Anemia pernicious. Medical search

Anemia: A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN.Anemia, Aplastic: A form of anemia in which the bone marrow fails to produce adequate numbers of peripheral blood elements.Anemia, Hemolytic: A condition of inadequate circulating red blood cells (ANEMIA) or insufficient HEMOGLOBIN due to premature destruction of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES).Fanconi Anemia: Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune: Acquired hemolytic anemia due to the presence of AUTOANTIBODIES which agglutinate or lyse the patient's own RED BLOOD CELLS.Anemia, Hypochromic: Anemia characterized by a decrease in the ratio of the weight of hemoglobin to the volume of the erythrocyte, i.e., the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is less than normal. The individual cells contain less hemoglobin than they could have under optimal conditions. Hypochromic anemia may be caused by iron deficiency from a low iron intake, diminished iron absorption, or excessive iron loss. It can also be caused by infections or other diseases, therapeutic drugs, lead poisoning, and other conditions. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Miale, Laboratory Medicine: Hematology, 6th ed, p393)Anemia, Macrocytic: Anemia characterized by larger than normal erythrocytes, increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH).Anemia, Pernicious: A megaloblastic anemia occurring in children but more commonly in later life, characterized by histamine-fast achlorhydria, in which the laboratory and clinical manifestations are based on malabsorption of vitamin B 12 due to a failure of the gastric mucosa to secrete adequate and potent intrinsic factor. (Dorland, 27th ed)Anemia, Sickle Cell: A disease characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs. It is the clinical expression of homozygosity for hemoglobin S.Anemia, Sideroblastic: Anemia characterized by the presence of erythroblasts containing excessive deposits of iron in the marrow.Anemia, Megaloblastic: A disorder characterized by the presence of ANEMIA, abnormally large red blood cells (megalocytes or macrocytes), and MEGALOBLASTS.Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine: A species of LENTIVIRUS, subgenus equine lentiviruses (LENTIVIRUSES, EQUINE), causing acute and chronic infection in horses. It is transmitted mechanically by biting flies, mosquitoes, and midges, and iatrogenically through unsterilized equipment. Chronic infection often consists of acute episodes with remissions.Hemoglobins: The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.Anemia, Refractory: A severe sometimes chronic anemia, usually macrocytic in type, that does not respond to ordinary antianemic therapy.Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital: Hemolytic anemia due to various intrinsic defects of the erythrocyte.Equine Infectious Anemia: Viral disease of horses caused by the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV; INFECTIOUS ANEMIA VIRUS, EQUINE). It is characterized by intermittent fever, weakness, and anemia. Chronic infection consists of acute episodes with remissions.Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation.Chicken anemia virus: The type species of GYROVIRUS, a small, non-enveloped DNA virus originally isolated from contaminated vaccines in Japan. It causes chicken infectious anemia and may possibly play a key role in hemorrhagic anemia syndrome, anemia dermatitis, and blue wing disease.Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital: A familial disorder characterized by ANEMIA with multinuclear ERYTHROBLASTS, karyorrhexis, asynchrony of nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, and various nuclear abnormalities of bone marrow erythrocyte precursors (ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS). Type II is the most common of the 3 types; it is often referred to as HEMPAS, based on the Hereditary Erythroblast Multinuclearity with Positive Acidified Serum test.Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan: A rare congenital hypoplastic anemia that usually presents early in infancy. The disease is characterized by a moderate to severe macrocytic anemia, occasional neutropenia or thrombocytosis, a normocellular bone marrow with erythroid hypoplasia, and an increased risk of developing leukemia. (Curr Opin Hematol 2000 Mar;7(2):85-94)Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group Proteins: A diverse group of proteins whose genetic MUTATIONS have been associated with the chromosomal instability syndrome FANCONI ANEMIA. Many of these proteins play important roles in protecting CELLS against OXIDATIVE STRESS.Iron: A metallic element with atomic symbol Fe, atomic number 26, and atomic weight 55.85. It is an essential constituent of HEMOGLOBINS; CYTOCHROMES; and IRON-BINDING PROTEINS. It plays a role in cellular redox reactions and in the transport of OXYGEN.Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and a blood disease (HEMATOLOGIC DISEASES) which involves BLOOD CELLS or COAGULATION FACTORS. The hematologic disease may precede or follow FERTILIZATION and it may or may not have a deleterious effect on the pregnant woman or FETUS.Anemia, Neonatal: The mildest form of erythroblastosis fetalis in which anemia is the chief manifestation.Hematinics: Agents which improve the quality of the blood, increasing the hemoglobin level and the number of erythrocytes. They are used in the treatment of anemias.Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts: Chronic refractory anemia with granulocytopenia, and/or thrombocytopenia. Myeloblasts and progranulocytes constitute 5 to 40 percent of the nucleated marrow cells.Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group C Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that regulates the activities of CYTOCHROME P450 REDUCTASE and GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASE. It is found predominately in the CYTOPLASM, but moves to the CELL NUCLEUS in response to FANCE PROTEIN.Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group D2 Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that undergoes mono-ubiquitination by FANCL PROTEIN in response to DNA DAMAGE. Also, in response to IONIZING RADIATION it can undergo PHOSPHORYLATION by ataxia telangiectasia mutated protein. Modified FANCD2 interacts with BRCA2 PROTEIN in a stable complex with CHROMATIN, and it is involved in DNA REPAIR by homologous RECOMBINATION.Hematocrit: The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group A Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that is the most commonly mutated protein in FANCONI ANEMIA. It undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by PROTEIN KINASE B and forms a complex with FANCC PROTEIN in the CELL NUCLEUS.Erythropoiesis: The production of red blood cells (ERYTHROCYTES). In humans, erythrocytes are produced by the YOLK SAC in the first trimester; by the liver in the second trimester; by the BONE MARROW in the third trimester and after birth. In normal individuals, the erythrocyte count in the peripheral blood remains relatively constant implying a balance between the rate of erythrocyte production and rate of destruction.Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital Nonspherocytic: Any one of a group of congenital hemolytic anemias in which there is no abnormal hemoglobin or spherocytosis and in which there is a defect of glycolysis in the erythrocyte. Common causes include deficiencies in GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; PYRUVATE KINASE; and GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE.Pallor: A clinical manifestation consisting of an unnatural paleness of the skin.Erythrocyte Count: The number of RED BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD.Ferritins: Iron-containing proteins that are widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms. Their major function is to store IRON in a nontoxic bioavailable form. Each ferritin molecule consists of ferric iron in a hollow protein shell (APOFERRITINS) made of 24 subunits of various sequences depending on the species and tissue types.Erythrocyte Indices: ERYTHROCYTE size and HEMOGLOBIN content or concentration, usually derived from ERYTHROCYTE COUNT; BLOOD hemoglobin concentration; and HEMATOCRIT. The indices include the mean corpuscular volume (MCV), the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC).Hemoglobinometry: Measurement of hemoglobin concentration in blood.Blood Transfusion: The introduction of whole blood or blood component directly into the blood stream. (Dorland, 27th ed)Erythrocytes: Red blood cells. Mature erythrocytes are non-nucleated, biconcave disks containing HEMOGLOBIN whose function is to transport OXYGEN.Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group G Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that undergoes PHOSPHORYLATION by CDC2 PROTEIN KINASE during MITOSIS. It forms a complex with other FANCONI ANEMIA PROTEINS and helps protect CELLS from DNA DAMAGE by genotoxic agents.Coombs Test: A test to detect non-agglutinating ANTIBODIES against ERYTHROCYTES by use of anti-antibodies (the Coombs' reagent.) The direct test is applied to freshly drawn blood to detect antibody bound to circulating red cells. The indirect test is applied to serum to detect the presence of antibodies that can bind to red blood cells.Reticulocyte Count: The number of RETICULOCYTES per unit volume of BLOOD. The values are expressed as a percentage of the ERYTHROCYTE COUNT or in the form of an index ("corrected reticulocyte index"), which attempts to account for the number of circulating erythrocytes.Iron, Dietary: Iron or iron compounds used in foods or as food. Dietary iron is important in oxygen transport and the synthesis of the iron-porphyrin proteins hemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes, and cytochrome oxidase. Insufficient amounts of dietary iron can lead to iron-deficiency anemia.Iron Compounds: Organic and inorganic compounds that contain iron as an integral part of the molecule.Hepcidins: Forms of hepcidin, a cationic amphipathic peptide synthesized in the liver as a prepropeptide which is first processed into prohepcidin and then into the biologically active hepcidin forms, including in human the 20-, 22-, and 25-amino acid residue peptide forms. Hepcidin acts as a homeostatic regulators of iron metabolism and also possesses antimicrobial activity.Erythrocytes, Abnormal: Oxygen-carrying RED BLOOD CELLS in mammalian blood that are abnormal in structure or function.Erythrocyte Transfusion: The transfer of erythrocytes from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor.Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.Vitamin B 12 Deficiency: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 12 in the diet, characterized by megaloblastic anemia. Since vitamin B 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in vitamin B 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined defect involving myelin synthesis. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p848)Erythrocyte Aging: The senescence of RED BLOOD CELLS. Lacking the organelles that make protein synthesis possible, the mature erythrocyte is incapable of self-repair, reproduction, and carrying out certain functions performed by other cells. This limits the average life span of an erythrocyte to 120 days.Bone Marrow: The soft tissue filling the cavities of bones. Bone marrow exists in two types, yellow and red. Yellow marrow is found in the large cavities of large bones and consists mostly of fat cells and a few primitive blood cells. Red marrow is a hematopoietic tissue and is the site of production of erythrocytes and granular leukocytes. Bone marrow is made up of a framework of connective tissue containing branching fibers with the frame being filled with marrow cells.beta-Thalassemia: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.Isavirus: A genus in the family ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE containing one species: Infectious salmon anemia virus.Pancytopenia: Deficiency of all three cell elements of the blood, erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets.Thalassemia: A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias in which there is decreased synthesis of one or more hemoglobin polypeptide chains. There are several genetic types with clinical pictures ranging from barely detectable hematologic abnormality to severe and fatal anemia.Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group F Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein. It is an essential component of a nuclear core complex that protects the GENOME against CHROMOSOMAL INSTABILITY. It interacts directly with FANCG PROTEIN and helps stabilize a complex with FANCA PROTEIN and FANCC PROTEIN.Phenylhydrazines: Diazo derivatives of aniline, used as a reagent for sugars, ketones, and aldehydes. (Dorland, 28th ed)Fanconi Anemia Complementation Group E Protein: A Fanconi anemia complementation group protein that interacts with FANCC PROTEIN and FANCD2 PROTEIN. It promotes the accumulation of FANCC protein in the CELL NUCLEUS.Fetal Hemoglobin: The major component of hemoglobin in the fetus. This HEMOGLOBIN has two alpha and two gamma polypeptide subunits in comparison to normal adult hemoglobin, which has two alpha and two beta polypeptide subunits. Fetal hemoglobin concentrations can be elevated (usually above 0.5%) in children and adults affected by LEUKEMIA and several types of ANEMIA.Malaria: A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.Blood Cell Count: The number of LEUKOCYTES and ERYTHROCYTES per unit volume in a sample of venous BLOOD. A complete blood count (CBC) also includes measurement of the HEMOGLOBIN; HEMATOCRIT; and ERYTHROCYTE INDICES.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Folic Acid Deficiency: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of FOLIC ACID in the diet. Many plant and animal tissues contain folic acid, abundant in green leafy vegetables, yeast, liver, and mushrooms but destroyed by long-term cooking. Alcohol interferes with its intermediate metabolism and absorption. Folic acid deficiency may develop in long-term anticonvulsant therapy or with use of oral contraceptives. This deficiency causes anemia, macrocytic anemia, and megaloblastic anemia. It is indistinguishable from vitamin B 12 deficiency in peripheral blood and bone marrow findings, but the neurologic lesions seen in B 12 deficiency do not occur. (Merck Manual, 16th ed)Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.Horses: Large, hoofed mammals of the family EQUIDAE. Horses are active day and night with most of the day spent seeking and consuming food. Feeding peaks occur in the early morning and late afternoon, and there are several daily periods of rest.Splenomegaly: Enlargement of the spleen.Erythroblasts: Immature, nucleated ERYTHROCYTES occupying the stage of ERYTHROPOIESIS that follows formation of ERYTHROID PRECURSOR CELLS and precedes formation of RETICULOCYTES. The normal series is called normoblasts. Cells called MEGALOBLASTS are a pathologic series of erythroblasts.Osmotic Fragility: RED BLOOD CELL sensitivity to change in OSMOTIC PRESSURE. When exposed to a hypotonic concentration of sodium in a solution, red cells take in more water, swell until the capacity of the cell membrane is exceeded, and burst.Reticulocytes: Immature ERYTHROCYTES. In humans, these are ERYTHROID CELLS that have just undergone extrusion of their CELL NUCLEUS. They still contain some organelles that gradually decrease in number as the cells mature. RIBOSOMES are last to disappear. Certain staining techniques cause components of the ribosomes to precipitate into characteristic "reticulum" (not the same as the ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM), hence the name reticulocytes.Antilymphocyte Serum: Serum containing GAMMA-GLOBULINS which are antibodies for lymphocyte ANTIGENS. It is used both as a test for HISTOCOMPATIBILITY and therapeutically in TRANSPLANTATION.Parasitemia: The presence of parasites (especially malarial parasites) in the blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Ferrous Compounds: Inorganic or organic compounds that contain divalent iron.Recombinant Proteins: Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.Iron Overload: An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1989)Kidney Failure, Chronic: The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.Heinz Bodies: Abnormal intracellular inclusions, composed of denatured hemoglobin, found on the membrane of red blood cells. They are seen in thalassemias, enzymopathies, hemoglobinopathies, and after splenectomy.Hookworm Infections: Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ANCYLOSTOMIASIS and NECATORIASIS are available.Receptors, Transferrin: Membrane glycoproteins found in high concentrations on iron-utilizing cells. They specifically bind iron-bearing transferrin, are endocytosed with its ligand and then returned to the cell surface where transferrin without its iron is released.Hemoglobinopathies: A group of inherited disorders characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin molecule.Thrombocytopenia: A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.Hemoglobin, Sickle: An abnormal hemoglobin resulting from the substitution of valine for glutamic acid at position 6 of the beta chain of the globin moiety. The heterozygous state results in sickle cell trait, the homozygous in sickle cell anemia.Malaria, Falciparum: Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.Intrinsic Factor: A glycoprotein secreted by the cells of the GASTRIC GLANDS that is required for the absorption of VITAMIN B 12 (cyanocobalamin). Deficiency of intrinsic factor leads to VITAMIN B 12 DEFICIENCY and ANEMIA, PERNICIOUS.alpha-Thalassemia: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the alpha chains of hemoglobin. The severity of this condition can vary from mild anemia to death, depending on the number of genes deleted.Spherocytosis, Hereditary: A group of familial congenital hemolytic anemias characterized by numerous abnormally shaped erythrocytes which are generally spheroidal. The erythrocytes have increased osmotic fragility and are abnormally permeable to sodium ions.Rh Isoimmunization: The process by which fetal Rh+ erythrocytes enter the circulation of an Rh- mother, causing her to produce IMMUNOGLOBULIN G antibodies, which can cross the placenta and destroy the erythrocytes of Rh+ fetuses. Rh isoimmunization can also be caused by BLOOD TRANSFUSION with mismatched blood.Chronic Disease: Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care. (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed)Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides: Small cationic peptides that are an important component, in most species, of early innate and induced defenses against invading microbes. In animals they are found on mucosal surfaces, within phagocytic granules, and on the surface of the body. They are also found in insects and plants. Among others, this group includes the DEFENSINS, protegrins, tachyplesins, and thionins. They displace DIVALENT CATIONS from phosphate groups of MEMBRANE LIPIDS leading to disruption of the membrane.Hemolysis: The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.Tanzania: A republic in eastern Africa, south of UGANDA and north of MOZAMBIQUE. Its capital is Dar es Salaam. It was formed in 1964 by a merger of the countries of TANGANYIKA and ZANZIBAR.Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Erythroid Precursor Cells: The cells in the erythroid series derived from MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS or from the bi-potential MEGAKARYOCYTE-ERYTHROID PROGENITOR CELLS which eventually give rise to mature RED BLOOD CELLS. The erythroid progenitor cells develop in two phases: erythroid burst-forming units (BFU-E) followed by erythroid colony-forming units (CFU-E); BFU-E differentiate into CFU-E on stimulation by ERYTHROPOIETIN, and then further differentiate into ERYTHROBLASTS when stimulated by other factors.Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic: The co-occurrence of pregnancy and parasitic diseases. The parasitic infection may precede or follow FERTILIZATION.Antisickling Agents: Agents used to prevent or reverse the pathological events leading to sickling of erythrocytes in sickle cell conditions.Parvovirus B19, Human: The type species of ERYTHROVIRUS and the etiological agent of ERYTHEMA INFECTIOSUM, a disease most commonly seen in school-age children.Folic Acid: A member of the vitamin B family that stimulates the hematopoietic system. It is present in the liver and kidney and is found in mushrooms, spinach, yeast, green leaves, and grasses (POACEAE). Folic acid is used in the treatment and prevention of folate deficiencies and megaloblastic anemia.Pica: The persistent eating of nonnutritive substances for a period of at least one month. (DSM-IV)Nutritional Status: State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.Hemoglobins, Abnormal: Hemoglobins characterized by structural alterations within the molecule. The alteration can be either absence, addition or substitution of one or more amino acids in the globin part of the molecule at selected positions in the polypeptide chains.Parvoviridae Infections: Virus infections caused by the PARVOVIRIDAE.Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal: A condition characterized by the recurrence of HEMOGLOBINURIA caused by intravascular HEMOLYSIS. In cases occurring upon cold exposure (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria), usually after infections, there is a circulating antibody which is also a cold hemolysin. In cases occurring during or after sleep (paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria), the clonal hematopoietic stem cells exhibit a global deficiency of cell membrane proteins.Malnutrition: An imbalanced nutritional status resulted from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Splenectomy: Surgical procedure involving either partial or entire removal of the spleen.Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: A disease-producing enzyme deficiency subject to many variants, some of which cause a deficiency of GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE activity in erythrocytes, leading to hemolytic anemia.Hematologic Diseases: Disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues.Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.Reticulocytosis: An increase in circulating RETICULOCYTES, which is among the simplest and most reliable signs of accelerated ERYTHROCYTE production. Reticulocytosis occurs during active BLOOD regeneration (stimulation of red bone marrow) and in certain types of ANEMIA, particularly CONGENITAL HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA.Renal Dialysis: Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.Kenya: A republic in eastern Africa, south of ETHIOPIA, west of SOMALIA with TANZANIA to its south, and coastline on the Indian Ocean. Its capital is Nairobi.Bone Marrow Diseases Hematologic Tests: Tests used in the analysis of the hemic system.Sickle Cell Trait: The condition of being heterozygous for hemoglobin S.Salmo salar: A commercially important species of SALMON in the family SALMONIDAE, order SALMONIFORMES, which occurs in the North Atlantic.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine: In utero transfusion of BLOOD into the FETUS for the treatment of FETAL DISEASES, such as fetal erythroblastosis (ERYTHROBLASTOSIS, FETAL).Severity of Illness Index: Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase: An enzyme of the transferase class that catalyzes condensation of the succinyl group from succinyl coenzyme A with glycine to form delta-aminolevulinate. It is a pyridoxyal phosphate protein and the reaction occurs in mitochondria as the first step of the heme biosynthetic pathway. The enzyme is a key regulatory enzyme in heme biosynthesis. In liver feedback is inhibited by heme. EC 2.3.1.37.Dietary Supplements: Products in capsule, tablet or liquid form that provide dietary ingredients, and that are intended to be taken by mouth to increase the intake of nutrients. Dietary supplements can include macronutrients, such as proteins, carbohydrates, and fats; and/or MICRONUTRIENTS, such as VITAMINS; MINERALS; and PHYTOCHEMICALS.Thrombocytosis: Increased numbers of platelets in the peripheral blood. (Dorland, 27th ed)Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Hemoglobin E: An abnormal hemoglobin that results from the substitution of lysine for glutamic acid at position 26 of the beta chain. It is most frequently observed in southeast Asian populations.Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure: Suppression of erythropoiesis with little or no abnormality of leukocyte or platelet production.Glucaric Acid: A sugar acid derived from D-glucose in which both the aldehydic carbon atom and the carbon atom bearing the primary hydroxyl group are oxidized to carboxylic acid groups.Hematopoiesis: The development and formation of various types of BLOOD CELLS. Hematopoiesis can take place in the BONE MARROW (medullary) or outside the bone marrow (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY).Bone Marrow Transplantation: The transference of BONE MARROW from one human or animal to another for a variety of purposes including HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION or MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION.Erythroblastosis, Fetal: A condition characterized by the abnormal presence of ERYTHROBLASTS in the circulation of the FETUS or NEWBORNS. It is a disorder due to BLOOD GROUP INCOMPATIBILITY, such as the maternal alloimmunization by fetal antigen RH FACTORS leading to HEMOLYSIS of ERYTHROCYTES, hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC), general edema (HYDROPS FETALIS), and SEVERE JAUNDICE IN NEWBORN.Protoporphyrins: Porphyrins with four methyl, two vinyl, and two propionic acid side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. Protoporphyrin IX occurs in hemoglobin, myoglobin, and most of the cytochromes.Kidney Diseases: Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.Immunosuppressive Agents: Agents that suppress immune function by one of several mechanisms of action. Classical cytotoxic immunosuppressants act by inhibiting DNA synthesis. Others may act through activation of T-CELLS or by inhibiting the activation of HELPER CELLS. While immunosuppression has been brought about in the past primarily to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, new applications involving mediation of the effects of INTERLEUKINS and other CYTOKINES are emerging.Iron Isotopes: Stable iron atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iron, but differ in atomic weight. Fe-54, 57, and 58 are stable iron isotopes.Drug Administration Schedule: Time schedule for administration of a drug in order to achieve optimum effectiveness and convenience.Food, Fortified: Any food that has been supplemented with essential nutrients either in quantities that are greater than those present normally, or which are not present in the food normally. Fortified food includes also food to which various nutrients have been added to compensate for those removed by refinement or processing. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)Bone Marrow Examination: Removal of bone marrow and evaluation of its histologic picture.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Ghana: A republic in western Africa, south of BURKINA FASO and west of TOGO. Its capital is Accra.

Autoantibodies to gastrin in patients with pernicious anaemia--a novel antibody. (1/227)

Autoantibodies arise when there is a breakdown in immunological tolerance. Autoantibodies to parietal cells and intrinsic factor are found in autoimmune atrophic gastritis (AAG) and are associated with elevated plasma gastrin. Endogenous gastrin autoantibodies have not been described to date. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of autoantibodies to gastrin. Plasma from 50,000 patients, including more than 2000 with AAG, was tested. Gastrin was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in whole plasma and the presence of autoantibody determined by using a control which omitted assay antibody. The quantity and affinity of gastrin autoantibodies was assessed. Three patients had autoantibodies to gastrin. All three had AAG and pernicious anaemia (PA). The antibodies were of low titre and relatively high affinity. Free circulating plasma gastrin levels were within the normal range, but total gastrin levels were elevated. This is the first description of autoantibodies to endogenous gastrin. The incidence of antibodies to gastrin is low, they are found in association with PA, and they may lead to falsely low measurements of plasma gastrin. (+info)

Potential difference across the normal and the abnormal gastric mucosa in man. (2/227)

The mucosal potential difference in the body of the stomach was measured in 18 patients with gastric ulcers, five with gastritis, and three with pernicious anaemia. The results were compared with those of 12 normal volunteers. Significantly lower than normal levels were found in the groups of patients with gastric ulcers and gastritis. The patients with pernicious anaemia had even lower potential differences. In an additional 25 subjects, measurements were made in the duodenal bulb and at five sites in the stomach under direct vision at endoscopy. Biopsies were taken from each site for histology. Subjects with gastritis at the high lesser curve had a significantly lower potential difference at that site than those without gastritis. In the latter group, the potential difference at the high lesser curve was as low as in the antrum, and invariably lower than at the high greater curve. (+info)

Immunomodulation by vitamin B12: augmentation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and natural killer (NK) cell activity in vitamin B12-deficient patients by methyl-B12 treatment. (3/227)

It has been suggested that vitamin B12 (vit.B12) plays an important role in immune system regulation, but the details are still obscure. In order to examine the action of vit.B12 on cells of the human immune system, lymphocyte subpopulations and NK cell activity were evaluated in 11 patients with vit.B12 deficiency anaemia and in 13 control subjects. Decreases in the number of lymphocytes and CD8+ cells and in the proportion of CD4+ cells, an abnormally high CD4/CD8 ratio, and suppressed NK cell activity were noted in patients compared with control subjects. In all 11 patients and eight control subjects, these immune parameters were evaluated before and after methyl-B12 injection. The lymphocyte counts and number of CD8+ cells increased both in patients and in control subjects. The high CD4/CD8 ratio and suppressed NK cell activity were improved by methyl-B12 treatment. Augmentation of CD3-CD16+ cells occurred in patients after methyl-B12 treatment. In contrast, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, lectin-stimulated lymphocyte blast formation, and serum levels of immunoglobulins were not changed by methyl-B12 treatment. These results indicate that vit.B12 might play an important role in cellular immunity, especially relativing to CD8+ cells and the NK cell system, which suggests effects on cytotoxic cells. We conclude that vit.B12 acts as an immunomodulator for cellular immunity. (+info)

The rise in circulating gastrin with age is due to increases in gastric autoimmunity and Helicobacter pylori infection. (4/227)

To assess the effect of increasing age on circulating gastrin, we surveyed serum gastrin, Helicobactor pylori seroantibody status and gastric autoimmunity in 366 hospitalized patients aged 15-90 years. Data were subjected to multivariate analysis, using logarithmic transformation to normalize the distribution of gastrin concentrations (presented as geometric means and 95% CIs). The frequency of H. pylori-positive antibody status increased with age from 28% in the second decade to > 70% beyond the fourth decade. Fasting gastrin concentrations rose significantly from 44 ng/l (41-48) in the second decade to 95 ng/l (67-131) by the eighth decade (p = 0.001) in the total group. Twenty-seven patients (6.8% of the total) tested positive for gastric auto-antibodies: 2% of patients in the second decade, rising to 15.9% in the eighth decade. These patients formed a distinct group with respect to circulating gastrin concentrations. Excluding these 27, fasting gastrin concentrations still rose significantly, from 44 ng/l (41-48) in the second decade, to 67 ng/l (50-89) in the eighth decade (p = 0.003) in the remaining 341 patients. Fasting gastrin concentrations were significantly higher in patients who were H. pylori-seropositive (59 ng/l, 54-64 vs. sero-negative 41 ng/l, 37-46) (p = 0.002), and there was no increase in circulating gastrin concentrations with increasing age in either the H. pylori-positive or the H. pylori-negative group. The increase in circulating fasting gastrin observed with increasing age is due to an increased incidence of gastric antibodies associated with auto-immune atrophic gastritis, and an increased incidence of H. pylori infection. (+info)

Thyrogastric autoimmune disease. Studies on the cell-mediated immune system and histocompatibility antigens. (5/227)

Cell-mediated immune responses were studied in autoimmune diseases of thyrogastric type, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and autoimmune pernicious anaemia-type gastritis. Specific cell-mediated immunity was investigated by the leucocyte migration inhibition procedure, and general cell-mediated immunity (T-cell performance) was studied by standard in vivo and in vitro tests. In thyrogastric autoimmune diseases inhibition of migration of leucocytes was induced by thyroglobulin and gastric parietal cell microsomes; under conditions of presumably low cellular sensitization, stimulation of migration was observed. There was no depression of general cell-mediated immunity, in contrast to what occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus and related autoimmune diseases. A weak association of autoimmune gastritis with HL-A3 and HL-A7 (P LESS THAN 0.05) lost significance when an appropriate correction was applied; this weakness with HL-A clearly does not explain the strong genetic component in thyroid and gastric autoimmunity. (+info)

Measles antibodies and autoantibodies in autoimmune disorders. (6/227)

Measles CF antibodies have been examined in the sera of patients with a variety of clinical disorders associated with the production of autoantibodies. Previous reports of high-titre reactions in DLE and chronic active hepatitis have been confirmed, the titres in the latter disorder being particularly elevated. Mean antibody titres to measles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were significantly lower than in matched controls, and an inverse correlation between measles antibody levels and serum globulin levels was found. Measles antibody titres in patients with myasthenia gravis and primary biliary cirrhosis did not differ significantly from those found in controls. However, subdivision of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, myasthenia gravis and primary biliary cirrhosis showed that the presence of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) was associated with significantly increased measles antibody levels compared with the ANA-negative sera. The presence of gastric parietal cell antibody or thyroid microsomal antibody did not appear to be associated with increased measles antibody levels, whether or not they occurred in association with previous anaemia or thyroid disease. Possible explanations for these findings in terms of immune complex formation and immune hyper-reactivity are discussed. (+info)

Serum leptin levels in patients with sideropenic and pernicious anemia: the influence of anemia treatment. (7/227)

Leptin is a 16 kDa protein hormone involved in food intake, energy expenditure regulation and numerous other physiological processes. Recently, leptin has been demonstrated to stimulate hematopoietic stem cells in vitro. The aim of our study was to measure serum leptin and erythropoietin levels in patients with sideropenic (n = 18) and pernicious anemia (n=7) before and during anemia treatment. Blood samples for the blood count, leptin and erythropoietin determinations were obtained by venepunction at the time of the diagnosis of anemia and after partial and complete anemia recovery. The relationships of serum leptin levels to erythropoietin levels and blood count parameters were also studied. No significant differences in serum leptin levels between the groups studied were found. The serum leptin levels in none of groups were modified by treatment of anemia (basal levels, the levels during treatment and after anemia recovery were 13.1+/-14.5 vs 12.8+/-15.6 vs 12.0+/-14.8 ng/ml in patients with sideropenic anemia and 7.8+/-8.5 vs 9.5+/-10.0 vs 8.9+/-6.6 ng/ml in patients with pernicious anemia). The erythropoietin levels were higher at the time of anemia in both groups and decreased significantly after partial or complete recovery. Serum leptin levels in both groups correlated positively with the body mass index. No significant relationships were found between serum leptin levels and erythropoietin values or various parameters of the peripheral blood count. We conclude that serum leptin levels in patients with sideropenic and pernicious anemia positively correlate with the body mass index but are not influenced by the treatment of anemia. (+info)

Screening for hypothyroidism in elderly inpatients. (8/227)

Routine biochemical screening for hypothyroidism in 2000 geriatric inpatients proved valuable and practicable and yielded 46 cases (2.3%). A non-specific clinical picture was particularly common, with less than a third of the cases showing "typical" signs and symptoms. Psychiatric manifestations, especially depression, were important and frequent and responded well to thyroxine. There was a preponderance of female cases of hypothyroidism and a strong association with other autoimmune diseases, notably pernicious anaemia and rheumatoid arthritis. (+info)

DMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Blood Disorders: Anemia: Pernicious

Type of anemia characterized by defective red blood cell production, the presence of mega-loblasts in the bone marrow, and ... Pernicious Anaemia Society A charitable organisation based in the UK supporting people with pernicious anaemia world-wide, ... NHS Choices: Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency Anaemia Provides information on pernicious anaemia including details of symptoms ... An article about pernicious anemia with a full explanation of what it is, some history and treatment. ...

Gluten-sensitive enteropathy-associated conditions

Pernicious anemia (PA). Pernicious anemia is associated with GSE and is believed to result primarily from malabsorption ... B12 deficiency Megaloblastic anemia Pernicious anemia Vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency can result in osteopenia and ... Iron-deficiency anemia. Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) may be the only symptom for CD, detected in subclinical CD and is ... Megaloblastic anemia (MA) is associated with GSE and is believed to be the result of B12 and folate deficiency. In GSE, it ...

Nitrous oxide

ISBN 1-885987-11-0. Conrad, Marcel (4 October 2006). "Pernicious Anemia". Retrieved 2 June 2008. Vieira, E.; Cleaton-Jones, P ...

George Minot

He was a member of the Pernicious Anemia Committee at Harvard and served on the Anti-Anemia Preparation Advisory Board of the U ... Nobel e-Museum: George R. Minot - Biography "Red-Blooded Doctors Cure Anemia" Pernicious Anemia, a Victory for Science George ... Whipple given for their work on the treatment of blood anemia. They all discovered an effective treatment for pernicious anemia ... Treatment of pernicious anemia by a special diet. George R. Minot and William P. Murphy". Nutr. Rev. 36 (2): 50-52. February ...

Nutrition and cognition

B12 deficiency is often associated with pernicious anemia, as it is the most common cause. Pernicious anemia results from an ... people with pernicious anemia often present with typical symptoms of anemia, such as pale skin, dizziness, and fatigue. Among ... However, pernicious anemia is the most common cause of B12 deficiency in North American and European populations. Those ... Epstein, Franklin H.; Toh, Ban-Hock; Van Driel, Ian R.; Gleeson, Paul A. (1997). "Pernicious Anemia". New England Journal of ...

List of autoimmune diseases

"MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Pernicious anemia". Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 2008-04-05. Moake JL ...

Ashby technique

BLOOD DESTRUCTION IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA". J. Exp. Med. 34 (2): 147-166. doi:10.1084/jem.34.2.147. PMC 2128079 . PMID 19868545. ...

Henry G. Bieler

Bieler, Henry G. (1931). "The Etiology of Pernicious Anemia". Clinical Medicine And Surgery. 38 (9): 635. Bieler, Henry G. ( ...

HLA-DR15

Ungar B, Mathews J, Tait B, Cowling D (1981). "HLA-DR patterns in pernicious anaemia". Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 282 (6266): 768- ... DR15 is positively associated Goodpasture syndrome, early age onset multiple sclerosis, pernicious anaemia, sarcoidosis, ...

Nina Lawson

She died there of pernicious anemia. Grimes, William (September 16, 2008 ). Nina Lawson, Tamer of the Met's Wigs and Egos, Is ...

Schilling test

In patients with pernicious anemia or with deficiency due to impaired absorption, less than 10% of the radiolabeled vitamin B12 ... The purpose of the test is to determine whether the patient has pernicious anemia. It is named for Robert F. Schilling. The ... This is by definition pernicious anemia. A low result on the second test implies abnormal intestinal absorption (malabsorption ... Zuckier LS, Chervu LR (September 1984). "Schilling evaluation of pernicious anemia: current status". Journal of Nuclear ...

Cubam

This can lead to pernicious anemia. However, a rare abnormality of AMN can also cause vitamin B12 anemia; this condition is ... and subsequent macrocytic anemia. The most common cause of Vitamin B12 deficiency is deficiency of the intrinsic factor (IF) ... megaloblastic anemia. Severe vitamin B12 deficiency is most commonly caused by an autoimmune mediated deficiency in intrinsic ...

Acute myeloid leukemia

Aitelli, Cristi; Wasson, Lori; Page, Ray (2004-03-01). "Pernicious anemia: presentations mimicking acute leukemia". Southern ... a definitive diagnosis usually requires an adequate bone marrow aspiration and biopsy as well as ruling out pernicious anemia ( ... A drop in red blood cell count (anemia) can cause fatigue, paleness, and shortness of breath. A lack of platelets can lead to ... This leads to neutropenia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. The symptoms of AML are, in turn, often due to the low numbers of ...

Timothy Sylvester Hogan (politician)

Hogan died of pernicious anemia in 1926. Mercer, James K (1913). Ohio Legislative History: 1909-1913. Columbus: Edward T Miller ...

Abbie Lathrop

Lathrop died of pernicious anemia in 1918. She was interred at West Cemetery in Granby, near her friends Chapin and Gray. Her ...

Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord

It is usually associated with pernicious anemia. The onset is gradual and uniform. The pathological findings of subacute ... looking for megaloblastic anemia if there is also folic acid deficiency or macrocytic anemia. The Schilling Test is no longer ...

Insulin

George Minot, co-recipient of the 1934 Nobel Prize for the development of the first effective treatment for pernicious anemia, ... A Century of Curiosity About Pernicious Anemia". Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association. 73: 54- ... was therefore also responsible for the discovery of a cure for pernicious anemia. The work published by Banting, Best, Collip ...

Lyubov Dostoyevskaya

She died in Italy of pernicious anemia. Although Lyubov Dostoyevskaya was Orthodox, the funeral rite was Catholic by mistake. A ...

Parietal cell

Pernicious anemia also leads to megaloblastic anemia. Atrophic gastritis, particularly in the elderly, will cause an inability ... In pernicious anemia, autoantibodies directed against parietal cells or intrinsic factor cause a reduction in vitamin B12 ... Pernicious anaemia results from autoimmune destruction of gastric parietal cells, precluding the synthesis of intrinsic factor ... A long-term deficiency in vitamin B12 can lead to megaloblastic anemia, characterized by large fragile erythrocytes. ...

Seymour Hutner

Assay of anti-pernicious anemia factor with Euglena. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 70, 118-120. Hutner, S.H., Provasoli, L. Schatz ...

Robert Bruce McCoy

McCoy died January 5, 1926 from pernicious anemia. In November of that year the Army National Guard post he worked to create ...

Yellapragada Subbarow

Subbarow, Y.; Jacobson, B.M.; Prochownick, V. (1936). "Studies of the pernicious anemia principle in liver. III. The isolation ... Subbarow, Y.; Hastings, A.B.; Elkin, M. (1945). "Chemistry of Anti-Pernicious Anemia Substances of Liver". Vitamins and ... based on work by Lucy Wills to isolate folic acid as a protective agent against anemia. After his work on folic acid and with ...

Ogden Bruton

Pernicious anemia in an eight-year-old girl; additional observations in a case previously reported as nutritional anemia in an ...

Clement Finch

Coleman, Daniel H.; Clement A. Finch (1953). "Erythropoiesis in pernicious anemia". American Journal of Medicine. 15 (3): 412. ... Scientific Journal articles specifically pertaining to Erythropoiesis and anemia such as Erythropoiesisin Pernicious Anemia ( ... The Diagnosing of Iron deficiency Anemia (1964), Pathophysiologic Aspects of Sickle Cell Anemia (1972), and Erythroid Marrow ... During a period in which little was known about iron-deficiency anemia, how often it occurred or the principles of iron ...

Intrinsic factor

In pernicious anemia, which is usually an autoimmune disease, autoantibodies directed against intrinsic factor or parietal ... Other risk factors contributing to pernicious anemia are anything that damages or removes a portion of the stomach's parietal ... Despite the low amounts absorbed, oral vitamin B12 therapy is effective at reducing symptoms of pernicious anemia. Vitamin B12 ... In most countries, intramuscular injections of vitamin B12 are used to treat pernicious anemia. Orally administered vitamin B12 ...

Functional neurological symptom disorder

... neurone disease Parkinson's Autoimmune disorders Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Stroke Vitamin B12 deficiency or pernicious anaemia ...

Pernicious Anaemia

... What Is Pernicious Anaemia?. Pernicious anaemia occurs when the body fails to produce enough vitamin B12, ... The most obvious sign of anaemia is extreme tiredness. About pernicious anaemia. Pernicious anaemia is the result of a shortage ... What are the causes of pernicious anaemia?. Main causes. Pernicious anaemia is mainly the result of a deficiency in vitamin B12 ... Pernicious anaemias impact on the body. Individuals who suffer with pernicious anaemia typically experience tiredness and feel ...

http://www.medic8.com/blood-disorders/pernicious-anaemia.htm

Pernicious Anaemia Society - JustGiving

Fundraise or donate to The Pernicious Anaemia Society with JustGiving, the worlds leading online fundraising platform, helping ... About Pernicious Anaemia Society. We provide information, help and support to sufferers of Pernicious Anaemia (PA) including ... Pernicious Anaemia Society. We Provide Information, Advice and Support to patients with Pernicious Anaemia. ... Our Mission: To secure a full and comprehensive review of the way in which Pernicious Anaemia is diagnosed and treated that ...

https://www.justgiving.com/pasoc

Pernicious Anaemia News, Research

News-Medical.Net provides this medical information service in accordance with these terms and conditions. Please note that medical information found on this website is designed to support, not to replace the relationship between patient and physician/doctor and the medical advice they may provide. ...

https://www.news-medical.net/?tag=/Pernicious+Anaemia

Pernicious anaemia patients 'self-medicating' - BBC News

The Pernicious Anaemia Society (PAS) says patients are needlessly suffering.. Claire McDonald from Reading is one of those who ... Image caption Sufferers of pernicious anaemia receive top-up jabs of vitamin B12 on the NHS once every three months, but many ... Sufferers of pernicious anaemia, which causes memory loss, extreme fatigue and irrational behaviour, receive an NHS vitamin B12 ... Image caption Pernicious Anaemia Society founder Martyn Hooper says more needs to be done for patients who are "needlessly ...

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-37307964

Pernicious anemia symptoms, treatments & forums | PatientsLikeMe

361 patients with pernicious anemia experience fatigue, pain, anxious mood, depressed mood, and insomnia and use Vitamin B12 ... Find the most comprehensive real-world symptom and treatment data on pernicious anemia at PatientsLikeMe. ... and Buprenorphine patch to treat their pernicious anemia and its symptoms. ... What is pernicious anemia?. Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the body cannot properly absorb ...

https://www.patientslikeme.com/conditions/pernicious-anemia

Pernicious Anaemia of Pregnancy | The BMJ

Pernicious Anaemia of Pregnancy. Br Med J 1943; 1 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.4281.105 (Published 23 January 1943) Cite ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/1/4281/105

Cancer and Pernicious Anaemia | The BMJ

Cancer and Pernicious Anaemia. Br Med J 1939; 2 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.4117.1116 (Published 02 December 1939) Cite ...

http://www.bmj.com/content/2/4117/1116.1

Pernicious Anaemia Society Fundraising | Easyfundraising

Raise free funds for Pernicious Anaemia Society today by shopping online via Easyfundraising. Click now to shop at no extra ...

https://www.easyfundraising.org.uk/causes/perniciousanaemiasociety/

Are Pernicious Anemia and Low Back Pain Related?

... *Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR William C. Shiel Jr., ... In addition to the pernicious anemia I am having severe lower back and leg pain. I have osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. ... Pernicious anemia is an immune disorder characterized by the production of antibodies to cells of the stomach (parietal cells) ... I was diagnosed with pernicious anemia. I received injections weekly and then monthly. I was told that I would have to have ...

https://www.medicinenet.com/pernicious_anemia_and_low_back_pain/ask.htm

Mary Todd Lincoln May Have Had Pernicious Anemia - HISTORY

Mary Todd Lincoln May Have Had Pernicious Anemia. In a new book, a physician and scholar argues that a deficiency in vitamin ... Lincolns era: Pernicious anemia didnt even appear in English-language medical literature until 1874, eight years before she ... Few serious cases of pernicious anemia occur today, as blood tests can diagnose the condition early on and doctors can treat it ... In addition, the pernicious anemia could explain her irritability, and the delusions and hallucinations she increasingly ...

http://www.history.com/news/according-to-new-theory-mary-todd-lincoln-likely-had-pernicious-anemia

Pernicious Anemia | National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia. The term "anemia" usually refers to a condition in which the blood has a lower than ... Pernicious anemia also can occur in younger people and other populations. Youre at higher risk for pernicious anemia if you:. ... Some people get pernicious anemia because they dont have enough vitamin B12 in their diets. This cause of pernicious anemia is ... Pernicious anemia is one of two major types of "macrocystic" or "megaloblastic" anemia. These terms refer to anemia in which ...

https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/pernicious-anemia

Regular B12 injections counter effects of pernicious anemia

The cause and treatment of pernicious anemia were discovered more than 80 years ago. Unfortunately, even today there still are ... pernicious anemia doesnt always cause anemia: In some people, it causes brain and spinal cord damage without causing anemia. ... This is called anemia.. There are many different causes of anemia. Severe, untreated B12 deficiency is called "pernicious" ... Symptoms of pernicious anemia tend to develop slowly and can be subtle. As the condition worsens, you may experience:. • ...

http://www.dailyherald.com/article/20120604/entlife/706049981/

pernicious anemia Archives - HealthierTalk.com

pernicious anemia. UPDATED:. August 17, 2016 Dangerous vitamin deficiency can lead to misdiagnosis. August 20, 2016. By Dr. ...

https://healthiertalk.com/tag/pernicious-anemia/

Pernicious Anemia Symptoms

Most of the pernicious anemia symptoms are linked to common anemia symptoms but there are some others that need to be looked ... Pernicious anemia is linked to anemia, which is a condition that affects the amount of red blood cells that the body is able to ... A fast heartbeat is also commonly noticed in patients with anemia.. Treating Pernicious Anemia. When the pernicious anemia ... Pernicious anemia is linked to anemia, which is a condition that affects the amount of red blood cells that the body is able to ...

https://www.womenhealthzone.com/general-health/anemia/pernicious-anemia-symptoms/

pernicious anemia | Cancer Survivors Network

Pernicious Anemia. No, I did not have this. I assume they did a blood test to find this out. Pernicious Anemia has similar ...

https://csn.cancer.org/node/228192

Anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anaemia)

A lack of this vitamin can lead to anaemia. We look at the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. ... Anaemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency (pernicious anaemia). The body needs access to vitamin B12 to produce red blood cells. A ... Anaemia due to a lack of vitamin B12 is also called pernicious anaemia. ... How is pernicious anaemia diagnosed? A blood sample is taken and sent off to the laboratory. An analysis of the red blood cells ...

https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/conditions/a10795/anaemia-due-to-vitamin-b12-deficiency-pernicious-anaemia/

Pernicious Anemia | West Hills Hospital

Learn more about Pernicious Anemia at West Hills Hospital DefinitionCausesRisk ... Pernicious anemia. EBSCO DynaMed Plus website. Available at: http://www.dynamed.com/topics/dmp~AN~T116294/Pernicious-anemia . ... Pernicious anemia is associated with problems absorbing vitamin B12. This vitamin is needed to make healthy RBCs. Over time the ... Pernicious anemia is more common in people over 50 years old, and in those of northern European or Scandinavian descent. ...

https://westhillshospital.com/hl/?/96607/Congenital-pernicious-anemia

Pernicious Anemia facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Pernicious Anemia

Make research projects and school reports about Pernicious Anemia easy with credible articles from our FREE, online ... and pictures about Pernicious Anemia at Encyclopedia.com. ... pernicious anaemia See anaemia, pernicious. Cite this article ... Pernicious Anemia. Definition. Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally formed, due to an ... Pernicious anemia occurs in equal numbers in both men and women. Most patients with pernicious anemia are older, usually over ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/diseases-and-conditions/pathology/pernicious-anemia

EXPERIMENTAL ANTI-PERNICIOUS ANEMIA FACTOR DEFICIENCY IN DOGS | Science

EXPERIMENTAL ANTI-PERNICIOUS ANEMIA FACTOR DEFICIENCY IN DOGS Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ...

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/93/2423/549

Pernicious Anemia - Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diagnosis - MedBroadcast.com

Alternative names for pernicious anemia are vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption), Addisons anemia, and congenital pernicious ... Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12, which is needed for normal production of red blood cells. It is ... the condition is described as pernicious anemia. The term pernicious was adopted many years ago when there was no effective ... In most cases, there are no early signs of pernicious anemia. As the disorder progresses, there may be shortness of breath and ...

https://www.medbroadcast.com/condition/getcondition/pernicious-anemia

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE HEMOSIDEROSIS OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA | JEM

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE HEMOSIDEROSIS OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA. Philip D. McMaster, Peyton Rous, Louise C. Larimore ... The selective deposition of hemosiderin in the liver parenchyma during pernicious anemia does not constitute evidence that ...

http://jem.rupress.org/content/35/4/521.long

Megaloblastic Anemia / Pernicious Anemia - Diagnose-Me.com

Pernicious Anemia, including signs and symptoms; conditions that suggest it; contributing risk factors. ... Megaloblastic Anemia / Pernicious Anemia could instead be:. Aging. Alzheimers Disease Pernicious Anemia can be mistaken for ... Risk factors for Megaloblastic Anemia / Pernicious Anemia:. Autoimmune. Chronic Thyroiditis Pernicious anemia is more common in ... Pernicious Anemia: Overview. Alternative names: Terms related to megaloblastic anemia include: pernicious anemia, megaloblastic ...

https://www.diagnose-me.com/symptoms-of/megaloblastic-anemia-pernicious-anemia.php

Pernicious anemia - RightDiagnosis.com

Diagnostic checklist, medical tests, doctor questions, and related signs or symptoms for Pernicious anemia. ... List of 24 disease causes of Pernicious anemia, patient stories, diagnostic guides. ... Pernicious anemia *Basic Summary for Pernicious anemia *Causes of Pernicious anemia *Treatments for Pernicious anemia ... Pernicious anemia and Anemia (19 causes) *Pernicious anemia and Blood symptoms (19 causes) *Pernicious anemia and Red blood ...

http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/pernicious_anemia.htm

Pernicious Anemia with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review

... Sri Lakshmi Hyndavi Yeruva, Raj Pal ... we identified an autoimmune hemolytic anemia and a concomitant pernicious anemia. The concurrence of both these hematological ... Pernicious anemia is a common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency. Here, we discuss a case of a young woman who presented with ... severe anemia along with a history of iron deficiency anemia. After a review of her clinical presentation and laboratory data, ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/crihem/2016/7231503/abs/

Calendar - Pernicious Anaemia Society

Pernicious Anaemia *Pernicious Anaemia *What is Pernicious Anaemia?. *B12 Deficiency and Pernicious Anaemia ... 2019 The Pernicious Anaemia Society , UK Registered Charity No.1147839 , Terms&Conditions , Privacy Policy , Cookies , Hosted ...

https://pernicious-anaemia-society.org/calendar/

Vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia. (medic8.com)
Pernicious anaemia is mainly the result of a deficiency in vitamin B12. (medic8.com)
Patients with a vitamin deficiency caused by pernicious anaemia are buying doses abroad as the UK's provision is "not adequate", according to a charity. (bbc.co.uk)
Technically, the term "pernicious anemia" refers to vitamin B12 deficiency due to a lack of intrinsic factor. (nih.gov)
Often though, vitamin B12 deficiency due to other causes also is called pernicious anemia. (nih.gov)
The other major type of macrocystic anemia is caused by folic acid deficiency. (nih.gov)
Severe, untreated B12 deficiency is called "pernicious" anemia because it damages the brain, spinal cord and nerves, as well as causing anemia, and can be fatal if not treated. (dailyherald.com)
Some will link to the B12 deficiency and others will link to the anemia. (womenhealthzone.com)
However, there are also times that the deficiency symptoms are more apparent before the anemia can be discovered and treated. (womenhealthzone.com)
The best way is to treat the deficiency of vitamin B12, which will usually lead to treating the anemia. (womenhealthzone.com)
Why does vitamin B12 deficiency cause anaemia? (netdoctor.co.uk)
The cells then die, leading to B12 deficiency and anaemia. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Various conditions that affect the first part of the intestine (the ileum), from which B 12 is absorbed, can also cause anemia due to B 12 deficiency. (encyclopedia.com)
Alternative names for pernicious anemia are vitamin B12 deficiency (malabsorption), Addison's anemia, and congenital pernicious anemia. (medbroadcast.com)
Pernicious anemia is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12, which is needed for normal production of red blood cells. (medbroadcast.com)
Terms related to megaloblastic anemia include: pernicious anemia, megaloblastic anemia of pregnancy, folic acid deficiency anemia, folate deficiency anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, hypovitaminosis B12. (diagnose-me.com)
Megaloblastic anemias are usually caused by a deficiency or defective absorption of either vitamin B12 ( cobalamin ) or folic acid . (diagnose-me.com)
As a result, they are also known as the vitamin deficiency anemias. (diagnose-me.com)
Folic acid deficiency anemia is more common in the Western world because many people there refuse to eat sufficient amounts of green, leafy vegetables. (diagnose-me.com)
Fatigue is often the first sign of folic acid deficiency anemia . (diagnose-me.com)
Pernicious anemia is also called vitamin B12 deficiency anemia, and is the most common form of a variety of types of vitamin deficiency anemias. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Pernicious anemia is a common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency. (hindawi.com)
Here, we discuss a case of a young woman who presented with severe anemia along with a history of iron deficiency anemia. (hindawi.com)
Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the formation of red blood cells becomes slow due to deficiency of vitamin B-12 in the human body. (marketpublishers.com)
Macrocytic anemia is the 'Classic' presentation of Vitamin B12 Deficiency . (easy-immune-health.com)
and it has been suggested that GSE-associated cancers of the esophagus may be related to vitamin A deficiency Folate deficiency - Folate deficiency is believed to be primary to the following secondary conditions: Megaloblastic anemia Calcification of brain channels - epilepsy, dementia, visual manifestations. (wikipedia.org)
B12 deficiency Megaloblastic anemia Pernicious anemia Vitamin D deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Iron - Iron deficiency anemia Phosphorus - hypophosphatemia, causing Oesteopenia Zinc - Zinc deficiencies are believed to be associated with increased risk of Esophagus Carcinoma Copper - deficiency Selenium - deficiency - Selenium and Zinc deficiencies may play a role increasing risk of cancer. (wikipedia.org)
Megaloblastic anemia (MA) is associated with GSE and is believed to be the result of B12 and folate deficiency. (wikipedia.org)
Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) may be the only symptom for CD, detected in subclinical CD and is accompanied by a decrease in serum ferritin levels. (wikipedia.org)

The following medical conditions are some of the possible causes of Pernicious anemia. (rightdiagnosis.com)

Risk factors include a history of autoimmune endocrine disorders , a family history of pernicious anemia, and Scandinavian or Northern European descent. (medbroadcast.com)
Pernicious anemia is often also seen in combination with some autoimmune endocrine (gland) diseases such as type 1 diabetes, hypoparathyroidism , Addison's disease, and testicular dysfunction. (medbroadcast.com)
After a review of her clinical presentation and laboratory data, we identified an autoimmune hemolytic anemia and a concomitant pernicious anemia. (hindawi.com)
The increasing prevalence of autoimmune condition or intestinal diseases is the major motivating factor for the growth of the global pernicious anemia market. (marketpublishers.com)
Biermer's disease and other forms of pernicious anemia are thought to be autoimmune conditions which occur when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue . (nih.gov)
Unlike other forms of megaloblastic anemia, GSEA MA is not a form of autoimmune gastritis. (wikipedia.org)

Pernicious anemia is an immune disorder characterized by the production of antibodies to cells of the stomach (parietal cells) and proteins (intrinsic factor) produced by the stomach which are important for the normal absorption of vitamin B12. (medicinenet.com)
This article discusses pernicious anemia due to a lack of intrinsic factor and other causes. (nih.gov)
Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor or other causes, such as infections, surgery, medicines, or diet. (nih.gov)
Pernicious anemia also has other causes, besides a lack of intrinsic factor. (nih.gov)
This will show whether the anaemia is caused by a lack of intrinsic factor. (netdoctor.co.uk)
People with a history of diabetes , thyroid upset or vitiligo (depigmentation of the skin), whether in themselves or in there family, are at higher risk of developing intrinsic factor antibodies and pernicious anaemia. (netdoctor.co.uk)
True pernicious anemia refers specifically to a disorder of atrophied parietal cells leading to absent intrinsic factor, resulting in an inability to absorb B 12 . (encyclopedia.com)
In pernicious anemia, the parietal cells stop producing intrinsic factor. (encyclopedia.com)
Pernicious anemia is caused by someone losing their ability to make intrinsic factor (IF), a substance that enables vitamin B12 to be absorbed from the intestine. (diagnose-me.com)
People who have pernicious anemia can't absorb enough vitamin B12 from food due to a lack of intrinsic (in-TRIN-sik) factor, a protein made in the stomach. (onlymyhealth.com)

A diagnosis of pernicious anemia begins with taking a thorough personal and family medical history, including symptoms, and a physical examination. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Additional blood tests may be performed, and a bone marrow examination may also be done to confirm a suspected diagnosis of the pernicious anemia. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Because the symptoms and presentation of pernicious anemia can be vague and/or similar to some other conditions, a delayed or missed diagnosis of the condition is possible. (rightdiagnosis.com)
It is possible for a diagnosis of pernicious anemia to be delayed or missed. (rightdiagnosis.com)
What is the diagnosis of Pernicious Anemia? (onlymyhealth.com)
Macrocytic anemia is an OBSERVATION and not a diagnosis of anything. (easy-immune-health.com)
Pernicious anemia is a DIAGNOSIS, and since I'm a nurse I can't diagnose you with pernicious anemia- and you would need more testing than you have given me there to find out if you really do have pernicious anemia. (easy-immune-health.com)
Provides information on pernicious anaemia including details of symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and complications. (dmoztools.net)

Congenital pernicious anaemia. (medic8.com)
This disorder is called congenital pernicious anemia. (nih.gov)
This form of pernicious anemia (called juvenile or congenital ) is usually seen before a child is three years old. (medbroadcast.com)

Malabsorption in the small intestine and a diet lacking vitamin B12 both can lead to pernicious anemia. (nih.gov)
In any case, it's EXTREMELY likely that your Macrocytic Anemia and low protein levels are SYMPTOMS of some malabsorption condition that your doctor should look into more deeply. (easy-immune-health.com)
Another possibility is that you have the H Pylori Bacteria which can lead to malabsorption, Macrocytic Anemia and gastrointestinal problems as well. (easy-immune-health.com)
Pernicious anemia is associated with GSE and is believed to result primarily from malabsorption phenomena. (wikipedia.org)

Few serious cases of pernicious anemia occur today, as blood tests can diagnose the condition early on and doctors can treat it. (history.com)
It can be tricky for the doctor to diagnose pernicious anemia. (dailyherald.com)
Your doctor will diagnose pernicious anemia based on your medical and family histories, a physical exam, and the results from tests. (onlymyhealth.com)

In addition to the pernicious anemia I am having severe lower back and leg pain . (medicinenet.com)
Severe or long-lasting pernicious anemia can damage the heart, brain, and other organs in the body. (nih.gov)
There are some severe pernicious anemia symptoms that can be noted with the condition, including weakness in the muscles and some shaking and tremors. (womenhealthzone.com)
If the anaemia is severe, it can result in angina (chest pain), headache and leg pains (intermittent claudication). (netdoctor.co.uk)

The most obvious sign of anaemia is extreme tiredness. (medic8.com)
Individuals who suffer with pernicious anaemia typically experience tiredness and feel weak, because there is insufficient oxygen travelling around the body. (medic8.com)
The main symptoms of pernicious anemia are tiredness, shortness of breath and fatigue . (diagnose-me.com)

However, infections and bleeding complications rarely occur in people with pernicious anemia. (medbroadcast.com)
Pernicious anemia usually does not appear before the age of 30, although a juvenile form of the disease can occur in children and is evident before the child is 3 years old. (diagnose-me.com)
In some cases, pernicious anemia can occur when a person does not eat enough foods that contain vitamin B12, such as someone who follows a vegan diet. (rightdiagnosis.com)

Pernicious anaemia occurs when the body fails to produce enough vitamin B12, which in turn means the body's red blood cell production is low. (medic8.com)
Anaemia is a common condition which occurs when there are low levels of red blood cells and haemoglobin (a protein found in red blood cells which transports oxygen around the body). (medic8.com)
Pernicious anemia is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when the body cannot properly absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract. (patientslikeme.com)
Sometimes pernicious anemia occurs because the body's small intestine can't properly absorb vitamin B12. (nih.gov)
Pernicious anemia occurs in equal numbers in both men and women. (encyclopedia.com)
Anemia is a state that occurs when hemoglobin (an iron-protein compound in red blood cells that transports oxygen) is decreased and your body has too few red blood cells. (medbroadcast.com)
Folic acid anemia occurs when folic-acid levels are low, usually due to inadequate dietary intake or faulty absorption. (diagnose-me.com)
More often pernicious anemia occurs when the body is unable to absorb vitamin B12 from ingested foods. (rightdiagnosis.com)

People with pernicious anemia often have very low hemoglobin but few symptoms of low hemoglobin, such as fatigue. (medbroadcast.com)

She points out Mrs. Lincoln's enormous energy (not typical of sufferers of pernicious anemia, though the disease is progressive) and said that recently found letters suggest the first lady may have been taking too much chloral hydrate to help her sleep, which might explain some of her mental problems. (history.com)

Her stocky frame, wide face and jaw and widely spaced eyes are all common characteristics of people suffering from pernicious anemia, though no one knows why this is true. (history.com)
People who have pernicious anemia can't absorb enough vitamin B12 from food. (nih.gov)
People who have pernicious anemia also may be at higher risk for weakened bone strength and stomach cancer. (nih.gov)
With ongoing care and proper treatment, most people who have pernicious anemia can recover, feel well, and live normal lives. (nih.gov)
Before the Nobel Prize-winning discovery that pernicious anemia could be cured by vitamin B12, many people died of the disease. (dailyherald.com)
Pernicious anemia is more common in people over 50 years old, and in those of northern European or Scandinavian descent. (westhillshospital.com)
Pernicious anemia is most common among people from northern Europe and among African Americans. (encyclopedia.com)
People with pernicious anemia seem to have a greater chance of having certain other conditions. (encyclopedia.com)
Pernicious anemia can affect all racial groups, but the incidence is higher among fair-haired people, especially those whose ancestors came from Scandinavia or Northern Europe. (medbroadcast.com)
Pernicious anemia is one of the megaloblastic anemias and can affect all racial groups, but the incidence is higher among people of Scandinavian or Northern European descent. (diagnose-me.com)
Pernicious anemia can usually be treated successfully, and most people have a good prognosis. (rightdiagnosis.com)
People who have pernicious anemia may need lifelong treatment. (onlymyhealth.com)

With pernicious anaemia there is an increased danger of developing stomach cancer . (netdoctor.co.uk)

In pernicious anemia, the body makes antibodies that attack and destroy the parietal (pa-RI-eh-tal) cells. (nih.gov)

Folic acid was discovered in 1931 as a "cure" for the anemia of pregnancy. (diagnose-me.com)
If the diet lacks folic acid, anemia will arise within a few months. (diagnose-me.com)

In modern times pernicious anaemia can be controlled effectively by taking vitamin B12 supplements or having injections. (medic8.com)
Generally, once pernicious anemia is diagnosed, intramuscular B12 injections are continued indefinitely--typically monthly. (medicinenet.com)

Pernicious anemia is a disease in which the red blood cells are abnormally formed, due to an inability to absorb vitamin B 12 . (encyclopedia.com)

Type of anemia characterized by defective red blood cell production, the presence of mega-loblasts in the bone marrow, and deterioration of nerve tissue in the spinal cord. (dmoztools.net)

Treatment of pernicious anemia is tailored to the individual case, the cause, and the presence of any underlying diseases or complications. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Pernicious anemia also can cause other complications, such as nerve damage, neurological problems (such as memory loss), and digestive tract problems. (onlymyhealth.com)

In addition, tests will be performed to determine the cause of pernicious anemia, including diseases that can underlie pernicious anemia. (rightdiagnosis.com)

Data from patients with pernicious anemia, who reported starting treatments within the last 5 years. (patientslikeme.com)
The condition is called pernicious anemia because it often was fatal in the past, before vitamin B12 treatments were available. (nih.gov)

Without treatment, pernicious anemia can lead to serious problems with the heart, nerves, and other parts of the body. (nih.gov)
A. The cause and treatment of pernicious anemia were discovered more than 80 years ago. (dailyherald.com)
I have high hopes for your recovery because pernicious anemia responds well to treatment. (dailyherald.com)
The term pernicious was adopted many years ago when there was no effective treatment and this condition was inevitably fatal. (medbroadcast.com)
For more information on treatment, refer to treatment of pernicious anemia . (rightdiagnosis.com)
The first step in the treatment of pernicious anemia is prevention. (rightdiagnosis.com)
What is the treatment for Pernicious Anemia? (onlymyhealth.com)
An article about pernicious anemia with a full explanation of what it is, some history and treatment. (dmoztools.net)

it takes extra effort for the heart to pump blood around the body in individuals who suffer with pernicious anaemia. (medic8.com)
The result is inadequate B12 absorption from food in the diet which leads to inadequate red blood cell production ( anemia ). (medicinenet.com)
Pernicious anemia (per-NISH-us uh-NEE-me-uh) is a condition in which the body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it doesn't have enough vitamin B12. (nih.gov)
The term "anemia" usually refers to a condition in which the blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells. (nih.gov)
In pernicious anemia, the body can't make enough healthy red blood cells because it doesn't have enough vitamin B12. (nih.gov)
These terms refer to anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal. (nih.gov)
Pernicious anemia is linked to anemia, which is a condition that affects the amount of red blood cells that the body is able to create. (womenhealthzone.com)
In short, the condition is linked anemia, which is when the amount of red blood cells created is low. (womenhealthzone.com)
You get anaemia when you don't have enough red blood cells. (netdoctor.co.uk)
If the blood test shows a low vitamin B12 count, it must be established whether it is pernicious anaemia or if there is some other cause. (netdoctor.co.uk)
Anemia is a low level of healthy red blood cells (RBC). (westhillshospital.com)
When there are too few red blood cells due to a lack of vitamin B12, the condition is described as pernicious anemia . (medbroadcast.com)
Megaloblastic anemias are somewhat rare blood disorders characterized by the presence of large, structurally and visually abnormal, immature red blood cells ( megaloblasts ). (diagnose-me.com)
Pernicious anemia is one form of anemia , an abnormal condition in which there is a decrease in the number of red blood cells in the blood. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12, which is vital to the normal develoment of red blood cells. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Symptoms of pernicious anemia are due to a lack of adequate numbers of red blood cells in the bloodstream. (rightdiagnosis.com)
Pernicious anemia is a type of anemia (a condition in which your body has a lower than normal number of red blood cells). (onlymyhealth.com)
It simply says that your red blood cell is large- macrocytic anemia. (easy-immune-health.com)
Because vitamin B12 is essential for the formation of red blood cells , this condition is primarily characterized by anemia (too few red blood cells ). (nih.gov)

Pernicious anemia is one of two major types of "macrocystic" or "megaloblastic" anemia. (nih.gov)
If either is lacking in the diet, or if the absorption of either is impaired, megaloblastic anemia may result. (diagnose-me.com)

Q. For years, my pernicious anemia was misdiagnosed as depression. (dailyherald.com)

However, some of the symptoms are linked to anemia, especially as the condition progresses. (womenhealthzone.com)
Biermer's disease , also called acquired pernicious anemia , is a condition in which the body is unable to properly utilize vitamin B12 . (nih.gov)

Pernicious Anemia has similar symptoms of low Calcium. (cancer.org)

In addition, he points out that Mrs. Lincoln's parents were cousins with ancestors from a part of Scotland where pernicious anemia has been found to be unusually common. (history.com)
Most of the pernicious anemia symptoms are linked to common anemia symptoms but there are some others that need to be looked out for, which may appear at an earlier stage. (womenhealthzone.com)

There are also links to memory loss and concentration problems when it comes to anemia, due to a lack of oxygen to the brain. (womenhealthzone.com)
One of the most dangerous symptoms of having anemia is heart failure since it is unable to get the amount of oxygen that it needs. (womenhealthzone.com)

If diagnosed early and treated effectively pernicious anaemia can be managed easily. (medic8.com)

The selective deposition of hemosiderin in the liver parenchyma during pernicious anemia does not constitute evidence that there is a hemolytic cause for the disease located in the portal region. (rupress.org)

The Pernicious Anaemia Society (PAS) says patients are needlessly suffering. (bbc.co.uk)

In 1932, pernicious anemia was a unique human disease and only since 1926, no longer a fatal one. (annals.org)

The competition in pernicious anemia market is moderate as the companies present in the market is not so active. (marketpublishers.com)

However, pernicious anaemia can be serious if left untreated and may result in irreparable harm to the body. (medic8.com)
Doctors treat pernicious anemia by replacing the missing vitamin B12 in your body. (onlymyhealth.com)

These conditions cause the same types of symptoms as true pernicious anemia. (encyclopedia.com)

A fast heartbeat is also commonly noticed in patients with anemia. (womenhealthzone.com)
Most patients with pernicious anemia are older, usually over 60. (encyclopedia.com)

The British National Formulary, which sets guidelines for the use of vitamin B12 in pernicious anaemia, said the practice was based on the best available evidence base. (bbc.co.uk)

Pernicious anemia seems to run in families, so that anyone with a relative diagnosed with the disease has a greater likelihood of developing it as well. (encyclopedia.com)
Eating extra yeast also seemed to relieve the symptoms of pernicious anemia , but the neurological symptoms of this disease either were not resolved or appeared later on, confirming some doctors' feelings that there were two different problems involved. (diagnose-me.com)
Please do NOT just accept that you have Pernicious Anemia, get B12 shots and go on your way- you need to figure out WHY you are not absorbing- and the VERY likely answer that your doctor is VERY likely to miss- is that you have Celiac Disease or Non Celiac Gluten Sensitivity. (easy-immune-health.com)

Doctors are rarely interested in WHY you have macrocytic anemia and low protein levels with gastrointestinal problems. (easy-immune-health.com)