Antimalarials
Sulfadoxine
Artemisinins
Pyrimethamine
Chloroquine
Drug Combinations
Malaria, Falciparum
Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.
Plasmodium falciparum
Drug Resistance
Diminished or failed response of an organism, disease or tissue to the intended effectiveness of a chemical or drug. It should be differentiated from DRUG TOLERANCE which is the progressive diminution of the susceptibility of a human or animal to the effects of a drug, as a result of continued administration.
Parasitic Sensitivity Tests
Senegal
Drug Therapy, Combination
Cameroon
Histamine N-Methyltransferase
Parasitemia
Malaria
A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.
Angola
Gabon
Burkina Faso
Chlorpheniramine
Mali
A country in western Africa, east of MAURITANIA and south of ALGERIA. Its capital is Bamako. From 1904-1920 it was known as Upper Senegal-Niger; prior to 1958, as French Sudan; 1958-1960 as the Sudanese Republic and 1959-1960 it joined Senegal in the Mali Federation. It became an independent republic in 1960.
Quinine
An alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. It is used as an antimalarial drug, and is the active ingredient in extracts of the cinchona that have been used for that purpose since before 1633. Quinine is also a mild antipyretic and analgesic and has been used in common cold preparations for that purpose. It was used commonly and as a bitter and flavoring agent, and is still useful for the treatment of babesiosis. Quinine is also useful in some muscular disorders, especially nocturnal leg cramps and myotonia congenita, because of its direct effects on muscle membrane and sodium channels. The mechanisms of its antimalarial effects are not well understood.
Membrane Transport Proteins
Sierra Leone
Mefloquine
Proguanil
Treatment Failure
Tanzania
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical
Treatment Outcome
Dapsone
A sulfone active against a wide range of bacteria but mainly employed for its actions against MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE. Its mechanism of action is probably similar to that of the SULFONAMIDES which involves inhibition of folic acid synthesis in susceptible organisms. It is also used with PYRIMETHAMINE in the treatment of malaria. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p157-8)
Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins
A sequence-related subfamily of ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS that actively transport organic substrates. Although considered organic anion transporters, a subset of proteins in this family have also been shown to convey drug resistance to neutral organic drugs. Their cellular function may have clinical significance for CHEMOTHERAPY in that they transport a variety of ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS. Overexpression of proteins in this class by NEOPLASMS is considered a possible mechanism in the development of multidrug resistance (DRUG RESISTANCE, MULTIPLE). Although similar in function to P-GLYCOPROTEINS, the proteins in this class share little sequence homology to the p-glycoprotein family of proteins.
Inhibitory Concentration 50
Rwanda
Kenya
Papua New Guinea
A country consisting of the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and adjacent islands, including New Britain, New Ireland, the Admiralty Islands, and New Hanover in the Bismarck Archipelago; Bougainville and Buka in the northern Solomon Islands; the D'Entrecasteaux and Trobriand Islands; Woodlark (Murua) Island; and the Louisiade Archipelago. It became independent on September 16, 1975. Formerly, the southern part was the Australian Territory of Papua, and the northern part was the UN Trust Territory of New Guinea, administered by Australia. They were administratively merged in 1949 and named Papua and New Guinea, and renamed Papua New Guinea in 1971.
Plasmodium vivax
Malaria, Vivax
Relationships between malaria prevalence and malaria-related morbidity in school children from two villages in central Africa. (1/318)
To investigate the relationship between parasite prevalence and malaria-related morbidity, we carried out a comparative study among cohorts of school children from two villages, Dienga, Gabon, and Pouma, Cameroon, both located in malaria-endemic areas. Seven to 17 year-old children attending primary schools were similarly followed-up at each site to evaluate the frequency of malaria attacks. Follow-up involved daily temperature recording (and blood smears in the case of fever) and preparation of blood smears every two weeks. In Pouma, 186 children were followed-up for six months. In Dienga, 228 children were followed-up for nine months. The mean prevalence rate of Plasmodium falciparum infections (as assessed by the blood smears) was twice as high in Pouma compared with Dienga (45.2% versus 26.8%; P < 0.0001), whereas the monthly malaria attack rate (as assessed by the daily surveillance) was twice as high in Dienga compared with Pouma (21.5% versus 41.4%; P = 0.003). The possible implication of several parameters that may differ between the two areas, such as the malaria transmission level, the economical and social status of the inhabitants, the characteristics of infecting parasite strains, and the genetic background of the population, is discussed. (+info)Analysis of mefloquine resistance and amplification of pfmdr1 in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Thailand. (2/318)
Resistance to quinoline-containing compound has been associated with the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene. We analyzed wild P. falciparum isolates with high levels of chloroquine and mefloquine resistance for their macrorestriction maps of chromosome 5 and sequence of pfmdr1. Two types of chromosome 5 amplification were found. Eleven of 62 resistant isolates displayed Bgl 1 fragments larger than 100 kb. Twenty-nine isolates possessed multiple copies of the fragments. We failed to detect any amplification of this region on chromosome 5 in 22 mefloquine-resistant isolates, suggesting that other mechanisms can mediate the mefloquine-resistant phenotype. There was no direct association between pfmdr1 mutations and chloroquine sensitivity. Resistant lines could have Asn-86 and Tyr-184 or Phe-184, the predicted sequence of those chloroquine-sensitive isolates. No mutation at Asn-1042 and Asp-1246 was detected among these chloroquine-resistant isolates. Therefore, a few base substitutions in the pfmdr1 gene may not be sufficient to account for all chloroquine-resistant phenotypes. (+info)Factors influencing resistance to reinfection with Plasmodium falciparum. (3/318)
A treatment-reinfection study design was used to investigate the relationships between host immunologic and/or genetic factors and resistance to reinfection with Plasmodium falciparum. Sixty-one children in Gabon were enrolled in a cross-sectional study to measure the prevalence of each human plasmodial species. All were given amodiaquine for radical cure of parasites, and 40 were subsequently followed-up for 30 weeks. Successive blood smears were examined to measure the delay of reappearance in blood of asexual stages of P. falciparum parasites. Presence of infection during the cross-sectional survey was associated with male sex, non-deficient glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, plasma interleukin-10 level, and anti-LSA-Rep antibody concentration. Resistance to reinfection was related to the presence of anti-LSA-J antibodies, and the absence of anti-LSA-Rep antibodies. Moreover, P. malariae-infected subjects were usually co-infected with P. falciparum, and were also more rapidly reinfected with P. falciparum after treatment, compared with those without P. malariae infection. (+info)Antibiotics for prophylaxis of Plasmodium falciparum infections: in vitro activity of doxycycline against Senegalese isolates. (4/318)
The in vitro activities of doxycycline, chloroquine, quinine, amodiaquine, artemether, pyrimethamine, and cycloguanil were evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Senegal (Dielmo and Ndiop), using an isotopic, micro, drug susceptibility test. The 71-50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values for doxycycline ranged from 0.7 to 108.0 microM and the geometric mean IC50 for the 71 isolates was 11.3 microM (95% confidence interval = 9.5-13.4 microM). The activity of doxycycline did not differ significantly (P = 0.0858) between the chloroquine-susceptible isolates and the chloroquine-resistant isolates. There was no in vitro correlation between the responses to doxycycline and those to artemether, chloroquine, quinine, amodiaquine, pyrimethamine, and cycloguanil, suggesting no in vitro cross-resistance among these drugs. Potency was increased by prolonged exposure. In 96-hr incubations, the activity of doxycycline was 4-5-fold more increased than in 48-hr incubations. The in vitro activity of doxycycline against intraerythrocytic stages of multidrug-resistant P. falciparum, its action against the preerythrocytic forms, the lack of correlation between the responses in vitro of P. falciparum to doxycycline and the other antimalarial drugs, and its original potential site of action are factors that favor its use as antimalarial drug. (+info)In vivo efficacy study of amodiaquine and sulfadoxine/ pyrimethamine in Kibwezi, Kenya and Kigoma, Tanzania. (5/318)
We conducted two randomized clinical trials to determine the in vivo efficacy of amodiaquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Seventy-five patients under the age of 10 years in Kibwezi, Kenya, and 171 patients in Kigoma, Tanzania, were enrolled for treatment. Due to loss of eight patients in Kibwezi and 37 in Kigoma to follow-up, we used best and worst case scenarios for the parasitological response. The in vivo sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to amodiaquine was 75% (no loss to follow-up) in Kibwezi and ranged from 85% in the best to 65% in the worst case scenario in Kigoma. The sensitivity to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine was 70% to 88% in Kibwezi and 65% to 89% in Kigoma. R1 resistance to amodiaquine was 22% in Kibwezi and varied from 6% in the best to 26% for the worst case scenario in Kigoma. The R1 resistance to sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine was 5% to 23% in Kibwezi and 2% to 26% in Kigoma. R2 resistance was 3% for amodiaquine and 7% for sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in Kibwezi and 9% in Kigoma for each treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference between treatment groups at either study site, except for a slight difference in R1 resistance in the best case scenario, Kibwezi, in favour of S/P. Although both amodiaquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine resistance seems to be increasing, these antimalarials are still effective in parasite clearance. (+info)Adaptation of a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium vivax from Indonesia to New World monkeys. (6/318)
The spread of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium vivax from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia poses a serious health threat to areas of Southeast Asia where this species of malaria parasite is endemic. A strain of P. vivax from Indonesia was adapted to develop in splenectomized Aotus lemurinus griseimembra, Aotus vociferans, Aotus nancymai, and Saimiri boliviensis monkeys. Transmission to splenectomized Saimiri monkeys was obtained via sporozoites. Chemotherapeutic studies indicated that the strain was resistant to chloroquine and amodiaquine while sensitive to mefloquine. Infections of chloroquine-resistant P.vivax in New World monkeys should be useful for the development of alternative treatments. (+info)Role of extraneuronal mechanisms in the termination of contractile responses to amines in vascular tissue. (7/318)
1 The role of the uptake and release of agonist from extraneuronal sites in the termination of responses of rabbit aortic strips to amines was studied. 2 Strips were contracted with adrenaline or noradrenaline and after response plateau was reached, the muscle chambers were washed free of agonist and the relaxation in Krebs solution recorded. After inhibition of catechol-O-methyl-transferase, monoamine oxidase and neuronal uptake the relaxation rate was greatly prolonged. Evidence is provided that this very slow relaxation resulted from the accumulation of intact amine at extraneuronal sites during exposure to the agonist and its subsequent release past receptors due to a reversal of the concentration gradient after washout. 3 Pretreatment with the haloalkylamine, GD-131 (N-cyclohexylmethyl-N-ethyl-beta-chloroethylamine), an inhibitor of extraneuronal uptake, returned the slow relaxation rate after enzyme inhibition towards that of control strips. By blocking the extraneuronal transport of amines their accumulation at intracellular loci after enzyme inhibition was prevented. 4 The effects of GD-131 and 17beta-oestradiol on the relaxation rate of untreated strips contracted by adrenaline and noradrenaline confirmed that extraneuronal uptake to sites of enzymatic activity is the major mechanism terminating their action. 5 Inactivation of extraneuronal transport sites by GD-131 was prevented by protecting them with 17beta-oestradiol or normetanephrine during exposure to the haloalkylamine, pointing to a common site of action of these agents on a specific carrier system for amines. 6 Evidence is presented that the relaxation from contractions induced by histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine also involves extraneuronal accumulation and release, probably by an uptake process which is identical to the one for catecholamines. (+info)"One-pot" synthesis and antimalarial activity of formamidine derivatives of 4-anilinoquinoline. (8/318)
Amodiaquine (AQ) is an antimalarial which is effective against chloroquino-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum but whose clinical use is severely restricted because of associated hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis. "One-pot" synthesis of formamidines likely to be transformed into AQ derivatives is reported. Compared with AQ, the new compounds were devoid of in vitro cytotoxicity upon human embryonic lung cells and mouse peritoneal macrophages. One showed a potent in vivo activity in mice infected with P berghei. Transformation of this compound by reductive amination led to a new type of AQ derivatives that displayed an in vitro activity similar to that of AQ but did not lead to toxic quinone-imines. (+info)
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | A Comparison of the in Vitro Activities of Amodiaquine and...
Amodiaquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with the pfcrt 72-76 SVMNT allele in Afghanistan. -...
Biomedicines | Free Full-Text | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the...
ATAQ EASY: Artesunate + Amodiaquine Fixed Dose Combination in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria -...
Amodiaquine for treating malaria. - GOV.UK
Compliance, Safety, and Effectiveness of Fixed-Dose Artesunate-Amodiaquine for Presumptive Treatment of Non-Severe Malaria in...
DSpace at EWHA: Enhanced CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell development by amodiaquine through activation of nuclear receptor 4A
Amodiaquine Suspension Manufacturer, Supplier in Vadodara,Gujarat
IPTC Standard - IPTC
The effect of dosing strategies on the therapeutic efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine for uncomplicated malaria: a meta...
Clinical Reviews and Opinions - impact of seasonal malaria chemoprevention of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine on...
Artesunate-amodiaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. - GOV.UK
Product Directory on Drugdu.com for Artemether and Lumefantrine Tablets|||269315|||astra-lifecare-india-pvt, Amodiaquine HCl...
Bidirectional and gene-selective Nurr1 modulation by NSAIDs? | Nature Research Chemistry Community
Life with Leukaemia: Malaria Eradication
Nuclear receptor Nurr1 agonists enhance its dual functions and improve behavioral deficits in an animal model of Parkinsons...
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Classify the half‑reactions as reduction half‑reactions or oxidation half‑reactions. H2(g)⟶2H+(aq)+2e−H2(g)⟶2H+(aq)+2e− 12O2(g)...
Identify the Oxidizing agent and the reducing agent for Al(s)+3Ag^+(aq)---|Al^3+(aq)+3Ag(s)
Impact of treatment and re-treatment with artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine on selection of Plasmodium...
Selection of known Plasmodium falciparum resistance-mediating polymorphisms by artemether-lumefantrine and amodiaquine...
Monitoring of efficacy, tolerability and safety of artemether-lumefantrine and artesunate-amodiaquine for the treatment of...
Scientists Discover Potential Treatment for Parkinsons Disease - Doctor Tipster
Complete and balance each gas evolution reaction.(a) HBr(aq) + NaHCO3(aq) ?(b) NH4I(aq) | StudySoup
A Comparative Study on the Efficacy of Some Artemisinin Combination Therapies on |i|Plasmodium berghei|/i| in Swiss Albino Mice
Pharmacokinetics of Artemether-Lumefantrine and Artesunate-Amodiaquine in Children in Kampala, Uganda | Antimicrobial Agents...
Successful introduction of artesunate combination therapy is not enough to fight malaria: results from an adherence study in...
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Gametocyte carriage in uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria following treatment with artemisinin combination therapy: a...
Prescriber practices and patient adherence to artemisinin-based combination therapy for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria...
Chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Osogbo Nigeria: efficacy of amodiaquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and...
8-penali (paludo1) final pp54-60.indd
Challenges to replace ACT as first-line drug | Malaria Journal | Full Text
Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Antiretroviral Agents and Antimalarial Drug Combinations - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials...
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The arrhythmogenic cardiotoxicity of the quinoline and structurally related antimalarial drugs: a systematic review |...
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Amodiaquin dihydrochloride dihydrate | CAS 6398-98-7 | AbMole BioScience | Amodiaquin dihydrochloride dihydrate Price
Fournisseur/ Contractant
AQ Bio Santizer Refill-Machine Purpose (MR2500)
lib/Parse/AFP/Triplet/AQ.pm - metacpan.org
Follistim AQ Dosage Guide - Drugs.com
In the town of Djibo in northern Burkina Faso, a Fulani child is sick with malaria. After a visit to the local military health...
Most recent papers with the keyword Dihydroartemisinin | Read by QxMD
Seasonal malaria chemoprevention: successes and missed opportunities | Epicentre
The outcome of a test-treat package versus routine outpatient care for Ghanaian children with fever: a pragmatic randomized...
Amodiaquine-lnduced HepatitisA Report of Seven Cases | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Treating malaria with artemisinin combinations: challenges for policymakers
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Calculate Kc for the system, Ni2+ + Co Ni + Co2+. at 25 C?Ni2+ (aq) + 2e === Ni (s) E = - 0.25 V Co2+ (aq) + 2e === Co (s) E =...
From the following list, identify the ions that are more easily reduced than H + (aq). (a) Cu 2+ (aq) (b) Zn 2+ (aq) (c) Fe 2+ ...
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Moclobemide
... is a benzamide,[12] derivative of morpholine,[103] which acts pharmacologically as a selective, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (RIMA),[9] a type of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI), and increases levels of norepinephrine (noradrenaline), dopamine, and especially serotonin.[104][105] in neuronal cells as well as in synaptic vesicles; extracellular levels also increase which results in increased monoamine receptor stimulation and suppression of REM sleep, down regulation of 3-adrenoceptors. A single 300 mg dose of moclobemide inhibits 80% of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and 30% of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), blocking the decomposition of norepinephrine, serotonin and, to a lesser extent, dopamine. There is also some evidence pointing towards moclobemide possessing neuroprotective properties.[8] There is no cumulative effect of moclobemide centrally when taken long-term.[8] With long-term use of moclobemide, there is a significant down-regulation of B-adrenoceptors.[8] ...
Indantadol
... (CHF-3381, V-3381) is a drug which was formerly being investigated as an anticonvulsant and neuroprotective and is now under development for the treatment of neuropathic pain and chronic cough in Europe by Vernalis and Chiesi.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] It acts as a competitive, reversible, and non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitor,[5][6][9] and as a low affinity, non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist.[1][2][10] A pilot study of indantadol for chronic cough was initiated in October 2009 and in April 2010 it failed to achieve significant efficacy in neuropathic pain in phase IIb clinical trials.[7][8][11][12] ...
3-Iodotyrosine
... , a pathway inhibitor in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter dopamine, was used to determine the effects of decreased dopamine levels in social spacing of Drosophila melanogaster. 3-4 day old flies that were fed 3-iodotyrosine for 24 hours were shown to have altered dopamine levels.[3] ...
Tyrosine hydroxylase
A deficiency of tyrosine hydroxylase leads to impaired synthesis of dopamine as well as epinephrine and norepinephrine. It is represented by a progressive encephalopathy and poor prognosis. Clinical features include dystonia that is minimally or nonresponsive to levodopa, extrapyramidal symptoms, ptosis, miosis, and postural hypotension. This is a progressive and often lethal disorder, which can be improved but not cured by levodopa.[39] Response to treatment is variable and the long-term and functional outcome is unknown. To provide a basis for improving the understanding of the epidemiology, genotype/phenotype correlation and outcome of these diseases their impact on the quality of life of patients, and for evaluating diagnostic and therapeutic strategies a patient registry was established by the noncommercial International Working Group on Neurotransmitter Related Disorders (iNTD).[40] Additionally alterations in the tyrosine hydroxylase enzyme activity may be involved in disorders such as ...
Sercloremine
Delini-Stula, A.; Fischbach, R.; Gnirss, F.; Bures, E.; Pöldinger, W. (1985). "Early experience with CGP 4718 A (Sercloremine), a new selective and reversible MAO-A and 5-HT-uptake inhibitor, in the treatment of depressive patients". Drug Development Research. 6 (4): 371-384. doi:10.1002/ddr.430060409. ISSN 0272-4391 ...
Phenelzine
... is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). It inhibits both of the respective isoforms of MAO, MAO-A and MAO-B, and does so almost equally, with slight preference for the former. By inhibiting MAO, phenelzine prevents the breakdown of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin, melatonin, norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine, as well as the trace amine neuromodulators such as phenethylamine, tyramine, octopamine, and tryptamine. This leads to an increase in the extracellular concentrations of these neurochemicals and therefore an alteration in neurochemistry and neurotransmission. This action is thought to be the primary mediator in phenelzine's therapeutic benefits. Phenelzine and its metabolites also inhibit at least two other enzymes to a lesser extent, of which are alanine transaminase (ALA-T),[21] and γ-Aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T),[22] the latter of which is not caused by phenelzine itself, but by a phenelzine metabolite ...
Bulbocapnine
... is an alkaloid found in Corydalis (Papaveraceae) and Dicentra, plants in the family Fumariaceae that can cause fatal poisoning in sheep and cattle.[citation needed] It has been shown to act as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor,[1] and inhibits biosynthesis of dopamine via inhibition of the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase.[2][3] Like apomorphine, it is reported to be an inhibitor of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) fiber formation, whose presence is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Bulbocapnine is thus a potential therapeutic under the amyloid hypothesis.[4] According to the Dorlands Medical Dictionary, it "inhibits the reflex and motor activities of striated muscle. It has been used in the treatment of muscular tremors and vestibular nystagmus".[5] A psychiatrist at Tulane University named Robert Heath carried out experiments on prisoners at the Louisiana State Penitentiary using bulbocapnine to induce stupor.[6] This work at Tulane inspired, and was continued parallel to, experiments ...
4-Aminoquinoline
Examples include amodiaquine, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine. Other uses for the derivatives are: anti-asthmatic, ... Amodiaquine Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Quinoline 8-Hydroxyquinoline Ionophore Al-Ahmary, Khairia M.; Alenezi, Maha S.; ... insights from the study of amodiaquine uptake". Mol. Pharmacol. 50 (6): 1551-8. PMID 8967977. DeVita, Robert; Chang, Lehua (13 ...
Quinine
... was also the first drug used for treatment of malaria.[40] Quinine was used as a muscle relaxant by the Quechua, who are indigenous to Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, to halt shivering due to low temperatures.[41] The Quechuas would mix the ground bark of cinchona trees with sweetened water to offset the bark's bitter taste, thus producing tonic water.[citation needed] The Jesuits were the first to bring cinchona to Europe. The Spanish were aware of the medicinal properties of cinchona bark by the 1570s or earlier: Nicolás Monardes (1571) and Juan Fragoso (1572) both described a tree that was subsequently identified as the cinchona tree and whose bark was used to produce a drink to treat diarrhea.[42] Quinine has been used in unextracted form by Europeans since at least the early 17th century. It was first used to treat malaria in Rome in 1631. During the 17th century, malaria was endemic to the swamps and marshes surrounding the city of Rome. Malaria was responsible for the deaths of ...
Template:Chromalveolate antiparasitics
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Artemether/lumefantrine
Coartem is provided without profit to developing countries using grants from the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, US President's Malaria Initiative along with other donors. Novartis has lowered the price of Coartem by 50% since 2001, increasing access to patients around the world. The first significant price reduction occurred in 2006, when the price of Coartem decreased from an average of US $1.57 to US $1.00. In 2006, due to an improved supply situation for the natural ingredient artemisinin, Novartis was able to undertake the pharmaceutical industry's most aggressive manufacturing scale-up of its kind from 4 million treatments in 2004 to 62 million treatments in 2006.[citation needed] Novartis and its partners invested heavily in expanding production capacity at their facilities in China, and Suffern, New York. This increase in production capacity ensured that supplies of Coartem met demand which enabled Novartis to further decrease the price of Coartem. In April 2008, ...
Metronidazole
... is widely used to treat infections of Giardia in dogs, cats, and other companion animals, although it does not reliably clear infection with this organism and is being supplanted by fenbendazole for this purpose in dogs and cats.[53] It is also used for the management of chronic inflammatory bowel disease in cats and dogs.[54] Another common usage is the treatment of systemic and/or gastrointestinal clostridial infections in horses. Metronidazole is used in the aquarium hobby to treat ornamental fish and as a broad-spectrum treatment for bacterial and protozoan infections in reptiles and amphibians. In general, the veterinary community may use metronidazole for any potentially susceptible anaerobic infection. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) suggests it only be used when necessary because it has been shown to be carcinogenic in mice and rats, as well as to prevent antimicrobial resistance.[55][56] ...
8-Aminoquinoline
... is a form of aminoquinoline with an amine at the 8-position of quinoline. The 8-aminoquinoline family of drugs contains three members, primaquine, tafenoquine and pamaquine[1] and are used in the treatment of malaria. They may be used to eradicate malaria hypnozoites from the liver and have both been used for malaria prophylaxis. The 8-aminoquinoline drugs must not be given to patients with G6PD deficiency, because they cause potentially fatal haemolysis in these patients. Pamaquine is no longer available anywhere, but primaquine is still used routinely worldwide as part of the treatment of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale malaria. Tafenoquine is currently in Phase III clinical trials and is not yet available to prescribe. ...
Primaquine
... is primarily used to prevent relapse of malaria due to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale.[9] It eliminates hypnozoites, the dormant liver form of the parasite,[10] after the organisms have been cleared from the bloodstream.[9] If primaquine is not administered to patients with proven P. vivax or P. ovale infection, a very high likelihood of relapse exists for weeks or months (sometimes years).[9] Use in combination with quinine or chloroquine each of which is very effective at clearing P. vivax from blood, improves outcomes; they appear to also potentiate the action of primaquine.[11] As of 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended the use of primaquine for primary prophylaxis prior to travel to areas with a high incidence of P. vivax, and for terminal prophylaxis (anti-relapse therapy) after travel.[4] A single dose of primaquine has rapid and potent ability to kill gametocytes (stage V) of P. falciparum and P. vivax in blood; it also kills asexual ...
Mefloquine
... was formulated at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) in the 1970s shortly after the end of the Vietnam war. Mefloquine was number 142,490 of a total of 250,000 antimalarial compounds screened during the study.[3] Mefloquine was the first Public-Private Venture (PPV) between the US Department of Defense and a pharmaceutical company. WRAIR transferred all its phase I and phase II clinical trial data to Hoffman LaRoche and Smith Kline. FDA approval as a treatment for malaria was swift. Most notably, phase III safety and tolerability trials were skipped.[3] The drug was first approved and sold on a commercial basis in Switzerland in 1985.[31] However, mefloquine was not approved by the FDA for prophylactic use until 1989. This approval was based primarily on compliance, while safety and tolerability were overlooked.[3] Because of the drug's very long half-life, the Centers for Disease Control originally recommended a mefloquine dosage of 250 mg every two weeks; however, this ...
Montelukast
Artesunate Amodiaquine Winthrop (artesunate, amodiaquine) [summary of product characteristics]. Gentilly, France: Sanofi- ... Therefore, it is theoretically possible that the combination of montelukast with a CYP2C8 substrate (e.g. amodiaquine, an anti- ... March 2007). "Hepatotoxicity due to a drug interaction between amodiaquine plus artesunate and efavirenz". Clin. Infect. Dis. ...
Artesunate
"Artesunate Amodiaquine Winthrop (artesunate, amodiaquine) [summary of product characteristics]" (PDF). Sanofi-Aventis. Archived ... evidence that treatment with artesunate plus mefloquine is superior to treatment with artesunate plus amodiaquine or artesunate ...
Malaria
Amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine may achieve less treatment failures when compared to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone ... Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate is better than sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine in controlling treatment ... Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group) (October 2005). "Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for ... "Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine for treating uncomplicated malaria ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children
To be used in combination with either amodiaquine, mefloquine or sulfadoxine + pyrimethamine. Other combinations that deliver ... Diloxanide Metronidazole Amphotericin B Miltefosine Paromomycin Sodium stibogluconate or meglumine antimoniate Amodiaquine ... Artemether Artemether/lumefantrine Artesunate Artesunate/amodiaquine Artesunate/mefloquine Artesunate/pyronaridine ... Dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine phosphate Doxycycline Mefloquine Primaquine Quinine Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine Amodiaquine + ...
Quinoline
... amodiaquine, and primaquine. Quinolines are reduced to tetrahydroquinolines enantioselectively using several catalyst systems. ...
Mepacrine
Chloroquine Amodiaquine Pamaquine Mefloquine "Quinacrine Shortage & What the ACR Is Doing about It". 13 March 2019 [8 February ...
Selective sweep
"Geographic patterns of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance distinguished by differential responses to amodiaquine and ...
Mass drug administration
In Bobo-Dioulasso, where primaquine was used in combination with either chloroquine or amodiaquine, the prevalence of ... 1999). "[Assay of sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, mefloquine and quinine in ...
Antimalarial medication
Amodiaquine is a 4-aminoquinolone anti-malarial drug similar in structure and mechanism of action to chloroquine. Amodiaquine ... Amodiaquine is now available in a combined formulation with artesunate (ASAQ) and is among the artemisinin-combination ... Artemisinin-based combination therapies should be used in preference to amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for the ...
Plasmodium falciparum
WHO recommends combinations such as artemether/lumefantrine, artesunate/amodiaquine, artesunate/mefloquine, artesunate/ ...
Intermittent preventive therapy
A trial conducted in northern Tanzania using the antimalarial drug amodiaquine instead of S/P was similarly successful. Six ... Effect of intermittent treatment with amodiaquine on anaemia and malarial fevers in infants in Tanzania: a randomised placebo- ... Treating schoolchildren in Kenya with S/P and amodiaquine significantly improved anaemia (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.29-0.93). IPTp ...
Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative
Lacaze Catherine (2011). "The initial pharmaceutical development of an artesunate/amodiaquine oral formulation for the ... this antimalarial product is a fixed-dose combination of artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ). The result of a partnership between ...
Histamine N-methyltransferase
The following substances are known to be HNMT inhibitors: amodiaquine, chloroquine, dimaprit, etoprine, metoprine, quinacrine, ...
Clerk family
Amodiaquine, or the Combination in Pregnant Women in Ghana". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 198 (8): 1202-1211. doi: ...
Rajpal Singh Yadav
... amodiaquine, quinine, mefloquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine in a tribal population of District Sundargarh, Orissa". Indian ...
Amodiaquine and Ciprofloxacin Combination in Plasmodiasis Therapy
Amodiaquine : a case for reconsideration? : reports on individual drugs
Therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine combination ... Therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine combination ... Amodiaquine : a case for reconsideration? : reports on individual drugs. No Electronic Version ... Unknown author (1996). Amodiaquine : a case for reconsideration? : reports on individual drugs. http://www.who.int/iris/ ...
Tolerability of amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, alone...: Ingenta Connect
Amodiaquine + SP is not well tolerated and a substantial proportion of patients experienced pruritus and fatigue, thus ... Tolerability of amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, alone or in combination for the treatment of uncomplicated ... Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum malaria; Rwanda; amodiaquine; sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine; tolerability Document Type: Research ... To assess the tolerability and efficacy of amodiaquine (AQ) + sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), the first-line malaria treatment ...
Combination of nelfinar and amodiaquine shows promise for treating COVID-19
... *Download PDF Copy ... This orally available drug combination - nelfinavir -amodiaquine - inhibits the virus infection in cell cultures, Kainov said ... The six drugs were nelfinavir, salinomycin, amodiaquine, obatoclax, emetine and homoharringtonine, said Denis Kainov, an ... A combination of nelfinar and amodiaquine exhibited the highest synergy, he said. ...
Amodiaquine-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. | Sigma-Aldrich
Role of hepatic metabolism in the bioactivation and detoxication of amodiaquine. - PubMed - NCBI
... hepatic microsomes despite extensive turnover of amodiaquine to desethylamodiaquine. 5. Amodiaquine quinoneimine underwent ... Role of hepatic metabolism in the bioactivation and detoxication of amodiaquine.. Jewell H1, Maggs JL, Harrison AC, ONeill PM ... This indicated a role for P450 in the bioactivation of amodiaquine to a reactive metabolite that conjugates with glutathione ... Therefore in vitro studies may underestimate the bioactivation of amodiaquine in vivo. These data indicate that the extent of ...
SPAQ-CO™/Supyra® (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + amodiaquine)
Home , SPAQ-CO™/Supyra® (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + amodiaquine). SPAQ-CO™/Supyra® (sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine + amodiaquine) [ ... In March 2012, WHO recommended SMC using a complete treatment of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (SPAQ) once a month ... Source URL: https://www.mmv.org/access/products-projects/spaq-co-supyra-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine ... 1] https://www.mmv.org/access/products-projects/spaq-co-supyra-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine. ...
artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) | MalariaWorld
Selection of parasites with diminished drug susceptibility by amodiaquine-containing antimalarial regimens in Uganda. - PubMed...
Amodiaquine (AQ) is paired with artesunate (AS) or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in recommended antimalarial regimens. It is ... Selection of parasites with diminished drug susceptibility by amodiaquine-containing antimalarial regimens in Uganda.. Nawaz F1 ... Selection of Parasites with Diminished Drug Sensitivity by Amodiaquine-Containing Antimalarial Regimens in Uganda ... Selection of Parasites with Diminished Drug Sensitivity by Amodiaquine-Containing Antimalarial Regimens in Uganda ...
RCSB PDB - 4FGZ: Crystal Structure of Phosphoethanolamine Methyltransferase from Plasmodium falciparum in Complex with...
Here we describe the 2.0Å resolution X-ray crystal structure of PfPMT in complex with amodiaquine. To better characterize ... Crystal structure of phosphoethanolamine methyltransferase from Plasmodium falciparum in complex with amodiaquine.. Lee, S.G., ... Crystal Structure of Phosphoethanolamine Methyltransferase from Plasmodium falciparum in Complex with Amodiaquine. *DOI: ... inhibition of PfPMT by amodiaquine, we determined the IC(50) values of a series of aminoquinolines using a direct radiochemical ...
Amodiaquine for treating malaria. - GOV.UK
Background: Amodiaquine has been widely used to treat malaria. Fatal adverse reactions have been reported in adults taking it ... Amodiaquine was more effective than chloroquine for parasite clearance (day 7, Peto odds ratio 4.42 (95% confidence interval ... Objectives: to compare amodiaquine with chloroquine or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium ... Authors conclusions: There is evidence to support the continued use of amodiaquine to treat uncomplicated malaria, although ...
Chloroquine Amodiaquine Resistance
Amodiaquine is chloroquine amodiaquine resistance sometimes chloroquine amodiaquine resistance used when there is chloroquine ... M.D. Also the level of quinine and amodiaquine resistance 5 as well as treatment failures with artesunate + amodiaquine in the ... Amodiaquine, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in the South West Region of Cameroon. Amodiaquine was more effective than ... pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amodiaquine-hydrochloride Similar in structure and activity to chloroquine, amodiaquine is ...
Metabolism-dependent neutrophil cytotoxicity of amodiaquine: A comparison with pyronaridine and related antimalarial drugs
The toxicity of amodiaquine and the lack of cheap drugs have prompted a … ... Life-threatening agranulocytosis and hepatotoxicity during prophylactic administration of amodiaquine have led to its ... The toxicity of amodiaquine and the lack of cheap drugs have prompted a search for alternative antimalarial agents. The aim of ... Amodiaquine was metabolized to a polar metabolite (m/z 661), identified as a glutathione adduct. Tebuquine was converted to two ...
Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Market Global Outlook, Size, Share & Demand Forecast To 2025 - Webnewswire
Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Market Global Outlook, Size, Share & Demand Forecast To 2025. Global Amodiaquine Hydrochloride market ... To analyze the Amodiaquine Hydrochloride with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to ... This report studies the global market size of Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Market in key regions like North America, Europe, Asia ... The objectives of this study are to define, segment, and project the size of the Amodiaquine Hydrochloride market based on ...
Macleods' amodiaquine/artesunate tablet prequalified | WHO - Prequalification of Medicines Programme
Macleods amodiaquine/artesunate tablet prequalified. 15 May 2019 WHO Prequalification Team - Medicines (PQTm) added the below ... MA126 - Amodiaquine (hydrochloride)/Artesunate - 135mg/50mg - Tablet - Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd - INDIA. *MA127 - ... MA125 - Amodiaquine (hydrochloride)/Artesunate - 67.5mg/25mg - Tablet - Macleods Pharmaceuticals Ltd - INDIA. ...
Amodiaquine-lnduced HepatitisA Report of Seven Cases | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
Amodiaquine-lnduced Hepatitis: A Report of Seven Cases DOMINIQUE LARREY, M.D.; ANNE CASTOT, M.D.; DOMINIQUE PESSAYRE, M.D.; ... Amodiaquine-lnduced Hepatitis: A Report of Seven Cases. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:801-803. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-104-6-801 ... Seven patients developed hepatitis after receiving amodiaquine for malaria prophylaxis for 4 to 15 weeks. Four patients had a ... which is consistent with an immunoallergic mechanism for amodiaquine-induced hepatitis. ...
Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate | Histone Methyltransferase inhibitor | Read Reviews & Product Use Citations
Tags: buy Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate , Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate supplier , purchase Amodiaquine ... Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate manufacturer , order Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate , Amodiaquine dihydrochloride ... Amodiaquine is a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of histamine N-methyl transferase with estimated Ki of 18.6 nM. It is also ... Amodiaquine is a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of histamine N-methyl transferase with estimated Ki of 18.6 nM. It is also ...
Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate versus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine for treating uncomplicated malaria ...
Amodiaquine for treating malaria. *Rectal artesunate for treating people with suspected severe malaria before transfer to ... Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SP plus AQ) performed better than sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate (SP ... Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria. *Artesunate plus ... To compare sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SP plus AQ) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate (SP plus AS) ...
Pharmacokinetics of quinine chloroquine and amodiaquine
... amodiaquine and quinine. The metabolite exerts the principal antimalarial activity SP, amodiaquine, and AQ/SP are effective ... The mode of action of amodiaquine has not yet been determined. The safety of amodiaquine use in pregnant women Article · ... Body size and age were the main covariates affecting amodiaquine clearance Amodiaquine is a 4-aminoquinoline similar to ... severe forms of malaria Amodiaquine is pharmacokinetics of quinine chloroquine and amodiaquine best given in the newly ...
Artesunate-amodiaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. - GOV.UK
... where resistance to amodiaquine is low, the combination of artesunate plus amodiaquine may delay or prevent the emergence of ... plus amodiaquine (a long half-life drug that is presently used in loose combination in many countries). The short half-life ... of a fixed combination of artesunate plus amodiaquine by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative with sanofi-aventis as the ...
Figure 1 - Increased Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Artesunate/Amodiaquine Despite 14 Years as First-Line Malaria...
... effects of ACT partner drugs have been reported but with little information regarding widely used artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ ... resistance-associated genotypes and major increases in genotypes associated with high sensitivity/efficacy for amodiaquine than ... Increased Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Artesunate/Amodiaquine Despite 14 Years as First-Line Malaria Treatment, ... Increased Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to Artesunate/Amodiaquine Despite 14 Years as First-Line Malaria Treatment, ...
ATAQ EASY: Artesunate + Amodiaquine Fixed Dose Combination in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria -...
ATAQ EASY: Artesunate + Amodiaquine Fixed Dose Combination in the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria. The ... history of hepatic and (or) haematological impairment during treatment with amodiaquine. *intake of medication metabolised by ... patient having received artesunate + amodiaquine or artemether + lumefantrine at a suitable dosage within 30 days prior to ... Amodiaquine Fixed-Dose Combination) Administered in 1 or 2 Intakes Per Day Versus Coartem® (Artemether + Lumefantrine) in the ...
Efficacy of Artesunate + Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AS + SP) and Amodiaquine + Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AQ + SP) for...
T. K. Mutabingwa, D. Anthony, A. Heller et al., "Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine+ ... D. Schellenberg, E. Kahigwa, C. Drakeley et al., "The safety and efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, and their ... Efficacy of Artesunate + Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AS + SP) and Amodiaquine + Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine (AQ + SP) for ...
Biomedicines | Free Full-Text | In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the...
... or artesunate/amodiaquine (AS/AQ) pediatric tablets and followed up for 28 days according to the standard World Health ... In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. ... In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. ... "In Vivo Efficacy of Artesunate/Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine versus Artesunate/Amodiaquine in the Treatment of Uncomplicated P. ...
Efficacy of Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) in Children With Malaria and Severe Acute Malnutrition, Madaoua, Niger 2010 - Full...
Amodiaquine. Amodiaquine, artesunate drug combination. Amebicides. Antiprotozoal Agents. Antiparasitic Agents. Anti-Infective ... Intervention Details: Drug: Artesunate-amodiaquine fixed-dose combination *artesunate 25 mg / amodiaquine 67.5 mg: 1 tablet / ... Efficacy of Artesunate-amodiaquine (AS-AQ) in Children With Malaria and Severe Acute Malnutrition, Madaoua, Niger 2010. The ... artesunate 50 mg / amodiaquine 135 mg: 1 tablet / day for 3 days for children with a weight of 9 kg to less than 18 kg; ...
Amodiaquine as a prodrug: importance of metabolite(s) in the antimalarial effect of amodiaquine in humans
We have isolated four metabolites of amodiaquine. The two major metabolites have been ide … ... Existing analytical methods for assaying the 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial amodiaquine in body fluids are nonspecific and ... obscure the fact that little or no amodiaquine is present in the blood of dosed persons. ... Amodiaquine as a prodrug: importance of metabolite(s) in the antimalarial effect of amodiaquine in humans Life Sci. 1985 Jan 7; ...
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene | A Comparison of the in Vitro Activities of Amodiaquine and...
Isolates with IC50 values of amodiaquine ,20 nM demonstrated a high degree of correlation with values of desethylamodiaquine; ... but not between amodiaquine and chloroquine, which suggests that the apparent cross-resistance between chloroquine and ... was approximately 3.5 times lower than that of amodiaquine (18.2 nM). There was a significant rank-order correlation between ... the desethyl metabolite of amodiaquine, chloroquine, and mefloquine were evaluated against 35 field isolates of Plasmodium ...
EFFICACY OF AMODIAQUINE ALONE AND COMBINED WITH SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE AND OF SULFADOXINE PYRIMETHAMINE COMBINED WITH...
The safety and the efficacy of amodiaquine (AQ) alone, AQ plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) (AQ plus SP), and artesunate (ART ... Amodiaquine-artesunate versus amodiaquine for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in African children: a randomised, ... Amodiaquine for treating malaria (Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library. Issue 3. Oxford: Update Software.. ... EFFICACY OF AMODIAQUINE ALONE AND COMBINED WITH SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE AND OF SULFADOXINE PYRIMETHAMINE COMBINED WITH ...
PlasmodiumPlus amodiaquineArtemether-lumefantrineFalciparumHydrochloride TabletsAntimalarialsPyrimethamineASAQDihydrochloride dihydrateFixed-dose artesunate-amodiaquineObtained with artesunate-amodiaquineDoseRegimensAfricaTreat malariaVivoArtesunate and amodiaquineTreatmentVitroPharmacokineticsToxicityHistaminePhaseAgranulocytosisAntimalarial agentsInhibitorInhibitsCombination therapiesDrugsNational malariaParasitePfmdr1Hepatic1948Potent
Plasmodium16
- Amodiaquine (ADQ) is a medication used to treat malaria, including Plasmodium falciparum malaria when uncomplicated. (wikipedia.org)
- Therapeutic efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine and the sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-amodiaquine combination against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in young children in Cameroon. (who.int)
- Objectives: to compare amodiaquine with chloroquine or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. (www.gov.uk)
- falciparum and is reported in P. Effects of Drug Policy Changes on Evolution of Molecular Markers of Plasmodium falciparum Resistance to Chloroquine, Amodiaquine, and Sulphadoxine-Pyrimethamine in the South West Region of Cameroon. (schule.de)
- To compare sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SP plus AQ) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate (SP plus AS) for treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. (cochrane.org)
- Locations of 14 study health centers, including 11 peripheral satellite health units and 3 referral health facilities for which increased sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to artesunate/amodiaquine despite 14 years as first-line malaria treatment was tested, Zanzibar. (cdc.gov)
- The safety and efficacy of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine, and their combination in the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria," American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 17-23, 2002. (hindawi.com)
- The purpose of the study is to determine whether the artesunate-amodiaquine combination is effective in treating uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children with severe acute malnutrition. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- The antimalarial activities of amodiaquine, the desethyl metabolite of amodiaquine, chloroquine, and mefloquine were evaluated against 35 field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum collected from eastern Thailand, October-December 1985, to define patterns of cross-resistance among these compounds. (ajtmh.org)
- The safety and the efficacy of amodiaquine (AQ) alone, AQ plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) (AQ plus SP), and artesunate (ART) plus SP (ART plus SP), three possible alternatives to chloroquine (CQ), were investigated in 379 Rwandan children 6-59 months old with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria who visited one urban/peri-urban health center and two rural health centers. (ajtmh.org)
- The Angolan government recommends three artemisinin-based combinations for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). (springer.com)
- Open randomized study of artesunate-amodiaquine vs. chloroquine-pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Nigerian children. (msf.org)
- This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) in the management of uncomplicated malaria and to measure the prevalence of molecular markers of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in sentinel sites in Maferinyah and Labé Health Districts in Guinea in 2016. (researchsquare.com)
- In 2003, the high level of chloroquine (CQ) treatment failure for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria cases has led Senegal to adopt a new combination therapy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (SP-AQ). (elsevier.com)
- Amodiaquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum malaria is associated with the pfcrt 72-76 SVMNT allele in Afghanistan. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- Mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum genes pfcrt and pfmdr1 are selected by amodiaquine treatment in Africa. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Plus amodiaquine8
- Seasonal malaria chemoprevention with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine in children: a field guide (PDF). (wikipedia.org)
- One artemisinin combination therapy that is drawing a certain degree of interest is the combination of artesunate (a short half-life drug) plus amodiaquine (a long half-life drug that is presently used in loose combination in many countries). (www.gov.uk)
- In addition to the effectiveness of 3 days of treatment (rapid clearance of fever and malaria parasites) in western and central Africa, where resistance to amodiaquine is low, the combination of artesunate plus amodiaquine may delay or prevent the emergence of resistance to both drugs. (www.gov.uk)
- An important step is the recent registration in Morocco (the country where the drug is manufactured) of a fixed combination of artesunate plus amodiaquine by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative with sanofi-aventis as the industrial partner. (www.gov.uk)
- The effectiveness of three daily doses of artesunate plus amodiaquine combination given unsupervised (n = 32), compared with the efficacy when given under full supervision (n = 29) to children with falciparum malaria were assessed in an unrandomized study. (biomedcentral.com)
- In the present study, we assessed the effectiveness of three-day artesunate plus amodiaquine combination administered unsupervised, compared with the efficacy when given under supervision to children with P. falciparum malaria was assessed. (biomedcentral.com)
- Safety of Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine plus Amodiaquine when Delivered to Children under 10 Years of Age by District Health Services in Senegal: Results from a Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- It is recommended that children aged 3 months to five years of age living in areas of seasonal transmission in the sub-Sahel should receive Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention (SMC) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine (SPAQ) during the malaria transmission season. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Artemether-lumefantrine7
- To demonstrate the non-inferiority, in terms of clinical and parasitological efficacy on D28 of administration of Coarsucam™ (artesunate+amodiaquine fixed-dose combination), as a single daily dose, in comparison with administration of Coartem® (artemether+lumefantrine). (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Amodiaquine alone, amodiaquine+sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, amodiaquine+artesunate, and artemether-lumefantrine for outpatient treatment of malaria in Tanzanian children: a four-arm randomised effectiveness trial," The Lancet , vol. 365, no. 9469, pp. 1474-1480, 2005. (hindawi.com)
- There are currently three medications equally recommended by the Angolan Ministry of Health for treatment of uncomplicated malaria: artemether-lumefantrine (AL), artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ), and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP). (springer.com)
- In acutely malarious children treated with artesunate-amodiaquine (AA), artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP), the relationships between PRRD1 or PRRD2 and PCT, and between PRRD1 and PRRD2 were evaluated using linear regression. (springer.com)
- The aim of this study is to address this gap in knowledge by measuring the level of patient adherence to co-formulated amodiaquine and artesunate (AQ-AS) compared to artemether-lumefantrine (AL) under routine conditions in Sierra Leone and explore the key factors that influence adherence. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Subjects will be randomized to receive treatment with amodiaquine sulfadoxine pyrimethamine or artemether lumefantrine. (isrctn.com)
- Artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) are the first- and second-line treatments for uncomplicated malaria, respectively, but emerging resistance threatens their efficacy. (cdc.gov)
Falciparum9
- Amodiaquine has also been found to work against chloroquine-resistant P. falciparum strains of malaria. (wikipedia.org)
- falciparum multiple drug chloroquine amodiaquine resistance resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene, two chloroquine resistance markers, with chloroquine chloroquine amodiaquine resistance and. (schule.de)
- falciparum infections in Africa include the use of amodiaquine (AQ) and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP).Thechoiceofthesedrugsisbasednotonlyontheirclinical efficacy but also on their affordability to the great majority of African patients, good tolerance, safety for young children, and low toxicity risk E arly and effective chemotherapy for malaria has a pivotal role in reducing morbidity and mortality especially since a vaccine is unlikely to emerge within the next decade. (schule.de)
- Methods: A total of 177 children aged six-months to 10 years with uncomplicated mono-infected falciparum malaria were randomized (1:1) to receive artesunate/sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS/SP) or artesunate/amodiaquine (AS/AQ) pediatric tablets and followed up for 28 days according to the standard World Health Organization in vivo drug efficacy monitoring protocol. (mdpi.com)
- To measure the PCR adjusted clinical and parasitological efficacy of the artesunate-amodiaquine combination in children 6-59 months of age with severe malnutrition and uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria over a period of 42 days. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- In a previous study the efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine for uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in Gabonese children was 94% [ 19 ], but the effectiveness of this combination under outpatient conditions in Gabon is not known. (biomedcentral.com)
- Efficacy of amodiaquine in uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Nigeria in an area with high-level resistance to chloroquine and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine. (msf.org)
- Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria: revisiting molecular markers in an area of emerging AQ and SP resistance in Mali. (msf.org)
- Artemisinin-based combination therapies, including artesunate (AS) + amodiaquine (AQ), are the currently recommended first-line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria. (ox.ac.uk)
Hydrochloride Tablets7
- Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets were assessed according to the `Procedure for Assessing the Acceptability, in principle, of Pharmaceutical Products for purchase by United Nations Agencies' by the team of WHO assessors. (who.int)
- The countries of origin of the assessors involved with Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets were Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Spain, South Africa and Zimbabwe. (who.int)
- 30 August 2007 Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets was included in the list of prequalified medicinal products. (who.int)
- We are leading Exporter and Manufacturer of Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets. (salvavidaspharmaceutical.com)
- Atovaquone and Proguanil hydrochloride tablets have been shown to be effective in regions where the drugs chloroquine, halofantrine, mefloquine, and amodiaquine may have unacceptable failure rates, presumably due to drug resistance. (drugs.com)
- Since last many yearsSaintroy Lifescience is leading manufacture, export and supplier of Combipackof Artesunate Tablets & Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets from Surat, Gujarat, India. (saintroylifescience.com)
- Combipackof Artesunate Tablets & Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Tablets used for thetreatment of malaria. (saintroylifescience.com)
Antimalarials1
- In summary, our data show that amodiaquine and related antimalarials containing a p-aminophenol moiety undergo bioactivation in vitro to chemically reactive and cytotoxic intermediates. (nih.gov)
Pyrimethamine14
- Tolerability of amodiaquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine, alone. (ingentaconnect.com)
- To assess the tolerability and efficacy of amodiaquine (AQ) + sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), the first-line malaria treatment in Rwanda. (ingentaconnect.com)
- In March 2012, WHO recommended SMC using a complete treatment of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine (SPAQ) once a month for 4 months during the malaria transmission season for children aged between 3 and 59 months. (mmv.org)
- Amodiaquine (AQ) is paired with artesunate (AS) or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) in recommended antimalarial regimens. (nih.gov)
- No significant difference for adverse events was observed between amodiaquine and chloroquine and sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine. (www.gov.uk)
- Careful consideration of local resistance patterns is required because resistance to sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine are high in many areas. (cochrane.org)
- Evidence basis for antimalarial policy change in Sierra Leone: five in vivo efficacy studies of chloroquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine. (msf.org)
- OBJECTIVES: To provide nationally relevant information on the antimalarial efficacy of chloroquine (CQ), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ) in Sierra Leone, with a view to updating antimalarial policy in the country. (msf.org)
- Chloroquine or amodiaquine combined with sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine for treating uncomplicated malaria Unchanged is a topic covered in the Cochrane Abstracts . (unboundmedicine.com)
- Cochrane Abstracts , Evidence Central , evidence.unboundmedicine.com/evidence/view/Cochrane/433563/all/Chloroquine_or_amodiaquine_combined_with_sulfadoxine‐pyrimethamine_for_treating_uncomplicated_malaria_Unchanged. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Out of the 44 patients that failed CQ, 24 received amodiaquine + sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (AQ+SP) and 20 received chlorpheniramine + chloroquine (CH+CQ) combinations. (fiocruz.br)
- Non-ACTs regimens of chloroquine, amodiaquine (AQ) and sulphadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) are reported to be effective, safe, readily available, and affordable compared to ACTs. (fiocruz.br)
- The efficacy of antimalarial monotherapies, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and amodiaquine in East Africa: implications for sub-regional policy. (ox.ac.uk)
- The new first-line treatment is either sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) monotherapy, or a combination of SP with either chloroquine or amodiaquine. (ox.ac.uk)
ASAQ4
- All 33 treatment failures in the AL and ASAQ arms carried pfmdr1 or pfcrt mutations associated with lumefantrine and amodiaquine resistance, respectively, on day of failure. (springer.com)
- Individual patient data from 27 clinical trials of artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) vs comparators conducted between 1999 and 2009 were analysed for parasite clearance on modified intent-to-treat (ITT) basis. (biomedcentral.com)
- The dispersible, fixed-dose combination of artesunate and amodiaquine (ASAQ) requires only one dose per day for three days, reducing the "pill burden" for both adults and children. (dndi.org)
- The lower uncorrected efficacy in the AL arm compared to ASAQ may be explained by the shorter half-life of lumefantrine (3-6 days) compared to amodiaquine (9-18 days). (cdc.gov)
Dihydrochloride dihydrate2
- Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate (Amodiaquin dihydrochloride dihydrate), a 4-aminoquinoline class of antimalarial agent, is a potent and orally active histamine N-methyltransferase inhibitor. (medchemexpress.com)
- Amodiaquine dihydrochloride dihydrate is also a Nurr1 agonist and specifically binds to Nurr1-LBD (ligand binding domain) with an EC 50 of ~20 μM. (medchemexpress.com)
Fixed-dose artesunate-amodiaquine2
- Compliance, safety, and effectiveness of the new fixed-dose artesunate-amodiaquine regimen used to treat suspected malaria were assessed in febrile children enrolled in a 24-month cohort study in two settings in Madagascar. (pasteur.fr)
- Fixed dose artesunate amodiaquine - a phase IIb, randomized comparative trial with non-fixed artesunate amodiaquine. (dndi.org)
Obtained with artesunate-amodiaquine1
- This study provides comprehensive data concerning the clinical cure rate obtained with artesunate-amodiaquine and evidence supporting the scaling up of home management of malaria. (pasteur.fr)
Dose4
- In vivo administration of a small dose amodiaquine dramatically enhanced the effect of histamine on the gastric secretion in dogs [3] . (selleckchem.com)
- Pharmacokinetics of Amodiaquine after a Single Oral Dose in Ghanaian Children with Uncomplicated Malaria A. Some of these have. (schule.de)
- The 7th patient had taken amodiaquine alone, but at a higher dose. (ox.ac.uk)
- Herein, we report a novel activity of the FDA-approved antimalarial drug amodiaquine which inhibits rRNA transcription, a rate-limiting step for ribosome biogenesis, in a dose-dependent manner. (scilifelab.se)
Regimens2
- There have been reports of increased liver toxicity in people with HIV/AIDS on zidovudine or efavirenz when treated with amodiaquine-containing ACT regimens, therefore it is recommended that these people avoid amodiaquine. (wikipedia.org)
- Selection of parasites with diminished drug susceptibility by amodiaquine-containing antimalarial regimens in Uganda. (nih.gov)
Africa2
- Amodiaquine has become an important drug in the combination therapy for malaria treatment in Africa. (wikipedia.org)
- This report studies the global market size of Amodiaquine Hydrochloride Market in key regions like North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Central & South America and Middle East & Africa, focuses on the consumption of Amodiaquine Hydrochloride in these regions. (webnewswire.com)
Treat malaria2
- Background: Amodiaquine has been widely used to treat malaria. (www.gov.uk)
- the important drugs, chloroquine (CQ) and amodiaquine (AQ), have been used to prevent and treat malaria for many years. (schule.de)
Vivo5
- Therefore in vitro studies may underestimate the bioactivation of amodiaquine in vivo. (nih.gov)
- 6. Substitution of a fluorine for the phenolic hydroxyl group in amodiaquine blocked bioactivation of the drug in vivo. (nih.gov)
- In light of reports of increasing resistance of parasites to amodiaquine in African countries in whichPlasmodium falciparumis endemic as well as the paucity of recent in vitro sensitivity data, we assessed the in vivo and in vitro sensitivity to amodiaquine ofP. (ovid.com)
- The high prevalence of in vitro and in vivo resistance precludes the use of amodiaquine on its own as second-line treatment. (ovid.com)
- We provide in vivo data to support the in vitro correlation between pfcrt SVMNT and increased resistance to the metabolite of amodiaquine. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Artesunate and amodiaquine2
- Three batches of structured suppositories of artesunate and amodiaquine (ACT) were formulated by the melt moulding (fusion) technique, evaluated for various parameters including physical characterization, weight variation, drug content, morphology and in vitro drug release. (edu.ng)
- The compatibility results proved that artesunate and amodiaquine are compatible. (edu.ng)
Treatment14
- People who are poor metabolizers of amodiaquine display lower treatment efficacy against malaria, as well as increased toxicity. (wikipedia.org)
- About 3.6% of the population studied showed high risk for a poor reaction to or reduced treatment outcomes when treated with amodiaquine. (wikipedia.org)
- Amodiaquine + SP is not well tolerated and a substantial proportion of patients experienced pruritus and fatigue, thus decreasing their compliance and compromising the first line treatment implementation at national level. (ingentaconnect.com)
- The metabolite exerts the principal antimalarial activity SP, amodiaquine, and AQ/SP are effective therapies for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Kampala, Uganda. (schule.de)
- Artesunate-amodiaquine for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria. (www.gov.uk)
- Artesunate-amodiaquine combination is the first line treatment used in Médecins Sans Frontières programmes in Niger. (clinicaltrials.gov)
- Artesunate-amodiaquine combination for the treatment of childhood malaria is one of the artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs) recommended by National authorities in many African countries today. (biomedcentral.com)
- These findings also suggest that the value of amodiaquine combinations as first- or second-line treatment in areas with similar patterns of 4-aminoquinoline resistance should be reassessed. (ovid.com)
- Therefore, the parasitological and haematological response to treatment with amodiaquine was studied in children under 5 years during a 14-day follow-up. (msf.org)
- Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of amodiaquine versus chloroquine in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Abie, Côte-d'Ivoire]. (msf.org)
- Fixed artesunate-amodiaquine combined pre-formulation study for the treatment of malaria. (ox.ac.uk)
- To examine the importance of these mutations in amodiaquine-treated Asian parasites, we determined pre- and posttreatment genotypes for amodiaquine treatment failures from a clinical trial in Afghanistan. (lshtm.ac.uk)
- Two national malaria control programmes, Burundi and Zanzibar, have decided upon amodiaquine-artesunate as their first-line treatment, although SP will continue to fill this role until the new policy can be implemented. (ox.ac.uk)
- Currently, successful malaria treatment depends primarily upon the efficacy of SP, and of amodiaquine, which is either a component of first-line treatment, or the second line drug. (ox.ac.uk)
Vitro3
- The impact of these findings on in vitro sensitivity testing and blood analysis of persons dosed with amodiaquine is discussed. (nih.gov)
- The mean in vitro activity of desethylamodiaquine (67.5 nM) was approximately 3.5 times lower than that of amodiaquine (18.2 nM). (ajtmh.org)
- In vitro, amodiaquine is more efficient than chloroquine in restraining the proliferation of human cell lines derived from colorectal carcinomas, a cancer type with predicted susceptibility to ribosome biogenesis stress. (scilifelab.se)
Pharmacokinetics2
- chloroquine-resistant P. Chloroquine is an aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at pharmacokinetics of quinine chloroquine and amodiaquine position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. (schule.de)
- Pharmacokinetics of intravenous amodiaquine. (ox.ac.uk)
Toxicity6
- Amodiaquine-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. (sigmaaldrich.com)
- The toxicity of amodiaquine and the lack of cheap drugs have prompted a search for alternative antimalarial agents. (nih.gov)
- The aim of this study was to determine the metabolism and neutrophil toxicity of amodiaquine, pyronaridine, and other related antimalarial agents. (nih.gov)
- The development and clinical use of 4-aminoquinoline antimalarial agents such as amodiaquine have been limited by toxicity to neutrophils. (aspetjournals.org)
- We have investigated the chemical basis of amodiaquine-induced toxicity and compared the findings with those for established antimalarial drugs proposed for human use. (aspetjournals.org)
- These data provide a chemical rationale for the idiosyncratic agranulocytosis observed with amodiaquine, and they suggest that similar toxicity might be anticipated for amopyroquine but is less likely with bis-mannich antimalarial agents such as pyronaridine. (aspetjournals.org)
Histamine3
- Amodiaquine is a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of histamine N-methyl transferase with estimated Ki of 18.6 nM. (selleckchem.com)
- Amodiaquine is a histamine N-methyltransferase inhibitor. (pediatriconcall.com)
- Amodiaquine is a potent, non-competitive inhibitor of histamine N-methyl transferase in human erythrocytes, also used as an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent. (adooq.com)
Phase2
- Insertion of an N-hydroxyethyl function enabled partial clearance of amodiaquine and its deshydroxyfluoro analogue via O-glucuronidation and altered the balance between phase I oxidation and direct phase II conjugation of amodiaquine. (nih.gov)
- We developed a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method that separates the two major metabolites from each other and from amodiaquine, allowing separate quantification. (nih.gov)
Agranulocytosis2
- Life-threatening agranulocytosis and hepatotoxicity during prophylactic administration of amodiaquine have led to its withdrawal. (nih.gov)
- Amodiaquine is actually a congener of chloroquine and is no longer used abroad owing to its propensity for causing hepatic damage and agranulocytosis. (brainkart.com)
Antimalarial agents1
- In contrast to other antimalarial agents, amodiaquine (because it contains a 4-aminophenol function) depleted glutathione in activated neutrophils, by formation of an electrophilic quinoneimine metabolite. (aspetjournals.org)
Inhibitor1
- RNAseq analysis revealed mechanistic similarities of amodiaquine with BMH-21, the first-in-class Pol I inhibitor, and with chloroquine, the antimalarial analog of amodiaquine, with well-established autophagy-inhibitory activity. (scilifelab.se)
Inhibits1
- This orally available drug combination - nelfinavir -amodiaquine - inhibits the virus infection in cell cultures,' Kainov said. (news-medical.net)
Combination therapies1
- With the use of amodiaquine as a partner drug in antimalarial combination therapies being scaled up, well-structured studies are needed on adverse reactions to amodiaquine and to investigate amodiaquine-associated asthenia. (ijtmgh.com)
Drugs3
- The six drugs were nelfinavir, salinomycin, amodiaquine, obatoclax, emetine and homoharringtonine, said Denis Kainov, an associate professor at the university's Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, and senior author of the article. (news-medical.net)
- Calculation of the heat of formation of the drugs, however, demonstrated that amodiaquine, tebuquine, cycloquine, and pyronaridine readily undergo oxidation to their quinoneimine. (nih.gov)
- Experimental and calculated 13C NMR chemical shifts of quinoline ring carbons are used to investigate the self-association of the antimalarial drugs chloroquine, amodiaquine and quinine. (schule.de)
National malaria1
- He was treated with the combination artesunate + amodiaquine according to the national malaria policy in Madagascar. (harvard.edu)
Parasite2
- Amodiaquine Hydrochloride binds the free heme preventing the parasite from converting it to a form less toxic. (shreejiexports.net)
- Amodiaquine is a weak base that reaches high concentration within the malarial parasite and causes accumulation of toxic heme pigment, which kills it. (salvavidaspharmaceutical.com)
Pfmdr11
- Amodiaquine did not clearly select for any pfmdr1 genotype, but a novel mutation, pfmdr1 N86F, was detected in four samples. (lshtm.ac.uk)
Hepatic4
- Role of hepatic metabolism in the bioactivation and detoxication of amodiaquine. (nih.gov)
- 1. The hepatic metabolism of the antimalarial drug amodiaquine was investigated in order to gain further insight into the postulated metabolic causation of the hepatotoxicity, which restricts the use of the drug. (nih.gov)
- However, no such binding was observed with human (six individuals) hepatic microsomes despite extensive turnover of amodiaquine to desethylamodiaquine. (nih.gov)
- Amodiaquine prevents severe hepatic injury and high lethality in P. acnes-primed and LPS-induced hepatitis mice. (selleckchem.com)
19481
- Amodiaquine was first made in 1948. (wikipedia.org)
Potent1
- day 14, Peto odds ratio 6.44 (95% confidence interval (CI) 5.09 to 8.15) Although amodiaquine is more potent than chloroquine, its effectiveness is reduced in areas where chloroquine resistance is high. (schule.de)