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AmylopectinAmyloseStarch Synthase1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching EnzymeStarchIsoamylaseMaltoseGlycogen Debranching Enzyme SystemGlucosyltransferasesPhosphotransferases (Paired Acceptors)Glucansalpha-AmylasesDextrinsTrisaccharidesStarch PhosphorylaseEndospermSolanum tuberosumZea maysGlycogen Storage Disease Type IVBacteroidaceaeEncyclopedias as TopicSolubilityManihotViscosityBuffaloesBloggingBreadDatabases, FactualFood SafetyNational Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)Safety ManagementMedical ErrorsResearchHospital Shared Services
Amylopectin
A highly branched glucan in starch.
Amylose
An unbranched glucan in starch.
Starch Synthase
An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of glucose from ADPglucose to glucose-containing polysaccharides in 1,4-alpha-linkages. EC 2.4.1.21.
1,4-alpha-Glucan Branching Enzyme
In glycogen or amylopectin synthesis, the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a segment of a 1,4-alpha-glucan chain to a primary hydroxy group in a similar glucan chain. EC 2.4.1.18.
Starch
Any of a group of polysaccharides of the general formula (C6-H10-O5)n, composed of a long-chain polymer of glucose in the form of amylose and amylopectin. It is the chief storage form of energy reserve (carbohydrates) in plants.
Isoamylase
An enzyme that hydrolyzes 1,6-alpha-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin, and their beta-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41) by its inability to attack pullulan and by the feeble action of alpha-limit dextrins. It is distinguished from amylopectin 6-glucanohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.69) by its action on glycogen. With EC 3.2.1.69, it produces the activity called "debranching enzyme". EC 3.2.1.68.
Maltose
A dextrodisaccharide from malt and starch. It is used as a sweetening agent and fermentable intermediate in brewing. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
Glycogen Debranching Enzyme System
1,4-alpha-D-Glucan-1,4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase/dextrin 6 alpha-D-glucanohydrolase. An enzyme system having both 4-alpha-glucanotransferase (EC 2.4.1.25) and amylo-1,6-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.33) activities. As a transferase it transfers a segment of a 1,4-alpha-D-glucan to a new 4-position in an acceptor, which may be glucose or another 1,4-alpha-D-glucan. As a glucosidase it catalyzes the endohydrolysis of 1,6-alpha-D-glucoside linkages at points of branching in chains of 1,4-linked alpha-D-glucose residues. Amylo-1,6-glucosidase activity is deficient in glycogen storage disease type III.
Glucosyltransferases
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of glucose from a nucleoside diphosphate glucose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.
Phosphotransferases (Paired Acceptors)
A group of enzymes that transfers two phosphate groups from a donor such as ATP to two different acceptors. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.7.9.
Glucans
Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.
alpha-Amylases
Enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glycosidic linkages in STARCH; GLYCOGEN; and related POLYSACCHARIDES and OLIGOSACCHARIDES containing 3 or more 1,4-alpha-linked D-glucose units.
Dextrins
Trisaccharides
Oligosaccharides containing three monosaccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
Starch Phosphorylase
An enzyme of the PHOSPHORYLASES family that catalyzes the degradation of starch, a mixture of unbranched AMYLOSE and branched AMYLOPECTIN compounds. This phosphorylase from plants is the counterpart of GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE in animals that catalyzes the reaction of inorganic phosphate on the terminal alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond at the non-reducing end of glucans resulting in the release of glucose-1-phosphate.
Endosperm
Nutritive tissue of the seeds of flowering plants that surrounds the EMBRYOS. It is produced by a parallel process of fertilization in which a second male gamete from the pollen grain fuses with two female nuclei within the embryo sac. The endosperm varies in ploidy and contains reserves of starch, oils, and proteins, making it an important source of human nutrition.
Solanum tuberosum
A plant species of the genus SOLANUM, family SOLANACEAE. The starchy roots are used as food. SOLANINE is found in green parts.
Zea mays
A plant species of the family POACEAE. It is a tall grass grown for its EDIBLE GRAIN, corn, used as food and animal FODDER.
Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV
An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder due to a deficiency in expression of glycogen branching enzyme 1 (alpha-1,4-glucan-6-alpha-glucosyltransferase), resulting in an accumulation of abnormal GLYCOGEN with long outer branches. Clinical features are MUSCLE HYPOTONIA and CIRRHOSIS. Death from liver disease usually occurs before age 2.
Bacteroidaceae
A family of gram-negative bacteria found primarily in the intestinal tracts and mucous membranes of warm-blooded animals. Its organisms are sometimes pathogenic.
Encyclopedias as Topic
Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)
Solubility
The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Manihot
A plant genus of the family EUPHORBIACEAE that is perennial with conspicuous, almost palmate leaves like those of RICINUS but more deeply parted into five to nine lobes. It is a source of a starch after removal of the cyanogenic glucosides. The common name of Arrowroot is also used with Maranta (MARANTACEAE). The common name of yuca is also used for YUCCA.
Viscosity
The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Buffaloes
Ruminants of the family Bovidae consisting of Bubalus arnee and Syncerus caffer. This concept is differentiated from BISON, which refers to Bison bison and Bison bonasus.
Blogging
Using an INTERNET based personal journal which may consist of reflections, comments, and often hyperlinks.
Bread
Baked food product made of flour or meal that is moistened, kneaded, and sometimes fermented. A major food since prehistoric times, it has been made in various forms using a variety of ingredients and methods.
Databases, Factual
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialized subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from DATABASES, BIBLIOGRAPHIC which is restricted to collections of bibliographic references.
Food Safety
Activities involved in ensuring the safety of FOOD including avoidance of bacterial and other contamination.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.)
An institute of the CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION which is responsible for assuring safe and healthful working conditions and for developing standards of safety and health. Research activities are carried out pertinent to these goals.
Safety Management
The development of systems to prevent accidents, injuries, and other adverse occurrences in an institutional setting. The concept includes prevention or reduction of adverse events or incidents involving employees, patients, or facilities. Examples include plans to reduce injuries from falls or plans for fire safety to promote a safe institutional environment.
Medical Errors
Errors or mistakes committed by health professionals which result in harm to the patient. They include errors in diagnosis (DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS), errors in the administration of drugs and other medications (MEDICATION ERRORS), errors in the performance of surgical procedures, in the use of other types of therapy, in the use of equipment, and in the interpretation of laboratory findings. Medical errors are differentiated from MALPRACTICE in that the former are regarded as honest mistakes or accidents while the latter is the result of negligence, reprehensible ignorance, or criminal intent.
Research
Critical and exhaustive investigation or experimentation, having for its aim the discovery of new facts and their correct interpretation, the revision of accepted conclusions, theories, or laws in the light of newly discovered facts, or the practical application of such new or revised conclusions, theories, or laws. (Webster, 3d ed)
Hospital Shared Services
Cooperation among hospitals for the purpose of sharing various departmental services, e.g., pharmacy, laundry, data processing, etc.

Simultaneous antisense inhibition of two starch-synthase isoforms in potato tubers leads to accumulation of grossly modified amylopectin. (1/137)

A chimaeric antisense construct was used to reduce the activities of the two major starch-synthase isoforms in potato tubers simultaneously. A range of reductions in total starch-synthase activities were found in the resulting transgenic plants, up to a maximum of 90% inhibition. The reduction in starch-synthase activity had a profound effect on the starch granules, which became extremely distorted in appearance compared with the control lines. Analysis of the starch indicated that the amounts produced in the tubers, and the amylose content of the starch, were not affected by the reduction in activity. In order to understand why the starch granules were distorted, amylopectin was isolated and the constituent chain lengths analysed. This indicated that the amylopectin was very different to that of the control. It contained more chains of fewer than 15 glucose units in length, and fewer of between 15 and 80 glucose units. In addition, the amylopectin contained more very long chains. Amylopectin from plants repressed in just one of the activities of the two starch-synthase isoforms, which we have reported upon previously, were also analysed. Using a technique different to that used previously we show that both isoforms also affect the amylopectin, but in a way that is different to when both isoforms are repressed together.  (+info)

Amylopectinosis in fetal and neonatal Quarter Horses. (2/137)

Three Quarter Horses, a stillborn filly (horse No. 1), a female fetus aborted at approximately 6 months of gestation (horse No. 2), and a 1-month-old colt that had been weak at birth (horse No. 3), had myopathy characterized histologically by large spherical or ovoid inclusions in skeletal and cardiac myofibers. Smaller inclusions were also found in brain and spinal cord and in some cells of all other tissues examined. These inclusions were basophilic, red-purple after staining with periodic acid-Schiff (both before and after digestion with diastase), and moderately dark blue after staining with toluidine blue. The inclusions did not react when stained with Congo red. Staining with iodine ranged from pale blue to black. Their ultrastructural appearance varied from amorphous to somewhat filamentous. On the basis of staining characteristics and diastase resistance, we concluded that these inclusions contained amylopectin. A distinctly different kind of inclusion material was also present in skeletal muscle and tongue of horse Nos. 1 and 3. These inclusions were crystalline with a sharply defined ultrastructural periodicity. The crystals were eosinophilic and very dark blue when stained with toluidine blue but did not stain with iodine. Crystals sometimes occurred freely within the myofibers but more often were encased by deposits of amylopectin. This combination of histologic and ultrastructural features characterizes a previously unreported storage disease in fetal and neonatal Quarter Horses, with findings similar to those of glycogen storage disease type IV. We speculate that a severe inherited loss of glycogen brancher enzyme activity may be responsible for these findings. The relation of amylopectinosis to the death of the foals is unknown.  (+info)

Essential arginine residues in maize starch synthase IIa are involved in both ADP-glucose and primer binding. (3/137)

The arginine-specific reagent phenylglyoxal inactivated the activity of maize starch synthase IIa (SSIIa), due to the modification of at least one arginine residue out of a possible 42. The addition of ADPGlc completely protected SSIIa from the inactivation, indicating that arginine may be involved in the interaction of this anionic substrate with SSIIa. However, site-directed mutagenesis of the conserved Arg-214 in SSIIa showed that this amino acid is important for apparent affinity of SSIIa for its primer (amylopectin and glycogen), as evidenced by a marked increase in the K(m) for primer upon substitution of this amino acid with no concomitant change in V(max), K(m) for ADPGlc, or secondary structure. Therefore, Arg-214 of SSIIa appears to play a role in its primer binding.  (+info)

Interaction with amylopectin influences the ability of granule-bound starch synthase I to elongate malto-oligosaccharides. (4/137)

This paper examines the properties in soluble form of two isoforms of starch synthase. One of these, granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI), is responsible for the synthesis of amylose inside the amylopectin matrix of the starch granule in vivo. The other, starch synthase II (SSII), is involved in amylopectin synthesis. Both isoforms can use amylopectin and malto-oligosaccharide as substrates in vitro. As well as acting as a substrate for GBSSI, amylopectin acts as an effector of this isoform, increasing the rate at which it elongates malto-oligosaccharides and promoting a processive rather than distributive mode of elongation of these compounds. The affinity of GBSSI for amylopectin as an effector is greater than its affinity for amylopectin as a substrate. The rate and mode of elongation of malto-oligosaccharides by SSII are not influenced by amylopectin. These results suggest that specific interaction with amylopectin in the matrix of the starch granule is a unique property of GBSSI and is critical in determining the nature of its products.  (+info)

In vitro utilization of amylopectin and high-amylose maize (Amylomaize) starch granules by human colonic bacteria. (5/137)

It has been well established that a certain amount of ingested starch can escape digestion in the human small intestine and consequently enters the large intestine, where it may serve as a carbon source for bacterial fermentation. Thirty-eight types of human colonic bacteria were screened for their capacity to utilize soluble starch, gelatinized amylopectin maize starch, and high-amylose maize starch granules by measuring the clear zones on starch agar plates. The six cultures which produced clear zones on amylopectin maize starch- containing plates were selected for further studies for utilization of amylopectin maize starch and high-amylose maize starch granules A (amylose; Sigma) and B (Culture Pro 958N). Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to detect bacterial starch-degrading enzymes. It was demonstrated that Bifidobacterium spp., Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., and strains of Eubacterium, Clostridium, Streptococcus, and Propionibacterium could hydrolyze the gelatinized amylopectin maize starch, while only Bifidobacterium spp. and Clostridium butyricum could efficiently utilize high-amylose maize starch granules. In fact, C. butyricum and Bifidobacterium spp. had higher specific growth rates in the autoclaved medium containing high-amylose maize starch granules and hydrolyzed 80 and 40% of the amylose, respectively. Starch-degrading enzymes were cell bound on Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides cells and were extracellular for C. butyricum. Active staining for starch-degrading enzymes on SDS-PAGE gels showed that the Bifidobacterium cells produced several starch-degrading enzymes with high relative molecular (M(r)) weights (>160,000), medium-sized relative molecular weights (>66,000), and low relative molecular weights (<66,000). It was concluded that Bifidobacterium spp. and C. butyricum degraded and utilized granules of amylomaize starch.  (+info)

Specificity of starch synthase isoforms from potato. (6/137)

In higher plants several isoforms of starch synthase contribute to the extension of glucan chains in the synthesis of starch. Different isoforms are responsible for the synthesis of essentially linear amylose chains and branched, amylopectin chains. The activity of granule-bound starch synthase I from potato has been compared with that of starch synthase II from potato following expression of both isoforms in Escherichia coli. Significant differences in their activities are apparent which may be important in determining their specificities in vivo. These differences include affinities for ADPglucose and glucan substrates, activation by amylopectin, response to citrate, thermosensitivity and the processivity of glucan chain extension. To define regions of the isoforms determining these characteristic traits, chimeric proteins have been produced by expression in E. coli. These experiments reveal that the C-terminal region of granule-bound starch synthase I confers most of the specific properties of this isoform, except its processive elongation of glucan chains. This region of granule-bound starch synthase I is distinct from the C-terminal region of other starch synthases. The specific properties it confers may be important in defining the specificity of granule-bound starch synthase I in producing amylose in vivo.  (+info)

Identification of the maize amyloplast stromal 112-kD protein as a plastidic starch phosphorylase. (7/137)

Amyloplast is the site of starch synthesis in the storage tissue of maize (Zea mays). The amyloplast stroma contains an enriched group of proteins when compared with the whole endosperm. Proteins with molecular masses of 76 and 85 kD have been identified as starch synthase I and starch branching enzyme IIb, respectively. A 112-kD protein was isolated from the stromal fraction by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subjected to tryptic digestion and amino acid sequence analysis. Three peptide sequences showed high identity to plastidic forms of starch phosphorylase (SP) from sweet potato, potato, and spinach. SP activity was identified in the amyloplast stromal fraction and was enriched 4-fold when compared with the activity in the whole endosperm fraction. Native and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analyses showed that SP activity was associated with the amyloplast stromal 112-kD protein. In addition, antibodies raised against the potato plastidic SP recognized the amyloplast stromal 112-kD protein. The amyloplast stromal 112-kD SP was expressed in whole endosperm isolated from maize harvested 9 to 24 d after pollination. Results of affinity electrophoresis and enzyme kinetic analyses showed that the amyloplast stromal 112-kD SP preferred amylopectin over glycogen as a substrate in the synthetic reaction. The maize shrunken-4 mutant had reduced SP activity due to a decrease of the amyloplast stromal 112-kD enzyme.  (+info)

Two loci control phytoglycogen production in the monocellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. (8/137)

The STA8 locus of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was identified in a genetic screen as a factor that controls starch biosynthesis. Mutations of STA8 cause a significant reduction in the amount of granular starch produced during nutrient limitation and accumulate phytoglycogen. The granules remaining in sta8 mutants are misshapen, and the abundance of amylose and long chains in amylopectin is altered. Mutations of the STA7 locus, which completely lack isoamylase activity, also cause accumulation of phytoglycogen, although sta8 and sta7 mutants differ in that there is a complete loss of granular starch in the latter. This is the first instance in which mutations of two different genetic elements in one plant species have been shown to cause phytoglycogen accumulation. An analytical procedure that allows assay of isoamylase in total extracts was developed and used to show that sta8 mutations cause a 65% reduction in the level of this activity. All other enzymes known to be involved in starch biosynthesis were shown to be unaffected in sta8 mutants. The same amount of total isoamylase activity (approximately) as that present in sta8 mutants was observed in heterozygous triploids containing two sta7 mutant alleles and one wild-type allele. This strain, however, accumulates normal levels of starch granules and lacks phytoglycogen. The total level of isoamylase activity, therefore, is not the major determinant of whether granule production is reduced and phytoglycogen accumulates. Instead, a qualitative property of the isoamylase that is affected by the sta8 mutation is likely to be the critical factor in phytoglycogen production.  (+info)

Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science - amylopectin molecular structure and functional properties of starch from three...Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science - amylopectin molecular structure and functional properties of starch from three...
  Amylopectin molecular structure is a very important determinant of starch functional properties. The main purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between the amylopectin structure of starches from cassava varieties and their functional properties. TME14 had the highest (46.63%) proportion of A chains while Bamunanika had the lowest 42.27%. Bamunanika had the highest (23.33%) proportion of B3+ chains while TME14 had the lowest 19.66%. TME14 had the highest amylopectin molecular weight 2.74x108 g/mol while NASE10 had the lowest 2.42x108 g/mol. TME14 had a higher gelatinisation temperature 65.37°C compared to the other varieties. Bamunanika had the highest final viscosity 2477.66 mPa s while NASE10 had the highest set back viscosity (494.50 mPa s). TME14 had the highest pasting temperature 67.80°C while NASE10 had the lowest 65.23°C. There was a significant negative correlation between final viscosity and A chains (r = -0.64), pasting
https://academicjournals.org/journal/JPBCS/article-abstract/94C090B9328
Amylopectin - WikipediaAmylopectin - Wikipedia
Glucose units are linked in a linear way with α(1→4) glycosidic bonds. Branching takes place with α(1→6) bonds occurring every 24 to 30 glucose units, resulting in a soluble molecule that can be quickly degraded as it has many end points onto which enzymes can attach. In contrast, amylose contains very few α(1→6) bonds, or even none at all. This causes amylose to be hydrolyzed more slowly, but have higher density and be insoluble.[clarification needed]. Its counterpart in animals is glycogen, which has the same composition and structure, but with more extensive branching that occurs every eight to 12 glucose units. Plants store starch within specialized organelles called amyloplasts. When energy is needed for cell work, the plant hydrolyzes the starch, releasing the glucose subunits. Humans and other animals that eat plant foods also use amylase, an enzyme that assists in breaking down amylopectin. Starch is made of about 70% amylopectin by weight, though it varies depending on the ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylopectin
Ratio of Amylose and Amylopectin as indicators of glycaemic index and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starches of long, medium...Ratio of Amylose and Amylopectin as indicators of glycaemic index and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starches of long, medium...
Ratio of Amylose and Amylopectin as indicators of glycaemic index and in vitro enzymatic hydrolysis of starches of long, medium and short grain rice
https://www.msjonline.org/index.php/ijrms/article/view/3820/3411
Amylopectin crystalline - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing BlogAmylopectin crystalline - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing Blog
Figure 1. Model of bread staling. In fresh bread, amylose and amylopectin exist in amorphous or gelled forms. During storage, moisture is lost, the amylose and
https://www.buffalobrewingstl.com/fermented-foods-2/amylopectin-crystalline.html
Wild Oryza grain physico-chemical properties by S Kasem, Daniel LE Waters et al.Wild Oryza grain physico-chemical properties by S Kasem, Daniel LE Waters et al.
Of the 22 species within the Oryza genus, only two, O. sativa and O. glaberrima, have been domesticated. Although food security is supported by accessing wild Oryza resources for new genes and alleles which enhance plant performance, wild Oryza grain properties have not been extensively studied. Evaluation of the grain physico-chemical properties of eight wild Oryza species found amylose content, amylopectin structure and cooking properties fell within a narrow range relative to cultivated rice. The amylopectin of the wild species had a lower proportion of short branch chains (DP 6-14) relative to cultivated rice and were all of high apparent amylose content and gelatinization temperature. The grain of the wild species did not elongate to the same extent as the cultivated rice and had lower viscosity parameters. These results highlight how significant physio-chemical changes have been made by human selection in the domestication of rice, especially japonica rice. The wild species may be useful for
https://epubs.scu.edu.au/plantscience_pubs/725/
GI Symbol News with Dr Alan BarclayGI Symbol News with Dr Alan Barclay
Starchy foods Unlike sugary foods, the type of starch contained in a food is not as strong a predictor of its GI for a variety of reasons. There are two main types of starch - amylose and amylopectin, with amylose having a lower GI than amylopectin. So a food with more amylose may have a lower GI than one higher in amylopectin, but this is not always the case. This is partly because the starches in unrefined grains like hulled barley, brown rice or wheat berries are encapsulated by the germ and bran, which when left intact can make the starch - regardless of type - very hard to digest. Of course, this is why we process them to provide us with more digestible forms (e.g. pearl barley, white rice and bulgur) or into flour. We have found that the milling method (e.g., stone grinding versus modern steel roller milling) generally has a more significant effect on the ultimate GI of grain foods. Traditionally stone ground flours retain much more of the germ and bran and have more coarsely ground ...
http://ginews.blogspot.com/2013/02/gi-symbol-news-with-dr-alan-barclay.html
Buy Waxy Maize Starch | Carbohydrates | MYPROTEIN™Buy Waxy Maize Starch | Carbohydrates | MYPROTEIN™
WMS (Waxy Maize Starch) is a complex carbohydrate that is free of sugar and lactose. The high Amylopectin content makes WMS easy for the stomach to digest.
https://www.myprotein.com.sg/sports-nutrition/100-waxy-maize-starch/10529396.html
Towards a single cell cancer diagnosis. Multimodal and Monocellular Measurements of Markers and Morphology (5M) - PDFTowards a single cell cancer diagnosis. Multimodal and Monocellular Measurements of Markers and Morphology (5M) - PDF
Letter to the editor of J Cellular Oncology Towards a single cell cancer diagnosis. Multimodal and Monocellular Measurements of Markers and Morphology (5M) A. Böcking 1, J. Stockhausen 2, D. Meyer-Ebrecht
http://docplayer.net/1890659-Towards-a-single-cell-cancer-diagnosis-multimodal-and-monocellular-measurements-of-markers-and-morphology-5m.html
Characterization of the maize gene sugary1, a determinant of starch composition in kernels | MetaCharacterization of the maize gene sugary1, a determinant of starch composition in kernels | Meta
In maize kernels, mutations in the gene sugary1 (su1) result in (1) increased sucrose concentration; (2) decreased concentration of amylopectin, the branched component of starch; and (3) accumulation of the highly branched glucopolysaccharide phytoglycogen. To investigate further the me...read more ...
https://www.meta.org/papers/characterization-of-the-maize-gene-sugary1-a/7773016
Amylase | PancreapediaAmylase | Pancreapedia
Gene Name: AMY1, AMY2. 1. Overview (General). α-Amylase (1,4-α-D-glucan-glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) is the primary digestive enzyme acting on starch or glycogen and is present in plants, animals, bacteria and fungi. Starch from plants is a high molecular weight polymer of glucose. It is made up of amylose, a straight-chain α-1,4 linked polymer of about 105units and amylopectin, a branched chain polymer with α1,4 linked glucose with branch points made up of α-1,6 linkages that contains about 106 units of glucose. Glycogen from animals is similar to amylopectin in structure but is smaller. α-Amylase cleaves the α-1,4 linkage when it is not next to a branch point or terminal glucose residue. Thus its products are maltose (2 glucose residues), maltotriose (3 glucose residues) and α-limit dextrins (5-6 residues which contain a branch point). In vertebrates, these are further cleaved to monosaccharides by the intestinal brush border enzymes isomaltase and maltase which hydrolyze the α-1,6 ...
https://pancreapedia.org/molecules/amylase
6.1 Digestive System - Eyebee Prep6.1 Digestive System - Eyebee Prep
There are two types of starch: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is constructed with 1-4 linkage, but amylopectin is mixed of 1-4 and 1-6 linkage. Amylase can breakdown 1-4 linkage into maltose. However, it cannot breakdown 1-4 linkage. Dextrin is a disaccharide that composed of 1-6 linkage, which broke down from starch. To digest this, dextrinase is used ...
http://www.eyebeeprep.com/61-digestive-system.html
Influencia del nivel de almidón y celulosa en la dieta sobre el perfil metabólico y digestibilidad aparente en camarones...Influencia del nivel de almidón y celulosa en la dieta sobre el perfil metabólico y digestibilidad aparente en camarones...
DISCUSSION. Dietary nutritional requirements of two species of penaeoids were investigated on the basis of their haemolymph metabolic contents and the apparent digestibility analysis to determine which the dietary components that were better assimilated are. The penaeoids shrimp do not present a dietary glucose requirement since this compound can come from the gluconeogenesis from the amino acids. Nevertheless, these organisms own a complete enzymatic structure for the digestion of proteins and polysaccharides, such as starch, glycogen, laminarin, and chitin that are natural components of their diet. (Tacon, 1990). The starch is a straight-chain consisting of glucose molecules linked together by a (1-4) bonds, conformed by two units amylose and amylopectin. The starches rich in amylose are poorly digestible because a-amylase cannot hydrolyze the amylase, in contrast, the starch rich in amylopectin is relatively well digested (Gaxiola et al., 2006). The cellulose is also a polymer of glucose but ...
https://scielo.conicyt.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0718-560X2011000200003
Carbohydrate-dependent sulfur respiration in halo(alkali)philic archaea - International Symposium on Origins of Life and...Carbohydrate-dependent sulfur respiration in halo(alkali)philic archaea - International Symposium on Origins of Life and...
Archaea are environmentally ubiquitous on Earth, and their extremophilic and metabolically versatile phenotypes make them helpful as mannequin methods for astrobiology. Here, we reveal a brand new practical group of halo(natrono)archaea in a position to make the most of alpha-D-glucans (amylopectin, amylose and glycogen), sugars, and glycerol as electron donors and carbon sources for sulfur respiration. They are facultative anaerobes enriched from hypersaline sediments with both amylopectin, glucose or glycerol as electron/carbon sources and elemental sulfur because the terminal electron acceptor. They embody 10 strains of neutrophilic haloarchaea from circum pH-neutral lakes and one natronoarchaeon from soda-lake sediments.. The neutrophilic isolates can develop by fermentation, though addition of S0 or dimethyl sulfoxide elevated progress charge and biomass yield (with a concomitant lower in H2 ). Natronoarchaeal isolate AArc-S grew solely by respiration, both anaerobically with S0 or ...
https://isolab-05.com/carbohydrate-dependent-sulfur-respiration-in-haloalkaliphilic-archaea/
The Potato Manifesto - Part 1/2: A (Re-)Evaluation of the Contemporary Discrimination of the Ordinary Potato - SuppVersity:...The Potato Manifesto - Part 1/2: A (Re-)Evaluation of the Contemporary Discrimination of the Ordinary Potato - SuppVersity:...
With regard to the unexpected differences between cold and hot red potatoes, it is important to note that the results of a 2011 study by Kinnear et al. confirm that the latter is not an artifact of the Fernandes study. In their trial, the scientists from the University of Toronto found an average GI reduction of -37% (mean GI for the tested cultivars ~47), when the freshly boiled potatoes were refrigerated at 4°C for 24-28h before they were served to the 10 healthy study participants (Kinnear. 2011). As far as the reasons for this temperature-dependence of the glycemic index is concerned, Kinnear et al. speculate that it is an effect due to starch retrogradation, which is a process that takes place in gelatinized starch, when the amylose and amylopectin chains realign themselves and thusly causes the liquid to gel. This is quite interesting, as it stands in line with the low GI of the Marfona potato (cf. figure 1), the texture of which is described as waxy. The long-established relation of ...
http://suppversity.blogspot.co.uk/2011/12/potato-manifesto-part-12-re-evaluation.html
glucose or dextrose d glucose manufacturing plantglucose or dextrose d glucose manufacturing plant
Amylose is a glucan composed of unbranched chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1-,4) glycosidic linkage. The number of repeated glucose subunits (n) is usually in the range of 300 to 3000, but can be many thousands. One of the two components of starch (the other, 70-80%, being amylopectin).Cf. linear maltodextrin, in which the chain length is typically between 3 and 17 glucose ...
https://steunmijnclub.nl/2226_glucose-or-dextrose-d-glucose-manufacturing-plant.html
Jmol displays of 3-D structures of Biological moleculesJmol displays of 3-D structures of Biological molecules
glucose, Amylase, Aspirin, Chlorophyll, fructose, Taxol, nucleic acids, Insulin, amylopectin, structure, NAD, lysine, sucrose, phospholipids, glycogen, DNA, molecule, amylose, tyrosine, ATP, serine, amino acids, glutamic acid, lipids, RNA, glucosamine, isoleucine, asparagine, maltose, arginine, glutamine, glycine, Penicillin, cholesterol, Caffeine, tryptophan, leucine, phenylalanine, fatty acids, Disaccharides, ribose, Pepsinogen, glycerol, methionine, proline, Salicin, triglycerides, threonine, Collagen, cellulose, valine, Pepsin, deoxyribose, Myoglobin, histidine, cysteine, Capsaicin, proteins, lactose, diglycerides, Monosaccharides, 3-D image, bases, alanine, aspartic acid, Polysaccharides ...
https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=393324
Barley Tortillas Study in Healthy Volunteers - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govBarley Tortillas Study in Healthy Volunteers - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Specifically, we wish to examine the glycemic response of barley tortillas containing different ratios of amylose and amylopectin and different amounts of soluble and insoluble fibre with an appropriate control during acute phase testing in healthy volunteers. Possible relationships between composition of the barley tortillas and the degree of physiological response will also be investigated as the secondary objective ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00831285
buy second hand sf flotation machine for handling iron orebuy second hand sf flotation machine for handling iron ore
reagents in iron ores flotation - sciencedirect corn starch has been in in brazil since 1978. the trade name of the reagent was collamil, consisting of a very fine and very pure product. the amylose plus amylopectin content reached 98% to 99%, dry basis, the balance being represented by minor contents of fibres, mineral matter, oil and proteins.. Get Price ...
https://www.nationaalscheidingsplatform.nl/news/2010_04_26/943.html
pullulanase(EC 3.2.1.41) - Creative Enzymespullulanase(EC 3.2.1.41) - Creative Enzymes
Different from EC 3.2.1.142 (limit dextrinase) in its action on glycogen, and its rate of hydrolysis of limit dextrins. Its action on amylopectin is complete. Maltose is
https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/Pullulanase_14073.html
A-level Biology/Biological & Molecular Structure - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldA-level Biology/Biological & Molecular Structure - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
As you may know, carbohydrates are the things we get when we eat non-meat stuff like potatoes. They can be as simple as table sugar and as complex as amylopectin and other starches. Now, whats with the name? Carb-o-hydrates? Well, as you can see in the figure on the left, carbohydrates are made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.. Now, theres more to these carbohydrate things. There are usually 3 different forms of carbohydrates, and they sound suspiciously like the things found in in butter. If youre having trouble remembering these, try to think of them as a sack race between Polly (poly), Disa and Mono (Sack-a-rides - saccharides ...
https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/A-level_Biology/Biological_%26_Molecular_Structure
latex free contrast administration set for sale in New Zealandlatex free contrast administration set for sale in New Zealand
Apr 01 2021 Amylopectin derivative in which R 2 and R 3 are H or CH 2 CH 2 OH and R 6 is H CH 2 CH 2 OH or a branching point in the starch polymer connected through an α 1 6 link to additional D glucopyranosyl units Hextend is a clear pale yellow to amber solution Exposure to prolonged adverse storage conditions may result in a change to a turbid deep brown or the formation of a crystalline ...
http://www.pilates4you.cz/May/09-19155.html
All Products - Performax LabsAll Products - Performax Labs
No matter what your goal is -- building muscle, burning fat, body recomposition, or top-tier performance -- isowhey protein is a must.. Protein supplies our bodies with valuable amino acids that allow it to repair, replenish and build anew following the rigors of intense training. Due to the vitality protein plays in helping athletes of all walks accomplish their goals, Performax Labs as engineered the perfect protein powder in ISOWheyMax. Now, youve all seen protein powders before, but none like ISOWheyMax. Instead of including a cheaper form of protein like soy or whey concentrate, ISOWheyMax includes only cross-flow microfiltered whey protein isolate yielding an impressive 24 grams of protein per scoop. Weve also added in the full clinically-backed dose of Velositol -- a complex of amylopectin and chromium documented to double the power of protein on MPS vs protein alone. Finally, weve included a novel matrix of digestive enzymes in DigestivMax to help your body breakdown and assimilate ...
https://performaxlabs.com/collections/shop
A reverse genetic, nontransgenic approach to wheat crop improvement by TILLINGA reverse genetic, nontransgenic approach to wheat crop improvement by TILLING
We report the use of TILLING (targeting induced local lesions in genomes), a reverse genetic, nontransgenic method, to improve a quality trait in a polyploid crop plant. Waxy starches, composed mostly of amylopectin, have unique physiochemical properties. Wheat with only one or two functional waxy g …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15580263/
Post-Workout Carbs: Best Choices To Grow & Recover! - Laughing SocratesPost-Workout Carbs: Best Choices To Grow & Recover! - Laughing Socrates
As a post-workout source of carbs, this does seem to be the carb of choice right now. Take your time in choosing a product of this type, as the market is now flooded with them, you have recovery formulas, you have waxy maize formulas combining different simple carb sources with waxy maize, which could potentially cause a greater insulin response, you have some that are meant to be mixed with protein, some that arent, some that mix poorly and clump all up and some that mix better ...
https://laughingsocrates.blogspot.com/2015/05/post-workout-carbs-best-choices-to-grow.html
Mundo do Atleta | Suplementos e Artigos EsportivosMundo do Atleta | Suplementos e Artigos Esportivos
SUPLEMENTOS - A MUNDO DO ATLETA sUPLEMENTOS, Revende os melhores Suplementos do Mercado: Whey,BCAA,Suplementos Emagrecedores,Pr Treinos,Energ ticos, Vitaminas, Kimonos, whey protein, waxy maize, hipercal ricos, bcaa, amino cidos
http://mundodoatleta.com.br/fabricantes/25/Probiotica
Travel - UAMS Myeloma Institute | Multiple Myeloma HospitalTravel - UAMS Myeloma Institute | Multiple Myeloma Hospital
Many patients travel to the Myeloma Institute from across the U.S. and around the world. Our staff is available to assist you as needed and help make your journey as easy as possible.. If you live outside the U.S., please be sure to visit the UAMS Department of Special Services International Division: http://uamshealth.com/patientsandguests/internationalpatients/departmentofspecialservices2/ Little Rock Airport. Bill and Hillary Clinton National Airport is Arkansass largest commercial service airport, with nearly 2.2 million passengers annually. Also known as Adams Field, Little Rocks airport hosts six airlines with dozens of daily departures and nonstop service to 16 cities.. For information about Little Rocks Bill and Hillary Clinton National Airport, please visit the airports Web site.. Airport Special Assistance Program. Bill and Hillary Clinton National Airport operates the Airport Special Assistance Program to help passengers arriving from out of state or out of the country. Upon ...
http://myeloma.uams.edu/patients-visitors/traveling-to-little-rock/travel/
Sweet Wheat - PubMedSweet Wheat - PubMed
The major components of storage starch are amylose and amylopectin, and in wheat, both an amylose-free mutant lacking granule-bound starch synthase I and a high-amylose mutant lacking starch synthase IIa have been produced recently. Here, we report the production of an amylose-free/ high-amylose dou …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17159298/
Hydrolysis of starch or pullulan by glucoamylase or pullulanase immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel<...Hydrolysis of starch or pullulan by glucoamylase or pullulanase immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Hydrolysis of starch or pullulan by glucoamylase or pullulanase immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) gel. AU - Ohtani, N.. AU - Ishidao, T.. AU - Iwai, Yoshio. AU - Arai, Y.. PY - 1999/6/3. Y1 - 1999/6/3. N2 - Starch or pullulan was hydrolyzed using glucoamylase or pullulanase immobilized on N-isopropylacrylamide gel. The gel used is temperature sensitive; its mesh size becomes smaller at higher temperatures (30°C) and larger at lower temperatures (20°C). The molecular weight distribution of starch is wide and it consists of high-molecular-weight amylopectin, amylose and glucose. From the change in the chromatograms for the substrate and products it was found that the hydrolysis rate at 30°C was faster than that at 20°C for amylose, though it was the reverse for amylopectin. This finding suggests that the smaller molecular sized amylose can enter the gel phase at both temperature, while the larger molecular sized amylopectin can hardly do so; only the end group,which ...
https://kyushu-u.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hydrolysis-of-starch-or-pullulan-by-glucoamylase-or-pullulanase-i
Myprotein Waxy Maize Starch Reviews | 1 Reviews of Myprotein Waxy Maize Starch | HealthKartMyprotein Waxy Maize Starch Reviews | 1 Reviews of Myprotein Waxy Maize Starch | HealthKart
Read Myprotein Waxy Maize Starch Reviews on HealthKart.com. Check 1 Reviews, Feedbacks & User Experiences of Myprotein Waxy Maize Starch.
https://www.healthkart.com/reviews/myprotein-waxy-maize-starch-2-2-lb-unflavoured
Record detailsRecord details
The first cassette comprises fragments of both the asparagine synthetase-1 gene (Asn1) and the polyphenol oxidase-5 gene (Ppo5), arranged as inverted repeats between the Agp promoter of the ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase gene (Agp) and the Gbss promoter of the granule-bound starch synthase gene (Gbss) and results in silencing of both the Ppo5 and Asn1 genes ...
https://bch.cbd.int/database/record.shtml?documentid=106428
IronMaxx Waxy Maize Starch 2kgIronMaxx Waxy Maize Starch 2kg
IronMaxx have developed this long-chain carbohydrate that provides your body with energy better than some other carbs on the market. This is because this formula restores depleted glycogen faster than a maltodextrin blend. Waxy Maize Starch has a much higher molecule weight than other carbohydrates which enable it to pass through the digestion process quicker and move into the blood stream where it can do its job. In addition to giving you much needed energy taking Waxy Maize can help you to gain weight by packing in the calories. This supplement can be taken alongside other supplements, it is unflavoured so is perfect for mixing with protein powders etc.. 100% Waxy Maize Starch.. ...
http://icebergsupplements.com/index.php?route=product/product&path=53_56&product_id=583
2015 Abstract Detail2015 Abstract Detail
Loss of function mutations in the ,i,Waxy ,/i,(,i,Wx,/i,) gene, encoding Granule Bound Starch Synthase (GBSS) that synthesizes amylose, results in starch granules containing mostly amylopectin. Grain with this trait has increased usability for feed, food and grain-based ethanol, due to altered starch properties. In sorghum, two classes of ,i,waxy ,/i,(,i,wx,/i,) alleles had been previously characterized for absence or presence of GBSS: ,i,wx,sup,a,/i,,/sup, (GBSS,sup,-,/sup,) and ,i,wx,sup,b,/sup, ,/i,(GBSS,sup,+,/sup,, with reduced activity). Field-grown grain of wild-type; ,i,waxy,/i,, GBSS,sup,-,/sup,; and ,i,waxy,/i,, GBSS,sup,+,/sup, Plant Introduction accessions, were screened for fungal infection. Overall, results showed that ,i,waxy,/i, grains were not more susceptible than wild-type. GBSS,sup,-,/sup, and wild-type grain had similar infection levels. However, height was a factor with ,i,waxy,/i,, GBSS,sup,+,/sup, lines: ,i,wx,sup,b,/sup, ,/i,accessions, which were short, were more ...
http://www.apsnet.org/publications/Webinars/Pages/2015abstracts.aspx?LID=173
SAN Nutrition Element - Waxy Maize StarchSAN Nutrition Element - Waxy Maize Starch
SAN Element his a high molecular weight waxy maize starch based carbohydrate supplement. It is unflavoured an can be mixed with a variety of other supplements to aid glycogen levels and carbohydrate intake.
http://sport-supplement.co.uk/data/SAN-Nutrition/Element.php
Waxy Maize Starch imagine not good mix with AAKG? - AnabolicMinds.comWaxy Maize Starch imagine not good mix with AAKG? - AnabolicMinds.com
Hello Was looking into Waxy Maize Starch but I take AAKG pre workout empty stomach imagine bit self defeating to take both ? thanks
http://anabolicminds.com/forum/supplements/59603-waxy-maize-starch.html
Hydrolysis - Post-Modern LifeHydrolysis - Post-Modern Life
The enzymatic[ Enzyme ] A biochemical substance that acts as a catalyst, resulting a specific biochemical reaction. More cleavage of chemical bonds involving water. For instance, amylose[ Amylose ] A polysaccharide comprising of long, unbranched glucose chains. Amylose serves as an energy store in green plants, along with amylopectin which together constitute starch. More is hydrolysedThe enzymatic cleavage of chemical bonds involving water. For instance, amylose is hydrolysed into glucose in the presence of amylase, a digestive enzyme. More into glucose[ Glucose, D-glucose, Dextrose ] A monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. The principle isomer of glucose is D-glucose (dextrose). It is the product of photosynthesis and the building block of a number of important carbohydrate polymers, including cellulose. In animals, glucose is the defining sugar of the blood. It is obtained from directly from dietary glucose, and from the More in the presence of amylase[ Amylase ] An enzyme which ...
https://postmodern.life/glossary/hydrolysis/
Cornstarch - CAMEOCornstarch - CAMEO
White amorphous polysaccharide granules that compose about 70% of a corn kernel. Cornstarch is separated from the gluten and fibrous particles by sieving, wet grinding, then wash flotation. It is composed of 28% amylose and 75% amylopectin. When heated with water, cornstarch forms a medium viscosity solution that does not change with heating time. It thickens substantially on cooling to form an opaque gel. Cornstarch is the predominant starch used in North America as a thickener and filler in foods. It is used as an absorbent powder in baby powders and on the interior of some powdered latex gloves. Cornstarch is also used as an adhesive, a sizing agent, and a filler in waxes and plastics. ...
http://cameo.mfa.org/index.php?title=Cornstarch&
Biochemistry - Revision Cards in University BiologyBiochemistry - Revision Cards in University Biology
1. Amylosis 3. Hydorlysis. - Brake down of amylopection and amylose - Add water - Amylose enzymes: Alpha-amylase & Beta-amylase - OH-mono & H-mono. - Alpha -amylase ---, alpha maltose and glucose. - Beta-amylase ---, Beta maltase 4. Cellulolysis. - Amylopectin Enzyme: Alpha-1:6- glucosidase - 2 Enzymes; Endocellulase & Exocellulase. - produces alpha glucose - Endocellulase ----, glucose & Cellulobiose. 2. Glycogenolysis - Exocellulase ---, Cellulobiose. - 3 Enzymes; Phosphorylase, Transferase, alpha- 1:6- glucosidase - Phosphorylase ---, Releases all phosphate groups attached 5. Phosphorylation. - Transferase ---, Moves 3 glucose molecules to the non-reducing end - Add Phosphoric Acid. - alpha-1:6-glucosidase ---, Brakes the 1:6 links between branched chains - P-mono & OH-mono. ...
https://getrevising.co.uk/revision-cards/biochemistry_8
The physicochemical characteristics and hydrophobicity of high amylose starch-glycerol films in the presence of three natural...The physicochemical characteristics and hydrophobicity of high amylose starch-glycerol films in the presence of three natural...
Muscat, Delina, Adhikari, Raju, McKnight, Stafford, Guo, Qipeng and Adhikari, Benu 2013, The physicochemical characteristics and hydrophobicity of high amylose starch-glycerol films in the presence of three natural waxes, Journal of food engineering, vol. 119, no. 2, pp. 205-219, doi: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.05.033. ...
http://dro.deakin.edu.au/view/DU:30057598
11:50 am11:50 am
Enzyme-resistant starch for reduced-calorie flour replacer. U. S. Patent 6,352,733. Huber okay, BeMiller JN. 2010. transformed starch. In: Bertolini A, editor. Starches: characterization, houses, and purposes. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 145-203. Jayakody L, Hoover R. 2008. impact of annealing at the molecular constitution and physicochemical houses of starches from assorted botanical origins: a overview. Carbohydr Polym 74:691-703. Kalichevsky MT, Ring SG. 1987. Incompatibility of amylose and amylopectin in aqueous-solution. Carbohydr Res 162:323-328. Kitamura S. 1996. Starch polymers, ordinary and artificial. In: Salamone JC, editor. Polymeric fabrics encyclopedia. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, pp. 7915-7922. Morrison WR. 1998. Lipids in cereal starches: a assessment. J Cereal Sci 8:1-15. Nugent AP. 2005. future health houses of resistant starch. British food starting place, foodstuff Bulletin 30:27-54. Parker R, Ring SG. 2001. points of the actual chemistry of starch. J Cereal Sci 34:1-17. ...
http://www.upbeatjapan.com/index.php/library/food-carbohydrate-chemistry
CAZy - CBM41CAZy - CBM41
Modules of approx. 100 residues found in primarily in bacterial pullulanases. The N-terminal module from Thermotoga maritima Pul13 has been shown to bind to the α-glucans amylose, amylopectin, pullulan, and oligosaccharide fragments derived from these polysaccharides (Lammerts van Bueren et al. (2004) Biochemistry 43:15633-42) (PMID: 15581376 ...
http://www.cazy.org/CBM41_bacteria.html?debut_TAXO=300
Structural Biochemistry/Carbohydrates/Polysaccharides - Wikibooks, open books for an open worldStructural Biochemistry/Carbohydrates/Polysaccharides - Wikibooks, open books for an open world
Many organisms store energy in the form of polysaccharides, commonly homopolymers of glucose. Glycogen, the polysaccharide used by animals to store energy, is composed of alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds with branched alpha-1,6 bonds present at about every tenth monomer. Starch, used by plant cells, is similar in structure but exists in two forms: amylose is the helical form of starch comprised only of alpha-1,4 linkages, and amylopectin has a structure like glycogen except that the branched alpha-1,6 linkages are present on only about one in 30 monomers. These polysaccharides often contain tens of thousands of monomers, and each type is synthesized in the cell and broken down when energy is needed. Glycogen metabolism is an intricate process involving many enzymes and cofactors resulting in the regular release and storage of glucose. This metabolic process is in turn broken down to glycogen degradation and synthesis. Glycogen synthesis is carried out by the enzyme glycogen synthase in which the ...
https://en.m.wikibooks.org/wiki/Structural_Biochemistry/Carbohydrates/Polysaccharides
Study on the improvement of hypoenzymatic wheat flour-Gabriela Constantinescu, Amelia Buculei, Monica DinuStudy on the improvement of hypoenzymatic wheat flour-Gabriela Constantinescu, Amelia Buculei, Monica Dinu
Due to the changes that occurred in the baking industry and the growing demand for natural products, clean label enzymes have gained more importance in the bread-making recipes in replacing additives such as oxidants or emulsifiers. The use of amylase from cereal, fungal or bacterial sources is known for many years. However, it is well acknowledged that cereal amylases, such as beta-amylase from soy flour or malt alpha-amylase and fungal ones have a limited effect against aging, whereas bacterial thermostable alpha-amylase has adverse effect on the quality of the finished products, leading to gummy and sticky crumb. Commercial amylases used in the baking industry are, in general, alpha-amylase, which hydrolyzes specifically, alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages of amylose and amylopectin molecules in the starch. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to study the effect of lack of alpha- amylase in wheat flour used in the process of bread making. In this context, we intended to study ...
http://journal-of-agroalimentary.ro/Journal-of-Agroalimentary-Processes-and-Technologies-Article_XXWQPo.html
Study on the improvement of hypoenzymatic wheat flour-Gabriela Constantinescu, Amelia Buculei, Monica DinuStudy on the improvement of hypoenzymatic wheat flour-Gabriela Constantinescu, Amelia Buculei, Monica Dinu
Due to the changes that occurred in the baking industry and the growing demand for natural products, clean label enzymes have gained more importance in the bread-making recipes in replacing additives such as oxidants or emulsifiers. The use of amylase from cereal, fungal or bacterial sources is known for many years. However, it is well acknowledged that cereal amylases, such as beta-amylase from soy flour or malt alpha-amylase and fungal ones have a limited effect against aging, whereas bacterial thermostable alpha-amylase has adverse effect on the quality of the finished products, leading to gummy and sticky crumb. Commercial amylases used in the baking industry are, in general, alpha-amylase, which hydrolyzes specifically, alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages of amylose and amylopectin molecules in the starch. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to study the effect of lack of alpha- amylase in wheat flour used in the process of bread making. In this context, we intended to study ...
http://journal-of-agroalimentary.ro/Journal-of-Agroalimentary-Processes-and-Technologies-Article_iihONm.html
Does Lowering Storage Temperature Increase the Reducing Sugar Content of Potatoes? - A-Level Science - Marked by Teachers.comDoes Lowering Storage Temperature Increase the Reducing Sugar Content of Potatoes? - A-Level Science - Marked by Teachers.com
Introduction. Does Lowering Storage Temperature Increase the Reducing Sugar Content of Potatoes? Hypothesis: Potatoes kept at below freezing for a week will have significantly more reducing sugar in their cells than those kept at 5 degrees Celsius which will contain more than those kept at room temperature, displaying evidence of conversion of starch polysaccharides to maltose at low temperatures. Background The main food store in potatoes is starch, a mixture of the two insoluble polysaccharides amylose and amylopectin. Starch is a good storage material because it is insoluble and so can be accumulated without increasing the water potential of the potato cells. This is essential to the normal function of the cell as it prevents the cells being damaged by absorption of too much water by osmosis. When water freezes and turns to ice, its volume increases. The formation of ice crystals inside cells can cause serious and permanent structural damage to the cells. To reduce the problem of ice damage, ...
http://www.markedbyteachers.com/as-and-a-level/science/does-lowering-storage-temperature-increase-the-reducing-sugar-content-of-potatoes-173208.html
Search Results | AKJournalsSearch Results | AKJournals
High-yield common buckwheat cv. Fengtian 1 (FT1) and tartary buckwheat cv. Jingqiao 2 (JQ2) were selected to investigate the characteristics of the grain-filling process and starch accumulation of high-yield buckwheat. FT1 had an average yield that was 43.0% higher than that of the control cv. Tongliaobendixiaoli (TLBDXL) in two growing seasons, while JQ2 had an average yield that was 27.3% higher than that of the control cv. Chuanqiao 2 (CQ2). The Richards equation was utilized to evaluate the grain-filling process of buckwheat. Both FT1 and JQ2 showed higher values of initial growth power and final grain weight and longer linear increase phase, compared with respective control. These values suggest that the higher initial increasing rate and the longer active growth period during grain filling play important roles to increase buckwheat yield. Similar patterns of starch, amylose and amylopectin accumulation were detected in common buckwheat, leading to similar concentration of each ...
https://akjournals.com/search?access_0=all&f_0=author&page=11&pageSize=10&q_0=X.+Wang&sort=relevance
Amylose Resource | Learn About, Share and Discuss Amylose At Popflock.comAmylose Resource | Learn About, Share and Discuss Amylose At Popflock.com
Get Amylose essential facts. View Videos or join the Amylose discussion. Add Amylose to your PopFlock.com topic list or share. Amylose at popflock.com
http://www.popflock.com/learn?s=Amylose
glycogen examples - fabcarhire.comglycogen examples - fabcarhire.com
Glycogen Biosynthesis; Glycogen Breakdown Glycogen - Wikipedia Glycogen is the analogue of starch, a glucose polymer that functions as energy storage in plants. It has a structure similar to amylopectin (a component of starch),.... ...
http://fabcarhire.com/tag/glycogen-examples/
Rice StarchRice Starch
Rice starch is derived from Oryza sativa. it is a common starch but much less common than corn starch. Starch grains are are a means for plants to store energy. They are produced by a wide variety of plants and are a mixture of alpha-amylose and amylopectin. Starch grain differ in their size, their shape, and the structure of the center vacuole. Many of these differences are useful for the identification of the plant of origin for the starch grain. ...
http://microlabgallery.com/gallery/Rice%20Starch%20Std%20XPol%20RedPlate.aspx
Corn StarchCorn Starch
Corn starch is derived from Zea mays. it is by far the most common starch grain encountered in the indoor environment. It is used in paper sizing, coating plastics, coating candy, as a body powder, as a carrier for fragrances and pesticides, as an extender in coatings and paints, a mold-release in formed polymer manufacture, and many other uses.. Starch grains are are a means for plants to store energy. They are produced by a wide variety of plants and are a mixture of alpha-amylose and amylopectin. Starch grain differ in their size, their shape, and the structure of the center vacuole. Many of these differences are useful for the identification of the plant of origin for the starch grain. ...
http://microlabgallery.com/gallery/Corn%20Starch%20Std%20XPol%20RedPlate%202.aspx
Cellulose Gum - Breaking the Vicious CycleCellulose Gum - Breaking the Vicious Cycle
To XXXX and anyone else interested in why gums can cause problems:. The very chemistry of what constitutes a gum is because the structure of the carbohydrates is such that it forms a latticework that confers on it a sticky-like, glue-like consistency. The diagram of the amylopectin molecule on page 30 of my book demonstrates this latticework. It is my hypothesis that at the point of the branches in the molecule is a chemical link called alpha 1-6 isomaltose which we cannot digest (cannot break two glucose molecules attached with that link). I believe that because we cannot digest it, it naturally moves down to the lower small intestine and colon as isomaltose and that a certain type of microorganism thrives on just that very disaccharide. This part of the hypothesis is very exciting to me as most corn products, all potatoes, and FOS have links similar to the isomaltose which remains undigested and goodness knows what is being nourished down there. From the LI ...
http://www.breakingtheviciouscycle.info/knowledge_base/detail/cellulose-gum/
cattle73pg41-45 by G.M. Roth, B.E. Brent et al.cattle73pg41-45 by G.M. Roth, B.E. Brent et al.
Gelatinization was measured in flaked sorghum grain that weighed 16.5 to 47 lbs. a bushel. Samples were steamed from 20 to 50 minutes, and varied in moisture content from 16.9 to 20.9% as they entered the chamber. Gelatinization was measured by an enzymatic gas production technique and compare with an extruded sample assumed to be 100% gelatinized. Each 1 lb. a bushel decrease in weight between 16.5 and 38 lbs. increased gelatinization 3.65 percent. Each 10 min. increase in steaming time increased gelatinization only 1.5%. Changes in grain moisture between 16.9 and 20.9% only slightly influenced gelatinization percentage. Between 20 and 28 lbs./bu., each pound decrease in bushel weight decreased the capacity of the 18 x 24 Ross roller mill 9 lbs. per minute.
https://newprairiepress.org/kaesrr/vol0/iss1/1398/
CLEARGUM CO | Modified starch from waxy maize | Emulsifying agent | RoquetteCLEARGUM CO | Modified starch from waxy maize | Emulsifying agent | Roquette
CLEARGUM® CO starch is produced from waxy maize. This modified starch is an emulsifying agent and is also used for stabilisation. Roquette is a leader in the modified starch market. | Roquette
https://www.roquette.com/food-cleargum-c0-modified-starches
MSA eating quality performance continues to rise - RiverinaMSA eating quality performance continues to rise - Riverina
THE eating quality of Australian beef continues to rise, with the national average MSA Index reaching 57.56 points in 2015-17 - thats a large rise of 0.84 index points since the 2010-11 grading year, a newly released report has shown. The post MSA eating quality performance continues to rise appeared first on Beef Central ...
http://www.riverina.com.au/msa-eating-quality-performance-continues-to-rise/
Technology Training Courses | Starch Structure and PropertiesTechnology Training Courses | Starch Structure and Properties
Starch is explained as well in its structure as in its general properties. This is the basis for understanding starch functionality in all applications.
https://technology-training.courses/product/starch-structure-properties/
Carbohydrates - Analytical Research - IsoamylaseCarbohydrates - Analytical Research - Isoamylase
Isoamylase. Carbohydrates. For Analytical and Research Applications microbiological enzyme assays - Purchase Insoluble Chromogenic Substrates here.
https://secure.megazyme.com/carbohydrates?activity=isoamylase&alt=1
3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid | Semantic Scholar3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic acid | Semantic Scholar
The existence of two waxy alleles, wx a associated with no detectable granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) and wx b associated… Expand ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/topic/3%2C7-dichloro-8-quinolinecarboxylic-acid/2746542
SACOL0517 - AureoWikiSACOL0517 - AureoWiki
MetabolismEnergy metabolismBiosynthesis and degradation of polysaccharides1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme (TIGR01515; EC 2.4.1.18; HMM-score: 37.5) ...
http://aureowiki.med.uni-greifswald.de/SACOL0517
SA RS07580 - AureoWikiSA RS07580 - AureoWiki
MetabolismEnergy metabolismBiosynthesis and degradation of polysaccharides1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme (TIGR01515; EC 2.4.1.18; HMM-score: 29.9) ...
http://aureowiki.med.uni-greifswald.de/SA_RS07580
Jasmine riceJasmine rice
glutinosa), as it has less amylopectin. It is about three times stickier than American long-grain rice. To harvest jasmine rice ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jasmine_rice
Starch synthaseStarch synthase
These have different roles in amylopectin synthesis. New work implies that SS4 is important for granule initiation. (Szydlowski ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch_synthase
AmyloseAmylose
Unlike amylopectin, amylose is not soluble in cold water. It also reduces the crystallinity of amylopectin and how easily water ... This is known as the V form and is how amylopectin binds to amylose to form starch. Within this group, there are many different ... It is less readily digested than amylopectin; however, because of its helical structure, it takes up less space compared to ... Amylose films are better for both barrier properties and mechanical properties when compared to the amylopectin films. In a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylose
Waxy potato starchWaxy potato starch
For the GM-amylopectin potato only potato DNA from other cultivars is transferred in as a transgene. Some organizations call ... Genetically modified amylopectin potato varieties have been developed. As genetic engineering is a controversial public opinion ... Waxy potato starch is a variety of commercially available starch composed almost entirely of amylopectin molecules, extracted ... Standard starch extracted from traditional potato varieties contains both amylose and amylopectin. Waxy potato starch, when ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxy_potato_starch
StarchStarch
4-alpha bonds in amylopectin. Amylopectin is synthesized from ADP-glucose while mammals and fungi synthesize glycogen from UDP- ... Glycogen and amylopectin have similar structure, but the former has about one branch point per ten 1,4-alpha bonds, compared to ... Amylose is a much smaller molecule than amylopectin. About one quarter of the mass of starch granules in plants consist of ... The amylose/amylopectin ratio, molecular weight and molecular fine structure influences the physicochemical properties as well ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch
EchinococcidiumEchinococcidium
Within the cytoplasm amylopectin granules may be present. Nothing is known about the life cycle of this organism. It is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinococcidium
BioplasticBioplastic
The properties of starch bioplastic is largely influenced by amylose/amylopectin ratio. Generally, high-amylose starch results ... "Rheological properties of starches with different amylose/amylopectin ratios". Journal of Cereal Science. 49 (3): 371-377. doi: ... "Gelatinization of cornstarch with different amylose/amylopectin content". Carbohydrate Polymers. 65 (3): 357-363. doi:10.1016/j ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioplastic
RiceRice
The grains of long-grain rice (high in amylose) tend to remain intact after cooking; medium-grain rice (high in amylopectin) ... Some varieties of long-grain rice that are high in amylopectin, known as Thai Sticky rice, are usually steamed. A stickier ... For example, Thai Jasmine rice is long-grain and relatively less sticky, as some long-grain rice contains less amylopectin than ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice
Retrogradation (starch)Retrogradation (starch)
Waxy, high amylopectin, starches also have a much less tendency to retrogradate. Additives such as fat, glucose, sodium nitrate ... Therefore, amylopectin is responsible for development of the long term crystallinity and gel structure. Retrogradation can ... When native starch is heated and dissolved in water, the crystalline structure of amylose and amylopectin molecules is lost and ... Retrogradation is a reaction that takes place when the amylose and amylopectin chains in cooked, gelatinized starch realign ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrogradation_(starch)
Glutinous riceGlutinous rice
... and high amounts of amylopectin (the two components of starch). Amylopectin is responsible for the sticky quality of glutinous ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutinous_rice
Waxy cornWaxy corn
confirmed that endosperm starch of waxy maize consists nearly exclusively of amylopectin. The presence of amylopectin in rice ... amylopectin) and the other to straight-chain polysaccharides (amylose). The amylopectin consists of chain of α-D-(1-4) and α-D ... of amylose and amylopectin among starch types. For example, amylopectin molecules with long external branches bind more iodine ... Amylose and amylopectin have different iodine binding-properties, with maize amylose and amylopectin giving iodine affinity (IA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxy_corn
Bomba riceBomba rice
It has short grains due to the presence of amylopectin. Bomba rice is believed to have originated from an Indian variety which ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bomba_rice
PullulanasePullulanase
Bender H, Wallenfels K (1966). "Pullulanase (an amylopectin and glycogen debranching enzyme) from Aerobacter aerogenes". ... Pullulanase (EC 3.2.1.41, limit dextrinase, amylopectin 6-glucanohydrolase, bacterial debranching enzyme, debranching enzyme, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pullulanase
MochiMochi
In other words, the higher the amylopectin content, the higher the swelling of the starch granule. Though the amylopectin ... The high amylopectin content of waxy or glutinous starches is genetically controlled by the waxy or wax gene. Its quality of ... Amylose and amylopectin are both components of starch and polysaccharides made from D-glucose units. The big difference between ... Amylopectin, though, is a branched polysaccharide because it has αlpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds with occasional αlpha-1,6- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mochi
Starch gelatinizationStarch gelatinization
The following molecular associations can occur: amylose-amylose, amylose-amylopectin, and amylopectin-amylopectin. A mild ... High amylopectin starches will have a stable gel, but will be softer than high amylose gels. Retrogradation restricts the ... Amylopectin molecules with longer branched structure (which makes them more similar to amylose), increases the tendency to form ... Water then enters via amorphous regions into the tightly bound areas of double helical structures of amylopectin. At ambient ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starch_gelatinization
CycloamyloseCycloamylose
It was subsequently shown that D-enzyme could create complex cycloglucans from amylopectin. Similar 4-α-glucanotransferases ... "Cyclic Glucans Produced by the Intramolecular Transglycosylation Activity of Potato D-Enzyme on Amylopectin". Biochemical and ... from bacteria and other organisms have also been shown to produce cycloglucans upon incubation with amylose or amylopectin. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycloamylose
Lugols iodineLugol's iodine
Starches include the plant starches amylose and amylopectin and glycogen in animal cells. Lugol's solution will not detect ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugol's_iodine
AcroeimeriaAcroeimeria
In the late stages of maturation, the cytoplasm becomes filled with amylopectin granules. The macrogamonts are bound by a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acroeimeria
Pachyrhizus ahipaPachyrhizus ahipa
Its dry matter ranges from 15-30%. Further, the tuber contains 48-54% starch, which consists of 96-99.9% amylopectin. This is a ... Because of the high starch and amylopectin content, ahipa is a good material for the starch industry. Further, the suitability ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachyrhizus_ahipa
AmfloraAmflora
"Amflora" potato plants produce pure amylopectin starch that is processed to waxy potato starch. It was approved for industrial ... Waxy potato varieties produce two main kinds of potato starch, amylose and amylopectin, the latter of which is most ... Amflora potatoes would be processed and sold as starch to industries that prefer waxy potato starch with only amylopectin. ... Regular potato starch contains two constituent types of molecules: amylopectin (80 percent), which is more useful as a polymer ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amflora
Carbohydrate-binding moduleCarbohydrate-binding module
Isoamylase hydrolyses 1,6-alpha-D-glucosidic branch linkages in glycogen, amylopectin and dextrin; 1,4-alpha-glucan branching ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbohydrate-binding_module
Resistant starchResistant starch
This does not depend on the amylose or amylopectin content, but rather the structure of the granule protecting the starch. When ... Plants store starch in tightly packed granules, consisting of layers of amylose and amylopectin. The size and shape of the ... Starch consists of amylose and amylopectin which affect the textural properties of manufactured foods. Cooked starches with ... which typically involves rapid recrystallization of amylose molecules followed by a slow recrystallization of amylopectin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resistant_starch
CroissantCroissant
Amylopectin retrogradation occurs over several days to weeks, as amorphous amylopectin chains are realigned into a more ... Additionally, the formation of the crystal structure of amylopectin requires the incorporation of water. Starch retrogradation ... amylopectin crystallites become more disordered inside the starch granules and cause an irreversible destruction of molecular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croissant
Floridean starchFloridean starch
The structure of floridean starch polymers is most similar to amylopectin and is sometimes described as "semi-amylopectin". ... The polymers that make up floridean starch are sometimes referred to as "semi-amylopectin". Floridean starch consists of a ... which use amylopectin and amylose. There is strong phylogenomic evidence that the Archaeplastida are monophyletic and originate ... Floridean starch is often described in contrast to starch (a mixture of amylopectin and amylose) and glycogen: Historically, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floridean_starch
Second-harmonic imaging microscopySecond-harmonic imaging microscopy
"Estimating the helical pitch angle of amylopectin in starch using polarization second harmonic generation microscopy". Journal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second-harmonic_imaging_microscopy
PolysaccharidePolysaccharide
It is made up of a mixture of amylose (15-20%) and amylopectin (80-85%). Amylose consists of a linear chain of several hundred ... every chain of 24-30 glucose units is one unit of Amylopectin). Starches are insoluble in water. They can be digested by ... having a similar structure to amylopectin but more extensively branched and compact than starch. Glycogen is a polymer of α(1→4 ... being found in the form of both amylose and the branched amylopectin. In animals, the structurally similar glucose polymer is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysaccharide
WaxyWaxy
... potato starch, a new type of starch only containing amylopectin molecules ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waxy_
Genetically modified foodGenetically modified food
It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, ... starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. Starch can be further modified to create ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetically_modified_food
Parotid glandParotid gland
It breaks down amylose (straight chain starch) and amylopectin (branched starch) by hydrolyzing alpha 1,4 bonds. Additionally, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parotid_gland
Beer chemistryBeer chemistry
In the case of barley, we mostly see polymers called amylopectin and amylose which are made of repeating linkages of glucose. ... Repeated hydrolysis breaks the long amylopectin polymers into simpler sugars that can be digested by the yeast. Hops are the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beer_chemistry
Amylopectin - WikipediaAmylopectin - Wikipedia
Amylopectin /ˌæmɪloʊˈpɛktɪn/ is a water-soluble[1][2] polysaccharide and highly branched polymer of α-glucose units found in ... Wolform and Thompson (1956) have also reported α(1→3)linkages in case of Amylopectin. Amylopectin contains a larger number of ... Amylopectin bears a straight/linear chain along with a number of side chains which may be branched further. Glucose units are ... "Amylose, Amylopectin (starch)". GMO Compass. Archived from the original on 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2011-02-07.. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylopectin
Amylopectin | chemistry | BritannicaAmylopectin | chemistry | Britannica
... the form of amylose or amylopectin. These starches are polysaccharides in which the monomer, or fundamental unit, is glucose. ... Other articles where Amylopectin is discussed: algae: Nutrient storage: … ...
https://www.britannica.com/science/amylopectin
Amylopectin | Encyclopedia.comAmylopectin | Encyclopedia.com
amylopectin* A branched-chain polysaccharide [1] that is found in native starches composed of glucose [2] units joined by α-1, ... amylopectin A branched-chain polysaccharide that is found in native starches composed of glucose units joined by α-1, 4 ... amylopectin A branched-chain polysaccharide that is found in native starches composed of glucose units joined by α-1,4 ... amylopectin A polysaccharide comprising highly branched chains of glucose molecules. It is one of the constituents (the other ...
https://www.encyclopedia.com/sports-and-everyday-life/food-and-drink/food-and-cooking/amylopectin
Amylopectin - WikipediaAmylopectin - Wikipedia
Amylopectin /ˌæmɪloʊˈpɛktɪn/ is a water-soluble[1][2] polysaccharide and highly branched polymer of α-glucose units found in ... Amylose or Amylopectin?". Journal of Chemical Education. 52 (11): 729. doi:10.1021/ed052p729. Pure amylopectin that has not ... "Amylose, Amylopectin (starch)". GMO Compass. Archived from the original on 2010-12-31. Retrieved 2011-02-07.. .mw-parser-output ... Dissolved amylopectin starch has a lower tendency of retrogradation (gelling) during storage and cooling. For this main reason ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amylopectin
What is Amylopectin? (with pictures)What is Amylopectin? (with pictures)
Some of the most common sources of amylopectin... ... Amylopectin is a type of starch that is found in many different ... Human saliva contains an enzyme that initiates the degradation of amylose and amylopectin. Amylopectin is a kind of starch, a ... Amylopectin has properties, such as a greater ability to bond to other compounds, that make it more useful for these industries ... Amylopectin generally comprises about 75 to 80% of the starch molecules of most plants, with the rest being composed of amylose ...
https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-amylopectin.htm
Rice Starch - Amylose, AmylopectinRice Starch - Amylose, Amylopectin
... and amylopectin) that each type of rice contains:. If amylopectin is predominant, as it is in short and medium grain rice ( ... If amylopectin is low and amylose high, as in long grain rice (found in grocery stores and super markets), each cooked rice ...
https://whatscookingamerica.net/Q-A/RiceTypes.htm
New Paradigm for the Treatment of Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome: Low Glycemic Index Diet and Modified High...New Paradigm for the Treatment of Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome: Low Glycemic Index Diet and Modified High...
Modified high amylopectin cornstarch and low glycemic index diet might be an alternative treatment in glucose transporter 1 ... She was started on modified high amylopectin cornstarch at bedtime and low glycemic index diet with meals and snacks every 3-4 ... Stabilization of blood glucose levels by low glycemic index diet and modified high amylopectin cornstarch would provide steady- ... GLUT-1 deficiency syndrome; compliance; ketogenic diet; low glycemic index diet; modified high amylopectin cornstarch ( ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26216499
Unit and internal chain profile of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) amylopectin - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC)Unit and internal chain profile of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) amylopectin - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC)
Unit and internal chain profile of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) amylopectin. Gayin, J., Abdel-Aal, E.S.M., Manful, J., ... High-performance anion-exchange chromatography was used to study the unit chain profiles of amylopectins and their φ,β-limit ... Bertoft, E. (2016). Unit and internal chain profile of African rice (Oryza glaberrima) amylopectin, 137 466-472. http://dx.doi. ...
https://www.agr.gc.ca/eng/abstract/publication?id=36704000000003
AVEBE and BASF Plant Science to develop Phytophthora resistant Amylopectin starch potato | PotatoProAVEBE and BASF Plant Science to develop Phytophthora resistant Amylopectin starch potato | PotatoPro
About genetically modified amylopectin starch potatoes Conventional potatoes produce a mixture of amylopectin and amylose ... After having switched off the gene for the production of amylose, the amylopectin starch potato produces pure amylopectin ... Home » News » Articles » AVEBE and BASF Plant Science to develop Phytophthora resistant Amylopectin starch potato ... AVEBE and BASF Plant Science to develop Phytophthora resistant Amylopectin starch potato. ...
https://www.potatopro.com/news/2010/avebe-and-basf-plant-science-develop-phytophthora-resistant-amylopectin-starch-potato
Comparison of potato amylopectin starches and potato starches - influence of year and varietyComparison of potato amylopectin starches and potato starches - influence of year and variety
... Svegmark, K; Helmersson, K; ... The potato amylopectin starches (PAP) exhibited higher endothermic temperatures as well as higher enthalpies than the normal ... The potato amylopectin starches (PAP) exhibited higher endothermic temperatures as well as higher enthalpies than the normal ... The potato amylopectin starches (PAP) exhibited higher endothermic temperatures as well as higher enthalpies than the normal ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/347833
Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science - amylopectin molecular structure and functional properties of starch from three...Journal of Plant Breeding and Crop Science - amylopectin molecular structure and functional properties of starch from three...
The main purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between the amylopectin structure of starches ... The main purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between the amylopectin structure of starches ... Key words: Amylopectin structure, cassava varieties, functional properties. ... Key words: Amylopectin structure, cassava varieties, functional properties. ...
https://academicjournals.org/journal/JPBCS/article-abstract/94C090B9328
Effects of folic acid esterification on the hierarchical structure of amylopectin corn starch - White Rose Research Online Effects of folic acid esterification on the hierarchical structure of amylopectin corn starch - White Rose Research Online
In this study, the effects of esterification of amylopectin corn starch (ACS) with FA using an n, n-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide/4 ... 1 more author) (2019) Effects of folic acid esterification on the hierarchical structure of amylopectin corn starch. Food ... Effects of folic acid esterification on the hierarchical structure of amylopectin corn starch ...
http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/128498/
Essential amino acids of starch synthase IIa differentiate amylopectin structure and starch quality between japonica and indica...Essential amino acids of starch synthase IIa differentiate amylopectin structure and starch quality between japonica and indica...
"Essential amino acids of starch synthase IIa differentiate amylopectin structure and starch quality between japonica and indica ... Differences in amylopectin structure between two rice varieties in relation to the effects of temperature during growth ... The present study confirmed that the SSIIa activity determines the type of amylopectin structure of rice starch to be either ... The present study confirmed that the SSIIa activity determines the type of amylopectin structure of rice starch to be either ...
https://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer_journal/essential-amino-acids-of-starch-synthase-iia-differentiate-amylopectin-hKflJdr7OZ
AFFF-MALS-RI for Determining the Mass and Size Distributions of Amylose and Amylopectins in StarchAFFF-MALS-RI for Determining the Mass and Size Distributions of Amylose and Amylopectins in Starch
Figure 2: Conformation plot (log Rz versus log Mw) for the amylopectin component of five starches (Slopes 0.39â 0.41 indicative ... AFFF-MALS-RI for Determining the Mass and Size Distributions of Amylose and Amylopectins in Starch. ...
https://www.chromatographyonline.com/view/afff-mals-ri-determining-mass-and-size-distributions-amylose-and-amylopectins-starch
Degradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2 - DTU OrbitDegradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2 - DTU Orbit
Degradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2. Archives of ... Degradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2. Archives of ... Degradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2. Publication ... Degradation of the starch components amylopectin and amylose by barley α-amylase 1: Role of surface binding site 2. / Nielsen, ...
http://orbit.dtu.dk/en/publications/degradation-of-the-starch-components-amylopectin-and-amylose-by-barley-amylase-1-role-of-surface-binding-site-2
Definition >...Definition >...
Polysaccharide. A polysaccharide is a branched polymer of glucose molecules bound to each other by a-1.4 glycoside bonds in the linear portion and by a-1.6 bonds at the branching points.
http://www.futura-sciences.us/dico/d/biology-amylopectin-50001808/
Browsing Project reports by subject AmylopectinBrowsing Project reports by subject "Amylopectin"
... Jump across:. 0-9. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. ...
https://ses.library.usyd.edu.au/handle/2123/2435/browse?type=subject&value=Amylopectin
Amylopectin crystalline - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing BlogAmylopectin crystalline - Fermented Foods - Buffalo Brewing Blog
In fresh bread, amylose and amylopectin exist in amorphous or gelled forms. During storage, moisture is lost, the amylose and ... Amylopectin crystalline. Fri, 17 Feb 2012 , Fermented Foods Figure 1. Model of bread staling. In fresh bread, amylose and ... During storage, moisture is lost, the amylose and amylopectin retrograde, and crystalline forms appear, leading to firmness and ... amylopectin exist in amorphous or gelled forms. ...
https://www.buffalobrewingstl.com/fermented-foods-2/amylopectin-crystalline.html
Coatings | Free Full-Text | Modified Starch-Chitosan Edible Films: Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization | HTMLCoatings | Free Full-Text | Modified Starch-Chitosan Edible Films: Physicochemical and Mechanical Characterization | HTML
Amylose and Amylopectin Determination. The amylose/amylopectin content of the starch samples used was determined using the ... OS and AS edible films contain lower amylopectin proportion than WS and this was reflected in less rigid surface structures and ... Cano, A.; Jiménez, A.; Cháfer, M.; Gónzalez, C.; Chiralt, A. Effect of amylose:amylopectin ratio and rice bran addition on ... Thus, starches with increased amylopectin content may minimize these effects. Due to the hydrophilic nature of starch, its ...
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/7/12/224/htm
HKU Scholars Hub: Structures of clusters in sweetpotato amylopectinHKU Scholars Hub: Structures of clusters in sweetpotato amylopectin
Sweetpotato amylopectin was subjected to partial hydrolysis by α-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to release the ... An initial stage of α-amylolysis on the amylopectin isolated mostly domains but also clusters. A second stage of α-amylolysis ... Sweetpotato amylopectin was subjected to partial hydrolysis by α-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to release the ... An initial stage of α-amylolysis on the amylopectin isolated mostly domains but also clusters. A second stage of α-amylolysis ...
http://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/179233
n the basis of their electron configurations, predict | bartlebyn the basis of their electron configurations, predict | bartleby
Difference Between Amylopectin and Glycogen | Compare the Difference Between Similar TermsDifference Between Amylopectin and Glycogen | Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms
Amylopectin vs Glycogen Polysaccharides are large polymers made from ten to thousands of monomers linked together by glycosidic ... Filed Under: Biochemistry Tagged With: amylopectin, Amylopectin and Glycogen Differences, Amylopectin Definition, Amylopectin ... Branches are shorter compared to amylopectin.. Summary - Amylopectin vs Glycogen. Amylopectin and glycogen are two forms of ... 4. Side by Side Comparison - Amylopectin vs Glycogen. 5. Summary. What is Amylopectin?. Amylopectin is a polysaccharide found ...
https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-amylopectin-and-vs-glycogen/
The crystallinity of amylose and amylopectin films<...The crystallinity of amylose and amylopectin films<...
The fresh amylopectin films were completely amorphous. After storage for two months at the highest humidity the amylopectin ... The fresh amylopectin films were completely amorphous. After storage for two months at the highest humidity the amylopectin ... The fresh amylopectin films were completely amorphous. After storage for two months at the highest humidity the amylopectin ... The fresh amylopectin films were completely amorphous. After storage for two months at the highest humidity the amylopectin ...
https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/the-crystallinity-of-amylose-and-amylopectin-films
T gondii displays a uniquely simple pathway for amylopectin synthesis - Toxoplasma GondiiT gondii displays a uniquely simple pathway for amylopectin synthesis - Toxoplasma Gondii
... several gene candidates encoding enzymes that are probably involved in amylopectin biosynthesis were identified Coppin et al., ... 1. Enzymes that are involved in amylopectin synthesis, such as amylopectin synthase, branching enzymes, UDP-glucose ... and animal-like amylopectin biosynthetic pathways are required for the synthesis of crystalline amylopectin in the parasite ( ... 2. Enzymes for amylopectin degradation, like a-amylase, dikinase or R1 protein, phosphory-lase, and a-glucosidase. Based on the ...
http://www.kelmacmedical.us/toxoplasma-gondii/t-gondii-displays-a-uniquely-simple-pathway-for-amylopectin-synthesis.html
The Many Types of Fiber, Prebiotics, and Starches | Chris KresserThe Many Types of Fiber, Prebiotics, and Starches | Chris Kresser
Amylopectin. Unlike linear-chain amylose, amylopectin consists of long, branched chains of glucose molecules. The branched ... There are three main types of starch in food: amylose, amylopectin, and resistant starch. Lets discuss each in turn. ...
https://chriskresser.com/types-of-dietary-fiber/
Chemistry of lifeChemistry of life
Amylopectin. A polymer made up of glucose units joined by -1.4 links with branches at the -1.6 linkages which form every 24-30 ... Amylopectin - a plant polymer made up of glucose units joined mainly by α-1,4 links but with some α-1,6 linkages, so the chains ... This means it is very branched and so more compact than amylopectin, and it can be broken down very rapidly to provide the ... Structurally glycogen is very similar to amylopectin but with more α-1,6 linkages - every 8-12 glucose units. ...
https://www.abpischools.org.uk/topic/chemistryoflife/6
Polysaccharides | Biochemistry | Organic Chemicals | Spectrum ChemicalPolysaccharides | Biochemistry | Organic Chemicals | Spectrum Chemical
Amylopectin, Hydrate (Amylose free), from Waxy Corn TCI-A0456 , 9037-22-3 , TCI America Amylopectin, Hydrate (Amylose free), ...
https://www.spectrumchemical.com/OA_HTML/Chemicals_TCI-Organic-Chemicals_Biochemistry_Sugars_Polysaccharides.jsp?minisite=10020&respid=22372
Research Projects Database | National Agricultural LibraryResearch Projects Database | National Agricultural Library
Role of amylopectin granules in chronic toxoplasmosis; an HIV-AIDS defining infection. ... is the accumulationof amylopectin (starch) granules (AG) within bradyzoites and their absence within the actively ...
https://www.nal.usda.gov/fsrio/research-projects/?f%5B0%5D=category%3A241&f%5B1%5D=category%3A273&full_text=&status=All&f%5B0%5D=category%3A241&f%5B1%5D=category%3A273&page=0
Action of salivary α-amylase on amylopectin and glycogen - Fingerprint - University of Miamis Research ProfilesAction of salivary α-amylase on amylopectin and glycogen - Fingerprint - University of Miami's Research Profiles
Dive into the research topics of Action of salivary α-amylase on amylopectin and glycogen. Together they form a unique ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/action-of-salivary-%CE%B1-amylase-on-amylopectin-and-glycogen/fingerprints/
GlycogenStarchesPolymersGranulesMoleculesWaxyMoleculePolysaccharideLinkagesFine structure of amylopectinHigh amylopectin contentOligosaccharidesChains of amylopectinDegradationHydrolysisWhereas amylopectinMaizeAmylose contentResiduesEnzymeBranchesProportion of amyloseRice StarchStarch potatoSynthesisVarietiesCrystallineRetrogradationSolubleCornstarchAmorphousStructurePotatoesChainWhey proteinRatioCrystallinityBiosynthesisWheatMixturePolymer madeMolecular weightIodine2000
Glycogen13
  • Amylopectin and glycogen are two such polysaccharides found in plants and animals, respectively. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin and glycogen are similar in their structure as both are made from α D glucose monomers. (differencebetween.com)
  • Glycogen together with amylopectin provides glucose to blood and to or brain. (differencebetween.com)
  • Compared to amylopectin, glycogen structure is highly branched due to comparatively abundant α 1 -6 glycosidic linkages between glucose chains. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin is less branched compared to glycogen. (differencebetween.com)
  • Branches are larger in amylopectin compared to glycogen. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin and glycogen are two forms of starch found in plants and animals respectively. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin and glycogen are branched chains. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin is insoluble in water while glycogen is soluble in water. (differencebetween.com)
  • Structurally glycogen is very similar to amylopectin but with more α-1,6 linkages - every 8-12 glucose units. (abpischools.org.uk)
  • In glycogen or amylopectin synthesis, the enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a segment of a 1,4-alpha-glucan chain to a primary hydroxy group in a similar glucan chain. (nih.gov)
  • The structure of glycogen is very similar to amylopectin but has more branching occuring every 10 - 15 glucose units. (angelfire.com)
  • However, glycogen branches more abundantly than amylopectin, with branches at every eight to twelve residues. (encyclopedia.com)
Starches10
  • amylopectin A branched-chain polysaccharide that is found in native starches composed of glucose units joined by α-1, 4 glycosidic bonds (see GLYCOSIDE ) and at points of branching by α-1.6 bonds. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Starches from three potato varieties and their respective transformants producing amylopectin starch were studied over a period of 3 years. (lu.se)
  • The potato amylopectin starches (PAP) exhibited higher endothermic temperatures as well as higher enthalpies than the normal potato starches (NPS). (lu.se)
  • The main purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between the amylopectin structure of starches from cassava varieties and their functional properties. (academicjournals.org)
  • Transformed lines expressing different levels of the IR36 SSIIa protein produced a variety of starches with amylopectin chain-length distribution patterns that correlated well with their onset temperatures of gelatinization. (deepdyve.com)
  • Figure 2: Conformation plot (log Rz versus log Mw) for the amylopectin component of five starches (Slopes 0.39â 0.41 indicative of branching). (chromatographyonline.com)
  • A linear, unbranched polysaccharide that is one of the two main components, along with amylopectin, of starches. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • There are two types of starches: amylose and amylopectin. (prezi.com)
  • The polygonal starch similar to TQ starch was completely degraded, and the other starches with long branch-chains of amylopectin and B-type crystallinity were degraded faster at the early stage of seedling growth but had high resistance to in situ degradation during TRS seedling growth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Waxy starches, composed mostly of amylopectin, have unique physiochemical properties. (nih.gov)
Polymers6
  • Starch is a polymer of glucose molecules and consists of two kinds of polymers -- amylose which is a straight chain, and amylopectin, which is branched. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • 1974). It is composed of two types of glucose polymers, amylose and amylopectin. (sruc.ac.uk)
  • It is composed of two glucose polymers, called amylose and amylopectin, which share the same basic glucan structure but differ in length and degree of branching. (hindawi.com)
  • Both amylose and amylopectin are polymers of glucose linked mainly by α(1→4) bonds. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Starch consists of two glucose polymers: amylose and amylopectin, which are components of the starch granule. (cargill.com)
  • Cornstarch is a mixture of the glucose polymers amylose and amylopectin. (fda.gov)
Granules7
  • FIGURE 8.1 Transmission electron micrographs of bradyzoites (Br) within a tissue cyst (Panel A). Note the presence of the cyst wall (CW) and numerous amylopectin granules (AG) in the cytoplasm of the bradyzoites. (kelmacmedical.us)
  • Panels B and C shows a higher magnification of ultrastructural morphology of bradyzoite and tachyzoite which lacks amylopectin granules. (kelmacmedical.us)
  • Project SummaryA distinguishing characteristic of tissue cyst forming Apicomplexa, like Toxoplasma gondii, is the accumulationof amylopectin (starch) granules (AG) within bradyzoites and their absence within the actively growingtachyzoite forms. (usda.gov)
  • Seeds of the knockout mutant rsr1 consistently show the increased amylose content and altered fine structure of amylopectin and consequently form the round and loosely packed starch granules, resulting in decreased gelatinization temperature. (plantphysiol.org)
  • 1999. Localisation of amylose and amylopectin in starch granules using enzyme-gold labelling. (springer.com)
  • The granules usually have amylopectin molecules along with the smaller amylose molecules. (reference.com)
  • Normal starch granules contain, 20-30% amylose and 70-80% amylopectin. (instructables.com)
Molecules8
  • amylopectin A polysaccharide comprising highly branched chains of glucose molecules. (encyclopedia.com)
  • Amylopectin generally comprises about 75 to 80% of the starch molecules of most plants, with the rest being composed of amylose. (wisegeek.com)
  • In mashing b amylase digests amylose and amylopectin molecules by releasing maltose units from the non reducing ends of the starch chains. (brewlab.co.uk)
  • Amylopectin molecules, on the other hand, are much larger (up to millions of residues) and highly branched with a high frequency of α -1,6-glycosidic linkages [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Cooking your food will help break down the starch- it will separate out the strands of amylose and amylopectin and water molecules will get trapped inside. (thenakedscientists.com)
  • Amylose consists of a linear chain of several hundred glucose molecules and amylopectin is a highly branched molecule made of several thousand glucose units with branching taking place with α(1→6) bonds every 24 to 30 glucose units. (newworldencyclopedia.org)
  • Starch is composed of two molecules called amylose and amylopectin. (harvard.edu)
  • Amylopectin is a much larger molecule with numerous branches of short chains of glucose molecules linked to a main chain like the branches of a tree growing from the trunk. (harvard.edu)
Waxy5
  • Starch is made of about 80-85% amylopectin by weight, though it varies depending on the source (higher in medium-grain rice to 100% in glutinous rice , waxy potato starch , and waxy corn , and lower in long-grain rice, amylomaize , and russet potatoes , for example). (wikipedia.org)
  • There are some mutant plants composed of waxy starch that have all of their starch in the form of amylopectin. (wisegeek.com)
  • Cultivars or many cereal types have been developed that are either completely composed of amylopectin (described as 'waxy' cultivars) or have a higher amylose content in the starch content. (sruc.ac.uk)
  • Although, waxy corn starch (CS) is used industrially to obtain CGTase and CDs because of its high amylopectin content, alternative sources such as amaranth starch (AS) could be used to accomplish those purposes. (frontiersin.org)
  • Wheat with only one or two functional waxy genes (granule-bound starch synthase I, or GBSSI) produces starch with intermediate levels of amylopectin. (nih.gov)
Molecule1
Polysaccharide5
  • Amylopectin / ˌ æ m ɪ l oʊ ˈ p ɛ k t ɪ n / is a water-soluble [1] [2] polysaccharide and highly branched polymer of α- glucose units found in plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Amylopectin /ˌæmɪloʊˈpɛktɪn/ is a water-soluble polysaccharide and highly branched polymer of α-glucose units found in plants. (wikipedia.org)
  • Amylopectin is a polysaccharide found mostly in plants. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin is a polysaccharide composed of glucose monomers. (differencebetween.com)
  • In contrast to amylopectin, which comprises 70 to 90 percent of natural starch, α -amylose is a branching polysaccharide. (encyclopedia.com)
Linkages5
  • Wolform and Thompson (1956) have also reported α(1→3)linkages in case of Amylopectin. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alpha 1 - 6 linkages are responsible for the branching nature of amylopectin. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin - a plant polymer made up of glucose units joined mainly by α-1,4 links but with some α-1,6 linkages, so the chains branch around every 24-30 glucose units. (abpischools.org.uk)
  • 4-[alpha]-glycoside linkages of amylose and amylopectin chains, decomposing starch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Although amylopectin, like α -amylose, is composed entirely of α -glucose, its α -glucose residues are joined not only in α (1 → 4) linkages but also at α (1 → 6) branch points. (encyclopedia.com)
Fine structure of amylopectin1
  • The aim of this study was to determine the fine structure of amylopectin from grain amaranth. (gtiit.edu.cn)
High amylopectin content1
  • Most cereals, especially rice have a high amylopectin content and are therefore easily digested without much gas production. (thenakedscientists.com)
Oligosaccharides1
  • It can be assumed that this wastewater is comprised of acids, such as acetic, butyric, propionic, butyric and lactic acids, and the products of amylose and amylopectin degradation, such as dextrin, oligosaccharides and monosaccharides (data non published). (thefreedictionary.com)
Chains of amylopectin3
  • The branching of the glucan chains of amylopectin occurs with regular periodicity [ 3 ] and its length and pattern are critical for the proper formation of the starch granule. (hindawi.com)
  • The B-type crystallinity and long branch-chains of amylopectin in TRS seed had high resistance to in situ degradation, which inhibited TRS seedling growth. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Many high RS crops with long branch-chains of amylopectin have been developed via mutation of SBE gene or inhibition of SBE expression. (biomedcentral.com)
Degradation3
  • Human saliva contains an enzyme that initiates the degradation of amylose and amylopectin. (wisegeek.com)
  • This enzyme initiates the degradation of both amylose and amylopectin, where it is linear. (wisegeek.com)
  • The starch components including amylose and amylopectin were simultaneously degraded in TQ seeds during seedling growth, but in TRS seeds, the amylose was degraded faster than amylopectin and the amylopectin long branch-chains with B-type crystallinity had high resistance to in situ degradation. (biomedcentral.com)
Hydrolysis4
  • We investigated the role of SBS2 by comparing kinetic properties of the wild type AMY1 and the Y380A mutant enzyme in hydrolysis of amylopectin, amylose and β-limit dextrin, and the inhibition by β-cyclodextrin. (dtu.dk)
  • Progress curves of the release of reducing ends revealed a bi-exponential hydrolysis of amylopectin and β-limit dextrin, whereas hydrolysis of amylose progressed mono-exponentially. (dtu.dk)
  • β-Cyclodextrin, however, inhibited only one of the two reaction rates of amylopectin and β-limit dextrin hydrolysis, whereas hydrolysis of amylose was unaffected. (dtu.dk)
  • It was concluded that even if part of the amylose films were amorphous, also these amorphous regions were more resistant to hydrolysis than the amorphous amylopectin structures. (vtt.fi)
Whereas amylopectin2
  • About 35% of the amylose films were resistant to α-amylase, whereas amylopectin films were hydrolysed wholly. (vtt.fi)
  • Amylose is mainly linear (with glucose units linked by (1-4) bonds (Figure 1a), whereas amylopectin has a highly branched, very dense structure, due to (1-6) linkage (Figure 1b). (scienceinschool.org)
Maize2
  • However, in barley and maize, the repression of SBE changes starch component and amylopectin structure which affects grain germination and seedling establishment. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Maize sbeI mutant starch has an altered branching pattern for amylopectin and amylose. (biomedcentral.com)
Amylose content1
  • Amylose content and amylopectin structure have important effects on structural and functional properties of starch. (biomedcentral.com)
Residues3
  • Amylopectin can contain up to a hundred thousand glucose residues and is the largest known biomacromolecule. (scienceinschool.org)
  • Structure like amylopectin but with branch points spaced by 8-12 glucsoe residues. (proteopedia.org)
  • Like amylopectin, it consists of α -glucose residues in α (1 → 4) linkage, with α (1 → 6) branch points. (encyclopedia.com)
Enzyme4
  • Humans and other animals that eat plant foods also use amylase , an enzyme that assists in breaking down amylopectin. (wikipedia.org)
  • The amylose is only synthesized by granule bound starch synthase, and the amylopectin is mainly synthesized by soluble starch synthase, starch branching enzyme (SBE), and debranching enzyme. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Cyclodextrins (CDs) are synthesized from starch and related carbohydrates such as amylose, amylopectin and maltooligosaccharide by cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase, E.C.2.4.1.19) which is a bacterial extracellular enzyme ( Ahmed and El-Refai, 2010 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Amylopectin and α -amylose are broken down by the enzyme amylase. (encyclopedia.com)
Branches3
  • In contrast to the mostly linear type of starch known as amylose, amylopectin has many branches in its chain. (wisegeek.com)
  • Branches are shorter compared to amylopectin. (differencebetween.com)
  • Amylopectin, with its branches, can't pack down as tightly, and has many ends for our enzymes to get started on- so we can break it down easier before it reaches the gassy bacteria. (thenakedscientists.com)
Proportion of amylose1
  • Secondly, the proportion of amylose and amylopectin in the starch is controlled by allelic expression. (sruc.ac.uk)
Rice Starch1
  • The present study confirmed that the SSIIa activity determines the type of amylopectin structure of rice starch to be either the typical indica-type or japonica-type, by playing a specific role in the synthesis of the long B1 chains by elongating short A and B1 chains, notwithstanding the presence of functional two additional SSII genes, a single SSI gene, two SSIII genes, and two SSIV genes in rice plants. (deepdyve.com)
Starch potato2
  • They will start developing a late blight resistant amylopectin starch potato. (potatopro.com)
  • After having switched off the gene for the production of amylose, the amylopectin starch potato produces pure amylopectin starch and thus helps to save resources, energy and costs. (potatopro.com)
Synthesis3
  • Based on the presence of these enzymes, metabolic pathways and enzymes involved in amylopectin synthesis in T. gondii are probably similar to those of starch synthesis in the unicellular green algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Figure 8.2). (kelmacmedical.us)
  • This suggests that both plant- and animal-like amylopectin biosynthetic pathways are required for the synthesis of crystalline amylopectin in the parasite (Figure 8.2). (kelmacmedical.us)
  • In contrast, RSR1 overexpression suppresses the expression of starch synthesis genes, resulting in altered amylopectin structure and increased gelatinization temperature. (plantphysiol.org)
Varieties3
  • Genetically-modified potatoes varieties with amylopectin have been developed. (wisegeek.com)
  • Both companies will bring in their know-how in the field of developing genetically modified amylopectin potato varieties. (potatopro.com)
  • Amylopectin structure, cassava varieties, functional properties. (academicjournals.org)
Crystalline2
  • During storage, moisture is lost, the amylose and amylopectin retrograde, and crystalline forms appear, leading to firmness and staling. (buffalobrewingstl.com)
  • After storage for two months at the highest humidity the amylopectin film with 30% glycerol showed crystalline structure (19%), but all other amylopectin films remained amorphous during ageing. (vtt.fi)
Retrogradation1
  • Dissolved amylopectin starch has a lower tendency of retrogradation (gelling) during storage and cooling. (wikipedia.org)
Soluble1
  • Which Starch Fraction is Water-Soluble, Amylose or Amylopectin? (wikipedia.org)
Cornstarch5
  • New Paradigm for the Treatment of Glucose Transporter 1 Deficiency Syndrome: Low Glycemic Index Diet and Modified High Amylopectin Cornstarch. (nih.gov)
  • Stabilization of blood glucose levels by low glycemic index diet and modified high amylopectin cornstarch would provide steady-state glucose transport into the brain to prevent seizures and cognitive dysfunction in patients with glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome as an alternative treatment. (nih.gov)
  • Arg330X in the SLC2A1) treated with modified high amylopectin cornstarch (Glycosade) and low glycemic index diet because of compliance problems with the ketogenic diet. (nih.gov)
  • She was started on modified high amylopectin cornstarch at bedtime and low glycemic index diet with meals and snacks every 3-4 hours. (nih.gov)
  • Modified high amylopectin cornstarch and low glycemic index diet might be an alternative treatment in glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome patients with compliance problems to the ketogenic diet treatment, but additional patients should be treated to prove usefulness of this new treatment. (nih.gov)
Amorphous2
  • In fresh bread, amylose and amylopectin exist in amorphous or gelled forms. (buffalobrewingstl.com)
  • The fresh amylopectin films were completely amorphous. (vtt.fi)
Structure2
  • Amylopectin molecular structure is a very important determinant of starch functional properties. (academicjournals.org)
  • Amylopectin is in a branching structure and can contain upto 100 000 glucose units. (angelfire.com)
Potatoes1
  • Conventional potatoes produce a mixture of amylopectin and amylose starch. (potatopro.com)
Chain4
  • Amylopectin bears a straight/linear chain along with a number of side chains which may be branched further. (wikipedia.org)
  • The length of the amylopectin chain can be ranged between 2000 - 200,000 glucose monomers. (differencebetween.com)
  • Starch is made by not only sticking the sugars together end to end to form a long chain (amylose), but sugars are also stuck on so they branch out into chains (amylopectin). (thenakedscientists.com)
  • After storage, the percentage of short amylopectin (AP) chains increased in TNW1, and no uniform changing pattern was observed in the chain-length (CL) distribution of TCSW1. (nih.gov)
Whey protein1
  • A chromium/amylopectin complex may amplify the muscle building effects of whey protein, says a new study using Nutrition 21's recently launched Velositol ingredient. (nutraingredients-usa.com)
Ratio1
Crystallinity1
  • X-ray crystallinity of amylose and amylopectin films with 0, 10 and 30% of glycerol and stored at RH 0, 54 and 91% were studied. (vtt.fi)
Biosynthesis1
  • Using bioinformatic searches, several gene candidates encoding enzymes that are probably involved in amylopectin biosynthesis were identified (Coppin et al. (kelmacmedical.us)
Wheat1
  • It works like this: When you eat wheat, your body gets a huge helping of a blood sugar-spiking carbohydrate called amylopectin-A. To move the sugars from the wheat into your cells where they can be used for energy - or stored as fat, the pancreas responds by releasing insulin. (selfgrowth.com)
Mixture2
Polymer made1
  • Starch is a polymer made of amylose and amylopectin. (redorbit.com)
Molecular weight1
  • TME14 had the highest amylopectin molecular weight 2.74x10 8 g/mol while NASE10 had the lowest 2.42x10 8 g/mol. (academicjournals.org)
Iodine3
  • Is there a known value for the molar extinction (absorption) coefficient for amylose and amylopectin iodine complexes? (stackexchange.com)
  • To solve it, I need a known value for the molar extinction coefficients of amylose and amylopectin iodine complexes . (stackexchange.com)
  • I meant the starch iodine complex for amylose and amylopectin each. (stackexchange.com)
20001
  • Amylopectin contains a larger number of Glucose units (2000 to 200,000) as compared to Amylose containing 200 to 1000 α-Glucose units. (wikipedia.org)
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