Anesthesia epidural. Medical search

Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.

A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.

A blocking of nerve conduction to a specific area by an injection of an anesthetic agent.

Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected into the epidural space.

Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected directly into the spinal cord.

Anesthesia caused by the breathing of anesthetic gases or vapors or by insufflating anesthetic gases or vapors into the respiratory tract.

Injection of an anesthetic into the nerves to inhibit nerve transmission in a specific part of the body.

Process of administering an anesthetic through injection directly into the bloodstream.

A variety of anesthetic methods such as EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA used to control the pain of childbirth.

The period of emergence from general anesthesia, where different elements of consciousness return at different rates.

A range of methods used to reduce pain and anxiety during dental procedures.

Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p173)

Ultrashort-acting anesthetics that are used for induction. Loss of consciousness is rapid and induction is pleasant, but there is no muscle relaxation and reflexes frequently are not reduced adequately. Repeated administration results in accumulation and prolongs the recovery time. Since these agents have little if any analgesic activity, they are seldom used alone except in brief minor procedures. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p174)

Agents that are administered in association with anesthetics to increase effectiveness, improve delivery, or decrease required dosage.

An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.

A stable, non-explosive inhalation anesthetic, relatively free from significant side effects.

A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3.

A specialty concerned with the study of anesthetics and anesthesia.

Drugs that block nerve conduction when applied locally to nerve tissue in appropriate concentrations. They act on any part of the nervous system and on every type of nerve fiber. In contact with a nerve trunk, these anesthetics can cause both sensory and motor paralysis in the innervated area. Their action is completely reversible. (From Gilman AG, et. al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed) Nearly all local anesthetics act by reducing the tendency of voltage-dependent sodium channels to activate.

The use of two or more chemicals simultaneously or sequentially to induce anesthesia. The drugs need not be in the same dosage form.

The constant checking on the state or condition of a patient during the course of a surgical operation (e.g., checking of vital signs).

Agents that are capable of inducing a total or partial loss of sensation, especially tactile sensation and pain. They may act to induce general ANESTHESIA, in which an unconscious state is achieved, or may act locally to induce numbness or lack of sensation at a targeted site.

Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.

A nonflammable, halogenated, hydrocarbon anesthetic that provides relatively rapid induction with little or no excitement. Analgesia may not be adequate. NITROUS OXIDE is often given concomitantly. Because halothane may not produce sufficient muscle relaxation, supplemental neuromuscular blocking agents may be required. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p178)

A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.

Inhalation anesthesia where the gases exhaled by the patient are rebreathed as some carbon dioxide is simultaneously removed and anesthetic gas and oxygen are added so that no anesthetic escapes into the room. Closed-circuit anesthesia is used especially with explosive anesthetics to prevent fires where electrical sparking from instruments is possible.

A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078)

Agents that induce various degrees of analgesia; depression of consciousness, circulation, and respiration; relaxation of skeletal muscle; reduction of reflex activity; and amnesia. There are two types of general anesthetics, inhalation and intravenous. With either type, the arterial concentration of drug required to induce anesthesia varies with the condition of the patient, the desired depth of anesthesia, and the concomitant use of other drugs. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p.173)

A widely used local anesthetic agent.

Drugs administered before an anesthetic to decrease a patient's anxiety and control the effects of that anesthetic.

A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.

Surgery performed on an outpatient basis. It may be hospital-based or performed in an office or surgicenter.

Interruption of NEURAL CONDUCTION in peripheral nerves or nerve trunks by the injection of a local anesthetic agent (e.g., LIDOCAINE; PHENOL; BOTULINUM TOXINS) to manage or treat pain.

A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.

Epidural anesthesia administered via the sacral canal.

A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236)

Intravenous anesthetics that induce a state of sedation, immobility, amnesia, and marked analgesia. Subjects may experience a strong feeling of dissociation from the environment. The condition produced is similar to NEUROLEPTANALGESIA, but is brought about by the administration of a single drug. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 8th ed)

An extremely stable inhalation anesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate.

An adrenergic alpha-2 agonist used as a sedative, analgesic and centrally acting muscle relaxant in VETERINARY MEDICINE.

A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.

Hospital department responsible for the administration of functions and activities pertaining to the delivery of anesthetics.

A drug-induced depression of consciousness during which patients respond purposefully to verbal commands, either alone or accompanied by light tactile stimulation. No interventions are required to maintain a patent airway. (From: American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines)

Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure.

Pain during the period after surgery.

The period during a surgical operation.

Medical methods of either relieving pain caused by a particular condition or removing the sensation of pain during a surgery or other medical procedure.

Extraction of the FETUS by means of abdominal HYSTEROTOMY.

A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.

An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.

Recording of electric currents developed in the brain by means of electrodes applied to the scalp, to the surface of the brain, or placed within the substance of the brain.

A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168)

Sense of awareness of self and of the environment.

A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.

Drugs used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.

Surgery restricted to the management of minor problems and injuries; surgical procedures of relatively slight extent and not in itself hazardous to life. (Dorland, 28th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)

A noble gas with the atomic symbol Xe, atomic number 54, and atomic weight 131.30. It is found in the earth's atmosphere and has been used as an anesthetic.

Emesis and queasiness occurring after anesthesia.

Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction without causing depolarization of the motor end plate. They prevent acetylcholine from triggering muscle contraction and are used as muscle relaxants during electroshock treatments, in convulsive states, and as anesthesia adjuvants.

A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.

Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.

The movement and the forces involved in the movement of the blood through the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM.

A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.

Operations carried out for the correction of deformities and defects, repair of injuries, and diagnosis and cure of certain diseases. (Taber, 18th ed.)

A derivative of CHLORAL HYDRATE that was used as a sedative but has been replaced by safer and more effective drugs. Its most common use is as a general anesthetic in animal experiments.

A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.

Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.

The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.

Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS.

An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.

Devices used to assess the level of consciousness especially during anesthesia. They measure brain activity level based on the EEG.

A type of oropharyngeal airway that provides an alternative to endotracheal intubation and standard mask anesthesia in certain patients. It is introduced into the hypopharynx to form a seal around the larynx thus permitting spontaneous or positive pressure ventilation without penetration of the larynx or esophagus. It is used in place of a facemask in routine anesthesia. The advantages over standard mask anesthesia are better airway control, minimal anesthetic gas leakage, a secure airway during patient transport to the recovery area, and minimal postoperative problems.

An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.

Drugs that interrupt transmission of nerve impulses at the skeletal neuromuscular junction. They can be of two types, competitive, stabilizing blockers (NEUROMUSCULAR NONDEPOLARIZING AGENTS) or noncompetitive, depolarizing agents (NEUROMUSCULAR DEPOLARIZING AGENTS). Both prevent acetylcholine from triggering the muscle contraction and they are used as anesthesia adjuvants, as relaxants during electroshock, in convulsive states, etc.

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

A thiophene-containing local anesthetic pharmacologically similar to MEPIVACAINE.

Occurence of a patient becoming conscious during a procedure performed under GENERAL ANESTHESIA and subsequently having recall of these events. (From Anesthesiology 2006, 104(4): 847-64.)

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain severity and duration in patients or experimental animals to aid in diagnosis, therapy, and physiological studies.

A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.

The intentional interruption of transmission at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION by external agents, usually neuromuscular blocking agents. It is distinguished from NERVE BLOCK in which nerve conduction (NEURAL CONDUCTION) is interrupted rather than neuromuscular transmission. Neuromuscular blockade is commonly used to produce MUSCLE RELAXATION as an adjunct to anesthesia during surgery and other medical procedures. It is also often used as an experimental manipulation in basic research. It is not strictly speaking anesthesia but is grouped here with anesthetic techniques. The failure of neuromuscular transmission as a result of pathological processes is not included here.

Books designed to give factual information or instructions.

A family of hexahydropyridines.

Examination, therapy or surgery of the interior of the larynx performed with a specially designed endoscope.

Androstanes and androstane derivatives which are substituted in any position with one or more hydroxyl groups.

Procedure in which arterial blood pressure is intentionally reduced in order to control blood loss during surgery. This procedure is performed either pharmacologically or by pre-surgical removal of blood.

Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.

Drug-induced depression of consciousness during which patients cannot be easily aroused but respond purposely following repeated painful stimulation. The ability to independently maintain ventilatory function may be impaired. (From: American Society of Anesthesiologists Practice Guidelines)

Facilities equipped for performing surgery.

Methods of PAIN relief that may be used with or in place of ANALGESICS.

Patient care procedures performed during the operation that are ancillary to the actual surgery. It includes monitoring, fluid therapy, medication, transfusion, anesthesia, radiography, and laboratory tests.

Surgery performed on the eye or any of its parts.

Antineoplastic agent that is also used as a veterinary anesthetic. It has also been used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Urethane is suspected to be a carcinogen.

A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.

A colorless, odorless gas that can be formed by the body and is necessary for the respiration cycle of plants and animals.

Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.

Involuntary contraction or twitching of the muscles. It is a physiologic method of heat production in man and other mammals.

The period following a surgical operation.

An abdominal hernia with an external bulge in the GROIN region. It can be classified by the location of herniation. Indirect inguinal hernias occur through the internal inguinal ring. Direct inguinal hernias occur through defects in the ABDOMINAL WALL (transversalis fascia) in Hesselbach's triangle. The former type is commonly seen in children and young adults; the latter in adults.

The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).

A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593)

The large network of nerve fibers which distributes the innervation of the upper extremity. The brachial plexus extends from the neck into the axilla. In humans, the nerves of the plexus usually originate from the lower cervical and the first thoracic spinal cord segments (C5-C8 and T1), but variations are not uncommon.

The active sympathomimetic hormone from the ADRENAL MEDULLA. It stimulates both the alpha- and beta- adrenergic systems, causes systemic VASOCONSTRICTION and gastrointestinal relaxation, stimulates the HEART, and dilates BRONCHI and cerebral vessels. It is used in ASTHMA and CARDIAC FAILURE and to delay absorption of local ANESTHETICS.

A disorder in which the adductor muscles of the VOCAL CORDS exhibit increased activity leading to laryngeal spasm. Laryngismus causes closure of the VOCAL FOLDS and airflow obstruction during inspiration.

Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood.

A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.

Professional nurses who have completed postgraduate training in the administration of anesthetics and who function under the responsibility of the operating surgeon.

Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.

A phenothiazine that is used in the treatment of PSYCHOSES.

Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals.

The intermediate sensory division of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The maxillary nerve carries general afferents from the intermediate region of the face including the lower eyelid, nose and upper lip, the maxillary teeth, and parts of the dura.

Surgery which could be postponed or not done at all without danger to the patient. Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery.

Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

The measure of the level of heat of a human or animal.

A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.

A imidazole derivative that is an agonist of ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS. It is closely-related to MEDETOMIDINE, which is the racemic form of this compound.

A network of nerve fibers originating in the upper four CERVICAL SPINAL CORD segments. The cervical plexus distributes cutaneous nerves to parts of the neck, shoulders, and back of the head. It also distributes motor fibers to muscles of the cervical SPINAL COLUMN, infrahyoid muscles, and the DIAPHRAGM.

A class of chemicals derived from barbituric acid or thiobarbituric acid. Many of these are GABA MODULATORS used as HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES, as ANESTHETICS, or as ANTICONVULSANTS.

A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.

The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)

The surgical removal of a tooth. (Dorland, 28th ed)

Preliminary administration of a drug preceding a diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical procedure. The commonest types of premedication are antibiotics (ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS) and anti-anxiety agents. It does not include PREANESTHETIC MEDICATION.

The act of "taking account" of an object or state of affairs. It does not imply assessment of, nor attention to the qualities or nature of the object.

Operative procedures performed on the SKIN.

The technology of transmitting light over long distances through strands of glass or other transparent material.

Proposed anesthetic with possible anticonvulsant and sedative properties.

Sharp instruments used for puncturing or suturing.

Surgery performed on the female genitalia.

A 3:1 mixture of alfaxalone with alfadolone acetate that previously had been used as a general anesthetic. It is no longer actively marketed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1445)

The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.

Dental care for the emotionally, mentally, or physically disabled patient. It does not include dental care for the chronically ill ( = DENTAL CARE FOR CHRONICALLY ILL).

A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.

The relief of pain without loss of consciousness through the introduction of an analgesic agent into the epidural space of the vertebral canal. It is differentiated from ANESTHESIA, EPIDURAL which refers to the state of insensitivity to sensation.

Interventions to provide care prior to, during, and immediately after surgery.

The principal alkaloid in opium and the prototype opiate analgesic and narcotic. Morphine has widespread effects in the central nervous system and on smooth muscle.

Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.

Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.

That portion of the body that lies between the THORAX and the PELVIS.

Absence of air in the entire or part of a lung, such as an incompletely inflated neonate lung or a collapsed adult lung. Pulmonary atelectasis can be caused by airway obstruction, lung compression, fibrotic contraction, or other factors.

The pressure that would be exerted by one component of a mixture of gases if it were present alone in a container. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.

Care given during the period prior to undergoing surgery when psychological and physical preparations are made according to the special needs of the individual patient. This period spans the time between admission to the hospital to the time the surgery begins. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

A hypnotic and sedative used in the treatment of INSOMNIA.

An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180)

A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).

Interruption of sympathetic pathways, by local injection of an anesthetic agent, at any of four levels: peripheral nerve block, sympathetic ganglion block, extradural block, and subarachnoid block.

Investigations conducted on the physical health of teeth involving use of a tool that transmits hot or cold electric currents on a tooth's surface that can determine problems with that tooth based on reactions to the currents.

The period of care beginning when the patient is removed from surgery and aimed at meeting the patient's psychological and physical needs directly after surgery. (From Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)

Surgical procedures used to treat disease, injuries, and defects of the oral and maxillofacial region.

Procedures used to treat and correct deformities, diseases, and injuries to the MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM, its articulations, and associated structures.

An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.

A pyrazolodiazepinone with pharmacological actions similar to ANTI-ANXIETY AGENTS. It is commonly used in combination with TILETAMINE to obtain immobilization and anesthesia in animals.

The removal of a cataractous CRYSTALLINE LENS from the eye.

A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.

Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).

Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.

The processes of heating and cooling that an organism uses to control its temperature.

Dental care for patients with chronic diseases. These diseases include chronic cardiovascular, endocrinologic, hematologic, immunologic, neoplastic, and renal diseases. The concept does not include dental care for the mentally or physically disabled which is DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED.

A transient absence of spontaneous respiration.

Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes.

The electric response evoked in the CEREBRAL CORTEX by ACOUSTIC STIMULATION or stimulation of the AUDITORY PATHWAYS.

Devices for the compression of a blood vessel by application around an extremity to control the circulation and prevent the flow of blood to or from the distal area. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.

An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.

The process of minimizing risk to an organization by developing systems to identify and analyze potential hazards to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences, and by attempting to handle events and incidents which do occur in such a manner that their effect and cost are minimized. Effective risk management has its greatest benefits in application to insurance in order to avert or minimize financial liability. (From Slee & Slee: Health care terms, 2d ed)

A method in which either the observer(s) or the subject(s) is kept ignorant of the group to which the subjects are assigned.

The process in which specialized SENSORY RECEPTOR CELLS transduce peripheral stimuli (physical or chemical) into NERVE IMPULSES which are then transmitted to the various sensory centers in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The action of a drug that may affect the activity, metabolism, or toxicity of another drug.

The TEMPERATURE at the outer surface of the body.

Evaluation, planning, and use of a range of procedures and airway devices for the maintenance or restoration of a patient's ventilation.

The long-term (minutes to hours) administration of a fluid into the vein through venipuncture, either by letting the fluid flow by gravity or by pumping it.

A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a rapid onset of action and a longer duration of action than procaine hydrochloride. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1017)

The volume of BLOOD passing through the HEART per unit of time. It is usually expressed as liters (volume) per minute so as not to be confused with STROKE VOLUME (volume per beat).

Compounds capable of relieving pain without the loss of CONSCIOUSNESS.

Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.

Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of eight (8) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.

Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.

Drugs that interrupt transmission at the skeletal neuromuscular junction by causing sustained depolarization of the motor end plate. These agents are primarily used as adjuvants in surgical anesthesia to cause skeletal muscle relaxation.

Situations or conditions requiring immediate intervention to avoid serious adverse results.

A process involving chance used in therapeutic trials or other research endeavor for allocating experimental subjects, human or animal, between treatment and control groups, or among treatment groups. It may also apply to experiments on inanimate objects.

Hospital unit providing continuous monitoring of the patient following anesthesia.

A dental specialty concerned with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disease, injuries, and defects of the human oral and maxillofacial region.

Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)

An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.

Relief of PAIN, without loss of CONSCIOUSNESS, through ANALGESIC AGENTS administered by the patients. It has been used successfully to control POSTOPERATIVE PAIN, during OBSTETRIC LABOR, after BURNS, and in TERMINAL CARE. The choice of agent, dose, and lockout interval greatly influence effectiveness. The potential for overdose can be minimized by combining small bolus doses with a mandatory interval between successive doses (lockout interval).

Drugs used to prevent NAUSEA or VOMITING.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

A heterogeneous group of drugs used to produce muscle relaxation, excepting the neuromuscular blocking agents. They have their primary clinical and therapeutic uses in the treatment of muscle spasm and immobility associated with strains, sprains, and injuries of the back and, to a lesser degree, injuries to the neck. They have been used also for the treatment of a variety of clinical conditions that have in common only the presence of skeletal muscle hyperactivity, for example, the muscle spasms that can occur in MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p358)

The degree to which the individual regards the health care service or product or the manner in which it is delivered by the provider as useful, effective, or beneficial.

The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle. Common abbreviations are TV or V with subscript T.

A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually L2 to L4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

A state in which there is an enhanced potential for sensitivity and an efficient responsiveness to external stimuli.

Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.

A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.

The circulation of blood through the BLOOD VESSELS of the BRAIN.

A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.

The upper part of the trunk between the NECK and the ABDOMEN. It contains the chief organs of the circulatory and respiratory systems. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Spinal epidural abscess associated with epidural catheterization: report of a case and a review of the literature. (1/613)

We describe a 53-year-old man who developed a catheter-related epidural abscess 8 days after left upper lobectomy for lung cancer. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was detected in a culture of the epidural pus. Magnetic resonance imaging was essential for the diagnosis of epidural abscess and for determining the extent of spread. The patient was treated by laminectomy and administration of appropriate antibiotics, with almost complete recovery, except for urinary retention. A literature search yielded 29 additional cases of catheter-related epidural abscess. The median duration of catheterization was 4 days and the median time to onset of the clinical symptoms after catheter placement was 8 days. Eleven of the 30 patients had some underlying disorders, including malignancy or herpes zoster, or were receiving steroids. Nine of the 10 patients with thoracic epidural abscess had persistent neurological deficits, whereas 12 of the 15 patients with lumbar epidural abscess showed a full recovery after treatment. Surgical decompression was not required in six patients without significant neurological deficits, who recovered following antibiotic treatment (four patients) or percutaneous drainage (two patients). Thoracic catheters are associated with a disproportionately high incidence of epidural abscess and persistent neurological sequelae following treatment. (+info)

Comparison of three solutions of ropivacaine/fentanyl for postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia. (2/613)

BACKGROUND: Ropivacaine, 0.2%, is a new local anesthetic approved for epidural analgesia. The addition of 4 microg/ml fentanyl improves analgesia from epidural ropivacaine. Use of a lower concentration of ropivacaine-fentanyl may further improve analgesia or decrease side effects. METHODS: Thirty patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomized in a double-blinded manner to receive one of three solutions: 0.2% ropivacaine-4 microg fentanyl 0.1% ropivacaine-2 microg fentanyl, or 0.05% ropivacaine-1 microg fentanyl for patient-controlled epidural analgesia after standardized combined epidural and general anesthesia. Patient-controlled epidural analgesia settings and adjustments for the three solutions were standardized to deliver equivalent drug doses. Pain scores (rest, cough, and ambulation), side effects (nausea, pruritus, sedation, motor block, hypotension, and orthostasis), and patient-controlled epidural analgesia consumption were measured for 48 h. RESULTS: All three solutions produced equivalent analgesia. Motor block was significantly more common (30 vs. 0%) and more intense with the 0.2% ropivacaine-4 microg fentanyl solution. Other side effects were equivalent between solutions and mild in severity. A significantly smaller volume of 0.2% ropivacaine-4 microg fentanyl solution was used, whereas the 0.1% ropivacaine-2 microg fentanyl group used a significantly greater amount of ropivacaine and fentanyl. CONCLUSIONS: Lesser concentrations of ropivacaine and fentanyl provide comparable analgesia with less motor block despite the use of similar amounts of ropivacaine and fentanyl. This finding suggests that concentration of local anesthetic solution at low doses is a primary determinant of motor block with patient-controlled epidural analgesia after lower abdominal surgery. (+info)

Ballistic shock wave lithotripsy in an 18-year-old thoroughbred gelding. (3/613)

Prolonged postoperative recuperation time and restricted exercise were circumvented by using ballistic shock wave lithotripsy to break up an 8-cm diameter vesical calculus and by flushing out the sand-like residue under epidural anesthesia with the horse standing. Recovery was uneventful. (+info)

Assessing introduction of spinal anaesthesia for obstetric procedures. (4/613)

To assess the impact of introducing spinal anaesthesia for obstetric operative procedures on use of general anaesthesia and quality of regional anaesthesia in a unit with an established epidural service a retrospective analysis of routinely collected data on method of anaesthesia, efficacy, and complications was carried out. Data were collected from 1988 to 1991 on 1670 obstetric patients requiring an operative procedure. The introduction of spinal anaesthesia in 1989 significantly reduced the proportion of operative procedures performed under general anaesthesia, from 60% (234/390) in 1988 to 30% (124/414) in 1991. The decrease was most pronounced for manual removal of the placenta (88%, 48/55 v 9%, 3/34) and emergency caesarean section (67%, 129/193) v 38%, 87/229). Epidural anaesthesia decreased in use most significantly for elective caesarean section (65%, 77/118 v 3% 3/113; x2=139, p<0.0001). The incidence of severe pain and need for conversion to general anaesthesia was significantly less with spinal anaesthesia (0%, 0/207 v 3%, 5/156; p<0.05). Hypotension was not a problem, and the incidence of headache after spinal anaesthetic decreased over the period studied. Introducing spinal anaesthesia therefore reduced the need for general anaesthesia and improved the quality of regional anaesthesia. (+info)

Quantitative and selective assessment of sensory block during lumbar epidural anaesthesia with 1% or 2% lidocaine. (5/613)

We have examined sensory block during lumbar epidural anaesthesia using a cutaneous current perception threshold (CPT) sensory testing device in 20 patients who received 10 ml of either 1% or 2% lidocaine (lignocaine). CPT at 2000, 250 and 5 Hz stimulation at the trigeminal (V), ninth thoracic (T9) and second lumbar (L2) dermatomes, and dermatomal levels of block to light touch, temperature and pinprick discrimination were measured before and every 5 min until 60 min after epidural lidocaine. There were significant differences between 1% and 2% epidural lidocaine in all CPT at T9 and L2, in addition to maximal cephalad spread of the three sensory modalities. After 2% lidocaine, all CPT increased significantly at T9 and L2. In contrast, only at 250 and 5 Hz for L2 did epidural block with 1% lidocaine produce significant increases in CPT. Maximal level of loss of touch sensation after 1% lidocaine was significantly lower than that of cold and pinprick sensations. We conclude that the dose of lidocaine affected intensity of sensory block during lumbar epidural anaesthesia. In addition, differential neural block resulting from epidural anaesthesia appeared to be associated with a differential effect on nerve fibres of different sizes. (+info)

Epidural catheter tip position and distribution of injectate evaluated by computed tomography. (6/613)

BACKGROUND: The distribution of solutions injected into the epidural space has not been determined. The author therefore examined the site of catheter tips and the spread of contrast material in the epidural space using computed tomographic (CT) imaging in patients receiving successful epidural analgesia. METHODS: Lumbar epidural catheters were placed in 20 female patients by a midline technique. Anesthetic effect was determined by motor and sensory examinations during analgesic infusion. CT images were obtained for identification of the catheter tip and after radiographic contrast injection of 4 ml and then an additional 10 ml. RESULTS: Catheter tips were most often found lateral to the dura in the intervertebral foramen. In these subjects with normally functioning epidural analgesia, there was remarkable interindividual variability in patterns of spread, including various amounts of anterior passage, layering along the dura, and compression of the dura creating a posterior fold. Accumulation becomes more symmetric with increasing injectate volume. Spread through the intervertebral foramina was seen in all subjects. Air and fat in the region of the catheter interfered with solution spread in three subjects, but only over a limited area. Asymmetry in anesthetic effect was attributable to catheter position. No substantial barriers to solution spread were observed. CONCLUSIONS: A variety of catheter tip positions and patterns of solution spread underlie normal epidural anesthesia. Nonuniform distribution of injectate is common and is compatible with uniform anesthesia. Posterior midline structures play a minimal role in impeding distribution of injectate. A far lateral catheter position is a more common cause of asymmetric block than anatomic barriers to solution spread. (+info)

Anaesthetic management of a woman who became paraplegic at 22 weeks' gestation after a spontaneous spinal cord haemorrhage secondary to a presumed arteriovenous malformation. (7/613)

A 19-yr-old woman developed a paraplegia with a T10 sensory level at 22 weeks' gestation. The spinal injury was caused by spontaneous bleed of a presumed arteriovenous malformation in the spinal cord. She presented for Caesarean section at term because of the breech position of her fetus. The successful use of a combined spinal epidural-regional anaesthetic is described and the risks of general and regional anaesthesia are discussed. (+info)

Spinal versus epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in severely preeclamptic patients: a retrospective survey. (8/613)

BACKGROUND: Selection of spinal anesthesia for severely preeclamptic patients requiring cesarean section is controversial. Significant maternal hypotension is believed to be more likely with spinal compared with epidural anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to assess, in a large retrospective clinical series, the blood pressure effects of spinal and epidural anesthesia in severely preeclamptic patients requiring cesarean section. METHODS: The computerized medical records database was reviewed for all preeclamptic patients having cesarean section between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1996. All nonlaboring severely preeclamptic patients receiving either spinal or epidural anesthesia for cesarean section were included for analysis. The lowest recorded blood pressures were compared for the 20-min period before induction of regional anesthesia, the period from induction of regional anesthesia to delivery, and the period from delivery to the end of operation. RESULTS: Study groups included 103 women receiving spinal anesthesia and 35 receiving epidural anesthesia. Changes in the lowest mean blood pressure were similar after epidural or spinal anesthesia. Intraoperative ephedrine use was similar for both groups. Intraoperative crystalloid administration was statistically greater for patients receiving spinal versus epidural anesthesia (1780 +/- 838 vs. 1359 +/- 674 ml, respectively). Neonatal Apgar scores and incidence of maternal intensive care unit admission or postoperative pulmonary edema were also similar. CONCLUSION: Although we cannot exclude the possibility that the spinal and epidural anesthesia groups were dissimilar, the magnitudes of maternal blood pressure declines were similar after spinal or epidural anesthesia in this series of severely preeclamptic patients receiving cesarean section. Maternal and fetal outcomes also were similar. (+info)

In the United States, over 50% of childbirths involve the use of epidural anesthesia. Epidural anaesthesia causes a loss of ... In one study which examined the rate of breastfeeding two days following epidural anesthesia during childbirth, epidural ... Rare complications of epidural administration include formation of an epidural abscess (1 in 145,000) or epidural hematoma (1 ... "High Thoracic Epidural in Cardiac Anesthesia: A Review". Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 19 (1): 38-48. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_administration

Epidurals are recommended for perioperative COVID-19 people over general anesthesia-EBPs have an extremely low risk of ... An epidural needle is inserted into the epidural space like a traditional epidural procedure. The blood modulates the pressure ... An epidural is injected into the epidural space, inside the bony spinal canal but just outside the dura. In contact with the ... Harrington, B (2004). "Postdural Puncture Headache and the Development of the Epidural Blood Patch". Regional Anesthesia and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_blood_patch

... in conjunction with epidural anesthesia; in overdose of ganglion blockers, alpha-adrenergic blockers, neuroleptics, anesthetics ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-Ethylisothiouronium_diethylphosphate

Matsukawa T, Sessler DI, Christensen R, Ozaki M, Schroeder M (1995). "Heat flow and distribution during epidural anesthesia". ... Saager L, Hesler BD, You J, Turan A, Mascha EJ, Sessler DI, Kurz A (2014). "Intraoperative transitions of anesthesia care and ... They were also among the first anesthesia investigators to conduct large-scale registry research. Taking advantage of dense ... While the effects of anesthesia have traditionally been considered to dissipate within hours of surgery, there is increasing ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outcomes_Research_Consortium

Due to his early accidental death, his pioneering work in epidural anesthesia (or metameric anesthesia as he called it) went ... Fidel Pagés published an article in July 1921 called "Anestesia Metamérica" (i.e. metameric anesthesia or epidural anesthesia) ... Two of his main contributions during this time are the publication of his seminal article on epidural anesthesia and a series ... History of neuraxial anesthesia Leon Visser (2001). "Epidural Anaesthesia". Update in Anaesthesia (13): 1. Archived from the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fidel_Pagés

... epidural and caudal anesthesia). Topical anesthesia: local anesthetics that are specially formulated to diffuse through the ... Alternatively, epidural and spinal anesthesia can be performed in the region of the central nervous system itself, suppressing ... Epidural anesthesia does not typically affect muscle control. Because central neuraxial blockade causes arterial and venous ... Spinal anesthesia is a "one-shot" injection that provides rapid onset and profound sensory anesthesia with lower doses of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthesia

Epidural procedure History of neuraxial anesthesia Odom's indicator Dogliotti, AM (1933). "Research and clinical observations ... It is a method for the identification of the epidural space, a potential space. As a needle is advanced through the ligamentum ... Wilson MJA (2007). "Epidural endeavour and the pressure principle". Anaesthesia. 62 (4): 319-324. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2044.2007. ... Dogliotti's principle is a principle in epidural anaesthesia first described by Professor Achille Mario Dogliotti in 1933. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogliotti's_principle

Aspegren, D. D; Wright, R. E; Hemler, D. E (1997). "Manipulation under epidural anesthesia with corticosteroid injection: Two ... Ben-David, B; Raboy, M (1994). "Manipulation under anesthesia combined with epidural steroid injection". Journal of ... and manipulation under epidural anesthesia (MUEA).[citation needed] Medication Assisted Manipulation (MAM) has been used since ... "Manipulation Under Anesthesia" (PDF). Cigna. October 15, 2016. DiGiorgi D, Cerf JL, Bowerman DS. Outcomes indicators and a risk ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipulation_under_anesthesia

Beilin Y, Halpern S (August 2012). "Focused review: ropivacaine versus bupivacaine for epidural labor analgesia". Anesthesia & ... On the other hand, NSTX local infiltration produces long lasting anesthesia, well over all the current available local ... Zink W, Graf B (July-August 2004). "Review Articles: Local Anesthetic Myotoxicity". Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. 29 ( ... Padera RF, Tse JY, Bellas E, Kohane DS (December 2006). "Tetrodotoxin for prolonged local anesthesia with minimal myotoxicity ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neosaxitoxin

"Manuel Martinez Curbelo And Continuous Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia" (PDF). Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 22 (4): 1-8. doi: ... In 1921, Spanish military surgeon Fidel Pagés (1886-1923) developed the modern technique of lumbar epidural anesthesia, which ... Marx, GF (1994). "The first spinal anesthesia. Who deserves the laurels?". Regional Anesthesia. 19 (6): 429-30. PMID 7848956. ... History of anesthesia, History of neuroscience, Local anesthetics, Regional anesthesia, Drug discovery). ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_neuraxial_anesthesia

"Manuel Martinez Curbelo And Continuous Lumbar Epidural Anesthesia" (PDF). Bulletin of Anesthesia History. 22 (4): 1-8. doi: ... In 1931, Aburel was the first to describe blocking the lumbar plexus during early labor, followed by a caudal epidural ... History of neuraxial anesthesia Collis, Rachel E.; Urquhart, John; Plaat, Felicity (2002). Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugen_Aburel

Epidural anesthesia and delivery also can cause the overflow incontinence.[citation needed] Overflow incontinence occurs when ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overflow_incontinence

... is used for regional anaesthesia including spinal anaesthesia, caudal anaesthesia and epidural anesthesia It is ... Philipson EH, Kuhnert BR, Syracuse CD (February 1985). "Fetal acidosis, 2-chloroprocaine, and epidural anesthesia for cesarean ... Chestnut: Obstetric Anesthesia, 3rd ed, p333. Hughes: Anesthesia for Obstetrics, 4th ed, p75. "Chloroprocaine". Drug ... mandibular nerve block or maxillary nerve block for dental anesthesia, ophthalmic anesthesia via infraorbital nerve block, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroprocaine

In 1921, surgeon Fidel Pagés developed the epidural anesthesia technique. The engineer Manuel Jalón Corominas invented the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Spain

Epidural anesthesia and hyperbaric oxygen therapy also have vasodilator effect. There is moderate certainty evidence that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thromboangiitis_obliterans

Keech, Brian M. (2015). "Thoracic epidural analgesia in a child with multiple traumatic rib fractures". Journal of Clinical ... Anesthesia. 27 (8): 685-691. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2015.05.008. ISSN 0952-8180. PMID 26118312. Bounakis, Nikolaos; Karampalis ... Stroud, Andrea M.; Tulanont, Darena D.; Coates, Thomasena E.; Goodney, Philip P.; Croitoru, Daniel P. (2014). "Epidural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chest_pain_in_children

... epidural anesthesia combined with general anesthesia) Abdominal surgery (epidural anesthesia/spinal anesthesia, often combined ... epidural anesthesia) Trauma (peripheral nerve blocks, intravenous regional anesthesia, epidural anesthesia) Chronic pain is a ... spinal/epidural anesthesia) Bone and joint surgery of the pelvis, hip, and leg (spinal/epidural anesthesia, peripheral nerve ... plexus anesthesia). Spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia merge into the central nervous system. Injection of LAs is often ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic

Jin HC, Keller AJ, Jung JK, Subieta A, Brennan TJ (October 2007). "Epidural tezampanel, an AMPA/kainate receptor antagonist, ... produces postoperative analgesia in rats". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 105 (4): 1152-9, table of contents. doi:10.1213/01.ane. ... a new class of drugs for spinal anesthesia". Anesthesiology. 97 (1): 177-82. doi:10.1097/00000542-200207000-00025. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezampanel

... and the epidural blood patch: a national survey of United States practice". Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. 34 (5): 430- ... A small amount of the person's blood is injected into the epidural space near the site of the original puncture; the resulting ... PDPH is thought to result from a loss of cerebrospinal fluid into the epidural space. A decreased hydrostatic pressure in the ... Safa-Tisseront V, Thormann F, Malassiné P, Henry M, Riou B, Coriat P, Seebacher J (August 2001). "Effectiveness of epidural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-dural-puncture_headache

Bradford, Billie C. (February 2000). "HCFA announces 2000 Medicare anesthesia conversion factor increases and other changes" ( ... Epidural administration: injection into the epidural space of the spinal cord. Epidural, (Greek): situated on or outside the ... epidural abscess, and meningitis." Epidural anaesthesia Epidural steroid injection D.E. Jamison; E. Hsu; S.P. Cohen (June 2014 ... Epidural lysis of adhesions (LOA), also known as percutaneous adhesiolysis or the Racz procedure, is a minimally invasive spine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidural_lysis_of_adhesions

Boston Globe: Jess Weiss, 90; redesigned an epidural needle "Obituary Jess B. Weiss, M.D., 1917-2007". Anesthesia History ... Weiss was best known for redesigning the shape of the epidural needle by adding a T-shaped set of wings. This allowed ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jess_Weiss

... the network of epidural veins is overdrained, causing CSF to be aspirated into the epidural space. True leaks can form at weak ... Canadian Journal of Anesthesia. 56 (8): 609-13. doi:10.1007/s12630-009-9121-y. PMID 19495908. Mea, E.; Chiapparini, L.; ... Through the injection of a person's own blood into the area of the hole in the dura, an epidural blood patch uses blood's ... Once identified, the leak can often be repaired by an epidural blood patch, an injection of the patient's own blood at the site ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid_leak

Studies among ewes demonstrated that the Ferguson reflex is blocked by epidural anesthesia. In their studies among mice, Niles ... Blockade of the Ferguson reflex by lumbar epidural anaesthesia in the parturient sheep: effects on oxytocin secretion and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferguson_reflex

... is sometimes given intrathecally as part of spinal anesthesia or epidurally for epidural anaesthesia and analgesia. ... Intravenous fentanyl is often used for anesthesia and to treat pain. To induce anesthesia, it is given with a sedative-hypnotic ... "Pharmacokinetics and transplacental distribution of fentanyl in epidural anesthesia for normal pregnant women". European ... To maintain anesthesia, inhaled anesthetics and additional fentanyl may be used. These are often given in 15-30 minute ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fentanyl

... provide an early indicator of sympathectomy after epidural anesthesia, and improve detection of critical congenital heart ... "Pulse oximeter perfusion index as an early indicator of sympathectomy after epidural anesthesia". Acta Anaesthesiologica ... Recently, the National Health Service in the United Kingdom and the French Anesthesia and Critical Care Society listed PVI ... Barker SJ (October 2002). "'Motion-resistant' pulse oximetry: a comparison of new and old models". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 95 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse_oximetry

To provide continuous epidural analgesia or anesthesia, a small hollow catheter may be threaded through the epidural needle ... Frölich, MA; Caton, D (July 2001). "Pioneers in epidural needle design". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 93 (1): 215-20. doi:10.1097/ ... Frölich, MA; Caton, D (July 2001). "Pioneers in epidural needle design". Anesthesia and Analgesia. 93 (1): 215-20. doi:10.1097/ ... Literally, an epidural needle is simply a needle that is placed into the epidural space. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuohy_needle

"The influence of race and socioeconomic factors on patient acceptance of perioperative epidural analgesia". Anesthesia and ... Besides, some patients might prefer an alternative to epidural analgesia because of epidural-related side effects. Epidural ... Christie, I. W; McCabe, S. (2007-03-21). "Major complications of epidural analgesia after surgery: results of a six-year survey ... an effective alternative to other regional anesthetic techniques such as peripheral nerve blocks and spinal-epidural anesthesia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_wound_infiltration

An Efficient Alternative to Counteract Hypotension During Combined General/Epidural Anesthesia". Anesthesia & Analgesia. 90 (6 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornipressin

... can be administered as part of an anesthesia technique called TIVA (total intravenous anesthesia) using computer ... As such, it has been used for analgesia in labor successfully; however, it is not as effective as epidural analgesia. In ... Intranasal self-administration of remifentanil as the foray into opioid abuse by an anesthesia resident. Anesthesia & Analgesia ... The use of remifentanil has made possible the use of high-dose opioid and low-dose hypnotic anesthesia, due to synergism ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remifentanil

The procedure can be performed under general, regional (spinal or epidural) or even local anesthesia. Access to the patient's ... "General anesthesia versus local anesthesia for endovascular aortic aneurysm repair". Medicine. 97 (32): e11789. doi:10.1097/MD. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endovascular_aneurysm_repair

With the help of colleague Waldo B. Edwards, he also developed the continuous caudal anesthesia epidural administration to ... "The Western Reserve Anesthesia Machine, Oxygen Inhalator, And Resuscitator". Jama Network. Robert Hingson. Retrieved July 15, ... "Continuous Caudal Anesthesia in Obstetrics". American Journal of Surgery. American Journal of Surgery. Retrieved July 15, 2019 ... His awards include the Labat Award from the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and the President's Volunteer Action Award ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Andrew_Hingson

During a C section, the patient is usually numbed with an epidural or a spinal block, but general anesthesia can be used as ... Medicine administered via epidural can cross the placenta and enter the bloodstream of the fetus. Epidural analgesia has no ... Anim-Somuah M, Smyth RM, Cyna AM, Cuthbert A (May 2018). "Epidural versus non-epidural or no analgesia for pain management in ... Popular medical pain control in hospitals include the regional anaesthetics epidurals (EDA), and spinal anaesthesia. Epidural ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth

Additionally, Strauss has published on peripheral and central line catheters, anesthesia and surgical devices, safety injection ... devices, sharps disposal units, spinal and epidural catheters and vaccination devices. Intended as a retreat for health care ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ken_Strauss

There is little knowledge about options such as epidurals in some communities. Depending on birth location, some women receive ... International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia, 17(2), 112; 112-117; 117. Nagpal, J., Sachdeva, A., Sengupta Dhar, R., Bhargava ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth_in_India

... report less labor pain and are less likely to use epidural anesthesia during childbirth, or suffer from chest pain after ... Horlocker TT, Cousins MJ, Bridenbaugh PO, Carr DL (2008). Cousins and Bridenbaugh's Neural Blockade in Clinical Anesthesia and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain

Women often laboring in these hospitals will have epidurals or other forms of analgesia, if deemed necessary. Family members ... they are taught techniques in preparation for childbearing without the use of anesthesia. Techniques include education, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth_in_Mexico

Thoracic epidural analgesia or paravertebral blockade have shown to be the most effective methods for post-thoracotomy pain ... However, contraindications to neuraxial anesthesia include hypovolemia, shock, increase in ICP, coagulopathy or ... Comparing thoracic epidural analgesia and paravertebral blockade, paravertebral blockade reduced the risks of developing minor ... Treatment to aid pain relief for this condition includes intra-thoracic nerve blocks/opiates and epidurals, although results ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoracotomy

... has a range of medical applications including sedation, anesthesia, post-operative analgesic pain management, ... such as intramuscular injection and epidural administration (into the membranes surrounding the spinal cord). Until the 1980s, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infusion_therapy

... or into the epidural space surrounding the spinal cord. It is used for pain relief after surgery, but requires special ... Pediatric Anesthesia. 10 (3): 303-318. doi:10.1046/j.1460-9592.2000.00530.x. PMID 10792748. S2CID 22440254. Taddio A, Shah V, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pain_in_babies

The advantages of nerve blocks over general anesthesia include faster recovery, monitored anesthesia care vs. intubation with ... Since it is a unilateral block, it may be chosen over epidurals for patients who can't tolerate the hypotension that follows ... Journal of Clinical Anesthesia. 35: 524-529. doi:10.1016/j.jclinane.2016.08.041. ISSN 0952-8180. "About Regional Anesthesia / ... "Regional anesthesia for surgery". ASRA. Retrieved 4 August 2017. Sabanathan, S.; Mearns, A. J.; Smith, P. J. Bickford; Eng, J ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_anesthetic_nerve_block

... bag valve mask Anesthesia machine Oxygen mask Laryngoscope Tracheostomy tube Tuohy needle Flexible Endoscope Syringe Epidural ... Following is a list of instruments used in the practice of anesthesia General anesthesia does not always require the anesthetic ... Anesthesia machines may differ in appearance, size and degree of sophistication but generally speaking, they consist of ... ISBN 0-8016-1556-9. An introduction to anesthesia. Sweden: MAQUET Critical Care AB. 2007. p. 80. Order No. 6675755. (All ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instruments_used_in_anesthesiology

She used anesthesia machines from the US Army and developed her own machine.[citation needed] She is less known in her home ... While there she specialized in cervical epidurals, even writing papers on her use of total autonomic blockade. Invited in 1980 ... She introduced practices that are still in use today: For example, she included on the back of the anesthesia chart an ... In 1950 she wrote the first anesthesia textbook published after World War II in Germany: Einführung in die Praxis der modernen ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Emily_Henley

... local anesthetics Dental anesthesia Dibucaine number Epidural Intravenous regional anesthesia Local anesthesia Local anesthetic ... Local anesthetic toxicity Methemoglobin Sodium channel blocker Spinal anesthesia Topical anesthesia Veterinary anesthesia Büchi ... 4-Aminobenzoic acid Amino amide Amino esters Anesthesia Anesthetic Brachial plexus block Cocaine analogues: ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_local_anesthetics

... a common type of epidural anesthesia Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter Cleveland Weather Forecast Office, of the ... a fuse designed to limit current in power systems Congenital lobar emphysema Continuous lumbar epidural infusion, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLE

Perform and monitor regional anesthesia to include, but not limited to, spinal, epidural, IV regional, and other special ... Anesthesia Anesthesia provision in the US, a brief description of the different anesthesia providers in the US. Physicians' ... The result of this anesthesia workforce analysis was to introduce the concept of team care and to define a new type of ... Make post-anesthesia patient rounds by recording patient progress notes, compiling and recording case summaries, and by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certified_anesthesiologist_assistant

Hawkins JL, Chang J, Palmer SK, Gibbs CP, Callaghan WM (January 2011). "Anesthesia-related maternal mortality in the United ... where Fraser herself requested transfer to a hospital for epidural anaesthesia, and then subsequently requested a caesarean ... A study of anesthesia-related maternal mortality in the United States between 1979 and 2002 found the share of maternal ... one study of maternal mortality records lists the total share of maternal mortality deaths recorded as stemming from anesthesia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unassisted_childbirth

Such use is common in anesthesia or critical-care practices; it is especially useful in counteracting the hypotensive effect of ... epidural and subarachnoid anesthetics, as well as the vasodilating effect of bacterial toxins and the inflammatory response in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenylephrine

Treatment of an identified leak may include injection of a person's blood into the epidural space (an epidural blood patch), ... refers to the density of a substance compared to the density of human cerebrospinal fluid and is used in regional anesthesia to ... and the role of spinal epidural veins in absorption plays a progressively smaller and smaller role. The amount of cerebrospinal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebrospinal_fluid

... spinal epidural abscess, spinal epidural hematoma, proximal diabetic neuropathy, Tarlov cysts, or, more rarely, sarcoidosis, ... Cauda equina syndrome should be investigated in case of saddle anesthesia, loss of bladder or bowel control, or leg weakness. ... Spinal epidural abscess is more common among those with diabetes mellitus or immunocompromised, who use intravenous drugs, or ... September 2015). "Epidural Corticosteroid Injections for Radiculopathy and Spinal Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiculopathy

Epidural, Spinal Anesthesia, etc (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, All articles with ... Epidural anaesthesia is a technique whereby a local anaesthetic drug is injected through a catheter placed into the epidural ... The injected dose for an epidural is larger, being about 10-20 mL compared to 1.5-3.5 mL in a spinal. In an epidural, an ... Combined spinal and epidural anaesthesia Epidural Intrathecal administration Lumbar puncture Bronwen Jean Bryant; Kathleen Mary ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spinal_anaesthesia

... epidural, or perineural infusions Invasive monitoring such as arterial lines, central venous lines, and ventriculostomies ... Patients who received general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, or local anesthesia are transferred from the operating room ... A post-anesthesia care unit, often abbreviated PACU and sometimes referred to as post-anesthesia recovery or PAR, or simply ... Relevant information specific for patient's case for PACU staff to monitor Specific recommendations for the post-anesthesia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-anesthesia_care_unit

... known for developing the technique of epidural anesthesia. Ramón Acín Aquilué (1888, Huesca, Aragon, Spain - 1936), anarcho- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huesca

Changes in the upper airway can lead to difficulties in intubating the airway, spinal and epidural anesthesia may be difficult ... In addition, AS can have some manifestations which make anesthesia more complex. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankylosing_spondylitis

Signs and symptoms of cauda equina syndrome include: Severe back pain Saddle anesthesia (see diagram), i.e., anesthesia or ... Other causes include spinal stenosis, cancer, trauma, epidural abscess, and epidural hematoma. The diagnosis is suspected based ... saddle anesthesia, urinary or fecal incontinence and sexual dysfunction are considered "red flags", i.e. features which require ... epidural abscess, tumor or hematoma) is demonstrated. Early treatment may significantly improve the chance that long-term ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cauda_equina_syndrome

Spinal and epidural anesthesia are procedures that deliver medicines that numb parts of your body to block pain. They are given ... Spinal, epidural, and caudal anesthesia. In: Pardo MC, Miller RD, eds. Basics of Anesthesia. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier ... Spinal and epidural anesthesia are procedures that deliver medicines that numb parts of your body to block pain. They are given ... Spinal and epidural anesthesia work well for certain procedures and do not require placing a breathing tube into the windpipe ( ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/007413.htm

Learn about epidural anesthesia as a way to control your childs pain after surgery at The Childrens Hospital of Philadelphia. ... Epidural anesthesia - another type of pain relief your child may receive after surgery - is a way for doctors to put the pain ... The epidural catheter is a tiny tube placed under the skin near the nerves that help the body feel and control pain. Your child ... The epidural catheter will usually stay in place one to five days. After its removed, your child may take pills or liquid pain ...

https://www.chop.edu/patients-and-visitors/guide-your-childs-surgery/pain-control-after-surgery/epidural-anesthesia

Browse our line of Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia Pain Management products. ... Featured Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia. ICU Medical offers a full line of combined spinal epidural (CSE) products to meet ... This set provides the rapid onset of a spinal block, allowing anesthesia to be prolonged via an epidural catheter. ... CSEcure® Combined Spinal Epidural System. CSEcure® locking needle sets from ICU Medical enable the spinal and epidural needle ...

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Spinal and epidural anesthesia. Intrathecal anesthesia; Subarachnoid anesthesia; Epidural. Spinal and epidural anesthesia are ... Spinal, epidural, and caudal anesthesia. In: Pardo MC, Miller RD, eds. Basics of Anesthesia. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier ... Women often have an epidural during childbirth. Epidural during childbirth. An epidural block is a numbing medicine given by ... Spinal and epidural anesthesia work well for certain procedures and do not require placing a breathing tube into the windpipe ( ...

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One of the surprises was my response to epidural (spinal) anesthesia injections that are given to reduce pain during labor and ... Until last week I thought of epidurals as purely evil. (It is not that all midwives oppose epidurals, but my mother taught ... The experience of midwives has been that epidurals slow labor down and are unnecessary when other approaches are taken to the ... natural childbirth classes for a decade before entering midwifery, so I never heard a positive word regarding epidurals leave ...

https://ijhc.org/2001/09/02/observations-on-midwives-and-epidural-anesthesia-during-labor-and-delivery/

Incidence of Epidural Hematoma, Infection, and Neurologic Injury in Obstetric Patients with Epidural Analgesia/Anesthesia ... Male and Martin42and Kitching and Rice43reported spontaneous puerperal spinal epidural abscesses without epidural anesthesia. ... Although epidural analgesia and anesthesia is generally safe, serious adverse events can occur. Because of the large number of ... Anesthesia & Analgesia, British Journal of Anesthesia, Anesthesia , and Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica ) were hand- ...

https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/105/2/394/6716/Incidence-of-Epidural-Hematoma-Infection-and

Effect of early versus delayed activation of thoracic epidural anesthesia on plasma pro-atrial natriuretic peptide to indicate ... Effect of Lumbar Flexion on the Extent of Epidural Blockade Jin-Tae Kim, Jong-Hwan Lee, Seung-Zhoo Yoon, Young-Jin Lim, Jae- ... Cerebrospinal Fluid Cutaneous Fistula After Epidural Analgesia in a Child Liana Hosu, Mark J. Meyer, Kenneth R. Goldschneider ... Spinal Cord Injury Produced by Direct Damage During Cervical Transforaminal Epidural Injection Jae-Hyun Lee, Bo-Ra Seo, Sung- ...

https://rapm.bmj.com/keyword/epidural

Cardiac sympathovagal balance and peripheral sympathetic vasoconstriction: Epidural versus general anesthesia. Anesthesia and ... Cardiac sympathovagal balance and peripheral sympathetic vasoconstriction : Epidural versus general anesthesia. In: Anesthesia ... Epidural versus general anesthesia, Anesthesia and analgesia, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 165-171. ... Cardiac sympathovagal balance and peripheral sympathetic vasoconstriction: Epidural versus general anesthesia. L. A. Fleisher, ...

https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/cardiac-sympathovagal-balance-and-peripheral-sympathetic-vasocons-3

Epidural Anesthesia in the Normotensive Pregnant Ewe: Effects on Uterine Blood Flow and Fetal Acid-Base Status K. L. Wallis, M. ... K. L. Wallis, S. M. Shnider, J. S. Hicks, H. T. Spivey; Epidural Anesthesia in the Normotensive Pregnant Ewe: Effects on ... The Effects of Epidural Ropivacaine and Bupivacaine for Cesarean Section on Uteroplacental and Fetal Circulation Anesthesiology ...

https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/44/6/481/25647/Epidural-Anesthesia-in-the-Normotensive-Pregnant

Lets discuss the epidural anesthesia procedure. First we get an intravenous in your hand to make sure that we can give you ... In case you are getting an epidural for labor and delivery, then no sedatives will be provided to you, because we wanna make ... An anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist will provide the epidural to you as well. ... and you may get a mask with oxygen to help maintain your oxygenation while we perform the epidural block. This is mainly ...

https://www.doctorpedia.com/videos/epidural-anesthesia-procedure/

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https://euronews.carto.com/viz/9829afb8-057f-45a2-ac8f-b2815cd4ec3b/public_map

A normal delivery can be made relatively painless with the use of anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia is administered to the ... The good news is that epidural anesthesia does not affect your consciousness. Because this kind of anesthesia reduces the ... Although epidural is the most sought after painless labour method, the decision is yours to make. ...

https://www.babychakra.com/learn/4557-painless-delivery-how-is-it-different-from-a-normal-delivery

... of Gabapentin on Postoperative Pain and Opioid-Related Side Effects in Patients Undergoing Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia ...

https://avesis.cu.edu.tr/yayin/b5d7d28b-aa45-4fa7-8eba-d6935814c7f9/effect-of-gabapentin-on-postoperative-pain-and-opioid-related-side-effects-in-patients-undergoing-combined-spinal-epidural-anesthesia-a-preliminary-study

... The most common side effect of epidural or spinal anesthesia is ... The use of epidural anesthesia increases the risk of vacuum- or forceps-assisted vaginal delivery. . If medical professionals ... Epidural anesthesia is a technique for perioperative pain management with multiple applications in anesthesiology. Angela M. ... Park and Oh, 2004). A 56-year-old man received a successful appendectomy under epidural anesthesia performed at a T11-T12 ...

http://www.lacteoscienelac.com/2k22/kate/82407767d78c42309

Thoracic epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgery - Current standing.. Authors: Kapoor, Poonam Malhotra. Choudhury, Minati. ... Thoracic epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgery - Current standing. Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia. 2009 Jul; 12(2): 167-168. ...

https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/135176

Endothelin and vasopressin stabilize blood pressure during epidural anesthesia. Thomas Scheeren. Research output: Contribution ...

https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/endothelin-and-vasopressin-stabilize-blood-pressure-during-epidur

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The epidural is an anesthesia that allows for having painless deliveries, but we should be aware of its pros and cons before ... with the walking epidural?, What is a walking epidural?, Does epidural anesthesia hurt?, Is epidural anesthesia also used ... Types of epidural. In addition to the epidural anesthesia that we have already discussed, there are other types of epidurals ... What is an epidural?. Epidural anesthesia, also known as peridural anesthesia, involves the introduction of a local anesthetic ...

https://www.invitra.com/en/epidural-anesthesia/

For Epidural and Retrobulbar Anesthesia Not for Obstetric Anesthesia Not for Spinal Anesthesia Methylparaben Free Warning: ... For Epidural and Retrobulbar Anesthesia Not for Obstetric Anesthesia Not for Spinal Anesthesia Methylparaben Free Warning: ... Use in Epidural Anesthesia During epidural administration of Sensorcaine, 0.5% and 0.75% solutions should be administered in ... Epidural Anesthesia During epidural administration of Sensorcaine (bupivacaine HCl), 0.5% and 0.75% solutions should be ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=eb6d8fee-def4-4c96-9972-695e8cea8ea8

Epidural catheter. Induction: propofol TCI Schnider Cp 4 μg/ml, remifentanil 0,15 μg/kg/min, fentanyl 1 μg/kg, rocuronium 0,6-0 ... The risk for PONV in the recovery room was significantly reduced for a combined anesthesia compared to a balanced anesthesia ( ... Does a Combined Intravenous-volatile Anesthesia Offer Advantages Compared to an Intravenous or Volatile Anesthesia Alone. A ... with a total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and a balanced anesthesia (BAL) regarding the occurrence of PONV, time to extubation ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/946674

... and spinal anesthesia, and can occur inadvertently during epidural anesthesia. Cases of meningitis have been reported after all ... She received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia from anesthesiologist A, and delivered a healthy baby. Approximately 22 hours ... Patient B also received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia from anesthesiologist A and delivered a healthy baby. Approximately ... onsite review of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia procedure protocols, and interviews with the pharmacist and members of the ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5903a1.htm

Epidural Anesthesia and the Lateral Position. GRUNDY, E. M.; RAO, L. M.; WINNIE, A. P. ... What is the treatment of choice for nausea occurring during spinal or epidural anesthesia, especially for Cesarean section?. ... Effect of the Anesthetic Method, Epidural and General Anesthesia, on Intervillous Blood Flow in Caesarean Sections. JOUPPILA, R ... Hypotensive Anesthesia for Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Study of Blood Loss and Organ Function (Brain, Heart, Liver, and Kidney). ...

https://journals.lww.com/surveyanesthesiology/toc/1979/02000

Epidural anesthesia§. 12 (63). 18 (78). 0.48 (0.10-2.26). 0.28. Interventions. Aspiration. 17 (81). 22 (82). 0.97 (0.18-5.66). ...

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/content/13/2/298-t1.htm

... ... The degrees of hemodynamic changes were similar between in general anesthesia alone and in combined epidural anesthesia. ... Cervical epidural anesthesia for arteriovenous bridge graft at upper arm in chronic renal failure patients. J Korean Surg Soc ... Cervical epidural anesthesia for head and neck surgery. Laryngoscope 1984;94(5 Pt 1):615-9.. ...

https://jsms.sch.ac.kr/journal/view.php?number=382

Epidural anesthesia; Midline; Paramedian INTRODUCTION. One reason for patient refusal of spinal or epidural anesthesia is the ... The total incidence of back pain following epidural anesthesia was 23.8% in the midline group and 7.8% in the paramedian group ... A recent study also reported that the incidence of persistent back pain after epidural anesthesia up to 3 months after surgery ... The total incidence of back pain following epidural anesthesia was 23.8% and 7.8% in the midline and the paramedian group, ...

https://www.anesth-pain-med.org/journal/view.php?number=1144&viewtype=pubreader

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... studies have demonstrated that both spinal and epidural anesthesia tend to hav... ... The intraoperative use of regional anesthesia has many advantages, including the following: Reduces blood loss: In total hip ... regional anesthesia techniques are used extensively to allow the performance of orthopedic procedures. ... Epidural analgesia. Epidural analgesia refers to the delivery of anesthetics to the epidural space for purposes of pain control ...

https://reference.medscape.com/article/1268467-overview

Spinal or epidural anesthesia. Also called regional anesthesia, this is medication that we inject safely into your spine. These ... Short for Post-Anesthesia Care Unit. This is where youll stay as you wake up from anesthesia. When youre ready, well ... General anesthesia. Medication you receive through an intravenous line (IV) or anesthetic gas that ensures you wont feel, see ... How long you spend in the PACU depends on the type of surgery or procedure you had and the type of anesthesia you received. ...

https://www.aahs.org/en/prepare-for-surgery

Of the 4 million annual births in the United States, 2.4 million involve epidural analgesia. (asahq.org)
Data for superficial and deep infections, hematoma, and transient and permanent neurologic injury were obtained from studies reporting adverse events with obstetric epidural analgesia, and incidence presented as individual risk for a woman, number of events per million women, and percentage incidence. (asahq.org)
Although epidural analgesia and anesthesia is generally safe, serious adverse events can occur. (asahq.org)
The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the incidence of rare but serious problems occurring with epidural analgesia in obstetric practice, namely epidural hematoma, epidural infection, and persistent and transient neurologic injuries. (asahq.org)
Five journals (Anesthesiology, Anesthesia & Analgesia, British Journal of Anesthesia, Anesthesia , and Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica ) were hand-searched from mid-1999 to 2005. (asahq.org)
Anesthesia and analgesia , 79 (1), 165-171. (elsevier.com)
P=0.031) in the epidural analgesia cohort. (lacteoscienelac.com)
Anesthesia & Analgesia Case Reports. (lacteoscienelac.com)
The advantages of IT opioids for analgesia, especially if spinal anesthesia is already planned, include its simplicity, lack of need for catheter care or pumps, low cost, and easy supplementation with low-dose patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) opioids as needed. (medscape.com)
Obstetric anesthesia clinic childbirth course combined with labor epidural analgesia is associated with a decreased risk of postpartum depression : a prospective cohort study. (bvsalud.org)
In this paper , an investigation was conducted to see if obstetric anesthesia clinic childbirth course combined with labor epidural analgesia (LEA) was associated with a decreased risk of PPD . (bvsalud.org)
The development of back pain following epidural analgesia is one reason for patient refusal of neuraxial analgesia. (anesth-pain-med.org)
This study showed that the midline group of thoracic epidural analgesia demonstrated higher incidence of back pain than the paramedian group. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is a favored method for the analgesia after upper abdominal and thoracic surgery [ 3 , 4 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Introduction Epidural analgesia is the preferred method to manage pain during labor and delivery. (medrxiv.org)
Cases were women who received epidural analgesia and sustained an unintentional dural puncture and controls were women who received epidural analgesia but did not sustain such complication. (medrxiv.org)
Patients of the first group also were administered epidural analgesia and parenteral nutrition in the early postoperative period (from the first day) was prescribed. (org.ua)
The results of the study showed that in patients with bladder cancer the use of epidural anesthesia and analgesia and early parenteral nutrition helps maintain the number of main effectors of the cell-mediated immune response, namely, NK-lymphocytes and CTL. (org.ua)
It is more versatile than spinal anesthesia, giving the clinician the opportunity to provide anaesthesia and analgesia, as well as enabling chronic pain management. (ispub.com)
The book addresses the onset of pain, the cause of the pain, and the administration of analgesia or anesthesia. (elsevier.com)
Researchers conclude that acupuncture increases the effectiveness of epidural morphine analgesia for the relief of pain after intestinal cancer surgery. (healthcmi.com)
Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine researchers combined scalp acupuncture with epidural morphine analgesia in a controlled clinical trial. (healthcmi.com)
Patients receiving both epidural morphine analgesia and scalp acupuncture in a combined pain management protocol after completion of intestinal cancer surgery showed significant improvements in visual analog scale (VAS) scores and Bruggman comfort scale (BCS) scores. (healthcmi.com)
The researchers note that "scalp acupuncture can serve as a preemptive analgesia technique and increase effectiveness of epidural morphine analgesia. (healthcmi.com)
4] In the Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine study, acupuncture increases the effectiveness of epidural morphine analgesia by improving VAS and BCS scores and facilitates the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function. (healthcmi.com)
note, "The addition of acupuncture therapy to epidural morphine analgesia in a clinical setting can reduce the total dosage of morphine and correspondingly eliminate the medication-induced side effect rate. (healthcmi.com)
For the control group patients, combined general/epidural anesthesia was administered during the operation, while morphine was administered for patient-controlled epidural analgesia after the operation. (healthcmi.com)
Analgesia is provided through continuation of the intraoperative epidural, patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, or oral analgesia. (medscape.com)
By limiting exposure to these, epidural analgesia may enhance tumor surveillance. (silverchair.com)
Ijichi K, Nijima K, Iwagaki T, Irie J, Uratsuji Y. A randomized double-blind comparison of epidural versus intravenous tramadol infusion for postoperative analgesia. (riajournal.com)
Helmy N, Badawy AA, Hussein M, Reda H. Comparison of the preemptive analgesia of low dose ketamine versus magnesium sulfate on parturient undergoing cesarean section under general anesthesia. (riajournal.com)

The epidural is a type of anesthesia known worldwide for its advantage in providing a painless delivery , whether during vaginal delivery or a Cesarean section . (invitra.com)
With this type of anesthesia, your legs will continue to be numb and immobile for several hours after surgery. (aahs.org)
thus, mothers who receive this type of anesthesia may become dehydrated and exhausted, and they may also develop an elevated temperature. (medscape.com)
Ask about the admission process to the hospital or outpatient center, the type of anesthesia you might need, the length of stay in the hospital or outpatient center, rehabilitation and pain management. (orthonewengland.com)

Anesthesiologists usually give two types of medicines through the epidural: an opioid - also called a narcotic - and a local anesthetic. (chop.edu)
CSEcure ® locking needle sets from ICU Medical enable the spinal and epidural needle relationship to be stabilized during injection of the spinal anesthetic to prevent movement of the spinal needle. (smiths-medical.com)
Epidural anesthesia, also known as peridural anesthesia , involves the introduction of a local anesthetic into the epidural space so that the nerve endings are blocked at the level of the bone marrow. (invitra.com)
Regional anesthesia refers to the focused delivery of anesthetic agent(s) to a given part of the body. (medscape.com)
Regional anesthesia is used extensively for various purposes, including as a primary anesthetic technique for surgery, as an analgesic modality to manage pain in the perioperative period, and as an analgesic modality for various other forms of acute and/or chronic pain. (medscape.com)
Regional anesthesia can reduce operative anesthetic requirements and in some cases allow avoidance of general anesthesia altogether. (medscape.com)
Intrathecal (IT), often referred to as "spinal," anesthesia refers to the delivery of anesthetic agents to the subarachnoid layer of the spinal column into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounding the spinal cord. (medscape.com)
With emerging evidence that specific anesthetic agents may affect neurocognitive outcomes, there has been renewed interest in the applications of spinal anesthesia in neonates and infants. (journalmc.org)
About 60% of the roughly 4 million women who give birth in the United States each year end up having an epidural anesthetic to block the pain of childbirth. (webmd.com)
Prostaglandin D2 was reliably identified in CSF by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay when diluted with local anesthetic, saline, and serum, and can be used as a marker to identify the presence of CSF in epidural aspirates. (dovepress.com)
Procedure in which an anesthetic is injected into the epidural space. (bvsalud.org)
Epidural pain relief is administered by the insertion of anesthetic drugs directly into the spinal column to provide pain relief to the parts of the body involved in labor while leaving the woman conscious throughout labor. (expectny.com)

Epidural anesthesia is a technique for perioperative pain management with multiple applications in anesthesiology. (lacteoscienelac.com)
The use of perioperative regional anesthesia has many possible advantages. (medscape.com)
Results: In all patients enrolled with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status II or III (n=99), general anesthesia without epidural block was identified as a sole risk factor for major complications among perioperative variables. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Epidurals are also ideal for providing pain relief for many perioperative and chronic pain situations. (mycomedical.com)
Patients who have epidural anesthesia have been shown to develop fewer perioperative deep vein thromboses (DVTs). (medscape.com)
This study compared survival and cancer recurrence rates for resection of colorectal cancer between patients who received perioperative epidurals and those who did not. (silverchair.com)
The Anesthesia Consultant is written by Richard Novak, MD, an Adjunct Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine at Stanford University. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)
To assess cardiac autonomic modulation during perioperative hypotension caused by subarachnoid anesthesia. (bvsalud.org)

This smaller test dose is administered to prevent inadvertent administration of the epidural dose into the subarachnoid space or epidural vein. (lacteoscienelac.com)
Some studies address the value of HRV as a predictor of hypotension following subarachnoid anesthesia, mainly using linear methods in the frequency domain. (bvsalud.org)
It is understood to be important to analyze these factors using methods already validated in the domain of chaos, complexity and fractality, more compatible with the complexity of the behavior of biological systems, in the characterization of the autonomic function during the subarachnoid anesthesia. (bvsalud.org)

Spinal needles are used to deliver anesthesia into the Spinal (Intrathecal) space. (mycomedical.com)

Twenty patients were mechanically ventilated under general anesthesia after epidural catheter insertion on T6-T7 intervertebral space. (sch.ac.kr)

Hypotension following epidural blockade is rarely seen in children less than 8 years of age d. (lacteoscienelac.com)
Vista do Evaluation of the duration of motor and sensory blockade in cats submitted to epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine alone and associated with tramadol. (edu.br)
Epidural blockade is becoming one of the most useful and versatile procedures in modern anesthesiology. (ispub.com)
Aims The aim of the study was to compare the time of onset of sensory block and duration of sensory and motor blockade of epidural anaesthesia produced by bupivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.75% for lower limb surgery. (ispub.com)

Women often have an epidural during childbirth . (medlineplus.gov)
It is not that all midwives oppose epidurals, but my mother taught natural childbirth classes for a decade before entering midwifery, so I never heard a positive word regarding epidurals leave her mouth). (ijhc.org)
A total of 1.37 million women received an epidural for childbirth, reported in 27 articles. (asahq.org)
Approximately 2.4 million women a year have an epidural for childbirth. (asahq.org)
How is the childbirth with the walking epidural? (invitra.com)
The epidural is indicated for abdominal operations, especially at the infra-umbical level , such as childbirth, inguinal hernias, operations on the bladder or testicles, etc. (invitra.com)
The parturients were divided into 4 groups, with Group C being the control group , Group AC received the obstetric anesthesia clinic childbirth course only, Group LEA received LEA only, and Group AC + LEA received both the obstetric anesthesia clinic childbirth course and LEA. (bvsalud.org)
Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between obstetric anesthesia clinic childbirth course combined with LEA and postpartum depression . (bvsalud.org)
Received an anesthesia clinic childbirth course combined with LEA was associated with a decreased risk of PPD (OR 0.273, 95% CI, 0.100-0.743, P = 0.013). (bvsalud.org)
Received an obstetrics anesthesia clinic childbirth course combined with LEA for nulliparous women with a single term cephalic pregnancy was associated with a decreased risk of PPD at 6 weeks. (bvsalud.org)
An epidural is the preferred procedure for pain relief during normal childbirth. (mycomedical.com)
Some expecting mamas want to forgo medication and experience the feelings, contractions, and… pain of childbirth, while others opt to receive an epidural or other pain. (pullmanregional.org)

This unique relationship combines the clinical expertise of HSS's world-class Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management with Lumoptik's BrightPoint™ platform technology and product development capabilities to improve how patient care is delivered. (weeklyreviewer.com)

Methods: In a single-institutional observational study, consecutive adult patients undergoing pleurectomy/decortication under general anesthesia were enrolled from March 2019 to December 2021. (mesothelioma-line.com)

My training was in both internal medicine and anesthesiology, and the intersection of these two fields is geriatric anesthesia. (theanesthesiaconsultant.com)

Epidural steroid injections are a common procedure that can be used to relieve pain from various conditions. (thewatchers.us)
It is important to discuss these potential side effects with your doctor before undergoing an epidural steroid injection, so that you can make informed decisions about whether this procedure is right for you. (thewatchers.us)

The most common side effect of epidural or spinal anesthesia is hypotension with functional hypovolemia prompting fluid infusions or administration of vasopressors. (lacteoscienelac.com)
hypotension might have occurred secondary to the effect of epidural anesthesia and anesthesia-inducing drugs. (springeropen.com)

For the administration of the epidural anesthesia, a very thin catheter is used which is introduced into the lumbar area of the spine (between the two lumbar vertebrae) and then into the area covering the spinal cord. (invitra.com)

After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval and patient consent, CSF was obtained from patients undergoing spinal anesthesia, and blood, urine, and saliva were obtained from normal subjects and analyzed for prostaglandin D2 (PGD). (dovepress.com)

The doctor who gives you epidural or spinal anesthesia is called an anesthesiologist. (medlineplus.gov)
The anesthesiologist may place the epidural catheter while your child is asleep or sedated in the operating room. (chop.edu)
An anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist will provide the epidural to you as well. (doctorpedia.com)
She received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia from anesthesiologist A, and delivered a healthy baby. (cdc.gov)
A third case was identified in a woman aged 37 years (patient C) who received anesthesia from anesthesiologist A in July 2008. (cdc.gov)
Anesthesiologist A reported routine use of masks during spinal anesthesia procedures. (cdc.gov)
Using epidural anesthesia with patients who have musculoskeletal disease can be particularly challenging given the impact that arthritis and injury can have on the spine," said Michael Singleton , MD , an anesthesiologist at HSS. (weeklyreviewer.com)
The study, reported in the Feb. 17 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine , presents the best evidence yet that women in labor can safely have an epidural at any point in the process, obstetric anesthesiologist William Camann, MD, tells WebMD. (webmd.com)
These advances have been accomplished by the steady guidance of the physician anesthesiologist, who always has been and continues to be the leader of the anesthesia care team. (nxtbook.com)
Epidural steroids work by numbing the area around the spinal cord where the anesthesiologist injected them while you are under anesthesia. (thewatchers.us)

Conclusion Epidural ropivacaine 0.75% can be safely used as a possible alternative to bupivacaine 0.5% in lower limb orthopedic procedures. (ispub.com)
The researchers conducted a randomized clinical trial protocol to assess autonomic function at motor recovery in patients receiving spinal anesthesia with isobaric bupivacaine alone or clonidine-associated isobaric bupivacaine. (bvsalud.org)
1998. Determination of the analgesic dose-response relationship for epidural fentanyl and sufentanil with bupivacaine 0.125% in laboring patients. . (cornell.edu)

Prior to the epidural puncture, a gynecologist-midwife must ensure that the woman who is about to give birth is dilated, as she must be at least 2 centimeters dilated . (invitra.com)
According to a previous study, a large-bore spinal needle during spinal anesthesia resulted in more patients suffering from post-dural puncture back pain due to the increased degree of tissue injury [ 5 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)
The insertion of the epidural catheter can be complicated by unintentional dural puncture that may result in postdural puncture headache. (medrxiv.org)
Women who sustained a dural puncture during their epidural catheter insertion had a higher risk of developing chronic headache [14.3%, versus 4.8%, p=0.049, AOR: 3.36 (1.05, 12.82)] and chronic back pain [39.7% versus 19.1%, p=0.009, AOR: 2.67 (1.25, 5.72)] than women who did not sustain a dural puncture. (medrxiv.org)
Conclusions An unintentional dural puncture during epidural catheter insertion in parturients is associated with increased risk of chronic headache, back pain and auditory impairment. (medrxiv.org)
It is accepted that there is a severe risk of dural puncture in epidural anesthesia. (dovepress.com)

We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CENTRAL for relevant studies comparing combined intravenous volatile anesthesia with total intravenous or balanced anesthesia. (medscape.com)
Movement during surgery was significantly reduced for a combined compared to a total intravenous anesthesia (RR 0.241, CI 0.135-0.428, p -value 0.000). (medscape.com)
In the following meta-analysis we compared the combination of intravenous and volatile anesthetics (CIVA) with a total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and a balanced anesthesia (BAL) regarding the occurrence of PONV, time to extubation, movement during surgery and pain perception. (medscape.com)
Forty-six patients undergoing general sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia combined with intravenous fentanyl were divided into two groups. (org.ua)

Epidural hematoma. (lacteoscienelac.com)

An increasing number of women choose an epidural, usually a lumbar epidural catheter, to alleviate labor pain. (asahq.org)
A 27-year-old pregnant woman was diagnosed with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension at 29 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA) and admitted for elective cesarean delivery with lumbar epidural anesthesia at 36 weeks EGA. (ahrq.gov)

You want fewer systemic medicines and less "hangover" than you would have from general anesthesia. (medlineplus.gov)
Both epidural and general anesthetics alter autonomic balance. (elsevier.com)
However, the relative differences between epidural (EA) and general anesthetics (GA) with regard to cardiac and peripheral sympathovagal balance have not been described. (elsevier.com)
However, the person is not asleep as in the case of general anesthesia but remains conscious at all times. (invitra.com)
In general, the progression of anesthesia is related to the diameter, myelination, and conduction velocity of affected nerve fibers. (nih.gov)
This can be beneficial to a variety of patient populations, including those at risk for cognitive dysfunction after general anesthesia. (medscape.com)
IT opioids can be administered as an adjunct to general anesthesia (e.g., for scoliosis surgery) or combined with local anesthetics and administered during spinal anesthesia (e.g., for total hip arthroplasty). (medscape.com)
There were no changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate by hypercapnia after combined epidural anesthesia compared with general anesthesia only. (sch.ac.kr)
The degrees of hemodynamic changes were similar between in general anesthesia alone and in combined epidural anesthesia. (sch.ac.kr)
Next, patients were divided into two groups: general anesthesia with and without epidural block. (mesothelioma-line.com)
Conclusion: Epidural block is likely associated with reduction of the incidence of major complications after pleurectomy/decortication for malignant pleural mesothelioma under general anesthesia. (mesothelioma-line.com)
We present two infants in whom this technique was used to provide surgical anesthesia (without general anesthesia or airway manipulation) for two cases lasting more than 90 min. (journalmc.org)
The use of the epidural block in combination with general anesthesia for radical cystectomy and early onset of parenteral nutrition contribute to a lesser load on the patient's immune state, a reduction in complications in the postoperative period, an early preservation of nutritional status, and a reduction in the duration of treatment of patients with advanced bladder cancer. (org.ua)
We, here, report unique successful management of two pregnant women with multi-valvular heart disease, amongst severe mitral stenosis, who underwent elective lower segment cesarean section, under sole epidural anaesthesia on contrary to general or spinal anesthesia. (jiomnepal.com.np)
Local, regional, and spinal anesthesias are safe, effective, often more desirable procedures for ruminants than general anesthesia . (nih.gov)
A total of 60 patients that received intestinal cancer surgery under combined general/epidural anesthesia were treated and evaluated in this study. (healthcmi.com)
Our hospital offers many general surgery services that include a variety of common and elective procedures performed under general anesthesia. (vcahospitals.com)
TKA may be performed with the patient under regional or general anesthesia. (medscape.com)
Which of these is used depends partly on the medical condition of the patient, though cardiovascular outcomes, cognitive function, and mortality rates associated with regional and general anesthesia have not been proved to be significantly different. (medscape.com)
3 , 5 , - , 15 Allogeneic blood transfusion, not uncommon in large abdominal procedures, is also widely recognized as immunosuppressive, as are general anesthesia 16 , - , 19 and opioid analgesics. (silverchair.com)
Perform the operation using a combination of general and epidural anesthesia. (medscape.com)
Effects of CYP3A4 polymorphisms on efficiency of general anesthesia combined with epidural block in patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement. (cdc.gov)
for the types of general anesthesia manual TIVA, General Multimodal and Spinal anesthesia without sedation there were no cases of POD. (bvsalud.org)

Spinal anesthesia is one that is inserted directly into the spinal fluid and is used when a woman is in very active labor or to perform a cesarean section. (invitra.com)
There are studies showing that having a doula can lower the likelihood that a mother will end up with a Cesarean section or an epidural. (newyorker.com)
Past studies have repeatedly linked epidurals early in labor with higher rates of cesarean sections. (webmd.com)
But it has not been clear if early epidurals really increase the risk for cesarean sections or if needing pain relief early in labor is an indication that the delivery will be more difficult. (webmd.com)
Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted on 150 parturients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grades I and II, aged 18 to 35 years scheduled to undergo elective or emergency cesarean section under regional anesthesia. (riajournal.com)

An epidural block is a numbing medicine given by injection (shot) in a specific place in the back. (adam.com)
Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Neuraxial Steroid Administration: Does Epidural Injection Produce Pathologic Findings? (bmj.com)
Epidural anesthesia is administered to the pregnant woman as an injection in her lower back. (babychakra.com)
Suggested risk factors for the development of back pain following epidural anesthesia include preexisting back pain, a higher body mass index (BMI), the size of the Touhy needle, the injection technique, the duration of surgery, the patient's position during surgery, and the number of needle attempts [ 1 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Previous studies have evaluated the effects of an epidural steroid injection (ESI) on spinal stenosis, based on changes to the spinal canal diameter. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
[2] An epidural steroid injection (ESI) may be considered in patients whose condition does not improve with conservative care. (anesthesiaexperts.com)
After an epidural steroid injection, there is a risk of long-term side effects. (thewatchers.us)
After an epidural steroid injection, the body will start to release inflammatory chemicals and proteins. (thewatchers.us)
It can take up to two weeks for the full effect of the epidural steroid injection to kick in. (thewatchers.us)
If you experience exceptional pain after an epidural steroid injection, call your doctor right away. (thewatchers.us)
It is important to take precautions to prevent infection after an epidural steroid injection, including avoiding any wounds that may not have healed completely and using antibiotics as prescribed. (thewatchers.us)
It is important to keep track of any changes in your mood or physical abilities after an epidural steroid injection and contact your doctor if you experience any unusual symptoms. (thewatchers.us)

Localized tissue trauma during needle entry and excessive stretching of the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments are possible mechanisms for the development of back pain following neuraxial anesthesia [ 1 , 2 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between epidural block and major postoperative complications following pleurectomy/decortication. (mesothelioma-line.com)
This large cohort study found that epidural use is associated with improved survival in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer undergoing resection but does not support an association between epidural use and decreased cancer recurrence. (silverchair.com)

Epidural anesthesia is often used during labor and delivery, and surgery in the pelvis and legs. (medlineplus.gov)
One of the surprises was my response to epidural (spinal) anesthesia injections that are given to reduce pain during labor and delivery. (ijhc.org)
Because of the large number of healthy young women having epidurals during labor, even rare adverse events are important, especially if they are serious. (asahq.org)
In case you are getting an epidural for labor and delivery, then no sedatives will be provided to you, because we wanna make sure that you remember that moment in your life and that the baby is safe before delivery. (doctorpedia.com)
New research shows that having an epidural early in labor does not increase the chances of a C-section delivery and may even shorten delivery times. (webmd.com)
This practice is based on studies that have shown an association between giving an epidural during early labor and an increased risk of C-section delivery. (webmd.com)
Once it is clear that a woman is in active labor, she and her obstetrician or midwife can make the decision [about when to administer an epidural] based on her level of discomfort," says Camann. (webmd.com)
Even more significant, the average labor time among women who had vaginal deliveries was almost an hour and a half shorter in the early epidural group, and these women also reported better overall pain relief and less nausea and vomiting . (webmd.com)
I hope this makes physicians more comfortable with the idea that it is OK to give an epidural when a woman asks for pain relief early in labor without worrying that it will adversely affect the outcome," Wong says. (webmd.com)
These PPE recommendations did not differ from standard precautions, but they specifically discussed which PPE to use for casual contact, vaginal examinations, labor and delivery, anesthesia, and postpartum care. (cdc.gov)
Epidurals are the most widely used form of labor pain medication but side effects such as fever, itching, bad headaches and a slowed fetal heart rate are possible. (expectny.com)
Because epidurals slow labor, synthetic oxytocin (Pitocin) might be used to strengthen contractions. (expectny.com)
Hospitals can help you avoid an epidural by making other labor pain relief options available and supporting their use. (expectny.com)
A hospital with a lower epidural rate may be better at offering other help with comfort and pain relief during labor. (expectny.com)
A nurse came and went, giving me a catheter when I could not manage to pee on my own, and coaching me about pushing when the epidural started to wear off and it was time to begin serious labor. (bethechange2012.com)

Thoracic epidural anesthesia in cardiac surgery - Current standing. (who.int)

In spite of an extensive epidural block, hemodynamic changes induced by hypercarbnia were not changed. (sch.ac.kr)

[ 152 ] In turn, their fetus may have an increased heart rate associated with epidural anesthesia and maternal fever. (medscape.com)

Feasibility and safety of retrograde radical cystectomy under combined spinal and epidural anesthesia in high-risk and elderly patients. (e-urol-sci.com)

Introduction Hypotension following spinal anesthesia in obstetric patients is commonplace. (lacteoscienelac.com)

We are very pleased that a world class clinical organization like HSS sees the opportunity for our BrightPoint™ Epidural System to potentially become the standard of care. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Reducing the risk of anaphylaxis during anesthesia: 2011 updated guidelines for clinical practice. (springeropen.com)
Current role of dexmedetomidine in clinical anesthesia and intensive care. (thebluntdissection.org)

Epidural anesthesia - another type of pain relief your child may receive after surgery - is a way for doctors to put the pain medication close to the body part that hurts. (chop.edu)
Your child will then receive pain medication through the epidural catheter. (chop.edu)
Also called regional anesthesia, this is medication that we inject safely into your spine. (aahs.org)
In an editorial accompanying the study, Camann wrote that the findings make it clear that early epidural pain relief is a safe and effective option for women who choose to have medication . (webmd.com)
Epidural needles are used to deliver medication into the epidural space. (mycomedical.com)

The effect of this anesthesia varies depending on the dose administered: in small doses it eliminates pain and in large doses, it can produce a muscle block and paralysis. (invitra.com)
In anesthesia, additive drug interactions are used for reducing dose and dose-dependent side-effects. (medscape.com)
Recent strategies of anesthesia mainly use these synergistic drug-interactions to reduce the dose and dose dependent side-effect of single substances. (medscape.com)

Training programs in anesthesia for physicians were begun in 1928, and the practice of anesthesia was accepted as a legitimate specialty by the American Medical Association (AMA) in 1940. (nxtbook.com)

Discussion of the most suitable method of epidural administration of Ropivacainum in combination with narcotic analgesics is being continued. (rps-journal.ru)
This is due, in part, to the fact that improvements in anesthesia and better analgesics for relief of pain have made surgery less complex and risky (2). (cdc.gov)

Spinal and epidural anesthesia are procedures that deliver medicines that numb parts of your body to block pain. (medlineplus.gov)
Most people feel no pain during spinal and epidural anesthesia and recover fully. (medlineplus.gov)
The epidural catheter is a tiny tube placed under the skin near the nerves that help the body feel and control pain. (chop.edu)
Today, the epidural is the method preferred by pregnant women to give birth, because it allows them to enjoy the arrival of their child with all the sensations, but without feeling pain. (invitra.com)
Once introduced, the epidural anesthesia takes effect gradually and in about 10-15 minutes the woman already feels pain relief. (invitra.com)
Approximately 21 hours after initiation of anesthesia, patient B experienced headache, back and neck pain, and nausea. (cdc.gov)
The primary endpoint of this study was to compare the incidence and severity of back pain following midline and paramedian epidural technique. (anesth-pain-med.org)
This prospective randomized study included 114 patients receiving thoracic epidural catheterization for pain management following upper abdominal or thoracic surgery. (anesth-pain-med.org)
The total incidence of back pain following epidural anesthesia was 23.8% in the midline group and 7.8% in the paramedian group. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Previous study demonstrated that 4% (54/1,191) of patients were not satisfied with spinal anesthesia, and 29% of dissatisfied patients stated that back pain was the reason for their dissatisfaction [ 1 ]. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Among these risk factors, the effect of the epidural technique on the occurrence of back pain was not specifically investigated. (anesth-pain-med.org)
The midline technique always penetrates the spinal ligaments during epidural entry, resulting in the potential occurrence of back pain. (anesth-pain-med.org)
Lumoptik and HSS aim to develop cutting-edge technologies and products to assist with epidurals, pain management procedures and other potential orthopedic and neurology uses, in addition to clinically evaluating Lumoptik's BrightPoint™ System for assisting with epidurals. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Half the women were given epidurals as soon as they asked for pain relief, and the other half were initially given a narcotic painkiller until their cervixes dilated to 4 cm. (webmd.com)
The women in the study received epidurals designed to maximize pain relief while minimizing muscle impairment. (webmd.com)
These innovations have spread beyond the discipline of anesthesia into other branches of medical practice such as neurosurgery, nursing, emergency medicine, and pain medicine. (nxtbook.com)
The epidural steroid will reduce nerve pain and inflammation. (thewatchers.us)
The most common side effects following epidural steroid injections include headache, back pain, and fever. (thewatchers.us)
Epidural steroid injections are commonly used to relieve pain from spinal stenosis or other conditions. (thewatchers.us)
A safe and effective local anesthesia, which is one of the most frequent and important approaches for controlling the pain in Dentistry, is essential towards achieving the patient care. (bvsalud.org)
What is the Epidural Pain Relief Measure? (expectny.com)
The epidural pain relief measure is the percentage of woman who received epidural pain relief while having a vaginal birth. (expectny.com)
What does epidural pain relief mean for me and my baby? (expectny.com)
Epidural pain relief can also make pushing more difficult and make interventions such as forceps or C-section more likely. (expectny.com)
As a result, many women prefer to have access to drug-free measures (such as tubs, showers and birth balls) or other types of pain medicine (such as nitrous oxide) and give birth without using epidural pain relief. (expectny.com)
Why do hospital epidural pain relief rates matter? (expectny.com)
Your likelihood of receiving epidural pain relief can be influenced by the hospital where you give birth. (expectny.com)
If giving birth without epidural pain relief is a high priority or you're interested in exploring other pain relief options, looking for a hospital with a lower epidural rate may help you find an environment that will support your wishes. (expectny.com)
Make sure that your doctor or midwife knows whether or under what conditions you want to receive epidural pain relief. (expectny.com)
Despite my plan not to have an epidural, the waves of pain became so great, as I lay there on my back on the gurney, strapped to a fetal monitor, that I quickly accepted one when it was offered. (bethechange2012.com)

Combinations of different drugs, acting synergistically or in addition to one another, are commonly used in anesthesia: opioids in combination with hypnotics. (medscape.com)

It is currently established that epidural anesthesia in newborns and infants is recommended as a safe and effective method of anesthesia. (rps-journal.ru)
Because of its short duration of action, spinal anesthesia in infants is generally limited to procedures lasting less than 70 - 75 min. (journalmc.org)

Tell your doctor about any allergies or health conditions you have, what medicines you are taking, and what anesthesia or sedation you have had before. (medlineplus.gov)

The recovery of spinal anesthesia is assessed through a scale defined in 1979 by Bromage and is based exclusively on the return of motor function and does not take into account the recovery of ANS activity. (bvsalud.org)

To avoid this limitation, we report a technique combining spinal and caudal epidural anesthesia. (journalmc.org)

I remember vividly, explaining my decision to pursue obstetrical anesthesia to my grandmother. (silverchair.com)
I did not see the harm this can bring until I rotated through obstetrical anesthesia, and I noticed Spanish-speaking Latina females refusing epidurals at a much higher rate than Caucasian or African-American women. (silverchair.com)

It was not until later that she learned that she could have undergone vaginal birth with epidurals or other painkillers. (worldcrunch.com)

This article will focus on the use of regional anesthesia as a postoperative analgesic technique for orthopedic surgery. (medscape.com)
[ 2 , 3 ] In addition, in certain operations, such as total hip arthroplasty (THA), the use of regional anesthesia may be associated with certain positive trends such as reduced blood loss and reduced rates of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). (medscape.com)
Local, Regional, and Spinal Anesthesia in Ruminants. (nih.gov)
When it is a regional anesthesia alongside an ordinary an individual it you should incorporates perfect feedback. (daqswitchgear.com)
Irrespective of whether regional anesthesia happens to be at heart, infrequently you may have to go to get to sleep. (daqswitchgear.com)

This set provides the rapid onset of a spinal block, allowing anesthesia to be prolonged via an epidural catheter. (smiths-medical.com)
We put monitors on your chest to check on your heart rate, we check on your blood pressure, we check on your oxygen level, and you may get a mask with oxygen to help maintain your oxygenation while we perform the epidural block. (doctorpedia.com)
Performance of a spinal/epidural block produces vasodilatation within the blocked area and a reflex vasoconstriction in unblocked areas of the body to maintain blood pressure [1]. (lacteoscienelac.com)
Extensive epidural block may impair the sympathetic innervation to the heart as well as to the adrenal gland. (sch.ac.kr)
The present study was set up in order to investigate how an extensive epidural block would affect the hemodynamic response to sympathetic stimulation induced by hypercapnia. (sch.ac.kr)
anesthesia kit, epidural block, continu. (fda.gov)
Although epidural block, which suppresses nociception during and after surgery, reportedly has both benefits and disadvantages in terms of outcomes after thoracic surgery for other diseases, the effects of epidural block on major complications after pleurectomy/decortication have not been evaluated. (mesothelioma-line.com)
The incidence of major complications was 32.3% (95% CI 19.1% to 49.2%) in patients with epidural block (n=34), which was significantly lower than 63.1% (95% CI 50.9% to 73.8%) in patients with epidural block (n=65). (mesothelioma-line.com)
Taking into account the fact that it is the cellular link of the immune system that plays the main role in the implementation of the antitumor immune response, providing the overall antitumor resistance of the organism, it seems promising to use the epidural block and early parenteral nutrition in patients operated on advanced bladder cancer. (org.ua)

EditorFollowing the recent case series of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) as an indication for epidural blood patch,1 we report a severe case presen We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website.By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. (lacteoscienelac.com)

Hence, among other factors, it is important for local anesthetics to show rapid onset of action, provide adequate duration of anesthesia, and be composed by substances (i.e. local anesthetics, vasoconstrictors) with minimal or no systemic toxicity 1-2 . (bvsalud.org)

The Portex ® Portfolio now includes the NRFit ® connector with full solutions for epidural, spinal, and CSE Infusion procedures. (smiths-medical.com)

Two University of Virginia alumni have built a new spine-finding device that is giving the practice of identifying the correct insertion point for epidurals and other forms of spinal anesthesia, a much-needed upgrade. (jesusnanak.com)

To determine whether other cases of health-care--associated bacterial meningitis had occurred, the hospital conducted a 6-month retrospective review among postpartum patients who received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. (cdc.gov)

These spinal and epidural needle sets help provide increased confidence of correct spinal needle tip position. (smiths-medical.com)
In the midline technique, the needle is advanced under the lower margin of the spinous process of the targeted upper vertebrae and passes in the order of the supraspinous ligament, interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum, and the epidural space. (anesth-pain-med.org)
The BrightPoint™ Epidural Needle Guidance System, Lumoptik's first product, is a low cost, easy to use device which can help clinicians better perform epidurals using the standard-of-care Loss of Resistance (LOR) technique. (weeklyreviewer.com)
HSS looks forward to working with Lumoptik to evaluate and assess the BrightPoint™ Epidural Needle Guidance System and work on new uses for Lumoptik's innovative platform technology," said Michael P. Ast , MD , chief medical innovation officer and a joint replacement surgeon at HSS. (weeklyreviewer.com)
Will the RELI®Tuohy Epidural needle damage a catheter? (mycomedical.com)
The most common RELI®Tuohy epidural needle for single-shot epidural is the 20G while the 17G or 18G needles are the most common for continuous epidurals. (mycomedical.com)

Healthcare providers and the public should be aware that patients who underwent medical or surgical procedures under epidural anesthesia in Matamoros, Mexico, and who have developed signs or symptoms of possible meningitis (e.g., fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, altered mental status) should promptly seek evaluation by a healthcare provider and convey that medical history. (cdc.gov)
A total of 60 patients between the age group 18-60 years of ASA I and II physical status, scheduled to undergo various surgical procedures on the lower limb under epidural anaesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups and a prospective double blind study was conducted. (ispub.com)

This volume works to clarify all of the subjects pertinent to anesthesia and the brain, from their variety, modes of action, and adverse effects. (elsevier.com)
The adverse effects of epidural anesthesia on the mother and her newborn continue to be unresolved issues. (medscape.com)
A list of any allergies or adverse reactions you have had to drugs or anesthesia in the past. (orthonewengland.com)

Anatomy12

Organisms3

Diseases21

Chemicals and Drugs84

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment97

Psychiatry and Psychology6

Phenomena and Processes27

Disciplines and Occupations5

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena1

Technology, Industry, Agriculture1

Information Science2

Named Groups1

Health Care27

Spinal epidural abscess associated with epidural catheterization: report of a case and a review of the literature. (1/613)

Comparison of three solutions of ropivacaine/fentanyl for postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia. (2/613)

Ballistic shock wave lithotripsy in an 18-year-old thoroughbred gelding. (3/613)

Assessing introduction of spinal anaesthesia for obstetric procedures. (4/613)

Quantitative and selective assessment of sensory block during lumbar epidural anaesthesia with 1% or 2% lidocaine. (5/613)

Epidural catheter tip position and distribution of injectate evaluated by computed tomography. (6/613)

Anaesthetic management of a woman who became paraplegic at 22 weeks' gestation after a spontaneous spinal cord haemorrhage secondary to a presumed arteriovenous malformation. (7/613)

Spinal versus epidural anesthesia for cesarean section in severely preeclamptic patients: a retrospective survey. (8/613)

Anesthesia, General

Anesthesia

Anesthesia, Local

Anesthesia, Epidural

Anesthesia, Spinal

Anesthesia, Inhalation

Anesthesia, Conduction

Anesthesia, Intravenous

Anesthesia, Obstetrical

Anesthesia Recovery Period

Anesthesia, Dental

Anesthetics, Inhalation

Anesthetics, Intravenous

Adjuvants, Anesthesia

Propofol

Isoflurane

Methyl Ethers

Anesthesiology

Anesthetics, Local

Anesthetics, Combined

Monitoring, Intraoperative

Anesthetics

Nitrous Oxide

Halothane

Lidocaine

Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit

Fentanyl

Anesthetics, General

Bupivacaine

Preanesthetic Medication

Ketamine

Ambulatory Surgical Procedures

Nerve Block

Thiopental

Anesthesia, Caudal

Pentobarbital

Anesthetics, Dissociative

Enflurane

Xylazine

Intubation, Intratracheal

Anesthesia Department, Hospital

Conscious Sedation

Anesthesia, Intratracheal

Intraoperative Complications

Pain, Postoperative

Intraoperative Period

Anesthesia and Analgesia

Cesarean Section

Prilocaine

Methohexital

Electroencephalography

Mepivacaine

Consciousness

Alfentanil

Hypnotics and Sedatives

Surgical Procedures, Minor

Xenon

Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents

Ethers

Midazolam

Prospective Studies

Hemodynamics

Ether

Surgical Procedures, Operative

Chloralose

Double-Blind Method

Postoperative Complications

Heart Rate

Analgesics, Opioid

Sufentanil

Consciousness Monitors

Laryngeal Masks

Medetomidine

Neuromuscular Blocking Agents

Time Factors

Carticaine

Intraoperative Awareness

Blood Pressure

Pain Measurement