Amnesia
Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)
Amnesia, Retrograde
Loss of the ability to recall information that had been previously encoded in memory prior to a specified or approximate point in time. This process may be organic or psychogenic in origin. Organic forms may be associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; and a wide variety of other conditions that impair cerebral function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-9)
Amnesia, Anterograde
Loss of the ability to form new memories beyond a certain point in time. This condition may be organic or psychogenic in origin. Organically induced anterograde amnesia may follow CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SEIZURES; ANOXIA; and other conditions which adversely affect neural structures associated with memory formation (e.g., the HIPPOCAMPUS; FORNIX (BRAIN); MAMMILLARY BODIES; and ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI). (From Memory 1997 Jan-Mar;5(1-2):49-71)
Amnesia, Transient Global
A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the ability to form new memories. It primarily occurs in middle aged or elderly individuals, and episodes may last from minutes to hours. During the period of amnesia, immediate and recent memory abilities are impaired, but the level of consciousness and ability to perform other intellectual tasks are preserved. The condition is related to bilateral dysfunction of the medial portions of each TEMPORAL LOBE. Complete recovery normally occurs, and recurrences are unusual. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp429-30)
Korsakoff Syndrome
An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM; but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)
Memory
Alcohol Amnestic Disorder
Retention (Psychology)
Pyrithiamine
Diencephalon
Scopolamine Hydrobromide
An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like ATROPINE, but may have more central nervous system effects. Among the many uses are as an anesthetic premedication, in URINARY INCONTINENCE, in MOTION SICKNESS, as an antispasmodic, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.
Neuropsychological Tests
Confusion
Unconsciousness
Temporal Lobe
Autobiography as Topic
Hippocampus
A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.
Thalamic Diseases
Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortical information. Manifestations include sensory loss, MOVEMENT DISORDERS; ATAXIA, pain syndromes, visual disorders, a variety of neuropsychological conditions, and COMA. Relatively common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; BRAIN HYPOXIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and infectious processes.
Memory Disorders
Midazolam
A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.
Craniocerebral Trauma
Learning
Anisomycin
Paired-Associate Learning
Mamillary Bodies
Thiamine Deficiency
A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of THIAMINE in the diet, characterized by anorexia, irritability, and weight loss. Later, patients experience weakness, peripheral neuropathy, headache, and tachycardia. In addition to being caused by a poor diet, thiamine deficiency in the United States most commonly occurs as a result of alcoholism, since ethanol interferes with thiamine absorption. In countries relying on polished rice as a dietary staple, BERIBERI prevalence is very high. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1171)
Preanesthetic Medication
Recognition (Psychology)
Anterior Thalamic Nuclei
Multiple Personality Disorder
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Brain Damage, Chronic
A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.
Limbic Encephalitis
A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA; TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance (depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with this syndrome.
Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System
Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting the central or peripheral nervous system that develop in association with a systemic neoplasm without direct invasion by tumor. They may be associated with circulating antibodies that react with the affected neural tissue. (Intern Med 1996 Dec;35(12):925-9)
Frontal Lobe
Amblyopia
A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.
Hallucinations
Dental Care for Chronically Ill
Periodontal Diseases
Evoked Potentials, Visual
Neural Networks (Computer)
A computer architecture, implementable in either hardware or software, modeled after biological neural networks. Like the biological system in which the processing capability is a result of the interconnection strengths between arrays of nonlinear processing nodes, computerized neural networks, often called perceptrons or multilayer connectionist models, consist of neuron-like units. A homogeneous group of units makes up a layer. These networks are good at pattern recognition. They are adaptive, performing tasks by example, and thus are better for decision-making than are linear learning machines or cluster analysis. They do not require explicit programming.
Recovery from anterograde and retrograde amnesia after percutaneous drainage of a cystic craniopharyngioma. (1/84)
A case is reported of a cystic craniopharyngioma involving the floor and walls of the third ventricle. Pronounced anterograde and retrograde amnesia were documented preoperatively by formal testing. Rapid improvement in both new learning capacity and remote memory occurred after percutaneous twist drill drainage of the cystic portion of the tumour. The relevance of these observations to the amnesic syndrome and its neuropathological basis is discussed. (+info)Naloxone in the prevention of the adverse cognitive effects of ECT: a within-subject, placebo controlled study. (2/84)
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for major depression, but is also associated with characteristic cognitive side effects. Several reports document that endogenous opioids and their receptors are activated by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) and that naloxone in doses sufficient to block endogenous opioid receptors may reverse ECS-induced retrograde amnesia. This placebo-controlled, randomized, within-patient study was conducted to examine the potential of naloxone, given in doses sufficient to block opioid receptors (high dose), to ameliorate acute anterograde and retrograde memory impairments following ECT. Compared to placebo and low dose naloxone, high dose naloxone administered immediately before ECT resulted in significant reductions in anterograde amnesia, and better performance on an attention task. Both low and high dose naloxone improved verbal fluency. There were no beneficial effects of high dose naloxone on retrograde amnesia, and an indication that high dose naloxone may have worsened retrograde amnesia for shape stimuli. There were no effects of high dose naloxone on seizure duration, vital signs, and subjective side effects. The study is consistent with prior research in which change in behavioral and physiological measures was produced principally by naloxone doses sufficient to block endogenous opioid receptors and offers evidence of the potential for ameliorating some adverse cognitive effects associated with ECT. (+info)Anterograde and retrograde amnesia after lesions to frontal cortex in rats. (3/84)
A socially acquired food-preference test was used to assess effects of lesions to the frontal cortex on anterograde and retrograde memory in rats. In Experiment 1, there was no effect of lesion when rats were administered a two-choice test in which the target food was to be selected in the presence of a single distractor. In Experiment 2, a three-choice memory test was administered in which the target food was presented along with two equally palatable alternatives. In the latter test, lesioned groups displayed anterograde amnesia that increased with the length of the interval between postoperative acquisition and test, and a severe retrograde amnesia that extended equally over the entire range of intervals between preoperative acquisition and test. This outcome, which contrasted with the pattern of memory loss previously observed in rats with hippocampal lesions on this test, was interpreted as evidence for the strategic role of the frontal lobes in directing response selection and retrieval processes in memory. (+info)Reactivation-dependent changes in memory states in the terrestrial slug Limax flavus. (4/84)
The change in memory state in the terrestrial slug Limax flavus was studied using cooling-induced retrograde amnesia. Slugs were first conditioned to avoid carrot odor and then a second conditioning procedure was applied 1, 3, 6, or 7 days after the first conditioning trial. Cooling the slugs to approximately 1 degrees C on day 7 immediately after the presentation of the odor used in the conditioning resulted in retrograde amnesia in the slugs that were subject to a second conditioning on day 6 or 7, but not in slugs that were subject to a second conditioning on day 1 or 3. Next, second-order conditioning was used as the second conditioning procedure to distinguish the memory acquired in the first conditioning from that acquired in the second conditioning and similar results were obtained. These results suggest that the reactivation of memory altered the memory state from a cooling-insensitive state to a cooling-sensitive one. A possible model for memory states is discussed. (+info)Computer-assisted behavioral assessment of Pavlovian fear conditioning in mice. (5/84)
In Pavlovian fear conditioning, a conditional stimulus (CS, usually a tone) is paired with an aversive unconditional stimulus (US, usually a foot shock) in a novel context. After even a single pairing, the animal comes to exhibit a long-lasting fear to the CS and the conditioning context, which can be measured as freezing, an adaptive defense reaction in mice. Both context and tone conditioning depend on the integrity of the amygdala, and context conditioning further depends on the hippocampus. The reliability and efficiency of the fear conditioning assay makes it an excellent candidate for the screening of learning and memory deficits in mutant mice. One obstacle is that freezing in mice has been accurately quantified only by human observers, using a tedious method that can be subject to bias. In the present study we generated a simple, high-speed, and highly accurate algorithm that scores freezing of four mice simultaneously using NIH Image on an ordinary Macintosh computer. The algorithm yielded a high correlation and excellent linear fit between computer and human scores across a broad range of conditions. This included the ability to score low pretraining baseline scores and accurately mimic the effects of two independent variables (shock intensity and test modality) on fear. Because we used a computer and digital video, we were able to acquire a secondary index of fear, activity suppression, as well as baseline activity scores. Moreover, we measured the unconditional response to shock. These additional measures can enhance the sensitivity of the assay to detect interesting memory phenotypes and control for possible confounds. Thus, this computer-assisted system for measuring behavior during fear conditioning allows for the standardized and carefully controlled assessment of multiple aspects of the fear conditioning experience. (+info)Profound amnesia after damage to the medial temporal lobe: A neuroanatomical and neuropsychological profile of patient E. P. (6/84)
E. P. became profoundly amnesic in 1992 after viral encephalitis, which damaged his medial temporal lobe bilaterally. Because of the rarity of such patients, we have performed a detailed neuroanatomical analysis of E. P.'s lesion using magnetic resonance imaging, and we have assessed his cognitive abilities with a wide range of neuropsychological tests. Finally, we have compared and contrasted the findings for E. P. with the noted amnesic patient H.M, whose surgical lesion is strikingly similar to E. P.'s lesion. (+info)Phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein as a molecular marker of memory processing in rat hippocampus: effect of novelty. (7/84)
From mollusks to mammals the activation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) appears to be an important step in the formation of long-term memory (LTM). Here we show that a 5 min exposure to a novel environment (open field) 1 hr after acquisition of a one-trial inhibitory avoidance training hinders both the formation of LTM for the avoidance task and the increase in the phosphorylation state of hippocampal Ser 133 CREB [phosphorylated CREB (pCREB)] associated with the avoidance training. To determine whether this LTM deficit is attributable to the reduced pCREB level, rats were bilaterally cannulated to deliver Sp-adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphothioate (Sp-cAMPS), an activator of PKA. Infusion of Sp-Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphothioate Sp-cAMPS to CA1 region increased hippocampal pCREB levels and restored normal LTM of avoidance learning in rats exposed to novelty. Moreover, a 5 min exposure to the open field 10 min before the avoidance training interferes with the amnesic effect of a second 5 min exposure to the open field 1 hr after avoidance training and restores the hippocampal levels of pCREB. In contrast, the avoidance training-associated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p42 and p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases) in the hippocampus is not altered by novelty. Together, these findings suggest that novelty regulates LTM formation by modulating the phosphorylation state of CREB in the hippocampus. (+info)Retrograde amnesia for spatial memory induced by NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation. (8/84)
If information is stored as distributed patterns of synaptic weights in the hippocampal formation, retention should be vulnerable to electrically induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal synapses after learning. This prediction was tested by training animals in a spatial water maze task and then delivering bursts of high-frequency (HF) or control stimulation to the perforant path in the angular bundle. High-frequency stimulation induced LTP in the dentate gyrus and probably also at other hippocampal termination sites. Retention in a later probe test was disrupted. When the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) was administered before the high-frequency stimulation, water maze retention was unimpaired. CPP administration blocked the induction of LTP. Thus, high-frequency stimulation of hippocampal afferents disrupts memory retention only when it induces a change in the spatial pattern of synaptic weights. The NMDA receptor dependency of this retrograde amnesia is consistent with the synaptic plasticity and memory hypothesis. (+info)
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Ribot's law
Retrograde amnesia. Hippocampus, 11(1): 50-55. Squire, L. R., Slater, P. C., and Chance, P. (1975). Retrograde amnesia temporal ... Ribot's law of retrograde amnesia was hypothesized in 1881 by Théodule Ribot. It states that there is a time gradient in ... Not all patients suffering from retrograde amnesia report the symptoms of Ribot's law. Ribot's law was first postulated by the ... For example, hippocampal lesion experiments with mouse models have shown retrograde amnesia for approximately one week prior to ...
Retrospective memory
Its primary focus is on retrograde amnesia for specific, usually time-limited, knowledge. In the case of semantic retrograde ... Retrograde amnesia is defined as the loss of memory of events and experiences occurring prior to an illness, accident, injury, ... Semantic retrograde amnesia involves loss of generic, lifelong knowledge, as in the various forms of aphasia or agnosia, and ... Temporally graded retrograde amnesia extending back several decades (early memories in life) are a common feature of patients ...
Chain Chronicle
She has retrograde amnesia; she cannot remember who she really is when she is first attacked by the Black Army until Yuri saved ...
Recall (memory)
Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while ... Focal retrograde amnesia[edit]. Retrograde amnesia is typically the result of physical or psychological trauma which manifests ... Amnesia[edit]. Amnesia which is the damage or disruption of memory processes, has been a very popular subject in movies since ... He maintains his identity and shows very little retrograde amnesia. He also displays some of the daily memory problems that are ...
Motivated forgetting
Markowitsch, H.J. (1996). "Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia: two sides of the same coin?". Neurocase. 2 (4): 357-371 ... Markowitsch, H.J. (2002). "Functional retrograde amnesia-mnestic block syndrome". Cortex. 38 (4): 651-654. doi:10.1016/S0010- ... Psychogenic amnesia is generally found in cases where there is a profound and surprising forgetting of chunks of one's personal ... When the person recovers they are able to remember their personal history, but they have amnesia for the events that took place ...
Electroconvulsive therapy
Retrograde amnesia is most marked for events occurring in the weeks or months before treatment, with one study showing that ... It has been claimed by some non-medical authors that retrograde amnesia occurs to some extent in almost all patients receiving ... A positive side effect to the treatment was retrograde amnesia. It was because of this side effect that patients could not ... The acute effects of ECT can include amnesia, both retrograde (for events occurring before the treatment) and anterograde (for ...
Susan Kennedy
Susan slips on some spilt milk and wakes up with retrograde amnesia. She loses thirty years of her memory and believes she is ... Susan's family take her to the hospital, where she is diagnosed with retrograde amnesia. Karl becomes determined to tell her ... Susan developed retrograde amnesia. The storyline saw Susan slip on some spilt milk and sustain a minor head injury. After she ... retrograde amnesia, multiple sclerosis and surrogacy. She has also been central to a cyber-bullying plot. In October 2009, ...
Van Breda murders
"Marli Van Breda discharged, suffers retrograde amnesia". EWN. 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2016-06-15. "Henri van Breda suspected of ... she was later diagnosed with retrograde amnesia and has no recollection of what took place on the evening of the attack. An axe ...
Engram (neuropsychology)
"Engram cells retain memory under retrograde amnesia". Science. 348 (6238): 1007-1013. Bibcode:2015Sci...348.1007R. doi:10.1126/ ...
Susumu Tonegawa
Ryan, T. J.; Roy, D. S.; Pignatelli, M.; Arons, A.; Tonegawa, S. (2015). "Engram cells retain memory under retrograde amnesia ... amnesia, and Alzheimer's disease. These works provide proofs of concept for future medical treatments in humans through the ...
Cicuta maculata
Occasional long-term effects include retrograde amnesia. Ingestion of water hemlock in any quantity can result in death or ...
Memory consolidation
Squire and Alvarez took the temporally graded nature of patients with retrograde amnesia as support for the notion that once a ... Molaison also showed signs of retrograde amnesia spanning a period of about 3 years prior to the surgery suggesting that ... Nadel, L.; Moscovitch, M. (1997). "Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex". Current Opinion in ... Squire, L. R.; Alvarez, P. (1995). "Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: A neurobiological perspective". Current ...
Amanita muscaria
Retrograde amnesia and somnolence can result following recovery. Medical attention should be sought in cases of suspected ...
Eyewitness memory (child testimony)
Nadel, Lynn; Moscovitch, Morris (April 1997). "Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex". Current ...
The Number 23
Film portal 23 (film) Retrograde amnesia "The Number 23". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. Retrieved September 1, 2017. "THE ... Walter survived his suicide attempt but due to his head trauma and survivors guilt is left with amnesia. Walter is ...
Sadma
The film tells the story of Nehalata Malhotra, a young woman who regresses to childhood as result of retrograde amnesia after ... When she recovers, she is diagnosed with retrograde amnesia. Having mentally regressed to the state of her 6-year-old self, she ... Sridevi's performance as a child-woman suffering from amnesia was called by Indian Express "a milestone in her illustrious ...
Controversies about psychiatry
ECT is associated with both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Studies utilizing objective measures of assessing anterograde ... amnesia have consistently demonstrated that any such abnormalities disappear within several months following completion of an ...
Temporoparietal junction
Sehm, Bernhard; Frisch, S; Thone-Otto, A; Horstmann, A; Villringer, A (2011). "Focal Retrograde Amnesia: Voxel-Based ... Amnesia is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage, disease, or physiological trauma. Amnesia is best understood via Henry ... Amnesia Morality Out-of-body experience Theory of mind Abu-Akel, A; Shamay-Tsoory, S (September 2011). "Neuroanatomical and ... Studies have also revealed that certain types of epileptic amnesia could be attributed to TPJ. fMRI studies indicated that ...
Sun Xiaoguo
She also suffered retrograde amnesia, and fell into a coma. On February 18, 1998, the Kunming Intermediate People's Court tried ...
Unknown White Male
During the film, medical experts opine that Bruce is suffering from a syndrome called retrograde amnesia, a form of amnesia ... Retrograde amnesia would not account for this additional post-episode memory loss. Previous to Bruce waking up with amnesia and ... "Total retrograde amnesia doesn't happen out of nothing," he says. "I can't imagine that this story is true."[1] The same ... a neuropsychologist and professor at the Bielefeld University in Germany and a specialist on total retrograde amnesia. "To ...
Pasquale Calabrese
Retrograde amnesia for world knowledge and preserved memory for autobiographic events. A case report. Cortex, 35, (243-252) ... Retrograde amnesia after traumatic injury of the temporo-frontal cortex. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 56 ... clinical studies to investigate the functional neuroanatomical and neuropsychological correlates of retrograde amnesia after ...
Blank (2019 film)
Hanif regains consciousness but has developed retrograde amnesia following the accident. However, Dewan refuses to trust him ...
Self-knowledge (psychology)
... who suffered dense retrograde amnesia leaving her unable to recall any events that occurred prior to the development of amnesia ... A case study of retrograde amnesia. Brain and Cognition, 8, 3-20 Klein, S. B., & Loftus, J. (1993). The mental representation ... However, her memory for general facts about her life during the period of amnesia remained intact. This suggests that a ... Evidence also exists that shows how patients with severe amnesia can have accurate and detailed semantic knowledge of what they ...
Collective memory
... if any of these structures are damaged you can get anterograde or retrograde amnesia(Anastasio et al.,p. 26, 2012). Amnesia ... Over time, memory loss becomes a natural part of amnesia. Sometimes you can get retrograde memory of a recent or past event. ...
Hippocampus
... retrograde amnesia). Although the retrograde effect normally extends many years back before the brain damage, in some cases ... "Retrograde amnesia after hippocampal damage: recent vs. remote memories in two tasks". Hippocampus. 11 (1): 27-42. doi:10.1002/ ... The unexpected outcome of the surgery was severe anterograde and partial retrograde amnesia; Molaison was unable to form new ... Transient global amnesia is a dramatic, sudden, temporary, near-total loss of short-term memory. Various causes have been ...
Spatial memory
Winocur, G.; Moscovitch, M.; Caruana, D. A.; Binns, M. A. (2005). "Retrograde amnesia in rats with lesions to the hippocampus ... Martin, S. J.; de Hozl, L.; Morris, R. G. M. (2005). "Retrograde amnesia: neither partial nor complete hippocampal lesions in ... In addition, rats with hippocampal lesions were shown to have temporally ungraded (time-independent) retrograde amnesia that is ... Parietal cortex lesions are also known to produce temporally ungraded retrograde amnesia. The dorsalcaudal medial entorhinal ...
S.M. (patient)
Strange, B. A.; Hurlemann, R.; Dolan, R. J. (2003). "An emotion-induced retrograde amnesia in humans is amygdala- and - ...
Orson Hodge
Mike, though alive, no longer worried Orson as he had retrograde amnesia. Unfortunately for them, Carolyn returned. They ...
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Linden, E. R.; Bern, D.; Fishbein, W. (1974). "Retrograde amnesia: prolonging the fixation phase of memory consolidation by ... thus increasing the susceptibility of the brain to other neurochemical agents that can cause amnesia. Further research has ...
Kennedy family (Neighbours)
Susan slips on spilt milk and hits her head, resulting in retrograde amnesia. She fails to remember Karl or her children, ... amnesia, multiple sclerosis, frequent questionable haircuts), but she gets by thanks to her family. She's so devoted, in fact, ...
Talk:Memory and trauma
... he temporarily suffered total retrograde amnesia, even after surgery was performed to remove the tumor.[4] However, with time, ...
Childhood amnesia
... , also called infantile amnesia, is the inability of adults to retrieve episodic memories (memories of ... He asserted that childhood or infantile amnesia was a precursor to the 'hysterical amnesia,' or repression, presented by his ... It also fails to address the issue that children themselves do not show childhood amnesia.[1] Children around the age of two to ... To date, estimates have ranged from 2 to 6-8 years of age.[11] Some research shows that the offset of childhood amnesia ( ...
Blood alcohol content
Retrograde extrapolation is the mathematical process by which someone's blood alcohol concentration at the time of driving is ... Amnesia (memory blackout). *Unconsciousness. *Severe physical disability. 0.300-0.399 65.1-86.6 300-399 *Central nervous system ... Montgomery, Mark R.; Reasor, Mark J. (1992). "Retrograde extrapolation of blood alcohol data: An applied approach". Journal of ... Although subject to the same infirmities as retrograde extrapolation-guessing based upon averages and unknown variables-this ...
Head injury
A slightly greater injury is associated with both anterograde and retrograde amnesia (inability to remember events before or ... after the injury). The amount of time that the amnesia is present correlates with the severity of the injury. In all cases the ...
Symptom
Amnesia *Anterograde amnesia. *Retrograde amnesia. *Convulsion. *Dizziness *Disequilibrium. *Presyncope/Lightheadedness. * ...
Reflex syncope
Amnesia *Anterograde amnesia. *Retrograde amnesia. *Dizziness *Vertigo. *Presyncope/Lightheadedness. *Disequilibrium. * ...
Diazepam
While benzodiazepine drugs such as diazepam can cause anterograde amnesia, they do not cause retrograde amnesia; information ... It is also used as a premedication for inducing sedation, anxiolysis, or amnesia before certain medical procedures (e.g., ... The elderly are more prone to adverse effects of diazepam, such as confusion, amnesia, ataxia, and hangover effects, as well as ... Pre- or postoperative sedation, anxiolysis or amnesia (e.g., before endoscopic or surgical procedures)[21] ...
ഹിപ്പോകാംപസ് - വിക്കിപീഡിയ
"Retrograde amnesia after hippocampal damage: recent vs. remote memories in two tasks". Hippocampus. 11 (1): 27-42. doi:10.1002/ ... Eichenbaum H, Cohen NJ (1993). Memory, Amnesia, and the Hippocampal System. MIT Press.. ... O'Kane G, Kensinger EA, Corkin S (2004). "Evidence for semantic learning in profound amnesia: an investigation with patient H.M ...
Eleanor Maguire
This is also true of her other work such as that showing that patients with amnesia cannot imagine the future[19] which several ... "Patients with hippocampal amnesia cannot imagine new experiences" (PDF). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 104 ...
Medical sign
Amnesia *Anterograde amnesia. *Retrograde amnesia. *Dizziness *Vertigo. *Presyncope/Lightheadedness. *Disequilibrium. * ...
Posthypnotic amnesia
Whereas the retrieval of memories under retrograde amnesia is a slow and labour-intensive process, the reversal of hypnotically ... whereas other types of amnesia suffer from a "storage" deficit (e.g. Anterograde amnesia). post-hypnotic amnesia has been ... Two types of posthypnotic amnesia: Recall amnesia and source amnesia. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental ... Suggested post-hypnotic amnesia can be induced and left for long periods of time, depending on if the amnesia is significant in ...
Kent Cochrane
Cochrane suffered from both anterograde amnesia and temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Both forms of amnesia are ... As far as his temporally graded retrograde amnesia is concerned, he was considered an anomaly; in other words, his ability to ... as well as temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Like other amnesic patients (patient HM, for example), Cochrane had his ... Eichenbaum, Howard; Cohen, Neal J. (1993). Memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal system. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0- ...
Long-term memory
His subsequent total anterograde amnesia and partial retrograde amnesia provided the first evidence for the localization of ... Meulemans, Thierry; Van der Linden, Martial (2003). "Implicit learning of complex information in amnesia". Brain and Cognition ... Aggleton, John P (2008). "Understanding anterograde amnesia: Disconnections and hidden lesions". The Quarterly Journal of ...
gamma-Aminobutyric acid
Many of the substances below are known to cause anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia.[53] ...
Hjernerystelse, den frie encyklopædi
"Posttraumatic Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia: Pathophysiology and Implications in Grading and Safe Return to Play". Journal ...
Nitrazepam
Also, depressed or increased dreaming, disorientation, severe sedation, retrograde amnesia, headache, hypothermia, and delirium ...
Memory
This memory loss includes retrograde amnesia which is the loss of memory for events that occurred shortly before the time of ... Loss of memory is known as amnesia. Amnesia can result from extensive damage to: (a) the regions of the medial temporal lobe, ... Memory loss is usually described as forgetfulness or amnesia.[15][16][17][18][19][20] ... Importantly, infantile amnesia is not unique to humans, and preclinical research (using rodent models) provides insight into ...
Posttraumatisk hukommelsestab, den frie encyklopædi
"Posttraumatic Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia: Pathophysiology and Implications in Grading and Safe Return to Play". Journal ... Trzepacz PT, Kennedy RE (2005). "Delerium and Posttraumatic Amnesia". I Silver JM, McAllister TW, Yudofsky SC. Textbook Of ...
Suicidal ideation
Amnesia *Anterograde amnesia. *Retrograde amnesia. *Dizziness *Vertigo. *Presyncope/Lightheadedness. *Disequilibrium. * ...
Persistent vegetative state
Amnesia *Anterograde amnesia. *Retrograde amnesia. *Convulsion. *Dizziness *Disequilibrium. *Presyncope/Lightheadedness. * ...
Transient global amnesia
... may be related to retrograde flow of blood in the jugular vein, and therefore, presumably, cerebral blood circulation, in ... Amnesia Dissociative amnesia Logan, W; Sherman, D (1983). "Transient global amnesia". Stroke. 14 (6): 1005-7. doi:10.1161/01. ... "Transient global amnesia". Mayo Clinic. Retrieved 19 October 2009. "Sex Can Trigger Short-Term Amnesia". AOL News. Archived ... Bauer, G.; Benke, T; Unterberger, I; Schmutzhard, E; Trinka, E (2005). "Transient global amnesia or transient epileptic amnesia ...
Mnemonic
Amnesia *anterograde. *childhood. *post-traumatic. *psychogenic. *retrograde. *transient global. *Decay theory. *Forgetting ...
Memory and aging
Amnesia *anterograde. *childhood. *post-traumatic. *psychogenic. *retrograde. *transient global. *Decay theory. *Forgetting ...
Klüver-Bucy syndrome
The level of amnesia is considered to be profound. Docility. Characterized by exhibiting diminished fear responses or reacting ... Its nature is both anterograde and retrograde, meaning new memories cannot be formed and old memories cannot be recalled. ... Generally included are the following: Amnesia. Characterised by an inability to recall memories. ...
Classical conditioning
Amnesia *anterograde. *childhood. *post-traumatic. *psychogenic. *retrograde. *transient global. *Decay theory. *Forgetting ...
List of mental disorders
Retrograde amnesia. *Rumination syndrome. S[edit]. *Schizoaffective disorder. *Schizoid personality disorder. *Schizophrenia ...
Repressed memory
Anterograde amnesia is a failure to remember new experiences that occur after damage to the brain; retrograde amnesia is the ... Anterograde amnesia can occur because this consolidation process is disrupted; retrograde amnesia can result either from damage ... The form of amnesia that is linked with recovered memories is dissociative amnesia (formerly known as psychogenic amnesia). ... AmnesiaEdit. Amnesia is partial or complete loss of memory that goes beyond mere forgetting. Often it is temporary and involves ...
Retrograde amnesia - Wikipedia
Temporally graded retrograde amnesia[edit]. In temporally graded retrograde amnesia, victims eventually recover most memories ... Focal, isolated, and pure retrograde amnesia[edit]. Focal isolated, and pure retrograde amnesia are terms used to describe a ... a b c d e f g h i Squire, L. R., & Alvarez, P. (1995). Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: A neurobiological ... Other forms of amnesia[edit]. Other forms of amnesia exist and may be confused with RA. For instance, anterograde amnesia (AA) ...
Retrograde Amnesia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
People with retrograde amnesia have trouble accessing memories from before the onset of amnesia. Well tell you what you need ... Focal retrograde amnesia. Focal retrograde amnesia, also known as isolated or pure retrograde amnesia, is when someone only ... Retrograde amnesia affects memories that were formed before the onset of amnesia. Someone who develops retrograde amnesia after ... What conditions cause retrograde amnesia?. Retrograde amnesia can result from damage to different parts of the brain ...
What is retrograde amnesia? | Reference.com
... retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and information that was previously ... Retrograde amnesia is distinct from anterograde amnesia, which is the decreased ability to remember new events or information ... which is referred to as post-traumatic amnesia. Those with retrograde amnesia find the oldest memories the most difficult to ... According to the Mayo Clinic, retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and ...
Administration of a selective glucocorticoid antagonist attenuates electroconvulsive shock-induced retrograde amnesia. -...
Mifepristone, a glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor antagonist, has been shown to attenuate retrograde amnesia induced by ... Administration of a selective glucocorticoid antagonist attenuates electroconvulsive shock-induced retrograde amnesia.. Andrade ... findings strengthen previous data from our laboratory implicating glucocorticoid mechanisms in ECS-induced retrograde amnesia. ...
Concussion with Retrograde Amnesia not doing well - Head & Traumatic Brain Injury - MedHelp
Retrograde Amnesia Produced by Hippocampal Spreading Depression | Science
Selective Recovery from Retrograde Amnesia Produced by Hippocampal Spreading Depression | Science
Selective Recovery from Retrograde Amnesia Produced by Hippocampal Spreading Depression Message Subject. (Your Name) has ... Recovery from the amnesia is selective-rats recover from amnesia of events that occurred24 hours before injection but do not ... potassium chloride into the hippocampus after learning produce temporary disruption of neural activity and retrograde amnesia. ...
Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism | Journal of Neuroscience
Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism. Bryan A. Strange, Marijn C. W. Kroes, ... Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism ... Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism ... Emotion-Induced Retrograde Amnesia Is Determined by a 5-HTT Genetic Polymorphism ...
RETROGRADE AMNESIA FOLLOWING AUTOIMMUNE LIMBIC ENCEPHALITIS | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry
These data demonstrate that retrograde amnesia is common post-VGKC-LE and is a clinically relevant feature of the syndrome. ... We assessed 14 VGKC-LE patients and 14 age-matched controls were assessed on a detailed measure of retrograde episodic memory ( ... Recent work demonstrates many patients suffer from persisting anterograde amnesia following the resolution of VGKC-LE. However ... no detailed assessment of retrograde memory, episodic or otherwise, has yet been undertaken. ...
Retrograde Amnesia from TBI: Confused Whereabouts
Zach Part Two As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a coma brain injury, one would ... Zach Suffers Retrograde Amnesia from TBI after Accident. With your retrograde amnesia from TBI the next thing you remember ... Retrograde Amnesia from TBI: Zach Part Two As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a ... Retrograde Amnesia from TBI: Confused Whereabouts. TBI VoicesRetrograde Amnesia from TBI: Confused Whereabouts ...
Right ventral frontal hypometabolism and abnormal sense of self in a case of disproportionate retrograde amnesia
At the first onset, the patient suffered a mild/lmoderate injury that accounts for an initial anterograde and mild retrograde ... who developed a particular profile of amnesia with two dates of onset. ... Right ventral frontal hypometabolism and abnormal sense of self in a case of disproportionate retrograde amnesia Cogn ... The involvement of this region is consistent with CLs autobiographical retrograde amnesia and his inability to re-experience ...
Difference Between Anterograde Amnesia and Retrograde Amnesia | Difference Between
Retrograde Amnesia Amnesia is a common cliché for movies and television programs. In those instances, it is portrayed as the ... Difference Between Anterograde Amnesia and Retrograde Amnesia Anterograde Amnesia vs. ... Anterograde and retrograde amnesia are just two of the numerous amnesia types that exist. Retrograde amnesia is the involvement ... Categorized under Disease , Difference Between Anterograde Amnesia and Retrograde Amnesia. Anterograde Amnesia vs. Retrograde ...
Lack of a temporal gradient of retrograde amnesia following NMDA-induced lesions of the basolateral amygdala assessed with the...
Retrograde Amnesia - Healthery
Retrograde amnesia is defined as the memory loss of the most recent events after an accident or illness. Learn the causes, ... What is Retrograde Amnesia?. Retrograde amnesia (RA) refers to the loss of recent memories due to a traumatic injury or illness ... An Overview of Retrograde Amnesia. Retrograde amnesia ranges in severity and can also be temporary or permanent. The loss of ... Prevention of Retrograde Amnesia. Since a large majority of retrograde amnesia cases are the result of a traumatic brain injury ...
Recall (memory) - Wikipedia
Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while ... Focal retrograde amnesia[edit]. Retrograde amnesia is typically the result of physical or psychological trauma which manifests ... Amnesia[edit]. Amnesia which is the damage or disruption of memory processes, has been a very popular subject in movies since ... He maintains his identity and shows very little retrograde amnesia. He also displays some of the daily memory problems that are ...
Retrograde Amnesia in Inferno by Dan Brown
Discover more about the retrograde amnesia, the disease showed by Robert Langdon, the main character of Don Browns novel ... Causes of the amnesia. There are several reasons why an individual might develop retrograde amnesia, of which the most common ... Retrograde Amnesia is a form of amnesia (a psychological disorder that involves a disruption of memory) where someone is unable ... Retrograde Amnesia is the disease diagnosed to Robert Langdon, the main character in Dan Browns Inferno, by the doctors when ...
antero-retrograde amnesia Buy Sartace 5mg Tab
However, the probability of developing clinically definite Page 334 пCHAPTER 14 Selected Systemic Conditions With Neuro-Ophthalmic Signs. Visual hallucinations change from propranolol. 3. Effects of Abnormal Visual Experience on the Retinogeniculocortical Pathway Abnormal visual experience can powerfully affect retinogeniculocortical development.
Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia
Functional retrograde amnesia refers to a loss of remote memories in the absence of structural brain damage. In this study, ... Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia, Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University.. E. Fujiwara, Brain and ... Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia. Fujiwara E (2004) Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University. ... Fujiwara E. Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2004. ...
What Are Some Abdominal Tumor Symptoms? | Reference.com
Macquarie University - Psychology - Special PTA patients and other issues
Retrograde amnesia. Retrograde amnesia is the other amnesia noted in the head injury literature. It is the condition where the ... The Westmead PTA Scale was developed using a set of 9 cards in an attempt to measure post-traumatic amnesia in a standard ... This criterion was established to avoid the common occurrence of an island of memory in post-traumatic amnesia. Thus, the ... The Westmead PTA Scale does not attempt to measure this type of amnesia. ...
Retrograde amnesia and the volume of critical brain structures. - CLAHRC
There are many controversies concerning the structural basis of retrograde amnesia (RA). One view is that memories are held ... Retrograde amnesia and the volume of critical brain structures. Kopelman MD., Lasserson D., Kingsley DR., Bello F., Rush C., ... There are many controversies concerning the structural basis of retrograde amnesia (RA). One view is that memories are held ... Amnesia, Retrograde, Atrophy, Brain, Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex, Hippocampus, Humans, Hypoxia, Brain, Magnetic Resonance ...
Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation<...
Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation. Together they form a unique fingerprint. * Retrograde ... Retrograde amnesia gradients : Effects of direct cortical stimulation. / Gold, Paul E.; Macri, John; Mcgaugh, James L. ... Gold, P. E., Macri, J., & Mcgaugh, J. L. (1973). Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation. Science ... Gold, PE, Macri, J & Mcgaugh, JL 1973, Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation, Science, vol. ...
Extended retrograde amnesia gradients: Peripheral epinephrine and frontal cortex stimulation<...
These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ...
Frontiers | Memory Integration as a Challenge to the Consolidation/Reconsolidation Hypothesis: Similarities, Differences and...
We recently proposed that retrograde amnesia does not result from a disruption of the consolidation/reconsolidation processes ... We recently proposed that retrograde amnesia does not result from a disruption of the consolidation/reconsolidation processes ... State Dependency to Explain Retrograde Amnesia. How State Dependency Can Explain Delayed Onset of Retrograde Amnesia. According ... Kesner, R. P. (1971). ECS as a punishing stimulus: dependency on retrograde amnesia, duration of anterograde amnesia and ...
Plus it
Lesions made 1 d after intense training produced robust retrograde amnesia for context fear. Anterograde amnesia was not ... Lesions of the rodent hippocampus produce robust retrograde amnesia for context fear. As in humans, the amnesia is temporally ... As expected, lesioned animals showed severe retrograde amnesia for context fear (F(1,32) = 37.2; p , 0.05) (Fig. 7). These same ... Anagnostaras SG, Maren S, Fanselow MS (1999) Temporally graded retrograde amnesia of contextual fear after hippocampal damage ...
Amnesia classification - wikidoc
Retrograde Amnesia. Retrograde amnesia is a form of amnesia where someone will be unable to recall events that occurred before ... Temporal Classification of Amnesia. Anterograde Amnesia. Anterograde amnesia is a form of amnesia, or memory loss, in which new ... Critical details of the physical changes in the brain that cause retrograde amnesia are still unknown. Retrograde amnesia is ... Both retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia can occur together in the same patient, and commonly result from damage to the ...
Retrograde amnesia in patients with hippocampal, medial temporal, temporal lobe, or frontal pathology - Kent Academic...
Retrograde amnesia in patients with hippocampal, medial temporal, temporal lobe, or frontal pathology ... There is considerable controversy concerning the theoretical basis of retrograde amnesia (R.A.). In the present paper, we ... Retrograde amnesia in patients with hippocampal, medial temporal, temporal lobe, or frontal pathology. Learning and Memory, 13 ... MRI volumes showed that lateral temporal volume was correlated significantly with performance on all three retrograde amnesia ...
Temporally graded retrograde amnesiaTransientHippocampusEpisodicMemoriesType of amnesiaBasis of retrograde amnesiaTypes of retrograde amnesiaAnterograde and retrograde amnesiaPure retrograde amnesiaDisproportionate retrograde amnesiaLesionsPsychogenicPost-traumatEncephalitisTraumatic brainOnset of amnesiaDissociativeSevereDiagnosing amnesia and its causeDiagnosisPosttraumatic amnesiaDurationDeclarativeBrainHippocampalGradientsFindingsRefersMildSymptoms of amnesiaPerson'sAutobiographicalDeficitDisorderTraumaChildhood amnesiaRatsEventsConcussionPsychologicalMedialInfantileTemporaryDifficultyCaseDisruption
Temporally graded retrograde amnesia3
- In temporally graded retrograde amnesia, victims eventually recover most memories following the onset of RA. (wikipedia.org)
- Temporally graded retrograde amnesia - As the name suggests, the memory loss is temporary and patients are usually able to recall past events. (healthery.com)
- The most definite evidence for organic factors could be gathered in patient E.F. who exhibited hypometabolism of brain glucose in resting state PET, temporally graded retrograde amnesia without additional psychiatric background, stress, or obvious secondary gain. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Transient14
- Those who have theoretically pure anterograde amnesia are still able to access memories formed before its onset, but they exist in a transient world where anything beyond their immediate attention span disappears from their consciousness permanently. (wikidoc.org)
- better source needed]In one instance, transient global amnesia was caused by a hippocampal CA1 lesion. (wikipedia.org)
- We attribute the amnesic attacks in the acute stage to a transient epileptic amnesia and the profound retrograde amnesia in the chronic stage to status- or infection -related focal brain damage. (bvsalud.org)
- Transient epileptic amnesia (TEA) is thought to be a focal epilepsy whose major clinical feature is the presence of recurrent spells of anterograde or retrograde amnesia lasting under an hour. (thefreedictionary.com)
- The causes of transient global amnesia, or TGA, are unclear. (encyclopedia.com)
- Transient global amnesia (TGA) is characterized by episodes during which the patient is unable to create new memories or learn new information, and sometimes is unable to recall past memories. (encyclopedia.com)
- Transient global amnesia usually appears in people over 50. (encyclopedia.com)
- Only 3% of people who experience transient global amnesia have symptoms that recur within a year. (encyclopedia.com)
- This type of amnesia has no consistently identifiable cause, but researchers have suggested that migraines or transient ischemic attacks may be the trigger. (thefreedictionary.com)
- While very frightening for the patient, transient global amnesia generally has an excellent prognosis for recovery. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Traumatic amnesia is often transient, the duration of the amnesia is related to the degree of injury and may give an indication of the prognosis for recovery of other functions. (health-cares.net)
- Transient Global Amnesia with Reversible White Matter Lesions: A Variant of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome? (hindawi.com)
- Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a self-limited disease characterized by isolated amnesia, which resolves within 24 h. (hindawi.com)
- Both transient global amnesia (TGA) and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) are acute neurological disorders that are frequently encountered in emergency and neurological departments. (hindawi.com)
Hippocampus9
- Injections of potassium chloride into the hippocampus after learning produce temporary disruption of neural activity and retrograde amnesia. (sciencemag.org)
- To explain the main causes of retrograde amnesia, neurologists often focus their attention on the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. (healthery.com)
- Extreme retrograde amnesia is believed to be caused by brain damage starting out at the hippocampus and spreading to other brain structures over time. (healthery.com)
- The last experiment showed that animals with complete hippocampus lesions could also learn about the context, although the same lesions produced devastating retrograde amnesia. (jneurosci.org)
- Amnesia can be induced, however, with drug infusions or genetic manipulations that target the hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
- While this was a temporary case of amnesia, it still shows the importance of the CA1 region of the hippocampus in memory. (wikipedia.org)
- Amnesia usually results from damage to the hippocampus , part of the brain's medial temporal lobe, which is involved in forming new memories. (slate.com)
- The role of the hippocampus in retrograde amnesia remains controversial and poorly understood. (thenakedscientists.com)
- The absence of extensive retrograde amnesia in these two cases points to a time-limited role for the hippocampus in the retrieval of retrograde memories, and suggests that entorhinal, perirhinal, parahippocampal, or neocortical areas of the temporal lobe may be more critical than the hippocampus proper for long-term retrograde memory functioning. (thenakedscientists.com)
Episodic7
- However, no detailed assessment of retrograde memory, episodic or otherwise, has yet been undertaken. (bmj.com)
- We assessed 14 VGKC-LE patients and 14 age-matched controls were assessed on a detailed measure of retrograde episodic memory (the Autobiographical Interview). (bmj.com)
- Assessment of retrograde memory performance comprised tests of semantic and episodic remote memory. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- We present a case of a 77-year-old male patient who was treated in our outpatient clinic for memory disorders because of episodic confusion and retrograde amnesia. (openaccesspub.org)
- In this case we report EEG abnormalities, episodic confusion and retrograde amnesia after intravitreal treatment with Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab in an elderly patient with microangiopathy. (openaccesspub.org)
- Here we investigated whether, with the onset of hippocampal pathology, age of memory acquisition and retrieval frequency play different roles in modulating the progressive loss of semantic and episodic contents of retrograde memory respectively. (iospress.com)
- Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis. (angelfire.com)
Memories28
- Anterograde amnesia is a similar condition that deals with the inability to form new memories following the onset of an injury or disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Amnesia is a type of memory loss that affects your ability to make, store, and retrieve memories. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia affects memories that were formed before the onset of amnesia. (healthline.com)
- People with anterograde amnesia have trouble making new memories after the onset of amnesia. (healthline.com)
- People with retrograde amnesia have trouble accessing memories from before the onset of amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia is usually temporally graded, which means that your most recent memories are affected first and your oldest memories are usually spared. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia can result from damage to different parts of the brain responsible for controlling emotions and memories. (healthline.com)
- According to Elaine de Guise of McGill University Health Centre, retrograde amnesia can affect a person's memories of events that occurred years, months, days or minutes before the onset of brain damage or a traumatic life event, which is referred to as post-traumatic amnesia. (reference.com)
- Those with retrograde amnesia find the oldest memories the most difficult to recall. (reference.com)
- Anterograde amnesia, on the other hand, involves the lack of ability to form latest memories of any variety after the disorder developed. (differencebetween.net)
- As for retrograde amnesia, definite forms of memories may be entirely difficult to get to. (differencebetween.net)
- In anterograde amnesia, the patient won't be able to create new memories. (differencebetween.net)
- Retrograde amnesia (RA) refers to the loss of recent memories due to a traumatic injury or illness. (healthery.com)
- Most people that are diagnosed with retrograde amnesia can describe long-term memories easily. (healthery.com)
- This form of amnesia is often temporally graded, meaning that subjects are more likely to lose recent memories , those closer to the traumatic incident, than more remote ones. (florenceinferno.com)
- Functional retrograde amnesia refers to a loss of remote memories in the absence of structural brain damage. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Retrograde amnesia is often temporally graded, meaning that remote memories are more easily accessible than events occurring just prior to the trauma ( Ribot's Law ). (wikidoc.org)
- In people suffering with amnesia, the ability to recall immediate information is still retained,[full citation needed][better source needed] and they may still be able to form new memories. (wikipedia.org)
- consequently, he suffers from anterograde amnesia, meaning that, although he can remember everything up until the attack, any new memories are forgotten after approximately fifteen minutes. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Other people experience the inability to learn new facts or retain new memories, which is called ante-rograde amnesia. (encyclopedia.com)
- The loss of ability to create new memories after an amnesia event. (mental-health-matters.com)
- Classified as a Korsakov's Syndrome sufferer, i.e., lacking short-term memory and thus unable to store any new long-term memories, and also suffering from retrograde amnesia . (everything2.com)
- Jimmie's long term memories are restricted to those formed before the age of 19, although the onset of his anterograde amnesia occurred when he was approximately 40 years old. (everything2.com)
- Retrograde means you lose your memories from before the surgery, injury, or whatever incident caused the memory loss. (slate.com)
- It's generally easier for retrograde amnesics to become aware of their condition since they can create and retain new memories, including the realization that they have a bad memory. (slate.com)
- A temporary loss of all memory, but it particularly affects the ability to form new memories (severe anterograde amnesia), with milder loss of past memories (retrograde amnesia) going back a few hours. (health-cares.net)
- Posthypnotic amnesia is where events during hypnosis are forgotten, or where past memories are unable to be recalled. (health-cares.net)
- Infantile amnesia is often thought of as a paradox, since it is known that infants' and young children's minds handle a lot of new impressions and are considered adept at learning, and yet it is believed that memories are only created after some fundamental developments of the brain are completed. (health-cares.net)
Type of amnesia4
- Generally, this is a more severe type of amnesia known as global , or generalized amnesia. (wikipedia.org)
- Finally, diseases such as epilepsy and encephalitis may result from this type of amnesia. (florenceinferno.com)
- This type of amnesia is called retrograde amnesia. (encyclopedia.com)
- Some say this type of amnesia could be linked to language development or the fact that some areas of the brain linked to memory were not fully mature. (health-cares.net)
Basis of retrograde amnesia2
- There are many controversies concerning the structural basis of retrograde amnesia (RA). (nihr.ac.uk)
- There is considerable controversy concerning the theoretical basis of retrograde amnesia (R.A.). In the present paper, we compare medial temporal, medial Plus lateral temporal, and frontal lesion patients on a new autobiographical memory task and measures of the more semantic aspects of memory (famous faces and news events). (kent.ac.uk)
Types of retrograde amnesia1
- It's not caused by damage to the brain, like other types of retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
Anterograde and retrograde amnesia5
- If left untreated, Wernicke encephalopathy progresses into a condition called Korsakoff psychosis , which presents with both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Anterograde and retrograde amnesia are just two of the numerous amnesia types that exist. (differencebetween.net)
- Anterograde and retrograde amnesia can both be present in one individual which makes it very difficult to deal with. (differencebetween.net)
- The management for both anterograde and retrograde amnesia is significantly complex and cannot be summarized. (differencebetween.net)
- Anterograde and retrograde amnesia, often with confabulation and preceded by Wernicke encephalopathy, indicates Korsakoff syndrome. (medscape.com)
Pure retrograde amnesia5
- Focal isolated, and pure retrograde amnesia are terms used to describe a pure form of RA, with an absence of anterograde amnesia (AA). (wikipedia.org)
- Pure retrograde amnesia (PRA) refers to the behavioral syndrome that is characterized by the inability to retrieve remote information in the face of a normal ability to learn new information, with no other ecological or psychometric evidence of cognitive impairment. (wikipedia.org)
- The findings of pure retrograde amnesia have helped form the dissociation between mechanisms for RA and AA. (wikipedia.org)
- Focal retrograde amnesia, also known as isolated or pure retrograde amnesia, is when someone only experiences retrograde amnesia with few or no symptoms of anterograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Pure retrograde amnesia - In this finding, the patient is unable to draw on distant memory and past learned behaviors. (healthery.com)
Disproportionate retrograde amnesia1
- After recovery from status, he showed a persistent amnesia which was characterized as disproportionate retrograde amnesia for the past 20 years. (bvsalud.org)
Lesions1
- Isolated Retrograde Amnesia - Brain scans sometimes link RA to lesions. (healthery.com)
Psychogenic4
- [6] This could be described as a psychogenic form of amnesia with mild anterograde and retrograde loss. (wikipedia.org)
- The focus of this article is the assessment and management of medically unexplained ('psychogenic') amnesia, which we classify here as global or situation specific. (cambridge.org)
- Finally, brain and physiological mechanisms potentially associated with psychogenic amnesia are discussed. (cambridge.org)
- If the amnesia is thought to be of psychological origin, it is termed psychogenic. (thefreedictionary.com)
Post-traumat3
- This is otherwise known as post-traumatic amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Loss of memory for events after the accident is called anterograde amnesia or post traumatic amnesia. (tbilaw.com)
- Injuries are regarded as severe if post traumatic amnesia (PTA) or anterograde amnesia, exceeds 24 hours and very severe if the PTA exceeds one week. (tbilaw.com)
Encephalitis1
- Infections that damage brain tissue, including encephalitis and herpes, can also cause amnesia. (thefreedictionary.com)
Traumatic brain1
- Someone who develops retrograde amnesia after a traumatic brain injury may be unable to remember what happened in the years, or even decades, prior to that injury. (healthline.com)
Onset of amnesia2
- Patients C.D. and I.J. were entirely amnesic for their lives prior to the onset of amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Retrograde amnesia is a form of amnesia where someone will be unable to recall events that occurred before the onset of amnesia. (wikidoc.org)
Dissociative4
- What is dissociative amnesia? (health-cares.net)
- Dissociative amnesia is characterized by a blocking out of critical personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. (health-cares.net)
- Symptoms of dissociative amnesia + purposeful travel beyond the usual everyday range. (wikibooks.org)
- The DSM-IV-TR talks about dissociative amnesia and fugue as part of dissociative disorders as included in the ICD-10 criteria but conversion disorder is a part of Somatoform disorders rather than dissociative disorders in the DSM-IV. (wikibooks.org)
Severe3
- But a severe injury, like a serious blow to the head, can damage the memory-storing areas of the brain and lead to retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- At the second onset, 8 months later, he suffered a sudden and persistent loss of personal identity and severe retrograde amnesia. (nih.gov)
- In severe attacks, a person is completely disoriented and may experience retrograde amnesia that extends back several years. (thefreedictionary.com)
Diagnosing amnesia and its cause1
- In diagnosing amnesia and its cause, doctors look at several factors. (thefreedictionary.com)
Diagnosis1
- Focal Retrograde Amnesia - Memory loss in this type of diagnosis is usually minute and the result of drug use, in most cases. (healthery.com)
Posttraumatic amnesia2
- Posttraumatic amnesia (memory loss of approx. (google.com)
- loss of consciousness and/or posttraumatic amnesia for more than 24 hrs. (studystack.com)
Duration4
- Per Science Direct, however, neurobiologists often classify the severity of retrograde amnesia by its duration. (healthery.com)
- Estimates of the duration of retrograde defects have been very variable. (pnas.org)
- Our original demonstration ( 3 ) that the duration of a retrograde memory deficit might be lifelong without any sparing of the most remote events was criticized on the grounds that our patients were so impaired that we had merely recorded "floor" effects. (pnas.org)
- Therefore, pre-ECS administration of calcium channel blockers might reduce retrograde amnesia produced by ECS without altering seizure duration. (bvsalud.org)
Declarative4
- Individuals with amnesia can learn new information, particularly if the information is non-declarative knowledge. (wikipedia.org)
- While a patient with amnesia might have a loss of declarative memory, this loss might vary in severity as well as the declarative information that it affects, depending on many factors. (wikipedia.org)
- For example, LSJ was a patient that had retrograde declarative memory loss as the result of bilateral medial temporal lobe damage, but she was still able to remember how to perform some declarative skills. (wikipedia.org)
- She even scored higher on skill-related declarative memory than the control in watercolor techniques, a technique that she used in her professional career before she acquired amnesia. (wikipedia.org)
Brain18
- Retrograde amnesia is caused by damage to the memory-storage areas of the brain , in various brain regions. (healthline.com)
- As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a coma brain injury, one would by definition, expect someone who emerges from a coma, to be confused as to his or her whereabouts. (tbilaw.com)
- This is due, in part, to the fact that these brain regions are studied extensively to be the most impacted in cases of retrograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Another cause of retrograde amnesia is anoxia , a deprivation of oxygen to the brain. (florenceinferno.com)
- Furthermore, in two functional neuroimaging experiments brain correlates were compared within and across patients while they attempted to retrieve autobiographical events prior and following the onset of the amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Retrograde amnesia and the volume of critical brain structures. (nihr.ac.uk)
- As indicated by a retention test given 24 hours later, the length of the retrograde amnesia gradients ranged from 5 seconds to 240 minutes, depending on the brain region stimulated and the intensity of the stimulating current. (syr.edu)
- Disrupting this process by treatments interfering with the normal brain functioning was thus supposed to prevent memory formation and to lead to amnesia. (frontiersin.org)
- Retrograde amnesia is caused by trauma that results in brain injury. (wikidoc.org)
- Critical details of the physical changes in the brain that cause retrograde amnesia are still unknown. (wikidoc.org)
- Amnesia is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage or disease, but it can also be caused temporarily by the use of various sedatives and hypnotic drugs. (wikipedia.org)
- The following are different types of amnesia after brain injury. (tbilaw.com)
- The length of amnesia may be a better indicator of the severity of brain injury than the traditional method of classifying based upon the length of loss of consciousness or LOC. (tbilaw.com)
- People who experience amnesia have been instrumental in helping brain researchers determine how the brain processes memory. (thefreedictionary.com)
- This form of amnesia follows brain trauma and is characterized by the inability to remember new information. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Traumatic amnesia is caused by brain damage from a hard blow to the head, such as in a car accident. (health-cares.net)
- Amnesia is a profound memory loss which is usually caused either by physical injury to the brain or by the ingestion of a toxic substance which affects the brain. (health-cares.net)
- Amnesia is only preventable in so far as brain injury can be prevented or minimized. (health-cares.net)
Hippocampal1
- However, I believe retrograde amnesia may cause episodes of deja vu, tricking your hippocampal neurons to replicate a time-dependent event. (thenakedscientists.com)
Gradients4
- Mcgaugh, James L. / Retrograde amnesia gradients : Effects of direct cortical stimulation . (syr.edu)
- These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after training because the effects on memory of an amnestic agent are potentiated by the neuroendocrine response to training. (syr.edu)
- Gold, PE & Reigel, JA 1980, ' Extended retrograde amnesia gradients: Peripheral epinephrine and frontal cortex stimulation ', Physiology and Behavior , vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1101-1106. (syr.edu)
- First, the issues of temporal gradients of retrograde amnesia are discussed. (pnas.org)
Findings3
- In conclusion, these findings strengthen previous data from our laboratory implicating glucocorticoid mechanisms in ECS-induced retrograde amnesia. (nih.gov)
- Based on above findings, in the current study the effect of Crocin in antagonizing retrograde amnesia induced by scopolamine, a cholinergic receptor antagonist, in rats was investigated by using shuttle box apparatus. (jkums.com)
- She had complete anterograde amnesia and slight retrograde amnesia without other neurological findings. (hindawi.com)
Refers2
- Amnesia refers to the loss of memory. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Infantile/childhood amnesia refers to a person's inability to recall events from early childhood. (health-cares.net)
Mild5
- It should not be confused with brief periods of peritraumatic amnesia that are common in mild concussive head traumas. (wikipedia.org)
- At the first onset, the patient suffered a mild/lmoderate injury that accounts for an initial anterograde and mild retrograde memory impairment. (nih.gov)
- Retrograde amnesia (RA), which includes loss of memory for past personal events (autobiographical RA) and for acquired knowledge (semantic RA), has been largely documented in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). (iospress.com)
- Detailed memory testing showed marked anterograde memory impairment, but only mild, temporally-limited retrograde amnesia that covered a period of several years in both autobiographical and factual knowledge domains. (thenakedscientists.com)
- TGA is a self-limited disease characterized by the abrupt onset of complete anterograde and mild retrograde amnesia that resolves within 24 h [ 1 - 3 ]. (hindawi.com)
Symptoms of amnesia2
- The symptoms of amnesia fall into two broad categories of impaired memory function and retained memory function. (alzheimer-europe.org)
- What're the symptoms of amnesia? (health-cares.net)
Person's2
- While certain memory functions are adversely affected, retrograde amnesia does not hinder a person's ability to learn new things - as is the case with anterograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Hysterical (fugue) amnesia is usually triggered by a traumatic event that the person's mind is unable to properly handle. (health-cares.net)
Autobiographical1
- The involvement of this region is consistent with CL's autobiographical retrograde amnesia and his inability to re-experience information concerning the self across time. (nih.gov)
Deficit2
- For this reason, formal (correct technical or scientific) usage demands the term anterograde amnesia, since the deficit is not in short-term memory, but rather in encoding into more permanent, long-term memory. (wikidoc.org)
- Anterograde amnesia is a deficit in learning subsequent to the onset of the disorder. (health-cares.net)
Disorder2
- Retrograde Amnesia is a form of amnesia (a psychological disorder that involves a disruption of memory) where someone is unable to recall past events that occurred before an injury or the onset of the disease, even though they may be able to encode and memorize new things that occur after its onset. (florenceinferno.com)
- also known as Amnestic Disorder ) a person suffering from memory amnesia lost parts or all of his memory. (mental-health-matters.com)
Trauma3
- There are several reasons why an individual might develop retrograde amnesia, of which the most common cause would be head trauma . (florenceinferno.com)
- In some ways, this form of amnesia is the opposite of anterograde amnesia: the victim can recall events that occurred after a trauma, but cannot remember previously familiar information or the events preceding the trauma. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Psychotherapy can be helpful for amnesia caused by emotional trauma. (health-cares.net)
Childhood amnesia1
- Today, childhood amnesia is seen as a part of human development. (health-cares.net)
Rats4
- Recovery from the amnesia is selective-rats recover from amnesia of events that occurred24 hours before injection but do not recover from amnesia of events that occurred 10 seconds before injection. (sciencemag.org)
- As long as one week after training, rats that received a subcutaneous epinephrine injection shortly before electrical stimulation of frontal cortex exhibited amnesia on later retention tests. (syr.edu)
- Considering the therapeutic effect of post-training injection of Crocin on scopolamine retrograde amnesia, it may be concluded that Crocin has an interaction with cholinergic system in formation of passive avoidance memory in male rats. (jkums.com)
- Effect of pre- electroconvulsive shock (ECS) administration of calcium channel blockers (CCBs) like verapamil , diltiazem , nifedipine , nimodipine , flunarizine and cinnarizine on retrograde amnesia induced by ECS was examined using passive avoidance paradigm in rats . (bvsalud.org)
Events13
- Retrograde amnesia ( RA ) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred or information that was learned in the past. (wikipedia.org)
- According to the Mayo Clinic, retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and information that was previously familiar. (reference.com)
- Retrograde amnesia is distinct from anterograde amnesia, which is the decreased ability to remember new events or information after amnesia is diagnosed. (reference.com)
- Retrograde amnesia is the involvement of the memory loss of events, people, places, etc. that were encountered and experienced before the amnesia took its toll on the patient. (differencebetween.net)
- Patients that are newly diagnosed with this condition are characterized as having limited or no recollection of events that happened prior to the onset of retrograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- PTSD - Retrograde amnesia can be caused by traumatic events that incite patients to find a coping mechanism, namely memory loss. (healthery.com)
- Anterograde amnesia is a form of amnesia , or memory loss, in which new events are not transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory . (wikidoc.org)
- Loss of memory for events before the accident is called retrograde amnesia, similar to the use of the term retroactive (something that relates back to a time prior to the event). (tbilaw.com)
- Interestingly, the amnesic attacks mainly consisted of amnesia for retrograde events. (bvsalud.org)
- My interest in retrograde memory loss has been rekindled recently by the evidence of different patterns of preserved and impaired knowledge of events, people, and words acquired before the onset of the amnesic syndrome. (pnas.org)
- Some degree of retrograde amnesia, the loss of memory for events antedating the onset of illness, has been a constant feature though even this "fact" has recently been challenged ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
- Also the person cannot remember events in their past life particularly the period immediately before their amnesia. (alzheimer-europe.org)
- It has been generally accepted that right unilateral ECT is a clinically effective treatment that produces less impairment of new learning capacity and less amnesia for remote events than bilateral ECT (7,13). (healthyplace.com)
Concussion2
- I was dx with a concussion & retrograde amnesia. (medhelp.org)
- See related handouts on concussions at https://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/concussion.html , and on burners at https://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/burners.html . (aafp.org)
Psychological3
- In this study, functional retrograde amnesia is comprehensively investigated across five patients (A.B., C.D., E.F., G.H., and I.J.). Investigation of the patients' histories, neuropsychological and psychological-psychiatric evaluation was carried out. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Concerning the non-amnesic time, however, significant differential activations associated with true relative to fictitious episodes were seen in A.B. and C.D., as well as a non-significant trend in the same direction in patient E.F. The discussion concentrates on probable organic and psychological mechanisms contributing to the onset and maintenance of the amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Psychological exams may be ordered to determine the extent of amnesia and the memory system affected. (thefreedictionary.com)
Medial2
- Case studies also show that amnesia is typically associated with damage to the medial temporal lobe. (wikipedia.org)
- The loss of semantic information in amnesia is most closely related with damage to the medial temporal lobe or to the neocortex. (wikipedia.org)
Infantile3
- What is infantile amnesia? (health-cares.net)
- Infantile amnesia could be linked to language development. (health-cares.net)
- Infantile amnesia occurs when a person cannot remember their earliest childhood. (health-cares.net)
Temporary3
- Depending on the level of damage, the amnesia could be temporary or permanent. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia ranges in severity and can also be temporary or permanent. (healthery.com)
- Traveler's amnesia" is a temporary form of anterograde amnesia in which victims may, for instance, realize they have changed planes during a memory gap or discover that they rented a car. (wikidoc.org)
Difficulty3
- Although it may seem that people with Retrograde Amnesia have great difficulty continuing their usual life , many of them are able to lead a normal life. (florenceinferno.com)
- Some people who suffer from amnesia show abnormal amounts of memory loss, confusion, and difficulty recalling other people or places. (wikipedia.org)
- People with amnesia have difficulty learning new information, and they have difficulty recalling previously learned information. (health-cares.net)
Case6
- We report the case of a 42-year-old man (patient CL) who developed a particular profile of amnesia with two dates of onset. (nih.gov)
- How to diagnose a case of Amnesia? (planetayurveda.com)
- One famous retrograde case is Doug Bruce , the subject of the film Unknown White Male who said he "awakened" one day on the subway in New York and didn't know who he was. (slate.com)
- Aside from a case of retrograde amnesia, everything seems almost. (audible.com)
- Though HM is generally considered the "gold standard" of amnesia patients - "he was the first case and studied so elegantly," said Squire - EP provides new and surprising twists in understanding how memory functions and fails. (ucsd.edu)
- Here we report the case of a 58-year-old woman who presented with isolated amnesia and headache. (hindawi.com)
Disruption1
- We recently proposed that retrograde amnesia does not result from a disruption of the consolidation/reconsolidation processes but rather to the integration of the internal state induced by the amnesic treatment within the initial memory. (frontiersin.org)