Androstenediols: Unsaturated androstane derivatives which are substituted with two hydroxy groups in any position in the ring system.Testosterone: A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.Abdominal Fat: Fatty tissue in the region of the ABDOMEN. It includes the ABDOMINAL SUBCUTANEOUS FAT and the INTRA-ABDOMINAL FAT.Hypogonadism: Condition resulting from deficient gonadal functions, such as GAMETOGENESIS and the production of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES. It is characterized by delay in GROWTH, germ cell maturation, and development of secondary sex characteristics. Hypogonadism can be due to a deficiency of GONADOTROPINS (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) or due to primary gonadal failure (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism).HIV Infections: Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).Anti-HIV Agents: Agents used to treat AIDS and/or stop the spread of the HIV infection. These do not include drugs used to treat symptoms or opportunistic infections associated with AIDS.Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active: Drug regimens, for patients with HIV INFECTIONS, that aggressively suppress HIV replication. The regimens usually involve administration of three or more different drugs including a protease inhibitor.Androgens: Compounds that interact with ANDROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of TESTOSTERONE. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on SEX DIFFERENTIATION; male reproductive organs, SPERMATOGENESIS; secondary male SEX CHARACTERISTICS; LIBIDO; development of muscle mass, strength, and power.Palliative Care: Care alleviating symptoms without curing the underlying disease. (Stedman, 25th ed)Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone: A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.Triptorelin Pamoate: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE with D-tryptophan substitution at residue 6.Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.Radiography, Thoracic: X-ray visualization of the chest and organs of the thoracic cavity. It is not restricted to visualization of the lungs.Tosyl CompoundsAndrostenediol: An intermediate in TESTOSTERONE biosynthesis, found in the TESTIS or the ADRENAL GLANDS. Androstenediol, derived from DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE by the reduction of the 17-keto group (17-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES), is converted to TESTOSTERONE by the oxidation of the 3-beta hydroxyl group to a 3-keto group (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES).Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.Portal Pressure: The venous pressure measured in the PORTAL VEIN.Portal System: A system of vessels in which blood, after passing through one capillary bed, is conveyed through a second set of capillaries before it returns to the systemic circulation. It pertains especially to the hepatic portal system.Shock, Hemorrhagic: Acute hemorrhage or excessive fluid loss resulting in HYPOVOLEMIA.Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.Androstenols: Unsaturated androstanes which are substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position in the ring system.Logic: The science that investigates the principles governing correct or reliable inference and deals with the canons and criteria of validity in thought and demonstration. This system of reasoning is applicable to any branch of knowledge or study. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed & Sippl, Computer Dictionary, 4th ed)Psychology, Experimental: The branch of psychology which seeks to learn more about the fundamental causes of behavior by studying various psychologic phenomena in controlled experimental situations.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Gene Regulatory Networks: Interacting DNA-encoded regulatory subsystems in the GENOME that coordinate input from activator and repressor TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS during development, cell differentiation, or in response to environmental cues. The networks function to ultimately specify expression of particular sets of GENES for specific conditions, times, or locations.Adosterol: A sterol usually substituted with radioactive iodine. It is an adrenal cortex scanning agent with demonstrated high adrenal concentration and superior adrenal imaging.Catalysis: The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.
Emergent immunoregulatory properties of combined glucocorticoid and anti-glucocorticoid steroids in a model of tuberculosis. (1/29)
In Balb/c mice with pulmonary tuberculosis, there is a switch from a protective Th1-dominated cytokine profile to a non-protective profile with a Th2 component. This switch occurs while the adrenals are undergoing marked hyperplasia. Treatment with the anti-glucocorticoid hormones dehydroepiandrosterone or 3 beta, 17 beta-androstenediol, during the period of adrenal hyperplasia, maintains Th1 dominance and is protective. We investigated the effects of these hormones as therapeutic agents by administering them from day 60, when the switch to the non-protective cytokine profile was already well established. Given at this time (day 60), doses that were protective when given early (from day 0) were rapidly fatal. A physiological dose of the glucocorticoid corticosterone was also rapidly fatal. However when the corticosterone and the anti-glucocorticoid (AED or DHEA) were co-administered, there was protection, with restoration of a Th1-dominated cytokine profile, enhanced DTH responses, and enhanced expression of IL-1 alpha and TNF alpha. Therefore this combination of steroids has an emergent property that is quite unlike that of either type of steroid given alone. It may be possible to exploit the ant-inflammatory properties of glucocorticoids while preserving a Th1 bias, by combining glucocorticoids with DHEA or suitable metabolites. (+info)Over-the-counter anabolic steroids 4-androsten-3,17-dione; 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol; and 19-nor-4-androsten-3,17-dione: excretion studies in men. (2/29)
Since the appearance of 4-androsten-3,17-dione (I) as a nutritional supplement in early 1997, we have frequently observed a characteristic deterioration of endogenous steroid profiles in athletes' urine in routine anabolic steroid testing in which concentrations of major endogenous urinary steroids and testosterone exceed normal. Human excretion studies are performed with I and newer, over-the-counter "supplements" 4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol (II) and 19-nor-4-androsten-3,17-dione (III). Endogenous urinary steroids affected by I and II are androsterone, etiocholanolone, their hydroxylated derivatives 5alpha- and 5beta-androstan-3alpha,17beta-diols, testosterone, and epitestosterone. Their concentrations briefly increase by one to two orders of magnitude and return to normal 24 h after oral administration of I and II. The average male may test positive for testosterone because testosterone concentration rises faster than that of epitestosterone, causing the testosterone/epitestosterone (T/E) ratio to rise above the positive cutoff of 6:1. A remarkable distinction in excretion patterns was observed in eastern Asian men, for whom I and II did not affect urinary concentrations of testosterone and did not increase the T/E ratio. First-pass metabolism deactivates most of the orally administered drugs I and II, rapidly converting them into inactive androsterone and etiocholanolone. Drug II is a more effective testosterone booster because of its different metabolic pathway. After the use of III, a precursor of the potent anabolic nandrolone, high concentrations of norandrosterone and noretiocholanolone appear in urine, similar to nandrolone. These are detectable in urine for 7-10 days after a single oral dose of III (50 mg). (+info)Regulation and substrate specificity of a steroid sulfate-specific hydroxylase system in female rat liver microsomes. (3/29)
The sulfate-specific hydroxylase system in liver microsomes from rats has been investigated with respect to its substrate specificity. Eighteen different C18, C19, C21, and C27 steroid sulfates and the coresponding free steroids have been incubated with microsomal preparations from male and female rats. The sulfate-specific system was only present in preparations from female rats and primarily catalyzed hydroxylation in position 15beta but also in position 7beta. In contrast to this, male liver microsomes were more efficient than female liver microsomes in hydroxylating free steroids; these were hydroxylated in positions 2alpha,2beta,6alpha,6beta,7alpha,7beta,16alpha, and 18. The sulfate-specific hydroxylase system in female liver microsomes was found to have rigid requirements c concerning the structure of ring D in the substrate molecule; only 17beta-sulfates (C18 and C19 steroids) and 21-sulfates (C21 steroids) were hydroxylated. Less rigid criteria, however, exist concerning the structure of ring A. The following K-m values were determined for microsomal 15beta-hydroxylation: 5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol disulfate, 17.2 muM; 5beta-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol disulfate, 16muM;5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol 17-sulfate, 26 muM; and estradiol 17-sulfate, 181 muM. Some of the regulatory mechanism controlling the activity of the sex-specific 15beta-hydroxylase system also have been studied and compared to the mechanism controlling the activities of the less specific 2alpha-, 7alpha-, and 18-hydroxylase systems active on 5alpha-[4-14C]androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol. Biliary drainage did not affect the 15beta-hydroxylase activity, whereas the 2alpha- and 7alpha-hydroxylase activities decreased.. (+info)Metabolism of [4-14C] testosterone in the rat uterus in vitro. (4/29)
In view of the uterine action of androgens we have investigated in vitro the metabolism of [4-14C]-testosterone in uterine tissue of ovariectomized rats. After purification of the extracts on Amberlite XAD-2 the metabolites have been isolated by gel. Five metabolites were isolated and identified during these incubation studies: 4-androstene 3,17-dione, 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one, 5 alpha-androstane-3alpha17beta-diol, 4-androstene-3 beta, 17beta-diol and 4-androstene-3alpha, 17beta-diol. Furthermore, two polar C19O3-metabolites and one isopolar to 5 alpha-androstane-3, 17-dione have also been detected. The metabolites were characterized by radioactive gas chromatogrphy, and determination of the relative specific activity in the eluates of Sephadex column chromatography. The identification of allylic alcohols was complemented by their oxidation to 4-androstene-3,17-dione. The present data show that activity of 17beta,3alpha- and 3beta-hydroxysteroid-oxidoreductase and 5alpha-ring-reductase are involved in the metabolism of testosterone in vitro in the rat uterus. The very low 5 alpha-reductase activity under the experimental conditions used in this work explains the formation of allylalcohols as the principal metabolites of testosterone in the rat uterus. (+info)Changes with age in the occurrence of C19 steroids in the testis and submaxillary gland of the boar. (5/29)
After extraction from the testes of boars of different ages, C19 steroids including 16-androstenes were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. Similarly, 16-androstenes were determined in the submaxillary glands of these boars. A high concentration of testosterone was found in the testes of 84-day-old fetuses, and this might be significant in the differentiation of male behaviour. The amount of testosterone exceeded that of androstenedione during postnatal development, and dehydroepiandrosterone and 5-androstenediol as free and sulphates were found in high concentrations particularly in postpubertal boars, suggesting that the 5-ene pathway for the synthesis of testosterone might be important. There was a change in the predominance of individual 16-androstenes in the testis during development, which closely paralleled the sequence for the biosynthesis of these compounds proposed from previous studies in vitro. Whereas the amount of 5alpha-androst-16-en-3beta-ol exceeded that of 5alpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-ol in post-pubertal testes, 5alpha-androst-16-en-3alpha-ol was predominant in the submaxillary glands at all ages. The high concentration of 16-androstenes found in the mature boar, are discussed in relation to their release as pheromones and as factors responsible for taint in boar meat. (+info)The occurrence of C19 steroids in testicular tissue and submaxillary glands of intersex pigs in relation to morphological characteristics. (6/29)
Five true hermaphrodite pigs and two male pseudohermaphrodite pigs were studied. A 38XX sex chromosome constitution was found in peripheral leucocytes of three true hermaphrodites and in one male pseudohermaphrodite; XX/XY mixoploidy was present in the leucocytes of the remaining male pseudohermaphrodite. The occurrence of C19 steroids, including 16-androstenes, in the testicular tissue and submaxillary gland of intersex pigs was of a similar pattern to that found previously in mature boars, and masculinization of the genital tract was related to the amount of testicular tissue present. It is postulated that in the absence of germ cells in the testicular tissue of intersex pigs the Sertoli cells may be involved in the metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone to 5-androstenediol, a possible testosterone precursor in the pig. The high levels of 16-androstenes found in the submaxillary gland of intersex pigs indicates that these steroids are responsible for 'boar taint' in these animals. In contrast to the boar, no consistent relationship was found between the occurrence of C19 steroids and the degree of masculinization of the submaxillary gland; it is postulated that the predominantly female genetic constitution may have affected the response of the salivary gland to androgen. (+info)Quantification and profiling of 19-norandrosterone and 19-noretiocholanolone in human urine after consumption of a nutritional supplement and norsteroids. (7/29)
Nandrolone is one of the synthetic anabolic steroids banned in sports and has been a popular substance abused by athletes in recent years. One of its major metabolites, 19-norandrosterone (19-NA), has been used as a determinant for drug violations in sports. Current reports regarding nandrolone-positive cases have been related to intake of some nandrolone-free nutritional supplements. The aim of this study was to learn whether if a nutritional supplement sold by over-the-counter (OTC) nutritional stores could yield the same metabolic products as that of nandrolone. If so, what is (are) the substance(s) that contributed to the nandrolone metabolites? To determine the content of an OTC nutritional supplement, a tablet was dissolved in methanol, followed by N-methyl-N-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (MSTFA)-trimethyliodosilane (TMIS) derivatization prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The collected urine samples underwent extraction, enzymatic hydrolysis, and derivatization before the analyses of GC-MS. The results showed that seven anabolic steroids were found as contaminants in the nutritional supplement, in addition to six that were listed in the ingredients by the manufacturer. We confirmed previous reports that administration of the OTC supplement could produce a positive urine test for nandrolone metabolites. Furthermore, the results from excretion studies showed that 19-NA and 19-noretiocholanolone (19-NE) were present in urine after consuming the nutritional supplement, nandrolone, 19-nor-4-androsten-3,17-dione, 19-nor-4-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol, and 19-nor-5-androsten-3beta,17beta-diol. The 19-NA concentrations in urine were generally higher than that of 19-NE (19-NA/19-NE ratio > 1.0) especially during the early stage of excretion, that is, before 6 h post-administration. After this period of time, the concentrations of 19-NA and 19-NE fluctuated and might even have reversed (19-NA/19-NE ratio < 1.0) in their ratio, that is, higher yield in 19-NE than that in 19-NA. On the basis of this study, we postulate that some doping violations of nandrolone could be attributed by indiscriminate administration of the OTC nutritional supplements that contained 19-norsteroids. (+info)Unintentional doping through the use of contaminated nutritional supplements. (8/29)
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the intake of contaminated nutritional supplements could cause an athlete to fail a dope test. DESIGN: A contaminated nutritional supplement was used, identified in an ongoing study screening over-the-counter nutritional supplements. One capsule of the supplement, containing small amounts of 19-nor-4-androstenedione and 4-androsten-3,17-dione, not listed on the label, was administered to 5 healthy male volunteers. Fractional urine collection was done at prescribed intervals. Outcome measures. The samples were analysed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Samples containing 19-norandrosterone, the main metabolite of 19-nor-4-androstenedione, were quantified using GC/MS. RESULTS: All the volunteers had urinary concentrations of 19-norandrosterone above the World Anti-Doping Agency threshold of 2 ng/ml from 2 hours post administration. In 2 volunteers 19-norandrosterone above the threshold value could still be detected beyond 36 hours post administration. The highest concentration of 19-norandrosterone found in a sample was 54.6 ng/ml at 8 hours post administration. CONCLUSION: The results of this study showed that the intake of microgram amounts of a prohibited substance in a nutritional supplement could cause an athlete to fail a dope test. (+info)... androstenediols MeSH D04.808.054.079.429.154.050 --- androstenediol MeSH D04.808.054.079.429.154.349 --- fluoxymesterone MeSH ...
plural androstenediols). (biochemistry) Any of a group of related steroid androgens. LoveToKnow. www.yourdictionary.com/ ... noun androstenediol (plural androstenediols). de Bei den Reaktionen mit den Substraten Androstenediol, Testosteron und ... plural androstenediols). (biochemistry) Any of a group of related steroid androgens. androstenediol m (uncountable). ( ... is one of two androstenediols. Its potential use as a radiation countermeasure was studied by.. Androstenediol price, ...
esterol (es); 固醇 (yue); Szterol (hu); Esterol (eu); стерины (ru); Sterine (de); Стэрыны (be); Стерол (sr-ec); 固醇 (zh); Sterol (da); Sterol (tr); 固醇 (zh-hk); Sterol (sv); Стерини (uk); 固醇 (zh-hant); 固醇 (zh-cn); Sterolit (fi); Sterolo (eo); sterol (cs); Steroli (it); Stérol (fr); 固醇 (zh-tw); 스테롤 (ko); Стерол (mk); Esterol (gl); Ստերիներ (hy); esterol (pt); Sterol (sr-el); स्टेरॉल (hi); Sterol (ro); Sterol (sr); Sterol (sl); Sterol (nl); sterol (pl); 固醇 (zh-sg); สเตอรอล (th); sterol (nn); sterol (nb); Sterol (sh); Lemak sterol (id); esterol (ca); ステロール (ja); استرول (fa); sterol (en); ستيرول (ar); 固醇 (zh-hans); סטרול (he) tipo de esteroide (es); Chemische Verbindung (de); any organic compound that is a steroid having a hydroxyl group attached to C3 position (en); Pisu molekular handiko alkohol esteroidea, egituran ziklopentanoa eta fenantrenoa dituena
Androstenediols [D04.808.054.079.429.154]. *Fluoxymesterone [D04.808.054.079.429.154.349]. *Steroids, Fluorinated [D04.808.908] ...
... androstenediols, oxandrolone, or other anabolic agents such as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or growth hormone within 12 weeks ...
... androstenediols MeSH D04.808.054.079.429.154.050 --- androstenediol MeSH D04.808.054.079.429.154.349 --- fluoxymesterone MeSH ...
... androstenediones and androstenediols), 100 mg chrysin, and 100 mg elk velvet antler per serving. Hormone analysis for total ...
Weinberger, M., Roudebush, R. L., Tierney, W. M., Ayanian, J. Z., Burnam, A., Escarce, J. J., Hays, R. D., Horner, R. D., McHorney, C. A., Oddone, E. Z., Romano, P., Powe, N. R. & Stearns, S. C. Jan 1 2000 In : Medical care. 38, 1, p. 1-3 3 p.. Research output: Contribution to journal › Editorial ...
NCI04) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0016366) =Steroid; Pharmacologic Substance; Hormone =Androstenediols; Steroids, Fluorinated; [ ...
Xiao S, Yosef N, Yang J, Wang Y, Zhou L, Zhu C, Wu C, Baloglu E, Schmidt D, Ramesh R, Lobera M, Sundrud MS, Tsai PY, Xiang Z, Wang J, Xu Y, Lin X, Kretschmer K, Rahl PB, Young RA, Zhong Z, Hafler DA, Regev A, Ghosh S, Marson A, Kuchroo VK. Small-molecule ROR?t antagonists inhibit T helper 17 cell transcriptional network by divergent mechanisms. Immunity. 2014 Apr 17; 40(4):477-89 ...
An intermediate in testosterone biosynthesis, found in the testis or the adrenal glands. Androstenediol, derived from dehydroepiandrosterone by the reduction of the 17-keto group (17-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases), is converted to testosterone by the oxidation of the 3-beta hydroxyl group to a 3-keto group (3-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases). [PubChem]
Sales of androstenediols and other pro-androgen hormones without a prescription are prohibited in the United States. ...
Sales of androstenediols and other pro-androgen hormones without a prescription are prohibited in the United States. ...
... androstenediols, pregnenolone sulfate) compared to those without depressive symptoms. Cortisol/DHEA-S ratio, an indicator of ...
D4.210.500.54.79.429.154.50 Androstenediols D4.808.54.79.429.154 D4.210.500.54.79.429.154 Androstenedione D4.808.54.79.329 ...
Androstenediols - blood , Risk Assessment , Humans , Middle Aged , Risk Factors , Androstenedione - blood , Sex Hormone-Binding ...
NCI04) ( NCI )] (UMLS (NCI) C0016366) =Steroid; Pharmacologic Substance; Hormone =Androstenediols; Steroids, Fluorinated; [ ...
- RESULTS: Participants with depressive symptoms had lower neuroactive steroids (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), androstenediols, pregnenolone sulfate) compared to those without depressive symptoms. (harvard.edu)
- noun androstenediol (plural androstenediols). (lhr-schau.xyz)