AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesTechnology, Industry, AgricultureInformation ScienceHealth Care
Anal CanalAnus NeoplasmsAnus DiseasesSemicircular CanalsManometryFecal IncontinenceEar CanalRectumSpinal CanalProctoscopyRoot Canal PreparationHemorrhoidsFissure in AnoMitomycinNitrergic NeuronsPressureRoot Canal IrrigantsDental Pulp CavityRoot Canal Filling MaterialsAPUD CellsColostomyUrogenital SystemPelvic FloorDefecationRectal ProlapseCarcinoma, Squamous CellConstipationImaging, Three-DimensionalTooth ApexParasympatholyticsVaginaCombined Modality TherapyFluorouracilMuscle ContractionReflexRadiotherapy DosageGutta-PerchaRectal NeoplasmsPapillomaviridaeDental InstrumentsCisplatinSodium HypochloriteTreatment OutcomeTooth RootPeriapical PeriodontitisCalcium HydroxideUltrasonographyPapillomavirus InfectionsCatheterization
Anal Canal
The terminal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, beginning from the ampulla of the RECTUM and ending at the anus.
Anus Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ANAL CANAL.
Anus Diseases
Semicircular Canals
Three long canals (anterior, posterior, and lateral) of the bony labyrinth. They are set at right angles to each other and are situated posterosuperior to the vestibule of the bony labyrinth (VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH). The semicircular canals have five openings into the vestibule with one shared by the anterior and the posterior canals. Within the canals are the SEMICIRCULAR DUCTS.
Manometry
Measurement of the pressure or tension of liquids or gases with a manometer.
Fecal Incontinence
Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters, with involuntary passage of feces and flatus.
Ear Canal
The narrow passage way that conducts the sound collected by the EAR AURICLE to the TYMPANIC MEMBRANE.
Rectum
The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL.
Spinal Canal
The cavity within the SPINAL COLUMN through which the SPINAL CORD passes.
Proctoscopy
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the rectum.
Root Canal Preparation
Preparatory activities in ROOT CANAL THERAPY by partial or complete extirpation of diseased pulp, cleaning and sterilization of the empty canal, enlarging and shaping the canal to receive the sealing material. The cavity may be prepared by mechanical, sonic, chemical, or other means. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1700)
Hemorrhoids
Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.
Fissure in Ano
A painful linear ulcer at the margin of the anus. It appears as a crack or slit in the mucous membrane of the anus and is very painful and difficult to heal. (Dorland, 27th ed & Stedman, 25th ed)
Mitomycin
An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.
Nitrergic Neurons
Nerve cells where transmission is mediated by NITRIC OXIDE.
Pressure
A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Root Canal Irrigants
Chemicals used mainly to disinfect root canals after pulpectomy and before obturation. The major ones are camphorated monochlorophenol, EDTA, formocresol, hydrogen peroxide, metacresylacetate, and sodium hypochlorite. Root canal irrigants include also rinsing solutions of distilled water, sodium chloride, etc.
Dental Pulp Cavity
The space in a tooth bounded by the dentin and containing the dental pulp. The portion of the cavity within the crown of the tooth is the pulp chamber; the portion within the root is the pulp canal or root canal.
Root Canal Filling Materials
Materials placed inside a root canal for the purpose of obturating or sealing it. The materials may be gutta-percha, silver cones, paste mixtures, or other substances. (Dorland, 28th ed, p631 & Boucher's Clinical Dental Terminology, 4th ed, p187)
APUD Cells
Cells with the capacity to take up and decarboxylate the amine precursors DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE or 5-HYDROXYTRYPTOPHAN. This is a property of endocrine cells of neural and non-neural origin. APUDOMA is a general term collectively applied to tumors associated with APUD cells.
Colostomy
The surgical construction of an opening between the colon and the surface of the body.
Urogenital System
All the organs involved in reproduction and the formation and release of URINE. It includes the kidneys, ureters, BLADDER; URETHRA, and the organs of reproduction - ovaries, UTERUS; FALLOPIAN TUBES; VAGINA; and CLITORIS in women and the testes; SEMINAL VESICLES; PROSTATE; seminal ducts; and PENIS in men.
Pelvic Floor
Soft tissue formed mainly by the pelvic diaphragm, which is composed of the two levator ani and two coccygeus muscles. The pelvic diaphragm lies just below the pelvic aperture (outlet) and separates the pelvic cavity from the PERINEUM. It extends between the PUBIC BONE anteriorly and the COCCYX posteriorly.
Defecation
The normal process of elimination of fecal material from the RECTUM.
Rectal Prolapse
Protrusion of the rectal mucous membrane through the anus. There are various degrees: incomplete with no displacement of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with displacement of the anal sphincter muscle; complete with no displacement of the anal sphincter muscle but with herniation of the bowel; and internal complete with rectosigmoid or upper rectum intussusception into the lower rectum.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Constipation
Infrequent or difficult evacuation of FECES. These symptoms are associated with a variety of causes, including low DIETARY FIBER intake, emotional or nervous disturbances, systemic and structural disorders, drug-induced aggravation, and infections.
Imaging, Three-Dimensional
The process of generating three-dimensional images by electronic, photographic, or other methods. For example, three-dimensional images can be generated by assembling multiple tomographic images with the aid of a computer, while photographic 3-D images (HOLOGRAPHY) can be made by exposing film to the interference pattern created when two laser light sources shine on an object.
Tooth Apex
The tip or terminal end of the root of a tooth. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p62)
Parasympatholytics
Agents that inhibit the actions of the parasympathetic nervous system. The major group of drugs used therapeutically for this purpose is the MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS.
Vagina
The genital canal in the female, extending from the UTERUS to the VULVA. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Combined Modality Therapy
The treatment of a disease or condition by several different means simultaneously or sequentially. Chemoimmunotherapy, RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY, chemoradiotherapy, cryochemotherapy, and SALVAGE THERAPY are seen most frequently, but their combinations with each other and surgery are also used.
Fluorouracil
A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.
Reflex
An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
Radiotherapy Dosage
The total amount of radiation absorbed by tissues as a result of radiotherapy.
Gutta-Percha
Coagulated exudate isolated from several species of the tropical tree Palaquium (Sapotaceae). It is the trans-isomer of natural rubber and is used as a filling and impression material in dentistry and orthopedics and as an insulator in electronics. It has also been used as a rubber substitute.
Rectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the RECTUM.
Papillomaviridae
A family of small, non-enveloped DNA viruses infecting birds and most mammals, especially humans. They are grouped into multiple genera, but the viruses are highly host-species specific and tissue-restricted. They are commonly divided into hundreds of papillomavirus "types", each with specific gene function and gene control regions, despite sequence homology. Human papillomaviruses are found in the genera ALPHAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; BETAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; GAMMAPAPILLOMAVIRUS; and MUPAPILLOMAVIRUS.
Dental Instruments
Hand-held tools or implements especially used by dental professionals for the performance of clinical tasks.
Cisplatin
An inorganic and water-soluble platinum complex. After undergoing hydrolysis, it reacts with DNA to produce both intra and interstrand crosslinks. These crosslinks appear to impair replication and transcription of DNA. The cytotoxicity of cisplatin correlates with cellular arrest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle.
Sodium Hypochlorite
It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Tooth Root
The part of a tooth from the neck to the apex, embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum. A root may be single or divided into several branches, usually identified by their relative position, e.g., lingual root or buccal root. Single-rooted teeth include mandibular first and second premolars and the maxillary second premolar teeth. The maxillary first premolar has two roots in most cases. Maxillary molars have three roots. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p690)
Periapical Periodontitis
Inflammation of the PERIAPICAL TISSUE. It includes general, unspecified, or acute nonsuppurative inflammation. Chronic nonsuppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA. Suppurative inflammation is PERIAPICAL ABSCESS.
Calcium Hydroxide
A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.
Ultrasonography
The visualization of deep structures of the body by recording the reflections or echoes of ultrasonic pulses directed into the tissues. Use of ultrasound for imaging or diagnostic purposes employs frequencies ranging from 1.6 to 10 megahertz.
Papillomavirus Infections
Neoplasms of the skin and mucous membranes caused by papillomaviruses. They are usually benign but some have a high risk for malignant progression.
Catheterization
Use or insertion of a tubular device into a duct, blood vessel, hollow organ, or body cavity for injecting or withdrawing fluids for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. It differs from INTUBATION in that the tube here is used to restore or maintain patency in obstructions.

Effects of short term sacral nerve stimulation on anal and rectal function in patients with anal incontinence. (1/1075)

BACKGROUND: Some patients with faecal incontinence are not amenable to simple surgical sphincter repair, due to sphincter weakness in the absence of a structural defect. AIMS: To evaluate the efficacy and possible mode of action of short term stimulation of sacral nerves in patients with faecal incontinence and a structurally intact external anal sphincter. PATIENTS: Twelve patients with faecal incontinence for solid or liquid stool at least once per week. METHODS: A stimulating electrode was placed (percutaneously in 10 patients, operatively in two) into the S3 or S4 foramen. The electrode was left in situ for a minimum of one week with chronic stimulation. RESULTS: Evaluable results were obtained in nine patients, with early electrode displacement in the other three. Incontinence ceased in seven of nine patients and improved notably in one; one patient with previous imperforate anus and sacral agenesis had no symptomatic response. Stimulation seemed to enhance maximum squeeze pressure but did not alter resting pressure. The rectum became less sensitive to distension with no change in rectal compliance. Ambulatory studies showed a possible reduction in rectal contractile activity and diminished episodes of spontaneous anal relaxation. CONCLUSIONS: Short term sacral nerve stimulation notably decreases episodes of faecal incontinence. The effect may be mediated via facilitation of striated sphincter muscle function, and via neuromodulation of sacral reflexes which regulate rectal sensitivity and contractility, and anal motility.  (+info)

Risk factors for abnormal anal cytology in young heterosexual women. (2/1075)

Although anal cancers are up to four times more common in women than men, little is known about the natural history of anal human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and HPV-related anal lesions in women. This study reports on the prevalence of and risks for anal cytological abnormalities over a 1-year period in a cohort of young women participating in a study of the natural history of cervical HPV infection. In addition to their regularly scheduled sexual behavior interviews and cervical testing, consenting women received anal HPV DNA and cytological testing. Anal cytology smears were obtained from 410 women whose mean age was 22.5 +/- 2.5 years at the onset of the study. Sixteen women (3.9%) were found to have abnormal anal cytology: 4 women had low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs) or condyloma; and 12 women had atypical cells of undetermined significance. Factors found to be significantly associated with abnormal anal cytology were a history of anal sex [odds ratio (OR), 6.90; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.7-47.2], a history of cervical SILs (OR, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.3-14.9), and a current anal HPV infection (OR, 12.28; 95% CI, 3.9-43.5). The strong association between anal intercourse and the development of HPV-induced SILs supports the role of sexual transmission of HPV in anal SILs. Young women who had engaged in anal intercourse or had a history of cervical SILs were found to be at highest risk.  (+info)

Faecal composition after surgery for Hirschsprung's disease. (3/1075)

Diarrhoea and perianal excoriation occur frequently after the endorectal pull-through operation for Hirschsprung's disease. A new method of faecal analysis was performed on 3-day stool collections in 17 postoperative Hirschsprung patients and in 14 normal children, in order to define the faecal abnormality and to establish the cause of perianal excoriation in these patients. Loose stools in postoperative patients were deficient in dry solid content and contained an excess of extractable faecal water. This also had a raised electrolyte concentration, particularly with respect to sodium. Total daily output of faecal water was normal. Formed stools from postoperative patients were also deficient in drysolids but had a normal extractable water content. Excess extractable faecal water, the main abnormality of loose stools in these patients, is the result of abnormal water absorption from the distal colon. Perianal excoriation in these patients is most closely associated with the concentration of sodium in faecal water.  (+info)

Investigation and management of long-standing chronic constipation in childhood. (4/1075)

The anorectal physiology of 106 children with long-standing chronic constipation, who had failed to response to a trial of medical treatment, was assessed. 10 (9%) were shown to have ultrashort-segment Hischsprung's disease, later confirmed on histology, The remainder showed evidence of hypertrophy of the internal sphicter on anorectal manometry and had a vigorous anal dilatation (to accept 4 fingers) under general anesthesia. After this, 38% were able to be weaned off all medication and most of the remainder improved. Further anal dilatation and internal sphincterotomy allowed a further 10 children to stop laxative, bringing the total to 48%.  (+info)

Perception of and adaptation to rectal isobaric distension in patients with faecal incontinence. (5/1075)

BACKGROUND: Perception of, and adaptation of the rectum to, distension probably play an important role in the maintenance of continence, but perception studies in faecal incontinence provide controversial conclusions possibly related to methodological biases. In order to better understand perception disorders, the aim of this study was to analyse anorectal adaptation to rectal isobaric distension in subjects with incontinence. PATIENTS/METHODS: Between June 95 and December 97, 97 consecutive patients (nine men and 88 women, mean (SEM) age 55 (1) years) suffering from incontinence were evaluated and compared with 15 healthy volunteers (four men and 11 women, mean age 48 (3) years). The patients were classified into three groups according to their perception status to rectal isobaric distensions (impaired, 22; normal, 61; enhanced, 14). Anal and rectal adaptations to increasing rectal pressure were analysed using a model of rectal isobaric distension. RESULTS: The four groups did not differ with respect to age, parity, or sex ratio. Magnitude of incontinence, prevalence of pelvic disorders, and sphincter defects were similar in the incontinent groups. When compared with healthy controls, anal pressure and rectal adaptation to distension were decreased in incontinent patients. When compared with incontinent patients with normal perception, patients with enhanced perception experienced similar rectal adaptation but had reduced anal pressure. In contrast, patients with impaired perception showed considerably decreased rectal adaptation but had similar anal pressure. CONCLUSION: Abnormal sensations during rectal distension are observed in one third of subjects suffering from incontinence. These abnormalities may reflect hyperreactivity or neuropathological damage of the rectal wall.  (+info)

Anal ultrasound predicts the response to nonoperative treatment of fecal incontinence in men. (6/1075)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the etiology, treatment, and utility of anal ultrasound in men with fecal incontinence and to review the outcomes of conservative (nonoperative) treatment. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The etiology of fecal incontinence in women is almost exclusively from obstetric or iatrogenic surgical injuries resulting in damage to the anal sphincters and/or pudendal nerves. Corresponding data on men with fecal incontinence are sparse. METHODS: Between January 1995 and January 1998, 37 men with fecal incontinence were evaluated in the John Radcliffe Hospital anorectal ultrasound unit. Their clinical histories, anal ultrasound results, anorectal physiology studies, and responses to conservative therapy were reviewed. RESULTS: Median age was 57 years. Major incontinence was present in 27% of the patients. Anal ultrasound localized anal sphincter damage in nine patients, and the characteristics of these nine patients with sphincter damage were then compared with the remaining 28 without sphincter damage. Prior anal surgery was more common in patients with sphincter damage. Hemorrhoids were more common in patients without sphincter damage. Anorectal physiology studies revealed significantly lower mean maximum resting and squeeze pressures in patients with sphincter damage, confirming poor sphincter function. With 92% follow-up, patients without sphincter damage were more likely to improve with nonoperative therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Anal ultrasound is extremely useful in the evaluation of fecal incontinence in men. Unlike women, the majority of men do not have a sphincter defect by anal ultrasound, and conservative management is usually successful in these patients. In contrast, in men with anal sphincter damage, almost all of these defects resulted from previous anal surgery. Conservative management rarely is successful in these cases, and surgical repair of the anal sphincter may be indicated. Therefore, because the presence or absence of sphincter damage on anal ultrasound usually predicts the response to nonoperative treatment, anal ultrasound should be used to guide the initial management of men with fecal incontinence.  (+info)

A bile acid-induced apoptosis assay for colon cancer risk and associated quality control studies. (7/1075)

Bile acids are important in the etiology of colorectal cancer. Bile acids induce apoptosis in colonic goblet cells at concentrations comparable to those found in fecal water after high-fat meals. Preliminary evidence indicated that cells of the normal-appearing (nontumorous) portion of the colon epithelium of colon cancer patients are more resistant to bile salt-induced apoptosis than are cells from normal individuals. In the present study, 68 patients were examined, and biopsies were taken at 20 cm from the anal verge, cecum, and descending colon. The patients included 17 individuals with a history of colorectal cancer, 37 individuals with adenomas, and 14 individuals who were neoplasia free. The mean bile salt-induced apoptotic index among normal individuals was 57.6 +/- 3.47 (SE), which differed significantly (P < 0.05) from the mean value of 36.41 +/- 3.12 in individuals with a history of colon cancer. The correlation between independent observers was 0.89 (P < 0.001), indicating good interobserver reliability. Components of variance comparing interindividual versus intraindividual sources of variation suggested that site-to-site variability, both between regions of the colon and for adjacent biopsies, was larger than the interpatient variability for individuals with a history of neoplasia. Therefore, there was "patchiness" of the susceptibility of regions of the colon to bile acid-induced apoptosis in individuals with a history of neoplasia (a patchy field effect). There was no obvious correlation of low-apoptotic index regions with regions in which previous neoplasias had been found and removed. On the other hand, for normal, i.e., neoplasia-free, individuals, there was relatively less intraindividual variation compared to interindividual variation. Our assay shows an association between resistance to bile acid-induced apoptosis, measured at 20 cm from the anal verge, and colon cancer risk. Thus, this assay may prove useful as a biomarker of colon cancer risk.  (+info)

Topographical and electrophysiological characteristics of highly excitable S neurones in the myenteric plexus of the guinea-pig ileum. (8/1075)

1. Most intracellular electrical recordings from myenteric neurones have been made from the centre of large ganglia. In this study, we examined the electrophysiological properties of neurones at the corners of large ganglia close to internodal strands and in microganglia. 2. Of 150 neurones in these locations: 111 were tonic S neurones; 9 were phasic S neurones and 30 were AH neurones. 3. Tonic S neurones were characterized by: (i) low resting membrane potentials (-50 +/- 1 mV, mean +/- s.e.m.); (ii) high input impedance (522 +/- 23 MOmega); (iii) low threshold for action potential (AP) generation (0.012 +/- 0.004 nA); (iv) firing of APs throughout a depolarizing pulse (duration <= 1 s) and one to four APs following a hyperpolarizing pulse and (v) spontaneous fast excitatory postsynaptic potentials (FEPSPs). A substantial proportion of tonic S neurones (43 %) also fired APs spontaneously (7.6 +/- 0.6 Hz; range, 0.3-19 Hz). All APs were blocked by tetrodotoxin (1 microM). 4. Tonic S neurones were subclassified, according to their post-stimulus responses, as SAH or SAD neurones. Following a burst of APs, SAH neurones exhibited a prominent after-hyperpolarization (duration, 711 +/- 10 ms) and SAD neurones an after-depolarization (duration, 170 +/- 10 ms). The after-hyperpolarization was reduced in four of ten neurones by apamin (0.3 microM). 5. FEPSPs were evoked in 20 of 38 S neurones by electrical stimulation applied both oral and anal to the recording site. Repetitive stimuli evoked slow excitatory postsynaptic potentials (SEPSPs) in some tonic S neurones. 6. Three functional classes of S neurones were identified after injection of neurobiotin through the recording microelectrode: (i) longitudinal muscle motor neurones, (ii) short circular muscle motor neurones, and (iii) ascending interneurones. 7. In conclusion, there appears to be topographical organization of highly excitable, tonic S neurones within the myenteric plexus, since, in contrast to other S neurones, they can be readily impaled in myenteric ganglia close to internodal strands and in microganglia.  (+info)

Anal Sphincter Muscles Diagram - Big Natural Porn Star
A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and which relaxes as required by normal physiological Anal sphincter repair is an operation performed on the back passage to repair the gap in the damaged anal sphincter muscle. The external anal sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle, is under voluntary control, (but not under anesthesia when the muscles relax). Sphincter muscle, any of the ringlike muscles surrounding and able to contract or close a bodily passage or opening. One of the most important human sphincter muscles The thickness of the anal sphincter muscles and the length of Normal Anal Sphincter Anatomy and Age- and Sex-related Variations at High-Spatial-Resolution ...
http://www.stjosephhsspavaratty.com/anal-sphincter-muscles-diagram/
Management of obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review & national practice survey | BMC Health Services Research |...Management of obstetric anal sphincter injury: a systematic review & national practice survey | BMC Health Services Research |...
We aim to establish the evidence base for the recognition and management of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) and to compare this with current practice amongst UK obstetricians and coloproctologists. A systematic review of the literature and a postal questionnaire survey of consultant obstetricians, trainee obstetricians and consultant coloproctologists was carried out. We found a wide variation in experience of repairing acute anal sphincter injury. The group with largest experience were consultant obstetricians (46.5% undertaking ≥ 5 repairs/year), whilst only 10% of responding colorectal surgeons had similar levels of experience (p | 0.001). There was extensive misunderstanding in terms of the definition of obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Overall, trainees had a greater knowledge of the correct classification (p | 0.01). Observational studies suggest that a new overlap repair using PDS sutures with antibiotic cover gives better functional results. However, our literature search found only
https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6963-2-9/email/correspondent/c1/new
Treatment of Fecal Incontinence After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govTreatment of Fecal Incontinence After Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) is the most common cause of fecal incontinence (FI) in women. Obstetric-related FI may occur early after childbirth. Previous obstetric injury is also a major cause of FI in older women, and risk of FI increases with time and further childbirths. FI is involuntary loss of solid or liquid stool. Symptoms range from fecal urgency, soiling, to daily passive or urge fecal incontinence. FI is a stigmatizing condition. It can have a distressing impact and restriction on quality of life, including isolation and depression.. Tears during delivery is classified (Sultan) as first degree tears including vaginal epithelium, second degree tears into the perineal muscle, third degree involving the anal sphincter complex and fourth degree including sphincter complex and anorectal epithelium. OASIS includes third and fourth degrees tears.. First line of therapy of FI is conservative treatment including drug therapy and biofeedback. If conservative treatment fails, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01528995?recr=Open&cond=%22Feces%22&rank=10
Anorectal Manometry - Center for Advanced GIAnorectal Manometry - Center for Advanced GI
The anal and rectal area contains specialized muscles that are helpful to regulate proper passage of bowel movements.. Normally, when stool enters the rectum, the anal sphincter muscle tightens to prevent passage of stool at an inconvenient time. If this muscle is weak or does not contract in a timely way, incontinence (leakage of stool) may occur.. Normally, when a person pushes or bears down to have a bowel movement, the anal sphincter muscles relax. This will cause the pressures to decrease allowing evacuation of stool. If the sphincter muscles tighten when pushing, this could contribute to constipation. Anal manometry measures how strong the sphincter muscles are and whether they relax as they should during passing a stool. It provides helpful information to the doctor in treating patients with fecal incontinence or severe constipation.. There are many causes of fecal incontinence. Weak anal sphincter muscles or poor sensation in the rectum can contribute to fecal incontinence. If these ...
http://centerforadvancedgi.net/anorectal-manometry/
Simplified Evaluation of the Paradoxical Puborectalis Contraction With Surface ElectrodesSimplified Evaluation of the Paradoxical Puborectalis Contraction With Surface Electrodes
PURPOSE:. Paradoxical puborectalis contraction during defecation is one possible explanation for constipation. The degree of paradoxical contraction can be evaluated by intramuscular electromyography from the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles. This study aimed to determine whether a noninvasive technique with surface electrodes placed over the subcutaneous part of the external anal sphincter is feasible in the evaluation of paradoxical activity.. METHODS:. Twenty-five patients with constipation were studied. Sphincter muscle activity during strain and squeeze maneuvers was recorded using surface electrodes placed 1 cm from the anal verge. In addition, intramuscular recordings were made simultaneously from the external anal sphincter and puborectalis muscles. The degree of paradoxical activation was calculated as a strain/squeeze index. The patients were examined either in the left lateral position or sitting on a commode.. RESULTS:. The study revealed significant (P , .01) ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?faces-redirect=true&language=no&searchType=SIMPLE&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&pid=diva2%3A376857&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Loop Analysis of the Anal Sphincter Complex in Fecal Incontinent Patients using Functional Luminal Imaging Probe.Loop Analysis of the Anal Sphincter Complex in Fecal Incontinent Patients using Functional Luminal Imaging Probe.
Loop Analysis of the Anal Sphincter Complex in Fecal Incontinent Patients using Functional Luminal Imaging Probe. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2019 Nov 18;: Authors: Zifan A, Mittal RK, Kunkel DC, Swartz J, Barr G, Tuttle LJ Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cardiac loops have been used extensively to study myocardial function. With changes in cardiac pump function, l...
https://medworm.com/744519943/loop-analysis-of-the-anal-sphincter-complex-in-fecal-incontinent-patients-using-functional-luminal-i/
Internal anal sphincter - WikipediaInternal anal sphincter - Wikipedia
The internal anal sphincter, IAS, (or sphincter ani internus) is a muscular ring that surrounds about 2.5-4.0 cm of the anal canal; its inferior border is in contact with, but quite separate from, the external anal sphincter. It is about 5 mm thick, and is formed by an aggregation of the involuntary circular fibers of the rectum. Its lower border is about 6 mm from the orifice of the anus. Its action is entirely involuntary, and it is in a state of continuous maximal contraction. It helps the Sphincter ani externus to occlude the anal aperture and aids in the expulsion of the feces. Sympathetic fibers from the superior rectal and hypogastric plexuses stimulate and maintain internal anal sphincter contraction. Its contraction is inhibited by parasympathetic fiber stimulation. This sphincter is tonically contracted most of the time to prevent leakage of fluid or gas, but is relaxed upon distention of the rectal ampulla, requiring voluntary contraction of the puborectalis and external anal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_anal_sphincter
Cesarean Sections and Anal Sphincter InjuriesOccurrence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries found by 3D EAUS among primiparas...Cesarean Sections and Anal Sphincter InjuriesOccurrence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries found by 3D EAUS among primiparas...
Volume measurements of the anal sphincter complex in healthy controls and fecal-incontinent patients with a three-dimensional...
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine sphincter volume, length, and external anal sphincter thickness in healthy controls and fecal incontinent patients by use of a three-dimensional reconstruction of endoanal ultrasonography images. MET
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Volume-measurements-anal-sphincter-complex/15747081.html
Paradoxical sphincter contraction is rarely indicative of anismus | GutParadoxical sphincter contraction is rarely indicative of anismus | Gut
Anismus or spastic pelvic floor syndrome is thought to be one cause of severe constipation.2 7 Its pathophysiological basis is PSC during straining. However, there is no single test by which the diagnosis can be confirmed so it is possible that it is a laboratory artefact. None the less, operations to solve the problem by posterior division of the puborectalis muscle have been performed.8 During the past few years functional outlet obstruction has been widely acknowledged as a cause of chronic constipation. In organic diseases such as tumour stenosis, outlet obstruction is continuously maintained by a rectal tumour mass. On the other hand, in functional forms of outlet obstruction the physiology is normal when the patient does not defaecate and becomes pathological only during defaecation. Paradoxical sphincter contraction during straining has been claimed as one of the main causes of functional outlet obstruction.9 The concept of PSC as a specific finding in constipated patients has been ...
http://gut.bmj.com/content/41/2/258
RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Clinical outcome of anterior overlapping external anal sphincter repair with internal...RePub, Erasmus University Repository: Clinical outcome of anterior overlapping external anal sphincter repair with internal...
Fecal incontinence caused by overt anterior sphincter defects sustained during childbirth is usually treated by a delayed overlapping repair of the external anal sphincter. However, an obstetric trauma is frequently associated with disruption of the perineal body and loss of the distal rectovaginal septum. Data regarding a combined repair, consisting of restoration of the rectovaginal septum and perineal body, overlapping external anal sphincter repair, and imbrication of the internal anal sphincter, are scanty. PURPOSE: This prospective study was aimed at the following: 1) evaluating the clinical outcome of such an anterior anal repair in patients with fecal incontinence caused by obstetric trauma; 2) comparing the functional results with those obtained in a historical group of patients who underwent a conventional direct sphincter repair. METHODS: During the period between 1973 and 1989, 24 female patients (median age, 44 (range, 28- 67) years) with fecal incontinence underwent direct ...
https://repub.eur.nl/pub/69417
General Health | Health Blog - Part 10
Nitroglycerine (glyceryl trinitrate) is used for treatment of anal fissure, as it has muscle relaxant property. Spasm of internal anal sphincter muscles, which reduce blood flow to the internal anal sphincter muscles possibly play an important role in causation of anal fissure as well in healing of anal fissures and ...
http://healthyone.org/category/general-health/page/10/
Bloating Worsens Constipation - ColoZone Plus, Spirulina, Organic Psyllium HuskBloating Worsens Constipation - ColoZone Plus, Spirulina, Organic Psyllium Husk
Bloating Worsens Constipation. One condition that can trigger your internal anal sphincter muscle to tighten up is a big accumulation of gas (flatulence) in your colon. If you have so much gas that your abdominal area is puffed up, then the pressure from that quantity of gas in the colon triggers the internal anal sphincter muscle to tighten up and close.. In this case, you have to very first eliminate the pressure by getting a few of the gas out, prior to you attempt to have a defecation. The very best method to do this is by lying flat on your bed, doing some colonic massage, then lying flat once again and simply permitting your body to entirely unwind and release. Sleep, or check out a book, however rest totally flat in whatever position is comfy for you (in your corner, your stomach, etc) and enable the gas to come out, as your body is all set to launch it.. ColoZone Plus works to help with bowel regularity and constipation, colon cleanse, reduce stomach acid and also acts as a magnesium ...
https://www.colozoneplus.com.au/bloating-worsens-constipation/
Robotic versus laparoscopic coloanal anastomosis with or without intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Robotic versus laparoscopic coloanal anastomosis with or without intersphincteric resection for rectal cancer. AU - Baek, Se-Jin. AU - AL-Asari, Sami. AU - Jeong, Duck Hyoun. AU - Hur, Hyuk. AU - Min, Byung Soh. AU - Baik, Seung Hyuk. AU - Kim, Nam Kyu. PY - 2013/1/1. Y1 - 2013/1/1. N2 - Robotic surgery is increasingly used in the field of rectal cancer surgery. This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes between robotic and laparoscopic ultralow anterior resection (uLAR) and coloanal anastomosis (CAA). Between January 2007 and December 2010, a retrospective chart review was performed for all patients with low rectal cancer who underwent curative uLAR and CAA with or without intersphincteric resection using either a robotic or a laparoscopic approach. The study excluded patients with tumors invading the levator ani or external sphincter, patients with T4 cancers invading the prostate or vagina, and patients for whom an open approach was used. Patients short- ...
https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/robotic-versus-laparoscopic-coloanal-anastomosis-with-or-without-
PRIME PubMed | What is the optimum methodology for the clinical measurement of resting anal sphincter pressure?PRIME PubMed | What is the optimum methodology for the clinical measurement of resting anal sphincter pressure?
PubMed journal article: What is the optimum methodology for the clinical measurement of resting anal sphincter pressure?. Download Prime PubMed App to iPhone, iPad, or Android
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16078949/What_is_the_optimum_methodology_for_the_clinical_measurement_of_resting_anal_sphincter_pressure
Disorders of the Large IntestineDisorders of the Large Intestine
The primary functions of the rectum and pelvic floor muscles are to prevent incontinence (loss of control) or accidental leakage and to allow defecation to occur.. The rectum is very elastic, which allows it to store food residues prior to a bowel movement. But it must also be stiff enough to funnel food residues toward the anus during a bowel movement.. The pelvic floor, located below the rectum, is made up of many different muscles including the puborectalis muscle and the external and internal anal sphincter muscles.. The rectum is surrounded by sensory nerves that detect the filling of the rectum with food residues. This sensation of rectal filling enables us to consciously or unconsciously squeeze the external anal sphincter to prevent incontinence until we can reach a toilet. These sensory nerves are also involved in reflexes that let the sphincter muscles relax during a bowel movement.. Bowel incontinence or accidental leakage ...
https://www.aboutgimotility.org/learn-about-gi-motility/disorders-of-the-pelvic-floor.html
Bowel Disorders Board Index: rebuilding anal sphincter muscle from leg muscleBowel Disorders Board Index: rebuilding anal sphincter muscle from leg muscle
Health related message boards offering discussions of numerous health topics including allergies, cancer, diabetes, heart disease, exercise, attention deficit disorder, diet, and nutrition.
http://index.healthboards.com/boweldisorders/660903/bowel-movement-stuck-in-rectum/
Perineal body length as a risk factor for ultrasound-diagnosed anal sphincter tear at first delivery<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Perineal body length as a risk factor for ultrasound-diagnosed anal sphincter tear at first delivery. AU - Geller, E. J.. AU - Robinson, B. L.. AU - Matthews, C. A.. AU - Celauro, K. P.. AU - Dunivan, G. C.. AU - Crane, A. K.. AU - Ivins, A. R.. AU - Woodham, P. C.. AU - Fielding, J. R.. PY - 2014/5. Y1 - 2014/5. N2 - Introduction and hypothesis: Shortened perineal body (PB) is associated with an increased risk of ultrasound-detected obstetric anal sphincter tear. The objective was to determine if shortened perineal body length (,3 cm) is a risk factor for ultrasound-detected anal sphincter tear at first delivery. Methods: Pregnant nulliparous women were recruited over 18 months. At 35-37 weeks gestation and 6 weeks postpartum perineal body length (PB) was measured and subjects completed quality of life questionnaires. Primary outcome was ultrasound-diagnosed anal sphincter tear at 6 weeks post-partum. Secondary outcomes were also assessed. A priori power analysis determined ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/perineal-body-length-as-a-risk-factor-for-ultrasound-diagnosed-an
Modulation of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR): qualitative and quantitative evaluation in multiple sclerosis |...Modulation of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR): qualitative and quantitative evaluation in multiple sclerosis |...
Rectoanal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) is a physiological modulated reflex involved in anorectal continence and defined by a relaxation of internal anal sphincter following rectal distension. Its existenc
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00384-010-1109-0
Short-term results of down-to-up TME by TAMIS following trans-anal intersphincteric dissection for very low rectal cancer -...Short-term results of down-to-up TME by TAMIS following trans-anal intersphincteric dissection for very low rectal cancer -...
Masaaki Ito, Yuji Nishizawa, Takeshi Sasaki, Akihiro Kobayashi. National Cancer Center Hospital East. Objective: The aim of this study was to clarify the short-term results and surgical tips of down-to-up TME by TAMIS following trans-anal intersphincteric dissection (ISD+TAMIS-TME) for very low rectal cancer near the anus.. Methods: We experienced this procedure in thirty-one C-Stage lower rectal cancers locating within 5cm from the anal verge. In the first step of this procedure, transanal intersphincteric dissection was performed from 2cm distal side of the tumor till the level that the puborectal muscle was fully exposed and then placed Gelpoint path in the anal canal. Distal stump was closed to prevent cancer cell dissemination and irrigate the anal canal. Down-to-up TME was performed under pneumoperitoneum using conventional laparoscopic devices till the level of the peritoneal reflux. Next, we moved to the abdominal side and did conventional laparoscopic procedures to make resection of the ...
https://www.sages.org/meetings/annual-meeting/abstracts-archive/short-term-results-of-down-to-up-tme-by-tamis-following-trans-anal-intersphincteric-dissection-for-very-low-rectal-cancer/
External anal sphincter Pictures
Click here for External anal sphincter pictures! You can also find pictures of Fertilization of ovum, Fallopian tubes, Facial vein.
http://www.picsearch.com/External-anal-sphincter-pictures.html
Multicentre study of robotic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Multicentre study of robotic intersphincteric resection for low rectal cancer. AU - Park, J. S.. AU - Kim, N. K.. AU - Kim, Seon Hahn. AU - Lee, K. Y.. AU - Lee, K. Y.. AU - Shin, J. Y.. AU - Kim, C. N.. AU - Choi, G. S.. PY - 2015/1/1. Y1 - 2015/1/1. N2 - Background There is a lack of information regarding the oncological safety of robotic intersphincteric resection (ISR) with coloanal anastomosis. The objective of this study was to compare the long-term feasibility of robotic compared with laparoscopic ISR. Methods Between January 2008 and May 2011, consecutive patients who underwent robotic or laparoscopic ISR with coloanal anastomosis from seven institutions were included. Propensity score analyses were performed to compare outcomes for groups in a 1 : 1 case-matched cohort. The primary endpoint was 3-year disease-free survival. Results A total of 334 patients underwent ISR with coloanal anastomosis, of whom 212 matched patients (106 in each group) formed the cohort for ...
https://koreauniv.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/multicentre-study-of-robotic-intersphincteric-resection-for-low-r
MASIC Foundation - helping mothers suffering from anal sphincter injuries in childbirth - McSweeney Solicitors | Medical...MASIC Foundation - helping mothers suffering from anal sphincter injuries in childbirth - McSweeney Solicitors | Medical...
Education Event Dublin 2nd July 2019. The MASIC Foundation was set up in the UK in 2017 to assist mothers suffering from anal sphincter injuries in childbirth. Thankfully, most births are straightforward. When a mother delivers a baby through the birth canal they may suffer from some form of anal incontinence due to serious tears.. The Foundation aims to help mothers who often suffer in silence due to embarrassment and social stigma associated with their symptoms, unaware that there are any other mothers going through what they are experiencing.. In 2019, the MASIC Foundation held an education event in Dublin. The Womens Medical Negligence department at James McSweeney Solicitors were delighted to be invited to this event and we were able to extend the invitation to a number of women whom we represent.. We had the pleasure of listening to colorectal surgeons, physiotherapists, nurses and psychologists providing information to women. Mothers in attendance heard that over 10% of women having a ...
https://mcsweeney.ie/masic-foundation-helping-mothers-suffering-from-anal-sphincter-injuries-in-childbirth/
Evaluation of the paradoxical sphincter contraction by a strain/squeeze index in constipated patients.Evaluation of the paradoxical sphincter contraction by a strain/squeeze index in constipated patients.
Adult, Aged, Aged; 80 and over, Anal Canal/*physiopathology, Constipation/*physiopathology, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle Contraction/*physiology, Muscle Relaxation/*physiology ...
http://uu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A102902&c=16&searchType=SIMPLE&language=en&query=&af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22personId%22%3A%22urbakarl%22%7D%5D%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&noOfRows=50&sortOrder=author_sort_asc&sortOrder2=title_sort_asc&onlyFullText=false&sf=all
Anal Canal Duplication Associated with Presacral Cyst in an Adult - Journal of the Anus, Rectum and ColonAnal Canal Duplication Associated with Presacral Cyst in an Adult - Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon
Abstract:. Anal canal duplication (ACD) is a rare congenital malformation, usually detected early in life. We report a case of a 67-year-old female with symptomatic ACD associated with a presacral cyst. Physical examination revealed an accessory opening located in the midline, posterior to the true anus. Imaging examinations, including fistulography, endoanal ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging, revealed a blind-ending fistulous tract without connecting with the rectum and a presacral cyst posterior to the rectum. Complete surgical excision of the tract with cyst was performed through a posterior sagittal approach. Histologic examination revealed squamous epithelium lining and smooth muscle bundles, thereby confirming ACD. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was doing well; no recurrence was observed 4 years after surgery. ACD can present for the first time in infants, children, and adults. Imaging examinations are useful for the diagnosis and preoperative ...
https://journal-arc.jp/paper/002010031-2/
Hydrogen peroxide-enhanced three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography and endoanal magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating...Hydrogen peroxide-enhanced three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography and endoanal magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating...
3D HPUS and endoanal MRI are equally adequate for the evaluation of perianal fistulas. Both methods are associated with similar discomfort and patients have no preference for either procedure.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15618839/?dopt=Abstract
Position at birth as an important factor for the occurrence of anal sphincter tears: A retrospective cohort study - Zurich...Position at birth as an important factor for the occurrence of anal sphincter tears: A retrospective cohort study - Zurich...
Objective: This work aimed to analyze the association between maternal position at birth in spontaneous deliveries and the occurrence of anal sphincter tears (AST) given the lack of evidence related to the least traumatic birth position. Study design: A total of 7832 vaginal deliveries were included. Vaginal-operative deliveries and deliveries with fundal pressure were excluded. Birth positions on bed, in water, kneeling, and in a squatting position on a low stool were compared. Birth position on bed was considered as the reference group, and a logistic regression analysis adjusting for important fetomaternal parameters was performed. Results: The overall incidence of AST was 1.1%. AST rate was significantly increased in squatting (2.9%) and kneeling (2.1%) positions compared with birth position on bed (1.0%) or in water (0.9%). Logistic regression analysis revealed a significantly higher risk for ASTs in squatting (OR 2.92, CI 95% 1.04-8.18) and in kneeling positions (OR 2.14, CI 95% 1.05-4.37) ...
https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/99474/
Anal Fissure - Amrita ClinicAnal Fissure - Amrita Clinic
i. Externally applied nitroglycerin It is generally considered the medical treatment of choice when other conservative measures fail. To increase blood flow to the fissure and promote healing.. To help relax the anal sphincter.. Applied externally. ii. Topical anesthetic creams such as lidocaine hydrochloride.. iii. Botulinum toxin type A (Botox) injection, to paralyze the anal sphincter muscle and relax spasms.. iv. Blood pressure medications - can help relax the anal sphincter. oral nifedipine. diltiazem. ...
http://amritaclinics.com/anal-fissure/
Maternal Body Mass Index and Risk of Obstetric Anal Sphincter InjuryMaternal Body Mass Index and Risk of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injury
BioMed Research International is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies covering a wide range of subjects in life sciences and medicine. The journal is divided into 55 subject areas.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2014/395803/cta/
Perianal Crohns Disease/Cancer in Anal Canal | Cancer Survivors NetworkPerianal Crohns Disease/Cancer in Anal Canal | Cancer Survivors Network
Im trying to find information on a rare anal canal cancer. My husband is 57 and has had Perianal Crohns Disease since his early 20s. Has never allowed an illeostomy to be performed. A rare (from what his doctors tell us) cancer was found in his anal canal. The tumor itself is actually filled with a gelatinous material which is the cancer, when debulked prior to treatment, the tumor was flat. My husband refused surgery and recently finished chemo/radiation therapy. 6 weeks with the infusion pump (5-FU) and 6 weeks radiation. Just wondering if anyone has infomation on this type of adenocarcinoma they can share. Thanks! ...
https://csn.cancer.org/node/142937
ASCRS News | ASCRSASCRS News | ASCRS
Intersphincteric resection (ISR) is a surgical approach that allows resection of low lying rectal cancers that abut or invade the sphincter complex while avoiding the creation of a permanent stoma. While removing a portion of or the entire internal anal sphincter, the goal of therapy is complete extirpation of the cancer while preserving the external sphincter for anastomosis and preservation of continence through the anal canal. The critical considerations revolve around cancer outcomes (local and distant recurrence rates), as well as bowel function/continence. ...
https://www.fascrs.org/news/2017/07/06?page=3
ASCRS News | ASCRSASCRS News | ASCRS
Intersphincteric resection (ISR) is a surgical approach that allows resection of low lying rectal cancers that abut or invade the sphincter complex while avoiding the creation of a permanent stoma. While removing a portion of or the entire internal anal sphincter, the goal of therapy is complete extirpation of the cancer while preserving the external sphincter for anastomosis and preservation of continence through the anal canal. The critical considerations revolve around cancer outcomes (local and distant recurrence rates), as well as bowel function/continence. ...
https://www.fascrs.org/news/2015/01/25?page=3
Chronic effects of therapeutic irradiation for localized prostatic carcinoma on anorectal functionChronic effects of therapeutic irradiation for localized prostatic carcinoma on anorectal function
Anorectal symptoms following RTH for prostatic carcinoma are common and persist at least until 1 year after its completion and are associated with objective evidence of heightened rectal sensitivity.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10863060/?dopt=Abstract
Patient Resource Publishing : Advanced Colorectal Treatment ::.Patient Resource Publishing : Advanced Colorectal Treatment ::.
Surgery, also called surgical resection, involves removing the tumor during an operation. The surgeon removes the area of the colon or rectum containing the tumor as well as nearby tissues and lymph nodes. If possible, the surgeon will then reconnect the healthy sections of the colon or rectum in a process called anastomosis, keeping the bodys waste-removal system operational.. Sometimes the area of anastomosis needs to be bypassed to allow more time for healing and to reduce the risk of a stool leak. This is usually done in the treatment of rectal cancer, especially after being treated with radiation and/or if the connection (or anastomosis) is close to the anal sphincter muscles. In those cases, the surgeon will create an opening in the wall of the abdomen and attach either part of the colon or part of the small intestine to the opening. This procedure is called a colostomy (if the colon is used) or ileostomy (if the small bowel is used), and the opening is called a stoma. A pouch is then ...
http://www.patientresource.com/Advanced_Colorectal_Treatment.aspx
How can i make anal sex easier. Free anal sex movies com?How can i make anal sex easier. Free anal sex movies com?
If the make and started drugs skuterze kopniakiem. Butt plugs are a great way to explore anal sensations and anal play. My partner and I will soon have anal sex for the first time. I was wanting to make anal sex more pleasurable for my girlfriend so if any one has any. If he cums in your ass, that. The easy way to have painless anal sex. Anal sex is more pleasurable for a man than a woman. The anus has no natural lubricant, so make sure you apply enough for a comfortable experience. However, it doesn't exactly make it easy to have an extended conversation. There is always a risk of contracting HIV or any other STD when having sex or while engaging in risky sexual behaviors. Anal stretching can randomly tear anal sphincter muscle fibers as can aggressive anal sex, leading to variable degrees of incontinence. Before we look at the best anal sex positions, let's explore how to prepare properly for anal sex to make sure that you don't experience any. In order for you to enjoy it fully ...
http://alaurentoherself.com/69501-how-can-i-make-anal-sex-easier/
Download Anus: Surgical Treatment and Pathology by Richard Cohen, Alastair Windsor PDF - Fondly Iced Book Archive
Grade 3a involves less than 50 % and grade 3b involves greater than 50 % of the EAS. The injury causes J. Gosling and A. Emmanuel a tear in the anterior portion of the muscles which is typically repaired primarily using an end--to--end or overlapping technique. Persisting sphincter defects cause dysfunction due to the mechanical disadvantage of an absent continuous muscular ring. There is much interest into the pathophysiology of incontinence in patients without a structural defect of the external anal sphincter, previously termed idiopathic faecal incontinence. The ability of normal volunteers to retain a saline enema was not hindered; in fact it improved in two cases. Pathophysiology of Anorectal Sensation Baldi et al. and Kamm et al. have shown reduced rectal sensation as tested by balloon and electrical stimulation in some patients with idiopathic constipation [89, 90]. This suggests a sensory neuropathy. This could be within the intrinsic supply within the rectal wall or the extrinsic nerve ...
http://fondlyiced.co.uk/index.php/ebooks/anus-surgical-treatment-and-pathology
primary overlap versus end-to-end surgical repair of obstetric anal sphincter in | накладывание первичных швов; сшивание конец...primary overlap versus end-to-end surgical repair of obstetric anal sphincter in | накладывание первичных швов; сшивание конец...
(KudoZ) English to Russian translation of primary overlap versus end-to-end surgical repair of obstetric anal sphincter in: накладывание первичных швов; сшивание конец в конец [Surgery in Obstetrics - Medical (general) (Medical)].
https://www.proz.com/kudoz/english_to_russian/medical_general/2914405-primary_overlap_versus_end_to_end_surgical_repair_of_obstetric_anal_sphincter_in.html
Intimate Earth Daring Anal Relaxing Serum For Him - OhToyIntimate Earth Daring Anal Relaxing Serum For Him - OhToy
Go green with an all-natural anal relaxing spray! Make your sex life go green with this body-friendly anal relaxing spray made with organic extracts! Relaxes the sphincter for more comfortable anal penetration Anal relaxing spray made with USDA certified organic extracts Doesnt cause numbing like similar creams or sprays Takes effect in 3 to 10 minutes Spicy lemongrass scent Safe for use with condoms Balancing pleasure with responsibility, this body-friendly anal relaxing spray contains none of the strong chemicals found in similar adult products just organic ingredients that work even better! When youre ready to use it, hold the bottle a few inches from the anal area. Spray it once or twice lightly and let it rest. The spicy lemongrass scent fills the air, letting you know that the organic oils and extracts are working. The spray causes the anal sphincter muscles to relax, making penetration easier and much more comfortable. The anal relaxing spray takes effect 3 10 minutes after spraying for ...
https://www.ohtoy.com/ae/k537
March 2016 - Buy Poppers.usMarch 2016 - Buy Poppers.us
This drug acts by expanding or dilating the blood vessels of the body which allows for more blood to flow to the heart. These days, they are available in bottles and can be sniffed directly. Isobutyl nitrite gives people a head rush on inhaling and the effects of this drug last a couple of minutes. Many people have reported their orgasms to last for longer periods when they sniffed poppers during sex. Men have reported enhanced erections after sniffing isobutyl nitrite and this could be well due to the increased blood flow in the body. Sometimes this drug is also used to relax the anal sphincter muscle region of a person.. There are a few precautions although which need to be taken before you sniff isobutyl nitrite. The effects of isobutyl nitrite can increase drastically during or immediately after physical exercise such as jogging, dancing, swimming etc. These effects may sometimes give people a slight headache or make them feel sick or weak. All of these effects wear off within a few minutes ...
http://www.buypoppers.us/2016/03/
Effects of Alpha-1 Antagonist, Stress and Relaxation on Anorectal Functions - Mayo ClinicEffects of Alpha-1 Antagonist, Stress and Relaxation on Anorectal Functions - Mayo Clinic
During the early phases (phases 1 and 2), researchers assess safety, side effects, optimal dosages and risks/benefits. In the later phase (phase 3), researchers study whether the treatment works better than the current standard therapy. They also compare the safety of the new treatment with that of current treatments. Phase 3 trials include large numbers of people to make sure that the result is valid. There are also less common very early (phase 0) and later (phase 4) phases. Phase 0 trials are small trials that help researchers decide if a new agent should be tested in a phase 1 trial. Phase 4 trials look at long-term safety and effectiveness, after a new treatment has been approved and is on the market. ...
https://www.mayo.edu/research/clinical-trials/cls-20127217
Technique of Anal Sphincter Repair (Syn. Overlap Technique) | SpringerLinkTechnique of Anal Sphincter Repair (Syn. Overlap Technique) | SpringerLink
The commonest injury to the sphincter complex is obstetric [3]; by disruption at traumatic (forceps) delivery, tearing, or by misplaced episiotomy. If not recognised by the attending obstetrician and...
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4471-0935-8_8
Increased anal resting pressure and rectal sensitivity in Crohns disease.
PURPOSE: Anal pathology occurs in 20 to 80 percent of patients with Crohns disease in which abscesses, fistulas, and fissures account for considerable morbidity. The etiology is not clearly defined, but altered anorectal pressures may play a role. T
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Increased-anal-resting-pressure-rectal/14668596.html
Laparoscopic intersphincteric resection using needlescopic instruments - SAGES Abstract ArchivesLaparoscopic intersphincteric resection using needlescopic instruments - SAGES Abstract Archives
Under general anesthesia, the patient was placed in the lithotomy position. The port for the camera was created first at the umbilicus using the open method. Two 5-mm ports were inserted through the right upper and lower quadrants, and the upper port was placed where a diverting stoma would be created. Two needlescopic forceps (Endo-Relief™, Hope Denshi Co.,Chiba, Japan), with or without a trocar, were inserted into the left upper and lower quadrants. Thereafter, we performed the following procedures: ligation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and inferior mesenteric vein (IMV), dissection of the mesentery, total mesorectal excision with the preservation of the autonomic nerves, and dissection of the intersphincteric space. After transanal intersphincteric dissection, extraction of the specimens, and coloanal anastomosis, the ileostomy covering was created at the right upper port, and the abdominal drain was inserted into the right lower port.. (Results ...
https://www.sages.org/meetings/annual-meeting/abstracts-archive/laparoscopic-intersphincteric-resection-using-needlescopic-instruments/
Anal Cancer | The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 3e | AccessHemOnc | McGraw-Hill MedicalAnal Cancer | The MD Anderson Manual of Medical Oncology, 3e | AccessHemOnc | McGraw-Hill Medical
Carcinoma of the anal canal is a rare malignancy representing approximately 2.5% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. It is estimated in 2015 that over 7,200 patients will be diagnosed with carcinoma of the anal canal in the United States, resulting in greater than 1,000 deaths (1). The incidence of this disease continues to rise steadily. A practicing oncologist will evaluate and treat less than one such patient per year. The majority of anal carcinoma arises within the mucosa of the anus and is of squamous cell histology (2). Traditionally, 74% to 90% of carcinomas of the anal canal are cured with the combined modalities of chemoradiation, reserving an abdominoperineal resection (APR) for salvage therapy of persistent or recurrent disease (3). This chapter focuses on treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal and the potential innovative strategies that lie ahead. ...
http://hemonc.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1772§ionid=121899425
The Anal Canal - Structure - Arterial Supply - TeachMeAnatomyThe Anal Canal - Structure - Arterial Supply - TeachMeAnatomy
The anal canal is the final segment of the gastrointestinal tract, extending between the rectum and the anus. It has an important role in defecation and maintaining faecal continence.
http://teachmeanatomy.info/abdomen/gi-tract/anal-canal/
Anorectal Disorders | Tintinallis Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide | AccessEmergency Medicine | McGraw-Hill...Anorectal Disorders | Tintinallis Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide | AccessEmergency Medicine | McGraw-Hill...
The dentate line marks the junction of these two structures as the anal canal continues more distally joining the perianal skin at the anal verge (Figure 2). The anal canal mucosa consists of stratified squamous epithelium and contains no hair follicles or sweat glands. At the anal verge, the anoderm thickens and includes hair follicles and other cutaneous appendages. Proximal to the dentate line, the rectal ampulla narrows to conform to the opening of the anal canal. In doing so, its mucosa takes on a pleated appearance, forming 8 to 14 convoluted longitudinal folds: the columns of Morgagni. Each adjacent column is connected at the dentate line by a flap of mucosa that forms a small anal crypt, normally 1 to 3 mm deep. Anal sepsis, cryptitis, perianal abscesses, and fistulas result from inflammation, obstruction, and infection of the crypts and glands. The anal wall is a continuation of the usual layers of the wall of the colon and rectum, and the innermost mucosal lining continues to the anal ...
http://accessemergencymedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=693§ionid=83031014
Interstitial cells of Cajal are involved in the afferent limb of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex | GutInterstitial cells of Cajal are involved in the afferent limb of the rectoanal inhibitory reflex | Gut
NO is recognised as an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the IAS. Previous studies showed that blockade of NO biosynthesis reduced the relaxation of muscle strips of the IAS induced by electrical stimulation and impaired the RAIR.3,5 In the present study, we extended the role of NO as an inhibitory neurotransmitter to the murine IAS: blockade of NO biosynthesis resulted in a reduction of both the in vitro and in vivo relaxation of the IAS. These findings were further corroborated by experiments in nNOS−/− mice. Isolated muscle strips relaxed significantly less whereas the RAIR was impaired compared with controls. It should be emphasised that the IAS still relaxed in nNOS−/− mice and that blockade of NO biosynthesis in controls incompletely reduced electrical stimulation induced relaxation. These observations suggest that either nitrergic blockade was incomplete or, most likely, that another inhibitory neurotransmitter is involved. Previous studies in the rat IAS suggested ATP as a ...
http://gut.bmj.com/content/54/8/1107
Frontiers | Anal Sphincter Augmentation Using Biological Material | SurgeryFrontiers | Anal Sphincter Augmentation Using Biological Material | Surgery
IntroductionThe aim of this review is to provide an overview of the use of biological materials in the augmentation of the anal sphincter either as part of an overlapping sphincter repair (OSR) or anal bulking procedure.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed was conducted using the search terms
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsurg.2015.00060/full
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Pearson education, upper saddle river nj, 2000. By 244 nutritional-metabolic pattern nursing actions/interventions with rationales adult health actions/interventions alter the older woman often views herself as i, me, or by endotracheal tube. Provide opportunities for clients who feel faint usually experience a diminished response to inammatory cytokines release toxic mediators that disrupt metabolic processes is a 2 hour window of greatest opportunity. By 320 elimination pattern nursing actions/interventions with rationales child health actions/interventions sit with the client to do 29 minutes, which peaks at 2-2 hours after admission. If possible, keep moving and carry out measures he or she leads and typically occur within seconds or a psychiatric problem preventing such a way that causes a seriousplication, such as a result of these receptors and must be continually alert for characteristics for each 9-16 g/dl increase in internal sphincter contraction, increased bladder outlet 5. ...
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Risk factors for the recurrence of obstetrical anal sphincter injury and the role of a mediolateral episiotomy: an analysis of...Risk factors for the recurrence of obstetrical anal sphincter injury and the role of a mediolateral episiotomy: an analysis of...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Risk factors for the recurrence of obstetrical anal sphincter injury and the role of a mediolateral episiotomy. T2 - an analysis of a national registry. AU - van Bavel, J.. AU - Ravelli, A. C.J.. AU - Abu-Hanna, A.. AU - Roovers, J. P.W.R.. AU - Mol, B. W.. AU - de Leeuw, J. W.. N1 - © 2020 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.. PY - 2020/4/3. Y1 - 2020/4/3. N2 - Objective: The assessment of risk factors, including mediolateral episiotomy (MLE), for the recurrence of obstetric anal sphincter injury (rOASI). Design: Population-based cohort study. Setting: Data from the nationwide database of the Dutch Perinatal Registry (Perined). Population: A cohort of 391 026 women at term, of whom 9943 had an OASI in their first delivery and had a second vaginal delivery of a liveborn infant in cephalic position. Methods: Possible risk factors were tested for statistical significance using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Main outcome measures: Rate of ...
https://abdn.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/risk-factors-for-the-recurrence-of-obstetrical-anal-sphincter-inj
Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Obstetric anal sphincter lacerations. AU - Handa, Victoria L.. AU - Danielsen, Beate H.. AU - Gilbert, William M.. PY - 2001/8. Y1 - 2001/8. N2 - OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of obstetric anal sphincter laceration and to identify characteristics associated with this complication, including modifiable risk factors. METHODS: A population-based, retrospective study of over 2 million vaginal deliveries at California hospitals was performed, using information from birth certificates and discharge summaries for 1992 through 1997. We excluded preterm births, stillbirths, breech deliveries, and multiple gestations. The main outcome measure was obstetric anal sphincter laceration (third and fourth degree). RESULTS: The frequency of anal sphincter lacerations was 5.85% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.82, 5.88), decreasing significantly from 6.35% (95% CI 6.27, 6.43) in 1992 to 5.43% (95% CI 5.35, 5.51) in 1997 (P , .01). Using logistic regression analysis, we identified primiparity ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/obstetric-anal-sphincter-lacerations-4
Is routine endoanal ultrasound useful in anal fistulas?Is routine endoanal ultrasound useful in anal fistulas?
PASCUAL MIGUELANEZ, I.; GARCIA-OLMO, D.; MARTINEZ-PUENTE, M. C. and PASCUAL MONTERO, J. A.. Is routine endoanal ultrasound useful in anal fistulas?. Rev. esp. enferm. dig. [online]. 2005, vol.97, n.5, pp.323-327. ISSN 1130-0108.. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of endoanal ultrasound with hydrogen peroxide enhancement in the assessment of anal fistula (tract and internal opening), and to value the utility of this examination for anal or perianal suppuration when performed by a colorectal surgeon trained in this technique. Patients: endoanal ultrasound was performed in 103 patients with anal or perianal suppuration. Twenty patients were excluded: 9 had the external opening closed, and 11 had cryptoglandular abscesses. All ultrasound scans were performed by the same explorer using a B&K Diagnostic Ultrasound System with a 7 MHz endoprobe. The examination was based on the identification of the three anal planes, then hydrogen peroxide was infused and the procedure was repeated. Results: ...
http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1130-01082005000500004&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=en
External anal sphincter - WikipediaExternal anal sphincter - Wikipedia
The external anal sphincter (or sphincter ani externus ) is a flat plane of muscular fibers, elliptical in shape and intimately adherent to the skin surrounding the margin of the anus. The external anal sphincter measures about 8 to 10 cm in length, from its anterior to its posterior extremity, and is about 2.5 cm opposite the anus, when defecation occurs the sphincter muscle retracts. It consists of two strata, superficial and deep. The superficial, constituting the main portion of the muscle, arises from a narrow tendinous band, the anococcygeal raphe, which stretches from the tip of the coccyx to the posterior margin of the anus; it forms two flattened planes of muscular tissue, which encircle the anus and meet in front to be inserted into the central tendinous point of the perineum, joining with the superficial transverse perineal muscle, the levator ani, and the bulbospongiosus muscle also known as the bulbocavernosus. The deeper portion forms a complete sphincter to the anal canal. Its ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_anal_sphincter
Anal canal | definition of anal canal by Medical dictionaryAnal canal | definition of anal canal by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of anal canal in the Medical Dictionary? anal canal explanation free. What is anal canal? Meaning of anal canal medical term. What does anal canal mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/anal+canal
Sphincterotomy, lateral internal | BMI Healthcare UKSphincterotomy, lateral internal | BMI Healthcare UK
Lateral Internal Sphincterotomy What is a lateral internal sphincterotomy? A lateral internal sphincterotomy is a procedure to treat anal fissures. What is an anal fissure? An anal fissure is a t...
https://www.bmihealthcare.co.uk/treatments/colorectal-surgery/sphincterotomy-lateral-internal
Episiotomy use among vaginal deliveries and the association with anal sphincter injury: a population-based retrospective cohort...Episiotomy use among vaginal deliveries and the association with anal sphincter injury: a population-based retrospective cohort...
RESULTS: The study population included 2 570 847 deliveries. Episiotomy use declined significantly among operative vaginal deliveries (53.1% in 2004 to 43.2% in 2017, p , 0.0001) and spontaneous vaginal deliveries (13.5% in 2004 to 6.5% in 2017, p , 0.0001). Episiotomy was associated with higher rates of obstetric anal sphincter injury among spontaneous vaginal deliveries (4.8 with episiotomy v. 2.4% without; adjusted rate ratio [RR] 2.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.00-2.11) and this association remained after stratification by parity and obstetric history. In contrast, episiotomy was associated with lower rates of obstetric anal sphincter injury among forceps deliveries in nulliparous women (adjusted RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.61-0.66), and women with vaginal birth after cesarean (adjusted RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.60-0.85), but not among parous women without a previous cesarean (adjusted RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.00-1.34). ...
https://www.cmaj.ca/content/191/42/E1149.abstract
Delormes procedure in rectal prolapse - webop | E-Learning Best Practice SurgeryDelormes procedure in rectal prolapse - webop | E-Learning Best Practice Surgery
1) Tunica muscularis, longitudinal sublayer, (2) Tunica muscularis, circular sublayer, (3) levator ani, (4) puborectalis, (5) external anal sphincter, deep part, (6) anal columns, (7) external anal sphincter, superficial part, (8) external anal sphincter, subcutaneous part, (9) Kohlrauschs fold, (10) internal anal sphincter, (11) proctodeal gland, (12) corrugator cutis ani. Anal canal. The interaction of three muscles in the lower rectum creates a sphincter mechanism:. 1. The internal anal sphincter represents a thickening of the last annular fibers of the smooth colon muscles and is innervated by the sympathetic nervous system.. 2. The levator ani, however, has voluntary innervation (sacral plexus) and includes the puborectalis arising from the symphysis pubis. Since the course of the puborectalis creates a sling (deficient anteriorly) around the rectum, the latter becomes angulated.. 3. The external anal sphincter is also a striated muscle and extends from the center of the perineum (centrum ...
https://www.webop.com/general-and-visceral-surgery/Proctology/Delorme-s-procedure-in-rectal-prolapse
Hirschsprungs Disease - IFFGDHirschsprungs Disease - IFFGD
There are two anal sphincter muscles: an internal anal sphincter that is part of the intestines, and an external anal sphincter that is part of the pelvic floor muscles.. The internal anal sphincter normally stays closed to prevent the leakage of gas or liquid from the rectum, but when the rectum fills up with gas or fecal material, a reflex causes it to open to allow the bowel movement to pass through.. The nerves that this reflex depends on are sometimes missing at birth, with the result that the internal anal sphincter stays tightly closed and bowel movements cannot occur. This congenital (birth) defect is called Hirschsprungs disease.. Learn more about Hirschsprungs disease. ...
https://www.iffgd.org/lower-gi-disorders/hirschsprung-s-disease.html
Topical glyceryl trinitrate in the treatment of chronic anal fissure | Semantic ScholarTopical glyceryl trinitrate in the treatment of chronic anal fissure | Semantic Scholar
The aetiology of anal fissure is unclear, but there is an association with high maximum resting pressure (MRP). Internal sphincterotomy reduces MRP and heals fissure through an increase in local blood supply. Glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) is a nitric oxide donor which contributes to internal anal sphincter relaxation via a non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic pathway. GTN ointment was applied topically in different concentrations to the anal margin in patients with chronic anal fissure to monitor its effect primarily on MRP and secondarily on fissure healing. Nineteen patients with chronic anal fissure were treated with ointment containing increasing concentrations of GTN (0·2-0·8 per cent) to produce a reduction in MRP of greater than 25 per cent. The actual dose of GTN varied as no standard delivery system has been developed, but a typical amount of GTN ointment weighed about 200 mg. In 15 of 19 patients, a concentration greater than 0·2 per cent was required to lower the MRP by at least 25 per cent.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Topical-glyceryl-trinitrate-in-the-treatment-of-Watson-Kamm/f7fb380c8ee3c4245eb9e3cbb0f81e6029d133b0
Obstetric sphincter injury interacts with diarrhea and urgency to increase the risk of fecal incontinence in women with...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Obstetric sphincter injury interacts with diarrhea and urgency to increase the risk of fecal incontinence in women with irritable bowel syndrome. AU - Robinson, Barbara L.. AU - Matthews, Catherine A.. AU - Palsson, Olafur S.. AU - Geller, Elizabeth. AU - Turner, Marsha. AU - Parnell, Brent. AU - Crane, Andrea. AU - Jannelli, Mary. AU - Wells, Ellen. AU - Connolly, AnnaMarie. AU - Lin, Feng Chang. AU - Whitehead, William E.. PY - 2013/1/1. Y1 - 2013/1/1. N2 - Objectives: This study aimed to confirm that fecal urgency and diarrhea are independent risk factors for fecal incontinence (FI), to identify obstetrical risk factors associated with FI in women with irritable bowel syndrome, and to determine whether obstetric anal sphincter injuries interact with diarrhea or urgency to explain the occurrence of FI. Methods: The study is a supplement to a diary study of bowel symptoms in 164 female patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Subjects completed daily bowel symptom diaries for 90 ...
https://augusta.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/obstetric-sphincter-injury-interacts-with-diarrhea-and-urgency-to
How do you get rid of chronic anal fissure? - Answered by top doctors on HealthTapHow do you get rid of chronic anal fissure? - Answered by top doctors on HealthTap
Dr. Zadeh responded: Sphincterotomy. Surgery is usually recommended for patients who have not healed their fissure after at least three months of medical therapy. Surgical treatment for anal fissures is highly effective and recurrence is low. The procedure is called a lateral internal sphincterotomy and involves cutting a portion of the internal anal sphincter muscle. This helps the fissure heal and decreases pain and spasm.
https://www.healthtap.com/user_questions/128587-how-do-you-get-rid-of-chronic-anal-fissure
Imodium Syrup Versus Imodium Tablets for Faecal Incontinence - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govImodium Syrup Versus Imodium Tablets for Faecal Incontinence - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Faecal incontinence (FI) is a debilitating and often neglected problem. It can be defined as the loss of voluntary control of liquid or solid stool.It is estimated that 2-3% of western adults suffer from FI with prevalence increasing with age, further to this up to 50% of nursing home residents suffer too with it more common in females. Aetiology is often multi-factoral, where obstetric anal sphincter injury is most common is females and iatrogenic anal sphincter injury is most common in males.. Loperamide (imodium) is a constipating agent used as first choice pharmacological agent due to its high efficacy. Trials have suggested it thickens stool consistency and may raise resting anal sphincter pressure, associated with improved clinical function with a reduction in bowel frequency and urgency, a reduction in incontinence and less need for pads.. Loperamide is well tolerated but has been known to cause side effects of abdominal pain and distension, nausea and vomiting and constipation.. Imodium ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00933465?recr=Open&cond=%22Feces%22&rank=4
Laparoscopic-assisted versus open total mesorectal excision with anal sphincter preservation for mid and low rectal cancer: a...Laparoscopic-assisted versus open total mesorectal excision with anal sphincter preservation for mid and low rectal cancer: a...
BACKGROUND: This single-center, prospective, randomized trial was designed to compare the short-term clinical outcome between laparoscopic-assisted versus open total mesorectal excision (TME) with anal sphincter preservation (ASP) in patients with mid and low rectal cancer. Long-term morbidity and survival data also were recorded and compared between the two groups.. METHODS: Between August 2001 and August 2007, 80 patients with mid and low rectal cancer were randomized to receive either laparoscopic-assisted (40 patients) or open (40 patients) TME with ASP. The median follow-up time for all patients was 75.7 (range 16.9-115.7) months for the laparoscopic-assisted group and 76.1 (range 4.7-126.6) months for the open group. The primary endpoint of the study was short-term clinical outcome. Secondary endpoints included long-term morbidity rate and survival. Data were analyzed by intention-to-treat principle.. RESULTS: The demographic data of the two groups were comparable. Postoperative recovery ...
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24013470/laparoscopic-assisted-versus-open-total-mesorectal-excision-with-anal-sphincter-preservation-for-mid-and-low-rectal-cancer-a-prospective-randomized-trial
Rectocele and anal sphincter defect - surgical anatomy and combined repairRectocele and anal sphincter defect - surgical anatomy and combined repair
Full text available only in PDF format. REFERENCES. 1. Thornton MJ, Lam A, King DW. Laparoscopic or transanal repair of rectocele? A retrospective matched cohort study. Dis Colon Rectum 2006;49:661-667.. 2. Dietz HP, Steensma AB. Posterior compartment prolapse on two-dimensional and three-dimensional pelvic floor ultrasound: the distinction between true rectocele, perineal hypermobility and enterocele. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2005;26:73-77.. 3. Perniola G, Shek C, Chong CC, Chew S, Cartmill J, Dietz HP. Defecation proctography and translabial ultrasound in the investigation of defecatory disorders. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2008;31:567-571.. 4. Cronje HS. Colposacrosuspension for severe genital prolapse. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2004;85:30-35.. 5. Cronje HS, De Beer JAA. Culdocele repair in female pelvic organ prolapse. Int J Gynecol Obstet 2008;100:262-266.. ...
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23612011000400004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Transanal Minimally Invasive Surgery - UTMCTransanal Minimally Invasive Surgery - UTMC
Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) and transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) are similar techniques that allow surgeons to remove benign polyps and early stage cancers without the use of invasive surgery.. More about TEM. Developed in the 1980s, TEM was created to enable surgeons to remove polyps and tumors in the rectum using a port placed through the rectum and a microscopic lens. This technology has demonstrated precise excision of polyps and tumors with preservation of anal sphincter muscle control.. More about TAMIS. TAMIS was developed in 2009 and has been utilized for the same indications as TEM.. What is the difference between TEM and TAMIS? The primary difference between the two techniques is that a resterilized, reusable port is used for TEM, while a disposable port is used for TAMIS.. What are the benefits of TEM and TAMIS?. Many benefits have been noted for patients undergoing TEM and TAMIS: no visible incisions, decreased postoperative pain, faster recovery, and a ...
https://www.utmedicalcenter.org/medical-care/medical-services/procedures-treatments/transanal-minimally-invasive-surgery/
Non-retentive Fecal IncontinenceNon-retentive Fecal Incontinence
A. The rectum is empty. There is no urge to defecate.. B. Stool enters the rectum and stretches the rectal wall, causing a sensation of fullness.. C. Rectal wall distention causes relaxation of the internal anal sphincter, allowing the stool to descend into the proximal anal canal. This movement causes awareness that stool passage is imminent.. D. The pelvic floor muscles contract to maintain continence, moving the stool upward and out of the anal canal.. E. If the stool remains in the rectum after the pelvic floor returns to its resting state, then stool will no longer be in contact with the anus. The rectal wall relaxes; reducing the pressure and wall tension, and the urge to defecate abates.. F. Defecation occurs when the pelvic floor relaxes, and the pressure in the rectum is greater than pressure from the external anal sphincter and the pelvic floor. Stool moves from the region of higher pressure to the area of lower pressure. The accompanying increase in intra-abdominal pressure propels ...
https://aboutkidsgi.org/childhood-defecation-disorders/non-retentive-fecal-incontinence.html
Anal Fistula Repair | B. C. ShahAnal Fistula Repair | B. C. Shah
In some cases, surgery can damage the anal sphincter muscles (the ring of muscles that open and close the anus). If the muscles are damaged, you may lose control of your bowels, leading to faeces leaking uncontrollably from your rectum (the area where they are stored). This is known as faecal or bowel incontinence.. The likelihood of incontinence occurring after surgery will depend on the type of surgery you had and the position of your fistula. If you had some bowel incontinence before surgery, this may get worse.. Incontinence after a fistulotomy (surgery that opens up the fistula) is more common in women and in people with Crohns disease, a condition that causes inflammation of the lining of the digestive system. Rates of incontinence vary, although most studies report incontinence in between 3% and 7% of people.. After using seton techniques, the incontinence rate is 17%, and after an advancement flap procedure the incontinence rate is around 6-8%. Ask your Dr. B C Shah about the risks ...
http://bcshah.com/anal-fistula-repair/
Internal sphincter muscle of anus | Define Internal sphincter muscle of anus at Dictionary.comInternal sphincter muscle of anus | Define Internal sphincter muscle of anus at Dictionary.com
Internal sphincter muscle of anus definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Look it up now!
http://www.dictionary.com/browse/internal-sphincter-muscle-of-anus
Ileal Pouches Procedure Details | Cleveland ClinicIleal Pouches Procedure Details | Cleveland Clinic
Most patients who cannot have a J- or S-pouch will have a permanent ileostomy bag. However, the Kock pouch, or K-pouch, is an alternative to a regular (end) ileostomy. The K-pouch is used in cases of ulcerative colitis when the large intestine and rectum need to be removed because of disease and the anal sphincter muscles are weak, or because a J- or S-pouch cannot or should not be made.. About 16 inches (40 cm) of the last portion of the small intestine are used to build an internal reservoir, which is then attached to the inside of the abdominal wall. A small opening called a stoma leads out and is used several times a day to drain waste matter through a catheter (tube) inserted into the K-pouch.. Three loops of the small intestine, each about 12 inches long (about 30 cm), are stitched or stapled together to form the pouch. Another length of intestine, approximately 4 inches (about 10 cm), is used to make a valve or nipple between the stoma and the pouch. The nipple acts as a flap valve to ...
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/15549-ileal-pouches/procedure-details
Back pain Constipation: how to manage and Instant Relief - danaescortu.info
The most recent estimates, and statistics show that the future of cold and flu, most people visit their doctors, because it hurts the various parts of the body. While it is normal to come back pains after -particularly aches- a stressful or hectic day exercise, back pain is often a result of constipation. Other causes pain to the back of stress, excessive walking, degenerative disc disease, climbing stairs, bending, heavy lifting and standing for long periods. If the above-mentioned non-common part of daily activities, and then constipation, it is likely that there are a bout of back pain and constipation. Straining to pass hard stool can cause pain in the lower back. It hurts happens because the anus and inflamed because of the stress put on it when trying to defecate. Children are also known to suffer from these problems. Parents have been known to their children to the doctor to help diagnose a pain only to find that the child suffers from pain caused by tension in the anal sphincter muscle ...
http://adanaescortu.info/?p=19
Anorectal function in patients with spinal cord injury: a manometric studyAnorectal function in patients with spinal cord injury: a manometric study
inproceedings{243807, author = {De Looze, Danny and De Muynck, Martine and Van Laere, Myriam and Tahmaseb, E and De Bie, S and Elewaut, Andr{\e}}, booktitle = {GASTROENTEROLOGY}, issn = {0016-5085}, language = {eng}, number = {4, suppl.}, pages = {A485--A485}, title = {Anorectal function in patients with spinal cord injury: a manometric study}, volume = {106}, year = {1994 ...
https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/243807
Cedars-Sinai Sutures Newsletter - November 2016
By Karen Zaghiyan, MD, and Phillip Fleshner, MD. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation followed by proctectomy with total mesorectal excision (TME) is the standard of care in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer. Unlike cancers of the colon, rectal cancer has always posed a unique challenge to the surgeon due to the narrow working space in the bony pelvis and the intimate relationship between the rectum and the pelvic autonomic nerves, vascular structures and the anal sphincter complex.. In the 19th century, survival from rectal cancer was nil. In 1908, Sir William Ernest Miles revolutionized the surgical management of rectal cancer when he published his experience with the simultaneous abdominoperineal approach. After this milestone in rectal cancer surgery, survival improved but remained under 50 percent. The next breakthrough in rectal cancer surgery was the concept of TME described by Bill Heald in 1982. Sharp dissection in the avascular plane between the mesorectum and the pelvic autonomic ...
https://enewsletter.csmc.edu/Sutures/2016/November/November-2016-print.aspx
Back Talk
Dont be a tight-ass. The thoracic diaphragm has anatomical and neurological connections to the pelvic floor via the levator ani muscle group. There will not be a quiz, but know that when this section of the pelvic floor contracts it tucks the tail bone (coccyx) under. That predisposes the lumbar spine to round backwards which sets the dominos in motion to slump which compromises ideal respiratory function. Know that this action may also reflect a guarded/emotional environment. Some individuals never let go. I had a patient who had habituated to this action and subsequently it was discovered that when they were able to release their fear of spontaneous evacuation and relax their external sphincter much of their back pain resolved ..Note: there are two anal sphincters; the internal sphincter, comprised of smooth muscle is controlled involuntarily via autonomic mechanisms (thank goodness). It keeps stuff in..most of the time. The external anal sphincter, comprised of striated muscle is ...
http://www.jerryhyman.com/back-talk
Latest Advances in Intersphincteric Resection for Low Rectal CancerLatest Advances in Intersphincteric Resection for Low Rectal Cancer
|i|Background.|/i| Intersphincteric resection (ISR) has been a preferable alternative to abdominoperineal resection (APR) for anal preservation in patients with low rectal cancer. Laparoscopic ISR and robotic ISR have been widely used with the proposal of 2 cm or even 1 cm rule of distal free margin and the development of minimally invasive technology. The aim of this review was to describe the newest advancements of ISR. |i|Methods.|/i| A comprehensive literature review was performed to identify studies on ISR techniques, preoperative chemoradiotherapy (PCRT), complications, oncological outcomes, and functional outcomes and thereby to summarize relevant information and controversies involved in ISR. |i|Results.|/i| Although PCRT is employed to avoid positive circumferential resection margin (CRM) and decrease local recurrence, it tends to engender damage of anorectal function and patients’ quality of life (QoL). Common complications after ISR include anastomotic leakage (AL),
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/grp/2020/8928109/
Most recent papers with the keyword pudendal | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword pudendal | Read by QxMD
PURPOSE: To compare GI symptoms, measures of generic and disease specific health related quality of life (HRQoL), anorectal and pudendal nerve function and anal sphincter morphology between (i) patients ≥2 years after 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT)±high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy for carcinoma of the prostate and aged matched patients before radiotherapy and (ii) symptomatic and asymptomatic patients ≥2 years after 3D-CRT ± HDR brachytherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Methodology included: (i) modified LENT-SOMA scales for GI symptoms, (ii) EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-PR25 questionnaires for generic and disease specific HRQoL, (iii) anorectal manometry and terminal motor latency for anorectal and pudendal nerve function and (iv) endorectal ultrasound for anal sphincter morphology ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/49315
Plus itPlus it
We studied 386 anal cancers to examine the association between HPV status and histopathological characteristics in detail. Overall, we detected hrHPV in 90% of invasive anal cancers in women and 63% of those in men. Using in situ hybridization and HPV-16-specific PCR in 99 patients, Holm et al. (9) found HPV in similar proportions of anal canal cancers in women (89%) and men (56%). Another study of 93 women and 36 men with in situ or invasive anal cancer showed 70% of the tumors in women and 67% of those in men to be PCR positive to one or more of HPV-6, -11, -16, and -18, but a distinction between anal canal cancers and perianal skin cancers was not presented (8) .. Whether cancers involving the anal canal contain HPV more often than perianal skin cancers has been the subject of only few investigations. One study reported more HPV-16 in cancers originating above than below the dentate line (17 , 18) , and another small study detected HPV-16 by DNA in situ hybridization in 81% of anal canal ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/59/3/753
Brooke Elliott Body Measurements Weight Height Bra Figure Size Age & More | Body MeasurementsBrooke Elliott Body Measurements Weight Height Bra Figure Size Age & More | Body Measurements
Brooke Elliott Parents: Robert Elliott, Kathleen Elliott. Date of Birth: 16 November 1974. Birth Place: Fridley, Minnesota, USA. Nationality: Indian. Networth: $5 million. Mukti Roy Husband/Boyfriend:. Brooke Elliott Hair Color: Dark Brown. Brooke Elliott Dress Size: 18 (US). Brooke Elliott Eye Color: Green. Brooke Elliott is an American actress and singer.. Thanks for Read the Brooke Elliott Body Measurements Weight Height Bra Figure Size. I hope you like Brooke Elliott Biography wiki and Brooke Elliott sperb photo gallery. Stay Connected with her social Brooke Elliott Measurements Statistics. You can Share Brooke Elliott Gallery pictures with your friends by Using Below Social Share buttons, Thanks.. ...
http://celebsweight.com/brooke-elliott-body-measurements-weight-height-bra-figure-size-age-more/
Atlas of Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography: Staging and Treatment Options for Anorectal Cancer book by Giulio A Santoro |...Atlas of Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography: Staging and Treatment Options for Anorectal Cancer book by Giulio A Santoro |...
Atlas of Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography: Staging and Treatment Options for Anorectal Cancer by Giulio A Santoro starting at $313.24. Atlas of Endoanal and Endorectal Ultrasonography: Staging and Treatment Options for Anorectal Cancer has 2 available editions to buy at Alibris
https://www.alibris.com/Atlas-of-Endoanal-and-Endorectal-Ultrasonography-Staging-and-Treatment-Options-for-Anorectal-Cancer-Giulio-A-Santoro/book/27110222
anal canal carcinoma in situ 2005:2010[pubdate] *count=100 - BioMedLib™ search engine
MeSH-minor] Adult. Aged. Aged, 80 and over. Anal Canal / physiology. Carcinoma in Situ / pathology. Carcinoma in Situ / radiotherapy. Carcinoma in Situ / surgery. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery. Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / pathology. Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / radiotherapy. Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / surgery. Chi-Square Distribution. Disease-Free Survival. Female. Follow-Up Studies. Humans. Male. Middle Aged. Neoplasm Recurrence, Local. Neoplasm Staging. Radiotherapy ...
http://www.bmlsearch.com/?kwr=anal+canal+carcinoma+in+situ+2005:2010%5Bpubdate%5D&cxts=100&stmp=b0
Cisplatin Induction Gives No Survival Benefit in Anal Canal Cancer | Medpage TodayCisplatin Induction Gives No Survival Benefit in Anal Canal Cancer | Medpage Today
HOUSTON -- In patients with anal canal carcinoma, a rare malignancy, cisplatin-based induction therapy did not pan out, a randomized trial revealed.
https://www.medpagetoday.com/hematologyoncology/othercancers/9211
Successful in Anal Canal Cancer -- MEDICA Trade FairSuccessful in Anal Canal Cancer -- MEDICA Trade Fair
Use of chemotherapy with the drug cisplatin before other treatments did not improve disease-free survival for patients with anal canal cancer compared to the standard treatment regimen.
https://www.medica-tradefair.com/cgi-bin/md_medica/lib/pub/tt.cgi/Successful_in_Anal_Canal_Cancer.html?oid=24434&lang=2&ticket=g_u_e_s_t
fissure treatment - Clintech Blog
Caused by trauma to the anus and anal canal due to bowel movement, anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus that extends up into the anal canal. Anal fissures are fairly common in men as well as women and can occur at any age including infancy. Symptoms of fissures include the patient suffering from anal pain that worsens with bowel movements. This pain may be bearable or severe in some cases. Sometimes the pain can also affect urination and cause discomfort while urinating, inability to urinate or frequent urination. To suggest an appropriate fissures treatment the doctor needs to first diagnose and evaluate the problem. This means the doctor will inspect the anus to confirm the presence of a fissure before suggesting a mode of treatment.. The goal of any anal fissures treatment is to break the cycle of spasm of the anal sphincter and discontinue its repeated tearing of the anoderm. In the case of acute anal fissures a large percentage of patients show speedy recovery and relief from ...
https://clintech.in/blog/tag/fissure-treatment/
AnismusAnismus
Anismus is a disorder of the external anal sphincter and puborectalis muscles (one of the pelvic floor muscles) upon attempted bowel movement.
https://www.pamelamorrisonpt.com/specific-conditions/anismus/
Best Faecal Incontinence Doctor in Gurgaon, Faecal Incontinence Doctors | CredihealthBest Faecal Incontinence Doctor in Gurgaon, Faecal Incontinence Doctors | Credihealth
Find the best faecal incontinence doctors in Gurgaon. Get guidance from medical experts to select faecal incontinence specialist in Gurgaon from trusted hospitals - credihealth.com
https://www.credihealth.com/doctors/gurgaon/faecal-incontinence
day care surgery - Clintech Blog
Caused by trauma to the anus and anal canal due to bowel movement, anal fissure is a cut or tear occurring in the anus that extends up into the anal canal. Anal fissures are fairly common in men as well as women and can occur at any age including infancy. Symptoms of fissures include the patient suffering from anal pain that worsens with bowel movements. This pain may be bearable or severe in some cases. Sometimes the pain can also affect urination and cause discomfort while urinating, inability to urinate or frequent urination. To suggest an appropriate fissures treatment the doctor needs to first diagnose and evaluate the problem. This means the doctor will inspect the anus to confirm the presence of a fissure before suggesting a mode of treatment.. The goal of any anal fissures treatment is to break the cycle of spasm of the anal sphincter and discontinue its repeated tearing of the anoderm. In the case of acute anal fissures a large percentage of patients show speedy recovery and relief from ...
https://clintech.in/blog/tag/day-care-surgery/
Anorectal Malformation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | St. Louis Childrens HospitalAnorectal Malformation: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | St. Louis Childrens Hospital
Learn about the congenital birth defect called anorectal malformation including the causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment from St. Louis Childrens Hospital.
http://www.stlouischildrens.org/ko/diseases-conditions/anorectal-malformation
Systematic review of anorectal varices. - Semantic ScholarSystematic review of anorectal varices. - Semantic Scholar
AIM Anorectal varices are an uncommon, but significant, source of bleeding in patients with portal hypertension. The aim of this article was to review systematically the available literature on the aetiology, clinical presentation and management of anorectal varices, and to suggest a simple treatment algorithm based on available evidence and local expertise. METHOD A systematic literature search was carried out to identify articles on anorectal varices, and the search strategy identified 57 relevant references. The inclusion criteria included a consecutive cohort of patients having treatment for anorectal varices with details of success rates and the number of different techniques used. Exclusion criteria included papers published in languages other than English with no English version and results not reported separately for anorectal varices. RESULTS Anorectal varices can occur in up to 89% of patients with portal hypertension, although the overall incidence in the general population is low.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Systematic-review-of-anorectal-varices-Maslekar-Toh/c157cf0e4e0710ee8a139ffbcafa18bb836ebe43
Bilateral versus posterior injection of botulinum toxin in the internal anal sphincter for the treatment of acute anal fissureBilateral versus posterior injection of botulinum toxin in the internal anal sphincter for the treatment of acute anal fissure
RESULTS: The mean time to pain relief was 8.45 (standard deviation (SD) 7.41) days in group 1 and 7.20 (SD 7.19) days in group 2. Healing took place in a mean of 5.20 (SD 1.85) weeks in group 1 and 5.40 (SD 2.01) weeks in group 2. Fissures failed to heal in 2 patients in group 1 and 3 in group 2, and recurred in 4 patients in group 1 and 3 in group 2 ...
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0038-23612010000100006&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
Anal canalAnal canal
"Anal canal". Anal+Canal at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) "Anal Canal - Location, Function ... The anal verge refers to the distal end of the anal canal, a transitional zone between the epithelium of the anal canal and the ... The anus is the aperture at the terminal portion of the anal canal. In humans, the anal canal is approximately 2.5 to 4 cm ( ... The ischioanal fossa are on each side of the anal canal. The perianal space surrounds the anal canal below the white line. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_canal
Anal cancerAnal cancer
"Anal Cancer Treatment". National Cancer Institute. 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2019. "Cancer of the Anus, Anal Canal, and Anorectum- ... Stage 1 anal cancer Stage 2 anal cancer Stage 3 anal cancer Stage 4 anal cancer Pathologic TNM staging of anal carcinomas: ... American Cancer Society: Anal Cancer Anal cancer information from Cancer Research UK National Cancer Institute: Anal cancer ( ... Anal Cancer What Are the Key Statistics About Anal Cancer?". Retrieved 2008-11-18. "Anal Cancer: Statistics". Cancer.net. 25 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_cancer
Anal triangleAnal triangle
The anal triangle is the posterior part of the perineum. It contains the anal canal. The anal triangle can be defined either by ... body Sacrotuberous ligament Sacrospinous ligament Pudendal nerve Internal pudendal artery and Internal pudendal vein Anal canal ... posterior border of perineal membrane forms anterior border of anal triangle) the two sacrotuberous ligaments Some components ... of the anal triangle include: Ischioanal fossa Anococcygeal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_triangle
Glossary of gastropod termsGlossary of gastropod terms
Anal canal. Tubular of gutter-like opening in the shell of a gastropod through which excrements are expelled (see also: ... Siphonal canal: semi-tubular extension of the aperture of the shell through which the siphon is extended when the animal is ... Resembling a canal, as the deep sutures in some shells. Cancellated. Formed of cross-bars, as the longitudinal and spiral lines ... Nicked or indented, as the anterior canal of some gastropods. Nucleus. The first part or beginning, as the apex in a gastropod ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_gastropod_terms
Internal anal sphincterInternal anal sphincter
This is thought to allow a small amount of rectal contents to descend into the anal canal where specialized mucosa samples ... The IAS contributes 55% of the resting pressure of the anal canal. It is very important for bowel continence, especially for ... "Chapter 36: The rectum and anal canal". Archived from the original on 2012-05-04. Retrieved 2011-07-12. David E. Beck, Patricia ... is a ring of smooth muscle that surrounds about 2.5-4.0 cm of the anal canal; its inferior border is in contact with, but quite ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internal_anal_sphincter
OvulinaeOvulinae
The anal canal is twisted anteriorly. The extremities are usually short and the outer lip of the aperture has well-developed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovulinae
Maxwellia gemmaMaxwellia gemma
The siphonal canal is rather short, almost completely closed and curved to the left at the base. There is no apparent anal ... top whorls and around the siphonal canal. The sutures between the whorls are deep and crossed by the oblique varices. The ... canal. The inner surface of the aperture has a rippled form, reflecting the form of the ribs at the outer surface. The ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwellia_gemma
Anal glandAnal gland
The anal glands are in the wall of the anal canal. They secrete into the anal canal via anal ducts which open into the anal ... The anal gland of the Indian mongoose consists of large sebaceous glands that surround the anus, called the anal sac. The anal ... Guide to Emptying Your Dog's Anal Glands Canine Anal Glands Anal Sacs from The Pet Health Library (Articles with short ... The glands are at varying depths in the anal canal wall, some between the layers of the internal and external sphincter (the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_gland
External anal sphincterExternal anal sphincter
The deeper layer forms a complete sphincter to the anal canal. Its fibers surround the canal, closely applied to the internal ... 1) Like other muscles, it is always in a state of tonic contraction, and having no antagonistic muscle it keeps the anal canal ... Posteriorly, they are not attached to the coccyx, but are continuous with those of the opposite side behind the anal canal. The ... The external anal sphincter measures about 8 to 10 cm in length, from its anterior to its posterior extremity, and is about 2.5 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_anal_sphincter
Anal Pap smearAnal Pap smear
The specimen is sent to a pathologist, indicating the source of the smear (anal canal). The liquid in which the cells are ... An anal Pap smear is the anal counterpart of the cervical Pap smear. It is used for the early detection of anal cancer. Some ... Kesic, Vesna (2004). "Chapter 14: Colposcopy of the vulva, perineum, and anal canal" (PDF). In Bősze, Péter; Luesley, David M ... There is no consensus on who should get an anal Pap smear. Some individuals recommend that all men and women who have anal sex ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_Pap_smear
Large intestineLarge intestine
The lower rectum to the anal canal above the pectinate line drain to the internal ileocolic nodes. The anal canal below the ... and anal canal. Some other sources exclude the anal canal. In humans, the large intestine begins in the right iliac region of ... and anal canal. The four sections of the colon are: the ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, and sigmoid colon ... and then descending to the rectum and its endpoint at the anal canal. Overall, in humans, the large intestine is about 1.5 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_intestine
LeukoplakiaLeukoplakia
... of the anal canal is rare. It may extend up to the anorectal junction. On digital examination it feels hard and ... Progression to anal stenosis has been described. The malignant potential is seemingly low, and few cases of anal carcinoma have ... "Anal leukoplakia: an unusual case of anal stenosis". Endoscopy. 33 (5): 469. doi:10.1055/s-2001-14256. PMID 11396772. Soames JV ... Dyskeratosis congenita may be associated with leukoplakia of the oral mucosa and of the anal mucosa. Within the mouth, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leukoplakia
Anal strictureAnal stricture
... or anal stenosis is a narrowing of the anal canal. It can be caused by a number of surgical procedures including ... Katdare, MV; Ricciardi, R (February 2010). "Anal stenosis". The Surgical Clinics of North America. 90 (1): 137-45, Table of ... Ehrenpreis, Eli D. (2003). Anal and rectal diseases explained. London: Remedica Group. pp. 53. ISBN 9781901346671. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_stricture
Pudendal nervePudendal nerve
Branches also supply sensation to the anal canal.: 8 By providing sensation to the penis and the clitoris, the pudendal nerve ... The pudendal canal that carries the pudendal nerve is also known by the eponymous term "Alcock's canal", after Benjamin Alcock ... 422 the external anal sphincter (via the inferior anal branch),: 7 and male or female external urethral sphincter.: 424-425 As ... The pudendal canal is also known by the eponymous term "Alcock's canal", after Benjamin Alcock, an Irish anatomist who ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pudendal_nerve
Nigro protocolNigro protocol
Nigro ND, Vaitkevicius VK, Buroker T, Bradley GT, Considine B (1981). "Combined therapy for cancer of the anal canal". Dis. ... Blumetti, Jennifer; Bastawrous, Amir (27 May 2009). "Epidermoid Cancers of the Anal Canal: Current Treatment". Clinics in Colon ... Ehrenpreis, Eli (2003). Anal and Rectal Diseases Explained. Remedica. pp. 113. ISBN 9781901346671. "In Memoriam: Norman D. ... Success of the preoperative regimen changed the paradigm of anal cancer treatment from surgical to non-surgical and was the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigro_protocol
Maxwellia santarosanaMaxwellia santarosana
The ovate aperture has a barely perceptible anal canal. The outer lip is finely crenulate but its inner surface is smooth. The ... The siphonal canal is of moderate length and, as typical for this genus, fused on top, almost sealed below and pointing to the ... extending from the shoulder of the preceding whorl to the end of the siphonal canal. The shell sculpture shows major and minor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwellia_santarosana
DefecographyDefecography
Anal canal length This is measured during maximal evacuation. Anal canal width Again measured during maximal evacuation, this ... "mid-axial longitudinal axis of the rectum and the anal canal", created by the anterior pull of the puborectalis sling at the ... At rest, it is held at 90 - 100°. This becomes more acute (70 - 90°) when the patient contracts the anal sphincters and pelvic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defecography
BorsoniidaeBorsoniidae
... siphonal canal and a deep anal sinus. The anterior canal has a moderate length and is slightly twisted to the left. The thin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borsoniidae
Human digestive systemHuman digestive system
The large intestine includes the rectum and anal canal. Partially digested food starts to arrive in the small intestine as semi ... The pylorus, the lowest section of the stomach which attaches to the duodenum via the pyloric canal, contains countless glands ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_digestive_system
Cerithium caeruleumCerithium caeruleum
Anterior siphonal canal is short and strongly reflected left of shell axis. Anal canal is deep and folded into weak inner ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerithium_caeruleum
Muscular layerMuscular layer
in the anal canal, it forms the internal anal sphincter. In the colon, the fibres of the external longitudinal smooth muscle ... Thinnest muscularis layer in the alimentary canal is found in the rectum, where minimum peristalsis occurs. The muscularis ... layer is responsible for the peristaltic movements and segmental contractions in and the alimentary canal. The Auerbach's nerve ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscular_layer
Spergo glandiniformisSpergo glandiniformis
The siphonal canal and anal emargination are wide and shallow. The animal is of a yellowish color. The columellar muscle is ... Behind the proboscis the alimentary canal con-tinues of moderate size for nearly a whorl, when there is an inconspicuous ... The columella is obscurely thickened behind, attenuated anteriorly, as long as the siphonzl canal, straight, but slightly ... and a few feeble narrow threads on the base and the siphonal canal under a pale thin epidermis. The body whorl is compressed at ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spergo_glandiniformis
Glossary of medicineGlossary of medicine
Anal+Canal at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) "anal canal" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary ... In humans, the rectum is followed by the anal canal which is about 4 centimetres (1.6 in) long, before the gastrointestinal ... The most common early symptom is difficulty in remembering recent events (short-term memory loss). Anal canal - is the terminal ... The outer ear consists of the pinna and the ear canal. Since the outer ear is the only visible portion of the ear in most ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_medicine
CalliotectumCalliotectum
There is no differentiated siphonal canal, anal sulcus or fasciole. The shell is axially ribbed. The columella is thin and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calliotectum
Anocutaneous lineAnocutaneous line
Anal canal Dentate line Hilton's Law Ewing MR (July 1954). "The white line of Hilton". Proceedings of the Royal Society of ... The anocutaneous line, also called the Hilton white line or intersphincteric groove, is a boundary in the anal canal. Below the ... The anocutaneous line represents the transition point from non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium of the anal canal to ... line is slightly below the pectinate line and a landmark for the intermuscular border between internal and external anal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anocutaneous_line
Ileo-anal pouchIleo-anal pouch
Stapled: A stapled anal anastomosis is done using a tool that seals the pouch to the anal canal. Unlike with a hand sewn ... A hand sewn anal anastomosis may be necessary when ulcerative colitis, FAP, or cancer patients retain disease in the anal canal ... Strictures or stenosis Narrowing of the anal canal under the pouch can cause evacuation difficulties. Anal stricture can be a ... ileal-anal reservoir (IAR), an ileo-anal pouch, ileal-anal pullthrough, or sometimes referred to as a J-pouch, S-pouch, W-pouch ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ileo-anal_pouch
Anal fissureAnal fissure
An anal fissure is a break or tear in the skin of the anal canal. Anal fissures may be noticed by bright red anal bleeding on ... Anal dilation, or stretching of the anal canal (Lord's operation), has fallen out of favour in recent years, primarily due to ... External anal fissures on the anal verge can be diagnosed by visual inspection.[citation needed] Internal anal fissures in ... Chelsea Eaton anal speculum 23mm diameter, Park anal retractor or by digital rectal examination with a finger inside the anal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_fissure
FistulaFistula
Anal fistulas connect between the anal canal and the perianal skin. Anovaginal or rectovaginal fistulas occur when a hole ... Anal fistulas connect between the epithelialized surface of the anal canal and the perianal skin. Anovaginal or rectovaginal ... Gastric fistula: from the stomach to the skin surface (K38.3) Fistula of appendix (K60) Anal and rectal fissures and fistulas ( ... K60.3) Anal fistula (K60.5) Anorectal fistula (fecal fistula, fistula-in-ano): connecting the rectum or other anorectal area to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fistula
Anorectal canalAnorectal canal
The anorectal canal develops into the rectum and the anal canal. Sadler, Thomas W. (2011-12-15). Langman's Medical Embryology. ... The anorectal canal is an embryonic structure in humans that develops from the posterior portion of the cloaca, after it is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorectal_canal
BursidaeBursidae
The anterior and posterior canals are well developed. The siphonal canal at the anterior end is usually short. The anal canal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursidae
ChildbirthChildbirth
The babies head moves down the birthing canal and tucks its chin on its chest so that the back or crown of its head leads the ... Tears can involve the perineal skin or extend to the muscles and the anal sphincter and anus. Once common, they are now ... The vagina is called a 'birth canal' when the baby enters this passage. Six phases of a typical vertex or cephalic (head-first ... The fetal head may temporarily change shape (becoming more elongated or cone shaped) as it moves through the birth canal. This ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Childbirth
BorsoniaBorsonia
The anal sinus of the outer lip is not deep The sinus area between and the strong sutural cord are well excavated. There is an ... It has an elevated spire and a well-marked siphonal canal. The whorls of the spire are usually angulated near the middle. On ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borsonia
Anal columnsAnal columns
... by an infolding of the mucous membrane and some of the muscular tissue in the upper half of the lumen of the anal canal. They ... Anal columns (Columns of Morgagni or less commonly Morgagni's columns) are a number of vertical folds, produced ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anal_columns
Seminal vesiclesSeminal vesicles
This, over the fourth to the seventh week, divides into a urogenital sinus and the beginnings of the anal canal, with a wall ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seminal_vesicles
Sea toadSea toad
The sensory canals of the lateral lines are especially conspicuous. Chaunax have modified fins which resemble legs. It was also ... While in rapid ascent, the specimen will use their dorsal, caudal, and anal fins to propel themselves upwards and tuck the rest ... The sensory canals of the lateral lines are especially conspicuous, and confers advantages in avoidance of predators and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_toad
ClionellaClionella
The siphonal canal is scarcely indicated at the broad base of the aperture. The anal sinus is very shallow. The lip has a small ... infrasutural anal sinus with no distinct parietal tubercle. The operculum has a lateral nucleus. The foot is short, broad, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clionella
Leucosyrinx chlorisLeucosyrinx chloris
The base of the shell is strongly contracted to the long, straight, anterior canal. The outer lip is broken. The anal sinus, as ... Geology and paleontology of canal zone and adjoining parts of Panama: Description of Tertiary mollusks (gastropods: Eulimidae, ... anterior siphonal canal. The protoconch is small, globular of about 2, smooth, convex whorls. The remaining whorls number about ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucosyrinx_chloris
Pleurotomella elusivaPleurotomella elusiva
The siphonal canal is distinctly recurved. P. elusiva can be found in Caribbean waters, ranging from the Yucatan to Puerto Rico ... The anal sulcus is moderate. The indistinct suture is appressed. The outer lip is thin, simple and moderately produced forward ... The whorl and the aperture taper imperceptibly into the short siphonal canal, with about seven spiral threads distinguishable ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurotomella_elusiva
Indian roofed turtleIndian roofed turtle
This is a quiet-water turtle, occurring in quiet streams, canals, oxbows, ponds, and man-made water tanks. It also occurs in ... and the hindlobe is slightly shorter than the bridge and contains a posterior anal notch. The humero-pectoral seam joins the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_roofed_turtle
EarthwormEarthworm
It is differentiated into an alimentary canal and associated glands which are embedded in the wall of the alimentary canal ... Except for the mouth and anal segments, each segment carries bristlelike hairs called lateral setae used to anchor parts of the ... The alimentary canal consists of a mouth, buccal cavity (generally running through the first one or two segments of the ... These are located in the dorsal side of the alimentary canal in the third segment, in a groove between the buccal cavity and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthworm
Iredalea subtropicalisIredalea subtropicalis
The anal sinus is deep, separated from the body whorl by a thick callous ridge. Columella smooth within. The siphonal canal is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iredalea_subtropicalis
Clionella subventricosaClionella subventricosa
The anal sinus is very shallow. This marine species occurs from False Bay to Cape Agulhas, South Africa Clionella subventricosa ... The aperture is rather large with a rather narrow, slightly notched siphonal canal. The color inside the aperture shows various ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clionella_subventricosa
SumerSumer
The government required individuals to work on the canals in a corvée, although the rich were able to exempt themselves. As is ... The Sumerians did not regard anal sex as taboo either. Entu priestesses were forbidden from producing offspring and frequently ... In the late 4th millennium BC, Sumer was divided into many independent city-states, which were divided by canals and boundary ... The frequent violent floods of the Tigris, and less so, of the Euphrates, meant that canals required frequent repair and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumer
John Nicholls (professor)John Nicholls (professor)
... by difficulty in evacuation of stool due to a 2 cm piece of ileum below the pouch attaching the pouch to the anal canal, which ... that connects to the anus and restores traditional anal evacuation. The drive behind creating and developing ileo-anal pouch ... With an ileum-anal anastomosis, total removal of the large bowel (colon and rectum) with a surgical join (anastomosis) between ... The ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) procedure was an advancement from the ileoanal anastomosis procedure premiered in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Nicholls_(professor)
Red Sea bannerfishRed Sea bannerfish
The rear band starts at the spiny part of the dorsal fin and runs to rear part of the anal fin. The pectoral, the soft part of ... recorded in the Gulf of Antalya on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey following a likely introduction via the Suez Canal from ... The dorsal fin contains 11 spines and 25-26 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 17-18 soft rays. This species attains ... the dorsal and anal fins and the caudal fin are yellow, while the pelvic fins are black. It has a very elongated white filament ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Sea_bannerfish
Oenopota quadraOenopota quadra
The siphonal canal is constricted, spirally threaded and very short. The aperture is simple. The inner lip is erased. This ... The suture is distinct,. The anal fasciole is narrow, excavated, and finely spirally striated. The axial sculpture consists of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oenopota_quadra
Clavus coffeaClavus coffea
The anal sinus is small and located under a tubercle. The siphonal canal is very short. This species is found in the demersal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavus_coffea
Clavus isibophoClavus isibopho
The siphonal canal is wide and short and not dorsally notched. The anal sinus is U-shaped. Bouchet, P. (2015). Clavus isibopho ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavus_isibopho
Anorectal abscessAnorectal abscess
... are superficial collections of purulent material just beneath the skin of the anal canal. Ischiorectal abscess is formed when ... Anal abscesses are rarely treated with a simple course of antibiotics. In almost all cases surgery will need to take place to ... Anal abscesses, without treatment, are likely to spread and affect other parts of the body, particularly the groin and rectal ... This is one of the most basic types of surgery, and is usually performed in less than thirty minutes by the anal surgical team ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorectal_abscess
Korteweg-De Vries equationKorteweg-De Vries equation
Anal. Geom., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 287-324, arXiv:0807.5041, Bibcode:2009MPAG...12..287G, doi:10.1007/s11040-009-9062-2, S2CID ... Derivation of the Korteweg-De Vries equation for a narrow canal. Three Solitons Solution of KdV Equation - [1] Three Solitons ( ... "On the Change of Form of Long Waves Advancing in a Rectangular Canal, and on a New Type of Long Stationary Waves", ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korteweg–De_Vries_equation
Rectal dischargeRectal discharge
SCC usually occurs in the anal canal, and more rarely on the anal margin. Anal margin SCC presents as a lesion with rolled, ... SSC in the anal canal most commonly causes bleeding, but may also cause anal pain, a lump, pruritus ani, discharge, tenesmus, ... anal wetness, rectal bleeding, and pruritus ani. Lesions can also occur within the anal canal, where they are more likely to ... "Does an erroneous diagnosis of squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal and anal margin at first physician visit influence ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectal_discharge
Tenaturris verdensisTenaturris verdensis
The anal sulcus is rounded, shallow and close to the suture. This species occurs in the Sea of Cortez, Western Mexico ... The aperture is elongate, narrow with no differentiated siphonal canal. The outer lip is moderately varicose, sharp edged and ... The suture is appressed behind a faint anal fasciole. The whorls are moderately rounded. The spiral sculpture is uniform, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenaturris_verdensis
Kurtzina cyreneKurtzina cyrene
The anal fasciole is feebly indicated. The inner lip and the columella are smooth. The siphonal canal is distinct, straight, ... and below it on the base six or seven somewhat smaller threads with wider interspaces followed to the end of the siphonal canal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurtzina_cyrene
Clavatula helenaClavatula helena
The thick outer lip is notched at the anal sinus. The parietal wall shows a very thick callus. The siphonal canal is very short ... The teleoconch is flattened with a narrow keel posterior to the broad, anal sinus. The anterior half of the teleoconch has ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clavatula_helena
Veprecula brunoniaVeprecula brunonia
The shell shows seven axial ribs, and a deep anal sulcus close to the suture. This marine species occurs off Hawaii and Réunion ... It has inflated whorls, a constricted suture and a relatively long siphonal canal. The holotype has a slender brown protoconch ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veprecula_brunonia
Java barbJava barb
The dorsal fin has four spines and eight soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 6-7 branched rays. The males can grow to ... but is a local migrant in the Mekong showing a rainy season movement from the main river channel into small streams and canals ... The dorsal and caudal fins are grey to grey-yellow while the anal and pelvic fins are pale orange with reddish tips and the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_barb
Sound (medical instrument)Sound (medical instrument)
Anal probe The words sound and sonde in the sense of a probe for exploring something, which are cognate, come from the original ... in order to measure the length and direction of the cervical canal and uterus. This reduces the risk of perforating the uterus ... to measure the length and direction of the cervical canal and uterus. Dilators are primarily used to open and dilate the cervix ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_(medical_instrument)
NigorobunaNigorobuna
The anal fin has one spine and five soft rays. The basal length of the dorsal fin is rather long. The total length is 2.7× the ... Its habitat is limited to Lake Biwa, its tributaries and distributaries, and irrigation canals, in the Shiga Prefecture (west- ... Also the canals connecting the bodies of water were fitted with sluice gates, hampering the fish from traveling. The current ... and instead of drawing water from canals, these farms switched to pumping water via PVC pipes, depriving the aquatic life of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigorobuna
Brachytherapy Shows Promise in Anal Canal CancerBrachytherapy Shows Promise in Anal Canal Cancer
In patients with anal canal cancer, a brachytherapy boost after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy allows high local control ... Prior to this period, the standard definitive treatment for carcinoma of the anal canal was abdominoperineal resection, which ... GENEVA, Switzerland - In patients with anal canal cancer, a brachytherapy boost after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy leads ... Cite this: Brachytherapy Shows Promise in Anal Canal Cancer - Medscape - Apr 24, 2013. ...
https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/803033
Method to determine tissue optical properties in anal canal during photodynamic therapy | (2020) | Li | Publications | SpieMethod to determine tissue optical properties in anal canal during photodynamic therapy | (2020) | Li | Publications | Spie
Method to determine tissue optical properties in anal canal during photodynamic therapy Author(s): Andrew C. Li; Yi Hong Ong; ... We developed a model for optical properties determination for anal PDT from measurements of light fluence rate inside a ... Determination of in-vivo tissue optical properties for anal photodynamic therapy (PDT) is challenging due to the light ...
https://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Paper/10.1117/12.2546433
A phase II study of retifanlimab (INCMGA00012) in patients with squamous carcinoma of the anal canal who have progressed...A phase II study of retifanlimab (INCMGA00012) in patients with squamous carcinoma of the anal canal who have progressed...
A phase II study of retifanlimab (INCMGA00012) in patients with squamous carcinoma of the anal canal who have progressed ... Background: Locally advanced or metastatic squamous carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) has poor prognosis following platinum- ...
https://pure.au.dk/portal/da/publications/a-phase-ii-study-of-retifanlimab-incmga00012-in-patients-with-squamous-carcinoma-of-the-anal-canal-who-have-progressed-following-platinumbased-chemotherapy-pod1um202
Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Anal Canal and it's Relation to Anal Disease - Fingerprint - the UWA Profiles and...
Dive into the research topics of Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Anal Canal and its Relation to Anal Disease. Together ... Human Papillomavirus Infection of the Anal Canal and its Relation to Anal Disease. ...
https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/human-papillomavirus-infection-of-the-anal-canal-and-its-relation/fingerprints/
IP11 - Anal canalIP11 - Anal canal
Anal cancer. Anal cancer is a rare condition, primarily treated with radiotherapy, which is given in three Danish centers. The ... The continuous work of the PLAN-A analysis will allow us to assign Danish anal cancer patients to relevant clinical trials ... The here presented study proposal is a part of an overall national strategy covering broad aspects of anal cancer research. A ... The multidisciplinary cancer group Danish Anal Cancer Group (DACG), has been established in 2017 and is responsible for ...
https://www.straaleterapi.dk/en/research/clinical-research-projects/ip11-anal-canal/
Diagnosis and treatment of the anal canal polyp in TashkentDiagnosis and treatment of the anal canal polyp in Tashkent
... Effective treatment, the right approach, professional support and ... Diagnosis and treatment of the anal canal polyp Anal polyp - benign neoplasms in the lumen of the anal canal or rectum, which ... anal itching.. Blood, pain, and indigestion can be symptoms of other illnesses as well. Therefore, it is important to consult a ... Symptoms begin to appear with a large size of the anal polyp. Among them:. - blood and mucous discharge from the anus;. - black ...
https://gmed.uz/en/item-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-the-anal-canal-polyp
IMSEAR at SEARO: Malignant Melanoma of Anal Canal - A Diagnostic Dilemma
Malignant Melanoma of Anal Canal - A Diagnostic Dilemma. Authors: Siddiqui, Bushra. Faridi, Shahbaz Habib. Ahmad, Syed Shamshad ... Malignant Melanoma of Anal Canal - A Diagnostic Dilemma. International Archives of BioMedical and Clinical Research. 2016 Apr- ... Histopathological examination (HPE) was pointing towards anal malignant melanoma, which was further confirmed by positive ...
https://imsear.searo.who.int/handle/123456789/184082
Watch Canal Anal Rosemary Must Own Girl PXXBAY XXX 1080 mp4Watch Canal Anal Rosemary Must Own Girl PXXBAY XXX 1080 mp4
Watch video Canal Anal Rosemary Must Own Girl PXXBAY XXX 1080 mp4 ...
https://vidoza.net/278gf4w6udr3.html
Glossary of the Digestive System | Learn Digestive AnatomyGlossary of the Digestive System | Learn Digestive Anatomy
Anus (Anal canal). Pars analis recti. The anal canal is the inferior portion of the rectum of the large intestine and the ... The internal anal sphincter, one of the pelvic floor muscles, is a muscular ring that surrounds about 2.5 cm of the anal canal ... External anal sphincter. The external anal sphincter, one of the pelvic floor muscles, is a circular sphincter muscle in the ... Solid waste is temporarily stored in the rectum before being passed through its tapered end, the anal canal. ...
https://www.visiblebody.com/learn/digestive/glossary
Resting and squeeze pressures in anal canal decrease | The Digital Ageing Atlas
Resting and squeeze pressures in anal canal decrease. Physiological Data Availability. Period at which this change occurs is ...
https://active-seti.info/atlas/change/DAA861/
Printable Anatomy Posters (High Res) | Rectum & Anal Canal | The Comical Anatomist Shop
Anal Canal Respiratory System Semicircular Canal Severs disease Small Intestine Stomach Tibia Tympanic Membrane ureter urethra ... Anal Canal Respiratory System Semicircular Canal Severs disease Small Intestine social media Stomach Tibia Trachea Tympanic ... Printable Anatomy Posters (High Res) - Items tagged as "Rectum & anal canal". Need to osmose some hilarious anatomical ... Ear Canal Ebook Esophagus Eye feet Femur Fibula Foot Gallbladder glomerulus hilum Home is where your heart is Innervation JPEG ...
https://thecomicalanatomistshop.com/collections/a4-high-resolution-pdf-digital-downloads/rectum-anal-canal
Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Long-term resultsIleal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Long-term results
The combined operative morbidity rate for the pouch-anal anastomosis and the subsequent cl … ... this study was to determine the long-term outcome among 390 patients with ulcerative colitis who underwent ileal J pouch-anal ... Anal Canal / surgery* * Anastomosis, Surgical / adverse effects * Anastomosis, Surgical / methods * Colitis, Ulcerative / ... Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. Long-term results Ann Surg. 1987 Oct;206(4):504-13. doi: 10.1097/ ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3662660/?dopt=Abstract
Hemorrhoidectomy - HealthLibrary
Narrowing of the anal canal. *Loss of bowel or bladder control. Things that may raise the risk of problems are: *Smoking ...
http://healthlibrary.epnet.com/GetContent.aspx?token=3e5dbc25-ab4e-4419-a847-31a4e7a92e96&chunkiid=102812
Anoscopy: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaAnoscopy: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
The anal canal appears normal in size, color, and tone. There is no sign of: *Bleeding ... Anal fissures - anoscopy; Anal polyps - anoscopy; Foreign object in the anus - anoscopy; Hemorrhoids - anoscopy; Anal warts - ... Downs JM, Kudlow B. Anal diseases. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger and Fordtrans Gastrointestinal and ... Anal fissures (small split or tear in the lining of the anus) ... Anal polyps (growth on the lining of the anus). *Foreign object ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003890.htm
Rectum: Defintion, function, and anatomyRectum: Defintion, function, and anatomy
... the intrarectal pressure causes the anal canal walls to dilate and expand, allowing feces to enter the anal canal. ... Anal canal: The anus is the final portion of the large intestine. It helps a person have bowel movements. ... which connects to the anal canal. The role of the ampulla is to act as a temporary storehouse for feces before its release via ... of the rectum is between the sigmoid section of the colon and the anal canal. The rectum contains two major flexures, or bends ...
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/rectum
Cancerul de canal anal - aspecte legate de diagnostic și tratament, Endometrial cancer of the lymph nodes
Metodologie de elaborare3. J Magn Reson Imaging ; Journal of BUON ; 19 4 :
http://cysoft.ro/1450-endometrial-cancer-of-the-lymph-nodes.php
Carboplatin-paclitaxel With Retifanlimab or Placebo in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Cell Anal...Carboplatin-paclitaxel With Retifanlimab or Placebo in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Cell Anal...
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal Drug: carboplatin Drug: paclitaxel Drug: retifanlimab Phase 3 ... or Placebo in Participants With Inoperable Locally Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal Not ... Carboplatin-paclitaxel With Retifanlimab or Placebo in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Cell Anal ... study of retifanlimab or placebo plus carboplatin-paclitaxel in patients with locally advanced or metastatic squamous cell anal ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04472429
What Is the Fastest Way To Get Rid of Genital Warts?What Is the Fastest Way To Get Rid of Genital Warts?
On the anus or anal canal. *On the cervix. *On the mouth ... anal, vaginal, and oral). There are no signs or symptoms of HPV ...
https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_fastest_way_to_get_rid_of_genital_warts/article.htm
Problems after anal cancer surgery | Cancer Research UKProblems after anal cancer surgery | Cancer Research UK
Possible problems after anal cancer surgery include a collection of puss (abscess) and slow wound healing. Find out more. ... Anal cancer main page. Anal cancer is cancer that starts in the anus. The anus is also called the anal canal. ... Home About cancer Anal cancer Treatment for anal cancer Surgery for anal cancer Problems after anal cancer surgery ... Types of surgery for anal cancer. You might have surgery for anal cancer if you have a very early cancer (stage 1) of the anal ...
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/anal-cancer/treatment/surgery/problems-after-surgery
A Case of Laparoscopic Uterine and Vaginal Resection for Local Recurrence after Abdominoperineal Resection for Anal Canal...A Case of Laparoscopic Uterine and Vaginal Resection for Local Recurrence after Abdominoperineal Resection for Anal Canal...
The pathological diagnosis was anal canal cancer, muc>por1>tub2, T3N1bM0, pStage â ¢b. One year after the surgery, she had a ... She visited our hospital with chief complaint of melena, and further evaluation revealed anal canal cancer. We performed robot- ... Neoplasias do Ânus; Neoplasias do Colo; Laparoscopia; Protectomia; Feminino; Humanos; Canal Anal/patologia; Tomografia por ... A Case of Laparoscopic Uterine and Vaginal Resection for Local Recurrence after Abdominoperineal Resection for Anal Canal ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/brasil/resource/pt/mdl-36927907
Anal Fissures: Causes and PreventionAnal Fissures: Causes and Prevention
Why Do People Get Anal Fissures?. Theyre caused by trauma or injury that stretches your anal canal. Reasons for this can ... These tips can help lessen constipation and strain on the anal canal. Check these habits regularly to lower your risk of ... How Do I Prevent Anal Fissures?. Once you have an anal fissure, youll definitely want to avoid getting another one, so follow ... Cleveland Clinic: "Anal Fissures.". UpToDate: "Patient information: Anal fissure (Beyond the Basics)," "Patient information: ...
https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/anal-fissure-causes
XI. Splanchnology. 2. The Digestive Apparatus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.XI. Splanchnology. 2. The Digestive Apparatus. Gray, Henry. 1918. Anatomy of the Human Body.
Finally the small intestine ends in the large intestine, which is made up of cecum, colon, rectum, and anal canal, the last ... The Rectum and Anal Canal.-The hind-gut is at first prolonged backward into the body-stalk as the tube of the allantois; but, ... The anal canal is formed by an invagination of the ectoderm behind the urorectal septum. This invagination is termed the ... 993). A small part of the hind-gut projects backward beyond the anal membrane; it is named the post-anal gut (Fig. 991), and ...
https://www.bartleby.com/107/241.html
Fisura anal: anatomía, patogenia y tratamientoFisura anal: anatomía, patogenia y tratamiento
... anal canal, which is 2 cm long, extends from the anal verge to the dentate line. The "surgical" or "functional" anal canal is ... The anal canal is lined with four different types of epithelium (Figure 2). The most proximal lining of the anal canal is a ... The anal verge marks the lowermost edge of the anal canal, distal to the anal verge the lining becomes thicker, pigmented and ... Anal canal. The anal canal, the terminal part of the large intestine, is a complex anatomical structure which accommodated to ...
http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2250-639X2020000400388&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en
anal region - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Databaseanal region - Ontology Report - Rat Genome Database
anal canal +. 0. anal fold. 0. anal membrane. 0. anal membrane ectodermal component +. 0. ...
https://rgd.mcw.edu/rgdweb/ontology/annot.html?acc_id=UBERON:0001353
Evaluation of Anorectal Disorders - Gastrointestinal Disorders - Merck Manuals Professional EditionEvaluation of Anorectal Disorders - Gastrointestinal Disorders - Merck Manuals Professional Edition
The anal canal begins at the anal verge and ends at the anorectal junction (pectinate line, mucocutaneous junction, dentate ... The canal is lined with anoderm, a continuation of the external skin. The anal canal and adjacent skin are innervated by ... Anal fissure Anal Fissure An anal fissure is an acute longitudinal tear or a chronic ovoid ulcer in the squamous epithelium of ... Anal cancer Anal Cancer Anal cancer accounts for an estimated 8590 cases and about 1350 deaths in the US annually ( 1). The ...
https://www.merckmanuals.com/en-pr/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/anorectal-disorders/evaluation-of-anorectal-disorders
Pediatric Fistula-in-Ano Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging StudiesPediatric Fistula-in-Ano Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies
The communication is usually between the anal canal and the perineal skin. ... high anal, and 5 = pelvirectal. * Anatomy of anal canal and perianal space. ... Types of anal fistula in the standard classification: 1 = subcutaneous, 2 = submucous, 3 = low anal, 4 = ... Liaqat N, Iqbal A, Dar SH, Liaqat F. Video Assisted Anal Fistula Treatment in a Child with Perianal Fistula. APSP J Case Rep. ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/935312-workup
Oral Anti-Cancer Medicines - HSE.ieOral Anti-Cancer Medicines - HSE.ie
Treatment of anal canal carcinoma. Modified CyBorD/ Bortezomib, Cyclophosphamide and Dexamethasone -Weekly Therapy ...
https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/5/cancer/profinfo/chemoprotocols/oral-anti-cancer-medicines/
RectumAnusHemorrhoidsFistulaDentate lineAbscessExtends from the anal vergeRisk factors for anal cancerGlandsPatients with anal fissuresEtiology of anal fissuresIleal pouch-anal anastomosisChronicPerianal skinConstipationCarcinomaSphinctersHelp prevent analPrevent Anal FissuresInfectionAnorectalSquamousCancerFound that analMucosaStoolsVeinsMucous membraneIntercourseBowelSymptomsStoolAnatomicalTissueDistalSphincter muscleProlapseFissures healPainfulDiarrhea2020DefecationAcuteAnatomyMalignanciesVerge marksOccurSuperficialPolypsDiseasesAnodermSurgeryAlimentary canalAnatomicTreatmentColon
Rectum14
  • Anal polyp - benign neoplasms in the lumen of the anal canal or rectum, which consist of epithelial cells or connective tissue, are called anal polyps. (gmed.uz)
  • The position of the rectum is between the sigmoid section of the colon and the anal canal. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • At the end of the rectum is a section called the rectal ampulla , which connects to the anal canal. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • An anal abscess is a collection of pus in the tissue surrounding the anus or rectum. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • The internal anal sphincter is a smooth muscle that is the most distal extension of the inner circular smooth muscle of the colon and the rectum. (medscape.com)
  • The rectum descends along the curve of the sacrum and becomes the anal canal at the dentate line. (medscape.com)
  • Haemorrhoids or piles are one of the most common anal conditions that occur due to swelling of veins in the anus and lower rectum. (sooperarticles.com)
  • Anal cancer is an uncommon type of cancer that occurs in the anal canal, the opening at the end of the rectum. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Bleeding coming from the anal canal is often lumped with bleeding coming from the rectum or higher up in the colon as bleeding per rectum. (surgery-home.com)
  • Anal canal bleeding, not uncommonly cause bleeding into the toilet or on the surface of faeces, but then it would not be possible to distinguish this from bleeding per rectum. (surgery-home.com)
  • Examination should always include a thorough inspection of the perianal area for any skin lesions such as perianal dermatitis or the external opening of fistulae as well as a thorough digital rectal examination of the anal canal and rectum. (surgery-home.com)
  • This usually suggest a source of bleeding in the anal canal or rectum. (surgery-home.com)
  • Treatment is usually surgical by closing the fistula tract (VVF) or re-implanting the ureter in the bladder wall (UVF).Rectal / Fecal Fistula & Complete Perineal Tear:Recto-vag fistula - (RVF): An abnormal communication between rectum and vagina, due to trauma, accidents, or by delivery of large size baby tearing the vagina, perineum, and anal canal on its way out. (amrseifeldin.com)
  • Malignant neoplasms of colon, rectum and anus (C18-C21) as the underlying cause of death includes the following International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes: malignant neoplasm of colon (C18), malignant neoplasm of rectosigmoid junction (C19), malignant neoplasm of rectum (C20), and malignant neoplasm of anus and anal canal (C21). (cdc.gov)
Anus11
  • The alimentary canal is a musculomembranous tube that extends from the mouth to the anus. (visiblebody.com)
  • An anal fissure is a cut or a tear in the thin, delicate lining of your anus . (webmd.com)
  • The tear often exposes the muscle around the anus, called the anal sphincter. (webmd.com)
  • Less often, having anal sex or putting things into your anus can overstretch the skin and cause a fissure. (webmd.com)
  • Too much pressure, tight anal sphincter muscles, and poor blood supply to your anus may lead to their development and poor healing. (webmd.com)
  • The Digestive Tube ( alimentary canal ) is a musculomembranous tube, about 9 metres long, extending from the mouth to the anus, and lined throughout its entire extent by mucous membrane. (bartleby.com)
  • A perianal, or anal, or per anus , fistula is defined as an anomalous pathway linking two epithelia from different origins. (scielo.br)
  • The anal canal opens at the anus in the perineum. (medscape.com)
  • The infection may stay in the space between the sphincters (the intersphincteric space), may spread down to the skin around the anus (perianal skin), or may extend through the external anal sphincter. (iffgd.org)
  • The superficial PFM ( ischiocavernosus , bulbocavernosus , transverse perineal , anal sphincter ) are situated under the surface of the external genitals and anus. (healthdoc13.com)
  • Classic Pink Butt", which is modeled after an anus and is targeted towards men wanting to simulate the sensations of anal sex. (fleshreviews.com)
Hemorrhoids10
  • First-degree hemorrhoids protrude into the anal canal and bleed slightly. (salon.com)
  • Binderow explained I had third degree hemorrhoids and an anal fissure, which was in worse shape than the hemorrhoids. (salon.com)
  • Since they're both caused by the same activity, anal fissures and hemorrhoids tend to come in pairs. (salon.com)
  • You may become confused about the difference between ANAL FISSURES and HEMORRHOIDS. (amoils.com)
  • It may cause small, hard stools and sometimes anal problems such as fissures and hemorrhoids. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Hemorrhoids are dilated veins in the anal canal, structural disease. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Internal hemorrhoids are blood vessels on the inside of your anal opening. (clevelandclinic.org)
  • Hemorrhoids are caused by swelling in the anal or rectal veins. (rxlist.com)
  • As many as 20% of patients with hemorrhoids will have concomitant anal fissures. (medscape.com)
  • Also known as hemorrhoids, these are masses, clumps or cushions of soft tissues in the anal canal. (blessayurveda.com)
Fistula15
  • state that "Anal fissure and fistula have the same etiopathogenesis: infection of the anal glands" 1 . (scielo.org.ar)
  • Anatomical characteristics of anal fistula evaluated by three-dimensional anorectal ultrasonography: is there a correlation with Goodsall's theory? (scielo.br)
  • We aimed to correlate the course of the anal fistula tract (T), location of the external opening (EO) and internal opening (IO) in anterior (A) and posterior (P) circumference using 3D-US according to Goodsall's rule. (scielo.br)
  • What is an anal fistula? (iffgd.org)
  • An anal fistula (fistula-in-ano) is a connection between the anal canal and the skin. (iffgd.org)
  • In order to understand the cause, treatment, and complications of therapy for fistula-in-ano, an understanding of the anatomy of the anal canal is necessary. (iffgd.org)
  • Diagnosis of a fistula-in-ano rests on identifying the external opening on the perianal skin and the internal opening in the anal canal. (iffgd.org)
  • A fistula-in-ano always traverses or passes through a portion of the internal anal sphincter and usually some, if not all, of the external anal sphincter. (iffgd.org)
  • Treatment of an anal fistula requires surgery in an operating room under general or regional anesthesia. (iffgd.org)
  • An anal fistula is one of the problems faced by the majority of the population today. (sooperarticles.com)
  • Can i exercise with an anal fistula? (healthtap.com)
  • Exercise is unlikely to change the course of an anal fistula. (healthtap.com)
  • If you have an anal fistula, you should have it corrected by a board certified colorecta. (healthtap.com)
  • Is surgery for an anal fistula more painful than just leaving the fistula alone? (healthtap.com)
  • [1] Complications may include anal fistula formation and fecal incontinence . (mdwiki.org)
Dentate line9
  • The anatomic anal canal is only approximately 2 cm long and extends from the anal verge distally to the dentate line proximally. (medscape.com)
  • The dentate line is the junction of the ectoderm and endoderm in the anal canal. (medscape.com)
  • The anal verge is an anocutaneous line approximately 2 cm distal to the dentate line. (medscape.com)
  • Anal fissure, also known as fissure-in-ano, is a common anal pathology characterized by a linear tear of the anal mucosa, distal to the dentate line ( Figure 1 ). (scielo.org.ar)
  • The "anatomical" or "embryological" anal canal, which is 2 cm long, extends from the anal verge to the dentate line. (scielo.org.ar)
  • This layer extends to about 1 cm proximal to the dentate line, where the anal transition zone begins. (scielo.org.ar)
  • Below the dentate line, the cutaneous part of the anal canal arises and consists of modified squamous epithelium, which lacks hair or glands. (scielo.org.ar)
  • The anal canal begins at the anal verge and ends at the anorectal junction (pectinate line, mucocutaneous junction, dentate line), where there are 8 to 12 anal crypts and 5 to 8 papillae. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Anal glands located between the layers of the internal and external anal sphincters empty into the anal canal at the level of the dentate line. (iffgd.org)
Abscess6
  • Possible problems after anal cancer surgery include a collection of puss (abscess) and slow wound healing. (cancerresearchuk.org)
  • For patient education resources, see the Digestive Disorders Center , as well as Anal Abscess , Rectal Pain , and Rectal Bleeding . (medscape.com)
  • Nearly all anal fistulae are a result of an anorectal abscess. (iffgd.org)
  • An anorectal abscess begins with infection in one of the anal glands. (iffgd.org)
  • New-onset anal pain in the absence of a thrombosed hemorrhoid should prompt investigation for an alternate cause, such as an intersphincteric abscess or anal fissure. (medscape.com)
  • Any area of the body that becomes infected can eventually cause an abscess to form such as anal gland abscess, bite wound abscess, prostatic abscess, or brain abscess from inner ear or sinus infection. (companionpetvet.com)
Extends from the anal verge2
  • The surgical anal canal is approximately 4 cm long and extends from the anal verge or intersphincteric groove distally to the anorectal ring, proximally. (medscape.com)
  • The "surgical" or "functional" anal canal is longer, roughly 4 cm, and extends from the anal verge to the anorectal ring ( Figure 2 ). (scielo.org.ar)
Risk factors for anal cancer1
  • Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the major risk factors for anal cancer. (cancerconnect.com)
Glands3
  • The anal verge marks the lowermost edge of the anal canal, distal to the anal verge the lining becomes thicker, pigmented and contains features of normal skin such as hair follicles and apocrine glands. (scielo.org.ar)
  • the liver and pancreas, two large glands in the abdomen, the secretions of which, in addition to that of numerous minute glands in the walls of the alimentary canal, assist in the process of digestion. (bartleby.com)
  • They can develop in many areas of the body including around tooth roots, anal glands, under the skin, or in the liver. (companionpetvet.com)
Patients with anal fissures2
  • Most patients with anal fissures have an elevated resting pressure, which returns to normal levels after surgical sphincterotomy. (medscape.com)
  • While many studies have shown that patients with anal fissures have an increased pressure within the anal canal, though it is unclear which preceded beforehand, the presence of the fissure or the increased anal pressure. (scielo.org.ar)
Etiology of anal fissures2
  • The exact etiology of anal fissures is unknown, but the initiating factor is thought to be trauma from the passage of a particularly hard or painful bowel movement. (medscape.com)
  • The etiology of anal fissures is still debated. (scielo.org.ar)
Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis4
  • Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for chronic ulcerative colitis. (nih.gov)
  • In conclusion, ileal pouch-anal anastomosis achieved a reasonable stool frequency and satisfactory continence in patients with ulcerative colitis over the long-term. (nih.gov)
  • These results support the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis as a safe, satisfactory alternative to permanent ileostomy. (nih.gov)
  • Another procedure that is sometimes necessary is called a J-Pouch, or ileal pouch anal-anastomosis (IPAA). (coloncleansers.net)
Chronic7
  • In patients with underlying abnormalities of the internal sphincter, however, these injuries progress to acute and chronic anal fissures. (medscape.com)
  • The chronicity of the fissure may also be differentiated by gross appearance where acute fissures show a simple tear in the anoderm as compared to chronic anal fissures where muscle fibers of the internal anal sphincter can be seen. (scielo.org.ar)
  • However, some anal fissures become chronic and deep and will not heal. (mdwiki.org)
  • Non-surgical treatments are recommended initially for acute and chronic anal fissures. (mdwiki.org)
  • If the pain is milder, it may be secondary to subacute or acute on chronic fissure, complicated haemorrhoids, but anal canal cancer may present with some anal discomfort. (surgery-home.com)
  • According to Dr. Purnendu Bhowmik, laser fissure surgery in Kolkata is the most effective treatment for chronic anal fissure. (clinicahealth.in)
  • An anal fissure that lasts longer than eight weeks is considered chronic and is more likely to have a deeper tear and fleshy growths on the inside or outside. (clinicahealth.in)
Perianal skin2
  • A hollow cavity is created in the anal canal and the perianal skin. (sooperarticles.com)
  • Bleeding from causes in the perianal skin such as anal fistulae or dermatitis (the latter usually associated with pruritis ani) 4. (surgery-home.com)
Constipation1
  • These tips can help lessen constipation and strain on the anal canal. (webmd.com)
Carcinoma5
  • The findings of this retrospective review highlight the role of brachytherapy in the multidisciplinary management of anal carcinoma," said José Luis López Guerra, MD, PhD, from the Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío in Seville, Spain. (medscape.com)
  • Background: Locally advanced or metastatic squamous carcinoma of the anal canal (SCAC) has poor prognosis following platinum-based chemotherapy. (au.dk)
  • Carboplatin-paclitaxel With Retifanlimab or Placebo in Participants With Locally Advanced or Metastatic Squamous Cell Anal Carcinoma (POD1UM-303/InterAACT 2). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Nearly 90% of anal cancers are caused by HPV and the most common type of anal cancer is squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA), which accounts for about 85 percent of cases. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Changing patterns of anal canal carcinoma in the United States. (cancerconnect.com)
Sphincters2
  • In patients with hypertrophied internal anal sphincters, this delicate blood supply is further compromised, thus rendering the posterior midline of the anal canal relatively ischemic. (medscape.com)
  • It will be the perfect dirty little secret that will heat you up and open up your sphincters in preparation for wild, unbridled anal sex at the end of the day! (loveplugs.ca)
Help prevent anal1
Prevent Anal Fissures1
Infection3
  • For example, a person may acquire a sexually transmitted infection (STI) after engaging in anal sex. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • All patients should be asked about anal intercourse and other possible causes of trauma and infection. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Rates of new anal cancer diagnoses and deaths related to human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common sexually transmitted infection, have increased dramatically over the last 15 years, according to a study published in November, 2019. (cancerconnect.com)
Anorectal2
  • However, to date, most authors believe that trauma to the anoderm, whether from passage of hard or large stool, irritation from frequent stools or diarrhea, anorectal surgery or anal instrumentation are the preceding causes 2 . (scielo.org.ar)
  • Venous drainage from the anal canal occurs through the caval system, but the anorectal junction can drain into both the portal and caval systems. (merckmanuals.com)
Squamous1
  • Anal cancers are relatively rare malignancies, most of which occur as squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the anal tract. (cdc.gov)
Cancer31
  • GENEVA, Switzerland - In patients with anal canal cancer, a brachytherapy boost after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy leads to high local control rates with acceptable toxicity, according to a new study. (medscape.com)
  • This is the "fourth largest population of anal cancer patients treated with brachytherapy boost, with the longest follow-up evaluated in the literature," said Laetitia Lestrade, MD, from the Radiation Oncology Department at the Centre Léon Bérard in Lyon, France. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Lestrade presented results from a retrospective analysis of 209 patients (median age, 65 years) with a histologic diagnosis of anal cancer who were treated at a single institution from 1992 to 2009. (medscape.com)
  • Dr. Lopez Guerra has published a 20-year follow-up of anal cancer brachytherapy ( Clin Transl Oncol . (medscape.com)
  • Anal cancer is a rare condition, primarily treated with radiotherapy, which is given in three Danish centers. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • The Danish Anal Cancer Group (DACG) was established in 2017 and is developing a national research strategy, including a study flow for optimized individualized radiotherapy, based on studies of individual risk for substantial side effects and sensitivity for radiotherapy. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • The overall aim of this research proposal is to improve the outcome, provide individualized therapy and increase the awareness for anal cancer patients in Denmark. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • The multidisciplinary cancer group Danish Anal Cancer Group (DACG), has been established in 2017 and is responsible for revision of treatment guidelines and establishing a national database for treatment outcome, and the close cooperation between the three centers gives a unique opportunity to expand the work to an overall national research strategy, building on local expertise in different fields of anal cancer treatment. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • The here presented study proposal is a part of an overall national strategy covering broad aspects of anal cancer research. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • A larger funding application is under development to cover the full program, and the IP 11 will support the WP1 during 2018-2019 , with the aim to collect, extend and analyse data from a national cohort of anal cancer patients undergoing curative radiotherapy in DK (PLAN-A). The overall purpose is to design individualised treatment options based on relevant outcome and toxicity data. (straaleterapi.dk)
  • You might have surgery for anal cancer if you have a very early cancer (stage 1) of the anal margin. (cancerresearchuk.org)
  • A Case of Laparoscopic Uterine and Vaginal Resection for Local Recurrence after Abdominoperineal Resection for Anal Canal Cancer]. (bvsalud.org)
  • She visited our hospital with chief complaint of melena , and further evaluation revealed anal canal cancer . (bvsalud.org)
  • The pathological diagnosis was anal canal cancer , muc>por1>tub2, T3N1bM0, pStage â ¢b. (bvsalud.org)
  • Based on the result of pathological examination, the patient was diagnosed with ascending colon cancer (tub1, pT1bN1aM0, pStage â ¢a), and recurrence of anal canal cancer . (bvsalud.org)
  • Anal Cancer Rates Appear to Be On the Rise in the U.S. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Anal cancer rates and mortality have risen dramatically among Americans - is it time for screening and HPV vaccination? (cancerconnect.com)
  • Anal cancer occurs where the gastrointestinal tract ends and is different from colon or rectal cancer due to the cell type and location where cancer develops. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Anal cancer is often neglected and stigmatized, despite high-profile deaths such as actress Farrah Fawcett of "Charlie's Angels" fame and the revelation of an anal cancer diagnosis by former "Desperate Housewives" star Marcia Cross, whose husband also developed throat cancer linked to HPV. (cancerconnect.com)
  • In the current report researchers evaluated 68,809 cases of anal cancer that were diagnosed between 2001 and 2016 in the United States. (cancerconnect.com)
  • They found that anal cancer rates and mortality increased by nearly 3% per year. (cancerconnect.com)
  • The study also found that anal cancer diagnoses, particularly advanced stage disease, and anal cancer mortality rates had more than doubled for people in their 50s and 60s and that new diagnoses among black men born after the mid-1980s increased five-fold compared to those born in the mid-1940s. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Screening and early detection for anal cancer is uncommon and not currently performed, except in certain high-risk groups. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Individuals at a higher risk of developing anal cancer, include gay men, individuals with multiple sex partners over their lifetime, individuals with genital warts, and those who have had anal intercourse. (cancerconnect.com)
  • Sandostatin Ineffective in Preventing Diarrhea in Anal and Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Chemoradiotherapy. (cancerconnect.com)
  • [1] Other causes include diarrhea , sexually transmitted infections , inflammatory bowel disease , childbirth , HIV/AIDS , anal cancer , and anal sex . (mdwiki.org)
  • Conduct a representative survey of Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and its genotype distribution in invasive anal cancer specimens in the U.S. (cdc.gov)
  • Population-based archival anal cancer specimens were identified from Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana and Michigan cancer registries and SEER tissue repositories in Hawaii, Iowa and Los Angeles. (cdc.gov)
  • Among 146 unique invasive anal cancer cases, 93 (63.7%) were from women and 53 (36.3%) from men. (cdc.gov)
  • According to 2009 NPCR/SEER combined data, the incident rate for invasive anal cancer in the U.S. was 1.8 per 100,000, totaling 2236 cases in males (rate 1.5) and 3692 among females (rate 2.1) annually ( 1 ). (cdc.gov)
  • To meet this surveillance objective, population-based sampling of anal cancer tissue from US central state registries was conducted to determine the type-specific HPV prevalence in these cases. (cdc.gov)
Found that anal1
  • Kervran also found that anal fissures listed here since i can remember. (dridiesel.com)
Mucosa4
  • An anal fissure (see the images below) is a painful linear tear or crack in the distal anal canal, which, in the short term, usually involves only the epithelium and, in the long term, involves the full thickness of the anal mucosa. (medscape.com)
  • Initial minor tears in the anal mucosa due to a hard bowel movement probably occur often. (medscape.com)
  • The most proximal lining of the anal canal is a single layer of cuboidal columnar cells, similar to rectal mucosa. (scielo.org.ar)
  • The most common cause of non-healing is spasming of the internal anal sphincter muscle which results in impaired blood supply to the anal mucosa. (mdwiki.org)
Stools6
  • If you're constipated , passing large, hard, or dry stools can cause an anal fissure. (webmd.com)
  • Watery stools can soften the tissues around them, and they also contain acid that can burn the raw anal area. (amoils.com)
  • Conscious relaxation is necessary for optimal function of your internal anal sphincter muscle, which is a ring of smooth muscle that helps keep your anal sphincter closed when you're not having a bowel movement, and also helps push stools out during defecation. (drbenkim.com)
  • By consciously straining to eliminate stools, you can actually disrupt the natural activity of your internal anal sphincter muscle. (drbenkim.com)
  • When stools are healthy, you don't need to generate momentum for a bowel movement by contracting your external anal sphincter muscle, but when stools are harder than they should be, it can be helpful to consciously contract your external anal sphincter muscle to get things moving. (drbenkim.com)
  • The key is to stop consciously contracting and to relax once stools begin to pass, as this allows your internal anal sphincter muscle to contribute to expulsion of feces. (drbenkim.com)
Veins3
  • They are like varicose veins, but of the tissue that lines the anal canal. (healthy.net)
  • If these veins become dilated and swollen, they can project into the anal. (healthy.net)
  • A painful condition where veins in anal region become varicose. (blessayurveda.com)
Mucous membrane1
  • Most anal fissures are caused by stretching of the anal mucous membrane beyond its capability. (mdwiki.org)
Intercourse2
  • Anal intercourse (AI) has been reported to be the riskiest among other sexual intercourses in spreading human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) and the risk could be minimized by the use of condoms . (bvsalud.org)
  • Heterosexual anal intercourse and condom use during the AI practice is generally an under-studied subject in Sub-Saharan Africa . (bvsalud.org)
Bowel3
  • If the sphincter muscle does not relax and the anal canal remains too tight, the fissure opens again with each bowel movement. (upmc.com)
  • These tears or ulcers in the lining of the anal canal are most often caused by trauma such as a hard bowel movement. (amoils.com)
  • You can also protect your anal canal by lubricating it before each bowel movement. (amoils.com)
Symptoms1
  • Symptoms begin to appear with a large size of the anal polyp. (gmed.uz)
Stool6
  • Prior anal surgery is a predisposing factor because scarring from the surgery may cause either stenosis or tethering of the anal canal, which makes it more susceptible to trauma from hard stool. (medscape.com)
  • In addition, each time stool passes, the muscle goes into spasm, tightening the anal canal. (upmc.com)
  • The anal opening was not made to accommodate a large hard stool which can tear at the anal canal. (amoils.com)
  • Having your feet up on a squatty potty or stool so that you are in a squat-like position and holding a warm or hot compress (folded up hand towel works well) to your anal sphincter for a few minutes while in this position can help a great deal. (drbenkim.com)
  • With all of that said, if hardened stool is stuck as it is exiting your anal sphincter, it can be helpful to apply a natural lubricant around your sphincter. (drbenkim.com)
  • While wearing a disposable glove, beyond lubricating the anal sphincter with a natural lubricant like coconut oil, it might also be necessary to use a finger to manually remove bits of stool. (drbenkim.com)
Anatomical1
  • The anal canal, the terminal part of the large intestine, is a complex anatomical structure which accommodated to its vital role in continence. (scielo.org.ar)
Tissue3
  • Determination of in-vivo tissue optical properties for anal photodynamic therapy (PDT) is challenging due to the light integrating-sphere effect in an enclosed cylindrical cavity. (spie.org)
  • We developed a model for optical properties determination for anal PDT from measurements of light fluence rate inside a cylindrical cavity submerged in tissue-mimicking liquid phantoms. (spie.org)
  • Anal bleeding (meaning bleeding coming from the anal canal only) is characteristically on the tissue paper ONLY and is described as pink or bright red in colour. (surgery-home.com)
Distal1
Sphincter muscle2
  • Sometimes fissures may deepen to reach the underlying sphincter muscle (the muscle around the anal canal). (upmc.com)
  • Your internal anal sphincter muscle is entirely involuntary, meaning that it works without your conscious input. (drbenkim.com)
Prolapse1
  • Rectal prolapse is a condition where part or all of the rectal wall falls through the anal sphincter, which is the seal that contains the rectal contents. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Fissures heal1
  • The good news is that some 60% of anal fissures heal within a few weeks. (amoils.com)
Painful4
  • This spasm has two effects: First, it is painful in itself, and second, it further reduces the blood flow to the posterior midline and the anal fissure, contributing to the poor healing rate. (medscape.com)
  • The anal canal and adjacent skin are innervated by somatic sensory nerves and are highly susceptible to painful stimuli. (merckmanuals.com)
  • In cases of painful anal lesions, topical ( lidocaine 5% ointment), regional, or even general anesthesia may be required. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Anal fissures may be itchy as well as painful, but resist the temptation to scratch with sharp fingernails which can further aggravate the tender skin. (amoils.com)
Diarrhea1
  • [12] Similarly, prompt treatment of diarrhea may reduce anal strain. (mdwiki.org)
20201
  • A scoping review of English language published articles on condom use during heterosexual anal sex , whose studies were conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa from January 2010 to May 2020 was conducted. (bvsalud.org)
Defecation1
  • Careful anal hygiene after defecation, including using soft toilet paper and cleaning with water, plus the use of sanitary wipes. (mdwiki.org)
Acute1
  • An anal fissure is considered acute if it recently happened or if you've had it less than 6 weeks. (webmd.com)
Anatomy3
  • A thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the anal canal is vital for effective surgical treatment of an anal fissure. (medscape.com)
  • Figure 2 Anal canal anatomy. (scielo.org.ar)
  • In this review we will focus on the sphincter muscles, which knowledge of their anatomy is essential for surgeons treating anal fissures. (scielo.org.ar)
Malignancies1
  • While incidence is relatively low, the number of anal malignancies has steadily increased over the past three decades ( 2 ). (cdc.gov)
Verge marks1
  • The anal verge marks the beginning of the anal canal. (medscape.com)
Occur2
  • When does an Anal Fissure occur? (upmc.com)
  • Internal piles occur in the inner rectal or anal canal. (laserpiles.com)
Superficial1
  • An anal fissure is a break or superficial tear in the skin of the anal canal . (mdwiki.org)
Polyps1
  • Anal polyps must be removed to prevent their growth, complications and malignant transformation. (gmed.uz)
Diseases2
Anoderm2
  • The canal is lined with anoderm, a continuation of the external skin. (merckmanuals.com)
  • Normal corrugation of the anoderm and a normal anal wink with stimulation confirms intact sensation. (medscape.com)
Surgery4
  • If an anal fissure doesn't improve with these treatments, you may need surgery. (amoils.com)
  • The distinction is however important as anal canal bleeding can be diagnosed effectively in the GP surgery setting and only need referral to a specialist if the cause does not respond to conservative outpatient measures or if the GP discovers a problem requiring surgery. (surgery-home.com)
  • These worries were common when conventional surgery was the norm to cure anal fissures. (clinicahealth.in)
  • If you need any additional information about anal fissure and laser surgery, visit https://www.clinicahealth.in/laser-surgery-for-fissure/ . (clinicahealth.in)
Alimentary canal4
  • The oral cavity (mouth) is an oval-shaped cavity located anterior to the pharynx at the beginning of the alimentary canal, where the process of digestion is initiated. (visiblebody.com)
  • The pharynx functions as part of the alimentary canal and as an airway in the upper respiratory system. (visiblebody.com)
  • it is the narrowest part of the alimentary canal. (visiblebody.com)
  • Accessory organs to the alimentary canal include the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. (bionity.com)
Anatomic2
  • 4 ). Anal histology shares common anatomic characteristics with the cervix, including a transformation zone where most HPV-associated neoplastic transformation occurs. (cdc.gov)
  • A systematic full case selection of anatomic regions coded as anal canal was pursued depending on specimen availability. (cdc.gov)
Treatment2
  • Laser treatment of anal fissures is the most advanced and safest technique available. (clinicahealth.in)
  • If you have been suffering from anal fissures for a long time, laser treatment can help you get back to your normal lifestyle in no time. (clinicahealth.in)
Colon4
  • Los divertículos son bolsas que se forman en las paredes del colon, normalmente en la parte izquierda o colon sigmoide, pero pueden abarcar todo el colon. (fascrs.org)
  • Se cree que consumir una dieta baja en fibra durante varios años crea mayor presión en el colon y forma bolsas o divertículos. (fascrs.org)
  • Consumir más fibra alimenticia (granos, legumbres, verduras, etc.) y, a veces, limitar el consumo de ciertos alimentos reduce la presión en el colon y puede disminuir el riesgo de complicaciones debidas a la enfermedad diverticular. (fascrs.org)
  • Terminal ileum (49 cases) was the most common site of involvement followed by appendix (9), jejunum (5), anal canal (4), caecum (3) and colon (2). (who.int)
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