Androgen binding protein. Medical search

Carrier proteins produced in the Sertoli cells of the testis, secreted into the seminiferous tubules, and transported via the efferent ducts to the epididymis. They participate in the transport of androgens. Androgen-binding protein has the same amino acid sequence as SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN. They differ by their sites of synthesis and post-translational oligosaccharide modifications.

The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS.

Compounds that interact with ANDROGEN RECEPTORS in target tissues to bring about the effects similar to those of TESTOSTERONE. Depending on the target tissues, androgenic effects can be on SEX DIFFERENTIATION; male reproductive organs, SPERMATOGENESIS; secondary male SEX CHARACTERISTICS; LIBIDO; development of muscle mass, strength, and power.

Proteins, generally found in the CYTOPLASM, that specifically bind ANDROGENS and mediate their cellular actions. The complex of the androgen and receptor migrates to the CELL NUCLEUS where it induces transcription of specific segments of DNA.

A disorder of sexual development transmitted as an X-linked recessive trait. These patients have a karyotype of 46,XY with end-organ resistance to androgen due to mutations in the androgen receptor (RECEPTORS, ANDROGEN) gene. Severity of the defect in receptor quantity or quality correlates with their phenotypes. In these genetic males, the phenotypic spectrum ranges from those with normal female external genitalia, through those with genital ambiguity as in Reifenstein Syndrome, to that of a normal male with INFERTILITY.

Steroidal compounds related to TESTOSTERONE, the major mammalian male sex hormone. Testosterone congeners include important testosterone precursors in the biosynthetic pathways, metabolites, derivatives, and synthetic steroids with androgenic activities.

A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.

A potent androgenic steroid and major product secreted by the LEYDIG CELLS of the TESTIS. Its production is stimulated by LUTEINIZING HORMONE from the PITUITARY GLAND. In turn, testosterone exerts feedback control of the pituitary LH and FSH secretion. Depending on the tissues, testosterone can be further converted to DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE or ESTRADIOL.

A glycoprotein migrating as a beta-globulin. Its molecular weight, 52,000 or 95,000-115,000, indicates that it exists as a dimer. The protein binds testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol in the plasma. Sex hormone-binding protein has the same amino acid sequence as ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN. They differ by their sites of synthesis and post-translational oligosaccharide modifications.

A gland in males that surrounds the neck of the URINARY BLADDER and the URETHRA. It secretes a substance that liquefies coagulated semen. It is situated in the pelvic cavity behind the lower part of the PUBIC SYMPHYSIS, above the deep layer of the triangular ligament, and rests upon the RECTUM.

Compounds which inhibit or antagonize the biosynthesis or actions of androgens.

Supporting cells projecting inward from the basement membrane of SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES. They surround and nourish the developing male germ cells and secrete ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN and hormones such as ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE. The tight junctions of Sertoli cells with the SPERMATOGONIA and SPERMATOCYTES provide a BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER.

Effects of spinal cord injury on spermatogenesis and the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for Sertoli cell proteins in rat Sertoli cell-enriched testes. (1/242)

The study was an examination of the effects of spinal cord injury (SCI) on spermatogenesis and Sertoli cell functions in adult rats with Sertoli cell-enriched (SCE) testes. The effects of SCI on the seminiferous epithelium were characterized by abnormalities in the remaining spermatogenic cells during the first month after SCI. Three days after SCI, serum testosterone levels were 80% lower, while serum FSH and LH levels were 25% and 50% higher, respectively, than those of sham control SCE rats. At this time, the levels of mRNA for androgen receptor (AR), FSH receptor (FSH-R), and androgen-binding protein (ABP) were normal whereas those for transferrin (Trf) had decreased by 40%. Thereafter, serum testosterone levels increased, but they remained lower than those of the sham control rats 28 days after SCI; and serum FSH and LH levels returned to normal. The levels of mRNA for AR, ABP, and Trf exhibited a biphasic increase 7 days after SCI and remained elevated 28 days after SCI. FSH-R mRNA levels were also elevated 90 days after SCI. Unexpectedly, active spermatogenesis, including qualitatively complete spermatogenesis, persisted in > 40% of the tubules 90 days after SCI. These results suggest that the stem cells and/or undifferentiated spermatogonia in SCE testes are less susceptible to the deleterious effects of SCI than the normal testes and that they were able to proliferate and differentiate after SCI. The presence of elevated levels of mRNA for Sertoli cell FSH-R and AR, as well as of that for the Sertoli cell proteins, in the SCE testes during the chronic stage of SCI suggests a modification of Sertoli cell physiology. Such changes in Sertoli cell functions may provide a beneficial environment for the proliferation of the stem cells and differentiation of postmeiotic cells, thus resulting in the persistence of spermatogenesis in these testes. (+info)

Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF-kappaB factor. (2/242)

The induction of immunity genes in Drosophila has been proposed to be dependent on Dorsal, Dif, and Relish, the NF-kappaB-related factors. Here we provide genetic evidence that Dif is required for the induction of only a subset of antimicrobial peptide genes. The results show that the presence of Dif without Dorsal is sufficient to mediate the induction of drosomycin and defensin. We also demonstrate that Dif is a downstream component of the Toll signaling pathway in activating the drosomycin expression. These results reveal that individual members of the NF-kappaB family in Drosophila have distinct roles in immunity and development. (+info)

Characterization of lipid efflux particles generated by seminal phospholipid-binding proteins. (3/242)

We reported recently that the choline phospholipid-binding proteins (BSP-A1/-A2, BSP-A3 and BSP-30-kDa) of bovine seminal plasma (BSP) stimulate cholesterol and choline phospholipid efflux from fibroblasts. In this study, we characterized the lipid efflux particles generated by BSP proteins. The density gradient ultracentrifugation of the efflux medium from radiolabeled fibroblasts incubated with BSP proteins showed a single peak of [3H]cholesterol between density (d) 1.12 and 1.14 g/ml, which is in the range of high-density lipoproteins. Size-exclusion chromatographic and immunoblot analysis revealed that the efflux particles have a large size equal to or bigger than very low-density lipoproteins and contained BSP proteins. Lipid analysis of density gradient and gel filtration fractions from efflux medium of simultaneously labeled fibroblasts ([3H]cholesterol and [3H]choline) incubated with BSP proteins showed that the efflux particles were homogeneous and composed of cholesterol and choline phospholipids. The lipid particles contained BSP proteins, cholesterol and choline phospholipids in molar ratio of 0.05:1.21:1, respectively. Agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the BSP-generated lipid particles had a gamma migration pattern which is slower than low-density lipoproteins. The sonication of cholesterol and BSP proteins followed by gel filtration chromatographic analysis indicated no direct binding of cholesterol to BSP proteins. These results taken together indicate that BSP proteins induce a concomitant cholesterol and choline phospholipid efflux and generate large protein-lipid particles. (+info)

Selective activation of the probasin androgen-responsive region by steroid hormones. (4/242)

Glucocorticoid and androgen receptors have been shown to function through the same palindromic glucocorticoid response element (GRE) and yet have differential effects on gene transcription. In this study, we examined the functional and structural relationship of the androgen and glucocorticoid receptors with the androgen responsive region (ARR) of the probasin (PB) gene containing two androgen receptor binding sites, ARBS-1 and ARBS-2. Transfection studies indicated that one copy of each cis-acting DNA element was essential for maximal androgen-induced chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity and that androgen selectivity was maintained when multiple copies of the minimal wild type (wt) androgen responsive region containing both ARBS-1 and ARBS-2 (-244 to -96) were subcloned in front of the thymidine kinase promoter. Furthermore, replacing the androgen response region with 1, 2 or 3 copies of either ARBS-1 or ARBS-2 restored less than 4% of the biological activity seen with the wt PB ARR. Multiple copies of either ARBS-1 or ARBS-2 did not result in glucocorticoid-induced CAT gene activity. By comparison, 1 or 2 copies of the tyrosine aminotransferase (TAT) GRE, as well as the mouse mammary tumour virus GRE, were strong inducers of CAT activity in response to both androgen and glucocorticoid treatment. In addition, band shift assays demonstrated that although the synthetic glucocorticoid receptor, GR-DNA binding domain (GR-DBD), and the synthetic androgen receptor, AR2, could interact with the TAT GRE (dissociation constants Kd of 63.9 and 14.1 respectively), only AR2 but not GR-DBD binding could be detected on ARBS-1 and ARBS-2. Our findings provide further evidence that androgen-induced regulation of gene transcription can occur through androgen-specific DNA binding sites that are distinct from the common GRE. (+info)

The addition of adenovirus type 5 region E3 enables calydon virus 787 to eliminate distant prostate tumor xenografts. (5/242)

CV787, a novel highly prostate-specific replication-competent adenovirus with improved efficacy, was constructed. CV787 contains the prostate-specific rat probasin promoter, driving the adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E1A gene, and the human prostate-specific enhancer/promoter, driving the E1B gene. To improve efficacy, we constructed CV787 such that it also contains the entire Ad5 E3 region. CV787 replicates in prostate-specific antigen (PSA)+ cells as well as wild-type adenovirus, but in PSA- cells, CV787 replicates 10(4)-10(5) times less efficiently. CV787 destroys PSA+ prostate cancer cells 10,000 times more efficiently than PSA- cells. Incorporation of the Ad5 E3 region significantly improves the target cell killing ability or efficacy of CV787. In nu/nu mice carrying s.c. LNCaP xenografts, a single i.v. tail vein injection of CV787 eliminates 300-mm3 tumors within 4 weeks. CV787 could be a powerful therapeutic for human metastatic prostate cancer. (+info)

Reduced nucleotide variability at an androgen-binding protein locus (Abpa) in house mice: evidence for positive natural selection. (6/242)

Previous work has shown that the gene for the alpha subunit of androgen-binding protein, Abpa, may be involved in premating isolation between different subspecies of the house mouse, Mus musculus. We investigated patterns of DNA sequence variation at Abpa within and between species of mice to test several predictions of a model of neutral molecular evolution. Intraspecific variation among 10 Mus musculus domesticus alleles was compared with divergence between M. m. domesticus and M. caroli for Abpa and two X-linked genes, Glra2 and Amg. No variation was observed at Abpa within M. m. domesticus. The ratio of polymorphism to divergence was significantly lower at Abpa than at Glra2 and Amg, despite the fact that all three genes experience similar rates of recombination. Interspecific comparisons among M. m. domesticus, Mus musculus musculus, Mus musculus castaneus, Mus spretus, Mus spicilegus, and Mus caroli revealed that the ratio of nonsynonymous substitutions to synonymous substitutions on a per-site basis (Ka/Ks) was generally greater than one. The combined observations of no variation at Abpa within M. m: domesticus and uniformly high Ka/Ks values between species suggest that positive directional selection has acted recently at this locus. (+info)

Heterotopic endochondrial ossification with mixed tumor formation in C3(1)/Tag transgenic mice is associated with elevated TGF-beta1 and BMP-2 expression. (7/242)

Transgenic mice which express the simian virus 40 large T-antigen (Tag) under the regulatory control of the hormone responsive rat C3(1) gene develop unusual lesions of heterotopic bone growth associated with mixed tumor formation arising from eccrine sweat glands found only in the foot pads of mice, ischiocavernosus muscle adjacent to bulbourethral glands and occasionally the salivary and mammary glands. These lesions are very similar to mixed tumors arising in several types of human cancers. Based upon electron microscopic examination and immunocytochemical analyses of cellular differentiation markers, the mixed proliferative lesions in this transgenic mouse model begin with the Tag-induced proliferation of epithelial and myoepithelial cells. The proliferation of these two types of cells results in hyperplasia and adenomatous transformation of the epithelial component, whereas the proliferating myoepithelial cells undergo metaplasia to form chondrocytes which deposit extracellular matrix, including collagen fibers. Cartilage develops focally between areas of epithelial proliferation and subsequently ossifies through a process of endochondrial bone formation. The metaplasia of myoepithelial cells to chondrocytes appears to require the inductive interaction of factors produced by the closely associated proliferating epithelial cells, including members of the TGF-beta superfamily. We demonstrate that TGF-beta1 protein accumulates in the extracellular matrix of the lesions, whereas RNA in situ hybridization reveals that BMP-2, another strong inducer of heterotopic bone formation, is overexpressed by the proliferating epithelial cells during the development of ectopic bone. The formation of sarcomatous tumors within the mixed tumors appears to be androgen-dependent and more frequent in mice lacking a normal allele of p53. This process of cartilage and bone induction may mimic epithelial-mesenchymal interactions which occur during embryonic bone formation. These transgenic mice may provide new insights into the processes of ectopic endochondrial bone formation associated with mixed tumor formation and serve as a useful model for human heterotopic bone disease. (+info)

Mice without phosphatidylcholine transfer protein have no defects in the secretion of phosphatidylcholine into bile or into lung airspaces. (8/242)

Phosphatidylcholine transfer protein (Pc-tp) is a highly specific carrier of phosphatidylcholine (PC) without known function. Proposed functions include the supply of PC required for secretion into bile or lung air space (surfactant) and the facilitation of enzymatic reactions involving PC synthesis or breakdown. To test these functions, we generated knock-out mice unable to make Pc-tp. Remarkably, these mice are normal and have no defect in any of the postulated Pc-tp functions analyzed. The lipid content and composition of the bile, as well as lung surfactant secretion and composition, of Pc-tp (-/-) mice, is normal. The lack of a Pc-tp contribution to biliary lipid secretion is in agreement with our finding that Pc-tp is down-regulated in adult mouse liver: whereas Pc-tp is abundant in the liver of mouse pups, Pc-tp levels decrease > 10-fold around 2 wk after birth, when bile formation starts. In adult mice, Pc-tp levels are high only in epididymis, testis, kidney, and bone marrow-derived mast cells. Absence of Pc-tp in bone marrow-derived mast cells does not affect their lipid composition or PC synthesis and degradation. We discuss how PC might reach the canalicular membrane of the hepatocyte for secretion into the bile, if not by Pc-tp. (+info)

Androgen-binding protein (ABP) is a protein that binds specifically to androgens, which are hormones such as testosterone that play a role in male sexual development and masculine characteristics. ABP is produced in the Sertoli cells of the testes and helps to regulate the levels of androgens within the testes by storing them and slowly releasing them over time. This is important for maintaining normal sperm production and male reproductive function.

ABP is also found in other tissues, including the prostate gland, where it may play a role in regulating the growth and development of this tissue. Abnormal levels of ABP have been associated with certain medical conditions, such as prostate cancer and infertility.

The testis, also known as the testicle, is a male reproductive organ that is part of the endocrine system. It is located in the scrotum, outside of the abdominal cavity. The main function of the testis is to produce sperm and testosterone, the primary male sex hormone.

The testis is composed of many tiny tubules called seminiferous tubules, where sperm are produced. These tubules are surrounded by a network of blood vessels, nerves, and supportive tissues. The sperm then travel through a series of ducts to the epididymis, where they mature and become capable of fertilization.

Testosterone is produced in the Leydig cells, which are located in the interstitial tissue between the seminiferous tubules. Testosterone plays a crucial role in the development and maintenance of male secondary sexual characteristics, such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle mass. It also supports sperm production and sexual function.

Abnormalities in testicular function can lead to infertility, hormonal imbalances, and other health problems. Regular self-examinations and medical check-ups are recommended for early detection and treatment of any potential issues.

Androgens are a class of hormones that are primarily responsible for the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics and reproductive function. Testosterone is the most well-known androgen, but other androgens include dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstenedione, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT).

Androgens are produced primarily by the testes in men and the ovaries in women, although small amounts are also produced by the adrenal glands in both sexes. They play a critical role in the development of male secondary sexual characteristics during puberty, such as the growth of facial hair, deepening of the voice, and increased muscle mass.

In addition to their role in sexual development and function, androgens also have important effects on bone density, mood, and cognitive function. Abnormal levels of androgens can contribute to a variety of medical conditions, including infertility, erectile dysfunction, acne, hirsutism (excessive hair growth), and prostate cancer.

Androgen receptors (ARs) are a type of nuclear receptor protein that are expressed in various tissues throughout the body. They play a critical role in the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics and reproductive function. ARs are activated by binding to androgens, which are steroid hormones such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Once activated, ARs function as transcription factors that regulate gene expression, ultimately leading to various cellular responses.

In the context of medical definitions, androgen receptors can be defined as follows:

Androgen receptors are a type of nuclear receptor protein that bind to androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, and mediate their effects on gene expression in various tissues. They play critical roles in the development and maintenance of male sexual characteristics and reproductive function, and are involved in the pathogenesis of several medical conditions, including prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and androgen deficiency syndromes.

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS) is a genetic condition that occurs in individuals who are genetically male (have one X and one Y chromosome) but are resistant to androgens, which are hormones that play a role in male sexual development. This resistance is caused by changes (mutations) in the gene for the androgen receptor.

There are three main types of AIS: complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS), and mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS).

In CAIS, individuals are completely resistant to androgens, which results in the development of female external genitalia at birth. Despite having testes, these individuals do not have a functioning male reproductive system and typically have a female gender identity. They may be diagnosed during adolescence when they do not begin to menstruate or experience other signs of puberty.

In PAIS and MAIS, the degree of androgen insensitivity varies, resulting in a range of physical characteristics that can include both male and female features. These individuals may have ambiguous genitalia at birth, and their gender identity may not align with their genetic sex.

It's important to note that people with AIS are typically healthy and do not have an increased risk of medical conditions beyond those related to their hormonal differences. However, they may face challenges related to their gender identity, sexual development, and fertility. It is recommended that individuals with AIS receive comprehensive medical care and support from a team of healthcare professionals who specialize in this condition.

Testosterone congeners refer to structural analogs or derivatives of testosterone, which is the primary male sex hormone and an androgen. These are compounds that have a similar chemical structure to testosterone and may exhibit similar biological activities. Testosterone congeners can be naturally occurring or synthetic and include a variety of compounds such as androgens, anabolic steroids, and estrogens. They can be used in medical treatments, but some are also misused for performance enhancement or other non-medical purposes, which can lead to various health risks and side effects.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is a sex hormone and androgen that plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of male characteristics, such as facial hair, deep voice, and muscle mass. It is synthesized from testosterone through the action of the enzyme 5-alpha reductase. DHT is essential for the normal development of the male genitalia during fetal development and for the maturation of the sexual organs at puberty.

In addition to its role in sexual development, DHT also contributes to the growth of hair follicles, the health of the prostate gland, and the maintenance of bone density. However, an excess of DHT has been linked to certain medical conditions, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness).

DHT exerts its effects by binding to androgen receptors in various tissues throughout the body. Once bound, DHT triggers a series of cellular responses that regulate gene expression and influence the growth and differentiation of cells. In some cases, these responses can lead to unwanted side effects, such as hair loss or prostate enlargement.

Medications that block the action of 5-alpha reductase, such as finasteride and dutasteride, are sometimes used to treat conditions associated with excess DHT production. These drugs work by reducing the amount of DHT available to bind to androgen receptors, thereby alleviating symptoms and slowing disease progression.

In summary, dihydrotestosterone is a potent sex hormone that plays a critical role in male sexual development and function. While it is essential for normal growth and development, an excess of DHT has been linked to certain medical conditions, such as BPH and androgenetic alopecia. Medications that block the action of 5-alpha reductase are sometimes used to treat these conditions by reducing the amount of DHT available to bind to androgen receptors.

Testosterone is a steroid hormone that belongs to androsten class of hormones. It is primarily secreted by the Leydig cells in the testes of males and, to a lesser extent, by the ovaries and adrenal glands in females. Testosterone is the main male sex hormone and anabolic steroid. It plays a key role in the development of masculine characteristics, such as body hair and muscle mass, and contributes to bone density, fat distribution, red cell production, and sex drive. In females, testosterone contributes to sexual desire and bone health. Testosterone is synthesized from cholesterol and its production is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) is a protein produced mainly in the liver that plays a crucial role in regulating the active forms of the sex hormones, testosterone and estradiol, in the body. SHBG binds to these hormones in the bloodstream, creating a reservoir of bound hormones. Only the unbound (or "free") fraction of testosterone and estradiol is considered biologically active and can easily enter cells to exert its effects.

By binding to sex hormones, SHBG helps control their availability and transport in the body. Factors such as age, sex, infection with certain viruses (like hepatitis or HIV), liver disease, obesity, and various medications can influence SHBG levels and, consequently, impact the amount of free testosterone and estradiol in circulation.

SHBG is an essential factor in maintaining hormonal balance and has implications for several physiological processes, including sexual development, reproduction, bone health, muscle mass, and overall well-being. Abnormal SHBG levels can contribute to various medical conditions, such as hypogonadism (low testosterone levels), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and certain types of cancer.

The prostate is a small gland that is part of the male reproductive system. Its main function is to produce a fluid that, together with sperm cells from the testicles and fluids from other glands, makes up semen. This fluid nourishes and protects the sperm, helping it to survive and facilitating its movement.

The prostate is located below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It surrounds part of the urethra, the tube that carries urine and semen out of the body. This means that prostate problems can affect urination and sexual function. The prostate gland is about the size of a walnut in adult men.

Prostate health is an important aspect of male health, particularly as men age. Common prostate issues include benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is an enlarged prostate not caused by cancer, and prostate cancer, which is one of the most common types of cancer in men. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help to detect any potential problems early and improve outcomes.

Androgen antagonists are a class of drugs that block the action of androgens, which are hormones that contribute to male sexual development and characteristics. They work by binding to androgen receptors in cells, preventing the natural androgens from attaching and exerting their effects. This can be useful in treating conditions that are caused or worsened by androgens, such as prostate cancer, hirsutism (excessive hair growth in women), and acne. Examples of androgen antagonists include flutamide, bicalutamide, and spironolactone.

Sertoli cells, also known as sustentacular cells or nurse cells, are specialized cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testis in mammals. They play a crucial role in supporting and nurturing the development of sperm cells (spermatogenesis). Sertoli cells create a microenvironment within the seminiferous tubules that facilitates the differentiation, maturation, and survival of germ cells.

These cells have several essential functions:

1. Blood-testis barrier formation: Sertoli cells form tight junctions with each other, creating a physical barrier called the blood-testis barrier, which separates the seminiferous tubules into basal and adluminal compartments. This barrier protects the developing sperm cells from the immune system and provides an isolated environment for their maturation.
2. Nutrition and support: Sertoli cells provide essential nutrients and growth factors to germ cells, ensuring their proper development and survival. They also engulf and digest residual bodies, which are byproducts of spermatid differentiation.
3. Phagocytosis: Sertoli cells have phagocytic properties, allowing them to remove debris and dead cells within the seminiferous tubules.
4. Hormone metabolism: Sertoli cells express receptors for various hormones, such as follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and estradiol. They play a role in regulating hormonal signaling within the testis by metabolizing these hormones or producing inhibins, which modulate FSH secretion from the pituitary gland.
5. Regulation of spermatogenesis: Sertoli cells produce and secrete various proteins and growth factors that influence germ cell development and proliferation. They also control the release of mature sperm cells into the epididymis through a process called spermiation.

Sex steroid-binding protein (SBP, SSBP) Androgen-binding protein (ABP) Estradiol-binding-protein (EBP) Testosterone-estradiol ... Androgen-Binding+Protein at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Ensembl Gene ref Protein ref ... Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or sex steroid-binding globulin (SSBG) is a glycoprotein that binds to androgens and ... 12 December 1994). "Structure, Function, and Regulation of Androgen-Binding Protein?Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin". Vitamins and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_hormone-binding_globulin

Aarnisalo P, Palvimo JJ, Jänne OA (Mar 1998). "CREB-binding protein in androgen receptor-mediated signaling". Proceedings of ... "Modulation of DNA binding properties of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon by heterodimer formation and interactions with ... Parry GC, Mackman N (Dec 1997). "Role of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein in cyclic AMP inhibition of NF-kappaB- ... Gerritsen ME, Williams AJ, Neish AS, Moore S, Shi Y, Collins T (Apr 1997). "CREB-binding protein/p300 are transcriptional ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RELA

Pereira F, Rosenmann E, Nylen E, Kaufman M, Pinsky L, Wrogemann K (March 1991). "The 56 kDa androgen binding protein is an ... This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenases family of proteins. Aldehyde dehydrogenase is the second enzyme of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ALDH1A1

Androgen Binding Proteins of Testis, Epididymis and Plasma in Man and Monkey. Vigersky RA, Andersen AE, Thompson RH, Loriaux DL ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Vigersky

Heinlein CA, Chang C (October 2002). "The roles of androgen receptors and androgen-binding proteins in nongenomic androgen ... Upon binding to androgens, the androgen receptor dissociates from accessory proteins, translocates into the nucleus, dimerizes ... Androgen receptors interact with certain signal transduction proteins in the cytoplasm. Androgen binding to cytoplasmic ... "The role of protein kinase A pathway and cAMP responsive element-binding protein in androgen receptor-mediated transcription at ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_receptor

... the androgen receptor is bound to heat shock proteins. These heat shock proteins are released upon androgen binding. Androgen ... Both androgens exert their influence through binding with the androgen receptor. Androgen binds with the androgen receptor. The ... but rather are the result of androgens bound to androgen receptors; the androgen receptor mediates the effects of androgens in ... AR stability is thought to be aided by type II coregulators, which modulate protein folding and androgen binding, or facilitate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_insensitivity_syndrome

FSH stimulates sustentacular cells to release androgen-binding protein, which promotes testosterone binding. LH binds to the ... Depending on which hormone and receptor are unable to bind different effects occur but all alter the HPG axis.[citation needed ... Examples of such necessary liver proteins are vitellogenin and choriogenin. The HPA, HPG, and HPT axes are three pathways in ... GnRH travels down the anterior portion of the pituitary via the hypophyseal portal system and binds to receptors on the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal_axis

2002). "Repression of androgen receptor mediated transcription by the ErbB-3 binding protein, Ebp1". Oncogene. 21 (36): 5609-18 ... 2006). "A protein-protein interaction network for human inherited ataxias and disorders of Purkinje cell degeneration". Cell. ... TATA element modulatory factor is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMF1 gene. TMF1 has been shown to interact with ... Hsiao, P W; Chang C (Aug 1999). "Isolation and characterization of ARA160 as the first androgen receptor N-terminal-associated ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMF1

They secrete androgen-binding protein, a binding protein which increases the concentration of testosterone. There are two types ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminiferous_tubule

ErbB3 binding protein 1) mediated repression of androgen receptor signalling". British Journal of Cancer. 92 (1): 140-6. doi: ... Proliferation-associated protein 2G4 (PA2G4) also known as ErbB3-binding protein 1 (EBP1) is a protein that in humans is ... This gene encodes an RNA-binding protein that is involved in growth regulation. This protein is present in pre-ribosomal ... Zhang Y, Hamburger AW (June 2004). "Heregulin regulates the ability of the ErbB3-binding protein Ebp1 to bind E2F promoter ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PA2G4

Barakat et al (2015). CCAAT/Enhancer binding protein β controls androgen-deprivation-induced senescence in prostate cancer ... Androgen deprivation-induced senescence (or ADIS) refers to the induction of cellular senescence as a result of androgen ... ADIS is observed in prostate cancer cells that are dependent on androgens for cell proliferation. Androgen withdrawal induces ... "Androgen Deprivation-Induced Senescence Promotes Outgrowth of Androgen-Refractory Prostate Cancer Cells". PLOS ONE. 8 (6): ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Androgen_deprivation-induced_senescence

The encoded protein also can bind androgen receptor, providing a link between transcriptional activation and splicing. PRPF6 ... Identification of the p102 U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle-binding protein as a coactivator for the receptor". J. ... Identification of the p102 U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle-binding protein as a coactivator for the receptor". J. ... Pre-mRNA-processing factor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRPF6 gene. The protein encoded by this gene appears ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PRPF6

... contraceptives containing ethinylestradiol and gestodene or norgestimate upon androgen parameters and serum binding proteins". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Kuhl

Johnson JL, Ellis BA, Noack D, Seabra MC, Catz SD (November 2005). "The Rab27a-binding protein, JFC1, regulates androgen- ... Strom M, Hume AN, Tarafder AK, Barkagianni E, Seabra MC (July 2002). "A family of Rab27-binding proteins. Melanophilin links ... Strom M, Hume AN, Tarafder AK, Barkagianni E, Seabra MC (July 2002). "A family of Rab27-binding proteins. Melanophilin links ... Synaptotagmin-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SYTL1 gene. Model organisms have been used in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SYTL1

... work together to regulate FSH secretion androgen-binding protein (also called testosterone-binding globulin) increases ... dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene on the expressions of transferrin and androgen-binding protein in rat Sertoli cells". ... a blood plasma protein for iron ion delivery testicular ceruloplasmin, a ceruloplasmin-like protein which is immunologically ... CD59, a surface molecule on SCs and a member of the complement regulatory proteins (CRP), inhibits the last step of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sertoli_cell

2005). "Antimicrobial activity of human EPPIN, an androgen-regulated, sperm-bound protein with a whey acidic protein motif". ... Eppin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPINLW1 gene. This gene encodes an epididymal protease inhibitor, which ... locus on human chromosome 20 contains several genes expressing protease inhibitor domains with homology to whey acidic protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPINLW1

Yenugu S, Hamil KG, Radhakrishnan Y, French FS, Hall SH (Jul 2004). "The androgen-regulated epididymal sperm-binding protein, ... "Primate epididymis-specific proteins: characterization of ESC42, a novel protein containing a trefoil-like motif in monkey and ... Beta-defensin 118 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DEFB118 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000131068 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEFB118

... an androgen-regulated NEDD4-binding protein, exhibits cell growth inhibitory function and decreased expression during prostate ... Transmembrane prostate androgen-induced protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PMEPA1 gene. TMEPAI has been ... an androgen-regulated NEDD4-binding protein, exhibits cell growth inhibitory function and decreased expression during prostate ... "Identification of multiple proteins expressed in murine embryos as binding partners for the WW domains of the ubiquitin-protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TMEPAI

"Anti-androgens and the mutated androgen receptor of LNCaP cells: differential effects on binding affinity, heat-shock protein ... Kang J, Kim T, Ko YG, Rho SB, Park SG, Kim MJ, Kwon HJ, Kim S (Oct 2000). "Heat shock protein 90 mediates protein-protein ... "Association of the 90-kDa heat shock protein does not affect the ligand-binding ability of androgen receptor". The Journal of ... "Binding of ATP to heat shock protein 90: evidence for an ATP-binding site in the C-terminal domain". The Journal of Biological ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_shock_protein_90kDa_alpha_(cytosolic),_member_A1

More specifically, the InterPro profiles link the two components of Fel d 1 to the rodent androgen-binding protein (ABP; not to ... Protein pages needing a picture, Mammalian proteins, Felinology, Glycoproteins). ... Fel d 1 is a secretoglobin protein complex that, in cats, is encoded by the CH1 (chain 1/Fel d 1-A) and CH2 (chain 2/Fel d 1-B ... Proteins matching the InterPro family signature for Fel d 1 parts is widespread among Theria, a subclass of mammals amongst the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fel_d_1

... "p300 and p300/cAMP-response element-binding protein-associated factor acetylate the androgen receptor at sites governing ... Enz R (Mar 2002). "The actin-binding protein Filamin-A interacts with the metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7". FEBS Letters ... Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRM4 gene. Together with GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8 it ... Gaughan L, Logan IR, Cook S, Neal DE, Robson CN (Jul 2002). "Tip60 and histone deacetylase 1 regulate androgen receptor ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_4

FOXO1 has been shown to interact with: androgen receptor, estrogen receptor alpha, CREB-binding protein, and tuberous sclerosis ... "DAF-16 recruits the CREB-binding protein coactivator complex to the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1 promoter in ... Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), also known as forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma (FKHR), is a protein that in humans is encoded by ... protein kinase B disrupts transactivation by FKHR and mediates effects of insulin on insulin-like growth factor-binding protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forkhead_box_protein_O1

... which is achieved via the binding of testosterone by androgen binding protein present in the seminiferous tubules. Testosterone ... FSH stimulates both the production of androgen binding protein (ABP) by Sertoli cells, and the formation of the blood-testis ... The protein FMRP binds to meiotic chromosomes and regulates the dynamics of the DDR machinery during spermatogenesis. FMRP ... blood-testis barrier Secrete substances initiating meiosis Secrete supporting testicular fluid Secrete androgen-binding protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermatogenesis

FSH enhances the production of androgen-binding protein by the Sertoli cells of the testes by binding to FSH receptors on their ... In males, FSH induces Sertoli cells to secrete androgen-binding proteins (ABPs), regulated by inhibin's negative feedback ... FSH binding is thought to upregulate neovascularization via at least two mechanisms - one in the VEGF pathway, and the other ... Hypothalamic control of pituitary FSH-regulatory proteins and their relationship to changes in FSH synthesis and secretion". ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follicle-stimulating_hormone

"The role of protein kinase A pathway and cAMP responsive element-binding protein in androgen receptor-mediated transcription at ... This protein is a CREB transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA-binding proteins. This protein ... Zhang Q, Vo N, Goodman RH (Jul 2000). "Histone binding protein RbAp48 interacts with a complex of CREB binding protein and ... CAMP responsive element binding protein 1, also known as CREB-1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CREB1 gene. This ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CREB1

... and A-homo-5 alpha-androstane derivatives with the androgen receptor and the epididymal androgen-binding protein". Steroids. 37 ... It binds to the estrogen receptor but does not bind to the androgen receptor or the progesterone receptor. In animals, anordrin ... Song S, Chen JK, He ML, Zuo SH, Fotherby K (1987). "Effect of Anordrin on serum levels of sex hormone binding globulin, ... Mehta RR, Jenco JM, Chatterton RT, Venton D (1982). "Antagonism of the actions of estrogens, androgens and progesterone by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anordrin

... of androgen-binding protein genes within the mouse Scgb gene superfamily". Human Genomics. 5 (6): 691-702. doi:10.1186/1479- ... Rat prostatein (rat prostatic steroid binding protein) is a three component, tetrameric protein complex built from three ... Härd T, Barnes HJ, Larsson C, Gustafsson JA, Lund J (November 1995). "Solution structure of a mammalian PCB-binding protein in ... v t e (Protein pages needing a picture, Articles using small message boxes, Incomplete lists from January 2022, Protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secretoglobin

Additionally, estrogen in the pills stimulates the liver to produce more of a protein that binds to androgens and reduces their ... Birth control pills are often prescribed to reverse the effects of excessive androgen levels, and decrease ovarian hormone ... scientists had isolated and determined the structure of the steroid hormones and found that high doses of androgens, estrogens ... as they prevent ovulation and decrease androgen production by the ovaries. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hormonal_contraception

... androgen-binding protein and Mullerian-inhibiting factor.[citation needed] The organ of Corti in the inner ear and taste buds ... "Odorant-Binding Proteins and Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes: Implications in Olfactory Perireceptor Events: Odorant-Binding ... Proteins and Metabolizing Enzymes". The Anatomical Record. 296 (9): 1333-1345. doi:10.1002/ar.22735. PMID 23907783. Zhuo, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustentacular_cell

RNA formation in transcripts of the human cytochrome P-450 2C18 gene in epidermis and of the rat androgen binding protein gene ... This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum but its specific substrate has not yet been determined. The gene is located ... Cytochrome P450 2C18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYP2C18 gene. This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome ... The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CYP2C18

We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored ... androgen receptor (AR) transcription activity that was repressed by P … ... DJBP: a novel DJ-1-binding protein, negatively regulates the androgen receptor by recruiting histone deacetylase complex, and ... We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12612053/

Sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binds to a specific protein on the surface of prostate, epididymis, and a human breast ... BINDING of SEX-HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN (SHBG) TO TESTICULAR MEMBRANES and SOLUBILIZED RECEPTORS Porto, C. S.; Abreu, L. C.; ... "ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN". 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T. U. V. W. X. Y. Z. * 0-9 ...

https://repositorio.unifesp.br/browse?type=subject&value=ANDROGEN-BINDING%20PROTEIN

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_hormone-binding_globulin

The androgen receptor protein binds androgens in the cell. This complex promotes cell growth and division. The presence or ... The Androgen Receptor. Male hormones such as testosterone are known as androgens. Androgen receptors (AR) are proteins found ... These cancers are called androgen-independent, or androgen-negative prostate cancers. Androgen-independent cancers are unlikely ... Once an androgen enters the cell and binds to an AR, the complex acts as a transcription factor, promoting cell growth. These ...

https://cancerquest.org/patients/cancer-type/prostate-cancer

... and of the androgen binding protein (Abp), androgen signaling is altered at D30, with decreased transcript levels of the ... Androgen-binding protein (ABP), produced by Sertoli cells under the regulation of FSH, increases the accumulation of androgens ... 1975Sertoli cell origin of testicular androgen-binding protein (ABP)Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2:339-50 ... 2007Loss of androgen receptor binding to selective androgen response elements causes a reproductive phenotype in a knockin ...

https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/85562

Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the blood transport protein for androgens and ... Most of the circulating testosterone is bound to carrier proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], and albumin). In women ... This data will allow for population estimates of the selected steroid hormones and related binding protein that can be used to ... About 98% of estradiol is bound to transport proteins (SHBG and albumin). Estrogen secretion has two surges during the ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2013-2014/TST_H.htm

... gene polymorphisms on sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and androgen binding protein (ABP) of male farmers has not been ...

https://fluoridealert.org/studytracker/33104/

Ma, Yang, Xu, Huang, Dai, Kang: "Testosterone regulates the autophagic clearance of androgen binding protein in rat Sertoli ... sex hormone binding globulin (Shbg) ELISA Kits. secretoglobin, family 1B, member 29 (Scgb1b29) ELISA Kits. Abp ELISA Kits. Abpa ... Androgen Binding Protein (ABP)). plays a role in extracellular transport of androgens [RGD, Feb 2006]. ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/ab/abp-62904/abp-elisa-kits-46204/

... and androgen-binding protein, which helps modulate androgen activity in the seminiferous tubules. In addition to stimulation by ... In the body, testosterone circulates 2% in the free form, 44% bound to sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and 54% bound to ... Androgen insensitivity as a cause of infertility in otherwise normal men. N Engl J Med. 1979 Feb 1. 300 (5):223-7. [QxMD ... Because the androgen receptor is essential for the process of spermatogenesis, dysfunctions in this receptor can cause ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/436829-overview

While FSH acts on Sertoli cells to produce androgen-binding protein, which is critical for spermatogenesis initiation and ... BPA competes with androgens to bind on sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), increasing serum-free androgen level. BPA exposure ... It is also important to note that EDCs exhibit multiple hormone-binding actions regardless of their binding to hormonal ... Non-coding RNA is the transcript of gene sequences that do not code for proteins but regulate its expression in a cis or trans ...

https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/75387

Testis-specific androgen-binding protein in Human (target type: SINGLE PROTEIN) [ChEMBL: CHEMBL3305] [UniProtKB: P04278] ... Testis-specific androgen-binding protein in Human [ChEMBL: CHEMBL3305] [UniProtKB: P04278] There should be some charts here, ... Binding affinity to human CBG receptor (corticosteroid-binding globulins) B 5 pKi 10000 nM Ki J Med Chem (2004) 47: 2732-2742 [ ... GPBA receptor/G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 1 in Human (target type: SINGLE PROTEIN) [ChEMBL: CHEMBL5409] [GtoPdb: 37] [ ...

https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/LigandActivityRangeVisForward?ligandId=2370

... and androgen binding protein were not affected by any of the dosages tested. Based on these end points, the no-effect level was ...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289308709_The_effects_of_quinine_therapy_on_the_seminal_fluid_analysis_and_histology_of_testes_of_male_rats

51 kDa FK506-binding protein; 54 kDa progesterone receptor-associated; Androgen-regulated protein 6; HSP90-binding immunophilin ... Polyclonal Antibody to FK506 Binding Protein 5 (FKBP5), P54; FKBP51; FKBP54; Ptg-10; Rotamase; ... 51 kDa FK506-binding protein; 54 kDa progesterone receptor-associated; Androgen-regulated protein 6; HSP90-binding immunophilin ... Polyclonal Antibody to FK506 Binding Protein 5 (FKBP5). WB. LAE645Hu81. FITC-Linked Polyclonal Antibody to FK506 Binding ...

https://www.uscnk.com/uscn/Antibody-to-FK506-Binding-Protein-5-FKBP5-16295.htm

Insulin-like growth factors, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and ovarian androgen production. Horm Res. 1994;42:49- ... C-peptide, insulin-like growth factors I and II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in cord serum of twins: genetic ... Regulation of human dermal papilla cell production of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 by retinoic acid, ... Lee KW, Cohen P. Nuclear effects: unexpected intracellular actions of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. J ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-69375-8_14?error=cookies_not_supported&code=d2fdb79b-2562-4385-b6f5-d52db64d1948

... with decreased GPx and GST activities were observed along with increased protein carbonylation, disturbed redox status in ... and plasma and testicular interstitial fluid androgen binding protein concentration," Endocrine Research, vol. 25, no. 3-4, pp ... J. Sedlak and R. H. Lindsay, "Estimation of total, protein-bound, and nonprotein sulfhydryl groups in tissue with Ellmans ... 1990) [28] and was expressed as nmol/mg protein.. For measuring protein-SH content, PMF and MF samples were first precipitated ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/637825/

Below right you can see that 28-brassinolide raised the concentration of the androgen-binding protein [ABP] and steroidogenic ... The StAR protein plays a key role in the conversion of cholesterol into testosterone. ...

https://www.ironmagazine.com/2012/28-homobrassinolide-boosts-testosterone-synthesis/

... synthesizes an androgen binding protein, and prevents meiosis. Leydig cells are first found at about 60 days of gestation. ... Dihydrotestosterone binds to the androgen receptor and initiates the events that lead to andro- gen action. As in the case of ... an increase in the levels of secretion of adrenal androgens and androgen precursors, called adrenarche, occurs. It is marked ... The androgen excess is a consequence of PCOS and is associ- ated with an increased risk of metabolic complications, including ...

https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/10028/chapter/5

Winstrol 10mg tablet works by binding to androgen receptors in the body, which stimulates protein synthesis and increases ...

https://hindibhashi.com/buy-winstrol-10mg-tablets-2/

It competes with existing testosterone and binds to the androgen binding protein leaving you with more free testosterone which ... I have a high protein diet(1.25g/lbs) which could drop it a little, but I am having issues with recovery, and cannot break ...

https://anabolicminds.com/community/threads/anabeta-elite-erase-pro-daa-stack.281851/

Crystal structure of the androgen receptor ligand binding domain in complex with SARM C-23 ... Find proteins for P10275 (Homo sapiens). Explore P10275 Go to UniProtKB: P10275 ... Effect of B-ring substitution pattern on binding mode of propionamide selective androgen receptor modulators. Bohl, C.E., Wu, Z ... Herein we report crystal structures of the androgen receptor (AR) ligand-binding domain (LBD) complexed to a series of potent ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3B67

Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that a protein called BET bromodomain protein 4 binds to the hormone androgen ... They found that JQ1 blocked androgen signaling even when cells no longer responded to current anti-androgen therapies. The JQ1 ... "We think we can target prostate cancer through androgen receptor signaling, rather than directly hitting the androgen receptor ... The researchers used a compound called JQ1, designed to inhibit BET bromodomain proteins, to test the concept in cell lines and ...

https://www.medindia.net/news/scientists-find-new-target-for-prostate-cancer-treatment-135190-1.htm

Crystal structure of DHT-bound androgen receptor in complex with the third motif of steroid receptor coactivator 3 ... Find similar proteins by: Sequence , 3D Structure Entity ID: 2. Molecule. Chains. Sequence Length. Organism. Details. Image. ... Crystal structure of DHT-bound androgen receptor in complex with the third motif of steroid receptor coactivator 3. *PDB DOI: ... Identification of SRC3/AIB1 as a Preferred Coactivator for Hormone-activated Androgen Receptor.. Zhou, X.E., Suino-Powell, K.M. ...

https://www.rcsb.org/structure/3L3Z

Androgen-regulated protein 6, FF1 antigen, FK506-binding protein 5, FKBP-5, FKBP54 p54, HSP90-binding immunophilin, Rotamase). ... Androgen-regulated protein 6, FF1 antigen, FK506-binding protein 5, FKBP-5, FKBP54 p54, HSP90-binding immunophilin, Rotamase) ... Peptidyl-prolyl Cis-trans Isomerase FKBP5 (PPIase FKBP5, 51 kDa FK506-binding protein, 51 kDa FKBP, FKBP-51, 54 kDa ... 51 kDa FK506-binding protein, 51 kDa FKBP, FKBP-51, 54 kDa progesterone receptor-associated immunophilin, ...

https://www.biovendor.com/peptidyl-prolyl-cis-trans-isomerase-fkbp5-ppiase-fkbp5-51-kda-fk506-binding-protein-51-kda-fkbp-fkbp-51-54-kda-progesterone-receptor-associated-immunophilin-androgen-regulated-protein-6-ff1-antigen-fk

Testosterone binds to androgen receptors in the muscle cells, stimulating protein synthesis and causing muscle growth. Not only ... But there can be a huge difference in the amount of protein you consume and the amount of protein your body can actually use. ... The more protein your body can use, the bigger and faster your muscles will grow and because testosterone helps to increase ... You lift the iron, you chug your protein, you shovel down the latest hyped-up supplements.... BUT WHERES THE MUSCLE? ...

https://www.testofuel.com/?a_aid=52143bd74cb6e&a_bid=d39758f5

Proviron is an anabolic steroid that binds to androgen receptors and stimulates protein synthesis in muscle cells. It also ... undefined When its used medically as an androgen replacement, proviron is taken two to three times daily at a 25mg dose each ...

https://www.phunkphenomenon.com/forum/photo-and-picture-share/proviron-dosage-with-tren-proviron-for-bodybuilding

Research into substances that can bind to androgen receptors (proteins found in numerous key tissues in the human body that ... Leading this new generation of sports nutrition are selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). If you are among the ...

https://harcourthealth.com/sarmscanharm/

Protein-bound iodine (PBI) may be decreased in patients taking androgens. * Hypercalcemia may occur. If this does occur, the ... Other binding proteins may be elevated in serum (i.e., corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG), sex hormone binding globulin ( ... Androgens have been reported to increase protein anabolism and decrease protein catabolism. Nitrogen balance is improved only ... Drug/Laboratory Test Interferences (Androgens) Androgens may decrease levels of thyroxine-binding globulin, resulting in ...

https://www.theodora.com/drugs/estratest_hs_tablets_estratest_tablets_solvay.html

Androgen Binding Protein Registry Number. 0. Previous Indexing. Carrier Proteins (1971-1979). Proteins (1966-1970). Receptors, ... Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin. Public MeSH Note. 2000; see ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEINS 1986-1999, see CARRIER PROTEINS 1980-85. ... Androgen-Binding Protein Preferred Concept UI. M0001104. Registry Number. 0. Scope Note. Carrier proteins produced in the ... Androgen-binding protein has the same amino acid sequence as SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN. They differ by their sites of ...

https://meshb-prev.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D000727

... are chemicals with a narrow binding specificity for androgen receptors. Androgen receptors are a class of proteins that ... SARMs enhance protein synthesis and muscle growth by binding to androgen receptors in the skeletal system. By selectively ... SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) are a type of medication that is used to improve muscle growth, strength, and ... By targeting androgen receptors in specific tissues, SARMs help to stimulate the growth and development of muscles and bones ...

http://www.newindia.us/doing-the-right-way-6/

Research into substances that can bind to androgen receptors (proteins found in numerous key tissues in the human body that regulate "male" hormones, such as testosterone) and induce muscular growth date back nearly a century, when chemists first discovered how to modify the testosterone molecule. (harcourthealth.com)
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are chemicals with a narrow binding specificity for androgen receptors. (newindia.us)
Androgen receptors are a class of proteins that modulate the release of testosterone and other male sex hormones. (newindia.us)
By targeting androgen receptors in specific tissues, SARMs help to stimulate the growth and development of muscles and bones while reducing the risk of unwanted side effects associated with traditional anabolic steroids. (newindia.us)
SARMs enhance protein synthesis and muscle growth by binding to androgen receptors in the skeletal system. (newindia.us)
By selectively attaching to androgen receptors, SARMs are able to target certain tissues in the body, lowering the potential for undesired side effects including prostate enlargement and hair loss. (newindia.us)
Ostarine attaches to proteins in the body known as androgen receptors. (webmd.com)
When ostarine binds to these receptors, it tells muscles to grow. (webmd.com)
RAD 140 Results , also known as Testolone, is a non-steroidal SARM that selectively binds to androgen receptors in the body. (nb-aids.com)
RAD 140 works by selectively binding to androgen receptors in muscle and bone tissues, promoting muscle growth and bone density. (nb-aids.com)
Steroids function by binding to androgen receptors in cells, affecting the way certain genes are expressed. (nb-aids.com)
Bodybuilding SARMS are a class of compounds that selectively bind to androgen receptors in muscle and bone tissues, promoting muscle growth and performance enhancement. (nb-aids.com)
SARMS work by binding to androgen receptors and activating specific genes responsible for muscle protein synthesis and growth. (nb-aids.com)
Androgen receptors are proteins that allow hormones like testosterone and DHT to bind to them. (healthline.com)
While the current medications are effective for a limited time, eventually the androgen receptors in prostate tumors reactivate and develop drug resistance. (drexel.edu)
Androgen receptors allow the body to respond appropriately to these hormones. (medlineplus.gov)
The receptors are present in many of the body's tissues, where they attach (bind) to androgens. (medlineplus.gov)
Androgens and androgen receptors also have other important functions in both males and females, such as regulating hair growth and sex drive. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers believe that AR gene variations may increase the activity of androgen receptors in the scalp. (medlineplus.gov)
As ostarine binds to these receptors, it stimulates muscular growth. (herdingkids.net)
It binds to the androgen receptors and stimulates muscle and protein cells. (rajarshib.com)
SARMS or selective androgenic receptor modulators are supplements that bind to your androgen receptors, just like anabolic steroids. (multilingiualcheckforsitemap.com)
FSH and LH bind to receptors in the testis and ovary and regulate gonadal function by promoting sex steroid production and gametogenesis. (medscape.com)

We later identified PIAS (protein inhibitor of activated STAT)xalpha as a DJ-1-binding protein, and found that DJ-1 restored androgen receptor (AR) transcription activity that was repressed by PIASxalpha. (nih.gov)
Transcript levels of the androgen receptor (AR)-regulated gene Rhox5 were decreased at the end of the culture period, suggesting that testosterone production by Leydig cells and/or AR transcriptional activity was impaired in organotypic cultures ( 8 ). (elifesciences.org)
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are essentially prostate sparing androgens, which provide therapeutic potential in osteoporosis, male hormone replacement, and muscle wasting. (rcsb.org)
Herein we report crystal structures of the androgen receptor (AR) ligand-binding domain (LBD) complexed to a series of potent synthetic nonsteroidal SARMs with a substituted pendant arene referred to as the B-ring. (rcsb.org)
Researchers from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center have found that a protein called BET bromodomain protein 4 binds to the hormone androgen receptor downstream of where current therapies work - targeting androgen receptor signaling. (medindia.net)
We think we can target prostate cancer through androgen receptor signaling, rather than directly hitting the androgen receptor. (medindia.net)
The JQ1 BET bromodomain inhibitor blocked androgen receptor signaling, which is downstream of the androgen receptor, making it potentially unaffected by the acquired resistance related to hormone signaling. (medindia.net)
Through biochemical and crystallographic studies, we identify that steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC3) (also named as amplified in breast cancer-1 or AIB1) interacts strongly with AR via synergistic binding of its first and third LXXLL motifs. (rcsb.org)
Leading this new generation of sports nutrition are selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs). (harcourthealth.com)
SARMs (Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators) are a type of medication that is used to improve muscle growth, strength, and performance. (newindia.us)
Ostarine is a type of drug called a selective androgen receptor modulator (SARM). (webmd.com)
Drug-induced liver injury from enobosarm (ostarine), a selective androgen receptor modulator. (webmd.com)
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of the selective androgen receptor modulator GTx-024 (enobosarm) with itraconazole, rifampin, probenecid, celecoxib and rosuvastatin. (webmd.com)
The selective androgen receptor modulator GTx-024 (enobosarm) improves lean body mass and physical function in healthy elderly men and postmenopausal women: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II trial. (webmd.com)
4-Azasteroidal 5α-reductase inhibitors without affinity for the androgen receptor. (mdedge.com)
Identification of novel androgen receptor (AR) antagonists may lead to urgently needed new treatments for patients with prostate cancer resistant to current AR antagonists. (aacrjournals.org)
Some people are more susceptible to these effects of DHT on scalp hair based on variations in their androgen receptor (AR) gene. (healthline.com)
At all stages of the disease, prostate cancer cells are dependent on a protein called the androgen receptor (AR), the primary driver of tumor growth and disease progression. (drexel.edu)
Since testosterone is the fuel that enables the androgen receptor to drive prostate cancer, current therapies involve suppressing the androgen receptor with targeted drugs that directly bind to and block the protein. (drexel.edu)
Realizing a need to address this problem of drug resistance, Kim became interested in a unique protein called Sigma1 (also known as the sigma-1 receptor), which was identified over four decades ago as a potential target for treating pain. (drexel.edu)
The lncRNA SLNCR Recruits the Androgen Receptor to EGR1-Bound Genes in Melanoma and Inhibits Expression of Tumor Suppressor p21. (harvard.edu)
The AR gene provides instructions for making a protein called an androgen receptor. (medlineplus.gov)
The resulting androgen-receptor complex then binds to DNA and regulates the activity of androgen-responsive genes. (medlineplus.gov)
By turning the genes on or off as necessary, the androgen receptor helps direct the development of male sexual characteristics. (medlineplus.gov)
Some variants lead to an abnormally short version of the androgen receptor protein, while others result in the production of an abnormal receptor that cannot bind to androgens or to DNA. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants that eliminate the function of the androgen receptor cause complete androgen insensitivity syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Variants that only slightly reduce the activity of the receptor cause mild androgen insensitivity syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)
Although the extended CAG region changes the structure of the androgen receptor, it is unclear how the altered protein damages nerve cells. (medlineplus.gov)
Researchers believe that a fragment of the androgen receptor protein containing the CAG repeats accumulates within these cells and interferes with normal cell functions. (medlineplus.gov)
Ostarine is a selective androgen receptor modulator (sarm) which is a drug designed to have similar effects to testosterone. (herdingkids.net)
As already mentioned above, ostarine is a kind of selective androgen receptor modulator (sarm), also known as mk2866 or enobosarm. (herdingkids.net)
The DNA sequence of the genes for the androgen receptor (AR) and TATA-binding protein (TBP), like many other genes encoding transcription factors, contains a series of tandem CAG repeats. (archive.org)
More than 33 transcription factors, including the human TATA-binding protein (TBP) (15-17) and the androgen receptor (18 -20), are characterized by the presence of polyglutamine tracts containing more than 20 residues encoded by tandem CAG triplet repeats. (archive.org)
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) have become a buzz word in recent years among a wide range of people: from bodybuilders to professional athletes, but are SARMs really a safer and healthier alternative to anabolic steroids, benefits of testogen. (rajarshib.com)
Sarms (selective androgen receptor modulators) are a new class of drugs that have the potential to treat musculoskeletal conditions. (turkiyenakliyecilersitesi.com)
Gsk2881078, the study drug, belongs to a new class of drugs called non-steroidal, selective androgen receptor modulators (sarms), which can mimic some of. (turkiyenakliyecilersitesi.com)
It is one of many sarms (selective androgen receptor modulators) that have proven to be effective in research studies. (turkiyenakliyecilersitesi.com)
Human G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) receptor model. (medscape.com)
In experiments, this molecule was able to regulate the androgen receptor, which is important to the growth of both cancerous and normal prostate cells. (lu.se)
The ability of this microRNA to inhibit the androgen receptor offers potential for further research on the possibilities of using miR-145 for treatment of patients with prostate cancer so that they do not develop aggressive tumours", says Olivia Larne. (lu.se)
The androgen receptor is a protein that has an important role in the male reproductive system. (lu.se)
The male sex hormones testosterone and dihydrotestosterone bind to the receptor, which then passes on the hormonal effect by regulating other genes. (lu.se)

In addition to the binding of DJBP to the COOH-terminal region of DJ-1, DJBP was also found to bind in vitro and in vivo to the DNA-binding domain of the AR in a testosterone-dependent manner and to be colocalized with DJ-1 or AR in the nucleus. (nih.gov)
Because SHBG binds to testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT), these hormones are made less lipophilic and become concentrated within the luminal fluid of the seminiferous tubules. (wikipedia.org)
DHT binds to SHBG with about 5 times the affinity of testosterone and about 20 times the affinity of estradiol. (wikipedia.org)
Most of the circulating testosterone is bound to carrier proteins (sex hormone-binding globulin [SHBG], and albumin). (cdc.gov)
SHBG has a high binding affinity to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), medium affinity to testosterone and estradiol, and only a low affinity to estrone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), androstendione, and estriol. (cdc.gov)
Albumin, which exists in far higher concentrations than SHBG, also binds sexual steroids - although with a clearly lower binding affinity (e.g. about 100 times lower for testosterone). (cdc.gov)
SHBG is a useful supplementary parameter in the determination of androgen where a relatively high concentration of free androgen (e.g. testosterone) is suspected (Pugeat, et al. (cdc.gov)
Testosterone regulates the autophagic clearance of androgen binding protein in rat Sertoli cells. (antibodies-online.com)
The StAR protein plays a key role in the conversion of cholesterol into testosterone. (ironmagazine.com)
It competes with existing testosterone and binds to the androgen binding protein leaving you with more free testosterone which is really what we are looking for. (anabolicminds.com)
Testosterone works its muscle-building magic by increasing muscle protein synthesis. (testofuel.com)
Testosterone is the primary endogenous androgen. (theodora.com)
Testosterone is the most abundant and active androgen in the male body. (healthline.com)
poiché il tumore Ils agissent aussi sur le mtabolisme lipidique comme en tmoigne laccumulation de lipides observe dans les tubules des souris mutantes pour RXR [15], un effet galement retrouv dans les cellules de Sertoli danimaux en hypervitaminose A, testosterone 0 32 ng/ml. (ard-riocht.org)
Androgens are hormones (such as testosterone) that are important for normal male sexual development before birth and during puberty. (medlineplus.gov)
Inverse associations of WHR and body mass index (BMI) with total oestradiol but positive associations with free oestradiol in pre-menopausal women, as well as positive associations with total and free testosterone and inverse associations with sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in all women have been reported for the UK Biobank cohort 6 . (nature.com)
In the current study, we have examined the association of body shape phenotypes based on allometric indices with serum levels of oestradiol and testosterone and their binding proteins (SHBG and albumin) and have explored heterogeneity by BMI, separately in men and women from the UK Biobank cohort, defining in men subgroups according to age and in women subgroups according to menopausal status and use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT). (nature.com)
Leydig cells release testosterone into the blood stream where nearly 30% of it will be bound by another protein called sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). (health.online)
Binding of SHBG leaves the testosterone inactive, meaning it cannot have any effect on the body. (health.online)
Approximately 68% of testosterone is loosely bound by blood protein albumin. (health.online)
Outside of the testicles, testosterone can be converted to highly potent sex steroid dihydotestosterone (DHT) by the 5α-reductase enzyme or other androgens by the aromatase enzyme. (health.online)
To date, genetic loci associated with plasma testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels have been identified using GWASs. (bvsalud.org)
This androgen-binding protein causes high local concentrations of testosterone near the sperm, an essential factor in the development of normal spermatogenesis. (medscape.com)
Measurement of salivary testosterone (Sal-T) to assess androgen status offers important potential advantages in epidemiological research. (medscape.com)
Most testosterone circulating in the blood is bound to sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and albumin, rendering only a small free (unbound) fraction (~1% to 2%) [ 1 ] able to diffuse across capillaries into target tissues, where it exerts biological activity. (medscape.com)
hence, serum free testosterone is usually derived from mathematical formulas using association constants of testosterone with its binding proteins. (medscape.com)
[ 4 ] Measurement of Sal-T might thus provide an alternative to measuring serum total testosterone, free testosterone, or bioavailable testosterone in the assessment of androgen status. (medscape.com)
however, a substantial systematic positive bias was present in women, which might reflect the influence of salivary protein binding to the lower female concentrations of Sal-T. [ 8 ] Whether Sal-T can be a surrogate for circulating free testosterone or a valid measure of tissue bioavailable testosterone can now be investigated further. (medscape.com)

Sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) binds to a specific protein on the surface of prostate, epididymis, and a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), and is internalized by these cells. (unifesp.br)
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) or sex steroid-binding globulin (SSBG) is a glycoprotein that binds to androgens and estrogens. (wikipedia.org)
Sex hormone-binding globulin is homodimeric, meaning it has two identical peptide chains making up its structure. (wikipedia.org)
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the blood transport protein for androgens and estrogens. (cdc.gov)
gene polymorphisms on sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and androgen binding protein (ABP) of male farmers has not been detailed. (fluoridealert.org)
Androgen-binding protein has the same amino acid sequence as SEX HORMONE-BINDING GLOBULIN . (nih.gov)
Sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) was associated inversely with ABSI but positively with HI and was lowest for "apple" and highest for "pear" phenotype in both sexes. (nature.com)
They are also increased in association with a daily dosage of 25 µg or more of triiodothyronine or 300 µg of thyroxine (T4) and elevation in the levels of thyroid-binding globulin. (medscape.com)
Reduced total triiodothyronine values are found in clinical or subclinical hypothyroidism, starvation, stress, and acute illness, as well as in the setting of reduced levels of thyroid-binding globulin. (medscape.com)

And the search terms sarms supplements, sarms, selective androgen. (turkiyenakliyecilersitesi.com)

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) is weakly bound to SHBG, but dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is not bound to SHBG. (wikipedia.org)
Androstenedione is not bound to SHBG either, and is instead bound solely to albumin. (wikipedia.org)
Estrone sulfate and estriol are also poorly bound by SHBG. (wikipedia.org)
Less than 1% of progesterone is bound to SHBG. (wikipedia.org)
In women, SHBG serves to limit exposure to both androgens and estrogens. (wikipedia.org)
Low SHBG levels in women have been associated with hyperandrogenism and endometrial cancer due to heightened exposure to androgens and estrogens, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
The high SHBG levels during pregnancy may serve to protect the mother from exposure to fetal androgens that escape metabolism by the placenta. (wikipedia.org)
Testes-produced SHBG is called androgen-binding protein. (wikipedia.org)
The mechanism of activating the promoter for SHBG in the liver involves hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A) binding to a DR1 like cis element which then stimulate production. (wikipedia.org)
If HNF4A level is low then COUP-TF binds to the first site and turns off production of SHBG. (wikipedia.org)
SHBG has two laminin G-like domains which form pockets that bind hydrophobic molecules. (wikipedia.org)
In the serum SHBG mainly takes over the transportation of steroids and the reduction/regulation of the effect of androgen. (cdc.gov)
2002). Decreased SHBG serum levels are associated with conditions where elevated androgen levels are present or where the effect of androgen on its target organs is excessive. (cdc.gov)
Measurement of SHBG can be an important indicator of an excessive/chronic androgenic action where androgen levels are normal, but where clinical symptoms would seem to indicate androgen in excess. (cdc.gov)
Decreased SHBG concentrations are often seen with hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), obesity, hirsutism, elevated androgen levels, alopecia, acromegaly and some polymorphisms on the SHBG gene. (cdc.gov)

They participate in the transport of androgens. (nih.gov)

Clinically approved AR antagonists compete with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) for binding to the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of AR, and patients eventually develop resistance to these treatments. (aacrjournals.org)
Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is an androgen. (healthline.com)

Carrier proteins produced in the Sertoli cells of the testis, secreted into the seminiferous tubules, and transported via the efferent ducts to the epididymis. (nih.gov)

This data will allow for population estimates of the selected steroid hormones and related binding protein that can be used to assist in disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases such as, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), androgen deficiency, cancer, and hormone imbalances in children. (cdc.gov)
An androgen is a sex hormone that contributes to the development of what are thought of as "male" sex characteristics , such as body hair. (healthline.com)

FSH stimulates testicular growth and enhances the production of an androgen-binding protein by the Sertoli cells, which are a component of the testicular tubule necessary for sustaining the maturing sperm cell. (medscape.com)

Endogenous androgens are C-19 steroids with a side chain at C-17, and with two angular methyl groups. (theodora.com)
Associations of sex steroids and their binding proteins with body shape are unclear, because waist and hip circumference are correlated strongly with body size. (nature.com)
In conclusion, sex steroids and their binding proteins are associated with body shape, including hip as well as waist size, independent of body size. (nature.com)
During androgen biosynthesis, the human testes normally produce only small quantities of Δ4-C21 steroids as these are products of the Δ4-pathway and healthy human testes preferentially use the Δ5-pathway. (bvsalud.org)

When produced by the Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubules of the testis, it is called androgen-binding protein (ABP). (wikipedia.org)
Sertoli cells, under the influence of androgens, also secrete inhibin, a polypeptide, which may help to locally regulate spermatogenesis. (medscape.com)

Other steroid hormones such as progesterone, cortisol, and other corticosteroids are bound by transcortin. (wikipedia.org)

This information elucidates interactions important for high AR binding affinity and provides new insight for structure-based drug design. (rcsb.org)

An altered antioxidant defence system marked by elevated SOD, CAT, and GR activities, with decreased GPx and GST activities were observed along with increased protein carbonylation, disturbed redox status in hypothyroid immature rat testis. (hindawi.com)

This results in increased protein synthesis, leading to muscle growth, strength gains, and other physical improvements. (nb-aids.com)
SECIS-binding protein 2, a key player in selenoprotein synthesis, is an intrinsically disordered protein. (igbmc.fr)

JJ-74-138 inhibited mRNA expression of AR and ARv7 target genes and reduced AR level in the nucleus in the absence of androgens. (aacrjournals.org)

But variations in the AR gene can increase androgen receptivity in your scalp follicles, making you more likely to experience male pattern hair loss. (healthline.com)
Hundreds of different variants (also called mutations) in the AR gene have been identified in people with androgen insensitivity syndrome, a condition that affects sexual development before birth and during puberty. (medlineplus.gov)
Other variants insert or delete multiple base pairs in the gene or affect how the gene is processed into a protein. (medlineplus.gov)
Although androgenetic alopecia is related to the effects of androgens on hair growth, it remains unclear how changes in the AR gene increase the risk of hair loss in people with this condition. (medlineplus.gov)

It and DHT are androgens, or hormones that contribute to male sex characteristics when you go through puberty. (healthline.com)
As a result of these changes, cells that are normally sensitive to androgens become less responsive to these hormones or unable to use these hormones at all. (medlineplus.gov)

This could mean that when prostate cancer becomes resistant to current treatments, it might remain sensitive to a drug that targets BET bromodomain proteins. (medindia.net)
Importantly, AR mutations found in prostate cancer patients correlate with their binding potency to SRC3, corroborating with the emerging role of SRC3 as a prostate cancer oncogene. (rcsb.org)

Quantitative evaluation of topical 5% minoxidil in the treatment of diffuse androgen-dependent alopecia in females [abstract]. (mdedge.com)

The amino acid sequence is the same as for androgen-binding protein but that has different oligosaccharides attached and is produced in testes. (wikipedia.org)
The objectives of this study were to analyse the pregnenolone metabolites in testes with deteriorated spermatogenesis and to establish whether the androgen biosynthesis pathway changes in this condition. (bvsalud.org)

Here, we show that (+)-JJ-74-138 is more potent than JJ-450 in the inhibition of androgen-independent AR activity in enzalutamide-resistant LN95 cells. (aacrjournals.org)

This high level is maintained by androgen-binding proteins released by other testicular cells involved in sperm production. (health.online)

You lift the iron, you chug your protein, you shovel down the latest hyped-up supplements. (testofuel.com)

The researchers used a compound called JQ1, designed to inhibit BET bromodomain proteins, to test the concept in cell lines and mice. (medindia.net)

There are variations in the genetic material for this protein that have different effects. (wikipedia.org)
Genetic changes that significantly reduce but do not eliminate the receptor's activity cause partial androgen insensitivity syndrome. (medlineplus.gov)

This binding activity typically results in normal hormonal processes like body hair growth. (healthline.com)

Below right you can see that 28-brassinolide raised the concentration of the androgen-binding protein [ABP] and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein [StAR]. (ironmagazine.com)

Furthermore, a co-immunoprecipitation assay showed that the formation of a ternary complex between DJ-1, DJBP, and AR occurred in cells in which DJ-1 bound to the AR via DJBP. (nih.gov)
They found that JQ1 blocked androgen signaling even when cells no longer responded to current anti-androgen therapies. (medindia.net)
Also, this analogue noncompetitively inhibited androgen-stimulated AR activity in C4-2, LN95, and 22Rv1 CRPC cells. (aacrjournals.org)

Anatomy3

Diseases1

Chemicals and Drugs8

Effects of spinal cord injury on spermatogenesis and the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for Sertoli cell proteins in rat Sertoli cell-enriched testes. (1/242)

Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF-kappaB factor. (2/242)

Characterization of lipid efflux particles generated by seminal phospholipid-binding proteins. (3/242)

Selective activation of the probasin androgen-responsive region by steroid hormones. (4/242)

The addition of adenovirus type 5 region E3 enables calydon virus 787 to eliminate distant prostate tumor xenografts. (5/242)

Reduced nucleotide variability at an androgen-binding protein locus (Abpa) in house mice: evidence for positive natural selection. (6/242)

Heterotopic endochondrial ossification with mixed tumor formation in C3(1)/Tag transgenic mice is associated with elevated TGF-beta1 and BMP-2 expression. (7/242)

Mice without phosphatidylcholine transfer protein have no defects in the secretion of phosphatidylcholine into bile or into lung airspaces. (8/242)

Androgen-Binding Protein

Testis

Androgens

Receptors, Androgen

Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome

Testosterone Congeners

Dihydrotestosterone

Testosterone

Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin

Prostate

Androgen Antagonists

Sertoli Cells

Effects of spinal cord injury on spermatogenesis and the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid for Sertoli cell proteins in rat Sertoli cell-enriched testes. (1/242)

Toll receptor-mediated Drosophila immune response requires Dif, an NF-kappaB factor. (2/242)

Characterization of lipid efflux particles generated by seminal phospholipid-binding proteins. (3/242)

Selective activation of the probasin androgen-responsive region by steroid hormones. (4/242)

The addition of adenovirus type 5 region E3 enables calydon virus 787 to eliminate distant prostate tumor xenografts. (5/242)

Reduced nucleotide variability at an androgen-binding protein locus (Abpa) in house mice: evidence for positive natural selection. (6/242)

Heterotopic endochondrial ossification with mixed tumor formation in C3(1)/Tag transgenic mice is associated with elevated TGF-beta1 and BMP-2 expression. (7/242)

Mice without phosphatidylcholine transfer protein have no defects in the secretion of phosphatidylcholine into bile or into lung airspaces. (8/242)

Sex hormone-binding globulin

RELA

ALDH1A1

Robert Vigersky

Androgen receptor

Androgen insensitivity syndrome

Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis

TMF1

Seminiferous tubule

PA2G4

Androgen deprivation-induced senescence

PRPF6

Herbert Kuhl

SYTL1

Sertoli cell

SPINLW1

DEFB118

TMEPAI

Heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), member A1

Fel d 1

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4

Forkhead box protein O1

Spermatogenesis

Follicle-stimulating hormone

CREB1

Anordrin

Secretoglobin

Hormonal contraception

Sustentacular cell

CYP2C18

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