Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Anaplasma
Ehrlichiosis
A tick-borne disease characterized by FEVER; HEADACHE; myalgias; ANOREXIA; and occasionally RASH. It is caused by several bacterial species and can produce disease in DOGS; CATTLE; SHEEP; GOATS; HORSES; and humans. The primary species causing human disease are EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; and Ehrlichia ewingii.
Anaplasmosis
Anaplasma marginale
Ixodes
Tick-Borne Diseases
Bacterial, viral, or parasitic diseases transmitted to humans and animals by the bite of infected ticks. The families Ixodidae and Argasidae contain many bloodsucking species that are important pests of man and domestic birds and mammals and probably exceed all other arthropods in the number and variety of disease agents they transmit. Many of the tick-borne diseases are zoonotic.
Babesia microti
Ticks
Blood-sucking acarid parasites of the order Ixodida comprising two families: the softbacked ticks (ARGASIDAE) and hardbacked ticks (IXODIDAE). Ticks are larger than their relatives, the MITES. They penetrate the skin of their host by means of highly specialized, hooked mouth parts and feed on its blood. Ticks attack all groups of terrestrial vertebrates. In humans they are responsible for many TICK-BORNE DISEASES, including the transmission of ROCKY MOUNTAIN SPOTTED FEVER; TULAREMIA; BABESIOSIS; AFRICAN SWINE FEVER; and RELAPSING FEVER. (From Barnes, Invertebrate Zoology, 5th ed, pp543-44)
Nymph
Anaplasma centrale
Dermacentor
HL-60 Cells
A promyelocytic cell line derived from a patient with ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA. HL-60 cells lack specific markers for LYMPHOID CELLS but express surface receptors for FC FRAGMENTS and COMPLEMENT SYSTEM PROTEINS. They also exhibit phagocytic activity and responsiveness to chemotactic stimuli. (From Hay et al., American Type Culture Collection, 7th ed, pp127-8)
Deer
The family Cervidae of 17 genera and 45 species occurring nearly throughout North America, South America, and Eurasia, on most associated continental islands, and in northern Africa. Wild populations of deer have been established through introduction by people in Cuba, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other places where the family does not naturally occur. They are slim, long-legged and best characterized by the presence of antlers. Their habitat is forests, swamps, brush country, deserts, and arctic tundra. They are usually good swimmers; some migrate seasonally. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1362)
Arachnid Vectors
Arthropod Vectors
Anaplasmataceae
Borrelia burgdorferi
Disease Reservoirs
Animate or inanimate sources which normally harbor disease-causing organisms and thus serve as potential sources of disease outbreaks. Reservoirs are distinguished from vectors (DISEASE VECTORS) and carriers, which are agents of disease transmission rather than continuing sources of potential disease outbreaks.
Ixodidae
Ehrlichia chaffeensis
Babesia
Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins
Ehrlichia
Anaplasma ovis
Babesiosis
Dog Diseases
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Lyme Disease
An infectious disease caused by a spirochete, BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered at Old Lyme, Connecticut.
Seroepidemiologic Studies
Ehrlichia canis
Horses
Rickettsia
Slovakia
Polymerase Chain Reaction
In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Salivary Glands
Zoonoses
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Animals, Wild
Rodent Diseases
Borrelia
Dirofilaria immitis
Antigenic Variation
Change in the surface ANTIGEN of a microorganism. There are two different types. One is a phenomenon, especially associated with INFLUENZA VIRUSES, where they undergo spontaneous variation both as slow antigenic drift and sudden emergence of new strains (antigenic shift). The second type is when certain PARASITES, especially trypanosomes, PLASMODIUM, and BORRELIA, survive the immune response of the host by changing the surface coat (antigen switching). (From Herbert et al., The Dictionary of Immunology, 4th ed)
Cytokine gene expression by peripheral blood leukocytes in horses experimentally infected with Anaplasma phagocytophila. (1/299)
Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), a tick-borne zoonosis, is caused by an obligatory intragranulocytic bacterium, the HGE agent, a strain of Anaplasma phagocytophila. The equine model of HGE is considered valuable in understanding pathogenic and immune mechanisms of HGE. In the present study, cytokine mRNA expression by peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in horses was examined during the course of infection by intravenous inoculation of A. phagocytophila or by allowing feeding by infected ticks. The p44 genes encoding the major outer membrane protein P44s of A. phagocytophila were detected by PCR in PBLs of all four horses from 4 to 20 days postexposure. During the 20-day infection period, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression was upregulated in PBLs of all four horses, and IL-8 mRNA expression was upregulated in three horses. Gamma interferon, IL-10, and IL-12 p35 mRNAs were weakly expressed in only one horse each. IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, and IL-12 p40 mRNA expression, however, could not be detected in the PBLs of any of the four horses. These results suggest that IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 generation during A. phagocytophila infection has a primary role in HGE pathogenesis and immunomodulation. (+info)Repression of rac2 mRNA expression by Anaplasma phagocytophila is essential to the inhibition of superoxide production and bacterial proliferation. (2/299)
Anaplasma phagocytophila, the etiologic agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, is an emerging bacterial pathogen that invades neutrophils and can be cultivated in HL-60 cells. Infected neutrophils and HL-60 cells fail to produce superoxide anion (O(2)(-)), which is partially attributable to the fact that A. phagocytophila inhibits transcription of gp91(phox), an integral component of NADPH oxidase. cDNA microarray and RT-PCR analyses demonstrated that transcription of the gene encoding Rac2, a key component in NADPH oxidase activation, was down-regulated in infected HL-60 cells. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that rac2 mRNA expression was reduced 7-fold in retinoic acid-differentiated HL-60 cells and 50-fold in neutrophils following A. phagocytophila infection. Rac2 protein expression was absent in infected HL-60 cells. Rac1 and Rac2 are interchangeable in their abilities to activate NADPH oxidase. HL-60 cells transfected to express myc-tagged rac1 and gp91(phox) from the CMV immediate early promoter maintained the ability to generate O(2)(-) 120 h postinfection. A. phagocytophila proliferation was severely inhibited in these cells. These results directly attribute the inhibition of rac2 and gp91(phox) transcription to the loss of NADPH oxidase activity in A. phagocytophila-infected cells and demonstrate its importance to bacterial intracellular survival. (+info)Roles of neutrophil beta 2 integrins in kinetics of bacteremia, extravasation, and tick acquisition of Anaplasma phagocytophila in mice. (3/299)
Tick saliva contains anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive substances that facilitate blood feeding and enhance tick-vectored pathogen transmission, including Anaplasma phagocytophila an etiologic agent of granulocytic ehrlichiosis. As such, inflammation at a tick-feeding site is strikingly different than that typically observed at other sites of inflammation. Up-regulation of CD11b/CD18 occurs in host granulocytes following interaction or infection with A phagocytophila, and the absence of CD11b/CD18 results in early increases in bacteremia. We hypothesized that beta 2 integrin-dependent infection kinetics and leukocyte extravasation are important determinants of neutrophil trafficking to, and pathogen acquisition at, tick-feeding sites. A phagocytophila infection kinetics were evaluated in CD11a/CD18, CD11b/CD18, and CD18 knock-out mice using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of blood, ticks, and skin biopsies in conjunction with histopathology. A marked increase in the rate of A phagocytophila infection of neutrophils and pathogen burden in blood followed tick feeding. Infection kinetics were modified by beta 2 integrin expression and systemic neutrophil counts. Significant neutrophil-pathogen trafficking was observed to both suture and tick sites. Despite the prominent role for beta 2 integrins in neutrophil arrest in flowing blood, successful pathogen acquisition by ticks occurred in the absence of beta 2 integrins. Establishment of feeding pools that rely less on leukocyte trafficking and more on small hemorrhages may explain the ready amplification of A phagocytophila DNA from ticks infested on CD11/CD18-deficient mouse strains. (+info)Antibiotic susceptibilities of Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) phagocytophilum strains from various geographic areas in the United States. (4/299)
We tested the antibiotic susceptibilities of eight strains of Anaplasma phagocytophilum (the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis) collected in various geographic areas of the United States, including Minnesota, Wisconsin, California, and New York. The results are homogeneous and show that doxycycline, rifampin, and levofloxacin are the most active antibiotics against these strains in vitro. (+info)Seasonal dynamics of Anaplasma phagocytophila in a rodent-tick (Ixodes trianguliceps) system, United Kingdom. (5/299)
We investigated the reservoir role of European wild rodents for Anaplasma phagocytophila using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of blood collected from individually tagged rodents captured monthly over 2 years. The only tick species observed in the woodland study site was Ixodes trianguliceps, and ruminant reservoir hosts were not known to occur. A. phagocytophila infections were detected in both bank voles and wood mice but were restricted to periods of peak nymphal and adult tick activity. Most PCR-positive rodents were positive only once, suggesting that rodent infections are generally short-lived and that ticks rather than rodents may maintain the infection over winter. Bank voles were more likely to be PCR positive than wood mice, possibly because detectable infections are longer lived in bank voles. This study confirms that woodland rodents can maintain A. phagocytophila in Great Britain in the absence of other reservoir hosts and suggests that I. trianguliceps is a competent vector. (+info)Comparison of PCR assays for detection of the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum. (6/299)
Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis is an emerging infectious disease in the United States and Europe, and PCR methods have been shown to be effective for the diagnosis of acute infections. Numerous PCR assays and primer sets have been reported in the literature. The analytical sensitivities (limits of detection) of 13 published PCR primer sets were compared using DNA extracted from serial dilutions of Anaplasma phagocytophilum-infected HL-60 cells. The specificity of the assays that were able to detectExpression of multiple outer membrane protein sequence variants from a single genomic locus of Anaplasma phagocytophilum. (7/299)
Anaplasma phagocytophilum is the causative agent of an emerging tick-borne zoonosis in the United States and Europe. The organism causes a febrile illness accompanied by other nonspecific symptoms and can be fatal, especially if treatment is delayed. Persistence of A. phagocytophilum within mammalian reservoir hosts is important for ensuring continued disease transmission. In the related organism Anaplasma marginale, persistence is associated with antigenic variation of the immunoprotective outer membrane protein MSP2. Extensive diversity of MSP2 is achieved by combinatorial gene conversion of a genomic expression site by truncated pseudogenes. The major outer membrane protein of A. phagocytophilum, MSP2(P44), is homologous to MSP2 of A. marginale, has a similar organization of conserved and variable regions, and is also encoded by a multigene family containing some truncated gene copies. This suggests that the two organisms could use similar mechanisms to generate diversity in outer membrane proteins from their small genomes. We define here a genomic expression site for MSP2(P44) in A. phagocytophilum. As in A. marginale, the msp2(p44) gene in this expression site is polymorphic in all populations of organisms we have examined, whether organisms are obtained from in vitro culture in human HL-60 cells, from culture in the tick cell line ISE6, or from infected human blood. Changes in culture conditions were found to favor the growth and predominance of certain msp2(p44) variants. Insertions, deletions, and substitutions in the region of the genomic expression site encoding the central hypervariable region matched sequence polymorphisms in msp2(p44) mRNA. These data suggest that, similarly to A. marginale, A. phagocytophilum uses combinatorial mechanisms to generate a large array of outer membrane protein variants. Such gene polymorphism has profound implications for the design of vaccines, diagnostic tests, and therapy. (+info)Anaplasma phagocytophilum reduces neutrophil apoptosis in vivo. (8/299)
Ovine neutrophils spontaneously underwent apoptosis during culture in vitro, as assessed by morphological changes and exposure of annexin V binding sites on their cell surfaces. The addition of conditioned medium from concanavalin A-treated ovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) could partially protect against this progression into apoptosis, but dexamethasone and sodium butyrate could not. Actinomycin D accelerated the rate at which ovine neutrophils underwent apoptosis. Neutrophils isolated from sheep experimentally infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum showed significantly delayed apoptosis during culture ex vivo, and the addition of conditioned medium from PBMC to these cells could not delay apoptosis above the protective effects observed after in vivo infection. The ability of neutrophils from A. phagocytophilum-infected sheep to activate a respiratory burst was increased compared to the activity measured in neutrophils from uninfected sheep, but chemotaxis was decreased in neutrophils from infected sheep. These data are the first demonstration that in vivo infection with A. phagocytophilum results in changes in rates of apoptosis of infected immune cells. This may help explain how these bacteria replicate in these normally short-lived cells. (+info)Prevalence of human-Active and variant 1 strains of the tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum in hosts and forests of...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in small mammal hosts of Ixodes ticks, Western United States<...
Important frequency of Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in a population of domiciled dogs in an urbanized area in south...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum variants in sympatric red deer (Cervus elaphus) and sheep in southern Norway. - Semantic Scholar
Figure - Severe Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis Transmitted by Blood Transfusion - Volume 18, Number 8-August 2012 - Emerging...
Murine neutrophils require α 1,3-fucosylation but not PSGL-1 for productive infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum<...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum in ticks in Slovenia | Parasites & Vectors | Full Text
Comparative genomics of first available bovine Anaplasma phagocytophilum genome obtained with targeted sequence capture | BMC...
Reservoir Competence of Vertebrate Hosts for Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Volume 18, Number 12-December 2012 - Emerging...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum evolves in geographical and biotic niches of vertebrates and ticks | Parasites & Vectors | Full Text
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus ticks from Norway using a realtime PCR assay targeting the Anaplasma...
Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Lyme Disease, Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis, and Babesiosis: A Review | Infectious...
Avhandlingar.se: HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC ANAPLASMOSIS
Frontiers | Infection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia spp. in Opossums and Dogs in Campeche, Mexico: The Role of...
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Transformation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum | BMC Biotechnology | Full Text
Outer Membrane Protein Sequence Variation in Lambs Experimentally Infected with Anaplasma phagocytophilum | Infection and...
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum induces Ixodes scapularis ticks to express an antifreeze glycoprotein gene that enhances their...
Occurrence of ticks and prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in three types of urban biotopes:...
Frontiers | The Pathogen-Occupied Vacuoles of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma marginale Interact with the Endoplasmic...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in rabbits from southeastern China.
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Genomic insights into the Ixodes scapularis tick vector of Lyme disease
Effects of cattle grazing on Ixodes ricinus-borne disease risk in forest areas of the Netherlands - WUR
Expansion of the Midwestern Focus for Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis into the Region Surrounding La Crosse, Wisconsin
Anaplasma regulation of host granulocyte function - John Dumler
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | Case Report: Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing of Tick Bite Site...
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Comparative analysis of the infectivity rate of both Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in humans and dogs in a...
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Internalization and survival mechanisms of human ehrlichiosis agents ehrlichia chaffeensis and anaplasma phagocytophilum in...
Molecular detection of novel Anaplasmataceae closely related to Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis in the dromedary camel ...
Guidelines for the direct detection of Anaplasma spp. In diagnosis and epidemiological studies | The Pirbright Institute
Coincidence of three pathogens (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia microti) in Ixodes...
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Anaplasma spp
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What is a Human Granulocyte Anaplasmosis or disease? - All Diseases & Conditions | ALLD
Diseases | Drovers
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
... HZ Genome Page Anaplasma+phagocytophilum at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophilum) is a Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its tropism to ... Thomas V, Fikrig E (July 2007). "Anaplasma phagocytophilum specifically induces tyrosine phosphorylation of ROCK1 during ... December 2005). "Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum". Emerging Infect. Dis. 11 (12): 1828-34. doi: ...
Canine vector-borne disease
Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes granulocytic anaplasmosis. Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease. Rickettsia rickettsii ...
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis
December 2005). "Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 11 (12): 1828-34 ... and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from a coastal region of California". J. Med. Entomol. 40 (4): 534-9. ...
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
E. phagocytophilum and E. equi were reclassified as Anaplasma phagocytophilum.[citation needed] Ehrlichiosis Malik A, Jameel M ... are found in Anaplasma and those which interact with Anaplasma can mainly be found in A. marginale and A. phagocytophilum. ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum shares its tick vector with other human pathogens, and about 10% of patients with HGA show serologic ... Lee HC, Kioi M, Han J, Puri RK, Goodman JL (September 2008). "Anaplasma phagocytophilum-induced gene expression in both human ...
Secretion
"Type IV secretion in the obligatory intracellular bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum". Cellular Microbiology. 12 (9): 1213-21 ... T4SS has two effector proteins: firstly, ATS-1, which stands for Anaplasma translocated substrate 1, and secondly AnkA, which ...
Anaplasmosis
The two major species that cause anaplasmosis in ruminants include Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Anaplasma ... The two major bacterial pathogens are Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. These microorganisms are Gram-negative ... Atif FA (November 2015). "Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum: Rickettsiales pathogens of veterinary and public ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum is also found worldwide, mainly transmitted by Ixodes ticks. Other species that cause anaplasmosis in ...
Anaplasma bovis
"Novel Genetic Variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma centrale, and a Novel Ehrlichia sp. in Wild ... Fukui, Yuichi; Inokuma, Hisashi (2019). "Subclinical Infections of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis in Dogs from ... "Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma bovis in Small Wild Mammals from Taichung and Kinmen Island, Taiwan". ... "First Molecular Evidence of Anaplasma bovis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Bovine from Central Punjab, Pakistan". Pathogens. ...
Ehrlichiosis ewingii infection
Like Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis, Ehrlichia ewingii infects neutrophils. ...
Syringophilidae
Additionally Spiroplasma bacteria are suspected symbionts, besides potentially the pathogens Anaplasma phagocytophilum, ...
SP110
2007). "Sp110 transcription is induced and required by Anaplasma phagocytophilum for infection of human promyelocytic cells". ...
Ehrlichia ewingii
Lin, Mingqun; Rikihisa, Yasuko (2003-09-01). "Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum lack genes for lipid A ... It is also closely related to Wolbachia, Anaplasma, and Neorickettsia bacteria, with Rickettsia as a more distant genus. ... unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions ...
Ehrlichiosis
Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis. A. phagocytophilum is endemic to New England and the north- ... genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. These obligate intracellular bacteria infect and kill white blood cells. The average reported ...
Dermacentor variabilis
D. variabilis may also carry Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the causative agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and Ehrlichia ... and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) from a Coastal Region of California". J. Med. Entomol. 40 (4): 534-9. ...
Northern white-breasted hedgehog
Hedgehogs Erinaceus Roumanicus as Hosts for Ticks Infected with Borrelia Burgdorferi Sensu Lato and Anaplasma Phagocytophilum ...
Ixodes angustus
... and infection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in California, USA." Experimental and Applied Acarology ...
Ixodes scapularis
... such as Babesia microti and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which cause the diseases babesiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis ... birds in introduction and range expansion of Ixodes scapularis ticks and of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum ...
Feline infectious anemia
Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum. Prevalence of Infectious Agents and Anti-Erythrocyte ...
Neorickettsia risticii
April 2006). "Prevalence of Bartonella species, haemoplasma species, Ehrlichia species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and ... April 2006). "Prevalence of Bartonella species, haemoplasma species, Ehrlichia species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and ...
Ehrlichia canis
... and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in dogs in the United States: Results of a national clinic-based serologic survey". Veterinary ...
Anaplasma
... marginale and Anaplasma centrale in cattle Anaplasma ovis and Anaplasma mesaeterum in sheep and goats Anaplasma phagocytophilum ... Anaplasma is a genus of bacteria of the alphaproteobacterial order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae. Anaplasma species ... cite journal}}: Cite journal requires ,journal= (help) Anaplasma genomes in the JGI genome browser Anaplasma at the US National ... Anaplasma platys in dogs The Anaplasma sparouinense species is responsible for a rare zoonosis, the Sparouine anaplasmosis, ...
Lyme disease
... such as Babesia microti and Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which cause the diseases babesiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis ...
Rifampicin
... as an alternative treatment for infections by the tick-borne pathogens Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum when ...
Lipoptena cervi
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a Gram-negative, obligately intracellular bacterium that causes anaplasmosis, has been detected in L ...
Ticks of domestic animals
Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophila) is a bacterium of deer that spreads to sheep where it causes tick ... Anaplasma centrale tends to infect the central region of red blood cells, and is sufficiently closely related to An. marginale ... Anaplasma marginale infects marginal areas of red blood cells of cattle and causes anaplasmosis wherever boophilid ticks occur ... However, some microbes, such as Anaplasma marginale and A. centrale, can also be transmitted by biting flies, or by blood on ...
List of clinically important bacteria
... baumannii Actinomyces israelii Agrobacterium radiobacter Agrobacterium tumefaciens Anaplasma Anaplasma phagocytophilum ...
Tick-borne disease
Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia phagocytophilum or Ehrlichia equi) Vector: Lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum ...
Notifiable diseases in the United States
... virus infections Dengue Dengue-like illness Severe dengue Diphtheria Ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis Anaplasma phagocytophilum ...
List of MeSH codes (B03)
Anaplasma marginale MeSH B03.440.040.050.575 - Anaplasma ovis MeSH B03.440.040.050.600 - Anaplasma phagocytophilum MeSH B03.440 ... Anaplasma marginale MeSH B03.660.050.020.050.575 - Anaplasma ovis MeSH B03.660.050.020.050.600 - Anaplasma phagocytophilum MeSH ... Anaplasma MeSH B03.660.050.020.050.100 - Anaplasma centrale MeSH B03.660.050.020.050.500 - ... Anaplasma MeSH B03.440.040.050.100 - Anaplasma centrale MeSH B03.440.040.050.500 - ...
Ehrlichia
... and its closely related genus Anaplasma show extreme diversity in the structure and content of their genomes. This ... phagocytophilum is spread by the Ixodes scapularis tick in the Upper Midwest; 1,518 cases of E. chaffeensis were recorded in ... "Structural basis for segmental gene conversion in generation of Anaplasma marginale outer membrane protein variants". Molecular ...
2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championships
The 2014 Ju-Jitsu World Championship were the 12th edition of the Ju-Jitsu World Championships, and were held in Paris, France from November 28 to November 30, 2014. 28.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Men's Duo System - Classic 29.11.2014 - Men's and Women's Fighting System, Men's and Women's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Women's Duo System - Classic 30.11.2014 - Men's Jiu-Jitsu (ne-waza), Mixed Duo System - Classic, Team event Vincent MATCZAK (2014-09-30). "4TH INVITAION TO WORLD CHAMPIONSHIP 2014" (PDF). Retrieved 2019-11-28.[dead link] Online results Official results (PDF) Mixed team event results (PDF) (All articles with dead external links, Articles with dead external links from April 2022, Ju-Jitsu World Championships, 2014 in French sport ...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum</I> Transmitted Through Blood Transfusion
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Anaplasma phagocytophilum Transmitted Through Blood Transfusion --- Minnesota, 2007. Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a gram-negative ... Both A. phagocytophilum and E. chaffeensis can survive in refrigerated RBCs, and possible transfusion-transmission cases have ... PCR and IFA tests on samples from a female RBC donor aged 64 years were positive for A. phagocytophilum infection (Table). A. ... A. phagocytophilum, the causative agent of anaplasmosis, typically is transmitted to humans by infected Ixodes spp. ticks. In ...
Reservoir Competence of Vertebrate Hosts for Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Volume 18, Number 12-December 2012 - Emerging...
Dumler JS, Choi K, Garcia-Garcia J, Barat N, Scorpio D, Garyu J, Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. ... Multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi. J Clin Microbiol. 2004;42:3164-8. ... HGA is caused by a rickettsial bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum (1), groups of which form dense aggregations in ... Mean reservoir competence of 14 host species (10 mammals and 4 birds) for Anaplasma phagocytophilum, southeastern New York, USA ...
Anaplasma Phagocytophilum Infection| CDC
Reservoir Competence of Vertebrate Hosts for Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal<...
title = "Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal",. abstract = "A retrospective study to detect Anaplasma ... Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal. / Santos, Ana Sofia; Bacellar, F.; Dumler, J. S. ... Santos, A. S., Bacellar, F., & Dumler, J. S. (2006). Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal. In Century of ... Human exposure to Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Portugal. In Century of Rickettsiology; Emerging, Reemerging Rickettsioses, ...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) | Ulta Lab Tests
The Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) Quest lab test contains 1 test with 3 biomarkers. ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) The Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) test contains 1 test with 3 ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) - Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne agent that causes an acute febrile ...
Ehrlichiosis: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology
... is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which infect granulocytes. In contrast, human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is caused by ... A real-time combined polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid detection and differentiation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, ... Ehrlichia/Anaplasma are tiny (0.2-2 µm) obligate, intracytoplasmic, gram-negative bacteria that resemble Rickettsia; divide by ... Ehrlichia, anaplasma, and related infections. Kimberlin DW, Brady MT, Jackson MA, Long SS. Red Book: 2018 Report of the ...
Ehrlichiosis: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology
... is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which infect granulocytes. In contrast, human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is caused by ... A real-time combined polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid detection and differentiation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, ... Ehrlichia/Anaplasma are tiny (0.2-2 µm) obligate, intracytoplasmic, gram-negative bacteria that resemble Rickettsia; divide by ... Ehrlichia, anaplasma, and related infections. Kimberlin DW, Brady MT, Jackson MA, Long SS. Red Book: 2018 Report of the ...
View of Natural Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in ticks from a forest area of Selenge province, Mongolia | Western...
Anaplasma platys infection in Ixodes persulcatus ticks was 1.8%. For Dermacentor nuttalli ticks, Anaplasma phagocytophilum was ... An investigation of the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum as well as Anaplasma platys was conducted in a forest area of ... In this study, both Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma platys infection were detected in ticks from the forest area of ... To the authors knowledge, this study is the first description of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma platys in ticks in ...
Anaplasma phagocytophilum
Ehrlichiosis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Anaplasma phagocytophilum IFA - Midwest Vet Labs
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Associations of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Bacteria Variants in Ixodes scapularis Ticks and Humans, New York, USA [PDF - 3.07 MB ... Associations of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Bacteria Variants in Ixodes scapularis Ticks and Humans, New York, USA. Emerging ... Associations of Anaplasma phagocytophilum Bacteria Variants in Ixodes scapularis Ticks and Humans, New York, USA. Emerg Infect ... Anaplasmosis, caused by the tickborne bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, is an emerging public health threat in the United ...
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Serological and molecular survey of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Italian hunting dogs.
The presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-transmitted zoonotic pathogen, has been reported in Italy in humans and ... The presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-transmitted zoonotic pathogen, has been reported in Italy in humans and ... Serological and molecular survey of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Italian hunting dogs.. EBANI, VALENTINA VIRGINIA;BERTELLONI, ... The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection in hunting dogs which live in geographic ...
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A-Z Index of Division of Vector-Borne Disease Topics | Division of Vector-Borne Diseases | NCEZID | CDC
Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum - Volume 11, Number 12-December 2005 - Emerging Infectious...
Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis and Anaplasma phagocytophilum On This Page Pathology of A. phagocytophilum Infections in Humans ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum AnkA binds to granulocyte DNA and nuclear proteins. Cell Microbiol. 2004;6:743-51. DOIPubMedGoogle ... Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection induces protracted neutrophil degranulation. Infect Immun. 2004;72:3680-3. DOIPubMedGoogle ... phagocytophilum Infections. Anaplasma species are small (0.2-1.0 μm in diameter) obligate intracellular bacteria with a gram- ...
Diagnostics Subcommittee Report to the TBDWG | HHS.gov
IUCr) Immobilized metal-affinity chromatography protein-recovery screening is predictive of crystallographic structure success
The Changing Distribution of Ticks and Tick-borne Infections | CDC Emergency Preparedness & Response
... and then the data on Anaplasma phagocytophilum vary. There are some papers that say it does take more than 24 hours, but then ... antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi Anaplasma, Phagocytophilum, and Ehrlichia. So in tapping into that data, we actually have ... because theres not evidence of autochthonous transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi or Anaplasma phagocytophilum in the southern ... Then of course, Lyme disease is a primary concern with Ixodes, but also in Anaplasma, human Babesia. Theres a newer Ehrlichia ...
Coinfection by Ixodes Tick-Borne Pathogens: Ecological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Consequences: Trends in Parasitology
Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, and Borrelia burgdorferi in Ixodes scapularis, southern coastal Maine. ... Serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Babesia microti in recaptured white-footed mice. ... Meta-analysis of coinfection and coexposure with Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in humans, domestic animals ... Co-infections with Borrelia species, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia spp. in patients with tick-borne encephalitis. ...
Ehrlichia12
- Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species, members of the family Rickettsiae, are gram-negative, obligate, intracellular coccobacilli that resemble Rickettsia species. (medscape.com)
- Ehrlichia chaffeensis (human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis), and other anaplasmataceae. (medlineplus.gov)
- Ticks were examined for Ehrlichia and Anaplasma by nested PCR directed at the gltA, antigen-expressing gene containing a variable number of tandem repeats, 16S rRNA, and groESL genes. (cdc.gov)
- 2021). Compounding the public health significance is the high rate of other tick-borne infections and co-infections, such as Babesia parasites, several species of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Rickettsia bacteria, and several viruses. (hhs.gov)
- Ehrlichioses and anaplasmoses are infections caused by bacterial organisms of the genera Ehrlichia and Anaplasma that typically target certain host blood cells. (vin.com)
- Ehrlichia canis and E. chaffeensis infect monocytes, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and E. ewingii infect granulocytes, and A. platys infects platelets. (vin.com)
- Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species are obligatory intracellular bacteria that are transmitted by ticks. (vin.com)
- Well, it turns out he's also got Anaplasma Phagocytophilum and Babesia in addition to the Ehrlichia Canis. (greytalk.com)
- I think the treatment for Anaplasma Phagocytophilum is Doxycycline, the same as is used to treat Ehrlichia. (greytalk.com)
- Las principales especies que producen la enfermedad en los seres humanos son EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS, ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM y Ehrlichia ewingii. (bvsalud.org)
- We report the first molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a novel Rickettsia-like and Ehrlichia-like species, in Rh. (eurekamag.com)
- Bell CA, Patel R. A real-time combined polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid detection and differentiation of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, and Ehrlichia ewingii. (medscape.com)
Anaplasmosis8
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum , a gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium of neutrophils, causes human anaplasmosis, a tickborne rickettsial disease formerly known as human granulocytic ehrlichiosis ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
- Although a previous case of transfusion-transmitted anaplasmosis was reported ( 2 ), this is the first published report in which transfusion transmission of A. phagocytophilum was confirmed by testing of the recipient and a donor. (cdc.gov)
- Fourteen vertebrate species (10 mammals and 4 birds) were assessed for their ability to transmit Anaplasma phagocytophilum , the bacterium that causes human granulocytic anaplasmosis, to uninfected feeding ixodid ticks. (cdc.gov)
- Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), formerly known as human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum, which infect granulocytes. (medscape.com)
- Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) was first reported in the United States of America in 1994, 2 and since then Anaplasma phagocytophilum has been considered an emerging pathogen of public health importance. (who.int)
- Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is a tickborne rickettsial infection of neutrophils caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum . (cdc.gov)
- Their report of cases for 2020 enumerated 468 cases of non-Lyme tick-borne diseases including 385 cases of anaplasmosis, an infection caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum which can also be transmitted by the blacklegged deer tick (Ixodes scapularis) known to transmit the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi commonly responsible for Lyme. (mofga.org)
- Description Anaplasmosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. (diseasesdic.com)
Chaffeensis1
- The significance of these diseases has been highlighted since the discovery of the human ehrlichioses caused by E. chaffeensis , E. ewingii, and A. phagocytophilum . (vin.com)
Bacterium3
- HGA is caused by a rickettsial bacterium, Anaplasma phagocytophilum ( 1 ), groups of which form dense aggregations in granulocytes ( 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- This study is the first evidence of human exposure to A. phagocytophilum or an antigenically similar bacterium in Portugal, and suggests that LB patients are significantly more likely to contact A. phagocytophilum. (elsevier.com)
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium long recognized as a veterinary agent 1 and more recently as a human infection. (who.int)
Antibodies7
- Serum from November 3--5 was tested at CDC and found to be weakly positive by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) (titer 1:64) for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to A. phagocytophilum . (cdc.gov)
- In 4 of tive P44 proteins (online Technical patients in Japan reacted with antigens the patients, antibodies to A. phago- Appendix Figure 3) were produced of A. phagocytophilum cultured in cytophilum were detected in serum as recombinant proteins in vitro by THP-1 cells rather than in HL60 cells by using A. phagocytophilum cultured insect cell-free protein synthesis in IFA ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- A retrospective study to detect Anaplasma phagocytophilum antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) and Western blot (WB) assay was conducted in 367 potentially exposed patients from Portugal. (elsevier.com)
- The Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) test contains 1 test with 3 biomarkers. (ultalabtests.com)
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum Antibodies (IgG, IgM) - Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a tick-borne agent that causes an acute febrile illness that often resembles Rocky Mountain spotted fever. (ultalabtests.com)
- Sera from 215 hunting dogs were tested by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) to detect antibodies to A. phagocytophilum. (unipi.it)
- Serum antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi , Anaplasma phagocytophilum , and Babesia microti in recaptured white-footed mice. (cell.com)
Ixodes3
- infection of Anaplasma platys was detected in 1% of Ixodes persulcatus ticks and 10% of Dermacentor nuttalli ticks. (who.int)
- Red and fallow deer determine the density of Ixodes ricinus nymphs containing Anaplasma phagocytophilum. (slu.se)
- 2015) Relatively low prevalence of Babesia microti and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes scapularis ticks collected in the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. (muhlenberg.edu)
Babesia1
- I don't know abou Anaplasma, but I know that Doxy doesn't work for Babesia. (greytalk.com)
Bacteria3
- It is caused by the rickettsial bacteria called Anaplasma phagocytophilum . (medlineplus.gov)
- During the process of classification of the human agent, phylogenetic studies showed taxonomic disarray among organisms broadly referred to as ehrlichiae, and a careful reorganization now places those bacteria previously classified as E . phagocytophila , E . equi , and the HGE agent into a different genus as a single species, A . phagocytophilum ( Figure 2 ) ( 1 , 3 ). (cdc.gov)
- Some of the lice from the grey seal pup were also carrying Anaplasma phagocytophilum , the bacteria which causes tick-borne fever and as their name indicates, are usually carried by ticks. (blogspot.com)
Neutrophils2
GroEL gene1
- 7 Primers designed to amplify the partial groEL gene encoding heat-shock protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum EphplgroELF (5′-ATGGTATGCAGTTTGATCGC-3′) and EphplgroELR (5′-TCTACTCTGTCTTTGCGTTC-3′) were used and expected to yield a 625-bp product for Anaplasma phagocytophilum and for Anaplasma platys , respectively. (who.int)
Species5
- Anaplasma the variation of P44 protein species in further confirmed the specific reaction phagocytophilum HL60 cells ( 2 , 5 ). (cdc.gov)
- tive with A. phagocytophilum cultured nantly 2 species of p44 / msp2 tran- cdc.gov/EID/article/20/3/13-1337- in THP-1 cells in IFA bound to either scripts in THP-1 cells, but it produces Techapp1.pdf). (cdc.gov)
- Serosurveys and molecular diagnostics within disease-endemic zones show that many ground-dwelling vertebrate species are exposed to or infected with A. phagocytophilum ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
- We determined the reservoir competence for A. phagocytophilum of 14 species (10 mammals and 4 birds) in a disease-endemic region of the eastern United States. (cdc.gov)
- The presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, a tick-transmitted zoonotic pathogen, has been reported in Italy in humans and several animal species, including dogs, but data concerning its prevalence in the Italian canine population are lacking. (unipi.it)
Platys1
- An investigation of the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum as well as Anaplasma platys was conducted in a forest area of Selenge province, Mongolia, where ticks are widely distributed and tick-borne diseases are highly endemic. (who.int)
Zoonotic1
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum is a zoonotic agent of public health importance, infecting both humans and animals. (who.int)
Polymerase chain re2
- Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays provided reliable evidence of transmission in this case, no cost-effective method for screening blood donors for A. phagocytophilum exists. (cdc.gov)
- Bufy coat samples from the same 215 animals were submitted to a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay specific for the A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene. (unipi.it)
Reservoirs1
- In Mongolia, livestock play an important role as reservoirs of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in endemic areas. (who.int)
Pathogen2
- Because no evidence has been found for transovarial transmission of A. phagocytophilum ( 9 ) or of infection in larval ticks, these infestations likely did not affect host exposure to the pathogen. (cdc.gov)
- The niche for A . phagocytophilum , the neutrophil, indicates that the pathogen has unique adaptations and pathogenetic mechanisms. (cdc.gov)
Vectors1
- The objective of this study was to investigate the presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilumin tick vectors in a forest area of Selenge province, Mongolia. (who.int)
Serum1
- tation and laboratory findings for the 4 18ES for HL60) as antigens, most of The previous studies showed that A. patients are summarized in the online the serum from the patients was reac- phagocytophilum expresses predomi- Technical Appendix Table, (wwwnc. (cdc.gov)
Rickettsia1
- Serological Evidence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia spp. (mdpi.com)
Gene1
- Sequencing of PCR products revealed gene sequences of A. phagocytophilum in both cases. (unipi.it)
Humans1
- 4 Anaplasma phagocytophilum is thought to be naturally maintained in a tick-rodent cycle with humans being involved only as incidental dead-end hosts. (who.int)
Prevalence1
- The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum infection in hunting dogs which live in geographic areas of central Italy where the infection had been previously detected in wild animals. (unipi.it)
Protein1
- The tick salivary protein sialostatin L2 inhibits caspase-1-mediated inflammation during Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection. (umaryland.edu)
Evidence1
- In early November, Memorial Blood Centers began an investigation to identify whether any of the 59 blood donors associated with the 34 RBC, 4 platelet, 14 FFP, and 7 cryoprecipitate units had evidence of A. phagocytophilum infection. (cdc.gov)
Molecular1
- Serological and molecular survey of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Italian hunting dogs. (unipi.it)
Canine1
- Kohn, B. Vorkommen von Anaplasma phagocytophilum bei Blutspenderhunden in canine blood donors in Berlin/Brandenburg (2006-2012): retrospektive Auswertung klinischer Daten und Bedeutung für die Transfusionsmedizin. (fu-berlin.de)
Blood3
- In November 2007, the Minnesota Department of Health was contacted about A. phagocytophilum infection in a hospitalized Minnesota resident who had recently undergone multiple blood transfusions. (cdc.gov)
- Whole blood specimens from November 3--5 were positive for A. phagocytophilum DNA by PCR assays conducted at the Mayo Medical Laboratory, Minnesota Department of Health, and CDC. (cdc.gov)
- In October 2008, a report was made of an apparent nosocomial infection with A phagocytophilum that was transmitted from blood donated by an infected woman who had spent time in Minnesota just prior to donating. (medscape.com)
Study1
- The first study on human seroprevalence against Anaplasma phagocytophilum for central Asia reported a seroprevalence of 2.3% in Selenge province, 5.6% in Bulgan province, 2.8% in Dornogov province and 3.0% in both Tov province and Ulaanbaatar. (who.int)
Group1
- The phylogenetic tree showed that the Anaplasma phagocytophilum clustered with the Russian group, most likely due to similar geographical locations. (who.int)