Angiotensin Amide
Angiotensin II
An octapeptide that is a potent but labile vasoconstrictor. It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. The amino acid in position 5 varies in different species. To block VASOCONSTRICTION and HYPERTENSION effect of angiotensin II, patients are often treated with ACE INHIBITORS or with ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKERS.
Amides
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1
Receptors, Angiotensin
Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
Angiotensin III
Losartan
Dictionaries as Topic
Tachyphylaxis
Central Venous Pressure
Material Safety Data Sheets
Information or data used to ensure the safe handling and disposal of substances in the workplace. Such information includes physical properties (i.e. melting, boiling, flashing points), as well as data on toxicity, health effects, reactivity, storage, disposal, first-aid, protective equipment, and spill-handling procedures.
Renin
Renin-Angiotensin System
A BLOOD PRESSURE regulating system of interacting components that include RENIN; ANGIOTENSINOGEN; ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME; ANGIOTENSIN I; ANGIOTENSIN II; and angiotensinase. Renin, an enzyme produced in the kidney, acts on angiotensinogen, an alpha-2 globulin produced by the liver, forming ANGIOTENSIN I. Angiotensin-converting enzyme, contained in the lung, acts on angiotensin I in the plasma converting it to ANGIOTENSIN II, an extremely powerful vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II causes contraction of the arteriolar and renal VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE, leading to retention of salt and water in the KIDNEY and increased arterial blood pressure. In addition, angiotensin II stimulates the release of ALDOSTERONE from the ADRENAL CORTEX, which in turn also increases salt and water retention in the kidney. Angiotensin-converting enzyme also breaks down BRADYKININ, a powerful vasodilator and component of the KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility.
Diabetic Nephropathies
KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.
Sympathetic Nervous System
The thoracolumbar division of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic preganglionic fibers originate in neurons of the intermediolateral column of the spinal cord and project to the paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia, which in turn project to target organs. The sympathetic nervous system mediates the body's response to stressful situations, i.e., the fight or flight reactions. It often acts reciprocally to the parasympathetic system.
Vasoconstriction
Norepinephrine
Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the adrenal medulla and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers and of the diffuse projection system in the brain arising from the locus ceruleus. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic.
Cocaine
An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.
Elastomers
Polymers
Poloxalene
Biocompatible Materials
Defibrillators, Implantable
Prostheses and Implants
Artificial substitutes for body parts, and materials inserted into tissue for functional, cosmetic, or therapeutic purposes. Prostheses can be functional, as in the case of artificial arms and legs, or cosmetic, as in the case of an artificial eye. Implants, all surgically inserted or grafted into the body, tend to be used therapeutically. IMPLANTS, EXPERIMENTAL is available for those used experimentally.
Drug Delivery Systems
Myocardial Reperfusion Injury
Reperfusion Injury
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Oxidative Stress
Antioxidants
Creatine Kinase
A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins.
Myocardial Ischemia
A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION).
Coronary Occlusion
Lacrimal Duct Obstruction
Interference with the secretion of tears by the lacrimal glands. Obstruction of the LACRIMAL SAC or NASOLACRIMAL DUCT causing acute or chronic inflammation of the lacrimal sac (DACRYOCYSTITIS). It is caused also in infants by failure of the nasolacrimal duct to open into the inferior meatus and occurs about the third week of life. In adults occlusion may occur spontaneously or after injury or nasal disease. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p250)
Poloxamer
A nonionic polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block co-polymer with the general formula HO(C2H4O)a(-C3H6O)b(C2H4O)aH. It is available in different grades which vary from liquids to solids. It is used as an emulsifying agent, solubilizing agent, surfactant, and wetting agent for antibiotics. Poloxamer is also used in ointment and suppository bases and as a tablet binder or coater. (Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
Hypertension
Ramipril
Antihypertensive Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of acute or chronic vascular HYPERTENSION regardless of pharmacological mechanism. Among the antihypertensive agents are DIURETICS; (especially DIURETICS, THIAZIDE); ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS; GANGLIONIC BLOCKERS; and VASODILATOR AGENTS.
Immunologic production of antiangiotensin. I. Preparation of angiotensin-protein complex antigen. (1/13)
Angiotensin II was coupled with bovine gamma-globulin (BGG) through the following series of reactions. See PDF for Structure By determinations of the aromatic amine and tyrosine contents of p-aminobenzoylangiotensin II, the number of p-aminobenzoyl residues introduced per molecule of angiotensin II was calculated. Absorption spectra (between 250 and 500 mmicro) of BGG complexes of p-aminobenzoylangiotensin II and six different para substituted aromatic amines were compared. Specific activities (dog units/millimicromole) of the different intermediate products were determined. Presence of a terminal, free amino group does not appear to be an absolute requirement for the biological activity of angiotensin II, since substitution of a p-aminobenzoyl radical in this group yields a product with 40 to 50 per cent of the activity of the parent compound. Angiotensin I, on the other hand, is completely inactivated under identical circumstances. Possible implication of this finding has been discussed. (+info)Immunologic production of antiangiotensin. II. Production and detection of antiangiotensin. (2/13)
The parenteral administration of benzoylangiotensin II-azo-BGG to rabbits produced an antiserum with antiangiotensin activity. Antiangiotensin inhibited the biological action of p-aminobenzoylangiotensin II, valine(5)-angiotensin II (free acid form), isoleucine(5)-angiotensin II and valine(5)-angiotensin II (amide form), but it was totally inert towards angiotensin 1. Antiangiotensin activity was distinguished from that of serum angiotensinase by the following observations: (a) an angiotensinase-free gamma-globulin fraction contained antiangiotensin, (b) angiotensinase inactivated angiotensin II (both the amide and free acid forms) and angiotensin I in contrast to the remarkable specificity for angiotensin II exhibited by antiangiotensin. Serological demonstration of antiangiotensin included: (a) a comparison of its precipitin reaction with the angiotensin BGG complex with the reaction with BGG alone, (b) the partial inhibition of the precipitin reaction with the angiotensin BGG complex by angiotensin II, (c) a precipitin reaction with a different angiotensin II protein complex (cat serum). Angiotensin II administered parenterally as the free polypeptide was not antigenic. (+info)Some pharmacological actions of synthetic analogues of angiotensinamide. (3/13)
In order to evaluate the importance of some structural features of asparagyl(1)-Valyl(5)-angiotensin II (angiotensinamide) for its pharmacological actions, the relative potencies of angiotensinamide and five peptide analogues were studied on the blood pressure of the rat, the isolated rat uterus and the isolated guinea-pig ileum. All the modifications of the angiotensinamide structure that were studied led to a decrease of potency which, however, was not the same on all three preparations. The importance of the guanido group, the phenolic group and the length of the peptide chain for the pharmacological activities of these peptides is discussed. (+info)Actions of some peptides on bronchial muscle. (4/13)
The decapeptide kallidin-10, substance P and angiotensin increased the resistance of guinea-pig lungs to inflation; lysine- or arginine-vasopressin and oxytocin were inactive. Acetylsalicylate antagonized this action of kallidin-10, as it does that of bradykinin, but it failed to antagonize substance P or angiotensin. Bradykinin also increased resistance to inflation of rabbit lungs and, to a lesser extent, rat lungs. It caused a relatively slow contraction of guinea-pig tracheal and bronchial muscle in vitro, but it did not contract isolated rabbit, dog or human bronchus. The relative potencies of different substances on different bronchial test preparations, and also in different species, were not parallel. (+info)Pharmacological actions of pepsitensin. (5/13)
In confirmation of the results of Croxatto and his co-workers, plasma proteins incubated with pepsin yielded a substance (pepsitensin) with pressor activity. Euglobulin gave a much higher yield than the other plasma protein fractions. Incubation for 4 hr at pH 4 gave high yields of pressor activity (pepsitensin) but no antidiuretic activity; incubation of euglobulin for 4 hr at pH 2.5 yielded extracts with antidiuretic as well as pressor activity. Incubation for 8 to 11 hr at pH 2.5 produced the highest yield of both activities. Further incubation, at the same pH, up to 20 hr caused a rapid decline in the pressor activity of the extracts, but the antidiuretic activity was much more resistant to destruction by pepsin. Pepsitensin was found to be very soluble in water and poorly soluble in organic solvents. It is not inactivated by thioglycollate. In blood pressure assays some animals did not respond to pepsitensin, and nephrectomized (17 to 24 hr) rats were found to be more suitable preparations. Pepsitensin was shown to exert pressor effect by direct action on the blood vessels. Its pressor action could be differentiated from that of tyramine, dimethylphenylpiperazine, nicotine, noradrenaline and Pitressin but not from that of angiotensin. The isolated guinea-pig ileum and the rat uterus were equally sensitive to angiotensin and pepsitensin. In paper chromatograms, in the solvent system butanol-acetic acid-water, the R(F) of pepsitensin was very similar to that of angiotensin. (+info)Stimulation of intestinal nervous elements by angiotensin. (6/13)
The stimulation of nervous elements in the intestine by the polypeptide angiotensin has been examined. Comparisons between nicotine, a neurotropic agent, acetylcholine which exerts principally a musculotropic action and angiotensin have been made by examining their interactions with hexamethonium and the anticholinesterase 1,5-di-(p-N-allyl-N-methylaminophenyl)pentan-3-one dibromide in both the rabbit and guinea-pig ileum. The effect of atropine on the responses of the guinea-pig ileum and botulinum toxin on the responses of the rabbit ileum to angiotensin was also tested. The results show that angiotensin causes most of its contractile response in both the guinea-pig and rabbit ileum by an indirect action, through the stimulation of nervous tissue. (+info)Home blood pressure monitoring in diabetes. (7/13)
Forty three children with diabetes were recruited to evaluate home blood pressure monitoring using an electronic oscillometric sphygmomanometer (Philips HP5330). This device was found to be simple to use and reliable. It fulfilled the accuracy criteria of the American Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure and those of the British Hypertension Society for systolic blood pressure. Thirty eight children successfully measured their own blood pressure at home and taught other family members to do the same. The results indicate that home blood pressure monitoring is of value in the management of diabetic children. (+info)Synergistic effects of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and hypertension on spatial navigation. (8/13)
(+info)
Angiotensin amide - definition of angiotensin amide by The Free Dictionary
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Home Blood Pressure Monitoring (HBPM)
Discovery and development of ACE inhibitors
1982), "Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors: Importance of the Amide Carbonyl of Mercaptoacyl Amino Acids for Hydrogen ... It showed inhibitory effect of angiotensin I and bradykinin without having any effects on angiotensin II. Then researchers ... "Roles of the Two Active Sites of Somatic Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in the Cleavage of Angiotensin I and Bradykinin: ... Angiotensin I is mainly hydrolyzed by the C-domain in vivo but bradykinin is hydrolyzed by both active sites. Thus, by ...
List of MeSH codes (D23)
... angiotensin i MeSH D23.469.050.050.050 - angiotensin ii MeSH D23.469.050.050.050.050 - angiotensin amide MeSH D23.469.050.050. ... angiotensin iii MeSH D23.469.050.175 - eicosanoids MeSH D23.469.050.175.450 - leukotrienes MeSH D23.469.050.175.450.400 - ... 050.700 - saralasin MeSH D23.469.050.050.050.725 - 1-sarcosine-8-isoleucine angiotensin ii MeSH D23.469.050.050.075 - ...
Dihexa
... (developmental code name PNB-0408), also known as N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide, is an oligopeptide drug ... "The Procognitive and Synaptogenic Effects of Angiotensin IV-Derived Peptides Are Dependent on Activation of the Hepatocyte ... "Facilitation of Hippocampal Synaptogenesis and Spatial Memory by C-Terminal Truncated Nle1-Angiotensin IV Analogs". The Journal ... "Evaluation of metabolically stabilized angiotensin IV analogs as pro-cognitive/anti-dementia agents". The Journal of ...
Angiotensinamide
... (INN; BAN and USAN angiotensin amide) is a potent vasoconstrictor used as a cardiac stimulant. It is a ...
List of MeSH codes (D12.644)
... angiotensin i MeSH D12.644.456.073.041 - angiotensin ii MeSH D12.644.456.073.041.050 - angiotensin amide MeSH D12.644.456.073. ... angiotensin i MeSH D12.644.400.070.078 - angiotensin ii MeSH D12.644.400.070.080 - angiotensin iii MeSH D12.644.400.085 - ... angiotensin iii MeSH D12.644.456.073.070 - angiotensinogen MeSH D12.644.456.120 - antipain MeSH D12.644.456.193 - bradykinin ... 041.800 - saralasin MeSH D12.644.456.073.041.815 - 1-sarcosine-8-isoleucine angiotensin ii MeSH D12.644.456.073.055 - ...
Index of biochemistry articles
... angiotensin - angiotensin II - angiotensin receptor - ankyrin - annexin II - antibiotic - antibody - apoenzyme - apolipoprotein ... amide - amine - amino - amino acid - amino acid receptor - amino acid sequence - amino acid sequence homology - aminobutyric ...
Peptide
A polypeptide is a single linear chain of many amino acids (any length), held together by amide bonds. A protein consists of ... An octapeptide has eight amino acids (e.g., angiotensin II). A nonapeptide has nine amino acids (e.g., oxytocin). A decapeptide ... A water molecule is released during formation of each amide bond. All peptides except cyclic peptides have an N-terminal (amine ... has ten amino acids (e.g., gonadotropin-releasing hormone and angiotensin I). A neuropeptide is a peptide that is active in ...
Carboxylesterase 1
It may also play a role in detoxification in the lung and/or protection of the central nervous system from ester or amide ... CES1 is responsible for the activation of many prodrugs such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, oseltamivir, ... These enzymes are responsible for the hydrolysis of ester- and amide-bond-containing xenobiotics and drugs such as cocaine and ... focus on angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors". Drug Metab Dispos. 42 (1): 126-33. doi:10.1124/dmd.113.053512. PMID ...
Renin inhibitor
This leads to the product angiotensin I (Ang I) which is a decapeptide. Ang I is broken down by the angiotensin-converting ... The amide group forms a hydrogen bond with a secondary amine group of Ser76. The S1 and S1′ pockets are occupied by the two ... Ferrario, C. M.; Iyer, S. N. (1998). "angiotensin-(1-7): A bioactive fragment of the renin-angiotensin system". Regulatory ... design Angiotensin Angiotensin II receptor antagonist Beta blocker Circulatory system Discovery and development of angiotensin ...
List of enzymes
In linear amides) Urease (EC 3.5.1.5) Category:EC 3.5.2 (In cyclic amides) Beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6) Category:EC 3.5.3 (In ... EC 3.4.15 Angiotensin converting enzyme Category:EC 3.4.21 Serine protease Chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) Trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4) ...
Vasopressin
Angiotensin II stimulates AVP secretion, in keeping with its general pressor and pro-volumic effects on the body. Atrial ... with the cysteine residues forming a disulfide bond and the C-terminus of the sequence converted to a primary amide. Lysine ... Matsukawa T, Miyamoto T (March 2011). "Angiotensin II-stimulated secretion of arginine vasopressin is inhibited by atrial ... natriuretic peptide inhibits AVP secretion, in part by inhibiting Angiotensin II-induced stimulation of AVP secretion. Cortisol ...
Carboxypeptidase A
... and the target enzyme of Captopril, angiotensin-converting enzyme, have very similar structures, as they ... Salt linkage with positively charged Arg-145 Hydrogen bond from Tyr-248 Hydrogen bond from the nitrogen of the Asn-144 amide ... Recent biomedical research on collagenase, enkephlinase, and angiotensin-converting enzyme used carboxypeptidase A for ... lower blood pressure through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Carboxypeptidase A (CPA) contains a zinc (Zn2+) metal ...
Kisspeptin
Also within this conserved family is a C-terminus that has an amide added to it. This family which kisspeptin includes ... the kisspeptin-angiotensin II pathway of producing aldosterone is increased.[17] Aldosterone that comes from the neighboring ...
Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor
December 2006). "Design, synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and in vivo activity of azabicyclic aryl amides as alpha7 ... is prevented through angiotensin II activation of a tyrosine phosphatase". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental ... neutralized by angiotensin II AT(2) receptor activation Bradanicline - partial agonist, in development for treatment of ...
Selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator
Mapracorat is one of a number of trifluoropropanolamines and -amides which are less obviously steroid-like in structure. Other ... Examples of glucocorticoid-responsive genes include those that encode annexin A1, TSC22D3 (also known as GILZ), angiotensin- ...
Aspartic protease
Rearrangement of this intermediate leads to protonation of the scissile amide which results in the splitting of the substrate ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme. 3.4.16. *Serine type carboxypeptidases: Cathepsin A. *DD-transpeptidase ...
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Kidney failure is especially a risk if the patient is also concomitantly taking an ACE inhibitor (which removes angiotensin ... January 2013). "A binding site for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in fatty acid amide hydrolase". Journal of the American ... At these elevated levels, angiotensin II also constricts the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus in addition to the efferent ... enhance endocannabinoid signaling by blocking the anandamide-degrading membrane enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH). ...
GPER
The amide form of nicotinic acid, named nicotinamide, acts as a vitamin although neither activates the GPR109A nor exhibits the ... GPER also regulates components of the renin-angiotensin system, which also controls blood pressure, and is required for ...
Dipeptidyl peptidase-4
2bub: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV (CD26) IN COMPLEX WITH A REVERSED AMIDE INHIBITOR ... Angiotensin-converting enzyme. 3.4.16. *Serine type carboxypeptidases: Cathepsin A. *DD-transpeptidase ...
Insulin-like growth factor 2
In humans, the IGF2 gene is located on chromosome 11p15.5, a region which contains numerous imprinted genes. In mice this homologous region is found at distal chromosome 7. In both organisms, Igf2 is imprinted, with expression resulting favourably from the paternally inherited allele. However, in some human brain regions a loss of imprinting occurs resulting in both IGF2 and H19 being transcribed from both parental alleles.[6] The protein CTCF is involved in repressing expression of the gene, by binding to the H19 imprinting control region (ICR) along with Differentially-methylated Region-1 (DMR1) and Matrix Attachment Region −3 (MAR3). These three DNA sequences bind to CTCF in a way that limits downstream enhancer access to the Igf2 region. The mechanism in which CTCF binds to these regions is currently unknown, but could include either a direct DNA-CTCF interaction or it could possibly be mediated by other proteins. In mammals (mice, humans, pigs), only the allele for insulin-like growth ...
Local anesthetic
... and does not result in cross-allergy to amides.[13][14] Therefore, amides can be used as alternatives in those patients. ... renin-angiotensin system *ACE inhibitors. *Angiotensin II receptor antagonists. *Renin inhibitors. *Antihyperlipidemics * ... Esters are prone to producing allergic reactions, which may necessitate the use of an amide. The names of each locally clinical ... Many local anesthetics fall into two general chemical classes, amino esters (top) and amino amides (bottom) ...
List of enzymes
Category:EC 3.5.2 (In cyclic amides) *Beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6) ... Angiotensin converting enzyme. *Category:EC 3.4.21 *Serine ...
List of EC numbers (EC 3)
... fatty acid amide hydrolase EC 3.5.1.100: (R)-amidase EC 3.5.1.101: L-proline amide hydrolase EC 3.5.1.102: 2-amino-5- ... angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 EC 3.4.18.1: cathepsin X EC 3.4.19.1: acylaminoacyl-peptidase EC 3.4.19.2: peptidyl- ...
Oxytocin
du Vigneaud V, Ressler C, Swan JM, Roberts CW, Katsoyannis PG, Gordon S (1953). "The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the ... its C-terminus has been converted to a primary amide and a disulfide bridge joins the cysteine moieties.[116] Oxytocin has a ... in the sequence cysteine-tyrosine-isoleucine-glutamine-asparagine-cysteine-proline-leucine-glycine-amide (Cys - Tyr - Ile - Gln ... Angiotensin. *Bombesin. *Calcitonin gene-related peptide. *Carnosine. *Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript ...
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
Kidney failure is especially a risk if the patient is also concomitantly taking an ACE inhibitor (which removes angiotensin ... enhance endocannabinoid signaling by blocking the anandamide-degrading membrane enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH).[78] ... At these elevated levels, angiotensin II also constricts the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus in addition to the efferent ... "A binding site for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in fatty acid amide hydrolase". J Am Chem Soc. 135 (1): 22-25. doi ...
Puromycin
... position contains an amide linkage instead of the normal ester linkage of tRNA. That makes the molecule much more resistant to ...
Cannabinoid receptor type 2
"Cannabinoid CB2 receptors and fatty acid amide hydrolase are selectively overexpressed in neuritic plaque-associated glia in ...
Cholecystokinin B receptor
... of tyrosine 189 and asparagine 358 of the cholecystokinin 2 receptor in direct interaction with the crucial C-terminal amide of ...
Peptide
A polypeptide is a single linear chain of many amino acids (any length), held together by amide bonds. ... A decapeptide has ten amino acids (e.g., gonadotropin-releasing hormone & angiotensin I). ... Solid-phase peptide synthesis on a rink amide resin using Fmoc-α-amine-protected amino acid ... as a water molecule is released during formation of each amide bond.[4] All peptides except cyclic peptides have an N-terminal ...
ಆಕ್ಸಿಟೋಸಿನ್ - ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ
"The synthesis of an octapeptide amide with the hormonal activity of oxytocin". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75 (19): 4879-80. doi:10.1021 ... Angiotensin. *Bombesin. *Calcitonin gene-related peptide. *Carnosine. *Cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript ...
Dissociative
renin-angiotensin system *ACE inhibitors. *Angiotensin II receptor antagonists. *Renin inhibitors. *Antihyperlipidemics * ... amides. *1P-ETH-LAD. *1P-LSD. *2-Butyllysergamide. *3-Pentyllysergamide. *AL-LAD ...
Dopamine receptor D3
regulation of blood volume by renin-angiotensin. • regulation of locomotion involved in locomotory behavior. • cellular calcium ... Peglion JL, Poitevin C, Mannoury La Cour C, Dupuis D, Millan MJ (April 2009). "Modulations of the amide function of the ... and 2-pyridylphenyl amides developed for treatment of psychostimulant abuse". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental ...
δ-opioid receptor
Blue represents a common phenolic moiety, yellow a basic nitrogen, and red a diethyl amide moiety which isn't set in stone, but ...
Neuromodulation
Angiotensin II receptor antagonist. *Endothelin receptor antagonist. *NK1 receptor antagonist. *Vasopressin receptor antagonist ...
mTOR inhibitors
The most important hydrogen bonds are the lactone carbonyl oxygen at C-21 to the backbone NH of Ile56, amide carbonyl at C-15 ... renin-angiotensin system *ACE inhibitors. *Angiotensin II receptor antagonists. *Renin inhibitors. *Antihyperlipidemics * ...
Discovery and development of HIV-protease inhibitors
On one end it has a tetrahydrofuran carbamate group and on the other end is an isobutylphenyl sulfonamide with an added amide. ...
Angiotensin amide | Define Angiotensin amide at Dictionary.com
Angiotensinamide - Wikipedia
Angiotensin amide - definition of angiotensin amide by The Free Dictionary
angiotensin amide synonyms, angiotensin amide pronunciation, angiotensin amide translation, English dictionary definition of ... angiotensin amide. n. Any of several polypeptide hormones, designated by Roman numerals, that are involved in the regulation of ... Angiotensin amide - definition of angiotensin amide by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/angiotensin+amide ... angiotensin. (redirected from angiotensin amide). Also found in: Thesaurus, Medical, Encyclopedia. an·gi·o·ten·sin. (ăn′jē-ō- ...
Angiotensin 1/2 (1-8) amide|Vasoconstrictor
... angiotensin converting enzyme), by removing a dipeptide.,/p, ,p,Angiotensin 1/2 (1-8) amide (H2N-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro- ... angiotensin 1- 8) is yielded from angiotensin-1, a substrate of ACE ( ... Angiotensin 1/2 (1-8) amide (H2N-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-amide) is a peptide analogue to angiotensin II that is used as ... The physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8) is yielded from angiotensin-1, a substrate of ACE ( ...
Contrasting Degradation Rates of Synthetic Angiotensin Amide and Natural Angiotensin in Human Plasma (34748)<...
Contrasting Degradation Rates of Synthetic Angiotensin Amide and Natural Angiotensin in Human Plasma (34748). Proceedings of ... Notargiacomo, Aldo V. ; Cohn, Jay N. / Contrasting Degradation Rates of Synthetic Angiotensin Amide and Natural Angiotensin in ... Notargiacomo, A. V., & Cohn, J. N. (1970). Contrasting Degradation Rates of Synthetic Angiotensin Amide and Natural Angiotensin ... Contrasting Degradation Rates of Synthetic Angiotensin Amide and Natural Angiotensin in Human Plasma (34748). / Notargiacomo, ...
Following the Astrobiology Roadmap: Origins, Habitability and Future Exploration. - International Symposium on Origins of Life...
Some Contributions to the Pharmacology of Synthetic Angiotensin | Circulation
The examination of synthetic valyl-5-angiotensin II-amide in the conscious dog revealed the following:. 1. Both the arterial ... 2. Angiotensin II and norepinephrine provoke a dose-dependent increase in central venous pressure. The threshold dose is about ... 3. Anesthesia and atropinization both reduce or abolish the effect of angiotensin II as well as that of norepinephrine on the ... 5. During hemorrhagic hypotension, the response to angiotensin II may be retained or even enhanced and is less likely to have ...
Tyr(PO₃H₂)⁴]-Angiotensin II, Human - Calbiochem | 05-23-0111
Calbiochem Shown to inhibit renin release in a mean arterial pressure assay with similar potency to angiotensin II amide. - ... More,, Shown to inhibit renin release in a mean arterial pressure assay with similar potency to angiotensin II amide. Less,, ... Shown to inhibit renin release in a mean arterial pressure assay with similar potency to angiotensin II amide. However, it has ... Shown to inhibit renin release in a mean arterial pressure assay with similar potency to angiotensin II amide; however, it has ...
Direct inhibition of renin as a cardiovascular pharmacotherapy: focus on aliskiren.
The important role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in the treatment of systemic hypertension, heart failure, ... Amides / adverse effects, chemistry, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, therapeutic use*. Angiotensin II / blood, physiology. ... 0/Amides; 0/Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; 0/Antihypertensive Agents; 0/Biphenyl Compounds; 0/Fumarates; 0/ ... Given the established beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in the ...
Publications - Dr Nelofer Syed
Towards this end, four [Y]6 -Angiotensin II analogues are synthesized where amide bonds have been replaced by 1,4-disubstituted ... Renziehausen A, Eschbacher J, ONeill K, Tzakos A, Crook T, Syed Net al., 2016, ANGIOTENSIN SIGNALLING IN GBM: AT2R AS A NOVEL ... The renin angiotensin system (RAS) mediates bifunctional growth regulation in melanoma and is a novel target for therapeutic ... Single Peptide Backbone Surrogate Mutations to Regulate Angiotensin GPCR Subtype Selectivity., Chemistry ...
Poisons Act (Amendment of Schedule) Notification 1997 - Singapore Statutes Online
Arterial Angiotensin II and Venous Immunoreactive Material before and during Angiotensin Infusion in Man | Clinical Science |...
... with angiotensin II amide the A:V ratio was 1·72 ± 0·49 (n = 35), and with synthetic human angiotensin it was 1·63 ± 0·2 (n = 6 ... similar results being obtained with angiotensin II amide and synthetic human angiotensin II. ... Arterial Angiotensin II and Venous Immunoreactive Material before and during Angiotensin Infusion in Man W. Oelkers W. Oelkers ... Characterization of Immunoreactive Angiotensin in Canine Cerebrospinal Fluid as Des-Asp 1 -Angiotensin II Clin Sci Mol Med ( ...
Impaired autoregulation of cerebral blood flow in long-term type I (insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with nephropathy and...
PATTERN OF RENAL VASOCONSTRICTION AND TRANSMITTER RELEASE DURING SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION IN PRESENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN AND COCAINE...
An i.a. infusion of angiotensin II amide resulted in potentiation of the response to sympathetic stimulation at a low frequency ... PATTERN OF RENAL VASOCONSTRICTION AND TRANSMITTER RELEASE DURING SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION IN PRESENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN AND COCAINE ... PATTERN OF RENAL VASOCONSTRICTION AND TRANSMITTER RELEASE DURING SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION IN PRESENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN AND COCAINE ... PATTERN OF RENAL VASOCONSTRICTION AND TRANSMITTER RELEASE DURING SYMPATHETIC STIMULATION IN PRESENCE OF ANGIOTENSIN AND COCAINE ...
Patent US7419504 - Poly(ester amide) block copolymers - Google Patents
... ester amide) (PEA) and a hard block (B). The copolymer can be any of AB, ABA or BAB type block copolymers. By varying the ... Examples of such cytostatic substance include angiopeptin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (e.g. ... A. Poly(ester amide) Block (A). Poly(ester amide), as used herein, encompasses any polymer having both ester and amide groups ... Novel poly(ester-amide) hot-melt adhesives. US4656242. 7 Jun 1985. 7 Apr 1987. Henkel Corporation. Poly(ester-amide) ...
Anodic Oxidation | The Moeller Research Group
Anodic Amide Oxidations: A Total Synthesis of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor A58365A. Kevin D. Moeller and Poh Lee ... The methoxylated amides were cyclized to form tricyclic amides using titanium tetrachloride. ... An anodic amide oxidation based procedure for annulating lactam rings onto amino acid derivatives has been used to construct ... Anodic amide oxidations in the presence of electron-rich phenyl rings: evidence for an intramolecular electron-transfer ...
Inhibition of Angiotensin-II Production Increases Susceptibility to Acute Ischemia/Reperfusion Arrhythmia - Article abstract ...
CONCLUSIONS:Angiotensin-II production appears to be associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, but Ang-II ... The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pharmacological inhibition of angiotensin-II (Ang-II) production on ... Keywords: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - pharmacology, Angiotensin II - metabolism, Amides - pharmacology, Animals ... CONCLUSIONS: Angiotensin-II production appears to be associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, but Ang-II ...
Rapid sequence induction (RSI) in trauma patients: Insights from healthcare providers. | Associação Nacional de Bioquímica e...
Uni-Trieve, 1 liter | Associação Nacional de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular
Description: Angiotensin I/II (1-7) amide (H2N-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-amide) is a peptide analog to angiotensin II that is ... Description: The physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8) is yielded from angiotensin-1, a substrate of ... and selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist. ...
Ion channels and myogenic activity in retinal arterioles. - Disease Connect
Description: Angiotensin I/II (1-7) amide (H2N-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-amide) is a peptide analog to angiotensin II that is ... Description: The physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8) is yielded from angiotensin-1, a substrate of ... and selective angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist. ...
US5312828A - Substituted imidazoles having angiotensin II receptor blocking activity
- Google Patents
... and methods of using these compounds to produce angiotensin II receptor antagonism in mammals. ... Angiotensin II receptor antagonists having the formula: ##STR1## which are useful in regulating hypertension and in the ... N-aroylamino acid amides as endothelin inhibitors US6090828A (en) 2000-07-18. 5-aryleheteroarylalkyl-1,3,5-trisubstituted-1,2,4 ... Angiotensin II receptor blocking benzimidazoles US5399566A (en) 1995-03-21. Pyridine derivatives having angiotensin II ...
Poly(ester amide) block copolymers - Patent # 7699889 - PatentGenius
Examples of such cytostatic substance include angiopeptin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (e.g. ... A. Poly(Ester Amide) Block (A). Poly(ester amide), as used herein, encompasses any polymer having both ester and amide groups ... Poly(Ester Amide) Block Copolymer. In one aspect of the present invention, provided herein is a copolymer that includes a soft ... Synthesis and Study of Regular Poly(ester amide)s Based on Bis(.alpha./amino acid).alpha.,.omega./Alkylene Diesters, and ...
JCI -
Volume 55, Issue 4
Similarly, infusion of angiotensin II amide led to a significantly increased ipsilateral excretion rate of prostaglandin E2 and ... In man, i.v. infusion of angiotensin also led to an increased urinary eliminiation of prostaglandin E. These results show that ... These studies indicate that there is a close correlation of bradykinin levels with renin activity and angiotensin II, in both ... The possibility that bradykinin, a potent vasodilator, might be a physiological antagonist of the renin-angiotensin system was ...
Comparative efficacy of aliskiren monotherapy and ramipril monotherapy in patients with stage 2 systolic hypertension: subgroup...
US20130129794A1 - Poly(Ester Amide)-Based Drug Delivery Systems
- Google Patents
Implantable medical devices including a coating having a bioactive agent and a poly(ester amide) polymer. Methods of forming ... Examples of cytostatic substances include angiopeptin, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (e.g. Capoten ... Unsaturated poly(ester-amide) biomaterials US20050271700A1 (en) 2004-06-03. 2005-12-08. Desnoyer Jessica R. Poly(ester amide) ... Poly(ester-amide) and poly(amide) coatings for implantable medical devices for controlled release of a protein or peptide and a ...
Angiostrophy | Define Angiostrophy at Dictionary.com
Hyperglycemia Activates p53 and p53-Regulated Genes Leading to Myocyte Cell Death | Diabetes
Al-Merani SA, Brooks DP, Chapman BJ, Munday KA: The half-lives of angiotensin II, angiotensin II-amide, angiotensin III, Sar1- ... p53 enhances the myocyte renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the formation of angiotensin II (Ang II). Moreover, p53 reduces the ... Angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediates vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and antagonizes angiotensin II type 1 receptor ... Yamada T, Horiuchi M, Dzau VJ: Angiotensin II type 2 receptor mediates programmed cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:156- ...
Search Articles | University of Toronto Libraries
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Adult , Angiotensin Amide/diagnosis , Angiotensin II/diagnosis , Clinical Trials as Topic , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , ... Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Angiotensin Amide/diagnosis , Angiotensin II/blood , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , ... Variable sensitivity of different hypertensives to constant infusion of angiotensin. Gupta, B M; Chugh, K S; Chaudhury, R R; ...
VasoconstrictorPeptideHypertensionInhibitorsReninReceptorsOctapeptide angiotensinBlockersFatty Acid AmidInhibitionPressor response to angiotensinPeptidesAntagonistsAldosteroneEffect of angiotensinBlock copolymersDecapeptide angiotensinSynthesisInfusionMetabolismBradykininAngiotensinogenAbstractNorepinephrineEnzyme inhibitorRatsResponsesAdrenalCarboxyl terminusLosartanHypertensiveCardiovascularPolyPotencyVasodilatorAminoBlood vesselsBlockadeResiduesVentricular
Vasoconstrictor4
- BAN and USAN angiotensin amide) is a potent vasoconstrictor used as a cardiac stimulant. (wikipedia.org)
- Amide as vasoconstrictor. (druglead.com)
- Procaine amide reduced the reflex vasoconstrictor response to carotid hypotension, but this reduction was comparable to the inhibition of sympathetic ganglionic transmission. (ahajournals.org)
- Angiotensin II is well known as a potent vasoconstrictor, but many reports indicate that angiotensins exert vasodilator properties. (ahajournals.org)
Peptide7
- A peptide analog to angiotensin II that is used as a vasopressor in the treatment of certain types of shock and circulatory collapse. (dictionary.com)
- The physiologically active peptide angiotensin-2 (angiotensin 1- 8) is yielded from angiotensin-1, a substrate of ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme), by removing a dipeptide. (apexbt.com)
- Angiotensin 1/2 (1-8) amide (H2N-Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-amide) is a peptide analogue to angiotensin II that is used as a vasopressor agent in the treatment of certain types of shock and circulatory collapse. (apexbt.com)
- 6. It is proposed that arterial PAC rather than venous IM should be measured when the relationship between blood levels and biological effects of the peptide are the object of the study, particularly during angiotensin infusion or when rapid changes in circulating angiotensin occur. (portlandpress.com)
- 2. An absorbable stent formed of a material comprising a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises a poly(ester amide) block and a tyrosine di-peptide block. (google.com.au)
- In vivo both domains clear the vasodilator peptide bradykinin with approximately equal efficiencies [ 7 - 9 ], the C-domain appears to be the prominent site for the production of vasoactive peptide angiotensin II, whereas the N-domain is the primary site for the clearance of tetrapeptide Ac-SDKP ( N -acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro) [ 8 - 10 ]. (clinsci.org)
- Angiotensin , a peptide , one form of which, angiotensin II, causes constriction of blood vessels . (britannica.com)
Hypertension8
- The important role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade in the treatment of systemic hypertension, heart failure, diabetic kidney disease, and atherogenesis has been clearly established. (biomedsearch.com)
- ACE inhibitors, such as captopril , are antagonists of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and potentiators of the kinin system and are used for treatment of hypertension, usually in conjunction with a diuretic. (thefreedictionary.com)
- A hydrolase responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to the vasoactive angiotensin II by removal of a dipeptide (histidylleucine) from angiotensin I. Drugs that inhibit ACE are used to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Due to its critical role in the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS), ACE has been targeted by a number of pharmaceutical compounds to treat hypertension, diabetic nephropathy, and renal failure. (proteopedia.org)
- Angiotensin infusion test in the diagnosis of renal hypertension. (bvsalud.org)
- Drugs that inhibit ACE, and thus block the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, are used to lower blood pressure in patients with hypertension . (britannica.com)
- Obesity-associated arterial hypertension is characterised by activation of the sympathetic system, activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and sodium retention, among different abnormalities. (conferenceseries.com)
- ACE has long been known to be a key part of the renin angiotensin system that regulates blood pressure, and ACE inhibitors are important for the treatment of hypertension. (biomedcentral.com)
Inhibitors5
- The theoretical therapeutic advantages for inhibiting the detrimental effects of the renin-angiotensin system at its most upstream point have served as the impetus for the development of renin inhibitors. (biomedsearch.com)
- The advent of aliskiren, the first in a novel class of orally active, nonpeptide, highly specific, human renin inhibitors, provides a new modality in the armamentarium of renin-angiotensin system antagonists. (biomedsearch.com)
- Given the established beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in the treatment of cardiovascular and renovascular diseases, future studies may further elucidate a similar protective role for aliskiren both as a monotherapy and as part of a combination therapy. (biomedsearch.com)
- angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors competitive inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme , which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II and inactivates bradykinin. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The open, prospective 3A Registry (N=8723) in Germany assigned patients in a 4:1:1 ratio to ALIS, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), or non-RAS drugs. (mdc-berlin.de)
Renin19
- Cross-tachyphylaxis can be demonstrated between renin and angiotensin II but not between either of these and norepinephrine. (ahajournals.org)
- These results suggest that tachyphylaxis to renin is due to tachyphylaxis to angiotensin. (ahajournals.org)
- Shown to inhibit renin release in a mean arterial pressure assay with similar potency to angiotensin II amide. (emdmillipore.com)
- Studies in marmosets and rats demonstrated that aliskiren reduced blood pressure in a dose-dependent manner and is highly efficacious in blocking plasma renin activity with parallel reductions in the levels of the other downstream constituents of the renin-angiotensin system. (biomedsearch.com)
- Response of the kallikrein-kinin and renin-angiotensin systems to saline infusion and upright posture. (jci.org)
- To determine whether enzymatic p53 glycosylation leads to angiotensin II formation followed by p53 phosphorylation, prolonged activation of the renin-angiotensin system, and apoptosis, ventricular myocytes were exposed to levels of glucose mimicking diabetic hyperglycemia. (diabetesjournals.org)
- In conclusion, these in vitro results support the notion that hyperglycemia with diabetes promotes myocyte apoptosis mediated by activation of p53 and effector responses involving the local renin-angiotensin system. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Because p53 binding sites are present in the promoter of angiotensinogen (Aogen) and AT 1 receptor genes ( 11 , 12 ), p53 enhances the myocyte renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the formation of angiotensin II (Ang II). (diabetesjournals.org)
- The enzymatic action of renin acts on angiotensinogen to form the decapeptide angiotensin I, which is relatively inactive. (thefreedictionary.com)
- See Renin/angiotensin/aldosterone system. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The chapters provide insights gained by the genetic manipulation of angiotensin II, assessment of its transcriptional and translational regulation, work on the angiotensin receptors , the status of the specific molecular components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system under differing conditions, and functional responses to the angiotensins. (thefreedictionary.com)
- [3] The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a major regulator of blood pressure in the human body. (proteopedia.org)
- Renin is an enzyme produced by the liver which cleaves Angiotensinogen into Angiotensin I Angiotensin Ihas the sequence, DRVTIHPFHL, and does not appear to have any biological activity. (proteopedia.org)
- See the schematic image of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System at the left for a visual description and the table below for selected Angiotensin receptor-mediated effects of binding Angiotensin II. (proteopedia.org)
- The authors investigated the long-term effectiveness and safety of aliskiren (ALIS) with particular attention on its association with dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). (mdc-berlin.de)
- Angiotensin I is produced by the action of renin (an enzyme produced by the kidneys ) on a protein called angiotensinogen, which is formed by the liver . (britannica.com)
- Recent evidence of interactions between the renin-angiotensin system and the endocannabinoid system suggests that anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol may modulate Ang II contraction. (mdc-berlin.de)
- These renin-angiotensin system-endocannabinoid system interactions may contribute to the enhanced vascular reactivity in early stages of hypertensive pregnancy. (mdc-berlin.de)
- 2. In the present study, we compared the effects of aliskiren (10 mg/kg per day), the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor perindopril (0.2 mg/kg per day) and their combination on angiotensin and bradykinin peptides in female heterozygous (mRen-2)27 rats, transgenic for the mouse renin gene. (edu.au)
Receptors12
- Cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate the effects of angiotensin II. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Drugs that block the angiotensin receptors , (AT1R blockers) are prescribed to millions of people to lower high blood pressure. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Further, Angiotensin II binds to kidney AT1 receptors resulting in sodium ion reabsorption, leading to increased water retention in the blood and subsequent increased blood pressure. (proteopedia.org)
- Other studies indicate that angiotensin AT 2 receptors might mediate a depressor action, and the present study was designed to delineate and explore this possibility in a conscious rabbit model. (ahajournals.org)
- It is clear that specific angiotensin IV or angiotensin-(1-7) receptors do not mediate depressor effects in this model. (ahajournals.org)
- The data obtained with the angiotensin receptor subtype-selective compounds, losartan and PD 123319, suggest that the depressor action is an AT 1 -mediated effect and give no indication that AT 2 receptors could be involved. (ahajournals.org)
- Paradoxically, the greater potency of angiotensin III as a vasodepressor belies the conclusion that the response is AT 1 -mediated, because AT 1 receptors have a greater affinity for angiotensin II versus angiotensin III. (ahajournals.org)
- Angiotensin III was a more potent depressor than was angiotensin II, and this is consistent with an AT 2 -mediated response because angiotensin III binds less effectively than angiotensin II at AT 1 receptors but has a comparable affinity at AT 2 receptors. (ahajournals.org)
- des-Asp angiotensin I attenuated the contractile responses to angiotensin III but potentiated the response to angiotensin II, and the authors state that the 2 peptides exert their effects at 2 different receptors. (ahajournals.org)
- 5 Our experiments were designed to test the hypothesis that the depressor response is mediated by AT 2 receptors and that depressor responses to angiotensin III will be more prominent than those produced by angiotensin II. (ahajournals.org)
- Our experiments also address the hypothesis that angiotensinogenic depressor responses could be mediated by non-AT 1 /AT 2 receptors, because of the experiments by Haberl 6 described above and the observation that angiotensin IV and angiotensin-(1-7) have dilator or depressor activity. (ahajournals.org)
- Blood pressure also can be lowered using drugs that are designed to block the receptors to which angiotensin II must bind to exert its actions. (britannica.com)
Octapeptide angiotensin4
- The octapeptide angiotensin II differs among species only in the amino acid residue in position 5 being either Val or Ile. (druglead.com)
- It in turn is acted upon by peptidases (converting enzymes), chiefly in the lungs, to form the octapeptide angiotensin II, a powerful vasopressor and a stimulator of aldosterone secretion by the adrenal cortex. (thefreedictionary.com)
- ACE catalyzes the conversion of the decapeptide Angiotensin I to the octapeptide Angiotensin II. (proteopedia.org)
- Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) is a monomeric, membrane-bound, zinc- and chloride-dependent peptidyl dipeptidase that catalyzes the conversion of the decapeptide angiotensin I to the octapeptide angiotensin II, by removing a carboxy-terminal dipeptide. (biomedcentral.com)
Blockers1
- In a handful of young blacks identified as sodium retainers through a complex research protocol, Harshfield has shown that the dangerous sodium load can be lifted with angiotensin receptor blockers , a common blood pressure treatment. (thefreedictionary.com)
Fatty Acid Amid3
- We determined the role of the cannabinoid receptor 1 by blockade with SR171416A, and the contribution of anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol degradation to Ang II contraction by inhibiting their hydrolyzing enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (with URB597) or monoacylglycerol lipase (with JZL184), respectively. (mdc-berlin.de)
- Fatty acid amide hydrolase blockade decreased Ang IIMAX in Sprague-Dawley UA, and decreased both Ang IIMAX and sensitivity in TgA UA. (mdc-berlin.de)
- fatty acid amide hydrolase predominantly localized in endothelium and monoacylglycerol lipase in smooth muscle cells. (mdc-berlin.de)
Inhibition5
- The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pharmacological inhibition of angiotensin-II (Ang-II) production on heart tissue with ischemia-reperfusion damage, arrhythmia, and oxidative stress. (medscimonit.com)
- Inhibition of O-glycosylation prevented the initial synthesis of angiotensin II, p53, and p38-MAP kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation and apoptosis. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Inhibition of sympathetic ganglionic transmission contributed predominantly to the vasodilatation in muscle that accompanied intravenous administration of procaine amide (20 mg/kg). (ahajournals.org)
- in both muscle and paw, no decreases in base-line perfusion pressures and no inhibition of constrictor responses to phenylephrine, angiotensin, and 5-hydroxytryptamine occurred. (ahajournals.org)
- We conclude that the vasodilator effect of procaine amide results from inhibition of ganglionic transmission. (ahajournals.org)
Pressor response to angiotensin2
- 4. In endotoxin hypotension, the pressor response to angiotensin II and to norepinephrine is diminished, and the venous pressure response becomes gradually depressed until it is completely abolished. (ahajournals.org)
- Early in vitro work showed vasorelaxation by angiotensins in some vascular beds, 1 2 3 and Campbell et al 4 reported a vasodepressor phase after the characteristic pressor response to angiotensin II in conscious rabbits. (ahajournals.org)
Peptides2
- [1] ACE is a zinc- and chloride-dependent metallopeptidase that is responsible for the metabolism of key biologically active peptides, namely Angiotensin I and Bradykinin. (proteopedia.org)
- Based on potential proteolytic cleavage sites, three C-terminal hypothetical peptides are predicted: Phoenixin-20 amide, Phoenixin15 (Phoenixin-14-Gly), and Phoenixin-14 amide. (phoenixpeptide.com)
Antagonists2
- Vasodilatation by angiotensins in the cerebral circulation might occur by different mechanisms, in view of the fact that it appears to be blocked by both AT 1 and AT 2 antagonists and seems to be similar to arginine-induced vasodilatation. (ahajournals.org)
- 4-Diazinyl- and 4-Pyridinylimidazoles: Potent Angiotensin II Antagonists. (patentgenius.com)
Aldosterone2
- [5] Binding of Angiotensin II to ATI leads to vasoconstriction by vascular smooth muscle cells, resulting in increased blood pressure, as well as the release of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis regulator, aldosterone, by the adrenal glands. (proteopedia.org)
- 3. All three treatments produced similar reductions in systolic blood pressure, heart weight and plasma aldosterone levels and reduced angiotensin II levels in lung, but only perindopril and the combination reduced angiotensin II levels in kidney of (mRen-2)27 rats. (edu.au)
Effect of angiotensin2
- 3. Anesthesia and atropinization both reduce or abolish the effect of angiotensin II as well as that of norepinephrine on the venous pressure, indicating the reflex nature of the underlying mechanism. (ahajournals.org)
- The effect of angiotensin-II-amide on the biosynthesis of catecholamines (CA) has been studied in a number of isolated tissues in vitro.2. (shouludliighvt6.gq)
Block copolymers2
- Provided herein is a copolymer that includes a soft block (A) that contains poly(ester amide) (PEA) and a hard block (B). The copolymer can be any of AB, ABA or BAB type block copolymers. (google.com.au)
- This invention generally relates to poly(ester amide) block copolymers useful for forming a bioabsorbable device such as a stent or for coating an implantable device such as a drug-delivery stent. (google.com.au)
Decapeptide angiotensin1
- Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE, also known as peptidyl-dipeptidase A or kininase II) was first isolated in 1956 and shown to be a chloride-dependent metalloenzyme that cleaves a dipeptide from the carboxyl terminus of the decapeptide angiotensin I to form the potent vasopressor (blood vessel constrictor) angiotensin II [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Synthesis3
- Synthesis and Study of Regular Poly(ester amide)s Based on Bis(.alpha. (patentgenius.com)
- Angiotensin II synthesis increased at 45 min and 1 h, resulting in p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase-driven p53 phosphorylation at Ser 390. (diabetesjournals.org)
- Soulakis2, D. Mourelatos1, E. Mioglou1, 1 Laboratory of General Biology and Genetics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 2 Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Patras The reasons for the synthesis of the compounds studied in the present work are a) The already known antineoplastic activity of Hecogenin in HeLa cells and b) the knowledge that the amide (-NHCO-) group in modified steroidal derivatives of Chlorambucil enhances the. (centrallakesclinic.biz)
Infusion5
- 1. Angiotensin II together with any immunoreactive fragments of angiotensin were measured in arterial and venous plasma before and during infusion of angiotensin II amide in five normotensive subjects, both in sodium-replete and sodium-depleted states. (portlandpress.com)
- 2. Arterial plasma angiotensin II concentration (PAC) and venous IM were compared in two additional subjects during infusion of angiotensin II amide and of synthetic human angiotensin II. (portlandpress.com)
- 5. Results of an in vitro study suggest that the formation of new angiotensin in the vein is not sufficient to explain the lower A:V ratio of PAC before infusion. (portlandpress.com)
- Mean arterial blood pressure was elevated approximately 30 mmHg by intravenous infusion of angiotensin amide II and lowered about 10 mmHg by intravenous infusion of trimethaphan camsylate. (nih.gov)
- An i.a. infusion of angiotensin II amide resulted in potentiation of the response to sympathetic stimulation at a low frequency (2 cps) and an increased release of catecholamine elicited during stimulation at a higher frequency (5 cps). (aspetjournals.org)
Metabolism1
- A zinc-containing hydrolase cleaving C-terminal dipeptides from a variety of substrates, including angiotensin I, which is converted to angiotensin II and histidylleucine (an important step in the metabolism of certain vasopressor agents). (thefreedictionary.com)
Bradykinin2
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) catalyses the conversion of Ang I to Ang II and degrades bradykinin 1-9 (BK2 receptor agonist). (diabetesaid.com)
- Moreover, 3 mg/kg per day aliskiren increased cardiac bradykinin levels, but did not reduce renal angiotensin levels. (edu.au)
Angiotensinogen1
- Upregulation of p53 was associated with an accumulation of angiotensinogen and AT 1 and enhanced production of angiotensin II. (diabetesjournals.org)
Abstract1
- Abstract -Vasodilator and vasodepressor properties of angiotensins have been reported, and mediation by prostaglandins or nitric oxide has been proposed. (ahajournals.org)
Norepinephrine3
- 2. Angiotensin II and norepinephrine provoke a dose-dependent increase in central venous pressure. (ahajournals.org)
- In doses eliciting the same increase of arterial blood pressure, norepinephrine is about twice as active on the venous pressure as angiotensin II. (ahajournals.org)
- 5. During hemorrhagic hypotension, the response to angiotensin II may be retained or even enhanced and is less likely to have an adverse effect on the myocardium than norepinephrine. (ahajournals.org)
Enzyme inhibitor1
- An anodic amide oxidation based procedure for annulating lactam rings onto amino acid derivatives has been used to construct the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor A58365A. (wustl.edu)
Rats1
- The angiotensin-inactivating capacity of homogenates prepared from kidneys of rats subjected to various experimental procedures was studied. (naver.com)
Responses7
- 1. Both the arterial and the central venous pressure responses exhibit tachyplylaxis when high doses of angiotensin II are administered, althoug not when medium or low doses are given. (ahajournals.org)
- Also, procaine amide had no detectable effects on constrictor responses to stimulation of sympathetic postganglionic nerves. (ahajournals.org)
- The absence of direct inhibitory effects on baroreceptors and central reflex pathways was supported by the failure of intracarotid administration of procaine amide to alter detectably in gracilis muscle base-line perfusion pressures and reflex constrictor responses to carotid hypotension. (ahajournals.org)
- Procaine amide reduced reflex responses to carotid chemoreceptor stimulation with nicotine but not those to stimulation with cyanide, suggesting a direct selective inhibitory action on the carotid body but not on the central pathways of the reflex. (ahajournals.org)
- Large intravenous boluses of angiotensin III (15 nmol/kg) produced a predictable pressor peak (82±4 mm Hg) followed by a depressor phase (20±3 mm Hg), whereas equipressor doses of angiotensin II were less effective at producing depressor responses. (ahajournals.org)
- 5 Depressor or dilator responses to angiotensins are not duplicated by other vasopressors, tend to be manifested at high angiotensin concentrations, and might be prominent in specific vascular beds. (ahajournals.org)
- 11 An AT 2 -mediated dilator action is further supported by a study of Li et al, 12 who reported that angiotensin III contractile responses in rat aorta were accentuated by PD 123177 but that angiotensin II and IV responses were unaffected. (ahajournals.org)
Adrenal1
- Angiotensin II is hydrolyzed in various tissues to form heptapeptide angiotensin III, which has less vasopressor activity but more effect on the adrenal cortex. (thefreedictionary.com)
Carboxyl terminus1
- The C-terminal tripeptide His-Pro-Phe was successfully replaced by a γ -turn mimetic scaffold, 2-(aminomethyl)phenylacetic acid (AMPA), which was coupled via an amide bond to the carboxyl terminus of Val-Tyr-Ile. (diva-portal.org)
Losartan3
- losartan also prevented phosphorylation of p38-MAPK by angiotensin II. (diabetesjournals.org)
- The AT 1 antagonist losartan (1 mg/kg) blocked both the pressor and depressor components of the angiotensin III response, whereas the AT 2 antagonist PD 123319 (35 mg/kg) had no effect on either element of the response. (ahajournals.org)
- The VA NEPHRON-D (Veterans Affairs Nephropathy in Diabetes) study involved 1,448 patients with type 2 diabetes and moderate diabetic nephropathy who were treated for at least 30 days with 100 mg daily of the angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) losartan, as is standard practice in patients with diabetes. (thefreedictionary.com)
Hypertensive1
- Increased vascular sensitivity to angiotensin II (Ang II) is a marker of a hypertensive human pregnancy. (mdc-berlin.de)
Cardiovascular1
- ACE homologs (also known as members of the M2 gluzincin family) have been found in a wide variety of species, even in those that neither have a cardiovascular system nor synthesize angiotensin. (biomedcentral.com)
Poly1
- 15. The medical device of claim 1, wherein the polymer comprises a poly(ester amide) polymer. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Potency1
- Angiotensin-(1-7) did not exert a depressor action, and the reduced potency of angiotensin IV (relative to angiotensin III) was similar for both the pressor and depressor phases (≈100-fold). (ahajournals.org)
Vasodilator1
- The mechanism of the vasodilator effect of procaine amide in dogs was investigated in isolated gracilis muscle and hindpaw perfused at constant flows with arterial blood. (ahajournals.org)
Amino2
- a glycoprotein (dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase) that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II by splitting two terminal amino acids. (thefreedictionary.com)
- It is produced from angiotensin I after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME. (bvsalud.org)
Blood vessels1
- Angiotensin II acts directly on blood vessels, causing their constriction and thereby raising blood pressure . (britannica.com)
Blockade1
- The difference in the relative degree of potentiation of the response to endogenously released vs. exogenously administered catecholamine, and the characteristics of the potentiated response at the lower frequency after angiotensin, suggest that this potentiation is accounted for by a mechanism different from blockade of reuptake of the transmitter. (aspetjournals.org)
Residues1
- The substance so formed is a decapeptide called angiotensin I which is converted to the active pressor agent, angiotensin II , by the splitting off of the C- terminal His-Leu residues by the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) or angiotensinase . (druglead.com)
Ventricular1
- Angiotensin-II production appears to be associated with elevated levels of reactive oxygen species, but Ang-II inhibitions increases arrhythmia, mainly by initiating ventricular ectopic beats. (medscimonit.com)