# 11128-99-7) is formed by the action of renin on angiotensinogen. Renin cleaves the peptide bond between the ...
Captopril
In the late 1960s, John Vane of the Royal College of Surgeons of England was working on mechanisms by which the body regulates blood pressure.[13] He was joined by Sérgio Henrique Ferreira of Brazil, who had been studying the venom of a Brazilian pit viper, the jararaca (Bothrops jararaca), and brought a sample of the viper's venom. Vane's team found that one of the venom's peptides selectively inhibited the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which was thought to function in blood pressure regulation; the snake venom functions by severely depressing blood pressure. During the 1970s, ACE was found to elevate blood pressure by controlling the release of water and salts from the kidneys. Captopril, an analog of the snake venom's ACE-inhibiting peptide, was first synthesized in 1975 by three researchers at the U.S. drug company E.R. Squibb & Sons Pharmaceuticals (now Bristol-Myers Squibb): Miguel Ondetti, Bernard Rubin, and David Cushman. Squibb filed for U.S. patent protection on the ...
Renin-angiotensin system
Plasma renin then carries out the conversion of angiotensinogen, released by the liver, to angiotensin I.[2] Angiotensin I is ... Renin cleaves a decapeptide from angiotensinogen, a globular protein. The decapeptide is known as angiotensin I. ... angiotensinogen is picked up from the circulation or expressed locally in some tissues; with renin they form angiotensin I, and ...
Angiotensin II receptor
Propeptides: Angiotensinogen. *Angiotensin I. Combinations:. *Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide. *Valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide/ ...
Biochemical cascade
"Interleukin-6 Mediates Angiotensinogen Gene Expression during Liver Regeneration". PLOS ONE. 8 (7): e67868. Bibcode:2013PLoSO ... Dzau, VJ; Herrmann, HC (15-22 February 1982). "Hormonal control of angiotensinogen production". Life Sciences. 30 (7-8): 577-84 ... Angiotensinogen expression Regenerate itself by hepatocyte mitosis Via STAT and Gab1: RAS/MAPK, PLC/IP3 and PI3K/FAK Cell ...
Serpin
Sethi AA, Nordestgaard BG, Tybjaerg-Hansen A (July 2003). "Angiotensinogen gene polymorphism, plasma angiotensinogen, and risk ... Tanimoto K, Sugiyama F, Goto Y, Ishida J, Takimoto E, Yagami K, Fukamizu A, Murakami K (December 1994). "Angiotensinogen- ... Jeunemaitre X, Gimenez-Roqueplo AP, Célérier J, Corvol P (1999). "Angiotensinogen variants and human hypertension". Current ... Dickson ME, Sigmund CD (July 2006). "Genetic basis of hypertension: revisiting angiotensinogen". Hypertension. 48 (1): 14-20. ...
African Society of Hypertension (AfSoH) Initiative
Dickson ME, Sigmund CD (July 2006). "Genetic basis of hypertension: revisiting angiotensinogen". Hypertension. 48 (1): 14-20. ...
Essential hypertension
One of these genes is the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, studied extensively by Kim et al. They showed that increasing the number ... Dickson ME, Sigmund CD (July 2006). "Genetic basis of hypertension: revisiting angiotensinogen". Hypertension. 48 (1): 14-20. ...
Angiotensin
... but angiotensinogen has an elongated N-terminus compared to other serpin family proteins. Angiotensinogen is also known as ... Angiotensinogen is an α-2-globulin synthesized in the liver and is a precursor for angiotensin, but has also been indicated as ... Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile-... Plasma angiotensinogen levels are increased by plasma corticosteroid, ... It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver. Angiotensin was isolated in ...
Randy Read
"A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release". Nature. 468 (7320): 108-11. doi:10.1038/nature09505. PMC ...
Renin inhibitor
... s bind to the active site of renin and inhibit the binding of renin to angiotensinogen, which is the rate- ... Renin is a circulating enzyme that acts on a circulating peptide, angiotensinogen. Renin cleaves the peptide at the Leu10-Val11 ... Renin is highly selective for its only naturally occurring substrate which is angiotensinogen, and the incidence of unwanted ... The first generation of renin inhibitors, such as H-142, were peptide analogues of angiotensinogen. However, these inhibitors ...
Pierre Corvol
Role of angiotensinogen. Cell 71 : 169-180, 1992. Rousseau A., Michaud A., Chauvet M-T., Lenfant M. and Corvol P. The ... Role of angiotensinogen". Cell. 71 (1): 169-80. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(92)90275-H. PMID 1394429. Dive, V.; Cotton, J.; Yiotakis ...
Losartan
Renin then acts by converting angiotensinogen to angiotensin I; angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) converts angiotensin I to ...
Blood pressure
Renin converts angiotensinogen (inactive form) to angiotensin I (active form). Angiotensin I flows in the bloodstream until it ...
Renal tissue kallikrein
"Kinetic studies of rat renin and tonin on purified rat angiotensinogen". Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. 62 ...
Pathophysiology of hypertension
February 1999). "Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms M235T/T174M: no excess transmission to hypertensive Chinese". Hypertension ... It performs this function by breaking down (hydrolysing) angiotensinogen, secreted from the liver, into the peptide angiotensin ... angiotensinogen and epithelial sodium channel". Hypertension. 33 (6): 1324-31. doi:10.1161/01.hyp.33.6.1324. PMID 10373210. ...
RREB1
2005). "Finb, a multiple zinc finger protein, represses transcription of the human angiotensinogen gene". Int. J. Mol. Med. 13 ...
Osteopontin
Ricardo SD, Franzoni DF, Roesener CD, Crisman JM, Diamond JR (May 2000). "Angiotensinogen and AT(1) antisense inhibition of ...
Aortic insufficiency
Renin, a proteolytic enzyme, cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II. In the case of ...
Serge Carrière
"Effect of Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade on the Expression of the Angiotensinogen Gene and Induction of Hypertrophy in Rat ... "Effect of renin-angiotensin system blockade on the expression of the angiotensinogen gene and induction of hypertrophy in rat ... "RAS blockade decreases blood pressure and proteinuria in transgenic mice over-expressing rat angiotensinogen gene in the kidney ... "Reactive oxygen species blockade and action of insulin on expression of angiotensinogen gene in proximal tubular cells". ...
Endothiapepsin
... endothiapepsin and its complex with an angiotensinogen fragment analogue, H-142". Biochemical Society Transactions. 13 (6): ...
Aliskiren
It cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is in turn converted by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to angiotensin ... Binding to this pocket prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. Aliskiren is also available as combination ...
Penbutolol
Under normal physiological conditions, the enzyme renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I, which will then be converted ...
Fosinopril
Renin converts the inactive angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II (AII) by angiotensin ...
Forasartan
"Upregulation of immunoreactive angiotensin II release and angiotensinogen mRNA expression by high-frequency preganglionic ...
Renin receptor
Binding of renin to this receptor induces the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. This protein is associated with ...
Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A
June 1995). "Identification of angiotensinogen and complement C3dg as novel proteins binding the proform of eosinophil major ...
Leucyl/cystinyl aminopeptidase
The protein catalyzes the final step in the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin IV (AT4) and is also a receptor for ...
Homeostasis
... from a plasma α-2-globulin called angiotensinogen. This decapeptide is known as angiotensin I. It has no known biological ...
Subfornical organ
... participates in the control of body fluid homeostasis by regulating angiotensinogen gene transcription in the rat subfornical ...
Angiotensinogen | Define Angiotensinogen at Dictionary.com
Molecular regulation of plasma and tissue angiotensinogen | SpringerLink
High Molecular Weight Form Angiotensinogen Gene Renin System Renin Substrate Angiotensinogen mRNA These keywords were added by ... Gaillard I, Clauser E, Corvol P: Structure of human angiotensinogen gene. DNA1989, 8: 87 - 89.PubMedCrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Kimura S, Iwao H, Fukui K, Abe Y, Tanaka S Effect of thyroid hormone on angiotensinogen and renin mRNA levels in rat. Jpn J ... Ben-Ari ET, Garrison JC Regulation of angiotensinogen mRNA accumulation in rat hepatocytes. Am J Physiol 1988, 255:E70-E79 ...
Angiotensinogen Variants among Resistant Hypertensive Patients
... Natalia Ruggeri Barbaro, Vanessa Fontana, and Heitor Moreno ... angiotensinogen, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase genes," DNA and Cell Biology, vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 555-564, 2011. View at ... the main finding was the association of two genetic variants in the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene, the M allele of rs699 and the G ...
Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen reflects intrarenal angiotensinogen production. - PubMed - NCBI
Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen reflects intrarenal angiotensinogen production.. Kobori H1, Harrison-Bernard LM, Navar LG. ... Urine levels of angiotensinogen after the treatment evaluated by radioimmunoassay were plotted against kidney (A) and plasma (B ... Urinary levels of angiotensinogen were highly correlated with kidney Ang II content, but not with the plasma Ang II level. ... The high salt (H/S) diet alone did not alter urinary angiotensinogen levels in sham animals (H/S + Sham; ); however, Ang II ...
Angiotensinogen Detection
The Human Angiotensinogen ELISA uses two highly specific antibodies to measure angiotensin precursor levels in a variety of ... Angiotensinogen Detection. Angiotensinogen (also known as serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8; Serpin A8, Ang, Ang II ... Anti-Mouse/Rat Angiotensinogen (405) Rabbit IgG Affinity Purify 10 ug $125.00 ... Anti-Human Angiotensinogen (104AT 601.2.80) Mouse IgG MoAb 10 ug $126.00 ...
Gene transcriptions/Elements/Angiotensinogen core promoters - Wikiversity
Angiotensinogen[edit , edit source]. The diagram consists of spacefilling models of angiotensin I (left) and angiotensin II ( ... Angiotensinogen core promoter element 1 (AGCE1) is an example of a core promoter element that may occur in a DNA sequence for ... HGNC (February 7, 2013). AGT angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) [ Homo sapiens ]. 8600 Rockville ... Gene transcriptions/Elements/Angiotensinogen core promoters. From Wikiversity. , Gene transcriptions/Elements(Redirected from ...
Recombinant Human Angiotensinogen protein (ab191974)
Angiotensinogen ELISA Kits | Biocompare.com
Agt - Angiotensinogen precursor - Mus musculus (Mouse) - Agt gene & protein
AngiotensinogenAdd BLAST. 453. ,p>This subsection of the PTM / Processing section describes the position and length of an ... "A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release.". Zhou A., Carrell R.W., Murphy M.P., Wei Z., Yan Y., Stanley ... IPR000227 Angiotensinogen. IPR023796 Serpin_dom. IPR000215 Serpin_fam. IPR036186 Serpin_sf. PANTHERi. PTHR11461 PTHR11461, 1 ... Angiotensinogen is present in the circulation in a near 40:60 ratio with the oxidized disulfide-bonded form, which ...
Agt - Angiotensinogen precursor - Rattus norvegicus (Rat) - Agt gene & protein
IPR000227, Angiotensinogen. IPR033834, Angiotensinogen_serpin_dom. IPR023796, Serpin_dom. IPR000215, Serpin_fam. IPR036186 ... IPR000227, Angiotensinogen. IPR033834, Angiotensinogen_serpin_dom. IPR023796, Serpin_dom. IPR000215, Serpin_fam. IPR036186 ... AngiotensinogenAdd BLAST. 453. ,p>This subsection of the PTM / Processing section describes the position and length of an ... "A redox switch in angiotensinogen modulates angiotensin release.". Zhou A., Carrell R.W., Murphy M.P., Wei Z., Yan Y., Stanley ...
Urinary angiotensinogen and risk of severe AKI.
Angiotensinogen had the best discriminative characteristics. Urinary angiotensinogen was subsequently measured by ELISA and its ... Angiotensinogen / urine*. Biological Markers / urine. Female. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Prognosis. Risk. Severity of Illness ... RESULTS: The urine angiotensinogen/creatinine ratio (uAnCR) predicted worsening of AKI, Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) ... These data are the first to demonstrate the utility of angiotensinogen as a prognostic biomarker of AKI after cardiac surgery. ...
RCSB PDB - 2WXX: Crystal structure of mouse angiotensinogen in the oxidised form
ANGIOTENSINOGEN. A, B, C, D. 453. Mus musculus. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: Agt, Serpina8. ... A Redox Switch in Angiotensinogen Modulates Angiotensin Release.. Zhou, A., Carrell, R.W., Murphy, M.P., Wei, Z., Yan, Y., ... Although angiotensinogen has long been regarded as a passive substrate, the crystal structures solved here to 2.1 Å resolution ... Here we show that the reduced unbridged form of angiotensinogen is present in the circulation in a near 40:60 ratio with the ...
Angiotensinogen Gene and Blood Pressure in the Japanese Population | Hypertension
... the TT genotype of the angiotensinogen gene has been reported to be associated with a higher plasma level of angiotensinogen ... and genotype of the angiotensinogen gene (P=.2239, coefficient=−11.033 [TT=0, TM+MM=1]). The genotype of the angiotensinogen ... Angiotensinogen Gene and Blood Pressure in the Japanese Population. Naoharu Iwai, Hitoshi Shimoike, Nobuyuki Ohmichi, Masahiko ... Angiotensinogen Gene and Blood Pressure in the Japanese Population. Naoharu Iwai, Hitoshi Shimoike, Nobuyuki Ohmichi and ...
Angiotensinogen Gene Knockout Delays and Attenuates Cold-Induced Hypertension | Hypertension
Angiotensinogen Gene Knockout Delays and Attenuates Cold-Induced Hypertension. Zhongjie Sun, Robert Cade, Zhonge Zhang, James ... Angiotensinogen Gene Knockout Delays and Attenuates Cold-Induced Hypertension. Zhongjie Sun, Robert Cade, Zhonge Zhang, James ... Angiotensinogen Gene Knockout Delays and Attenuates Cold-Induced Hypertension. Zhongjie Sun, Robert Cade, Zhonge Zhang, James ... Two groups of wild-type (WT) mice and 2 groups of angiotensinogen gene knockout (Agt-KO) mice (6 per group) were used. After ...
JCI -
Reduced angiotensinogen expression attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy in mice
Reduced angiotensinogen expression attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy in mice. ... Reduced angiotensinogen expression attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy in mice. ... to obstructive nephropathy in neonatal mice having zero to four functional copies of the angiotensinogen gene (Agt). Two-day- ...
Anti-Angiotensinogen Antibodies | Invitrogen
...
27 antibodies to Angiotensinogen and validated for use in 6 applications (Immunohistochemistry,Western Blot,Flow Cytometry, ... Angiotensinogen Antibodies The protein encoded by AGT, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the ... Angiotensinogen; angiotensinogen (PAT); angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8); Des-Asp[1]-angiotensin ... II; pre-angiotensinogen; serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor; Serpin A8; serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8 ...
Serpin A8/Angiotensinogen Products: R&D Systems
WikiGenes - Agt - angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase...
The angiotensinogen gene of Swiss mice is closely linked to a retrovirus-like element. Clouston, W.M. DNA Cell Biol. (1990) [ ... Influence of the angiotensinogen gene on the ovulatory capacity of mice. Hefler, L.A., Gregg, A.R. Fertil. Steril. (2001) [ ... Genetic control of fertility and embryonic waste in the mouse: A rolefor angiotensinogen. Tempfer, C.B., Moreno, R.M., Gregg, A ... Reduced angiotensinogen expression attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy in mice. Fern, R.J., Yesko ...
Renal Angiotensinogen Gene Expression and Tubular Atrophy in Diabetic Nephropathy | IntechOpen
Angiotensinogen is related to the antitrypsin-antithrombin-ovalbumin family
The recently reported amino acid sequence of rat angiotensinogen was subjected to a computer-assisted search for homology with ... Angiotensinogen is related to the antitrypsin-antithrombin-ovalbumin family Science. 1983 Oct 28;222(4622):417-9. doi: 10.1126/ ... The recently reported amino acid sequence of rat angiotensinogen was subjected to a computer-assisted search for homology with ...
Prorenin, Renin, Angiotensinogen, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Normal and Failing Human Hearts | Circulation
Angiotensinogen and ACE mRNAs have been detected in normal cardiac tissue.10 11 12 13 Angiotensinogen mRNA is increased during ... Measurements of Angiotensinogen, ACE, and Serum Albumin. Angiotensinogen was measured as the maximum quantity of Ang I that was ... The lower ratio for angiotensinogen than for albumin may suggest that the angiotensinogen consumption rate, and therefore the ... when incubated with sheep angiotensinogen to be similar to the Vmax when incubated with angiotensinogen prepared from ...
PRIME PubMed | Intrarenal RAS activity and urinary angiotensinogen excretion in anti-thymocyte serum nephritis rats
Intrarenal RAS activity and urinary angiotensinogen excretion in anti-thymocyte serum nephritis rats. Download Prime PubMed App ... Angiotensin IIAngiotensin II Type 1 Receptor BlockersAngiotensinogenAnimalsAntilymphocyte SerumBlood PressureGene Expression ... Intrarenal RAS activity and urinary angiotensinogen excretion in anti-thymocyte serum nephritis rats. Am J Physiol Renal ... Intrarenal RAS Activity and Urinary Angiotensinogen Excretion in Anti-thymocyte Serum Nephritis Rats. Am J Physiol Renal ...
Angiotensinogen Gene Promoter Region Variant Modifies Body Size-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Relations in Hypertension |...
Angiotensinogen Gene Promoter Region Variant Modifies Body Size-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Relations in Hypertension. Armindo D ... Angiotensinogen Gene Promoter Region Variant Modifies Body Size-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Relations in Hypertension ... Angiotensinogen Gene Promoter Region Variant Modifies Body Size-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Relations in Hypertension ... Angiotensinogen Gene Promoter Region Variant Modifies Body Size-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Relations in Hypertension ...
Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins (Homo sapiens) - WikiPathways
Metabolism of Angiotensinogen to Angiotensins (Homo sapiens). From WikiPathways. Revision as of 10:04, 11 June 2014 by ... After cleavage of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I by renin, two C-terminal amino acid residues of angiotensin I are removed by ... Angiotensinogen, a prohormone, is synthesized and secreted mainly by the liver but also from other tissues (reviewed in ... Haas E, Goldblatt H.; Kinetic constants of the human renin and human angiotensinogen reaction.; PubMed Europe PMC Scholia* ...
Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients |...
Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients. ... Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients ... RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a case-control study, the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) gene, the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene ( ... Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients ...
Increased blood pressure in transgenic mice expressing both human renin and angiotensinogen in the renal proximal tubule. -...
We conclude that dual production of renin and angiotensinogen in the renal proximal tubule can result in a systemic increase in ... Increased blood pressure in transgenic mice expressing both human renin and angiotensinogen in the renal proximal tubule.. ... we bred KAP2-hREN mice with the mice expressing human angiotensinogen under the same promoter (KAP-hAGT) to produce offspring ...
High Intensity Interval Training Favourably Affects Angiotensinogen mRNA Expression and Markers of Cardiorenal Health in a Rat...
Decreased levels of angiotensinogen using angiotensinogen-antibodies in rats [36] and Agt-knockout mice [37] exhibit lower ... A review on hepatic angiotensinogen [35] discusses the noteworthy influence that angiotensinogen has on blood pressure. ... Conversely, angiotensinogen infusion in mice [38] and Agt overexpression in rats [39] result in increased blood pressure. ... Evidence suggests that angiotensinogen is a more potent influencer of blood pressure than previously suspected [35, 39], often ...
Angiotensinogen Human ELISA | BioVendor
Angiotensinogen. By Technical Data. Angiotensinogen - Immunoassays. Angiotensinogen - Sandwich ELISA - Immunoassays. Human - ... Angiotensinogen - for Serum - Immunoassays. Angiotensinogen - for Urine - Immunoassays. Angiotensinogen - for Cerebrospinal ... Angiotensinogen - for Amniotic fluid - Immunoassays. Angiotensinogen - for Plasma - Immunoassays. Angiotensinogen - RUO - ... You are here: Home Products and Services Immunoassays Angiotensinogen Human ELISA Manufactured by BioVendor Angiotensinogen ...
Urinary Angiotensinogen and Risk of Severe AKI | American Society of Nephrology
Angiotensinogen ELISA. The Human Total Angiotensinogen Assay Kit (Immuno-Biologic Laboratories Co. Ltd.) was used according to ... Angiotensinogen had the best discriminative characteristics. Urinary angiotensinogen was subsequently measured by ELISA and its ... C) The scattergram shows the angiotensinogen abundance in each patient in the discovery analysis by group. Angiotensinogen was ... The identified portions of angiotensinogen in our proteomic study did not include the proximal domain of angiotensinogen from ...
The rapid purification and partial characterization of human serum angiotensinogen | Biochemical Journal
The rapid purification and partial characterization of human serum angiotensinogen. C J Campbell, P A Charlton, C J Grinham, C ... The rapid purification and partial characterization of human serum angiotensinogen. C J Campbell, P A Charlton, C J Grinham, C ... Human angiotensinogen has been purified 390-fold from serum by a rapid high-yielding procedure that involved chromatography on ... The rapid purification and partial characterization of human serum angiotensinogen Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a ...
HypertensionSubstrateMouse angiotensinogenPolymorphismAntibodyAnti-angiotensinogenRatsRenal angiotensinogenSerpinIntrarenal renin-angiotGenotypeKidneySerumAntibodiesHuman reninPromoterEnzyme-linkeELISA KitM235T and T174MMRNA and proteinUrinary angiotensinogen levelsDeveloped AKI after cardiac surgeryExpressionGenesRate of angiotensinogenForms of angiotensinogenPrecursor of angiotensinVariantsAngiotensinsAcetyl AngiotensinogenRecombinant AngiotensinogenProtein encodedPreeclampsiaCleavesExcretionLiverAngiotensin IIPolymorphismsPlasma
Hypertension25
- Gene variation in resistant hypertension: multilocus analysis of the angiotensin 1-converting enzyme, angiotensinogen, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase genes," DNA and Cell Biology , vol. 30, no. 8, pp. 555-564, 2011. (hindawi.com)
- These data demonstrate that chronic Ang II infusion increases urinary excretion rate of angiotensinogen, and suggest that UAGT provides a specific index of intrarenal angiotensinogen production in Ang II-dependent hypertension. (nih.gov)
- Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen in a rat hypertension model indicates that this protein is involved in the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (clontech.com)
- Abstract A molecular variant of the angiotensinogen gene with threonine instead of methionine at position 235 (ie, with M235T polymorphism) has been shown to be associated with essential hypertension in Caucasian populations. (ahajournals.org)
- Recently, molecular variants of the human angiotensinogen gene have been reported to be associated with essential hypertension in Caucasian populations. (ahajournals.org)
- 2 Fifteen point mutations in the angiotensinogen gene have been identified, two of which were associated with essential hypertension by sibling-pair analysis: one with threonine instead of methionine at position 235 and one with methionine instead of threonine at position 174. (ahajournals.org)
- In the present study, we investigated whether a molecular variant of the angiotensinogen gene at position 235 was associated with hypertension in the Japanese population. (ahajournals.org)
- Selective, isolated proximal tubular angiotensinogen overexpression and salt-sensitive hypertension. (harvard.edu)
- To investigate the linkage of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and Met to Thr variant at position 235 of Angiotensinogen (AGT) to the incidence of essential hypertension in a population sample from Egypt. (scialert.net)
- TT genotype of angiotensinogen polymorphism is a potential risk factor for hypertension in Egyptian subjects. (scialert.net)
- A variant of the angiotensinogen gene, M235T, has been associated with essential hypertension in selected subjects from Paris, France and Salt Lake City, Utah. (springer.com)
- We determined whether there was a relationship between the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and the occurrence of essential hypertension using two methods. (springer.com)
- These results suggest that the contribution of variation in the angiotensinogen gene to the occurrence of essential hypertension is less than initially suspected, or may not be constant across populations. (springer.com)
- Bennett CL, Schrader AP, Moris BJ (1993) Cross-sectional analysis of Met 235 →Thr variant of angiotensinogen gene in severe familial hypertension. (springer.com)
- The M235T allele of the angiotensinogen gene is thought to increase plasma levels of the angiotensinogen which is associated with hypertension. (alliedacademies.org)
- This study was designed to measure plasma angiotensinogen levels in an adult population in Calabar and Uyo (South-South), Nigeria in relation to the M235T allele and hypertension. (alliedacademies.org)
- Elevated plasma angiotensinogen (AGT) levels have been demonstrated in insulin-resistant states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), conditions that are directly correlated to hypertension. (elsevier.com)
- For example, urinary excretion of angiotensinogen in a rat model of angiotensin II (AII)-dependent hypertension has been reported to be a marker of the activity of the local intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. (takarabio.com)
- Intrarenal AII increases to an extent in AII-dependent hypertension that cannot be explained by plasma AII equilibration alone, and two mechanisms, an increase in intracellular uptake of AII and an increase in intrarenal expression of angiotensinogen, have been proposed. (takarabio.com)
- Angiotensinogen is the precursor expressed in the liver and the resulting product is angiotensin I which is then cleaved by angiotensin converting enzyme to make physiologically active enzyme angiotensin II that drawn in upholding blood pressure and pathogenesis of crucial hypertension and preeclampsia. (biologyonline.com)
- No consensus has been reached on the association between the angiotensinogen gene polymorphism T174M and hypertension risk in the Chinese population. (cdc.gov)
- This study aimed to investigate variations in angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T polymorphism among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and hypertension. (jneuropsychiatry.org)
- Analysis of the angiotensinogen gene in the MRC British genetics of Hypertension study. (ox.ac.uk)
- Haplotypes of Angiotensinogen in Essential Hypertension (1997) Jeunemaitre Xavier et al. (naver.com)
- Background Novel angiotensinogen (AGT) inhibitors are in early clinical development for treatment of hypertension. (ox.ac.uk)
Substrate7
- Although angiotensinogen has long been regarded as a passive substrate, the crystal structures solved here to 2.1 Å resolution show that the angiotensin cleavage site is inaccessibly buried in its amino-terminal tail. (rcsb.org)
- Cardiac angiotensinogen was lower in DCM patients than in the donors, and its T/P ratio was half that for albumin, which is compatible with substrate consumption by cardiac renin. (ahajournals.org)
- Angiotensinogen is the natural substrate for renin required for the production of all active peptides of the renin-angiotensin system. (egms.de)
- Angiotensinogen (AGT) is the unique substrate of all angiotensin peptides. (bioscirep.org)
- The angiotensinogen is an important substrate for renin in the RAAS that is finally converted into angiotensin II that plays a key role in the control of blood pressure. (alliedacademies.org)
- This proteic substrate was named angiotensinogen as was the actual precursor of the active principle. (blogspot.com)
- Angiotensinogen is also known as renin substrate. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse angiotensinogen6
- Angiotensinogen antibody LS-C182761 is an unconjugated sheep polyclonal antibody to mouse Angiotensinogen (AGT) (aa25-477). (lsbio.com)
- Recombinant corresponding to aa25-477 from mouse Angiotensinogen expressed in CHO cell line. (lsbio.com)
- Mouse Angiotensinogen. (lsbio.com)
- A synthetic peptide corresponding to a sequence at the N-terminus of mouse Angiotensinogen(25-36aa DRVYIHPFHLLY), identical to the related rat sequence. (bosterbio.com)
- Optimized DNA sequence encoding mature chain of Mouse Angiotensinogen -AGT (ASP25 - VAL477) including an N-terminal His tag was expressed in HEK293 cells. (reprokine.com)
- Recombinant mouse Angiotensinogen (AGT) is lyophilized from 0.2 μm filtered PBS solution, pH7.2 , 5% Trehalose. (reprokine.com)
Polymorphism5
- OBJECTIVE The angiotensinogen Thr235 polymorphism associated with preeclampsia is tightly linked to a mutation in the angiotensinogen promoter A(-6), which may lead to elevated expression in decidual spiral arteries. (semanticscholar.org)
- The angiotensinogen gene M235T polymorphism and development of preeclampsia/eclampsia: a meta-analysis and meta-regression of observational studies. (semanticscholar.org)
- Association between angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (cdc.gov)
- To investigate the relationship between angiotensinogen (AGT) gene M235T polymorphism and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) to explore the potential role of the AGT polymorphism in HCM. (cdc.gov)
- Angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism is associated with plasma angiotensinogen and cardiovascular disease (1998) Winkelmann Bernhard R et al. (naver.com)
Antibody2
- We observe a difference in antibody binding affinity for the N-terminus between the two redox forms of angiotensinogen which is consistent with this prediction and could be used in a diagnostic setting to assess the progression of hypertensive disorders, such as pre-eclampsia. (portlandpress.com)
- Rabbit IgG polyclonal antibody for Angiotensinogen(AGT) detection. (bosterbio.com)
Anti-angiotensinogen1
- Immunocytochemical staining of pituitary cells after formation of plaques with anti-angiotensinogen, anti-LH and anti-PRL antiserum showed that the large plaque-forming cells were gonadotrophs and none were lactotrophs. (garvan.org.au)
Rats7
- In rats maintained on a high salt diet (H/S) to suppress basal renal angiotensinogen levels, angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion for 13 days increased renal angiotensinogen mRNA and protein, thus providing a mechanism for further augmentation of intrarenal Ang II levels. (nih.gov)
- Testosterone replacement in castrated DS rats increased BP, renal injury, and upregulation of renal angiotensinogen associated with HS diet. (elsevier.com)
- Kamiyama M, Garner MK, Farragut KM, Sofue T, Hara T, Morikawa T, Konishi Y, Imanishi M, Nishiyama A, Kobori H. Detailed Localization of Augmented Angiotensinogen mRNA and Protein in Proximal Tubule Segments of Diabetic Kidneys in Rats and Humans. (ijbs.com)
- We investigated the detailed localization of angiotensinogen in 3 proximal tubule segments in the diabetic Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats and the control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats. (ijbs.com)
- In segment 3, the area of angiotensinogen mRNA expression was augmented in the OLETF rats compared with the LETO rats. (ijbs.com)
- Angiotensinogen protein expression areas in segments 1 and 3 were also increased in the OLETF rats compared with the LETO rats. (ijbs.com)
- Blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system resetting in transgenic rats with elevated plasma Val5-angiotensinogen. (unil.ch)
Renal angiotensinogen1
- Ellison KE, Ingelfinger JR, Pivor M, Dzau VJ Androgen regulation of rat renal angiotensinogen messenger RNA expression. (springer.com)
Serpin9
- [1] GeneID: 183 angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member 8) [ Homo sapiens ] has the official symbol AGT. (wikiversity.org)
- angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A, member. (biocompare.com)
- Blood pressure is critically controlled by angiotensins, which are vasopressor peptides specifically released by the enzyme renin from the tail of angiotensinogen-a non-inhibitory member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors. (rcsb.org)
- Serpin A8/Angiotensinogen " has 6 results in Products. (rndsystems.com)
- angiotensinogen (serpin peptidase. (wikigenes.org)
- Human angiotensinogen (AGT), also known as serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade A or member 8, is a component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance. (biovendor.com)
- Also known as Angiotensinogen (Serpin A8). (mybiosource.com)
- Angiotensinogen (AGT) is an important member of the serpin family of proteins, it is an alpha-2-globulin that is constitutively produced and released into circulation by the liver. (elisakits.co.uk)
- Angiotensinogen is a member of serpin family even though it is not identified to inhibit other enzymes unlike most serpins. (biologyonline.com)
Intrarenal renin-angiot3
- Urinary angiotensinogen (UAGT) level has been shown highly correlated with intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) activity and severity of chronic kidney diseases (CKD). (biomedcentral.com)
- In the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system, angiotensinogen levels are well known to be increased in diabetes, and these enhanced intrarenal angiotensinogen levels may initiate the development and accelerate the progression of diabetic nephropathy. (ijbs.com)
- Urinary angiotensinogen as a novel biomarker of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system status in hypertensive patients. (elisakits.co.uk)
Genotype6
- The clinical data included in the analyses were sex, age, body mass index, cholesterol level, genotype of the angiotensinogen gene, genotype of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. (ahajournals.org)
- Multiple regression analysis revealed that only body mass index was a predictor of both diastolic and systolic blood pressure in these 347 subjects, but the genotype of the angiotensinogen gene was identified as a predictor of both diastolic and systolic blood pressure in a subpopulation less than 50 years of age. (ahajournals.org)
- Although subjects with the TT angiotensinogen genotype had significantly greater left ventricular mass than those with either the TM or the MM genotype, the effects of the genotype of the angiotensinogen gene on left ventricular mass were mainly due to effects on blood pressure. (ahajournals.org)
- Moreover, the plasma angiotensinogen concentration was higher in subjects with the TT genotype at position 235 than in subjects with either the TM or the MM genotype. (ahajournals.org)
- Genotype-phenotype analyses were performed for both angiotensinogen-6 and TGFβ1 codon 25. (bmj.com)
- Angiotensinogen-6 AA genotype was significantly associated with Crohn's disease (p = 0.007, OR = 2.38, CI = 1.32-4.32) in cohort 1, but not in the smaller cohort 2 (p = 0.19). (bmj.com)
Kidney5
- Urine levels of angiotensinogen after the treatment evaluated by radioimmunoassay were plotted against kidney ( A ) and plasma ( B ) Ang II levels. (nih.gov)
- Renin, an aspartyl protease specific for angiotensinogen, is secreted into the bloodstream by juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney in response to a drop in blood pressure. (wikipathways.org)
- Angiotensinogen stimulates thirsty brain through increasing blood pressure by constricting blood vessels and signal the release of vasopressin which increases retention of water in the kidney and aldosterone that increase salt retention, both increases the fluid volume in the bloodstream, thus raising the blood pressure. (biologyonline.com)
- Kidney secretes an enzyme, which changes plasma protein angiotensinogen into angiotensin. (examrobot.com)
- The reduced excretory function in dTGR depends on hREN and human angiotensinogen gene expression and is intrinsic to the kidney as opposed to extrarenal regulators. (mdc-berlin.de)
Serum7
- The Human, Mouse, and Rat Total Angiotensinogen Assay Kits are ELISA kits that can be used to detect total or intact human, mouse or rat angiotensinogen in serum, EDTA-plasma, urine, or cell culture media. (clontech.com)
- In this study, we investigated the levels of circulating and intrarenal RAS activity and urinary angiotensinogen (AGT) excretion in anti-thymocyte serum (ATS) nephritis induced by an ATS injection (ATS group). (unboundmedicine.com)
- Human angiotensinogen has been purified 390-fold from serum by a rapid high-yielding procedure that involved chromatography on Blue Sepharose, phenyl-Sepharose, hydroxyapatite and immobilized 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). (biochemj.org)
- LS-F13066 is a 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the Quantitative detection of Human AGT / Angiotensinogen in samples of Plasma and Serum. (lsbio.com)
- The plasma concentration of the placentally derived proMBP (proform of eosinophil major basic protein) increases in pregnancy, and three different complexes containing proMBP have been isolated from pregnancy plasma and serum: a 2:2 complex with the metalloproteinase, PAPP-A (pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A), a 2:2 complex with AGT (angiotensinogen) and a 2:2:2 complex with AGT and complement C3dg. (biochemj.org)
- Rat angiotensinogen ELISA kit can be used for measuring quantitative levels of angiotensinogen in rat plasma, serum, cell culture supernatant and urine samples. (elisakits.co.uk)
- It is derived from the precursor molecule angiotensinogen, a serum globulin produced in the liver . (wikipedia.org)
Antibodies2
- These affinity-purified antibodies recognize either mouse/rat or human angiotensinogen protein. (clontech.com)
- The antibodies can be used for Western blot (WB) detection or immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of angiotensinogen protein. (clontech.com)
Human renin4
- Assignment by in situ hybridization of the angiotensinogen gene to chromosome band 1q4, the same region as the human renin gene . (springer.com)
- Kinetic constants of the human renin and human angiotensinogen reaction. (wikipathways.org)
- Increased blood pressure in transgenic mice expressing both human renin and angiotensinogen in the renal proximal tubule. (nih.gov)
- The hypertensive double transgenic rat harboring both the human renin and human angiotensinogen genes (dTGR) offers a unique opportunity to study the human renin-angiotensin system in an experimental animal model. (mdc-berlin.de)
Promoter6
- Angiotensinogen core promoter element 1 (AGCE1) is an example of a core promoter element that may occur in a DNA sequence for only one gene (the human angiotensinogen gene angiotensin). (wikiversity.org)
- Because the renin-angiotensin system is species specific, we bred KAP2-hREN mice with the mice expressing human angiotensinogen under the same promoter (KAP-hAGT) to produce offspring that expressed both transgenes. (nih.gov)
- A variant in the angiotensinogen gene promoter results in increased peptide production, while transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) codon 25 variants demonstrate variable peptide production, predisposing to fibrosis in several organs. (bmj.com)
- To study a known maternal genetic risk factor and the impact of fetal sex, we employed a published transgenic (TG) mouse model, which was designed to mimic a common human angiotensinogen (AGT) promoter variant associated with a 20% increase in circulating AGT levels. (pdx.edu)
- The 5'-flanking region of the angiotensinogen promoter was activated after stretch for 24 hr. (elsevier.com)
- 2) cyclical stretch up-regulates expression of the angiotensinogen gene and (3) the increase in promoter activity may contribute to the induction of angiotensinogen mRNA by cyclical stretch. (elsevier.com)
Enzyme-linke2
- Protein A sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was carried out with the plasma samples to measure the angiotensinogen levels. (alliedacademies.org)
- Effects of growth hormone and estrogen on rat angiotensinogen quantified by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. (elisakits.co.uk)
ELISA Kit2
- Your search returned 646 Angiotensinogen ELISA ELISA Kit across 33 suppliers. (biocompare.com)
- The minimum sensitivity detection limit of angiotensinogen (AGT) using this rat angiotensinogen ELISA kit was approximately 0.02 ng/ml. (elisakits.co.uk)
M235T and T174M1
- The M235T and T174M angiotensinogen mutations have been linked to increased risk for ischemic heart and cerebrovascular disease. (annals.org)
MRNA and protein1
- HS diet for 4 wk increased renal cortical angiotensinogen mRNA and protein only in male DS, which was prevented by castration. (elsevier.com)
Urinary angiotensinogen levels2
- significantly increased urinary angiotensinogen levels compared with H/S + Sham groups using both methods. (nih.gov)
- Determination of plasma and urinary angiotensinogen levels in rodents by newly developed ELISA. (elisakits.co.uk)
Developed AKI after cardiac surgery1
- We performed a verification of angiotensinogen in patients who developed AKI after cardiac surgery. (asnjournals.org)
Expression9
- It is the purpose of this chapter to explore the regulation and functional consequences of angiotensinogen gene expression. (springer.com)
- Structure and expression of the human angiotensinogen gene. (springer.com)
- In contrast to the systemic renin-angiotensin system, which is suppressed in response to HS in male DS, intrarenal angiotensinogen expression is increased, and intrarenal levels of ANG II are not suppressed. (elsevier.com)
- Ovariectomy of female DS had no effect on intrarenal angiotensinogen expression on either diet. (elsevier.com)
- Angiotensinogen mRNA expression was barely detectable in segment 1. (ijbs.com)
- Chronic treatment with olmesartan ameliorated these areas of augmented angiotensinogen expression. (ijbs.com)
- The effect of cyclical mechanical stretch on angiotensinogen gene expression was examined using a neonatal rat cardiocyte culture system. (elsevier.com)
- We demonstrate that stimulatory signals can change the DNA methylation status at a CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (CEBP) binding site and a transcription start site and activate expression of the angiotensinogen gene (AGT). (elsevier.com)
- Human and rat angiotensinogen and renin mRNA expression were also determined. (mdc-berlin.de)
Genes2
- Common structural organization of the angiotensinogen and the α- 1 -antitrypsin genes . (springer.com)
- Therefore, our objective was to determine whether the genes for placental renin (REN) and maternal angiotensinogen (AGT) interact to influence the risk of preeclampsia. (uib.no)
Rate of angiotensinogen1
- By comparing plaque size in H4 cells with angiotensinogen release in cell culture, as quantified by radioimmunoassay, the secretion rate of angiotensinogen from pituitary cells was calculated as 22 +/- 8 ng/10(6) cells/24 h. (garvan.org.au)
Forms of angiotensinogen1
- N-terminal analysis, digestion with human renal renin and deglycosylation studies implied that the preparation comprised several forms of angiotensinogen, varying in their degree of glycosylation. (biochemj.org)
Precursor of angiotensin2
- Angiotensinogen is the precursor of angiotensin and is cleaved into angiotensin I and II in the renin-angiotensin system. (takarabio.com)
- Angiotensinogen is the precursor of angiotensin hormone. (blogspot.com)
Variants2
- Interestingly, the main finding was the association of two genetic variants in the angiotensinogen ( AGT ) gene, the M allele of rs699 and the G allele of rs5051, and TRH in white but not in African-American subjects. (hindawi.com)
- Conduct an Australian-based analysis of the angiotensinogen-6 variant in two independent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohorts, and examine the role of angiotensinogen-6 and TGFβ1 codon 25 variants in shaping Crohn's disease phenotype. (bmj.com)
Angiotensins1
- Angiotensinogen is the inactive precursor of natural angiotensins. (ctdbase.org)
Acetyl Angiotensinogen1
- Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14),porcine, The protein encoded by the Angiotensinogen gene is known as pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor. (adooq.com)
Recombinant Angiotensinogen1
- Recombinant Angiotensinogen can be stored in working aliquots at 2° - 8° C for one month, or at -20°C to-70°Cfor twelve months. (reprokine.com)
Protein encoded1
- The protein encoded by AGT, pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor, is expressed in the liver and is cleaved by the enzyme renin in response to lowered blood pressure. (thermofisher.com)
Preeclampsia1
- Previous studies have shown that the angiotensinogen (AGT) Thr235 mutation is associated with abnormal remodeling of the uterine spiral arteries and occurs at higher frequencies in preeclampsia. (naver.com)
Cleaves4
- In response to lowered blood pressure, the enzyme renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-I, which is further cleaved by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to yield the physiologically active peptide angiotensin-II. (clontech.com)
- Renin cleaves the peptide bond between the leucine (Leu) and valine (Val) residues on angiotensinogen, creating the ten-amino acid peptide (des-Asp) angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is converted to angiotensin II (AII) through removal of two C-terminal residues by the enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE, or kinase ). (wikiversity.org)
- In response to lowered blood pressure, the enzyme renin cleaves angiotensinogen to produce angiotensin-1 (angiotensin 1-10). (abcam.com)
- Renin cleaves a decapeptide from angiotensinogen , a globular protein . (wikipedia.org)
Excretion3
- Urinary excretion of angiotensinogen reflects intrarenal angiotensinogen production. (nih.gov)
- The present study tested the hypothesis that enhanced intrarenal angiotensinogen formation during Ang II infusion is reflected by secretion into the tubular fluid leading to increased urinary excretion of angiotensinogen (UAGT). (nih.gov)
- After cleavage of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I by renin, two C-terminal amino acid residues of angiotensin I are removed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), located on the surface of endothelial cells, to yield angiotensin II (angiotensin-2, angiotensin-(1-8)), the active peptide that causes vasoconstriction, resorption of sodium and chloride, excretion of potassium, water retention, and aldosterone secretion. (wikipathways.org)
Liver5
- Angiotensinogen is an α-2-globulin produced constitutively and released into the circulation mainly by the liver. (wikiversity.org)
- Liver-derived angiotensinogen is cleaved in the circulating blood by renin to form Ang I, which is then converted by ACE, located on the luminal side of the vascular endothelium, into Ang II, a potent vasoconstrictor and stimulant of the release of aldosterone. (ahajournals.org)
- Angiotensinogen, a prohormone, is synthesized and secreted mainly by the liver but also from other tissues (reviewed in Fyhrquist and Saijonmaa 2008, Cat and Touyz 2011). (wikipathways.org)
- Angiotensinogen is mainly produced in the liver and secreted in plasma but also is synthesized in adipocytes, proximal tubule epithelial cells, and astrocytes. (biovendor.com)
- Plasma renin then carries out the conversion of angiotensinogen , released by the liver, to angiotensin I . [2] Angiotensin I is subsequently converted to angiotensin II by the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) found on the surface of vascular endothelial cells, predominantly those of the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
Angiotensin II6
- Plasma angiotensinogen levels are increased by plasma corticosteroid, estrogen, thyroid hormone, and angiotensin II levels. (wikiversity.org)
- More recently other, more tissue-localized pathways leading to angiotensin II and alternative derivatives of angiotensinogen have been identified (reviewed in Kramkowski et al. (wikipathways.org)
- RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a case-control study, the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) gene, the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene (M235T), and the angiotensin II (AII) type 1 receptor gene (AT1 A1166C) were examined in 110 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients. (diabetesjournals.org)
- The association of the angiotensinogen-6 variant with Crohn's disease supports a potential role for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists in disease treatment. (bmj.com)
- The activity of the RAS is reflected by angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin I (AI), angiotensin II (AII) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). (jneuropsychiatry.org)
- A few years later, the concept of a system specifically involved in BP control came to the light with discovery by Page and Braun-Menendez that renin is a peptidase that produces the vasoconstrictor peptide angiotensin II from the precursor angiotensinogen ( 3 ). (asnjournals.org)
Polymorphisms2
- Angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms : relationship to blood pressure response to antihypertensive treatment. (diva-portal.org)
- OBJECTIVE: Increases in plasma angiotensinogen (Ang-N) due to genetic polymorphisms or pharmacological stimuli like estrogen have been associated with a blood pressure (BP) rise, increased salt sensitivity and cardiovascular risk. (mdc-berlin.de)
Plasma3
- The recently reported amino acid sequence of rat angiotensinogen was subjected to a computer-assisted search for homology with known sequences stored in a data bank and found to be significantly related to that of plasma alpha 1-antitrypsin, itself a member of a family that includes antithrombin III and ovalbumin. (nih.gov)
- The absorbance values of plasma angiotensinogen were significantly higher in the patients (0.71) with M235T allele than in the controls (0.53). (alliedacademies.org)
- The concentration of plasma angiotensinogen can be elevated by increasing plasma estrogen, corticosteroid, angiontensin II and thyroid hormone levels. (elisakits.co.uk)