AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
AneugensMicronucleus TestsMicronuclei, Chromosome-DefectiveGriseofulvinCell Nucleus ShapeMutagensAneuploidyColchicineMitomycinThimerosalPreservatives, PharmaceuticalNeuroblastomaEthylmercury CompoundsMercuryCosmeticsCell DeathCatfishesAcetanilidesHerbicidesLipid PeroxidationAntioxidantsCatalaseSuperoxide DismutaseMutagenicity TestsBiotransformationMicrosomes, LiverSalmonella typhimuriumAroclorsGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryForensic MedicineBenzodiazepinesMass SpectrometryTandem Mass SpectrometryHigh-Throughput Screening AssaysFactor Analysis, StatisticalChromatography, LiquidDrug DesignQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipInformaticsRhodiumPalladiumStructure-Activity RelationshipMolecular Structure
Aneugens
Agents which affect CELL DIVISION and the MITOTIC SPINDLE APPARATUS resulting in the loss or gain of whole CHROMOSOMES, thereby inducing an ANEUPLOIDY.
Micronucleus Tests
Induction and quantitative measurement of chromosomal damage leading to the formation of micronuclei (MICRONUCLEI, CHROMOSOME-DEFECTIVE) in cells which have been exposed to genotoxic agents or IONIZING RADIATION.
Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective
Defective nuclei produced during the TELOPHASE of MITOSIS or MEIOSIS by lagging CHROMOSOMES or chromosome fragments derived from spontaneous or experimentally induced chromosomal structural changes.
Griseofulvin
An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.
Cell Nucleus Shape
The quality of surface form or outline of the CELL NUCLEUS.
Mutagens
Chemical agents that increase the rate of genetic mutation by interfering with the function of nucleic acids. A clastogen is a specific mutagen that causes breaks in chromosomes.
Aneuploidy
The chromosomal constitution of cells which deviate from the normal by the addition or subtraction of CHROMOSOMES, chromosome pairs, or chromosome fragments. In a normally diploid cell (DIPLOIDY) the loss of a chromosome pair is termed nullisomy (symbol: 2N-2), the loss of a single chromosome is MONOSOMY (symbol: 2N-1), the addition of a chromosome pair is tetrasomy (symbol: 2N+2), the addition of a single chromosome is TRISOMY (symbol: 2N+1).
Colchicine
A major alkaloid from Colchicum autumnale L. and found also in other Colchicum species. Its primary therapeutic use is in the treatment of gout, but it has been used also in the therapy of familial Mediterranean fever (PERIODIC DISEASE).
Mitomycin
An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.
Thimerosal
An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.
Preservatives, Pharmaceutical
Substances added to pharmaceutical preparations to protect them from chemical change or microbial action. They include ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS and antioxidants.
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)
Ethylmercury Compounds
Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an ethyl group.
Mercury
A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.
Cosmetics
Substances intended to be applied to the human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions. Included in this definition are skin creams, lotions, perfumes, lipsticks, fingernail polishes, eye and facial makeup preparations, permanent waves, hair colors, toothpastes, and deodorants, as well as any material intended for use as a component of a cosmetic product. (U.S. Food & Drug Administration Center for Food Safety & Applied Nutrition Office of Cosmetics Fact Sheet (web page) Feb 1995)
Cell Death
The termination of the cell's ability to carry out vital functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, responsiveness, and adaptability.
Catfishes
Common name of the order Siluriformes. This order contains many families and over 2,000 species, including venomous species. Heteropneustes and Plotosus genera have dangerous stings and are aggressive. Most species are passive stingers.
Acetanilides
Compounds based on N-phenylacetamide, that are similar in structure to 2-PHENYLACETAMIDES. They are precursors of many other compounds. They were formerly used as ANALGESICS and ANTIPYRETICS, but often caused lethal METHEMOGLOBINEMIA.
Herbicides
Pesticides used to destroy unwanted vegetation, especially various types of weeds, grasses (POACEAE), and woody plants. Some plants develop HERBICIDE RESISTANCE.
Lipid Peroxidation
Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.
Catalase
An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the conversion of HYDROGEN PEROXIDE to water and oxygen. It is present in many animal cells. A deficiency of this enzyme results in ACATALASIA.
Superoxide Dismutase
An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the reaction between superoxide anions and hydrogen to yield molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme protects the cell against dangerous levels of superoxide. EC 1.15.1.1.
Mutagenicity Tests
Tests of chemical substances and physical agents for mutagenic potential. They include microbial, insect, mammalian cell, and whole animal tests.
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Microsomes, Liver
Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.
Salmonella typhimurium
A serotype of Salmonella enterica that is a frequent agent of Salmonella gastroenteritis in humans. It also causes PARATYPHOID FEVER.
Aroclors
Industrial chemicals which have become widespread environmental pollutants. Each aroclor is a mixture of chlorinated biphenyls (1200 series) or chlorinated terphenyls (5400 series) or a combination of both (4400 series).
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds.
Forensic Medicine
The application of medical knowledge to questions of law.
Benzodiazepines
A group of two-ring heterocyclic compounds consisting of a benzene ring fused to a diazepine ring.
Mass Spectrometry
An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.
High-Throughput Screening Assays
Rapid methods of measuring the effects of an agent in a biological or chemical assay. The assay usually involves some form of automation or a way to conduct multiple assays at the same time using sample arrays.
Factor Analysis, Statistical
A set of statistical methods for analyzing the correlations among several variables in order to estimate the number of fundamental dimensions that underlie the observed data and to describe and measure those dimensions. It is used frequently in the development of scoring systems for rating scales and questionnaires.
Chromatography, Liquid
Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.
Drug Design
The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include pharmacokinetics, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship
A quantitative prediction of the biological, ecotoxicological or pharmaceutical activity of a molecule. It is based upon structure and activity information gathered from a series of similar compounds.
Informatics
The field of information science concerned with the analysis and dissemination of data through the application of computers.
Rhodium
Rhodium. A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh. (Dorland, 28th ed)
Palladium
A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.

Human meiosis: model organisms address the maternal age effect. (1/30)

Studies in Drosophila support the view that a failure of cohesion between sister chromatids may contribute to meiotic nondisjunction in humans. Moreover, the demonstration of a meiotic aneugen in mice provides important clues to the higher frequencies of nondisjunction observed in older women.  (+info)

The small molecule Hesperadin reveals a role for Aurora B in correcting kinetochore-microtubule attachment and in maintaining the spindle assembly checkpoint. (2/30)

The proper segregation of sister chromatids in mitosis depends on bipolar attachment of all chromosomes to the mitotic spindle. We have identified the small molecule Hesperadin as an inhibitor of chromosome alignment and segregation. Our data imply that Hesperadin causes this phenotype by inhibiting the function of the mitotic kinase Aurora B. Mammalian cells treated with Hesperadin enter anaphase in the presence of numerous monooriented chromosomes, many of which may have both sister kinetochores attached to one spindle pole (syntelic attachment). Hesperadin also causes cells arrested by taxol or monastrol to enter anaphase within <1 h, whereas cells in nocodazole stay arrested for 3-5 h. Together, our data suggest that Aurora B is required to generate unattached kinetochores on monooriented chromosomes, which in turn could promote bipolar attachment as well as maintain checkpoint signaling.  (+info)

Noscapine hydrochloride-induced numerical aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes: a comparison of FISH detection methods and multiple end-points. (3/30)

The cytokinesis block in vitro micronucleus (MN) assay in combination with CREST staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with chromosome-specific DNA probes allows mechanistic information on the induction of numerical chromosomal aberrations to be obtained through a rapid and simple microscopic analysis. These techniques can now be used to investigate relationships between the induction of chromosomal loss, non-disjunction and polyploidy by aneuploidy-inducing agents. In the present study, we treated 72 h cultured lymphocytes for the last 24 h of culture with various concentrations of the cough medicine noscapine hydrochloride (NOS) (3.9-120 micro g/ml) in the presence of either cytochalasin B (CYB) (3 micro g/ml) or 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (1 micro M). Using the CREST staining modified MN assay in the CYB-treated cultures, we detected significant increases in CREST-positive but not CREST-negative MN in both binucleated and, to a lesser extent, mononucleated cells, demonstrating the ability of this compound to induce chromosomal loss. In addition, using FISH with chromosome 1- and 9-specific classical satellite probes, a significant induction of chromosomal non-disjunction in the binucleated lymphocytes and polyploidy in the mononucleated lymphocytes was seen, indicating that polyploidy induced by NOS may occur without progression through a normal anaphase and/or telophase. In the BrdU-treated cultures, a dose-dependent induction of hypodiploidy, hyperdiploidy and polyploidy was observed using FISH with a chromosome 9-specific alpha-satellite probe in the labeled cells. By comparison, in the unlabeled non-cycling cells, only a slight increase in hyperdiploidy/polyploidy but not hypodiploidy was seen. A comparison of the effects seen at different concentrations shows that at the lower effective concentrations, all three types of numerical aberrations, chromosomal loss, non-disjunction and polyploidy, contributed to the numerical aberrations seen, whereas at the highest concentration tested, polyploidy was the predominant alteration. These studies indicate that FISH in combination with CYB or BrdU immunfluorescent staining can be sensitive tools for the identification of aneuploidy-inducing agents.  (+info)

Aneugenic potential of okadaic acid revealed by the micronucleus assay combined with the FISH technique in CHO-K1 cells. (4/30)

Okadaic acid (OA) is a major toxin involved in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning in humans and has been shown to be both a potent tumor promoter in rodent skin and stomach and an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatases, specifically PP1 and PP2A. The research on the genotoxic potential of OA amounts to only a few studies, which give conflicting results. In order to evaluate the ability of OA to induce DNA damage, the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was performed in the CHO-K1 cell line. A statistically significant induction of micronuclei without strong cytotoxicity was obtained after a 24 h treatment with 20 (approximately 5-fold) and 30 nM (approximately 10-fold) OA. Then, in order to discriminate between a clastogenic or aneugenic effect of OA, the micronucleus assay was carried out in combination with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a (TTAGGG)(n) DNA probe for centromere detection. FISH analysis showed that OA mainly induced centromere-positive micronuclei (68.9% induction with 20 nM OA and 77.0% with 30 nM). Therefore, OA can be considered aneugenic. Using the same assay, biotransformation of OA was studied after a 4 h treatment with and without metabolic activation. The results show that reactive metabolites of OA were generated with a significant increase in genotoxic potential. The relationship between the different components involved in the mitotic process and OA inhibition of protein phosphatase is also discussed.  (+info)

Diethylsulphate and methylnitrosourea affect different targets in Chinese hamster fibroblasts: possible mechanisms of aneuploidy induction by these agents. (5/30)

It has been shown that the ethylating agent diethylsulphate (DES) induces centromere-containing micronuclei with kinetics suggesting that molecules other than DNA could be targets. In quiescent Chinese hamster fibroblasts CHEF/18, O6-alkylated bases inhibit ribosomal protein S6 kinase (S6K1), the terminal member of a kinase cascade responsible for an increased rate of protein synthesis, but not extracellular signal-activated kinases (ERK1/2) or terminal kinases of a second cascade which activates transcription. The inhibition correlates with the appearance of abnormal metaphases at the following mitosis, suggesting that alkylation of the nucleotide pool and inhibition of S6K1 could be one of the mechanisms leading to chromosome loss by alkylating agents. To clarify the role of protein kinases in chromosome loss induced by alkylating agents, we have studied the effects of DES and methylnitrosourea (MNU) on S6K1 and ERK1/2 activation by growth factors. The alkylating agents were studied in a battery of Chinese hamster fibroblasts (CHEF/18, CHO and ClB) with normal and mutated p53 to control for DNA damage-induced activation of p53, which could indirectly inhibit protein kinases. The role of repair in induction of micronuclei was studied in mismatch repair-proficient CHO and repair-deficient ClB cells. Our results indicate that DES induced micronuclei in a mismatch repair-independent manner, within 8 h of treatment, in agreement with a role for S6K1 inhibition in micronucleus formation. MNU induced centromere-containing micronuclei only in CHO cells, one cell cycle after treatment, without any detectable influences on either kinase cascade, suggesting a role for mismatch repair in chromosome loss.  (+info)

Preantral follicle culture as a novel in vitro assay in reproductive toxicology testing in mammalian oocytes. (6/30)

The most common genetic disorder in humans, trisomy, is caused predominantly by errors in chromosome segregation during oogenesis. Isolated mouse oocytes resuming meiosis and progressing to metaphase II in vitro have recently been used to assess targets, aneugenic potential and sensitivity of oocytes to chemical exposures. In order to extend in vitro maturation tests to earlier stages of oogenesis, an in vitro assay with mouse preantral follicle cultures has been established. It permits the identification of direct and also indirect effects of environmental chemicals on the somatic compartment, the follicle and theca cells, that may lead to disturbances of oocyte growth, maturation and chromosome segregation. Early preantral follicles from prepubertal female mice are cultured in microdroplets for 12 days under strictly controlled conditions. The follicle-enclosed oocytes resume maturation, develop to metaphase II and become in vitro ovulated within 16 h after a physiological ovulatory stimulus with recombinant human gonadotrophins and epidermal growth factor. These oocytes grown and matured in vitro possess normal barrel-shaped spindles with well-aligned chromosomes. Their chromosomes segregate with high fidelity during anaphase I. The model aneugen colchicine induced a meiotic arrest and aneuploidy in these in vitro grown, follicle-enclosed oocytes in a dose-dependent manner, comparable to in vivo tests. Therefore, preantral follicle culture appears to provide an effective and reliable method to assess the influences of environmental mutagens, pharmaceutical agents and potentially endocrine disrupting chemicals on the fidelity of female meiosis.  (+info)

Micronuclei induced by aneugens and clastogens in mononucleate and binucleate cells using the cytokinesis block assay. (7/30)

The human in vitro micronucleus (MN) test has become a fast and reliable assay for mutagenicity testing. Currently, this assay is mostly performed with cytochalasin B, which prevents cytokinesis, resulting in polynucleated cells. The number of nuclei per cell indicates the number of nuclear divisions that have occurred since the addition of cytochalasin B. It is recommended that MN are only counted in binucleated lymphocytes, because these cells have finished one nuclear division. Therefore, almost no attention has been paid to MN in mononucleated cells. However, recent studies have indicated that aneugens, but not clastogens, also induce MN in mononucleates. In order to evaluate mononucleates to distinguish between aneugenic and clastogenic effects, we tested some typical aneugens and clastogens in whole blood lymphocyte cultures of four donors with the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Results showed that the aneugens diethylstilbestrol (80 microM), griseofulvin (25 microg/ml) and vincristine sulphate (15 microg/ml) increased MN frequencies in mononucleated and binucleated cells, whilst the clastogens mitomycin C (500 ng/ml), bleomycin (6 microg/ml) and doxorubicin (20 microg/ml) increased MN frequency only in binucleates. We also tested the Y heterochromatin decondensing drug berenil (300 microg/ml). Berenil induced an extremely high number of MN in mononucleated as well as in binucleated cells, indicating an aneugenic action. This was confirmed by centromere labelling. The results suggest that MN in mononucleates may be an interesting additional parameter in the CBMN assay. Future studies should clarify whether the micronucleated mononucleate cells have escaped the cytokinesis block and become polyploid.  (+info)

Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch induces aneuploidy of chromosome 8 in mouse bone marrow cells and sperm. (8/30)

Aneuploidy of mouse chromosome 8 induced by a Chinese medicinal herb, Tripterygium hypoglaucum (level) Hutch (THH) was investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in vivo. Male mice were treated with THH (single i.p. injection) at doses of 120, 240 and 480 mg/kg. Colchicine (COL, 1.5 mg/kg i.p.) was used as a positive control. Bone marrow cells and epididymal sperm were collected 24 h and 22 days after treatment, respectively. Chromosome 8 aneuploidies induced by THH in bone marrow cells and sperm were determined by FISH with a biotin-16-dUTP labelled DNA probe corresponding to the centromeric region of chromosome 8. The hybridized probe was detected with avidin-FITC. The frequencies of trisomy 8 in bone marrow cells were 0.16% in the solvent control group, 0.39% in the COL-treated group and 0.33, 0.41 and 0.41% in the THH-treated groups, respectively. The frequencies of disomy 8 sperm were 0.11% in the solvent control group, 0.27% in the COL-treated group and 0.23, 0.27 and 0.27% in the THH-treated groups, respectively. The experiment showed that induced aneuploidy frequencies were higher in bone marrow cells than in sperm with COL and the two higher doses of THH (P < 0.05). All groups were significantly different from the corresponding solvent controls (P < 0.01-0.001), but there was no dose-related increase in either cell type. Considering the present results together with our previous studies, it appears that THH is a potent mammalian aneugen which may pose a genetic risk to human patients.  (+info)

British Library EThOS: An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological...British Library EThOS: An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological...
An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological assay for mamaalian gene mutation ...
http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535035
Forthcoming Article in Stem Cells - Human Embryonic Stem Cells Suffer from Centrosomal Amplification | Stem Cells PortalForthcoming Article in Stem Cells - Human Embryonic Stem Cells Suffer from Centrosomal Amplification | Stem Cells Portal
By Stuart P. Atkinson Current protocols for the differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESC) to clinically relevant cell types are woefully inefficient with many millions or tens of millions of ESC used for each differentiation, only to yield small proportions of the desired cell type. This entails large scale culture and amplification of ESC, often over a large period of
https://stemcellsportal.com/content/forthcoming-article-stem-cells-human-embryonic-stem-cells-suffer-centrosomal-amplification
The effect of coexposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and an aneugen on human lymphocytes, determined by the cytokinesis block...The effect of coexposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and an aneugen on human lymphocytes, determined by the cytokinesis block...
The effect of coexposure to 50 Hz magnetic fields and an aneugen on human lymphocytes, determined by the cytokinesis block micronucleus assay ...
https://repository.uantwerpen.be/link/irua/57697
Hesperadin | CAS#422513-13-1 | Aurora inhibitor | MedKoo BiosciencesHesperadin | CAS#422513-13-1 | Aurora inhibitor | MedKoo Biosciences
Hesperadin is an inhibitor of human Aurora B, which can prevent the phosphorylation of substrate with IC(50) of 40 nM. Growth of cultured bloodstream forms was also sensitive to Hesperadin (IC(50) of 50 nM). Hesperadin blocked nuclear division and cytokinesis but not other aspects of the cell cycle. Consequently, growth arrested cells accumulated multiple kinetoplasts, flagella and nucleoli, similar to the effects of RNAi-dependent knockdown of TbAUK1 in cultured bloodstream forms cells. Molecular models predicted high-affinity binding of Hesperadin to both conserved and novel sites in TbAUK1. Collectively, these data demonstrate that cell cycle progression is essential for infections with T. brucei and that parasite Aurora kinases can be targeted with small-molecule inhibitors..............
https://www.medkoo.com/products/4669
An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry | ProtocolAn Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry | Protocol
The in vitro micronucleus assay is a well-established method for evaluating genotoxicity and cytotoxicity but scoring the assay using...
https://www.jove.com/v/59324/an-automated-method-to-perform-vitro-micronucleus-assay-using
In Vivo Micronucleus Test | In Vitro Micronucleus Assay | GentronixIn Vivo Micronucleus Test | In Vitro Micronucleus Assay | Gentronix
Gentronix Offers A range Of Screening Options For The Assessment Of A Test Substance for In Vivo and In Vitro Micronucleus Tests And Assay
https://gentronix.co.uk/services/micronucleus-test/
Corner Computer Desk With Hutch Plans kitchen cabinet wine rack plans diy ideasplanpdffreeCorner Computer Desk With Hutch Plans kitchen cabinet wine rack plans diy ideasplanpdffree
corner computer desk with hutch plans : wood baby cradle plans Xiv Results Shop for desks and desk hutches to convey order and vogue to your home After building was make out I. L Shaped street corner data processor Desk tungsten Hutch Shaker Cherry 439.98. Sauder Orchard Hills heavy Corner 50 Shape woodwind Computer Desk in Oak corner computer desk with hutch plans. 369.98 Contrive 03 603 3 Piece Corner Desk Hutch Plan 03 602 Corner electronic computer Desk contrive Combo Price Available drive 2 bang-up woodworking plans for a corner computer desk with hutch plans. His a la mode influence is a letter rack with an envelope in I of the slotsThe envelope reads, To constitute opened in the effect of my deathIn his freshly book The Lost Carving: A Journey to the Heart of Esterly writes that carving may comprise profession for high operation obsessive compulsives. ...
http://planpdffree.de.vu/2014/03/10/corner-computer-desk-with-hutch-plans-randkey-diy-ideas/
Use of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia - Current ProtocolsUse of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia - Current Protocols
Primary cilia arise from the centrosomes of quiescent or post‐mitotic cells, and serve as sensory organelles that communicate mechanical and chemical stimuli from the environment to the interior of the cell
http://www.currentprotocols.com/WileyCDA/CPUnit/refId-tx0313.html
3 Ways to Clean a Rabbit Hutch - wikiHow3 Ways to Clean a Rabbit Hutch - wikiHow
How to Clean a Rabbit Hutch. Rabbits are relatively clean animals, but they still need to have their hutches cleaned on a regular basis. Do a quick clean of the hutch every day to remove old food and soiled bedding. The hutch should be...
https://www.wikihow.com/Clean-a-Rabbit-Hutch
How to build a Guinea Pig Hutch | BuildEazyHow to build a Guinea Pig Hutch | BuildEazy
 Introduction and Description Introduction This is an outside hutch where the guinea pig can spend the warmer months. In the summer an outside hutch is great, guinea pigs love to eat fresh grass. Come winter, this particular guinea pig is moved to a cage inside the house. This hutch…
https://www.buildeazy.com/guinea-pig-hutch/
How to build a Guinea Pig Hutch | BuildEazyHow to build a Guinea Pig Hutch | BuildEazy
 Introduction and Description Introduction This is an outside hutch where the guinea pig can spend the warmer months. In the summer an outside hutch is great, guinea pigs love to eat fresh grass. Come winter, this particular guinea pig is moved to a cage inside the house. This hutch…
https://www.buildeazy.com/guinea-pig-hutch/12/
What size hutch ?? [Archive] - Rabbits United ForumWhat size hutch ?? [Archive] - Rabbits United Forum
Hello everyone. Advise pls !!! How big should an external hutch be if its to house two medium sized rabbits? :?: I cant find a single pet shop that does hutches for two ! Ive read in a book that a good size is approx 180 mm wide x 90 mm High x 90 mm deep, but Im not sure if thats big enough. Neither myself or partner are very DIY minded so making one is not an option... although I guess I could find someone to make a hutch for me. I currently have one rabbit but hope to add
http://forums.rabbitrehome.org.uk/archive/index.php/t-46107.html?s=4df5c56bfcdfe4b04e7f26ba86d6880a
Direct differentiation of bone marrow mononucleated cells into insulin producing cells using pancreatic β-cell-derived...Direct differentiation of bone marrow mononucleated cells into insulin producing cells using pancreatic β-cell-derived...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Direct differentiation of bone marrow mononucleated cells into insulin producing cells using pancreatic β-cell-derived components. AU - Oh, Ju Eun. AU - Choi, Ok Kyung. AU - Park, Ho Seon. AU - Jung, Hye Seung. AU - Ryu, Su Jeong. AU - Lee, Yong Deok. AU - Lee, Seung Ah. AU - Chung, Sung Soo. AU - Choi, Eun Young. AU - Lee, Dong Sup. AU - Gho, Yong Song. AU - Lee, Hakmo. AU - Park, Kyong Soo. PY - 2019/3/29. Y1 - 2019/3/29. N2 - Transplantation of stem cell-derived insulin producing cells (IPCs) has been proposed as an alternative to islet transplantation for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, current IPC differentiation protocols are focused on generating functional cells from the pluripotent stem cells and tend to rely on multistep, long-term exposure to various exogenous factors. In this study, we addressed the observation that under stress, pancreatic β-cells release essential components that direct the differentiation of the bone marrow nucleated cells (BMNCs) ...
https://snucm.elsevierpure.com/en/publications/direct-differentiation-of-bone-marrow-mononucleated-cells-into-in
Fred Hutch aims to eliminate cancers caused by infectionsFred Hutch aims to eliminate cancers caused by infections
Fred Hutch is launching a new integrated research center to prevent and find cures for cancers caused by infectious agents. It will be led by Dr. Denise Galloway, a Fred Hutch microbiologist whose research paved the way for the HPV vaccine, which prevents cervical, throat and other cancers.
http://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/releases/2017/08/fred-hutch-aims-to-eliminate-cancers-caused-by-infections.html
Good News: $8.8 million NIH grant; Evergreen Fund to accelerate commercialization of research; Hutch United co-chair receives...Good News: $8.8 million NIH grant; Evergreen Fund to accelerate commercialization of research; Hutch United co-chair receives...
$8.8 million NIH grant to help expand study of colorectal cancer outcomes; new Evergreen Fund to accelerate commercialization of research; Hutch United co-chair Erin dela Cruz receives fellowhip from American Society for Microbiology; Marlins pitcher Dustin McGowan named winner of 52nd Hutch Award
http://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2016/12/good-news-evergreen-fund-commercialization-research.html
What to Use When Cleaning a Wooden Rabbit HutchWhat to Use When Cleaning a Wooden Rabbit Hutch
If your rabbits live in a wooden hutch, or in a hutch with wooden parts, you need to take care in cleaning it to ensure your rabbits environment is safe.
https://www.ehow.co.uk/way_5158085_use-cleaning-wooden-rabbit-hutch.html
Modifying Rabbit HutchModifying Rabbit Hutch
50 DIY Rabbit Hutch Plans to Get You Started Keeping RabbitsThis rabbit hutch is on legs which makes it that much more predator-proof. But it too has
https://bestfamilypets.com/modifying-rabbit-hutch/
Chicken Coops - Rabbit Hutches | ImprovementsChicken Coops - Rabbit Hutches | Improvements
Shop a variety of unique chicken coops and rabbit hutches at affordable prices. City chicken coops, apartment hutches, collapsible chicken coops, and more.
https://www.improvementscatalog.com/pet-supplies/chicken-coops-rabbit-hutches?storeId=11653&langId=-1&catalogId=11653
Rabbit Hutch KitsRabbit Hutch Kits
Rabbit Hutches - Walmart.comProduct Title Coziwow Rabbit Hutch Bunny House Wood Double-Tier Pet Cage with Flip-up Roof, Indoor & Outdoor Use Average
https://bestfamilypets.com/rabbit-hutch-kits/
Rabbit & Guinea Pig Hutches - UK Made Arched Pet Houses | Colour: PinkRabbit & Guinea Pig Hutches - UK Made Arched Pet Houses | Colour: Pink
Pet Houses & Rabbit Hutches. Curved Timber Rabbit Houses and Guinea Pig Hutches, unique Framebow designs. UK made to highest quality. | Colour: Pink
https://www.flytesofancy.co.uk/poultry-pet-houses/framebow-animal-housing/rabbit-guinea-pig-houses.html?color=5438
Rabbit & Guinea Pig Hutches at zooplusRabbit & Guinea Pig Hutches at zooplus
View our wide range of Hutches for rabbits, guinea pigs and other small pets. Hutches provide the necessary protection from the elements and predators.
https://www.zooplus.com/shop/rodents/rabbit_guineapig_hutches
Where to Position an Outdoor Guinea Pig Hutch | Loving Your PetWhere to Position an Outdoor Guinea Pig Hutch | Loving Your Pet
When deciding on where to place your outdoor guinea pig hutch you must make a few consideration. Follow our tips and advice on position your guinea pig hutch.
https://www.lovingyourpet.co.uk/guinea-pigs/where-to-put-an-outdoor-guinea-pig-hutch.php
Guinea Pig Hutches Runs | Free UK Delivery | PetPlanet.co.ukGuinea Pig Hutches Runs | Free UK Delivery | PetPlanet.co.uk
An excellent selection of Hutches to keep your Guinea Pig fit, healthy and safe from a range of top brands such as Rosewood, Hutch Company as well as our...
https://www.petplanet.co.uk/d1815/guinea_pig_hutches
Bush® Business Westfield Elite 60W x 30D C Leg Desk with Hutch and Storage, Mocha Cherry | StaplesBush® Business Westfield Elite 60W x 30D C Leg Desk with Hutch and Storage, Mocha Cherry | Staples
Shop Bush® Business Westfield Elite 60W x 30D C Leg Desk with Hutch and Storage, Mocha Cherry at Staples. Choose from our wide selection of Bush® Business Westfield Elite 60W x 30D C Leg Desk with Hutch and Storage, Mocha Cherry and get fast & free shipping on select orders.
https://www.staples.ca/en/Bush-Business-Westfield-Elite-60W-x-30D-C-Leg-Desk-with-Hutch/product_1672861_2-CA_1_20001
Shop Chicken Coops & Rabbit Hutches at Lowes.comShop Chicken Coops & Rabbit Hutches at Lowes.com
Shop chicken coops & rabbit hutches in the animal & pet care section of Lowes.com. Find quality chicken coops & rabbit hutches online or in store.
https://www.lowes.com/pl/Chicken-coops-rabbit-hutches-Animal-pet-care/4294610501?Ns=p_product_price%7C1
Bush® Business Westfield Elite 66W x 30D C-Leg Desk with Hutch, Hansen Cherry | StaplesBush® Business Westfield Elite 66W x 30D C-Leg Desk with Hutch, Hansen Cherry | Staples
Shop Bush® Business Westfield Elite 66W x 30D C-Leg Desk with Hutch, Hansen Cherry at Staples. Choose from our wide selection of Bush® Business Westfield Elite 66W x 30D C-Leg Desk with Hutch, Hansen Cherry and get fast & free shipping on select orders.
https://www.staples.ca/en/Bush-Business-Westfield-Elite-66W-x-30D-C-Leg-Desk-with-Hutch/product_1672757_2-CA_1_20001
hesperadin | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGYhesperadin | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
The IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology. hesperadin ligand page. Quantitative data and detailed annnotation of the targets of licensed and experimental drugs.
http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandDisplayForward?ligandId=8354
Frys Food Stores - Large Heavy Duty Rabbit Hutch, 1Frys Food Stores - Large Heavy Duty Rabbit Hutch, 1
Shop for Large Heavy Duty Rabbit Hutch at Frys Food Stores. Find quality products to add to your Shopping List or order online for Delivery or Pickup.
https://www.frysfood.com/p/large-heavy-duty-rabbit-hutch/0079161101550
Buy Playmobil Country Rabbit Pen With Hutch | John LewisBuy Playmobil Country Rabbit Pen With Hutch | John Lewis
Buy Playmobil Country Rabbit Pen With Hutch from our Construction Toys range at John Lewis. Free Delivery on orders over £50.
https://www.johnlewis.com/playmobil-country-rabbit-pen-with-hutch/p2555753
Eglu Hutch Metal Non Tip Feed Bowl | Guinea Pig AccessoriesEglu Hutch Metal Non Tip Feed Bowl | Guinea Pig Accessories
This bowl is specially designed to go with the Eglu Hutch and is ideal for rabbits and guinea pigs. Made from lightweight stainless steel the bowl is sturdy and...
https://www.omlet.us/shop/guinea_pig_products/guinea_pig_accessories/21630/eglu_hutch_metal_non_tip_feed_bowl/?rf=5f91a7e795d35157fc47241a37fd5286
Eglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch | Guinea Pig Products | OmletEglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch | Guinea Pig Products | Omlet
The Eglu Go Hutch is perfect for keeping rabbits and guinea pigs in the garden safely. The Eglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch and run is suitable for two to three guinea pigs, and the Rabbit hutch and run is ideal for two pet bunnies. The plastic rabbit and guinea pig house is easy to clean and insulated, making it perfect to use all year round and both come with fox-resistant run. See below to read about the Eglu Go Hutch.
https://www.omlet.us/shop/guinea_pig_products/eglu_go_guinea_pig_hutch
10 Tips on Caring for a Guinea Pig | Pet Health Information10 Tips on Caring for a Guinea Pig | Pet Health Information
Ideal housing for guinea pigs are hutches approximately 0.9 sq metre per adult guinea pig, although they need plenty of exercise outside their hutch. Hutches and runs should ideally be placed out of the sun and sheltered from the rain and ideally hutches should be raised off the ground. In the winter, the hutch will have to be moved into a garage or outhouse.. Straw or wood shavings are ideal for guinea pigs in outdoor hutches and wet bedding should be removed on a daily basis. Hutches should be completely stripped out and scrubbed, ideally once a week during the summer and more regularly during the winter when guinea pigs spend more time inside. In the winter its also advisable to put plenty of hay in the hutch for your guinea pig to burrow in. ...
http://www.pethealthinfo.org.uk/10-tips-on-caring-for-a-guinea-pig
Hesperadin | ≥99%(HPLC) | Selleck | Aurora Kinase inhibitor ...Hesperadin | ≥99%(HPLC) | Selleck | Aurora Kinase inhibitor ...
Hesperadin is a human Aurora B inhibitor with an IC50 of 40 nM for the prevention of the phosphorylation of substrate. Find all the information about Hesperadin for cell signaling research.
https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Hesperadin.html
Housing for Guinea Pigs - MasterpetHousing for Guinea Pigs - Masterpet
Guinea pigs really give so much to our lives, from their adorable popcorn jumps, to their cosy cuddles. The list goes on, which is why want to give em plenty of space for it all, at home. That said, guinea pigs arent really best for bedsit living. And although a small home or apartment would work fine, the three-bedroom-house-with-backyard situation is truly home-squeak-home, for these compact creatures. Ahhh… Hutch sweet hutch. Because big is best for your furry friend, its wise to move him into a hutch. A hutch is a cage divided into two connecting compartments. Just how big youll want it to be will depend on the number of guinea pigs you adopt: Number of guinea pigs Preferred size of hutch 1 1.0 sqm 2 1.0 sqm 3 1.2 sqm 4 | 1.2 sqm What makes a good hutch? Definitely a covered section that will make your cuddly companion feel safe and protected, while he sleeps. Your American Short Coats hutch should also be lined with soft grass or hay - but not straw, sawdust or wood shavings, gosh darn
http://masterpet.com/small-pets/guinea-pigs/housing-for-guinea-pigs/
ISO - ISO 17099:2014 - Radiological protection - Performance criteria for laboratories using the cytokinesis block micronucleus...ISO - ISO 17099:2014 - Radiological protection - Performance criteria for laboratories using the cytokinesis block micronucleus...
Radiological protection - Performance criteria for laboratories using the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes for biological dosimetry
https://committee.iso.org/standard/59141.html?browse=tc
Protocols and Video Articles Authored by Matthew A. RodriguesProtocols and Video Articles Authored by Matthew A. Rodrigues
Matthew A. Rodrigues is the author of this article in the Journal of Visualized Experiments: An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry
https://www.jove.com/author/Matthew++A._Rodrigues
Guidance for Flow Cytometry Data - Fred Hutch Biomedical Data Science WikiGuidance for Flow Cytometry Data - Fred Hutch Biomedical Data Science Wiki
This page provides guidance for Fred Hutch investigators generating or using flow cytometry data, and who may be using the Fred Hutch Flow Cytometry Shared Resource.
https://sciwiki.fredhutch.org/generation/datagen_flowcytometry/
Furniture / Desks / Credenza & Hutch Combos- Contemporary / COMBO02 KIT | Spellman Desk Co./Alpha PropsFurniture / Desks / Credenza & Hutch Combos- Contemporary / COMBO02 KIT | Spellman Desk Co./Alpha Props
Furniture / Desks / Credenza & Hutch Combos- Contemporary / COMBO02 KIT | ALPHA PROPS | Furniture / Desks / Credenza & Hutch Combos- Contemporary / COMBO02 KIT movie props and set dressing available at Alpha Medical Resources
https://alphaprops.com/index.php?/category/353
The Williams 5ft Single Rabbit/Guinea Pig Hutch - RabbitHutchesStore.co.ukThe Williams 5ft Single Rabbit/Guinea Pig Hutch - RabbitHutchesStore.co.uk
The leading Williams 5ft Single Rabbit/Guinea Pig Hutch store offering next day delivery on a huge range of rabbit hutches. All products come with a 12 month manufacturers warranty.
http://www.rabbithutchesstore.co.uk/single-storey-rabbit-hutches/132-the-williams-5ft-single-rabbit-guinea-pig-hutch.html
Guinea Pig Hutches, Guinea Pig Runs and Guinea Pig Tunnels | OmletGuinea Pig Hutches, Guinea Pig Runs and Guinea Pig Tunnels | Omlet
For a stylish and easy to clean home look no further than the Eglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch, while the Outdoor Guinea Pig Run is ideal for offering your pets even more space. Make your pet squeal with delight with the awesome Zippi Guinea Pig Tunnels - use them to connect a hutch to a run or to build a network of play tunnels. Omlet also has a great selection of Guinea Pig Toys, Guinea Pig Food and Guinea Pig Treats.
https://www.omlet.co.uk/shop/guinea_pig_products
Animal Housing, Chicken Hutches, Small Livestock Pens, Equine Sheds & More.Animal Housing, Chicken Hutches, Small Livestock Pens, Equine Sheds & More.
Chicken Hutches, Horse Sheds, Equine Sheds, Animal Hutches, Calf Nurseries & More. High Quality Premium Products At Great Prices.
http://www.globalindustrial.com/c/storage/kennels-dog-houses-barns/animal-housing?ref=h/catindex
Animal Housing, Chicken Hutches, Small Livestock Pens, Equine Sheds & More.Animal Housing, Chicken Hutches, Small Livestock Pens, Equine Sheds & More.
Chicken Hutches, Horse Sheds, Equine Sheds, Animal Hutches, Calf Nurseries & More. High Quality Premium Products At Great Prices.
http://www.globalindustrial.com/c/storage/kennels-dog-houses-barns/animal-housing?p=cPCSMGR1AR1D%23%23-1%23%23-1~~f1431%7C%7C3837333133~~f3381%7C%7C4e6f~~f3352%7C%7C4e6f~~nf5725%7C%7C3138
They display a characteristic ruffled border where proteases and - High Throughput Screening BlogThey display a characteristic ruffled border where proteases and - High Throughput Screening Blog
They display a characteristic ruffled border where proteases and acid are secreted, allowing for bone resorption and formation of resorption pits in the bone surface [25]. Osteoclast morphology varies between mammals and teleosts (bony fishes), and also between different groups of teleosts [20]. In the skeleton of young zebrafish for example, osteoclast activity is carried out by both mononucleated and multinucleated cells [26]. In fact, there is an ontogenetic progression from mono- towards multinucleated osteoclasts. In juvenile zebrafish, bone resorbing cells in the developing lower jaw are. at first mononucleated. In thin skeletal tissues such as the neural arch, mononucleated cells are even predominant in adults [26]. In rainbow trout, scale resorption Selleck BIBF1120 PD0325901 is predominantly carried out by mononucleated osteoclasts [27]. Although in mammals these mononucleated cells are often just regarded as osteoclast precursors, in fish mononucleated osteoclasts are active bone ...
http://htsblog.com/they-display-a-characteristic-ruffled-border-where-proteases-and/
Eglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch | Plastic House for Guinea PigsEglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch | Plastic House for Guinea Pigs
Eglu Go Guinea Pig Hutch is available with two lengths of secure run to keep pets safe from predators. An easy to clean guinea pig house.
https://www.omlet.co.uk/shop/guinea_pig_products/eglu_go_guinea_pig_hutch/
HUTCHES~Chicken/Quail/Rabbit~Handmade in North Carolina | BackYard ChickensHUTCHES~Chicken/Quail/Rabbit~Handmade in North Carolina | BackYard Chickens
These are very nice constructed hutches that can be used for chickens, quails, rabbits and more. Measures 3 long, 2 wide and 2-1/2 tall at highest...
https://www.backyardchickens.com/threads/hutches-chicken-quail-rabbit-handmade-in-north-carolina.592785/
BlueRidgePetCenter: March 2015BlueRidgePetCenter: March 2015
Most pet rabbits that are housed outdoors are housed in a hutch. A rabbit hutch is typically a raised, fully enclosed structure constructed for outdoor use. When outfitted correctly, a hutch can offer protection from predators, as well as shelter from the sun and rain. Many hutches have a wire-grate floor to allow feces and urine to fall through to a metal catch-pan below. While this design makes cleaning up easier and keeps your rabbit from having direct contact with his bodily waste, the wire can irritate a rabbits feet to the point of open sores if the rabbit has nothing solid to stand on or rest against. A mat, rug, wide flat piece of wood or other surface that allows your rabbit to step off of wire flooring is a necessity. Whats more, many rabbits like to snuggle up against something soft like a blanket or rug, which should be laundered regularly, especially if it is exposed to the elements. ...
http://blueridgemarketing.blogspot.com/2015_03_01_archive.html
August, 2017 | Get Rich AdviceAugust, 2017 | Get Rich Advice
There are basically two types of rabbit hutches: the wooden type and the cage type. It is up to your preferences to choose between the two types as each has its own advantages and disadvantages. However, an all-wire rabbit hutch with a wooden frame is best. This type is usually easy to maintain and clean especially with a sliding pan underneath to catch dirt and debris. Besides, wooden hutches absorb rabbit urine, which have very strong odors coming from accumulated ammonia. This, in turn, is very harmful for the rabbits health.. When it comes to sliding pans, be sure to use only straw, aspen style wood shavings, or litter made from recycled paper. Pine and red cedar bedding, as well as cat litter, can cause health problems with your pet. If you opt for a wire hutch, make sure you buy appropriate materials for the floor to prevent injury to your rabbits tender feet. Your choice of materials includes cardboard, plywood, and grass mats, which should be cleaned every day. Its important to keep ...
http://getrichadvice.net/2017/08/
Bush® Syndicate - Harvest Cherry; Lateral File Hutch, FA | Quill.comBush® Syndicate - Harvest Cherry; Lateral File Hutch, FA | Quill.com
See pricing info, deals and product reviews for Bush Business Syndicate 30W Lateral File Hutch, Harvest Cherry at Quill.com. Order online today and get fast, free shipping for your business.
https://www.quill.com/bush-syndicate-collection-in-harvest-cherry-fully/cbs/216806.html?Effort_Code=901&Find_Number=6355CSFA&promoCode=400040020
Hutch Collapsible Silicone Mixing Bowl Black - RümiHutch Collapsible Silicone Mixing Bowl Black - Rümi
This handy bowl from Hutch is perfect for the space-conscious cook who appreciates innovative design and style. Made with heat-resistant silicone, the collapsible bowl is fitted with a stainless steel rim and handles and is great for prepping and serving salads, pasta, and desserts. Folds down to only 4 cm/1.5
https://shop.rumi.ca/collections/hutch-international-inc/products/hutch-collapsible-silicone-mixing-bowl-black
cage questions regarding hutch type cage [Archive] - Guinea Pig Cages, Care, Photos, News, Forum and Blogscage questions regarding hutch type cage [Archive] - Guinea Pig Cages, Care, Photos, News, Forum and Blogs
As of this Sunday our family will be re-homing two guinea pigs who can no longer remain with their current family as a result of a childs severe allergies. They are two unneutered males who have been housed together for possibly several months and appear to enjoy each others company (from an e-mail description of the guinea pigs). With the guinea pigs comes the cage and many accessories. The cage is described as being a rabbit hutch with plenty of room. (A NOTE -- our family is going
https://www.guineapigcages.com/forum/archive/index.php/t-763.html?s=ba3082791c8029d4e3ec6718bba6c626
Luxury rabbit/guinea pig play enclosure | Rabbit Hutch WorldLuxury rabbit/guinea pig play enclosure | Rabbit Hutch World
Copyright 2016 - 2020 Pet Store 365, Trading as Rabbit Hutch World , All Rights Reserved , Articles Design & Developed by ORA Infotech ...
https://rabbithutchworld.co.uk/product-tag/luxury-rabbit-guinea-pig-play-enclosure/
i.Pet Rust Proof Pet Hutch for Rabbits, Chicken, Guinea Pigsi.Pet Rust Proof Pet Hutch for Rabbits, Chicken, Guinea Pigs
Featuring a fir wood construction, our i.Pet Pet Hutch is the perfect home for your little pets. It incorporates two living areas ¨C one cosy bedroom on the upper level and a spacious play area on the ground level. The three doors provide easy access and cleaning to the living areas and are equipped with strong and fir
https://ipet-au.com/products/i-pet-rabbit-hutch-hutches-large-metal-run-wooden-cage-chicken-coop-guinea-pig
Hollow Hutch | Camposcommunications BlogHollow Hutch | Camposcommunications Blog
Commentary definitely underestimated the hurt Guv Dude put on Hutch this past March. She is not thinking clearly. I dont think she knows she only has two years left in the U.S. Senate. The Texas Tea Party bunch have declared war on her and said their number one goal in the Lone Star State in…
https://camposcommunications.wordpress.com/2010/12/08/hollow-hutch/
Items where Subject is Cell Types | Blood and Immune Cells | B-Lymphocytes - authors@Fred HutchItems where Subject is Cell Types | Blood and Immune Cells | B-Lymphocytes - [email protected] Hutch
Iritani, B M and Eisenman, R N (1999) c-Myc enhances protein synthesis and cell size during B lymphocyte development. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 96 (23). pp. 13180-13185. ISSN 0027-8424 ...
http://authors.fhcrc.org/view/subjects/101007080445.html
Fred Hutchs Paulovich lab to lead protein assay work for Beau Biden Cancer Moonshot | EurekAlert! Science NewsFred Hutchs Paulovich lab to lead protein assay work for Beau Biden Cancer Moonshot | EurekAlert! Science News
Paulovichs lab will develop a customized panel of MRM (multiple reaction monitoring)-based assays and deploy these assays to quantify tumor proteins in clinical samples from patients receiving treatment. Other collaborators in the Moonshot project will decide on treatments, track how well the treatments shrink the tumors, and then search for correlations that show whether the tumors protein makeup related to how well the patients responded to treatment.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2017-02/fhcr-fhp020317.php
Name game | Cat Foreheads & Rabbit HutchesName game | Cat Foreheads & Rabbit Hutches
Eight of Japans biggest real estate companies have joined forces to run a website called Major 7 (why 7 and not 8 I have no idea), which features articles about condominiums. Last summer the group conducted its annual survey to find which urban location is the one where people would most like to buy a…
https://catforehead.com/2010/10/02/name-game/
So far, so near | Cat Foreheads & Rabbit HutchesSo far, so near | Cat Foreheads & Rabbit Hutches
A survey by the real estate data company At Home conducted last November found that among commuters who worked in central Tokyo, the average time spent traveling one-way to their jobs was about one hour. The ideal amount of time that people cited for commuting was 34 minutes. The average response to the question, At…
https://catforehead.com/2010/04/25/so-far-so-near/
Urgent From PETA: Flood Survival Tips for Animals | PETAUrgent From PETA: Flood Survival Tips for Animals | PETA
As flooding threatens your area, animals could die if left behind during evacuations. Never leave animals outdoors, tied up, crated, caged, in hutches, or As flooding threatens your area, animals could die if left behind during evacuations.Never leave animals outdoors, tied up, crated, caged, in hutches, or confined in any way, as they will be unable to flee rising waters. Anyone who sees animals in distress and is unable to help should note their locations and alert authorities immediately.
https://www.peta.org/media/news-releases/urgent-from-peta-flood-survival-tips-for-animals-15/
How Long Do Parakeets Live as Pets? Age Calculator | Aging Signs | Hutch and CageHow Long Do Parakeets Live as Pets? Age Calculator | Aging Signs | Hutch and Cage
Like always, theres no one definitive answer to how long do parakeets live as pets. The answer varies depending on the species.
https://hutchandcage.com/long-parakeets-live-pets/
Calves with SamCalves with Sam
With my own calves I bled all the calves. And, for BSTP values less than 5.0 I always marked both the calf and her hutch. A tail crayon marker on her forehead and red clip-on cow tag at the front of her individual hutch. That reminded me and everyone else that provided care that she was very vulnerable to clinical infections ...
http://dairycalfcare.blogspot.com/2013/02/a-calf-with-low-i-mmunity-here-is.html
Confining or housing > Often portable, small capacity, roofed housing structure (e.g., coop, hutch, kennel, etc.) >...Confining or housing > Often portable, small capacity, roofed housing structure (e.g., coop, hutch, kennel, etc.) >...
Description: Subject matter wherein the enclosure is of a size and weight to be ordinarily transported by a person either with the use of manually gripped handles or by torso wrapped strap means ...
http://www.patentgenius.com/class/119/497.html
Huntington Rabbit Hutch | Improvements CatalogHuntington Rabbit Hutch | Improvements Catalog
Give your bunny a clean and safe place to live with this bunny hut. This rabbit cage has everything a rabbit needs, including an enclosed burrowing area.
https://www.improvementscatalog.com/huntington-rabbit-hutch/409258
Apsley 24.5 Table Lamp (Set Of 2) by Willa Arlo Interiors Find on| TV Stands with HutchApsley 24.5 Table Lamp (Set Of 2) by Willa Arlo Interiors Find on| TV Stands with Hutch
Apsley 24.5 Table Lamp (Set Of 2) Sale For Apsley 24.5 Table Lamp (Set Of 2) at Tuesday-November-12-2019Product Type: StandardBase Material: CrystalOverall: 24.5 H x 14 W x 14 DNumber of Lights: 1Bulb Included: Yes Long gets the doom of sitting been forecasted. Published papers aplenty possess argued that a stationary life is shorter and trouble-ridden, and the principal workarounds are many - standing tables, frequent breaks, stretching, taking walks etc. But none address the easy fact that, in some cases, to get shit completed, we should just plant ourselves in a chair and get after it.
http://kent.estar.se/item-1qy783/5d05b81c9ce97/apsley+24+5+table+lamp++set+of+2+-5d5e8a9f284a1-3b97eed6260e8045ba0f0c7b7622e85a/lampsets.pdf
Somerzby Manor Large Guinea Pig Hutch and Run PackageSomerzby Manor Large Guinea Pig Hutch and Run Package
This new updated model can comfortably house many guinea pigs and features a large front opening for easy access and cleaning. The large Run is snake and mouse proof and features galvanised mesh wire. This run can be used on its own or attached to the Manor.
https://www.somerzby.com.au/index.php/somerzby-manor-large-guinea-pig-hutch-and-run-package/
Plus itPlus it
During the last third of gestation, fetal sheep underwent exponential growth of heart and body (Fig. 2). LV-to-heart mass ratio did not change with advancing gestational age, but that of the RV to heart increased slightly during the same period (Table 1 and Fig. 3).. Lengths and widths of myocytes from the fetal ventricles over the last third of gestation are shown in Fig. 4. The lengths of binucleated myocytes from both ventricles and the lengths of RV mononucleated myocytes did not increase significantly with gestational age (Table 1). LV mononucleated myocytes significantly increased in length but only slightly. Binucleated and mononucleated myocytes from both ventricular free walls increased in width during this period. Accordingly, the ratio of lengths to widths decreased with advancing age in mononucleated and binucleated myocytes of both ventricles (Table 1).. Myocyte volumes, calculated from myocyte dimensions and a correction factor, increased with advancing gestational age (Fig. 5). ...
http://jap.physiology.org/content/102/3/1130
rabbit leash/harness? | RabbitsOnlinerabbit leash/harness? | RabbitsOnline
hi everyone! my bun is an outside rabbit and I really want to make sure hes getting enough exercise. he has a hutch and run. I was thinking about...
https://www.rabbitsonline.net/threads/rabbit-leash-harness.96284/
Sleepless in Seattle - Townhouses for Rent in Seattle, Washington, United StatesSleepless in Seattle - Townhouses for Rent in Seattle, Washington, United States
Dec 12, 2017 - Private room for $85. This is Eastlake, the most accessible neighborhood in Seattle- just off I-5 and 520 exits. Close to Amazon, UW, F. Hutch. Homey neighborhood which ...
https://www.airbnb.com/rooms/13591919
ClastogenClastogen
Vanhauwaert, A. (2001-01-01). "The in vivo gut micronucleus test detects clastogens and aneugens given by gavage". Mutagenesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clastogen
List of MeSH codes (D27)List of MeSH codes (D27)
... aneugens MeSH D27.888.569.504 - neurotoxins MeSH D27.888.569.540 - oxidants MeSH D27.888.569.540.631 - oxidants, photochemical ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D27)
The ability of the mouse lymphoma TK assay to detect aneugens.The ability of the mouse lymphoma TK assay to detect aneugens.
... can detect aneugens, and this is accepted in the current International Conference on Harmonisation guidance for testing ... Consequently, aneugens with diverse mechanisms of action were tested in the MLA using 24-h exposure. No evidence of increased ... There is some evidence that the mouse lymphoma TK assay (MLA) can detect aneugens, and this is accepted in the current ... In conclusion, it appears that the TFT-resistant mutants resulting from treatment with toxic concentrations of some aneugens ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/ability-mouse-lymphoma-TK-assay/21775299.html
Use of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia - Current ProtocolsUse of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia - Current Protocols
Use of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia. Kathyayini V. Divi1, Yvona Ward2, Miriam C. Poirier1, Ofelia ... Cilium formation may, therefore, become a useful end point signaling exposure to genotoxins or aneugens. Here we have used the ... Since cilia are derived from centrosomes, and aneugens can induce centrosomal amplification, the production of multiple cilia ...
http://www.currentprotocols.com/WileyCDA/CPUnit/refId-tx0313.html?quicktabs_cp=materials
British Library EThOS: An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological...British Library EThOS: An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological...
An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological assay for mamaalian gene ...
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.535035
Messages for Increasing Dairy ConsumptionMessages for Increasing Dairy Consumption
Aneugens. Agents which affect CELL DIVISION and the MITOTIC SPINDLE APPARATUS resulting in the loss or gain of whole ...
https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/trial/146742/Messages-for-Increasing-Dairy-Consumption.html
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full ViewNIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
Selected Studies on the Toxicity of Thimerosal Published in Peer Reviewed Scientific and Medical JournalsSelected Studies on the Toxicity of Thimerosal Published in Peer Reviewed Scientific and Medical Journals
Synopsis of the in vivo results obtained with the 10 known or suspected aneugens tested in the CEC collaborative study. Adler ( ... An overview of the results of testing of known or suspected aneugens using mammalian cells in vivo. Natarajan (1993).Mutat. Res ... The cytochalasin-B micronucleus/kinetochore assay in vitro.: studies with 10 suspected aneugens. Lynch and Parry (1993). Mutat ... detection of mitotic aneuploidy using 10 known or suspected aneugens. Warr et al., (1993). Mutat. Res. 287:29-46. (7683382) ...
http://www.whale.to/vaccine/thim.html
Ward Y[au] - PubMed - NCBIWard Y[au] - PubMed - NCBI
Use of Ciliogenesis to Detect Aneugens: The Role of Primary Cilia.. Divi KV, Ward Y, Poirier MC, Olivero OA. ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Ward+Y%5Bau%5D&dispmax=50
Formaldehyde - Registration Dossier - ECHAFormaldehyde - Registration Dossier - ECHA
... probe of A 549 cells or when studying aneuploidy in V79 cells in comparison with standard clastogens or aneugens. Finally also ...
https://echa.europa.eu/lv/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/15858/7/7/1
Clastogen - WikipediaClastogen - Wikipedia
Vanhauwaert, A. (2001-01-01). "The in vivo gut micronucleus test detects clastogens and aneugens given by gavage". Mutagenesis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clastogen
A new assay for measuring chromosome instability (CIN) and identification of drugs that elevate CIN in cancer cells | BMC...A new assay for measuring chromosome instability (CIN) and identification of drugs that elevate CIN in cancer cells | BMC...
Effect of aneugens and clastogens on the rate of HAC mis-segregation during mitotic divisions. We next investigated whether the ... In this study, the HAC-based CIN assay has been verified using a set of well-known aneugens and clastogens. This new assay has ... Moreover, we found that aneugens with proposed similar mechanisms of action and cytotoxicity may greatly differ from each other ... HT1080 cells with an autonomously propagated EGFP-HAC were treated with eight known aneugens: taxol (pacilitaxel), docetaxel, ...
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2407-13-252
An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry | ProtocolAn Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry | Protocol
3. Exposure of cells to clastogens and/or aneugens. *Add 1 mL of desired chemical (e.g. Mitomycin C) to 9 mL of cells at ~7- ... The protocol outlines all steps required to expose TK6 cells to clastogens and aneugens, describes how to culture, process and ... Prepare appropriate stock concentrations of desired clastogens and aneugens. For example, for Mitomycin C, dissolve a full 2 mg ... 2. Preparation of clastogens and/or aneugens and Cytochalasin B. * ...
https://www.jove.com/video/59324/an-automated-method-to-perform-vitro-micronucleus-assay-using
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Comparative In Vitro Toxicity Profile of Electronic and Tobacco Cigarettes, Smokeless Tobacco and...IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Comparative In Vitro Toxicity Profile of Electronic and Tobacco Cigarettes, Smokeless Tobacco and...
Rosefort, C.; Fauth, E.; Zankl, H. Micronuclei induced by aneugens and clastogens in mononucleate and binucleate cells using ...
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/11/11/11325/htm
IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Effect of Butachlor on Antioxidant Enzyme Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Fresh Water African...IJERPH | Free Full-Text | Effect of Butachlor on Antioxidant Enzyme Status and Lipid Peroxidation in Fresh Water African...
An overview of the results of testing of known or suspected aneugens using mammalian cells in vitro. Mutat Res 1993, 287, 113-8 ...
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/5/5/423/htm
Withania somnifera Improves Semen Quality in Stress-Related Male FertilityWithania somnifera Improves Semen Quality in Stress-Related Male Fertility
... aneugens or carcinogens, directly affecting male and female gametes and embryos. Additionally, there is a correlation between ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2011/576962/
A mixture of:... - Registration Dossier - ECHAA mixture of:... - Registration Dossier - ECHA
... aneugens). These effects are manifested by the formation of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) from bone marrow ...
https://echa.europa.eu/sv/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/8802/7/7/1
Jerome ROSEJerome ROSE
Detection of environmental clastogens and aneugens in human fibroblasts by cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay associated ...
https://www.cerege.fr/fr/users/jerome-rose
EP1180675A3 - A method and a system for determination of particles in a liquid sample - Google PatentsEP1180675A3 - A method and a system for determination of particles in a liquid sample - Google Patents
The mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay can be used to distinguish aneugens from clastogens. ...
https://patents.google.com/patent/EP1180675A3/en
Análises citológicas do inseticida Deltametrina usando o Teste de Micronúcleo | Revista da BiologiaAnálises citológicas do inseticida Deltametrina usando o Teste de Micronúcleo | Revista da Biologia
The micronucleus test (MN) is a widely used in vivo screening test to detect clastogens and aneugens. In the present work, the ...
http://www.ib.usp.br/revista/node/236
Investors See Big Money In Infertility, And They re Transforming The IndustryInvestors See Big Money In Infertility, And They 're Transforming The Industry
part ii of the report of the 2017 iwgt workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases ... a workgroup of experts reviewed and assessed the risk of aneugens for human health. The present manuscript is one of three ...
https://medworm.com/460254521/investors-see-big-money-in-infertility-and-they-re-transforming-the-industry/
Male infertility could be linked to noisy bedrooms, study suggestsMale infertility could be linked to noisy bedrooms, study suggests
part ii of the report of the 2017 iwgt workgroup on assessing the risk of aneugens for carcinogenesis and hereditary diseases ... a workgroup of experts reviewed and assessed the risk of aneugens for human health. The present manuscript is one of three ...
https://medworm.com/366042616/male-infertility-could-be-linked-to-noisy-bedrooms-study-suggests/
In Vitro Toxicology Screening ServicesIn Vitro Toxicology Screening Services
... clastogens and aneugens. Applying techniques such as flow cytometry allows for multiparametric analysis of compound effects ...
https://www.intertek.com/pharmaceutical/biopharmaceuticals/invitro-toxicology-screening/
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, ethyl anthranilate, CAS registry number 87-25-2. - Semantic ScholarRIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, ethyl anthranilate, CAS registry number 87-25-2. - Semantic Scholar
The involvement of WT1 in the regulation of GADD45a in response to genotoxic stressThe involvement of WT1 in the regulation of GADD45a in response to genotoxic stress
Expression of the human GADD45a gene is increased in TK6 cells exposed to mutagens, clastogens and aneugens. It is known to be ...
https://insights.ovid.com/muta/201307000/00005821-201307000-00003
Rapid LC/MS/MS-Based Methods For Opiates & BenzodiazepinesRapid LC/MS/MS-Based Methods For Opiates & Benzodiazepines
... allows for the determination of both genotoxicity and cytotoxicity following treatment with known clastogens and aneugens. This ...
https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/1238/28345
Late Stage Functionalization of Drug-Like Molecules Session 2Late Stage Functionalization of Drug-Like Molecules Session 2
... allows for the determination of both genotoxicity and cytotoxicity following treatment with known clastogens and aneugens. This ...
https://www.brighttalk.com/webcast/1238/143587
Registration Dossier - ECHARegistration Dossier - ECHA
... which detects both potential aneugens and clastogens. A GLP micronucleus test performed according to OECD guideline 487 with ...
https://www.echa.europa.eu/web/guest/registration-dossier/-/registered-dossier/16056/7/7/1
in vitro Services | Environmental XPRTin vitro Services | Environmental XPRT
... and is used to detect in vitro clastogens and aneugens. In this regard it complements the Ames test well, as between the two ...
https://www.environmental-expert.com/services/keyword-in-vitro-33203
Etiology of Down Syndrome: Risk of Advanced Maternal Age and Altered Meiotic Recombination for Chromosome 21 Nondisjunction |...Etiology of Down Syndrome: Risk of Advanced Maternal Age and Altered Meiotic Recombination for Chromosome 21 Nondisjunction |...
As environmental aneugens have great opportunity to become accumulated within the ovarian microenvironment during protracted ...
https://www.intechopen.com/books/genetics-and-etiology-of-down-syndrome/etiology-of-down-syndrome-risk-of-advanced-maternal-age-and-altered-meiotic-recombination-for-chromo
Single-Cell Based Quantitative Assay of Chromosome Transmission Fidelity | G3: Genes | Genomes | GeneticsSingle-Cell Based Quantitative Assay of Chromosome Transmission Fidelity | G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
One potential industrial application of qCTF assay is for identification of aneugens, chemicals that trigger CIN and produce ...
http://www.g3journal.org/content/5/6/1043.full
A novel genotoxin-specific qPCR array based on the metabolically competent human HepaRG™ cell line as a rapid and reliable tool...A novel genotoxin-specific qPCR array based on the metabolically competent human HepaRG™ cell line as a rapid and reliable tool...
... and aneugens. J Biomol Screen 17:1302-1315. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087057112453312 CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00204-018-2172-5
Clastogens and aneugensMutagensDetectAssayEndpointsChromosome segregationTaxolChromosomesAssaysMechanisticCompoundsHuman healthPresentSpecificCellChemical
Clastogens and aneugens9
  • The micronucleus test (MN) is a widely used in vivo screening test to detect clastogens and aneugens. (usp.br)
  • Development of a high-throughput Gaussia luciferase reporter assay for the activation of the GADD45a gene by mutagens, promutagens, clastogens, and aneugens. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Expression of the human GADD45a gene is increased in TK6 cells exposed to mutagens, clastogens and aneugens. (ovid.com)
  • The in vitro micronucleus test (MNT) is a main-stay of most regulatory genotoxicity testing strategies, and is used to detect in vitro clastogens and aneugens. (environmental-expert.com)
  • Genotoxicity defines the potential of a chemical to damage DNA, and such DNA-damaging agents are differentiated into three classes: mutagens, clastogens, and aneugens. (springer.com)
  • They allow for identification of DNA lesions resulting from mutagens, clastogens, and aneugens and are composed of human primary cells which eliminate the species barrier and, at the same time, resemble human skin in terms of bioavailability of a dermally exposed substance as well as in terms of an organ- and species-specific xenobiotic metabolism. (springer.com)
  • A data analysis template created specifically for this application allows for the determination of both genotoxicity and cytotoxicity following treatment with known clastogens and aneugens. (merckmillipore.com)
  • However, when a test compound showed no cytotoxicity, it was fixed to 500 μg/ml for clastogens and aneugens and to 2000 μg/ml for non-mutagens. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The model for λgt10-lacZ transgene organisation, and the PCR-based methods for assessing copy number, integrity and rearrangements, potentially extends the use of Muta™Mouse construct for direct, genomic-type assays that detect the effects of clastogens and aneugens, without depending on an E.coli host, for reporting effects. (nih.gov)
Mutagens2
  • The presentations clearly demonstrated the existence of thresholds for DNA damaging mutagens as well as aneugens, thus changing the paradigm that "one molecule is sufficient to cause cancer' even for classes of genotoxins (such as alkylating agents) for which linear dose response relations have been considered to be the norm. (ecetoc.org)
  • The tested compounds included 14 clastogens, 4 aneugens, and 12 non-mutagens (Table 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Detect5
  • The ability of the mouse lymphoma TK assay to detect aneugens. (biomedsearch.com)
  • There is some evidence that the mouse lymphoma TK assay (MLA) can detect aneugens, and this is accepted in the current International Conference on Harmonisation guidance for testing pharmaceuticals. (biomedsearch.com)
  • However, these data show that the MLA cannot be used as a routine screen to detect aneugens. (biomedsearch.com)
  • The Microplate in vitro Micronucleus test (Micro MN) is a method to detect aneugens and clastogens. (nucro-technics.com)
  • Another in vitro assay chromosome aberration assay also provides the same performance and limitations as MLA (Kirkland et al 2005) however MLA offers advantages such as simplicity less time consuming and able to detect some aneugens (Lorge et al 2007). (wheretobuykratombulk.com)
Assay5
  • Frequently, aneugens are detected using the in vitro micronucleus assay (IVM), with either centromere or kinetochore labeling. (bvsalud.org)
  • To investigate whether chromosome distribution analysis, specifically of nondisjunction, using chromosome-specific centromeric probes provides a more sensitive assay for aneugen detection, six reference aneugens with differing modes of action were tested on human lymphoblastoid TK6 cells. (bvsalud.org)
  • Aneugens can be detected using the micronucleus assay [OECD, 2016c,d], but these methods are not specific to aneugens. (aopwiki.org)
  • It should be noted that although the micronucleus assay is confirmatory when the Salmonella assay indicates the potential for mutagenicity, the micronucleus assay response can also be elicited by nongenotoxicants such as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and of microtubular integrity, as well as by aneugens (59,60). (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Although an option in the international guidelines for genotoxicity testing, in general, this assay is beginning to be superceded by the in vitro micronucleus test, which has the advantage of detecting aneugens as well as clastogens more easily ( Lynch and Parry, 1993). (smadsignaling.com)
Endpoints2
  • The combination of differential activation of these endpoints is a unique and very powerful means to separate clastogens from aneugens, as well as to identify potential tubulin poisons and cell cycle kinase inhibitors. (toxys.com)
  • 1996]. Recently, flow cytometry approaches have been developed that are using multiple endpoints to discriminate aneugens from other classes of chemicals [Bryce et al. (aopwiki.org)
Chromosome segregation1
  • Micronucleus induction is a key characteristic of genotoxic compounds and analysis of micronuclei formation resulting from DNA strand breakage (clastogens) or interference with chromosome segregation (aneugens) is an important component of toxicology screening of new drug candidates. (bio-medicine.org)
Taxol1
  • In conclusion, it appears that the TFT-resistant mutants resulting from treatment with toxic concentrations of some aneugens such as taxol and carbendazim have undergone complex genetic changes. (biomedsearch.com)
Chromosomes1
  • Increases in micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells are indicative of either chromosome breaks (clastogens), or abnormal segregation of chromosomes during mitosis (aneugens). (gentronix.co.uk)
Assays1
  • The biological relevance of these effects has led to the development of assays specifically detecting aneugens. (uab.cat)
Mechanistic1
  • In their June 2020 Editor's Choice article, "Image analysis of mechanistic protein biomarkers for the characterization of genotoxicants: Aneugens, clastogens, and reactive oxygen species inducers" Wilde et al. (emgs-us.org)
Compounds3
  • Thus, we measured NS for 14 compounds (clastogens) that are known to induce structural CAs, 4 aneugens, and 12 non-mutagenes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The differentiation between aneugens and clastogens is important in the hazard assessment of our pharmaceutical compounds. (toxys.com)
  • The screening process uses flow cytometry to quickly and efficiently screen for clastogens, aneugens and non-genotoxicants (CAN) in pharmaceutical compounds, agricultural chemicals, flavors, fragrances and consumer products. (emdgroup.com)
Human health1
  • In view of the tendency to have children at advanced maternal ages it appears relevant to pursue studies on consequences of ageing on the susceptibility of human oocytes to the induction of meiotic error by aneugens and establish models to assess risks to human health by environmental exposures. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Present1
  • High concentrations of these aneugens induced LOH at all loci examined indicating only one chromosome 11 was present but, perhaps surprisingly, all were found to have two copies of chromosome 11 using FISH. (biomedsearch.com)
Specific1
  • The SAC has been identified in spermatogenesis and oogenesis, but gender-differences may contribute to sex-specific differential responses to aneugens. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Cell2
  • For cell exposure to clastogens and/or aneugens, add one millimeter of the chemical of interest to seven to eight times 10 to the fifth of the experimental cells in nine milliliters of the appropriate cell culture medium in a T25 flask and one milliliter of water to the control cultures. (jove.com)
  • Aneugens and clastogens can be detected by analyzing the frequency of microneuclei in cells that have undergone cell mitosis during or after exposure to the test chemical. (creative-bioarray.com)
Chemical1
  • A primary aim of the project was to develop and validate suitable in vitro protocols for the detection and assessment of potential chemical aneugens, including chemicals that may be present in the workplace. (hse.gov.uk)
Formaldehyde - Registration Dossier - ECHA
Formaldehyde - Registration Dossier - ECHA (echa.europa.eu)
A new assay for measuring chromosome instability (CIN) and identification of drugs that elevate CIN in cancer cells | BMC...
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An Automated Method to Perform The In Vitro Micronucleus Assay using Multispectral Imaging Flow Cytometry | Protocol
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Jerome ROSE
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British Library EThOS: An investigation into the effects of aneugens in the mouse lymphoma assay - a genetic toxicological...
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Investors See Big Money In Infertility, And They 're Transforming The Industry
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Interplay of Acetyltransferase EP300 and the Proteasome System in Regulat-Sess.2
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Single-Cell Based Quantitative Assay of Chromosome Transmission Fidelity | G3: Genes | Genomes | Genetics
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A novel genotoxin-specific qPCR array based on the metabolically competent human HepaRG™ cell line as a rapid and reliable tool...
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Alpha Tubulin Antibody (DM1A) (NB100-690): Novus Biologicals
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Overview on Current Status | Springer for Research & Development
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A critical analysis of the biological impacts of plasticizers on wildlife | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:...
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Aneuploidy: a common and early evidence-based biomarker for carcinogens and reproductive toxicants | Environmental Health |...
Aneuploidy: a common and early evidence-based biomarker for carcinogens and reproductive toxicants | Environmental Health |... (ehjournal.biomedcentral.com)
ToxTracker ACE - Toxys
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Cell Analysis - Webinars | Support | Merck
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Mutagens | REACH
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In Vivo Micronucleus Test | In Vitro Micronucleus Assay | Gentronix
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Structural chromosome aberrations cause swelling of the nucleus | Genes and Environment | Full Text
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Schematic diagrams illustrating in vivo rearrangements | Open-i
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Genetic Toxicology Screening Tests<...
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Home - Toxys
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CELL SEARCH SYSTEM -CELL BANK- (RIKEN BRC) [RCB0285 : CHO-K1]
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2017-10-18 MilliporeSigma Launches First Commercial Service to Predict Multiple Sources of
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Protocols and Video Articles Authored by Kayla M. Fellows (Translated to Dutch)
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Genotoxicity | HCS-pharma
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