Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
Amyloid beta-Peptides
Peptides generated from AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES PRECURSOR. An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). The peptide is found predominantly in the nervous system, but there have been reports of its presence in non-neural tissue.
Amyloid
A fibrous protein complex that consists of proteins folded into a specific cross beta-pleated sheet structure. This fibrillar structure has been found as an alternative folding pattern for a variety of functional proteins. Deposits of amyloid in the form of AMYLOID PLAQUES are associated with a variety of degenerative diseases. The amyloid structure has also been found in a number of functional proteins that are unrelated to disease.
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)
Peptide Fragments
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
Smilacaceae
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
A heterogeneous group of sporadic or familial disorders characterized by AMYLOID deposits in the walls of small and medium sized blood vessels of CEREBRAL CORTEX and MENINGES. Clinical features include multiple, small lobar CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; cerebral ischemia (BRAIN ISCHEMIA); and CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy is unrelated to generalized AMYLOIDOSIS. Amyloidogenic peptides in this condition are nearly always the same ones found in ALZHEIMER DISEASE. (from Kumar: Robbins and Cotran: Pathologic Basis of Disease, 7th ed., 2005)
Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases
Amyloid Neuropathies
Disorders of the peripheral nervous system associated with the deposition of AMYLOID in nerve tissue. Familial, primary (nonfamilial), and secondary forms have been described. Some familial subtypes demonstrate an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Clinical manifestations include sensory loss, mild weakness, autonomic dysfunction, and CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1349)
Moraceae
Endopeptidases
Brain
The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.
Iridoid Glycosides
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Amino Acid Sequence
Serum Amyloid A Protein
Neurons
Mice, Transgenic
Cells, Cultured
Cerebral Cortex
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Any of various enzymatically catalyzed post-translational modifications of PEPTIDES or PROTEINS in the cell of origin. These modifications include carboxylation; HYDROXYLATION; ACETYLATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; METHYLATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ubiquitination; oxidation; proteolysis; and crosslinking and result in changes in molecular weight and electrophoretic motility.
Amyloidosis
A group of sporadic, familial and/or inherited, degenerative, and infectious disease processes, linked by the common theme of abnormal protein folding and deposition of AMYLOID. As the amyloid deposits enlarge they displace normal tissue structures, causing disruption of function. Various signs and symptoms depend on the location and size of the deposits.
Disease Models, Animal
Islet Amyloid Polypeptide
A pancreatic beta-cell hormone that is co-secreted with INSULIN. It displays an anorectic effect on nutrient metabolism by inhibiting gastric acid secretion, gastric emptying and postprandial GLUCAGON secretion. Islet amyloid polypeptide can fold into AMYLOID FIBRILS that have been found as a major constituent of pancreatic AMYLOID DEPOSITS.
Base Sequence
Aging
Interleukin-1beta
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Presenilin-1
Integral membrane protein of Golgi and endoplasmic reticulum. Its homodimer is an essential component of the gamma-secretase complex that catalyzes the cleavage of membrane proteins such as NOTCH RECEPTORS and AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES precursors. PSEN1 mutations cause early-onset ALZHEIMER DISEASE type 3 that may occur as early as 30 years of age in humans.
Serum Amyloid P-Component
Mutation
Congo Red
Insulysin
Cloning, Molecular
Vitellogenins
Phospholipoglycoproteins produced in the fat body of egg-laying animals such as non-mammalian VERTEBRATES; ARTHROPODS; and others. Vitellogenins are secreted into the HEMOLYMPH, and taken into the OOCYTES by receptor-mediated ENDOCYTOSIS to form the major yolk proteins, VITELLINS. Vitellogenin production is under the regulation of steroid hormones, such as ESTRADIOL and JUVENILE HORMONES in insects.
S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit
Vitellogenesis
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
beta 2-Microglobulin
An 11-kDa protein associated with the outer membrane of many cells including lymphocytes. It is the small subunit of the MHC class I molecule. Association with beta 2-microglobulin is generally required for the transport of class I heavy chains from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface. Beta 2-microglobulin is present in small amounts in serum, csf, and urine of normal people, and to a much greater degree in the urine and plasma of patients with tubular proteinemia, renal failure, or kidney transplants.
Transfection
Presenilin-2
Blotting, Western
tau Proteins
Microtubule-associated proteins that are mainly expressed in neurons. Tau proteins constitute several isoforms and play an important role in the assembly of tubulin monomers into microtubules and in maintaining the cytoskeleton and axonal transport. Aggregation of specific sets of tau proteins in filamentous inclusions is the common feature of intraneuronal and glial fibrillar lesions (NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; NEUROPIL THREADS) in numerous neurodegenerative disorders (ALZHEIMER DISEASE; TAUOPATHIES).
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Abnormal structures located in various parts of the brain and composed of dense arrays of paired helical filaments (neurofilaments and microtubules). These double helical stacks of transverse subunits are twisted into left-handed ribbon-like filaments that likely incorporate the following proteins: (1) the intermediate filaments: medium- and high-molecular-weight neurofilaments; (2) the microtubule-associated proteins map-2 and tau; (3) actin; and (4) UBIQUITINS. As one of the hallmarks of ALZHEIMER DISEASE, the neurofibrillary tangles eventually occupy the whole of the cytoplasm in certain classes of cell in the neocortex, hippocampus, brain stem, and diencephalon. The number of these tangles, as seen in post mortem histology, correlates with the degree of dementia during life. Some studies suggest that tangle antigens leak into the systemic circulation both in the course of normal aging and in cases of Alzheimer disease.
The amyloid precursor protein interacts with Go heterotrimeric protein within a cell compartment specialized in signal transduction. (1/2953)
The function of the beta-amyloid protein precursor (betaAPP), a transmembrane molecule involved in Alzheimer pathologies, is poorly understood. We recently reported the presence of a fraction of betaAPP in cholesterol and sphingoglycolipid-enriched microdomains (CSEM), a caveolae-like compartment specialized in signal transduction. To investigate whether betaAPP actually interferes with cell signaling, we reexamined the interaction between betaAPP and Go GTPase. In strong contrast with results obtained with reconstituted phospholipid vesicles (Okamoto et al., 1995), we find that incubating total neuronal membranes with 22C11, an antibody that recognizes an N-terminal betaAPP epitope, reduces high-affinity Go GTPase activity. This inhibition is specific of Galphao and is reproduced, in the absence of 22C11, by the addition of the betaAPP C-terminal domain but not by two distinct mutated betaAPP C-terminal domains that do not bind Galphao. This inhibition of Galphao GTPase activity by either 22C11 or wild-type betaAPP cytoplasmic domain suggests that intracellular interactions between betaAPP and Galphao could be regulated by extracellular signals. To verify whether this interaction is preserved in CSEM, we first used biochemical, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural techniques to unambiguously confirm the colocalization of Galphao and betaAPP in CSEM. We show that inhibition of basal Galphao GTPase activity also occurs within CSEM and correlates with the coimmunoprecipitation of Galphao and betaAPP. The regulation of Galphao GTPase activity by betaAPP in a compartment specialized in signaling may have important consequences for our understanding of the physiopathological functions of betaAPP. (+info)Proteolytic processing of the Alzheimer's disease amyloid precursor protein within its cytoplasmic domain by caspase-like proteases. (2/2953)
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by neurodegeneration and deposition of betaA4, a peptide that is proteolytically released from the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Missense mutations in the genes coding for APP and for the polytopic membrane proteins presenilin (PS) 1 and PS2 have been linked to familial forms of early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Overexpression of presenilins, especially that of PS2, induces increased susceptibility for apoptosis that is even more pronounced in cells expressing presenilin mutants. Additionally, presenilins themselves are targets for activated caspases in apoptotic cells. When we analyzed APP in COS-7 cells overexpressing PS2, we observed proteolytic processing close to the APP carboxyl terminus. Proteolytic conversion was increased in the presence of PS2-I, which encodes one of the known PS2 pathogenic mutations. The same proteolytic processing occurred in cells treated with chemical inducers of apoptosis, suggesting a participation of activated caspases in the carboxyl-terminal truncation of APP. This was confirmed by showing that specific caspase inhibitors blocked the apoptotic conversion of APP. Sequence analysis of the APP cytosolic domain revealed a consensus motif for group III caspases ((IVL)ExD). Mutation of the corresponding Asp664 residue abolished cleavage, thereby identifying APP as a target molecule for caspase-like proteases in the pathways of programmed cellular death. (+info)Translation of the alzheimer amyloid precursor protein mRNA is up-regulated by interleukin-1 through 5'-untranslated region sequences. (3/2953)
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) because APP is processed into the beta-peptide that accumulates in amyloid plaques, and APP gene mutations can cause early onset AD. Inflammation is also associated with AD as exemplified by increased expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) in microglia in affected areas of the AD brain. Here we demonstrate that IL-1alpha and IL-1beta increase APP synthesis by up to 6-fold in primary human astrocytes and by 15-fold in human astrocytoma cells without changing the steady-state levels of APP mRNA. A 90-nucleotide sequence in the APP gene 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) conferred translational regulation by IL-1alpha and IL-1beta to a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) reporter gene. Steady-state levels of transfected APP(5'-UTR)/CAT mRNAs were unchanged, whereas both base-line and IL-1-dependent CAT protein synthesis were increased. This APP mRNA translational enhancer maps from +55 to +144 nucleotides from the 5'-cap site and is homologous to related translational control elements in the 5'-UTR of the light and and heavy ferritin genes. Enhanced translation of APP mRNA provides a mechanism by which IL-1 influences the pathogenesis of AD. (+info)Early phenotypic changes in transgenic mice that overexpress different mutants of amyloid precursor protein in brain. (4/2953)
Transgenic mice overexpressing different forms of amyloid precursor protein (APP), i.e. wild type or clinical mutants, displayed an essentially comparable early phenotype in terms of behavior, differential glutamatergic responses, deficits in maintenance of long term potentiation, and premature death. The cognitive impairment, demonstrated in F1 hybrids of the different APP transgenic lines, was significantly different from nontransgenic littermates as early as 3 months of age. Biochemical analysis of secreted and membrane-bound APP, C-terminal "stubs," and Abeta(40) and Abeta(42) peptides in brain indicated that no single intermediate can be responsible for the complex of phenotypic dysfunctions. As expected, the Abeta(42) levels were most prominent in APP/London transgenic mice and correlated directly with the formation of amyloid plaques in older mice of this line. Plaques were associated with immunoreactivity for hyperphosphorylated tau, eventually signaling some form of tau pathology. In conclusion, the different APP transgenic mouse lines studied display cognitive deficits and phenotypic traits early in life that dissociated in time from the formation of amyloid plaques and will be good models for both early and late neuropathological and clinical aspects of Alzheimer's disease. (+info)Amyloid precursor protein metabolism in fibroblasts from individuals with one, two or three copies of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. (5/2953)
Protein kinase C (PKC)-activated modulation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism has been investigated in natural models of altered APP expression due to the presence of one, two or three copies of the APP gene. We show that levels of APP present in human skin fibroblasts strongly influence the effect of PKC activation of soluble APP (sAPP) release. Thus fibroblasts derived from a patient with a deletion in chromosome 21 including the APP locus (Delta21) had lower levels of both APP mRNA and cell-associated APP, and showed an exaggerated phorbol-ester-induced sAPP release, when compared with fibroblasts from control individuals. In contrast, fibroblasts from chromosome 21 trisomic Down's syndrome patients failed to show a concentration-dependent response to phorbol ester treatment. These results suggest that the levels of APP expression can affect the degree of response to PKC-mediated modulation of the metabolism of this protein. (+info)Regulation of beta-amyloid secretion by FE65, an amyloid protein precursor-binding protein. (6/2953)
The principal component of Alzheimer's amyloid plaques, Abeta, derives from proteolytic processing of the Alzheimer's amyloid protein precursor (APP). FE65 is a brain-enriched protein that binds to APP. Although several laboratories have characterized the APP-FE65 interaction in vitro, the possible relevance of this interaction to Alzheimer's disease has remained unclear. We demonstrate here that APP and FE65 co-localize in the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi and possibly in endosomes. Moreover, FE65 increases translocation of APP to the cell surface, as well as both alphaAPPs and Abeta secretion. The dramatic (4-fold) FE65-dependent increase in Abeta secretion suggests that agents which inhibit the interaction of FE65 with APP might reduce Abeta secretion in the brain and therefore be useful for preventing or slowing amyloid plaque formation. (+info)Mechanism of the cleavage specificity of Alzheimer's disease gamma-secretase identified by phenylalanine-scanning mutagenesis of the transmembrane domain of the amyloid precursor protein. (7/2953)
Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein by beta-secretase yields A4CT (C99), which is cleaved further by the as yet unknown gamma-secretase, yielding the beta-amyloid (Abeta) peptide with 40 (Abeta40) or 42 residues (Abeta42). Because the position of gamma-secretase cleavage is crucial for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, we individually replaced all membrane-domain residues of A4CT outside the Abeta domain with phenylalanine, stably transfected the constructs in COS7 cells, and determined the effect of these mutations on the cleavage specificity of gamma-secretase (Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio). Compared with wild-type A4CT, mutations at Val-44, Ile-47, and Val-50 led to decreased Abeta42/Abeta40 ratios, whereas mutations at Thr-43, Ile-45, Val-46, Leu-49, and Met-51 led to increased Abeta42/Abeta40 ratios. A massive effect was observed for I45F (34-fold increase) making this construct important for the generation of animal models for Alzheimer's disease. Unlike the other mutations, A4CT-V44F was processed mainly to Abeta38, as determined by mass spectrometry. Our data provide a detailed model for the active site of gamma-secretase: gamma-secretase interacts with A4CT by binding to one side of the alpha-helical transmembrane domain of A4CT. Mutations in the transmembrane domain of A4CT interfere with the interaction between gamma-secretase and A4CT and, thus, alter the cleavage specificity of gamma-secretase. (+info)Plaque-independent disruption of neural circuits in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. (8/2953)
Autosomal dominant forms of familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) are associated with increased production of the amyloid beta peptide, Abeta42, which is derived from the amyloid protein precursor (APP). In FAD, as well as in sporadic forms of the illness, Abeta peptides accumulate abnormally in the brain in the form of amyloid plaques. Here, we show that overexpression of FAD(717V-->F)-mutant human APP in neurons of transgenic mice decreases the density of presynaptic terminals and neurons well before these mice develop amyloid plaques. Electrophysiological recordings from the hippocampus revealed prominent deficits in synaptic transmission, which also preceded amyloid deposition by several months. Although in young mice, functional and structural neuronal deficits were of similar magnitude, functional deficits became predominant with advancing age. Increased Abeta production in the context of decreased overall APP expression, achieved by addition of the Swedish FAD mutation to the APP transgene in a second line of mice, further increased synaptic transmission deficits in young APP mice without plaques. These results suggest a neurotoxic effect of Abeta that is independent of plaque formation. (+info)Novel neuritic clusters with accumulations of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid precursor-like protein 2 immunoreactivity...
Anti-β-Amyloid Precursor-Like Protein 1, C-Terminal (643-653) Rabbit pAb | 171615
Purification and aggregation of the amyloid precursor protein intracellular domain<...
The Rat Central Nervous System Expresses Alzheimers Amyloid Precursor Protein APP<sub>695</sub>, but Not APP<sub>677</sub...
Production of glycosylated soluble amyloid precursor protein alpha (sAPPalpha) in Leishmania tarentolae - MDC Repository
Gene expression profiles of transcripts in amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice: Up-regulation of mitochondrial metabolism...
Localization of Genes Potentially Controlling Susceptibility to the Lethal Effects of Alzheimers Amyloid Precursor Protein in...
APBA2 (amyloid beta precursor protein binding family A member 2)
MAPPING THE TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATORY NETWORK OF THE AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN INTRACELLULAR DOMAIN (AICD) | [email protected]
The Functions of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Gene and Its Derivative Peptides: I Molecular Biology and Metabolic Processing
Tol2 Gene Trap Integrations in the Zebrafish Amyloid Precursor Protein by Hsin-Kai Liao, Ying Wang et al.
Cell Cycle-Dependent Regulation of the Phosphorylation and Metabolism of the Alzheimer Amyloid Precursor Protein - CSHL...
Three-Dimensional Structure Of The Amyloid Precursor Protein Intracellular Domain (AICD) In Complex With Human FE65-PTB2 -...
Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Amyloid Precursor Protein Exhibit Early Metabolic Deficits and a Pathologically Low Leptin State...
Alvocidib biological activity | Role of NK1 and NK2 receptors in mouse gastric mechanical activity
The apolipoprotein E epsilon 4 allele does not influence the clinical expression of the amyloid precursor protein gene codon...
Amyloid Precursor Protein
Dynamics of β-Amyloid Reductions in Brain, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Plasma of β-Amyloid Precursor Protein Transgenic Mice...
β-Secretase Cleavage of Alzheimers Amyloid Precursor Protein by the Transmembrane Aspartic Protease BACE | Science
Pathological α-synuclein transmission initiated by binding lymphocyte-activation gene 3 | Science
Presenilin 1 mutations increase amyloid precursor protein production and proteolysis in Xenopus laevis oocytes<...
Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) controls excitatory/inhibitory synaptic inputs by regulating the transcriptional activator...
feh-1 and apl-1, the Caenorhabditis elegans orthologues of mammalian Fe65 and β-amyloid precursor protein genes, are involved...
Recombinant Human Amyloid Precursor Protein (ab124588)
ALZFORUM | NETWORKING FOR A CURE
The role of ADAM10 and ADAM17 in the ectodomain shedding of angiotensin converting enzyme and the amyloid precursor protein. -...
A novel γ-secretase assay based on detection of the putative C-terminal fragment-γ of amyloid β protein precursor<...
Neuronal overexpression of mutant amyloid precursor protein results in prominent deposition of cerebrovascular amyloid | PNAS
Human Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) ELISA Kit - emlinhibitor-emlinhibitor.com
Aging | Effects of senescence and angiotensin II on expression and processing of amyloid precursor protein in human cerebral...
APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein), eFluor 570, clone: 22C11, eBioscience™ 100μg; eFluor 570 APP (Amyloid Precursor Protein),...
Cystatin Cs Naughty Side-Slowing Aβ Degradation by Cathepsin B | ALZFORUM
Novel mutations introduced at the β-site of amyloid β protein precursor enhance the production of amyloid β peptide by BACE1 in...
Increased processing of APLP2 and APP with concomitantformation of APP intracellular domains in BDNF and retinoic acid...
Ubiquilin-1 regulates amyloid precursor protein maturation and degradation by stimulating K63-linked polyubiquitination of...
Amyloid beta antibody | acris-antibodies.com
Galectin 3- binding protein suppresses amyloid-β production by modulating β-cleavage of amyloid precursor protein<...
Amyloid precursor protein mRNA levels in Alzheimers disease brain
Antimicrobial activity of peptides derived from human ss-amyloid precursor protein
The Importance of Cannabis For Alzheimers Patients | Themocracy
Niina Koistinen, licentiatseminarium - Institutionen för neurokemi
CV. Nuestros investigadores. Investigación. Universidad de Navarra
Lack of Neurodegeneration in Transgenic Mice Overexpressing Mutant Amyloid Precursor Protein Is Associated with Increased...
First person - Eleftheria Pervolaraki | Disease Models & Mechanisms
Imaging distinct conformational states of amyloid-β fibrils in Alzheimers disease using novel luminescent probes
Missense mutations associated with familial Alzheimers disease in Sweden lead to the production of the amyloid peptide without...
Perturbations of the Straight Transmembrane alpha-Helical Structure of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Affect Its Processing by...
Delineating the physiological actions of the Alzheimers disease Amyloid Precursor Protein family « Styrian Brain Research...
Copper Depletion Down-regulates Expression of the Alzheimers Disease Amyloid-β Precursor Protein Gene<...
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
- beta-Secretase
Summary Report | CureHunter
β-Amyloid precursor protein and tau protein levels are differently regulated in human cerebellum compared to brain regions...
APP Metabolism Regulates Tau Proteostasis in Human Cerebral Cortex Neurons
Frontiers | Alzheimers Disease and Hippocampal Adult Neurogenesis; Exploring Shared Mechanisms | Neuroscience
Axonal transport, amyloid precursor protein, kinesin-1, and the processing apparatus: Revisited<...
Brain Ischemia: Alzheimers Disease Mechanisms - Nova Science Publishers
Neurodegeneration and Neurogenesis: Focus on Alzheimers Disease | BenthamScience
Anti-Human Presenilin-1 Antibody | Human Presenilin-1 Antibody | Presenilin-1 Antibody
TumorPortal
UBE1C - Wikipedia
USE OF BIOMARKERS OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE FOR DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND DRUG SCREENING - Patent application
1taw - Proteopedia, life in 3D
RCSB PDB
- 1CA0: BOVINE CHYMOTRYPSIN COMPLEXED TO APPI Methods Report Page
Cellular Mechanisms for the Release of Exosomes Containing the Amyloid Precursor Protein
Presenilin-1 mutations of leucine 166 equally affect the generation of the Notch and APP intracellular domains independent of...
APP gene - Genetics Home Reference
Alzheimers disease - Wikipedia
British Library EThOS: Investigations of age- and plaque-related learning deficits in PDAPP mice and evaluations of anti...
APP mutations in the Aβ coding region are associated with abundant cerebral deposition of Aβ38<...
Senile plaques - Wikipedia
New animal models of Alzheimers disease | The Florey - Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health
The PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway regulates Aβ oligomer induced neuronal cell cycle events | Molecular Neurodegeneration | Full Text
OptimAbᵀᴹ Beta-Amyloid 17-24 , Monoclonal Antibody, purified
MH84 improves mitochondrial dysfunction in a mouse model of early Alzheimers disease | Alzheimers Research & Therapy | Full...
Minocycline blocks c-terminal fragments of amyloid precursor protein-induced neurotoxicity by inhibition of cytochrome c...
Identification of novel N… - Göteborgs universitet
Beta Amyloid [1-40] Peptide | Abbiotec
Alzheimers disease - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Re-evaluation of soluble APP-α and APP-β in cerebrospinal fluid as potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of dementia...
Discovery and Evaluation of BMS-708163, a Potent, Selective and Orally Bioavailable gamma-Secretase Inhibitor<...
Patent US5981208 - Diagnostic assay for Alzheimers disease based on the proteolysis of the ... - Google Patents
Projektansicht | Alzheimer Forschung Initiative e.V. (AFI)
Functional proteomic analysis of altered protein signaling modules in Alzheimers disease :: University of Southern California...
Functional proteomic analysis of altered protein signaling modules in Alzheimers disease :: University of Southern California...
Amyloid beta-Protein (Human, 34-40) Antiserum (50 µL vial)
Activation of GSK-3 and phosphorylation of CRMP2 in transgenic mice expressing APP intracellular domain | JCB
SEPT8 modulates β-amyloidogenic processing of APP via affecting the sorting and accumulation of BACE1 | Journal of Cell Science
Frontiers | Ovarian Hormone-Dependent Effects of Dietary Lipids on APP/PS1 Mouse Brain | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
JCI -
NSAIDs and enantiomers of flurbiprofen target γ-secretase and lower Aβ42 in vivo
KEGG DISEASE: Alzheimer disease
Figures and data in Presynaptic APP levels and synaptic homeostasis are regulated by Akt phosphorylation of huntingtin | eLife
JCI -
Autophagy and neurodegeneration
Amyloid-beta precursor protein
"Mutation of the beta-amyloid precursor protein in familial Alzheimer's disease increases beta-protein production". Nature. 360 ... a reproductive regulator that modulates the processing of amyloid-beta precursor protein and amyloid-beta deposition". The ... Amyloid-beta precursor protein is an ancient and highly conserved protein. In humans, the gene APP is located on chromosome 21 ... Amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) is an integral membrane protein expressed in many tissues and concentrated in the synapses ...
Amyloid-beta precursor protein secretase
Among other roles in the cell, secretases act on the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) to cleave the protein into three ... Sequential cleavage by beta-secretase 1 (BACE) and gamma-secretase (γ-secretase) produces the amyloid-beta peptide fragment ... no amyloid beta is formed because α-secretase recognizes a target protein sequence closer to the cell surface than BACE. The ... BACE is a transmembrane protein with an extracellular aspartic acid protease domain. γ-secretase is actually a protein complex ...
Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
... skeletal muscle-specific Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase; Akt; Beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP); Huntingtin. ... For example, GAPDH interactions with beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) could interfere with its function regarding the ... GAPDH participates in a number of biological functions through its protein-protein interactions with: tubulin to facilitate ... where it ubiquitinates and degrades nuclear proteins during nitrosative stress conditions; GAPDH's competitor of Siah protein ...
CTNNBIP1
Chen Y, Bodles AM (2007). "Amyloid precursor protein modulates beta-catenin degradation". Journal of Neuroinflammation. 4: 29. ... Beta-catenin-interacting protein 1 is a protein that is encoded in humans by the CTNNBIP1 gene. The protein encoded by this ... Sharma M, Henderson BR (2007). "IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 regulates beta-catenin at membrane ruffles and its role ... 2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi: ...
APBB1IP
Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1-interacting protein (APBB1IP), also known as APBB1-interacting ... "Entrez Gene: amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding". Inagaki T, Suzuki S, Miyamoto T, Takeda T, Yamashita K, Komatsu A, ... 1997). "The WW domain of neural protein FE65 interacts with proline-rich motifs in Mena, the mammalian homolog of Drosophila ... protein 1 or Rap1-GTP-interacting adapter molecule (RIAM) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBB1IP gene. GRCh38: ...
Down syndrome research
APP is an Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein. It is suspected to have a major role in cognitive difficulties. Another gene, ETS2 ... Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): AMYLOID BETA A4 PRECURSOR PROTEIN; APP - 104760, gene located at 21q21. Retrieved ... Down syndrome individuals to develop Alzheimer's pathology is the gene that encodes the precursor of the amyloid protein. ... Neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques are commonly found in both Down syndrome and Alzheimer's individuals. Layer II of ...
APLP2
... Amyloid beta (A4) precursor-like protein 2". Leach R, Ko M, Krawetz SA (1999). "Assignment of amyloid-precursor-like ... "Association of a novel human FE65-like protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-amyloid precursor protein". Proceedings ... "APLP2 - Amyloid-like protein 2 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - APLP2 gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 2016-10-03 ... APLP2 is part of a family of mammalian membrane proteins along with APLP1 and amyloid precursor protein (APP). Since APP plays ...
Estrogen and neurodegenerative diseases
1994). "Estrogen regulates metabolism of Alzheimer amyloid beta precursor protein". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (18): ... Amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis is fundamental for production of Aβ peptides implicated in AD pathology. By using a ... Amyloid plaques formed by amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and neurofibrillary tangles formed by tau protein phosphorylation are ... The role of estrogens is mostly mediated by two nuclear receptors (ER alpha and ER beta) and a membrane-associated G-protein ( ...
Beta-secretase 2
... cleaves at the beta site and within the amyloid-beta region of the amyloid-beta precursor protein". Proceedings of the National ... Amyloid beta peptide is generated by proteolytic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein by 2 proteases, one of which is the ... "Human aspartic protease memapsin 2 cleaves the beta-secretase site of beta-amyloid precursor protein". Proceedings of the ... cleaves the amyloid precursor protein at the beta-secretase site". Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences. 16 (5): 609-19. doi: ...
Christine Van Broeckhoven
Amyloid beta protein precursor gene and hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis, Science. 1990 June 1;248(4959):1120-2 ... in 1993 she and three other scientists were awarded the American Potamkin Prize for their work on the amyloid precursor protein ...
APBB3
Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBB3 gene. The ... 2004). "Generation of the beta-amyloid peptide and the amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragment gamma are potentiated by ... "Entrez Gene: APBB3 amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family B, member 3". Tanahashi H, Tabira T (1999). "Molecular ... It is found in the cytoplasm and binds to the intracellular domain of the Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid precursor protein ( ...
Tm2 domain containing 1
Kirfel G, Borm B, Rigort A, Herzog V (2002). "The secretory beta-amyloid precursor protein is a motogen for human epidermal ... This protein may be a target of neurotoxic beta-amyloid peptide, and may mediate cellular vulnerability to beta-amyloid peptide ... The protein encoded by this gene is a beta-amyloid peptide-binding protein. It contains a structural module related to that of ... "Beta-amyloid peptide binding protein does not couple to G protein in a heterologous Xenopus expression system". J. Neurosci. ...
APPBP1
The protein encoded by this gene binds to the beta-amyloid precursor protein. Beta-amyloid precursor protein is a cell surface ... APPBP1 (Amyloid Precursor Protein-Binding Protein 1) binds to the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) carboxy terminal domain. ... APPBP1 amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein 1". Chen Y, McPhie DL, Hirschberg J, Neve RL (March 2000). "The amyloid ... APPBP1 was first cloned and identified by its interaction with the C-terminus of beta-amyloid protein precursor (precursor to ...
KIAA0825
The other is the Amyloid-beta precursor protein. This protein is an integral membrane protein found most commonly in the ... September 2011). "Interactions of pathological hallmark proteins: tubulin polymerization promoting protein/p25, beta-amyloid, ... Several programs suggest that the secondary structure of the protein is mainly helices with only a few beta sheets. Analysis of ... The subcellular localization for the protein is predicted to be the nucleus and the cytoplasm. This suggests that the protein ...
Reelin
"Reelin in plaques of beta-amyloid precursor protein and presenilin-1 double-transgenic mice". Neuroscience Letters. 316 (3): ... "Interaction of cytosolic adaptor proteins with neuronal apolipoprotein E receptors and the amyloid precursor protein". The ... Reelin has been shown to interact with amyloid precursor protein, and, according to one in-vitro study, is able to counteract ... "Interaction of reelin with amyloid precursor protein promotes neurite outgrowth". The Journal of Neuroscience. 29 (23): 7459-73 ...
SHC3
"Tyrosine phosphorylation of the beta-amyloid precursor protein cytoplasmic tail promotes interaction with Shc". The Journal of ... SHC-transforming protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SHC3 gene. SHC3 has been shown to interact with RICS ... Nakamura T, Komiya M, Sone K, Hirose E, Gotoh N, Morii H, Ohta Y, Mori N (December 2002). "Grit, a GTPase-activating protein ... O'Bryan JP, Songyang Z, Cantley L, Der CJ, Pawson T (April 1996). "A mammalian adaptor protein with conserved Src homology 2 ...
Parvulin
2006). The prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates amyloid precursor protein processing and amyloid-beta production. Nature 440(7083): ... Absence of Pin1 activity in humans has also been implicated in the folding and processing of the amyloid precursor protein, ... Parvulin, a 92-amino acid protein discovered in E. coli in 1994, is the smallest known protein with prolyl isomerase activity, ... 2000). Proline isomerizarion and its catalysis in protein folding. In Mechanisms of Protein Folding 2nd ed. Ed. RH Pain. ...
CLSTN1
... enhance the X11-like protein-mediated stabilization of amyloid beta-protein precursor metabolism". The Journal of Biological ... enhance the X11-like protein-mediated stabilization of amyloid beta-protein precursor metabolism". The Journal of Biological ... "Coordinated metabolism of Alcadein and amyloid beta-protein precursor regulates FE65-dependent gene transactivation". The ... "Coordinated metabolism of Alcadein and amyloid beta-protein precursor regulates FE65-dependent gene transactivation". The ...
Beta-secretase 1
... , also known as beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1, beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1 ... "Beta-secretase cleavage of Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein by the transmembrane aspartic protease BACE". Science. 286 ( ... "Expression and activity of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme in Alzheimer's disease". Biochemical Society ... Drugs to block this enzyme (BACE inhibitors) in theory would prevent the buildup of beta-amyloid and (per the Amyloid ...
APBB2
The protein encoded by this gene interacts with the cytoplasmic domains of amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein and amyloid beta ... Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBB2 gene. ... 2004). "Generation of the beta-amyloid peptide and the amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragment gamma are potentiated by ... "Association of a novel human FE65-like protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-amyloid precursor protein". Proc. Natl. ...
UBB+1
"Frameshift mutants of beta amyloid precursor protein and ubiquitin-B in Alzheimer's and Down patients". Science. 279 (5348): ... Dennissen FJ, Kholod N, Steinbusch HW, Van Leeuwen FW (2010). "Misframed proteins and neurodegeneration: a novel view on ...
NECAB3
The protein encoded by this gene interacts with the amino-terminal domain of the amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding ... "Entrez Gene: APBA2BP amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family A, member 2 binding protein". Human NECAB3 genome ... may play an important role in the regulatory system of amyloid precursor protein metabolism and beta-amyloid generation. This ... "Regulation of X11L-dependent amyloid precursor protein metabolism by XB51, a novel X11L-binding protein". J Biol Chem. 275 (30 ...
Joseph Buxbaum
"Processing of Alzheimer beta/A4 amyloid precursor protein: modulation by agents that regulate protein phosphorylation". ... factor alpha converting enzyme is involved in regulated alpha-secretase cleavage of the Alzheimer amyloid protein precursor". ... "Correlation between elevated levels of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and cognitive decline". JAMA. 283 (12): 1571-1577. doi ... In Alzheimer disease, Buxbaum has conducted several cell-biological and patient-based analyses of APP and A-beta and he and his ...
APBB1
"Regulation of beta-amyloid secretion by FE65, an amyloid protein precursor-binding protein". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (12): 7952-7. ... Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family B member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBB1 gene. The ... "Association of a novel human FE65-like protein with the cytoplasmic domain of the beta-amyloid precursor protein". Proceedings ... "Fe65 and the protein network centered around the cytosolic domain of the Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein". FEBS Lett ...
Carboxypeptidase B2
Matsumoto A, Itoh K, Matsumoto R (2000). "A novel carboxypeptidase B that processes native beta-amyloid precursor protein is ... Mosnier LO, Meijers JC, Bouma BN (2002). "The role of protein S in the activation of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis ... Mosnier LO, Elisen MG, Bouma BN, Meijers JC (2002). "Protein C inhibitor regulates the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex in the ... After thrombin activation, the mature protein downregulates fibrinolysis. Polymorphisms have been described for this gene and ...
Cytochrome c oxidase
"Regional brain cytochrome oxidase activity in beta-amyloid precursor protein transgenic mice with the Swedish mutation". ... The complex is a large integral membrane protein composed of several metal prosthetic sites and 14 protein subunits in mammals ... Aledo JC, Valverde H, Ruíz-Camacho M, Morilla I, López FD (October 2014). "Protein-protein interfaces from cytochrome c oxidase ... Soltys BJ, Gupta RS (1999). "Mitochondrial proteins at unexpected cellular locations: export of proteins from mitochondria from ...
FBLN1
Ohsawa I, Takamura C, Kohsaka S (Mar 2001). "Fibulin-1 binds the amino-terminal head of beta-amyloid precursor protein and ... FBLN1 has been shown to interact with: NOV/CCN3, amyloid precursor protein, entactin, fibrinogen, and fibronectin. ... a novel protein that interacts with the fibronectin receptor beta subunit cytoplasmic domain". Cell. 58 (4): 623-9. doi:10.1016 ... Pan TC, Kluge M, Zhang RZ, Mayer U, Timpl R, Chu ML (Aug 1993). "Sequence of extracellular mouse protein BM-90/fibulin and its ...
Michael Mullan
"Early-onset Alzheimer's disease caused by mutations at codon 717 of the beta-amyloid precursor protein gene". Nature. 353 (6347 ... Subsequently, he was a co-inventor on the original patents that covered three mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) ... "Amyloid precursor protein in alzheimer's disease", published 1998-08-18 Goate A, Chartier-Harlin MC, Mullan M, Brown J, ... "Segregation of a missense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene with familial Alzheimer's disease". Nature. 349 (6311 ...
Cathepsin
... B may function as a beta-secretase 1, cleaving amyloid precursor protein to produce amyloid beta. Overexpression of ... After protein concentration is determined, equal amounts of tissue protein are loaded into a gel. The protein is then allowed ... Deficiencies in this protein are linked to multiple forms of galactosialidosis. The cathepsin A activity in lysates of ... Hook, Gregory; Hook, Vivian; Kindy, Mark (2011-01-01). "The cysteine protease inhibitor, E64d, reduces brain amyloid-β and ...
CTCF
"The zinc finger protein CTCF binds to the APBbeta domain of the amyloid beta-protein precursor promoter. Evidence for a role in ... This protein was found to be binding to three regularly spaced repeats of the core sequence CCCTC and thus was named CCCTC ... This model has been demonstrated by the previous work on the beta-globin locus. The binding of CTCF has been shown to have many ... This is in line with the concept that a subpopulation of CTCF associates with the RNA polymerase II (Pol II) protein complex to ...
LECT2
The secreted protein consists of 133`amino acids (mouse Lect2 consists of two varieties a typical 151 amino acid protein and an ... It has been found repeatedly that the mere presence of LECT2 amyloid tissue deposits does not necessarily indicate the presence ... 2004). "Identification of the leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 as a direct target gene of beta-catenin in the liver". ... elevated in individuals not only with diagnosed metabolic syndrome but also with a characteristic of and possible precursor to ...
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP), Presenilin (PS) 1 and PS2 genes can result in increased rates of cleavage of ... Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a form of angiopathy in which amyloid beta peptide deposits in the walls of small to ... The condition is usually associated with amyloid beta. However, there are types involving other amyloid peptides: the " ... In all cases, it is defined by the deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) in the leptomeningal and cerebral vessel walls. CAA ...
Meldonium
... meldonium increased cognition and mental performance by reducing amyloid beta deposition in the hippocampus. The mechanism of ... γ-Butyrobetaine is a precursor in the biosynthesis of carnitine.[better source needed] Meldonium is a white crystalline powder ... This complex is then transported through the inner mitochondrial membrane via a transporter protein called carnitine- ... In the mitochondria themselves, meldonium also competitively inhibits the carnitine shuttle protein SLC22A5. This results in ...
Index of biochemistry articles
... protein isoform - protein nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - protein P16 - protein P34cdc2 - protein precursor - protein ... beta-2 microglobulin - beta adrenergic receptor - beta sheet - beta-1 adrenergic receptor - beta-2 adrenergic receptor - beta- ... amyloid - anabolism - anaerobic respiration - analytical chemistry - androgen receptor - angiotensin - angiotensin II - ... protein - protein biosynthesis - Protein Data Bank - protein design - protein expression - protein folding - ...
MAP3K7IP2
... of N-CoR corepressor and Tip60 coactivator complexes links gene expression by NF-kappaB and beta-amyloid precursor protein". ... of N-CoR corepressor and Tip60 coactivator complexes links gene expression by NF-kappaB and beta-amyloid precursor protein". ... Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7-interacting protein 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K7IP2 ... "Entrez Gene: MAP3K7IP2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 interacting protein 2". Thienpont B, Zhang L, Postma AV ...
APBA2
Amyloid beta A4 precursor protein-binding family A member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the APBA2 gene. This ... enhance the X11-like protein-mediated stabilization of amyloid beta-protein precursor metabolism". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (49): ... "Entrez Gene: APBA2 amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family A, member 2 (X11-like)". Araki Y, Tomita S, Yamaguchi H ... Borg JP, Yang Y, De Taddéo-Borg M, Margolis B, Turner RS (1998). "The X11alpha protein slows cellular amyloid precursor protein ...
SNX8
The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is consecutively transported from the ER after its synthesis to the plasma membrane via the ... "Beta-amyloid toxicity modifier genes and the risk of Alzheimer's disease". American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease. 1 (2 ... are involved in protein-protein interactions. The SNX8 protein, even though is very similar to the other sorting nexins, ... SNX8 protein regulates cholesterol levels as an activator of the SREBPs (Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Proteins), which is ...
Estrogen receptor beta
Thus, ERβ helps control Aβ levels by maintaining the protein it is derived from, β-amyloid precursor protein. ERβ helps by up- ... The pathology of AD is also associated with accumulation of amyloid beta peptide (Aβ). While a proper concentration of Aβ in ... Brandenberger AW, Tee MK, Jaffe RB (March 1998). "Estrogen receptor alpha (ER-alpha) and beta (ER-beta) mRNAs in normal ovary, ... February 1998). "The complete primary structure of human estrogen receptor beta (hER beta) and its heterodimerization with ER ...
Ubiquitin
Higher levels of ubiquilin in the brain have been shown to decrease malformation of amyloid precursor protein (APP), which ... This compact globular beta-grasp fold is found in ubiquitin, UBLs, and proteins that comprise a ubiquitin-like domain, e.g. the ... coordinating the cellular localization of proteins, activating and inactivating proteins, and modulating protein-protein ... "Ubiquilin-1 is a molecular chaperone for the amyloid precursor protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 286 (41): 35689- ...
Interleukin 1-alpha
Both the 31kDa precursor form of IL-1α and its 18kDa mature form are biologically active. The 31 kDa IL-1α precursor is ... IL1A+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) This article incorporates text from ... The three-dimensional structure of the IL-1α contains an open-ended barrel composed entirely of beta-pleated strands. Crystal ... serum amyloid A inducer or hepatocyte-stimulating factor (HSP), catabolin, hemopoetin-1 (H-1), endogenous pyrogen (EP), and ...
C99 (disambiguation)
... a fragment of the amyloid precursor protein created by beta-secretase C99Shell, also known as C99, is a malicious web shell C99 ...
GAB2
... in playing a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease via its interaction with tau and amyloid precursor proteins. GAB2 ... Yu WM, Hawley TS, Hawley RG, Qu CK (April 2002). "Role of the docking protein Gab2 in beta(1)-integrin signaling pathway- ... GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 also known as GAB2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GAB2 gene. GAB2 is a docking ... GAB proteins were one of the first docking proteins identified in the mammalian signal transduction pathway. GAB2 along with ...
Laminin subunit alpha-1
Cáceres J, Brandan E (1997). "Interaction between Alzheimer's disease beta A4 precursor protein (APP) and the extracellular ... Zahedi K (1997). "Characterization of the binding of serum amyloid P to laminin". J. Biol. Chem. 272 (4): 2143-8. doi:10.1074/ ... "HIV-protein-mediated alterations in T cell interactions with the extracellular matrix proteins and endothelium". Arch. Immunol ... Laminin subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LAMA1 gene. Laminin, alpha 1 has been shown to interact ...
Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8
... such as amyloid precursor protein, to ApoER2. This protein aids in a cell's migrational functions. Knockout studies of FE65 ... The presence of amyloid beta (Aβ) protein deposits in neuronal extracellular space is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's ... of a decrease in expression of LRP8 is when gamma secretase cleaves LRP8 as well as the ligand amyloid precursor protein (APP ... New evidence suggests ApoER2 plays a major role in the regulation of amyloid-β formation in the brain. The amyloid-β peptide is ...
Epigenetics of neurodegenerative diseases
BACE1 is an enzymatic protein that cleaves the Amyloid Precursor Protein into the insoluble amyloid beta form, which then ... and by amyloid-beta senile plaques amyloid-beta senile plaques. Several genetic factors have been identified as contributing to ... combined with the observed increase in AD brains of BACE1-AS and corresponding increases in BACE1 protein and amyloid beta, ... including mutations to the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and presenilins 1 and 2 genes, and familial inheritance of ...
Lydia Villa-Komaroff
This paper provided the first direct evidence that a fragment of the amyloid precursor protein could kill neurons, and helped ... Before this publication, it was unclear whether amyloid beta was a byproduct of neuronal degeneration or a contributor to that ... amyloid beta) causes degeneration of brain cells (neurons), work done in conjunction with a postdoctoral fellow in her ... "Neurotoxicity of a fragment of the amyloid precursor associated with Alzheimer's disease". Science. 245 (4916): 417-420. ...
HSD17B10
... has been shown to interact with Amyloid precursor protein. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000072506 - Ensembl, May ... "An intracellular protein that binds amyloid-beta peptide and mediates neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease". Nature. 389 (6652 ... "A human brain L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase is identical to an amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein involved in ... "A human brain L-3-hydroxyacyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase is identical to an amyloid beta-peptide-binding protein involved in ...
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor
G-CSF has been shown to reduce inflammation, reduce amyloid beta burden, and reverse cognitive impairment in a mouse model of ... and Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signal ... White blood cells The G-CSF-receptor is present on precursor cells in the bone marrow, and, in response to stimulation by G-CSF ... The natural human glycoprotein exists in two forms, a 174- and 177-amino-acid-long protein of molecular weight 19,600 grams per ...
ACTC1
Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus ... Shuster CB, Lin AY, Nayak R, Herman IM (1997). "Beta cap73: a novel beta actin-specific binding protein". Cell Motility and the ... Cardiac alpha actin is a 42.0 kDa protein composed of 377 amino acids. Cardiac alpha actin is a filamentous protein extending ... ". "Protein Information - Basic Information: Protein COPaKB ID: P68032". Cardiac Organellar Protein Atlas Knowledgebase. ...
Leptin
"LEP - Leptin precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - LEP gene & protein". www.uniprot.org. Retrieved 8 May 2022. Mantzoros CS (April ... Greco SJ, Sarkar S, Johnston JM, Tezapsidis N (February 2009). "Leptin regulates tau phosphorylation and amyloid through AMPK ... activator of beta islet cells, and growth factor. In vertebrates, the nervous system consists of two main parts, the central ... Human leptin is a 16-kDa protein of 167 amino acids. A human mutant leptin was first described in 1997, and subsequently six ...
Presenilin
An important part of the disease process in Alzheimer's disease is the accumulation of Amyloid beta (Aβ) protein. To form Aβ, ... The best-characterized gamma-secretase substrates are the Notch receptor and amyloid precursor protein (APP). Presenilins' role ... January 1997). "Mutant presenilins of Alzheimer's disease increase production of 42-residue amyloid beta-protein in both ... or the amyloid precursor protein (APP) can be found. The majority of these cases carry mutant presenilin genes. ...
1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose
6-penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose have potent anti-aggregation effects on Alzheimer's amyloid beta proteins in vitro and ... It is a gallotannin and the precursor of ellagitannins. Pentagalloyl glucose can precipitate proteins, including human salivary ... Chen Y, Hagerman AE (February 2005). "Reaction pH and protein affect the oxidation products of beta-pentagalloyl glucose". Free ... The enzyme beta-glucogallin-tetrakisgalloylglucose O-galloyltransferase uses 1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose and 1,2,3,6-tetrakis-O- ...
Alternative abiogenesis scenarios
Primordial genetics: Information transfer in a pre-RNA world based on self-replicating beta-sheet amyloid conformers". Journal ... protein and lipid precursors in a cyanosulfidic protometabolism". Nature Chemistry. 7 (4): 301-307. Bibcode:2015NatCh...7..301P ... Maury, C. P. (2009). "Self-proagating beta-sheet polypeptide structures as prebiotic informational entities:The amyloid world ... The product molecule joins the precursor molecules, which in turn produce more product molecules from more precursor molecules ...
MAPK8IP1
... binds the cytoplasmic domain of the Alzheimer's beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP)". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (5): 3767-75. doi: ... 2001). "c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-interacting protein-1b/islet-brain-1 scaffolds Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein with ... and decrease IL-1 beta and MAP kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1) induced apoptosis in pancreatic beta cells. This protein also functions ... The protein encoded by this gene is a regulator of the pancreatic beta-cell function. It is highly similar to JIP-1, a mouse ...
Actin, cytoplasmic 2
Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein and pro-interleukin 1 beta as substrates of the protease from human immunodeficiency virus ... "Thymosin beta 10 and thymosin beta 4 are both actin monomer sequestering proteins". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 268 (1 ... A Thr278Ile mutation was identified in helix 9 of gamma-actin protein, which is predicted to alter protein structure. This ... Pedrotti B, Colombo R, Islam K (1995). "Microtubule associated protein MAP1A is an actin-binding and crosslinking protein". ...
Dock3
Chen Q, Kimura H, Schubert D (2002). "A novel mechanism for the regulation of amyloid precursor protein metabolism". J. Cell ... a transmembrane enzyme involved in the generation of beta amyloid (Aβ), accumulation of which is an important step in the ... Dock3 specifically activates the small G protein Rac. Dock3 was originally discovered in a screen for proteins that bind ... Dock3 is part of a large class of proteins (GEFs) which contribute to cellular signalling events by activating small G proteins ...
UBE1C
The encoded enzyme associates with AppBp1, an amyloid beta precursor protein binding protein, to form a heterodimer, and then ... Chen, Y; McPhie D L; Hirschberg J; Neve R L (March 2000). "The amyloid precursor protein-binding protein APP-BP1 drives the ... Chen Y, McPhie DL, Hirschberg J, Neve RL (2000). "The amyloid precursor protein-binding protein APP-BP1 drives the cell cycle ... The modification of proteins with ubiquitin is an important cellular mechanism for targeting abnormal or short-lived proteins ...
Carole LaBonne
"Overexpression of amyloid precursor protein A4 (beta-amyloid) immunoreactivity in genetically transformed cells: implications ... In subsequent work she demonstrated that Snail-family proteins are required for both establishing the neural crest stem cell ...
Apba2 MGI Mouse Gene Detail - MGI:1261791 - amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family A, member 2
PR:000004116 amyloid-beta A4 precursor protein-binding family A member 2 ... protein coding gene. Chr7:64151308-64403626 (+). 129S1/SvImJ MGP_129S1SvImJ_G0032339. protein coding gene. Chr7:65646611- ... protein coding gene. Chr7:67286145-67518754 (+). CAST/EiJ MGP_CASTEiJ_G0031372. protein coding gene. Chr7:57046864-57311838 (+) ... protein coding gene. Chr7:66384452-66629392 (+). C57BL/6NJ MGP_C57BL6NJ_G0032823. protein coding gene. Chr7:68490268-68768190 ...
Human Amyloid beta (A4) Precursor Protein (APP) Protein (Myc-DYKDDDDK Tag), Recombinant | ABIN2714676
Precursor Protein (APP) Protein (Myc-DYKDDDDK Tag). Spezies: Human. Quelle: HEK-293 Cells. Jetzt Produkt ABIN2714676 bestellen. ... amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein, beta amyloid protein precursor-like, amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein a, amyloid beta ... APP (Amyloid beta (A4) Precursor Protein (APP)) Andere Bezeichnung Amyloid beta a4 Protein,app (APP Produkte) Synonyme AAA, ... APP (Amyloid beta (A4) Precursor Protein (APP)) Protein-Typ Recombinant Proteineigenschaft Transcript Variant 2 Spezies Alle ...
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 signaling in Alzheimer's disease : regulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein processing and...
... regulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein processing and amyloid beta protein production Ly, Philip T.T. Abstract. Glycogen ... regulation of beta-amyloid precursor protein processing and amyloid beta protein production ... The Aβ peptide is generated through sequential cleavages of the β-amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ- ... The Aβ peptide is generated through sequential cleavages of the β-amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ- ...
The orphan drug dichloroacetate reduces amyloid beta-peptide production whilst promoting non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the...
... reduces amyloid beta-peptide production whilst promoting non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. PLoS ... whilst inhibiting β-secretase processing of endogenous amyloid precursor protein and the subsequent generation of amyloid beta- ... amyloid beta-peptide formation and has the additional benefit of generating a neuroprotective soluble amyloid precursor protein ... reduces amyloid beta-peptide production whilst promoting non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein ...
Presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein at a site corresponding to the S3 cleavage of...
The similar gamma-secretase cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) results in the secretion of amyloid beta- ... The similar gamma-secretase cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) results in the secretion of amyloid beta- ... Presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein at a site corresponding to the S3 cleavage of ...
RCSB PDB - 2FK3: Structure of the Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Copper Binding Domain in 'large unit cell' form
Structure of the Alzheimers Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) Copper Binding Domain in large unit cell form ... Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD ... Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD ... Amyloid beta A4 protein precursor. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H ... Structure of the Alzheimers Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) ...
Screening exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein gene in sporadic early-onset Alzheimer's disease
A total of 451 sEOAD samples were screened for known causative mutations in exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein ( ... Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Grant support * Z01 AG000950-06/Intramural NIH HHS/United States ... Screening exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein gene in sporadic early-onset Alzheimers disease Neurobiol Aging. ... A total of 451 sEOAD samples were screened for known causative mutations in exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein ( ...
MedlinePlus: Genes
Alzheimer's Disease and Sleep Disruption
The proteolytic processing of the precursor protein beta-amyloid. Image Credit: Ilusmedical / Shutterstock ... can significantly increase levels of beta-amyloid in the brain - one of the main toxic proteins that are linked to Alzheimers ... However, studies have shown a marked increase in beta-amyloid levels in the brains of patients with OSA compared to those who ... Lack of Sleep and Beta-Amyloid. Recent studies have shown that lack of sleep, for even one night, ...
Alcadein cleavages by amyloid β-precursor protein (APP) α- and γ-secretases generate small peptides, p3-Alcs, indicating...
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases Medicine & Life Sciences 66% * Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Medicine & Life Sciences 62% ... Alcadein cleavages by amyloid β-precursor protein (APP) α- and γ-secretases generate small peptides, p3-Alcs, indicating ... Alcadein cleavages by amyloid β-precursor protein (APP) α- and γ-secretases generate small peptides, p3-Alcs, indicating ... Alcadein cleavages by amyloid β-precursor protein (APP) α- and γ-secretases generate small peptides, p3-Alcs, indicating ...
Search Ageing-Associated Genes in Humans
amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein. APP. 95. APTX. aprataxin. APTX. 110. AR. androgen receptor. AR. ... platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide. PDGFRB. 87. PDPK1. 3-phosphoinositide dependent protein kinase 1. ... protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 1. PTPN1. 19. PTPN11. protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11. ... protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+ dependent, 1D. PPM1D. 227. PPP1CA. protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isozyme. ...
MMRRC:034839-JAX
Hemizygous: These R1.40 transgenic mice express all mRNA and protein isoforms of the human amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein ... A 650 kb YAC transgene containing the entire human amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (APP) gene, and approximately 250 kb of ... Altered metabolism of familial Alzheimers disease-linked amyloid precursor protein variants in yeast artificial chromosome ... Brain and plasma levels of amyloid beta-40 and -42 are variable as well (B6-R1.40 > 129S1-R1.40 > D2-R1.40). In addition, the ...
A Diet Enriched with the Omega-3 Fatty Acid Docosahexaenoic Acid Reduces Amyloid Burden in an Aged Alzheimer Mouse Model |...
Sisodia SS (1992) Beta-amyloid precursor protein cleavage by a membrane-bound protease. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 6075-6079. ... Constitutive alpha-secretase cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein in the furin-deficient LoVo cell line: involvement ... transgenic mouse model to evaluate the impact of dietary DHA on amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and amyloid burden. ... Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of DHA on Aβ production and amyloid precursor protein (APP) ...
Study on the Mechanisms and Experimental Verification of Cuscuta-Salvia (Tusizi-Danshen) in the Treatment of Polycystic Ovary...
Amyloid-beta precursor protein. 186. ESR1. Estrogen receptor. 187. DRD2. D (2) dopamine receptor ... 2.5 Establishment of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. To interpret the interaction between target proteins, the ... Second, a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was established. Core genes were selected using Cytoscape software plugin. ... Protein interactions with a confidence score , 0.4 were analyzed (Wang et al. 2020). Next, the nodes and score information were ...
Curcumin and cognition: a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of community-dwelling older adults | British...
2010) Curcumin decreases amyloid-beta peptide levels by attenuating the maturation of amyloid-beta precursor protein. J Biol ... 2005) Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo . J Biol ... 1985) Amyloid plaque core protein in Alzheimer disease and down syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 82, 4245-4249.CrossRefGoogle ... In addition to these properties, both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that curcumin can bind to the proteins β amyloid ...
Neurodegenerative Diseases | The New York Academy of Sciences
A high-throughput screen to identify inhibitors of amyloid beta-protein precursor processing. J. Biomol. Screen. 10: 1-12. ... Natural oligomers of the amyloid-beta protein specifically disrupt cognitive function. Nat. Neurosci. 8: 79-84.. Lesne, S., M. ... where his research group focuses on the amyloid precursor protein (APP), the neurobiology of signaling in the brain, and the ... A specific amyloid-β protein assembly in the brain impairs memory. Nature 440: 352-357.. Ramsden, M., L. Kotilinek, C. Forster ...
Modulation of β-amyloid precursor protein trafficking and processing by the low density lipoprotein receptor family<...
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Medicine & Life Sciences 66% * low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 Medicine & ... Aβ is produced by proteolytic processing of a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β- and γ-secretases ... Aβ is produced by proteolytic processing of a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β- and γ-secretases ... Aβ is produced by proteolytic processing of a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β- and γ-secretases ...
Tilo Kunath - Research output - University of Edinburgh Research Explorer
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor 100% * Neurons 53% * Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells 24% ... Amyloid precursor protein expression and processing are differentially regulated during cortical neuron differentiation. ... Multiomics analyses of HNF4a protein domain function during human pluripotent stem cell differentiation. Wang, Y., Tatham, M. H ... Sideroflexin 3 is a α-synuclein-1 dependent mitochondrial protein 2 that regulates synaptic morphology. Amorim, I., Graham, L. ...
Alzheimer Disease Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination, Stages of Alzheimer Disease
The fetal basis of amyloidogenesis: exposure to lead and latent overexpression of amyloid precursor protein and beta-amyloid in ... Long-term accumulation of amyloid-beta, beta-secretase, presenilin-1, and caspase-3 in damaged axons following brain trauma. Am ... The beta-amyloid fragments begin coming together into clumps outside the cell, then join other molecules and non-nerve cells to ... New perspectives on amyloid-beta dynamics after acute brain injury: moving between experimental approaches and studies in the ...
The neurogenomic transition from territory establishment to parenting in a territorial female songbird | BMC Genomics | Full...
... most notably amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) (Fig. 2). The VmT and HYPO shared 55 DEG (Fig. 1a), and the log2 fold change ... Protein kinases, such as those involved in the MAPK signaling pathway found here, are also implicated in the control of ... Boseret G, Ball GF, Balthazart J. The microtubule-associated protein doublecortin is broadly expressed in the telencephalon of ... neuropeptide VF precursor; NPVF) or have unknown functions in the brain (luteinizing hormone receptor; LHCGR [76]). This ...
alzheimers-disease
Nonamyloidogenic processing of amyloid beta precursor protein is associated with retinal function improvement in aging male APP ... Joly S, Lamoureux S, Pernet V (2017) Nonamyloidogenic processing of amyloid beta precursor protein is associated with retinal ... Objective: To determine amyloid beta role in the aging retina in Alzheimers Disease ... Expression of regulator of G-protein signaling 14 of 414 amino acids (RGS14414) restored ORM in memory-deficient PRh-lesioned ...
Simple model systems: a challenge for Alzheimer's disease | SpringerLink
The discovery of specific genes and proteins associated with AD, and the development of new technologies for the production of ... the amyloid precursor protein (APP). According to the amyloid hypothesis cascade, the beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide deposits are ... Daigle I, Li C: apl-1, a Caenorhabditis elegans gene encoding a protein related to the human beta-amyloid protein precursor. ... Plaques are formed mostly from the deposition of amyloid beta (Ab) a peptide derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP). The ...
KEGG VARIANT: 351v1
Early-onset Alzheimers disease caused by mutations at codon 717 of the beta-amyloid precursor protein gene. ... In vitro studies of amyloid beta-protein fibril assembly and toxicity provide clues to the aetiology of Flemish variant (Ala692 ... nt06412 Unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling. nt06414 Apoptosis. nt06417 AGE-RAGE signaling. nt06418 Oxidative ...
Turmeric Produces 'Remarkable' Recovery in Alzheimer's Patients
Curcumin decreases amyloid-beta peptide levels by attenuating the maturation of amyloid-beta precursor protein. ... The inhibitory effects of different curcuminoids onβ-amyloid protein, β-amyloid precursor protein and β-site amyloid precursor ... Curcumin inhibits formation of amyloid beta oligomers and fibrils, binds plaques, and reduces amyloid in vivo. Neurochem Int. ... possessing neuroprotective-neurorescue and amyloid precursor protein-processing regulatory activities as therapeutic agents. ...
Kelly L Jordan-sciutto | Faculty | About Us | Perelman School of Medicine | Perelman School of Medicine at the University of...
HIV Protease Inhibitors Alter Amyloid Precursor Protein Processing via beta-Site Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzyme-1 ... beta-amyloid, and HIV-infected macrophage supernatant. These studies are aimed at determining how cell cycle proteins regulate ... 5. Regulation of Nrf2 nuclear transport in neurons responding to oxidative stress, beta amyloid, neuroprotective factors, and ... Jordan-Sciutto, K. L.: Serum amyloid A: an ozone-induced circulating factor with potentially important functions in the lung- ...
Publications from CCI Users and Staff | University of Gothenburg
"Beta-Amyloid Precursor Protein-B Is Essential for Mauthner Cell Development in the Zebrafish in a Notch-Dependent Manner." Dev ... Title: The physiological processing of Alzheimer-associated amyloid beta precursor protein in human and animal-derived neuronal ... The zebrafish amyloid precursor protein-b is required for motor neuron guidance and synapse formation. Abramsson A, Kettunen P ... "Amyloid Precursor Protein Expression and Processing Are Differentially Regulated During Cortical Neuron Differentiation." Sci ...
Neuroprotective role of MMP-9 overexpression in the brain of Alzheimer's 5xFAD mice<...
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor Medicine & Life Sciences 21% * Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Medicine & Life Sciences 19% ... In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) is cleaved within the Aβ peptide sequence by α- ... In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) is cleaved within the Aβ peptide sequence by α- ... In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) is cleaved within the Aβ peptide sequence by α- ...
Involvement of Free Radicals in the Development and Progression of Alzheimer's Disease | IntechOpen
βA1-42 results from hydrolysis of the amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase in a process known as the amyloidogenic pathway ... proteins, and nucleic acids, thereby contributing to neurodegeneration. In addition, βA1-42 is recognized by microglial ... Amyloid beta-peptide of 42 amino acid residues (Aβ1-42) is the main source of FRs in patients with AD. ... Coordination of redox active metal ions to the amyloid precursor protein and to amyloid-beta peptides involved in Alzheimer ...
Notch signaling functions in noncanonical juxtacrine manner in platelets to amplify thrombogenicity | eLife
Characterization of platelet-releasable forms of beta-amyloid precursor proteins: the effect of thrombin ... 2001) Amyloid precursor protein and amyloid β peptide in human platelets Journal of Biological Chemistry 276:17036-17043. ... "involvement of γ-secretase in the cleavage of cleavage of amyloid-precursor proteins (APP) releasing amyloid-β (Aβ), etc." to ... "involvement of γ-secretase in the cleavage of cleavage of amyloid-precursor proteins (APP) releasing amyloid-β (Aβ), etc." to ...
ProteolyticPeptidesAccumulationCleavageMutationDepositionLevels of beta-amyloidPlaquesAbetaSoluble amyloidMembraneNeuronalNeurofibrillary tanglesAlzheimer's DiseaseSequentialMetabolismProteolysisBrainAlzheimer DiseaseCodonHypothesisSecretasesGeneReceptorsEnzymeSynapticIntracellularAmino acidMutationsCleavesDiseaseDepositsPathologyPathwayPolypeptideVitro1991IncreasesNeurodegenerationBurden2017MRNA and proteinAmyloidogenicUrineAggregate
Proteolytic7
- These neurotoxic peptides are generated from the amyloid precursor protein via sequential cleavage by β- and γ-secretases in the 'amyloidogenic' proteolytic pathway. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD pathogenesis. (rcsb.org)
- The proteolytic processing of the precursor protein beta-amyloid. (news-medical.net)
- Moreover, proteolytic processing of Alc proteins appears highly similar to that of APP. (elsevier.com)
- Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) accumulation in the brain is an early, toxic event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Aβ is produced by proteolytic processing of a transmembrane protein, β-amyloid precursor protein (APP), by β- and γ-secretases. (elsevier.com)
- 1991 ) Alzheimer beta/A4 amyloid precursor protein in human brain: aging-associated increases in holoprotein and in a proteolytic fragment. (neurotree.org)
- BACE1_HUMAN ] Responsible for the proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). (proteopedia.org)
Peptides7
- The amyloid cascade hypothesis proposes that excessive accumulation of amyloid beta-peptides is the initiating event in Alzheimer's disease. (lancs.ac.uk)
- In SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, dichloroacetate enhanced sAPPα generation whilst inhibiting β-secretase processing of endogenous amyloid precursor protein and the subsequent generation of amyloid beta-peptides. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Single beta-amyloid peptides, after misfolding, can aggregate and form fibrils and successively plaques. (springer.com)
- It is cleaved by AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN SECRETASES to produce peptides of varying amino acid lengths. (bvsalud.org)
- A 39-42 amino acid peptide, AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES is a principal component of the extracellular amyloid in SENILE PLAQUES . (bvsalud.org)
- The common precursor polypeptide of pancreatic GLUCAGON and intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. (bvsalud.org)
- [ 138 , 139 , 140 ] The author's studies determined the ability of these various candidate beta-sheet breaker peptides to inhibit amyloidlike fibril formation of PrP109-141 using a fluorometric assay based on the fluorescence emission of thioflavine T. (medscape.com)
Accumulation4
- Together, these results suggest that dietary DHA could be protective against β-amyloid production, accumulation, and potential downstream toxicity. (jneurosci.org)
- Accumulation of amyloid-β (Αβ) peptide is believed to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). (umn.edu)
- Copper exposure resulted in altered accumulation of a precursor protein that produces beta amyloid brain plaque as well as tau protein. (knowledgeofhealth.com)
- This mutation causes increased accumulation of amyloid-beta protein in the walls of cerebral arteries and capillaries. (cdc.gov)
Cleavage8
- Presenilin-dependent gamma-secretase processing of beta-amyloid precursor protein at a site corresponding to the S3 cleavage of Notch. (escholarship.org)
- The similar gamma-secretase cleavage of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (betaAPP) results in the secretion of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta). (escholarship.org)
- However, the magnitudes of C-terminal alteration of p3-Alc α , p3-Alc β , and p3-Alc γ were not equivalent, suggesting that one type of γ-secretase dysfunction does not appear in the phenotype equivalently in the cleavage of type I membrane proteins. (elsevier.com)
- The metabolic processing of APP that results in Ab formation requires two enzymatic cleavage events, a b-secretase cleavage by the aspartyl protease beta-site APP-cleaving enzyme (BACE) and a g-secretase cleavage dependent on presenilin. (springer.com)
- Cleavage of APP at the N-terminus of the A beta peptide by beta-secretase and at the C-terminus by one or more gamma-secretases constitutes the beta-amyloidogenic pathway, i.e. the pathway by which A beta is formed. (justia.com)
- Cleavage of APP by alpha-secretase produces alpha-sAPP, a secreted form of APP that does not result in beta-amyloid plaque formation. (justia.com)
- An aspartyl protease has been identified as the enzyme responsible for processing of APP at the beta-secretase cleavage site. (justia.com)
- Caspase 3 participates in cleavage of Amyloid beta 4A precursor protein which is implicated with neuronal death Alzheimer's disease. (neuromics.com)
Mutation5
- These R1.40 transgenic mice express all mRNA and protein isoforms of the human amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein APP containing the Familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD) Swedish mutation K670N/M671L. (mmrrc.org)
- A 650 kb YAC transgene containing the entire human amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (APP) gene, and approximately 250 kb of flanking sequence, was altered to include the Swiss mutation K670N/M671L associated with Familial Alzheimer's Disease (FAD). (mmrrc.org)
- Most forms of HCHWA (Dutch, Arctic, Piedmont, Iowa, Flemish and Italian) are due to a point-mutation in the APP gene on chromosome 21q21.2, which encodes the beta-amyloid precursor protein. (cdc.gov)
- Only one form of HCHWA, Icelandic type, is due to a mutation in the CST3 gene on chromosome 20p11.2, encoding the precursor protein cystatin C. (cdc.gov)
- The researchers found that the man had a mutation in a gene coding for a protein called reelin, which is associated with brain disorders including schizophrenia and autism. (cdc.gov)
Deposition7
- Therefore, APP processing and amyloid beta metabolism and deposition are modified by the genetic background. (mmrrc.org)
- Plaques are formed mostly from the deposition of amyloid beta (Ab) a peptide derived from amyloid precursor protein (APP). (springer.com)
- The number of reactive astrocytes increases in AD, phagocytizing and reducing amyloid β (Aβ) deposition because these cells surround amyloid plaques and secrete proinflammatory factors [ 13 , 14 ]. (medsci.org)
- These compounds include inhibitors of the beta-secretase enzyme that are useful in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other diseases characterized by deposition of A beta peptide in a mammal. (justia.com)
- Deposition of A beta in areas of the brain responsible for cognitive activities is a major factor in the development of AD. (justia.com)
- Several lines of evidence indicate that progressive cerebral deposition of beta-amyloid peptide (A beta) plays a seminal role in the pathogenesis of AD and can precede cognitive symptoms by years or decades. (justia.com)
- Describes a group of rare familial central nervous system disorders characterised by amyloid deposition in the cerebral blood vessels leading to haemorrhagic and non-haemorrhagic strokes, focal neurological deficits, and progressive cognitive decline eventually leading to dementia. (cdc.gov)
Levels of beta-amyloid3
- Recent studies have shown that lack of sleep, for even one night, can significantly increase levels of beta-amyloid in the brain - one of the main toxic proteins that are linked to Alzheimer's disease. (news-medical.net)
- During sleep, the brain uses its own glymphatic system (the brain's own drainage system) to wash out excessive levels of beta-amyloid and other metabolites that accumulate. (news-medical.net)
- Aluminum increases levels of beta-amyloid and ubiquitin in neuroblastoma but not in glioma cells. (cdc.gov)
Plaques10
- Recent studies indicated that GSK3 also involved in the formation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies: neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaques. (ubc.ca)
- Neurofibrillary tangles develop when abnormal tau proteins accumulate inside neurons and form insoluble filaments, and amyloid plaques develop when the amyloid β protein (Aβ) accumulates in increasingly insoluble forms. (ubc.ca)
- The morphologic features observed in AD patients at autopsy include both extracellular amyloid deposits as amyloid senile plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles (NFT). (springer.com)
- The prominent features of AD include amyloid plaques, intraneuronal tangles, cell death, inflammatory changes and oxidative stress [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. (medsci.org)
- More specifically, it relates to such compounds that are capable of inhibiting beta-secretase, an enzyme that cleaves amyloid precursor protein to produce amyloid beta peptide (A beta), a major component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer's sufferers. (justia.com)
- Alzheimer's disease is characterized by two major pathologic observations in the brain: neurofibrillary tangles and beta amyloid (or neuritic) plaques, comprised predominantly of an aggregate of a peptide fragment know as A beta. (justia.com)
- Individuals with AD exhibit characteristic beta-amyloid deposits in the brain (beta amyloid plaques) and in cerebral blood vessels (beta amyloid angiopathy) as well as neurofibrillary tangles. (justia.com)
- Amyloidogenic plaques and vascular amyloid angiopathy also characterize the brains of individuals with Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome), Hereditary Cerebral Hemorrhage with Amyloidosis of the Dutch-Type (HCHWA-D), and other neurodegenerative disorders. (justia.com)
- Beta-amyloid plaques are predominantly composed of amyloid beta peptide (A beta, also sometimes designated betaA4). (justia.com)
- The study challenges the theory that Alzheimer's disease is primarily driven by amyloid plaques, which are the targets of several drugs recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. (cdc.gov)
Abeta3
- 2017) The diphenylpyrazole compound anle138b blocks Abeta channels and rescues disease phenotypes in a mouse model for amyloid pathology. (tu-braunschweig.de)
- Amyloid-beta (Abeta) is a 36-43 amino acid peptide that is derived by processing of the beta-amyloid precursor protein (APP). (nel.edu)
- At a low concentration (10 uM), aluminum sulfate stimulated the level of immunoreactive Abeta and ubiquitin in NBP2 cells without changing the levels of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). (cdc.gov)
Soluble amyloid3
- Alternatively, the amyloid precursor protein can be processed via the 'non-amyloidogenic' pathway which, through the action of the α-secretase a disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM) 10, both precludes amyloid beta-peptide formation and has the additional benefit of generating a neuroprotective soluble amyloid precursor protein fragment, sAPPα. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Homocysteine metabolism is associated with cerebrospinal fluid levels of soluble amyloid precursor protein and amyloid beta. (cdc.gov)
- High Soluble Amyloid-?42 Predicts Normal Cognition in Amyloid-Positive Individuals with Alzheimer's Disease-Causing Mutations. (cdc.gov)
Membrane4
- Alcadeins (Alcs) constitute a family of neuronal type I membrane proteins, designated Alc α , Alc β , and Alc γ . (elsevier.com)
- The main constituent of the amyloid deposits is an amphiphilic peptide, derived by proteolysis from a large membrane spanning precursor protein, the amyloid precursor protein (APP). (springer.com)
- Glucose is the main energy source used by brain cells and its transport across the plasma membrane is mediated by a specific family of membrane proteins known as glucose transporters (GLUTs) ( Shepherd and Kahn, 1999 ). (frontiersin.org)
- A single-pass type I membrane protein. (bvsalud.org)
Neuronal8
- We are specifically interested in the role of cell cycle proteins, the endogenous antioxidant response and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response in neuronal dysfunction and damage. (upenn.edu)
- We hypothesize that neuronal response to these neurodegenerative stimuli includes alterations in expression and/or activity of cell cycle proteins. (upenn.edu)
- These studies are aimed at determining how cell cycle proteins regulate neuronal survival in response to varied and conflicting stimuli. (upenn.edu)
- Interestingly, neurons responding to HIV-infected macrophage supernatants (our in vitro model of neuronal response to inflammatory infiltrate which mediates HIV encephalitis) activate calpain and increase E2F1 protein levels. (upenn.edu)
- In the present study, we demonstrate that neuronal overexpression of MMP-9 in a transgenic AD mouse model harboring five familial AD-related mutations (5xFAD) resulted in increased sAPPα levels and decreased Aβ oligomers without affecting amyloid plaque load in the brain. (umn.edu)
- Korte M (2019) Neuronal function of Alzheimer's protein. (tu-braunschweig.de)
- 1989 ) An analysis of postmortem brain samples from 32 alcoholic and nonalcoholic individuals for protein III, a neuronal phosphoprotein. (neurotree.org)
- Data from our laboratory demonstrated that astrocytes increase neuronal viability and mitochondrial biogenesis, protecting from oxidative stress and inflammation induced by toxic amyloid peptide [ 7 , 8 ]. (medsci.org)
Neurofibrillary tangles1
- Filamentous neurofibrillary tangles (NTF) are formed from paired helical filaments composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, a microtubule-associated protein. (springer.com)
Alzheimer's Disease11
- Early-onset Alzheimer's disease caused by mutations at codon 717 of the beta-amyloid precursor protein gene. (kegg.jp)
- Two of these studies are particularly promising, as they reveal that curcumin is capable of enhancing the clearance of the pathological amyloid-beta plaque in Alzheimer's disease patients, [6] and that in combination with vitamin D3 the neurorestorative process is further enhanced. (greenmedinfo.com)
- [7] Additional preclinical research indicates curcumin (and its analogs) has inhibitory and protective effects against Alzheimer's disease associated β-amyloid proteins. (greenmedinfo.com)
- Currently we are focusing our research efforts on the role of cell cycle proteins, the endogenous antioxidant response and unfolded protein response in three neurodegenerative disorders: HIV encephalitis (HIVE), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). (upenn.edu)
- Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) share pathological features, including amyloid-beta pathology. (uib.no)
- For Alzheimer's disease (AD), the focus is the amyloid beta peptide (Aß) that mediates familial Alzheimer's disease pathology. (plos.org)
- A recent report published in the Archives of Medical Research says: "In the case of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-β metabolism and tau protein have been exhaustively studied, both to no avail. (knowledgeofhealth.com)
- The clinical trial demonstrates that long-term oral intake of 8 mg of copper can be excluded as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease based on the measure of beta amyloid and tau protein in cerebral spinal fluid. (knowledgeofhealth.com)
- We still believe amyloid plays an important but complex role in Alzheimer's disease," David Reese, MD, executive vice president of Research and Development at Amgen, said in a statement. (medscape.com)
- Umibecestat joins a host of other amyloid-focused drugs that have failed to demonstrate a benefit in Alzheimer's disease. (medscape.com)
- Alzheimer's Disease and Amyloid: Time to Move On? (medscape.com)
Sequential1
- The Aβ peptide is generated through sequential cleavages of the β-amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase. (ubc.ca)
Metabolism5
- However, given that age is the greatest risk factor for AD, we explored an alternative drug discovery scheme that is based upon efficacy in multiple cell culture models of age-associated pathologies rather than exclusively amyloid metabolism. (plos.org)
- The assays include the loss of trophic support, oxidative stress, the reduction of energy metabolism ( in vitro ischemia and glucose starvation) and amyloid toxicity. (plos.org)
- The kidney is the major site of metabolism of light-chain proteins. (medscape.com)
- Metabolism (catabolism) of these filtered light-chain proteins depends on normal proximal tubular cell function, and damage to these cells can result in increased excretion of light-chain proteins in the urine. (medscape.com)
- involved PARs cyanide via G effectiveness histone( 4) and via the metabolism: system fructose of the G-protein( 5). (erik-mill.de)
Proteolysis5
- In the current study, we investigated whether the orphan drug, dichloroacetate, could alter amyloid precursor protein proteolysis. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Similar enhancement of ADAM-mediated amyloid precursor protein processing by dichloroacetate was observed in unrelated cell lines and the effect was not exclusive to the amyloid precursor protein as an ADAM substrate, as indicated by dichloroacetate-enhanced proteolysis of the Notch ligand, Jagged1. (lancs.ac.uk)
- Despite altering proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein, dichloroacetate did not significantly affect the expression/activity of α-, β- or γ-secretases. (lancs.ac.uk)
- In conclusion, dichloroacetate can inhibit amyloidogenic and promote non-amyloidogenic proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein. (lancs.ac.uk)
- A beta peptide is derived by proteolysis of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and is comprised of 39-42 amino acids. (justia.com)
Brain18
- However, during sleeplessness and lack of overall sleep (even as little as one night), the brain is not able to clear out beta-amyloid levels effectively, and thus levels can build up over time. (news-medical.net)
- Therefore, people suffering from insomnia should seek medical advice as soon as possible in order to delay or lower the amyloid burden in the brain. (news-medical.net)
- The Alcs express in neurons dominantly and largely colocalize with the Alzheimer amyloid precursor protein (APP) in the brain. (elsevier.com)
- Transgene expression (mRNA and full-length protein) is 2 to 3 fold the wild-type mouse App expression level in the hemizygous state in brain tissue as revealed by RT-PCR and Western Blot analysis. (mmrrc.org)
- Functionally, overexpression of MMP-9 prevented the cognitive deficits displayed by 5xFAD mice, an improvement that was accompanied by increased levels of the pre-synaptic protein synaptophysin and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain. (umn.edu)
- We also evaluated brain expression of Glucose Transporter (GLUT) proteins given their role in transmembrane glucose transport in neurons and microglial cells during stress conditions [ 16 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- Lab animals given drinking water with copper experienced measurable acceleration of brain plaque like beta amyloid whereas animals given filtered water did not. (knowledgeofhealth.com)
- Crystal Structure of a cycloamide-urethane-derived novel inhibitor bound to human brain memapsin 2 (beta-secretase). (proteopedia.org)
- Cycloamide-urethanes containing 14- to 16-membered rings exhibited low nanomolar inhibitory potencies against human brain memapsin 2 (beta-secretase). (proteopedia.org)
- Structure-based design of cycloamide-urethane-derived novel inhibitors of human brain memapsin 2 (beta-secretase). (proteopedia.org)
- Ghosh AK, Devasamudram T, Hong L, DeZutter C, Xu X, Weerasena V, Koelsch G, Bilcer G, Tang J. Structure-based design of cycloamide-urethane-derived novel inhibitors of human brain memapsin 2 (beta-secretase). (proteopedia.org)
- To explore the underlying synaptic basis of these effects, excitatory synapses represented by postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) were immunolabelled on a series of brain sections and stereologically quantified in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS), as well as in area CA1 of the dorsal hippocampus. (bvsalud.org)
- Post-mortem autoptic analysis shows the presence of amyloid ß deposits, neuroinflammation and severe brain atrophy. (bvsalud.org)
- If we start with the similarities in neurodegenerative disease (NDS), there are free radicals in the brain, neuroinflammation, proteins / structures that clump together, the cleansing of diseased cells and proteins that fail, dysfunctional synapses and damaged nerve cells / nerve tissue. (foodpharmacyco.com)
- Alzheimer's is the most common type of dementia where unhealthy proteins accumulate in the brain and the neurotransmitter acetylcholine decreases. (foodpharmacyco.com)
- In a healthy brain, unhealthy proteins are cleaned away, but in the brain of someone with Alzheimer's, this cleaning does not work, and so these levels build up over the years. (foodpharmacyco.com)
- A similar story with neuroinflammation and unhealthy proteins that clump together in the brain and disrupt neurons. (foodpharmacyco.com)
- The drugs effectively remove amyloid from the brain, but lead to only a moderate improvement in rates of cognitive decline. (cdc.gov)
Alzheimer Disease2
Codon1
- The formation of intracellular amyloid-like inclusions by mutant proteins is a feature of two groups of codon reiteration diseases, for which there are currently no treatments. (bmj.com)
Hypothesis1
- According to the amyloid hypothesis cascade, the beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide deposits are the fundamental cause of the disease [ 1 ]. (springer.com)
Secretases1
- In the non-amyloidogenic pathway, the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) is cleaved within the Aβ peptide sequence by α-secretases, giving rise to the potent neurotrophic N-terminal fragment sΑPPα. (umn.edu)
Gene1
- A total of 451 sEOAD samples were screened for known causative mutations in exons 16 and 17 of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) gene. (nih.gov)
Receptors2
- The filtered light-chain proteins, reabsorbed by the proximal tubular cells via the tandem megalin/cubilin receptors, are catabolized by lysosomal enzymes. (medscape.com)
- reabsorption chaperones via precursor virus Protease Activated Receptors( PARs). (erik-mill.de)
Enzyme4
- The beta-secretase enzyme has been disclosed using varied nomenclature, including BACE, Asp, and Memapsin. (justia.com)
- Umibecestat is a small molecule inhibitor of the beta-site amyloid precursor protein-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1). (medscape.com)
- Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) in tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids. (1elisakits.com)
- Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP) in samples from tissue homogenates, cell lysates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species. (1elisakits.com)
Synaptic2
- Using this approach, we identified an exceptionally potent, orally active, neurotrophic molecule that facilitates memory in normal rodents, and prevents the loss of synaptic proteins and cognitive decline in a transgenic AD mouse model. (plos.org)
- The proteins beta-amyloid form plaque, and tau form the ball which lead to dysfunctional neuron function, abnormal synaptic transmission, neuroinflammation and eventually neuron death. (foodpharmacyco.com)
Intracellular2
- Intracellular amyloid-like inclusions formed by mutant proteins result from polyglutamine expansions in Huntington's disease (HD) and polyalanine expansions in polyadenine binding protein 2 (PABP2) in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). (bmj.com)
- While storage and release of lipids are major functions of adipocytes, the adipocyte also uses specific lipid molecules for intracellular signaling and uses a host of protein factors to communicate with essentially every organ system in the body. (diabetesjournals.org)
Amino acid1
- Amyloid beta-peptide of 42 amino acid residues (Aβ1-42) is the main source of FRs in patients with AD. (intechopen.com)
Mutations1
- We demonstrate here that variant p3-Alc C termini are modulated by FAD-linked presenilin 1 mutations increasing minor β-amyloid species Aβ42, and these mutations alter the level of minor p3-Alc species. (elsevier.com)
Cleaves2
- Cleaves at the N-terminus of the A-beta peptide sequence, between residues 671 and 672 of APP, leads to the generation and extracellular release of beta-cleaved soluble APP, and a corresponding cell-associated C-terminal fragment which is later released by gamma-secretase. (proteopedia.org)
- Lin X, Koelsch G, Wu S, Downs D, Dashti A, Tang J. Human aspartic protease memapsin 2 cleaves the beta-secretase site of beta-amyloid precursor protein. (proteopedia.org)
Disease5
- Beta-amyloid is a defining feature of AD, now believed to be a causative precursor or factor in the development of disease. (justia.com)
- Brookmeyer, R et al,2007).Alzheimer 's disease is a type of a protein misfolding disease, caused by accretion of abnormally folded amyloid-beta and tau proteins in the encephalon. (freebooksummary.com)
- Genetic and transgenic studies are consistent with a model where expanded polyglutamines cause disease by conferring a novel toxic function on the disease proteins. (bmj.com)
- Thus, disease is associated with expansions of 12 or more uninterrupted alanines in this nuclear protein. (bmj.com)
- Inhibiting AKT with MK-2206 or MEK1/2 with U0126 for 24 hours in the absence of R5020 increased total and nuclear PRA and PRB protein levels in OSIS but not in eutopic endometrial stromal cells from disease-free patients from disease-free patients. (webpediatrica.com)
Deposits1
- in contrast to 14 month old homozygous B6-R1.40 mice, homozygous D2-R1.40 and 129S1-R1.40 mice do not develop amyloid beta deposits in the parietal or frontal cortex even by 20 months of age. (mmrrc.org)
Pathology1
- Furthermore, the elevations in beta-amyloid were shown to be accentuated in areas that are damaged in early Alzheimer's pathology, such as the hippocampus and the thalamus (involved in memory, for example). (news-medical.net)
Pathway3
- Our investigation of E2F1 has resulted in the discovery of a role for this protein in activation of a calpain-dependent death pathway which has not been previously described. (upenn.edu)
- βA1-42 results from hydrolysis of the amyloid precursor protein by β-secretase in a process known as the amyloidogenic pathway. (intechopen.com)
- This alternate pathway precludes the formation of A beta peptide. (justia.com)
Polypeptide2
- Another AD hallmark are the NFT, composed by neurofilaments and hyperphosphorylated tau protein, a microtubule associated polypeptide. (springer.com)
- The specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during protein folding, and the function of the protein. (lecturio.com)
Vitro2
- In vitro models of neurodegeneration in each of these diseases also exhibit alterations in cell cycle protein subcellular localization. (upenn.edu)
- In vitro findings are then used to assess potential roles for these proteins in animal models as well as autopsy tissue relevant to each neurodegenerative condition. (upenn.edu)
19911
- problems are G-protein associated rounds secreted by a Cerebrotendinous aggregation in an human ICA( Vu, 1991)( 3). (erik-mill.de)
Increases2
- Those who were sleep-deprived the most (who had the highest increases in beta-amyloid in the thalamus) also often experienced worse moods. (news-medical.net)
- Whether sustained normocortisolism induced by medical therapy induces re-expression of functional sst 2 protein in corticotroph adenomas and whether this increases the ACTH-lowering potency of octreotide remains to be established. (webpediatrica.com)
Neurodegeneration1
- Cam, JA & Bu, G 2006, ' Modulation of β-amyloid precursor protein trafficking and processing by the low density lipoprotein receptor family ', Molecular neurodegeneration , vol. 1, no. 1, 8. (elsevier.com)
Burden1
- Because effects of DHA on Alzheimer pathogenesis, particularly on amyloidosis, are unknown, we used the APPsw (Tg2576) transgenic mouse model to evaluate the impact of dietary DHA on amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and amyloid burden. (jneurosci.org)
20171
- Müller UC, Deller T, Korte M (2017) Not just amyloid: physiological functions of the amyloid precursor protein family. (tu-braunschweig.de)
MRNA and protein2
- We evaluated receptor mRNA and protein expression levels and effects of octreotide, pasireotide, and cabergoline on ACTH secretion by cultured human corticotroph adenoma cells. (webpediatrica.com)
- Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to assess mRNA and protein expression of cartonectin. (webpediatrica.com)
Amyloidogenic1
- Over-expression of the amyloid precursor protein partly ablated the effect of dichloroacetate on amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic processing whilst over-expression of the β-secretase only ablated the effect on amyloidogenic processing. (lancs.ac.uk)
Urine4
- Plasma cells normally produce a slight excess of light chains that are either excreted or catabolized by the kidney, and only a minute amount of light-chain protein normally appears in the urine. (medscape.com)
- Light-chain proteins appear in urine in high concentration either when the production of light-chain proteins is markedly increased or when the ability of the proximal tubules to reabsorb all the filtered protein is diminished. (medscape.com)
- The presence of light-chain proteins in the urine is associated with a number of systemic diseases (see Etiology ). (medscape.com)
- This process is exceedingly efficient, and only a minute amount of light-chain protein normally appears in the urine. (medscape.com)
Aggregate3
- In this procedure, the hydrophobic residues of the valine at place 6 of the beta concatenation of HbS associates with the hydrophobic spot, doing the hemoglobin molecules to aggregate and organize hempen precipitates. (freebooksummary.com)
- 1 Nevertheless, strategies that target protein misfolding frequently reduce aggregate formation and cell death in parallel. (bmj.com)
- In mammalian cell based models of both polyglutamine and polyalanine diseases, the mutant proteins are much more prone to aggregate formation than their wild-type counterparts and cause significantly more cell death. (bmj.com)