A family of bacteria which inhabit RED BLOOD CELLS and cause several animal diseases.
Infections with bacteria of the family ANAPLASMATACEAE.
Traumatic or experimentally induced separation of the head from the body in an animal or human.
A genus of gram-negative bacteria whose organisms are obligate parasites of vertebrates. Species are transmitted by arthropod vectors with the host range limited to ruminants. Anaplasma marginale is the most pathogenic species and is the causative agent of severe bovine anaplasmosis.
A family of small, gram-negative organisms, often parasitic in humans and other animals, causing diseases that may be transmitted by invertebrate vectors.
A disease of cattle caused by parasitization of the red blood cells by bacteria of the genus ANAPLASMA.
Small, often pleomorphic, coccoid to ellipsoidal organisms occurring intracytoplasmically in circulating LYMPHOCYTES. They are the etiologic agents of tick-borne diseases of humans; DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; and HORSES.
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus ANAPLASMA, family ANAPLASMATACEAE, formerly called Ehrlichia phagocytophila or Ehrlichia equi. This organism is tick-borne (IXODES) and causes disease in horses and sheep. In humans, it causes human granulocytic EHRLICHIOSIS.
A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER; HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.
Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis.
The relationships of groups of organisms as reflected by their genetic makeup.

Western immunoblot analysis of the antigens of Haemobartonella felis with sera from experimentally infected cats. (1/33)

Cats were experimentally infected with a Florida isolate of Haemobartonella felis in order to collect organisms and evaluate the immune response to H. felis. Cryopreserved organisms were thawed and injected intravenously into nonsplenectomized and splenectomized cats. Splenectomized animals were given 10 mg of methylprednisolone per ml at the time of inoculation. Blood films were evaluated daily for 1 week prior to infection and for up to 60 days postinfection (p. i.). Blood for H. felis purification was repeatedly collected from splenectomized animals at periods of peak parasitemias. Organisms were purified from infected blood by differential centrifugation, separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and transferred to nitrocellulose membranes for immunoblot analysis. Serum was collected from nonsplenectomized animals prior to and for up to 60 days p.i. and was used on immunoblots to identify antigens. The combination of splenectomy and corticosteroid treatment resulted in marked, cyclic parasitemias without concurrent severe anemia, providing an opportunity to harvest organisms in a manner that was not lethal to the animals. Several antigens (150, 52, 47, 45, and 14 kDa) were identified. An antigen with a molecular mass of approximately 14 kDa appeared to be one of the most immunodominant and was consistently recognized by immune sera collected at various times during the course of infection. These data suggest that one or more of these antigens might be useful for the serologic diagnosis of H. felis infections in cats.  (+info)

Development and evaluation of a polymerase chain reaction assay using the 16S rRNA gene for detection of Eperythrozoon suis infection. (2/33)

The 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene of Eperythrozoon suis was amplified using gene-specific primers developed from GenBank sequence accession U88565. The gene was subsequently cloned and sequenced. Based on these sequence data, 3 sets of E. suis-specific primers were designed. These primers selectively amplified 1394, 690, and 839 base-pair (bp) fragments of the 16S rRNA gene from DNA of E. suis extracted from the blood of an experimentally infected pig during a parasitemic episode. No polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were amplified from purified DNA of Haemobartonella felis, Mycoplasma genitalium, or Bartonella bacilliformis using 2 of these primer sets. When the primer set amplifying the 690-bp fragment was used, faint bands were observed with H. felis as the target DNA. No PCR products were amplified from DNA that had been extracted from the blood of a noninfected pig or using PCR reagents without target DNA. The detection limits for E. suis by competitive quantitative PCR were estimated to range from 57 and 800 organisms/assay. This is the first report of the utility of PCR-facilitated diagnosis and quantitation of E. suis based on the 16S rRNA gene. The PCR method developed will be useful in monitoring the progression and significance of E. suis in the disease process in the pig.  (+info)

Specific in situ hybridization of Haemobartonella felis with a DNA probe and tyramide signal amplification. (3/33)

Haemobartonella felis is an epierythrocytic bacterium suspected to be the causative agent of feline infectious anemia. Previous studies with a polymerase chain reaction assay have identified a mycoplasmal 16S rRNA gene sequence that coincides with clinical disease and the presence of organisms in the blood. Tissues from a cat experimentally infected with H. felis were used for in situ hybridization studies to physically link this 16S rRNA gene to the organisms on the red cells. A biotin-labeled probe was used in conjunction with tyramide signal amplification to visualize the hybridization signal. This study clearly demonstrates a specific hybridization signal on the red cells in the tissues of the H. felis-infected cat. This in situ hybridization study is the final step in fulfilling the molecular guidelines for disease causation and proves that H. felis, a mycoplasmal organism, is the causative agent of feline infectious anemia.  (+info)

Proposal to transfer some members of the genera Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon to the genus Mycoplasma with descriptions of 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemofelis', 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomuris', 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosuis' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma wenyonii'. (4/33)

Cell-wall-less uncultivated parasitic bacteria that attach to the surface of host erythrocytes currently are classified in the order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae, in the genera Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon. Recently 16S rRNA gene sequences have been determined for four of these species: Haemobartonella felis and Haemobartonella muris and Eperythrozoon suis and Eperythrozoon wenyonii. Phylogenetic analysis of these sequence data shows that these haemotrophic bacteria are closely related to species in the genus Mycoplasma (class Mollicutes). These haemotrophic bacteria form a new phylogenetic cluster within the so-called pneumoniae group of Mycoplasma and share properties with one another as well as with other members of the pneumoniae group. These studies clearly indicate that the classification of these taxa should be changed to reflect their phylogenetic affiliation and the following is proposed: (i) that Haemobartonella felis and Haemobartonella muris should be transferred to the genus Mycoplasma as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemofelis' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemomuris' and (ii) that Eperythrozoon suis and Eperythrozoon wenyonii should be transferred to the genus Mycoplasma as 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemosuis' and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma wenyonii'. The former Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon species described here represent a new group of parasitic mycoplasmas that possess a pathogenic capacity previously unrecognized among the mollicutes. These haemotrophic mycoplasmas have been given the trivial name haemoplasmas. These results call into question the affiliation of the remaining officially named species of Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon which should be considered species of uncertain affiliation pending the resolution of their phylogenetic status.  (+info)

Detection and identification of spotted fever group Rickettsiae and Ehrlichiae in African ticks. (5/33)

Rickettsia africae, a recently identified pathogen, was detected for the first time in Amblyomma ticks from Niger, Mali, Burundi, and Sudan, and "R. mongolotimonae" was identified for the first time in Africa. Rickettsiae of unknown pathogenicity and two new ehrlichiae of the Ehrlichia canis group were identified in ticks from Mali and Niger.  (+info)

Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. (6/33)

The genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Cowdria, Neorickettsia and Wolbachia encompass a group of obligate intracellular bacteria that reside in vacuoles of eukaryotic cells and were previously placed in taxa based upon morphological, ecological, epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Recent genetic analyses of 16S rRNA genes, groESL and surface protein genes have indicated that the existing taxa designations are flawed. All 16S rRNA gene and groESL sequences deposited in GenBank prior to 2000 and selected sequences deposited thereafter were aligned and phylogenetic trees and bootstrap values were calculated using the neighbour-joining method and compared with trees generated with maximum-probability, maximum-likelihood, majority-rule consensus and parsimony methods. Supported by bootstrap probabilities of at least 54%, 16S rRNA gene comparisons consistently clustered to yield four distinct clades characterized roughly as Anaplasma (including the Ehrlichia phagocytophila group, Ehrlichia platys and Ehrlichia bovis) with a minimum of 96.1% similarity, Ehrlichia (including Cowdria ruminantium) with a minimum of 97.7% similarity, Wolbachia with a minimum of 95.6% similarity and Neorickettsia (including Ehrlichia sennetsu and Ehrlichia risticii) with a minimum of 94.9% similarity. Maximum similarity between clades ranged from 87.1 to 94.9%. Insufficient differences existed among E. phagocytophila, Ehrlichia equi and the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent to support separate species designations, and this group was at least 98.2% similar to any Anaplasma species. These 16S rRNA gene analyses are strongly supported by similar groESL clades, as well as biological and antigenic characteristics. It is proposed that all members of the tribes Ehrlichieae and Wolbachieae be transferred to the family Anaplasmataceae and that the tribe structure of the family Rickettsiaceae be eliminated. The genus Anaplasma should be emended to include Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophila comb. nov. (which also encompasses the former E. equi and the HGE agent), Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) bovis comb. nov. and Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) platys comb. nov., the genus Ehrlichia should be emended to include Ehrlichia (Cowdria) ruminantium comb. nov. and the genus Neorickettsia should be emended to include Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) risticii comb. nov. and Neorickettsia (Ehrlichia) sennetsu comb. nov.  (+info)

Infection exclusion of the rickettsial pathogen anaplasma marginale in the tick vector Dermacentor variabilis. (7/33)

Anaplasma marginale is a tick-borne, rickettsial cattle pathogen that is endemic in several areas of the United States. Recent studies (J. de la Fuente, J. C. Garcia-Garcia, E. F. Blouin, J. T. Saliki, and K. M. Kocan, Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 9:658-668, 2002) demonstrated that infection of cultured tick cells and bovine erythrocytes with one genotype of A. marginale excluded infection with other genotypes, a phenomenon referred to as infection exclusion. The present study was undertaken to confirm the phenomenon of infection exclusion of A. marginale genotypes in a tick vector, Dermacentor variabilis. Only one genotype of A. marginale (Virginia isolate) was detected by PCR in ticks that fed first on a calf infected with a Virginia isolate and second on a calf infected with an Oklahoma isolate. These studies demonstrate that infection exclusion of A. marginale genotypes also occurs in naturally infected ticks, as well as in cattle and cultured tick cells, and results in establishment of only one genotype per tick.  (+info)

Molecular characterization of Aegyptianella pullorum (Rickettsiales, Anaplasmataceae). (8/33)

We sequenced the 16S rRNA and groEL genes of Aegyptianella pullorum, a small bacterium that infects and replicates only in avian red blood cells. A specific PCR test was developed to analyze A. pullorum DNA. Phylogenic analysis revealed A. pullorum is most closely related to Anaplasma spp.  (+info)

Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis is a newly emerging tick-borne bacterium from the family Anaplasmataceae. Its presence in Ixodes ricinus ticks was reported from various European countries, however, its ecology and co-circulation with another member of the same family, Anaplasma phagocytophilum has not been rigorously studied yet. Candidatus N. mikurensis was detected in all sampling sites. In total, 4.5% of ticks were positive including larvae. The highest positivity was detected in Austria with a prevalence of 23.5%. The probability of Candidatus N. mikurensis occurrence increased with the proportion of ticks infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. A positive association between the occurrences of Candidatus N. mikurensis and A. phagocytophilum indicates that both bacteria share similar ecology for their natural foci in Central Europe.
Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis is an emerging tick-borne pathogen causing a systemic inflammatory syndrome mostly in persons with underlying hematologic or autoimmune diseases. As it is neither well-known nor well-recognized, it might be misdiagnosed as recurrence of the underlying disease or as an unrelated arteriosclerotic vascular event. The pathogen is transmitted by hard ticks of the genus Ixodes and is closely associated with rodents in which transplacental transmission occurs. Transovarial transmission in ticks has not yet been shown. Infection rates vary greatly in ticks and rodents, but the causes for its spatiotemporal variations are largely unknown. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the geographical distribution and clinical importance of Ca. N. mikurensis. By elucidating the life history traits of this pathogen and determining more accurately its incidence in the human population, a better assessment of its public health relevance can be made. Most urgent ...
Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM) is an emerging tick-borne pathogen causing severe disease in immunocompromised patients. In Europe, Ixodes ricinus is the primary vector and rodents act as reservoir hosts. New data on the prevalence of CNM in ticks and rodents contribute to the knowledge on the distribution of endemic areas and circulation of the bacterium in natural foci. Questing ticks were collected and rodents were trapped in urban/suburban and natural habitats in South-Western Slovakia from 2011 to 2014. DNA from questing and rodent-attached ticks and rodent tissues were screened for CNM by real-time PCR. Rodent spleen samples positive for CNM were characterised at the groEL gene locus. Spatial and temporal differences in CNM prevalence in ticks and rodents and co-infections of ticks with CNM and Anaplasma phagocytophilum were analysed. The presence of CNM was confirmed in questing and rodent-attached I. ricinus ticks and in rodents. Total prevalence in both
Background: Neoehrlichia mikurensis s an emerging and vector-borne zoonosis: The first human disease cases were reported in 2010. Limited information is available about the prevalence and distribution of Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Europe, its natural life cycle and reservoir hosts. An Ehrlichia-like schotti variant has been described in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks, which could be identical to Neoehrlichia mikurensis. Methods: Three genetic markers, 16S rDNA, gltA and GroEL, of Ehrlichia schotti-positive tick lysates were amplified, sequenced and compared to sequences from Neoehrlichia mikurensis. Based on these DNA sequences, a multiplex real-time PCR was developed to specifically detect Neoehrlichia mikurensis in combination with Anaplasma phagocytophilum in tick lysates. Various tick species from different life-stages, particularly Ixodes ricinus nymphs, were collected from the vegetation or wildlife. Tick lysates and DNA derived from organs of wild rodents were tested by PCR-based methods ...
Due to increased travel, climatic, and environmental changes, the incidence of tick-borne disease in both humans and animals is increasing throughout Europe. Therefore, extended surveillance tools are desirable. To accurately screen tick-borne pathogens (TBPs), a large scale epidemiological study was conducted on 7050 Ixodes ricinus nymphs collected from France, Denmark, and the Netherlands using a powerful new high-throughput approach. This advanced methodology permitted the simultaneous detection of 25 bacterial, and 12 parasitic species (including; Borrelia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, Bartonella, Candidatus Neoehrlichia, Coxiella, Francisella, Babesia, and Theileria genus) across 94 samples. We successfully determined the prevalence of expected (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia helvetica, Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Babesia divergens, Babesia venatorum), unexpected (Borrelia miyamotoi), and rare (Bartonella henselae) pathogens in the three ...
Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis (CNM; family Anaplasmataceae) was recently recognized as a potential tick-borne human pathogen. The presence of CNM in mammals, in host-seeking Ixodes ticks and in ticks attached to mammals and birds has been reported recently. We investigated the presence of CNM in ornithophagous ticks from migrating birds. A total of 1,150 ticks (582 nymphs, 548 larvae, 18 undetermined ticks and two adult females) collected from 5,365 birds captured in south-eastern Sweden was screened for CNM by molecular methods. The birds represented 65 different species, of which 35 species were infested with one or more ticks. Based on a combination of morphological and molecular species identification, the majority of the ticks were identified as Ixodes ricinus. Samples were initially screened by real-time PCR targeting the CNM 16S rRNA gene, and confirmed by a second real-time PCR targeting the groEL gene. For positive samples, a 1260 base pair fragment of the 16S rRNA gene was ...
OVERVIEW: Anaplasma species, Ehrlichia species and Rickettsia species are vector-borne pathogens infecting a wide variety of mammals, but causing disease in very few of them. Infection in cats: Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the most important feline pathogen among these rickettsial organisms, and coinfections are possible. Little information is available on the pathogenesis of these agents in cats. Clinical signs are usually reported soon after tick infestation. They are mostly non-specific, consisting of fever, anorexia and lethargy. Joint pain may occur. Infection in humans: Some rickettsial species ( A phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia ewingii, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia typhi and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis) are of zoonotic concern. Direct contact with cat saliva should be avoided because of potential contamination by R felis. Infected cats are sentinels of the presence of rickettsial pathogens in ticks and fleas in a given ...
Information on this disease caused by the bacterial parasite Haemobartonella felis, which cats are at risk, the signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and spread. ...
Lineage: cellular organisms; Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiales; Anaplasmataceae; Anaplasma; Anaplasma ...
Lineage: cellular organisms; Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiales; Anaplasmataceae; Anaplasma; Anaplasma ...
The use of E. suis specific primers in PCR with DNA from swine blood increases the sensitivity of current DNA hybridization protocols for determining whether swine are infected with E. suis prior to the development of any clinical symptoms. The present invention provides these E. suis primers and a method to use these primers in a PCR protocol to provide a highly sensitive diagnostic assay for early signs of an E. suis infection.
ID DNLJ_EHRCJ Reviewed; 677 AA. AC Q3YRC1; DT 15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 27-SEP-2005, sequence version 1. DT 25-OCT-2017, entry version 84. DE RecName: Full=DNA ligase {ECO:0000255,HAMAP-Rule:MF_01588}; DE EC=6.5.1.2 {ECO:0000255,HAMAP-Rule:MF_01588}; DE AltName: Full=Polydeoxyribonucleotide synthase [NAD(+)] {ECO:0000255,HAMAP-Rule:MF_01588}; GN Name=ligA {ECO:0000255,HAMAP-Rule:MF_01588}; GN OrderedLocusNames=Ecaj_0702; OS Ehrlichia canis (strain Jake). OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiales; OC Anaplasmataceae; Ehrlichia. OX NCBI_TaxID=269484; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RC STRAIN=Jake; RX PubMed=16707693; DOI=10.1128/JB.01837-05; RA Mavromatis K., Doyle C.K., Lykidis A., Ivanova N., Francino M.P., RA Chain P., Shin M., Malfatti S., Larimer F., Copeland A., Detter J.C., RA Land M., Richardson P.M., Yu X.J., Walker D.H., McBride J.W., RA Kyrpides N.C.; RT The genome of the obligately intracellular bacterium ...
INTRODUCTION. The genus Mycoplasma (Mollicutes order) forms a group of bacteria which are obligate parasites of several species of animals and are associated with anemia, arthritis, infertility and respiratory disorders (Chalker 2005, Willi et al 2007). Generically called mycoplasmas, they have a very small genome and are devoid of a cell wall. Among the pathogenic species, the hemotrophic mycoplasmas (haemoplasmas) are receiving more attention in recent years due to increased infections in human patients, especially those with compromised immune systems (Santos et al 2008). They are characterised by parasitism of the surface of erythrocytes of different mammalian species in which they cause anemia with variable intensity, from asymptomatic cases to the potentially fatal (Chalker 2005, Willi et al 2007).. M. haemocanis, previously Haemobartonella canis, and Candidatus M. hematoparvum are associated with anemia in dogs (canine hemoplasmosis), but the establishment of more severe clinical cases ...
Anemia is mostly a manifestation of an underlying disease process rather than being a primary disease and it is one of the most frequent and difficult to be solved nosological problems in every day veterinary clinical practice. It is characterized by decreased packed cell volume (hematocrit) and/or decreased hemoglobin concentration. Clinical picture of anemia results from reduced oxygen delivery to tissues, which is insufficient to cover metabolic requirements.. Infectious agents are among the most frequent causes of anemia in cats including: 1. Hemoparasites, Haemobartonella, Cytauxzoon and Babesia spp and less often Ehrlichia and Leishmania species.. 2. Viruses and mainly FeLV and FIV and 3. A variety of inflammatory diseases. Hemoparasites cause regenerative anemia and consequently reversible, either of acute or chronic type. To the contrary both anemia due to viruses and to inflammatory state (Anemia of Inflammatory Disease-AID) are chronic and of the hypoplastic or aplastic form.. ANEMIA ...
Serological surveys have confirmed Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in dromedary camels, but molecular surveys and genetic characterisation of camel-associated Anaplasma species are lacking. In this study, we detected tick-borne Anaplasmataceae in 30 of 100 (30%) healthy dromedary camels screened using a combined 16S rRNA-groEL PCR-sequencing approach. Nucleotide sequencing confirmed Anaplasmataceae genome presence in 28 of the 33 16S rRNA PCR-positive samples, with two additional positive samples, for which 16S rRNA sequence data were ambiguous, being identified by groEL gene characterisation. Phylogenetic analyses of a 1289 nt segment of the 16S rRNA gene confirmed the presence of a unique Ehrlichia lineage and a discrete Anaplasma lineage, comprising three variants, occurring at an overall prevalence of 4% and 26%, respectively. Genetic characterisation of an aligned 559 nt groEL gene region revealed the camel-associated Anaplasma and Ehrlichia lineages to be novel ...
Strains of Eperythrozoon wenyonii are cell-wall-less uncultivated parasitic bacteria that attach to the surface of host erythrocytes. 16S rRNA gene sequence has been determined for this species and phylogenetic analysis shows that this haemotrophic bacteria is closely related to species in the genus Mycoplasma Nowak 1929 (Approved Lists 1980) [1, 2]. To reflect this phylogenetic affiliation, Neimark et al. 2001 [2] propose that Eperythrozoon wenyonii be transferred to the genus Mycoplasma as Candidatus Mycoplasma wenyonii. Publication: Anonymous. Notification list. Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 51, part 3 of the IJSEM. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1231-1233. ...
Les Anaplasmataceae sont des bactéries intracellulaires transmises aux animaux et à lhomme, principalement par les tiques. Les Anaplasma spp. (A. marginale, A. phagocytophilum…) et les Ehrlichia spp. (E. canis, E. ruminantium...) en sont les principaux représentants dimportance économique et sanitaire. Les outils de diagnostic disponibles jouent un rôle déterminant dans leur identification. Nous proposons une approche globale par un système permettant didentifier la plupart des espèces dAnaplasmataceae. Il est basé sur le gène codant lARNr 23S ; il couple une qPCR et une PCR standard avec deux jeux damorces suivie dun séquençage. Il est testé pour en vérifier la spécificité, puis mis en oeuvre à partir de prélèvements de sang de ruminants et de tiques : dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques, des brebis suspectes dinfection sont porteuses dA. ovis et leurs tiques Rhipicephalus bursa, dA. ovis, dA. phagocytophilum et dune nouvelle ehrlichia. En Haute-Corse, une forte ...
ID WOLPP_1_PE1224 STANDARD; PRT; 93 AA. AC WOLPP_1_PE1224; DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 1, Created) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 2, Last sequence update) DT 00-JAN-0000 (Rel. 3, Last annotation update) DE (WOLPP_1.PE1224). OS WOLBACHIA ENDOSYMBIONT OF CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS PEL. OC Bacteria; Proteobacteria; Alphaproteobacteria; Rickettsiales; OC Anaplasmataceae; Wolbachieae; Wolbachia. OX NCBI_TaxID=570417; RN [0] RP -.; RG -.; RL -.; CC -!- SEQ. DATA ORIGIN: Translated from the HOGENOM CDS WOLPP_1.PE1224. CC Wolbachia endosymbiont of Culex quinquefasciatus Pel, complete genome. CC chromosome, complete genome. CC -!- GENE_FAMILY: HOG000219995 [ FAMILY / ALN / TREE ] DR HOGENOMDNA; WOLPP_1.PE1224; -. KW Putative phage related protein. SQ SEQUENCE 93 AA; UNKNOWN MW; UNKNOWN CRC64; MPSGIKPYNI DYSESVIKKD IPALPAKVKL MIKKAIMERL TVDPIGLGKP LKHNLSGQRS LRVSTYRILY YIDVPEHTVV ITAIEHRKDS YQN ...
The way of transmission of this disease to other animals is mainly due to ticks & fleas that have fed off of other infected animals and in blood transfusions where infected blood from one animal is transfused to an uninfected animal. When tick or flea suck blood from your pet Haemobartonella are passed on. It can also be spread through fighting between animals (body fluid exchange). In cats, the organism can also be spread from the queen -mother cat- to her kittens ...
pmid: 26362774] local doxycycline pill hyclate symptoms. Nonsteroidal antiandrogens can be used to sample and gram stain of respiratory anti-gbm antibody c onic kidney disease compared to 35% (67 of 229) to 15 of 51 months 40.4 favorable 80* 12 unfavorable 59* damico et al.50 44 t1-1,n0,m0 1 88 24 ono et al.3 gill et al.144 have reported only 4 patients under age 25 may be signifi- with .... Get Price ...
Mycoplasma haemofelis (formerly Haemobartonella felis) is a gram negative epierythrocytic parasitic bacterium. It often appears in bloodsmears as small (0.6μm) coccoid bodies, sometimes forming short chains of 3 to 6 organisms. It is usually the causative agent of Feline Infectious Anemia (FIA) in the United States. The ~1.15 Mb genome contains a minimalistic assortment of genes limited to the most basic cellular functions. This leaves M. haemofelis inextricably dependent upon its host for the provision of amino acids, cholesterol, vitamins, and fatty acids. The complex and specific conditions the bacterium requires have made it impossible to culture outside a host thus far. Arthropod vectors are thought to be the primary source of infection, although M. haemofelis is also known to be transmitted from queen to kitten and following blood transfusion. Immunocompromization and/or coinfection with FeLV, FIV, and other Mycoplasma species can exacerbate symptoms or cause symptoms to arise in ...
Heartwater is a notifiable disease that is listed by the World Organisation for Animal Health. It is caused by Ehrlichia ruminantium, an obligately intracellular Gramnegative bacterium in the order Rickettsiales and the family Anaplasmataceae. The disease is borne by ticks in the genus Amblyomma and causes heartwater, or cowdriosis, in wild and domestic ruminants, primarily in Africa, but also in parts of the Caribbean. The disease was recognised in South Africa in the 19th Century and determined to be tick borne in 1900, while the organism was identified in 1925 and first cultured in vitro in 1985. This latter achievement boosted research into the disease at a time when biology was moving into the molecular genetic age. Over the last 20 years, there have been significant improvements in our understanding of E. ruminantium, yielding major advances in diagnosis, epidemiology, genetic characterisation, phylogeny, immunology, and vaccine development ...
The Rickettsiales, also called rickettsias, are an order of small Alphaproteobacteria that are endosymbionts of eukaryotic cells. Some are notable pathogens, including Rickettsia, which causes a variety of diseases in humans, and Ehrlichia, which causes diseases in livestock. Another genus of well-known Rickettsiales are the Wolbachia, which infect approximately two-thirds of all arthropods and nearly all filarial nematodes . Genetic studies support the endosymbiotic theory according to which mitochondria and related organelles developed from members of this group. The Rickettsiales are difficult to cultivate, because they rely on eukaryotic host cells for their survival. The Rickettsiales further consist of three known families, the Rickettsiaceae, the Midichloriaceae and the Anaplasmataceae. Most studies also support the inclusion of the Holosporaceae, but one study has challenged this view . Here, the Holosporaceae are the sole representatives of its own order, the Holosporales and as such ...
Anaplasma, Anaplasma Marginale, Anaplasmataceae, Animal, Animals, Blood, Cattle, Deer, DNA, DNA Sequence, Ehrlichia, Ehrlichia Canis, Ehrlichia Ruminantium, Family, Genbank, Gene, Genotype, Infection, Parasites, PCR
Nango is neutered (April-12-2015), up to date with routine shots, micro-chipped, de-wormed and tested negative for heartworm.. Was likely abandoned as a puppy, when found collar outgrew causing neck laceration: Debridement and suture performed 04-13-2015 with full recovery. Blood Test January-25-2018. X-Rays January-25-2018. Patellar Luxation Examination January-25-2018. Dental Cleaning January-25-2018. Idexx SNAP® 4Dx® (April-11-2015). Tested negative for Heartworm, Lyme, Ehrlichia Canis, and Anaplasma Phagocytophilum. Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR Test (May-14-2015). Tested negative for Babesia spp. (B. Canis and B. Gibsoni), Ehrlichia spp. (E. Canis and Anaplasma Platys), Haemobartonella Canis, and Borrelia Burgdorferi. ...
The genus Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) comprises obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacteria that are mainly transmitted by ticks, and currently includes six species: Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma centrale, Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma platys, and Anaplasma ovis. These have long been known as etiological agents of veterinary diseases that affect domestic and wild animals worldwide. A zoonotic role has been recognized for A. phagocytophilum, but other species can also be pathogenic for humans.
ABBA BRAZIL.Daniel Couri Jornalista, natural de Muriaé (MG), nascido em 1979. Morando em Brasília (DF) desde 2000. Autor de Made in Suécia - O paraíso pop do ABBA (Editora ...--Brazil - CRW Flags Inc. Store in Glen Burnie, Maryland.Details of the Colours and Vertical Hanging. The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics (Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012) provides ...--Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária ....ABSTRACT. Ehrlichiosis is a disease caused by rickettsial organisms belonging to the genus Ehrlichia. In Brazil, molecular and serological studies have evaluated the ...--Brasil - Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.Nota: Para outras definições de Brasil ou Brazil, veja Brasil (desambiguação).--Past Events , UFC.O site oficial do Ultimate Fighting Championship; Licenciado por Zuffa, LLC 2001-2015.--Wahl - Brasil.Wahl Clipper. Desde 1919, a marca preferida pelos profissionais do mundo inteiro!--Trabalhe Conosco - ISS World - Brazil.A ISS foi fundada em Copenhaguen ...
Caramel is spayed (January-23-2018), up to date with routine shots, micro-chipped, de-wormed and tested negative for heartworm.. Blood Test December-29-2017, January-28-2018. Excessive drooling with warmer temperature, blood work on electrolytes and calcium revealed potassium in electrolytes lower resulting in slight liver inflammation, anti-inflammatory prescribed along with potassium supplements. X-Rays January-23-2018. Please note that x-rays only reflect when they were taken. Since shes still growing, hips and joints will be more fully developed when reaches the age of 1 for a more accurate assessment. Patellar Luxation Examination January-23-2018. Idexx SNAP® 4Dx® (November-29-2017). Tested negative for Heartworm, Lyme, Ehrlichia Canis, and Anaplasma Phagocytophilum. Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR Test (December-05-2017). Tested negative for Babesia spp. (B. Canis and B. Gibsoni), Ehrlichia spp. (E. Canis and Anaplasma Platys), Haemobartonella Canis, and Borrelia Burgdorferi. ...
Opens the Highlight Feature Bar and highlights feature annotations from the FEATURES table of the record. The Highlight Feature Bar can be used to navigate to and highlight other features and provides links to display the highlighted region separately. Links in the FEATURES table will also highlight the corresponding region of the sequence. More... ...
References. Aguiar D.M., Cavalcante G.T., Pinter A., Gennari S.M., Camargo L.M. & Labruna M.B. 2007. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from Brazil. J. Med. Entomol. 44:126-132. [ Links ] Aragão H. & Fonseca F. 1961. Ixodological notes. VIII. List and key to the representatives of the Brazilian ixodological fauna. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 59:115-129. [ Links ] Barutzki D., De Nicola A., Zeziola M. & Reule M. 2006. Seroprevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in dogs in Germany. Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wochenschr. 119:342-347. [ Links ] Beall M.J., Chandrashekar R., Eberts M.D., Cyr K.E., Diniz P.P., Mainville C., Hegarty B.C. & Crawford J.M., Breitschwerdt E.B. 2008. Serological and molecular prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Ehrlichia species in dogs from Minnesota. Vector Borne Zoonotic Diseases 8:455-464. [ Links ] Bown K.J., Lambin X., Ogden N.H., Petrovec M., ...
References. Aguiar DM, Saito TB, Hagiwara MK, Machado RZ, Labruna MB. Diagnóstico sorológico de erliquiose canina com antígeno brasileiro de Ehrlichia canis. Cienc Rural 2007a; 37(3): 796-802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782007000300030 [ Links ] Aguiar DM, Cavalcante GT, Pinter A, Gennari SM, Camargo LM, Labruna MB. Prevalence of Ehrlichia canis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in dogs and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae) ticks from Brazil. J Med Entomol 2007b; 44(1): 126-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2007)44[126:POECRA]2.0.CO;2 [ Links ] Apperson CS, Engber B, Nicholson WL, Mead DG, Engel J, Yabsley MJ, et al. Tick-borne diseases in North Carolina: Is Rickettsia amblyommii a possible cause of rickettsiosis reported as Rocky Mountain spotted fever? Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2008; 8(5): 597-606. PMid:18447622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2007.0271 [ Links ] Azevedo SS, Aguiar DM, Aquino SF, Orlandelli RC; Fernandes ARF, Uchôa ICP. Soroprevalência e fatores de ...
The Palearctic three-host species Dermacentor reticulatus contributes to the circulation of numerous pathogens in the environment. Reduction of its abundance may therefore decrease the risk of tick-borne diseases in a given area. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of various...

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