Amnesia: Pathologic partial or complete loss of the ability to recall past experiences (AMNESIA, RETROGRADE) or to form new memories (AMNESIA, ANTEROGRADE). This condition may be of organic or psychologic origin. Organic forms of amnesia are usually associated with dysfunction of the DIENCEPHALON or HIPPOCAMPUS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-7)Amnesia, Retrograde: Loss of the ability to recall information that had been previously encoded in memory prior to a specified or approximate point in time. This process may be organic or psychogenic in origin. Organic forms may be associated with CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS; SEIZURES; DEMENTIA; and a wide variety of other conditions that impair cerebral function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp426-9)Amnesia, Anterograde: Loss of the ability to form new memories beyond a certain point in time. This condition may be organic or psychogenic in origin. Organically induced anterograde amnesia may follow CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SEIZURES; ANOXIA; and other conditions which adversely affect neural structures associated with memory formation (e.g., the HIPPOCAMPUS; FORNIX (BRAIN); MAMMILLARY BODIES; and ANTERIOR THALAMIC NUCLEI). (From Memory 1997 Jan-Mar;5(1-2):49-71)Amnesia, Transient Global: A syndrome characterized by a transient loss of the ability to form new memories. It primarily occurs in middle aged or elderly individuals, and episodes may last from minutes to hours. During the period of amnesia, immediate and recent memory abilities are impaired, but the level of consciousness and ability to perform other intellectual tasks are preserved. The condition is related to bilateral dysfunction of the medial portions of each TEMPORAL LOBE. Complete recovery normally occurs, and recurrences are unusual. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp429-30)Korsakoff Syndrome: An acquired cognitive disorder characterized by inattentiveness and the inability to form short term memories. This disorder is frequently associated with chronic ALCOHOLISM; but it may also result from dietary deficiencies; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; NEOPLASMS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; ENCEPHALITIS; EPILEPSY; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)Memory: Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory.Alcohol Amnestic Disorder: A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139)Retention (Psychology): The persistence to perform a learned behavior (facts or experiences) after an interval has elapsed in which there has been no performance or practice of the behavior.Mental Recall: The process whereby a representation of past experience is elicited.Avoidance Learning: A response to a cue that is instrumental in avoiding a noxious experience.Pyrithiamine: A thiamine antagonist due to its inhibition of thiamine pyrophosphorylation. It is used to produce thiamine deficiency.Diencephalon: The paired caudal parts of the PROSENCEPHALON from which the THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; EPITHALAMUS; and SUBTHALAMUS are derived.Scopolamine Hydrobromide: An alkaloid from SOLANACEAE, especially DATURA and SCOPOLIA. Scopolamine and its quaternary derivatives act as antimuscarinics like ATROPINE, but may have more central nervous system effects. Among the many uses are as an anesthetic premedication, in URINARY INCONTINENCE, in MOTION SICKNESS, as an antispasmodic, and as a mydriatic and cycloplegic.Neuropsychological Tests: Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.Confusion: A mental state characterized by bewilderment, emotional disturbance, lack of clear thinking, and perceptual disorientation.Unconsciousness: Loss of the ability to maintain awareness of self and environment combined with markedly reduced responsiveness to environmental stimuli. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp344-5)Temporal Lobe: Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere responsible for auditory, olfactory, and semantic processing. It is located inferior to the lateral fissure and anterior to the OCCIPITAL LOBE.Autobiography as Topic: The life of a person written by himself or herself. (Harrod's Librarians' Glossary, 7th ed)Hippocampus: A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation.Thalamic Diseases: Disorders of the centrally located thalamus, which integrates a wide range of cortical and subcortical information. Manifestations include sensory loss, MOVEMENT DISORDERS; ATAXIA, pain syndromes, visual disorders, a variety of neuropsychological conditions, and COMA. Relatively common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; BRAIN NEOPLASMS; BRAIN HYPOXIA; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; and infectious processes.Memory Disorders: Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.Craniocerebral Trauma: Traumatic injuries involving the cranium and intracranial structures (i.e., BRAIN; CRANIAL NERVES; MENINGES; and other structures). Injuries may be classified by whether or not the skull is penetrated (i.e., penetrating vs. nonpenetrating) or whether there is an associated hemorrhage.Learning: Relatively permanent change in behavior that is the result of past experience or practice. The concept includes the acquisition of knowledge.Anisomycin: An antibiotic isolated from various Streptomyces species. It interferes with protein and DNA synthesis by inhibiting peptidyl transferase or the 80S ribosome system.Paired-Associate Learning: Learning in which the subject must respond with one word or syllable when presented with another word or syllable.Mamillary Bodies: A pair of nuclei and associated gray matter in the interpeduncular space rostral to the posterior perforated substance in the posterior hypothalamus.Thiamine Deficiency: A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of THIAMINE in the diet, characterized by anorexia, irritability, and weight loss. Later, patients experience weakness, peripheral neuropathy, headache, and tachycardia. In addition to being caused by a poor diet, thiamine deficiency in the United States most commonly occurs as a result of alcoholism, since ethanol interferes with thiamine absorption. In countries relying on polished rice as a dietary staple, BERIBERI prevalence is very high. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1171)Preanesthetic Medication: Drugs administered before an anesthetic to decrease a patient's anxiety and control the effects of that anesthetic.Recognition (Psychology): The knowledge or perception that someone or something present has been previously encountered.Verbal Learning: Learning to respond verbally to a verbal stimulus cue.Anterior Thalamic Nuclei: Three nuclei located beneath the dorsal surface of the most rostral part of the thalamus. The group includes the anterodorsal nucleus, anteromedial nucleus, and anteroventral nucleus. All receive connections from the MAMILLARY BODY and BRAIN FORNIX, and project fibers to the CINGULATE BODY.Multiple Personality Disorder: A dissociative disorder in which the individual adopts two or more distinct personalities. Each personality is a fully integrated and complex unit with memories, behavior patterns and social friendships. Transition from one personality to another is sudden.Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Brain Damage, Chronic: A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.Limbic Encephalitis: A paraneoplastic syndrome marked by degeneration of neurons in the LIMBIC SYSTEM. Clinical features include HALLUCINATIONS, loss of EPISODIC MEMORY; ANOSMIA; AGEUSIA; TEMPORAL LOBE EPILEPSY; DEMENTIA; and affective disturbance (depression). Circulating anti-neuronal antibodies (e.g., anti-Hu; anti-Yo; anti-Ri; and anti-Ma2) and small cell lung carcinomas or testicular carcinoma are frequently associated with this syndrome.Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System: Degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting the central or peripheral nervous system that develop in association with a systemic neoplasm without direct invasion by tumor. They may be associated with circulating antibodies that react with the affected neural tissue. (Intern Med 1996 Dec;35(12):925-9)Amblyopia: A nonspecific term referring to impaired vision. Major subcategories include stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia and toxic amblyopia. Stimulus deprivation-induced amblyopia is a developmental disorder of the visual cortex. A discrepancy between visual information received by the visual cortex from each eye results in abnormal cortical development. STRABISMUS and REFRACTIVE ERRORS may cause this condition. Toxic amblyopia is a disorder of the OPTIC NERVE which is associated with ALCOHOLISM, tobacco SMOKING, and other toxins and as an adverse effect of the use of some medications.Hallucinations: Subjectively experienced sensations in the absence of an appropriate stimulus, but which are regarded by the individual as real. They may be of organic origin or associated with MENTAL DISORDERS.Dental Care for Chronically Ill: Dental care for patients with chronic diseases. These diseases include chronic cardiovascular, endocrinologic, hematologic, immunologic, neoplastic, and renal diseases. The concept does not include dental care for the mentally or physically disabled which is DENTAL CARE FOR DISABLED.Periodontal Diseases: Pathological processes involving the PERIODONTIUM including the gum (GINGIVA), the alveolar bone (ALVEOLAR PROCESS), the DENTAL CEMENTUM, and the PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT.Evoked Potentials, Visual: The electric response evoked in the cerebral cortex by visual stimulation or stimulation of the visual pathways.Fear: The affective response to an actual current external danger which subsides with the elimination of the threatening condition.Medicine, Ayurvedic: The traditional Hindu system of medicine which is based on customs, beliefs, and practices of the Hindu culture. Ayurveda means "the science of Life": veda - science, ayur - life.Withania: A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain withanolides. Withania somnifera is the source of ashwagandha and aswal.Planets: Celestial bodies orbiting around the sun or other stars.Herbal Medicine: The study of medicines derived from botanical sources.Privacy: The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)Confidentiality: The privacy of information and its protection against unauthorized disclosure.Computer Security: Protective measures against unauthorized access to or interference with computer operating systems, telecommunications, or data structures, especially the modification, deletion, destruction, or release of data in computers. It includes methods of forestalling interference by computer viruses or so-called computer hackers aiming to compromise stored data.Periodicals as Topic: A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.Journal Impact Factor: A quantitative measure of the frequency on average with which articles in a journal have been cited in a given period of time.Informed Consent: Voluntary authorization, by a patient or research subject, with full comprehension of the risks involved, for diagnostic or investigative procedures, and for medical and surgical treatment.Publishing: "The business or profession of the commercial production and issuance of literature" (Webster's 3d). It includes the publisher, publication processes, editing and editors. Production may be by conventional printing methods or by electronic publishing.
Recovery from anterograde and retrograde amnesia after percutaneous drainage of a cystic craniopharyngioma. (1/84)
A case is reported of a cystic craniopharyngioma involving the floor and walls of the third ventricle. Pronounced anterograde and retrograde amnesia were documented preoperatively by formal testing. Rapid improvement in both new learning capacity and remote memory occurred after percutaneous twist drill drainage of the cystic portion of the tumour. The relevance of these observations to the amnesic syndrome and its neuropathological basis is discussed. (+info)Naloxone in the prevention of the adverse cognitive effects of ECT: a within-subject, placebo controlled study. (2/84)
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a highly effective treatment for major depression, but is also associated with characteristic cognitive side effects. Several reports document that endogenous opioids and their receptors are activated by electroconvulsive shock (ECS) and that naloxone in doses sufficient to block endogenous opioid receptors may reverse ECS-induced retrograde amnesia. This placebo-controlled, randomized, within-patient study was conducted to examine the potential of naloxone, given in doses sufficient to block opioid receptors (high dose), to ameliorate acute anterograde and retrograde memory impairments following ECT. Compared to placebo and low dose naloxone, high dose naloxone administered immediately before ECT resulted in significant reductions in anterograde amnesia, and better performance on an attention task. Both low and high dose naloxone improved verbal fluency. There were no beneficial effects of high dose naloxone on retrograde amnesia, and an indication that high dose naloxone may have worsened retrograde amnesia for shape stimuli. There were no effects of high dose naloxone on seizure duration, vital signs, and subjective side effects. The study is consistent with prior research in which change in behavioral and physiological measures was produced principally by naloxone doses sufficient to block endogenous opioid receptors and offers evidence of the potential for ameliorating some adverse cognitive effects associated with ECT. (+info)Anterograde and retrograde amnesia after lesions to frontal cortex in rats. (3/84)
A socially acquired food-preference test was used to assess effects of lesions to the frontal cortex on anterograde and retrograde memory in rats. In Experiment 1, there was no effect of lesion when rats were administered a two-choice test in which the target food was to be selected in the presence of a single distractor. In Experiment 2, a three-choice memory test was administered in which the target food was presented along with two equally palatable alternatives. In the latter test, lesioned groups displayed anterograde amnesia that increased with the length of the interval between postoperative acquisition and test, and a severe retrograde amnesia that extended equally over the entire range of intervals between preoperative acquisition and test. This outcome, which contrasted with the pattern of memory loss previously observed in rats with hippocampal lesions on this test, was interpreted as evidence for the strategic role of the frontal lobes in directing response selection and retrieval processes in memory. (+info)Reactivation-dependent changes in memory states in the terrestrial slug Limax flavus. (4/84)
The change in memory state in the terrestrial slug Limax flavus was studied using cooling-induced retrograde amnesia. Slugs were first conditioned to avoid carrot odor and then a second conditioning procedure was applied 1, 3, 6, or 7 days after the first conditioning trial. Cooling the slugs to approximately 1 degrees C on day 7 immediately after the presentation of the odor used in the conditioning resulted in retrograde amnesia in the slugs that were subject to a second conditioning on day 6 or 7, but not in slugs that were subject to a second conditioning on day 1 or 3. Next, second-order conditioning was used as the second conditioning procedure to distinguish the memory acquired in the first conditioning from that acquired in the second conditioning and similar results were obtained. These results suggest that the reactivation of memory altered the memory state from a cooling-insensitive state to a cooling-sensitive one. A possible model for memory states is discussed. (+info)Computer-assisted behavioral assessment of Pavlovian fear conditioning in mice. (5/84)
In Pavlovian fear conditioning, a conditional stimulus (CS, usually a tone) is paired with an aversive unconditional stimulus (US, usually a foot shock) in a novel context. After even a single pairing, the animal comes to exhibit a long-lasting fear to the CS and the conditioning context, which can be measured as freezing, an adaptive defense reaction in mice. Both context and tone conditioning depend on the integrity of the amygdala, and context conditioning further depends on the hippocampus. The reliability and efficiency of the fear conditioning assay makes it an excellent candidate for the screening of learning and memory deficits in mutant mice. One obstacle is that freezing in mice has been accurately quantified only by human observers, using a tedious method that can be subject to bias. In the present study we generated a simple, high-speed, and highly accurate algorithm that scores freezing of four mice simultaneously using NIH Image on an ordinary Macintosh computer. The algorithm yielded a high correlation and excellent linear fit between computer and human scores across a broad range of conditions. This included the ability to score low pretraining baseline scores and accurately mimic the effects of two independent variables (shock intensity and test modality) on fear. Because we used a computer and digital video, we were able to acquire a secondary index of fear, activity suppression, as well as baseline activity scores. Moreover, we measured the unconditional response to shock. These additional measures can enhance the sensitivity of the assay to detect interesting memory phenotypes and control for possible confounds. Thus, this computer-assisted system for measuring behavior during fear conditioning allows for the standardized and carefully controlled assessment of multiple aspects of the fear conditioning experience. (+info)Profound amnesia after damage to the medial temporal lobe: A neuroanatomical and neuropsychological profile of patient E. P. (6/84)
E. P. became profoundly amnesic in 1992 after viral encephalitis, which damaged his medial temporal lobe bilaterally. Because of the rarity of such patients, we have performed a detailed neuroanatomical analysis of E. P.'s lesion using magnetic resonance imaging, and we have assessed his cognitive abilities with a wide range of neuropsychological tests. Finally, we have compared and contrasted the findings for E. P. with the noted amnesic patient H.M, whose surgical lesion is strikingly similar to E. P.'s lesion. (+info)Phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein as a molecular marker of memory processing in rat hippocampus: effect of novelty. (7/84)
From mollusks to mammals the activation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) appears to be an important step in the formation of long-term memory (LTM). Here we show that a 5 min exposure to a novel environment (open field) 1 hr after acquisition of a one-trial inhibitory avoidance training hinders both the formation of LTM for the avoidance task and the increase in the phosphorylation state of hippocampal Ser 133 CREB [phosphorylated CREB (pCREB)] associated with the avoidance training. To determine whether this LTM deficit is attributable to the reduced pCREB level, rats were bilaterally cannulated to deliver Sp-adenosine 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphothioate (Sp-cAMPS), an activator of PKA. Infusion of Sp-Adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphothioate Sp-cAMPS to CA1 region increased hippocampal pCREB levels and restored normal LTM of avoidance learning in rats exposed to novelty. Moreover, a 5 min exposure to the open field 10 min before the avoidance training interferes with the amnesic effect of a second 5 min exposure to the open field 1 hr after avoidance training and restores the hippocampal levels of pCREB. In contrast, the avoidance training-associated activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (p42 and p44 mitogen-activated protein kinases) in the hippocampus is not altered by novelty. Together, these findings suggest that novelty regulates LTM formation by modulating the phosphorylation state of CREB in the hippocampus. (+info)Retrograde amnesia for spatial memory induced by NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation. (8/84)
If information is stored as distributed patterns of synaptic weights in the hippocampal formation, retention should be vulnerable to electrically induced long-term potentiation (LTP) of hippocampal synapses after learning. This prediction was tested by training animals in a spatial water maze task and then delivering bursts of high-frequency (HF) or control stimulation to the perforant path in the angular bundle. High-frequency stimulation induced LTP in the dentate gyrus and probably also at other hippocampal termination sites. Retention in a later probe test was disrupted. When the competitive NMDA receptor antagonist 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP) was administered before the high-frequency stimulation, water maze retention was unimpaired. CPP administration blocked the induction of LTP. Thus, high-frequency stimulation of hippocampal afferents disrupts memory retention only when it induces a change in the spatial pattern of synaptic weights. The NMDA receptor dependency of this retrograde amnesia is consistent with the synaptic plasticity and memory hypothesis. (+info)Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while ... Focal retrograde amnesia[edit]. Retrograde amnesia is typically the result of physical or psychological trauma which manifests ... Amnesia[edit]. Amnesia which is the damage or disruption of memory processes, has been a very popular subject in movies since ... He maintains his identity and shows very little retrograde amnesia. He also displays some of the daily memory problems that are ...
Retrograde amnesia. Hippocampus, 11(1): 50-55. Squire, L. R., Slater, P. C., and Chance, P. (1975). Retrograde amnesia temporal ... Ribot's law of retrograde amnesia was hypothesized in 1881 by Théodule Ribot. It states that there is a time gradient in ... Not all patients suffering from retrograde amnesia report the symptoms of Ribot's law. Ribot's Law was first postulated by the ... For example, hippocampal lesion experiments with mouse models have shown retrograde amnesia for approximately one week prior to ...
Markowitsch, H.J. (1996). "Organic and psychogenic retrograde amnesia: two sides of the same coin?". Neurocase. 2 (4): 357-371 ... Markowitsch, H.J. (2002). "Functional retrograde amnesia-mnestic block syndrome". Cortex. 38 (4): 651-654. doi:10.1016/S0010- ... Psychogenic amnesia is generally found in cases where there is a profound and surprising forgetting of chunks of one's personal ... When the person recovers they are able to remember their personal history, but they have amnesia for the events that took place ...
"Marli Van Breda discharged, suffers retrograde amnesia". EWN. 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2016-06-15. "Henri van Breda suspected of ... however she has since been diagnosed with retrograde amnesia and has no recollection of what took place on the evening of the ...
Engram cells retain memory under retrograde amnesia. Science 29 May 2015 (Vol. 348 Issue. 6238 p. 1007-1013 ) DOI: 10.1126/ ...
Squire and Alvarez took the temporally graded nature of patients with retrograde amnesia as support for the notion that once a ... Molaison also showed signs of retrograde amnesia spanning a period of about 3 years prior to the surgery suggesting that ... Nadel, L.; Moscovitch, M. (1997). "Memory consolidation, retrograde amnesia and the hippocampal complex". Current Opinion in ... Squire, L. R.; Alvarez, P. (1995). "Retrograde amnesia and memory consolidation: A neurobiological perspective". Current ...
There are occasional long-term effects, like retrograde amnesia. Ingestion of water hemlock in any quantity can result in death ...
Sehm, Bernhard; Frisch S; Thone-Otto A; Horstmann A; Villringer A (2011). "Focal Retrograde Amnesia: Voxel-Based Morphometry ... Amnesia is a deficit in memory caused by brain damage, disease, or physiological trauma. Amnesia is best understood via Henry ... Alzheimer's Disease Amnesia Out-of-Body Experiences Theory of Mind Morality Abu-Akel, A; Shamay-Tsoory, S (September 2011). " ... Studies have also revealed that certain types of epileptic amnesia could be attributed to TPJ. fMRI studies indicated that ...
Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while ... Retrograde amnesia is typically the result of physical or psychological trauma which manifests itself as the inability to ... He maintains his identity and shows very little retrograde amnesia. He also displays some of the daily memory problems that are ... However, this evidence only appears to correlate with the symptoms of retrograde amnesia as cases have been observed where ...
... who suffered dense retrograde amnesia leaving her unable to recall any events that occurred prior to the development of amnesia ... A case study of retrograde amnesia. Brain and Cognition, 8,3-20 Klein, S. B., & Loftus, J. (1993). The mental representation of ... However, her memory for general facts about her life during the period of amnesia remained intact. This suggests that a ... Evidence also exists that shows how patients with severe amnesia can have accurate and detailed semantic knowledge of what they ...
Winocur, G.; Moscovitch, M.; Caruana, D. A.; Binns, M. A. (2005). "Retrograde amnesia in rats with lesions to the hippocampus ... Martin, S. J.; de Hozl, L.; Morris, R. G. M. (2005). "Retrograde amnesia: neither partial nor complete hippocampal lesions in ... In addition, rats with hippocampal lesions were shown to have temporally ungraded (time-independent) retrograde amnesia that is ... Parietal cortex lesions are also known to produce temporally ungraded retrograde amnesia. The dorsalcaudal medial entorhinal ...
... retrograde amnesia). Although the retrograde effect normally extends many years back before the brain damage, in some cases ... Transient global amnesia[edit]. Transient global amnesia is a dramatic, sudden, temporary, near-total loss of short-term memory ... "Retrograde amnesia after hippocampal damage: recent vs. remote memories in two tasks". Hippocampus. 11 (1): 27-42. PMID ... The unexpected outcome of the surgery was severe anterograde and partial retrograde amnesia; Molaison was unable to form new ...
"Episodic memory and the self in a case of isolated retrograde amnesia". Brain : a journal of neurology. 121. ( Pt 10) (10): ...
Mike, though alive, no longer worried Orson as he had retrograde amnesia. Unfortunately for them, Carolyn returned. They ...
Linden, E. R.; Bern, D.; Fishbein, W. (1974). "Retrograde amnesia: prolonging the fixation phase of memory consolidation by ... thus increasing the susceptibility of the brain to other neurochemical agents that can cause amnesia. Further research has ...
Susan slips on spilt milk and hits her head, resulting in retrograde amnesia. She fails to remember Karl or her children, ... amnesia, multiple sclerosis, frequent questionable haircuts), but she gets by thanks to her family. She's so devoted, in fact, ...
Julia is rushed to hospital where she is diagnosed with having retrograde amnesia. Visiting her bedside, Sean tells her that he ...
After the accident Alexis suffered from retrograde amnesia, but has since remembered everything. Upon Bradford's death, she and ...
As mentioned previously, the amnesic symptoms of WKS include both retrograde and anterograde amnesia. The retrograde deficit ... anterograde amnesia Variable presentation of retrograde amnesia One of: Aphasia Apraxia Agnosia A deficit in executive ... The retrograde amnesia that accompanies WKS can extend as far back as twenty to thirty years, and there is generally a temporal ... and Korsakoff's psychosis with anterograde and retrograde amnesia and confabulation upon relevant lines of questioning.[ ...
Many of the substances below are known to cause anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia. In general, GABA does not cross the ...
Having developed retrograde amnesia, she starts working at a fat camp in North Carolina. While in a diner, she meets a new ...
Specifically retrograde amnesia, where there is an inability to recall past memories, may be seen as the hippocampus ... If there was HPC damage and the rats experienced 11 sessions worth of shocks in one session, retrograde amnesia resulted. ... These results suggest that damage to the hippocampus causes retrograde, but not anterograde amnesia. In this study specifically ... Studying between-systems interference could potentially provide further insight to understanding and treating amnesia. ...
Cochrane suffered from both anterograde amnesia and temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Both forms of amnesia are ... As far as his temporally graded retrograde amnesia is concerned, he was considered an anomaly; in other words, his ability to ... as well as temporally graded retrograde amnesia. Like other amnesic patients (patient HM, for example), Cochrane had his ... Eichenbaum, Howard; Cohen, Neal J. (1993). Memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal system. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0- ...
Cantu RC (2001). "Posttraumatic Retrograde and Anterograde Amnesia: Pathophysiology and Implications in Grading and Safe Return ... Several of the systems use loss of consciousness and amnesia as the primary determinants of the severity of the concussion. The ... grade II includes confusion and post-traumatic amnesia, and grade III and IV involve a loss of consciousness. By these ...
Psychogenic amnesia is another controversial diagnosis of retrograde amnesia without physical injury to the brain. The four ... As a disorder or in more severe cases this may be described as amnesia. Forgetting functions (amount remembered as a function ... Examples include Alzheimer's, amnesia, dementia, consolidation theory and the gradual slowing down of the central nervous ... Forgetting can mean access problems, availability problems, or can have other reasons such as amnesia caused by an accident. An ...
... he temporarily suffered total retrograde amnesia, even after surgery was performed to remove the tumor.[4] However, with time, ...
The diagnosis was however uncertain and was only based on the fact that the patient had a retrograde amnesia for events ... in this case typically only produces partial anterograde amnesia and more importantly does not cause any retrograde amnesia.8 ... preservation of consciousness and retrograde amnesia of the whole event.5 This diagnosis was further confirmed by a brain MRI ... 2004) Detection of delayed focal MR changes in the lateral hippocampus in transient global amnesia. Neurology 62:2165-70. ...
Psychogenic amnesia, or dissociative amnesia, is a memory disorder characterized by sudden retrograde autobiographical memory ... Amnesia Anterograde amnesia Dissociative amnesia Jab Tak Hai Jaan - Bollywood Movie showing RA briefly on a person Samantha Who ... Retrograde amnesia can be one of the many consequences of brain injury but it is important to note that it is not always the ... Retrograde amnesia (RA) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was learned, before an injury ...
People with retrograde amnesia have trouble accessing memories from before the onset of amnesia. Well tell you what you need ... Focal retrograde amnesia. Focal retrograde amnesia, also known as isolated or pure retrograde amnesia, is when someone only ... Retrograde amnesia affects memories that were formed before the onset of amnesia. Someone who develops retrograde amnesia after ... What conditions cause retrograde amnesia?. Retrograde amnesia can result from damage to different parts of the brain ...
... retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and information that was previously ... Retrograde amnesia is distinct from anterograde amnesia, which is the decreased ability to remember new events or information ... which is referred to as post-traumatic amnesia. Those with retrograde amnesia find the oldest memories the most difficult to ... According to the Mayo Clinic, retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and ...
Mifepristone, a glucocorticoid and progesterone receptor antagonist, has been shown to attenuate retrograde amnesia induced by ... Administration of a selective glucocorticoid antagonist attenuates electroconvulsive shock-induced retrograde amnesia.. Andrade ... findings strengthen previous data from our laboratory implicating glucocorticoid mechanisms in ECS-induced retrograde amnesia. ...
I was dx with a concussion & retrograde amnesia. I had severe neck and back pain as well. I was hospitalized for 2 days. Now, ... Communities>Head & Traumatic Brain Injury>Concussion with Retrograde Amnesia not doing well ...
Retrograde Amnesia Produced by Hippocampal Spreading Depression Message Subject. (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you from ...
Selective Recovery from Retrograde Amnesia Produced by Hippocampal Spreading Depression Message Subject. (Your Name) has ... Recovery from the amnesia is selective-rats recover from amnesia of events that occurred24 hours before injection but do not ... potassium chloride into the hippocampus after learning produce temporary disruption of neural activity and retrograde amnesia. ...
These data demonstrate that retrograde amnesia is common post-VGKC-LE and is a clinically relevant feature of the syndrome. ... We assessed 14 VGKC-LE patients and 14 age-matched controls were assessed on a detailed measure of retrograde episodic memory ( ... Recent work demonstrates many patients suffer from persisting anterograde amnesia following the resolution of VGKC-LE. However ... no detailed assessment of retrograde memory, episodic or otherwise, has yet been undertaken. ...
Zach Part Two As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a coma brain injury, one would ... Zach Suffers Retrograde Amnesia from TBI after Accident. With your retrograde amnesia from TBI the next thing you remember ... Retrograde Amnesia from TBI: Zach Part Two As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a ... Retrograde Amnesia from TBI: Confused Whereabouts. TBI VoicesRetrograde Amnesia from TBI: Confused Whereabouts ...
Retrograde amnesia is defined as the memory loss of the most recent events after an accident or illness. Learn the causes, ... What is Retrograde Amnesia?. Retrograde amnesia (RA) refers to the loss of recent memories due to a traumatic injury or illness ... An Overview of Retrograde Amnesia. Retrograde amnesia ranges in severity and can also be temporary or permanent. The loss of ... Prevention of Retrograde Amnesia. Since a large majority of retrograde amnesia cases are the result of a traumatic brain injury ...
Focal retrograde amnesia (FRA), sometimes known as functional amnesia, refers to the presence of retrograde amnesia while ... Focal retrograde amnesia[edit]. Retrograde amnesia is typically the result of physical or psychological trauma which manifests ... Amnesia[edit]. Amnesia which is the damage or disruption of memory processes, has been a very popular subject in movies since ... He maintains his identity and shows very little retrograde amnesia. He also displays some of the daily memory problems that are ...
Discover more about the retrograde amnesia, the disease showed by Robert Langdon, the main character of Don Browns novel ... Causes of the amnesia. There are several reasons why an individual might develop retrograde amnesia, of which the most common ... Retrograde Amnesia is a form of amnesia (a psychological disorder that involves a disruption of memory) where someone is unable ... Retrograde Amnesia is the disease diagnosed to Robert Langdon, the main character in Dan Browns Inferno, by the doctors when ...
However, the probability of developing clinically definite Page 334 пCHAPTER 14 Selected Systemic Conditions With Neuro-Ophthalmic Signs. Visual hallucinations change from propranolol. 3. Effects of Abnormal Visual Experience on the Retinogeniculocortical Pathway Abnormal visual experience can powerfully affect retinogeniculocortical development.
Functional retrograde amnesia refers to a loss of remote memories in the absence of structural brain damage. In this study, ... Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia, Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University.. E. Fujiwara, Brain and ... Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia. Fujiwara E (2004) Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University. ... Fujiwara E. Brain and behaviour in functional retrograde amnesia. Bielefeld (Germany): Bielefeld University; 2004. ...
What Is Retrograde Amnesia?. * Q: What Are the Symptoms of Cervical Cancer?. ...
Retrograde amnesia. Retrograde amnesia is the other amnesia noted in the head injury literature. It is the condition where the ... The Westmead PTA Scale was developed using a set of 9 cards in an attempt to measure post-traumatic amnesia in a standard ... This criterion was established to avoid the common occurrence of an island of memory in post-traumatic amnesia. Thus, the ... The Westmead PTA Scale does not attempt to measure this type of amnesia. ...
Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation. Together they form a unique fingerprint. * Retrograde ... Retrograde amnesia gradients : Effects of direct cortical stimulation. / Gold, Paul E.; Macri, John; Mcgaugh, James L. ... Gold, P. E., Macri, J., & Mcgaugh, J. L. (1973). Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation. Science ... Gold, PE, Macri, J & Mcgaugh, JL 1973, Retrograde amnesia gradients: Effects of direct cortical stimulation, Science, vol. ...
These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ... These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after ...
Lesions made 1 d after intense training produced robust retrograde amnesia for context fear. Anterograde amnesia was not ... Lesions of the rodent hippocampus produce robust retrograde amnesia for context fear. As in humans, the amnesia is temporally ... As expected, lesioned animals showed severe retrograde amnesia for context fear (F(1,32) = 37.2; p , 0.05) (Fig. 7). These same ... Anagnostaras SG, Maren S, Fanselow MS (1999) Temporally graded retrograde amnesia of contextual fear after hippocampal damage ...
Retrograde Amnesia. Retrograde amnesia is a form of amnesia where someone will be unable to recall events that occurred before ... Temporal Classification of Amnesia. Anterograde Amnesia. Anterograde amnesia is a form of amnesia, or memory loss, in which new ... Critical details of the physical changes in the brain that cause retrograde amnesia are still unknown. Retrograde amnesia is ... Both retrograde amnesia and anterograde amnesia can occur together in the same patient, and commonly result from damage to the ...
Medhya Churna for ayurvedic treatment of amnesia (memory loss). Our these remedies boosts memory naturally. ... Types of Amnesia. Amnesia may be retrograde or anterograde depending upon the patient symptoms and the kind of memory loss ... Ayurvedic Treatment of Amnesia. About Amnesia. Amnesia in simple words is a loss of memory to a variable degree. It may be a ... 1. Retrograde amnesia. It is a condition in which the patient is not able to recall past events beyond a particular date. ...
Effect of Stimulus Intensity and Number of Treatments on ECS-Related Seizure Duration and Retrograde Amnesia in Rats. Andrade, ... Evaluation of Pre-ECS Antihypertensive Drug Administration in the Attenuation of ECS-Induced Retrograde Amnesia.. Kamath, S.; ... Attenuation of ECS-Induced Retrograde Amnesia by Using an Herbal Formulation.. Vinekar, Anand S.; Andrade, Chittaranjan; ... Effects of Stimulus Parameters on Seizure Duration and ECS-Induced Retrograde Amnesia. Andrade, Chittaranjan; Suresh, Sudha; ...
It can be retrograde or anterograde. amnesia. E2. Ifeoma Ifill. ...
TemporallyForm of amnesiaEpisodicKnown as retrograde amnesiaTypes of retrograde amnesiaStudies of Retrograde AmnesiaAnterograde and retrograde amnesiaHippocampusLesionsPsychogenic amnesiaOnset of amnesiaChildhood amnesiaPsychologicalDiagnosing amnesia and its causeDiagnosisBrainGradientsTraumaticInfantileHystericalConcussionDissociative AmnesiaPosttraumaticSymptoms of amnesiaDisorderPerson'sAutobiographicalMemory lossAmnesicsDeficitsEpisodesFocalOccursDurationInjectionConfusionDifficultyLossTypeNeurologicalTemporary or permanentRibot'sDeclarativeEvents
- In temporally graded retrograde amnesia, victims eventually recover most memories following the onset of RA. (wikipedia.org)
- Retrograde amnesia is usually temporally graded, which means that your most recent memories are affected first and your oldest memories are usually spared. (healthline.com)
- Temporally graded retrograde amnesia - As the name suggests, the memory loss is temporary and patients are usually able to recall past events. (healthery.com)
- This form of amnesia is often temporally graded, meaning that subjects are more likely to lose recent memories , those closer to the traumatic incident, than more remote ones. (florenceinferno.com)
- The most definite evidence for organic factors could be gathered in patient E.F. who exhibited hypometabolism of brain glucose in resting state PET, temporally graded retrograde amnesia without additional psychiatric background, stress, or obvious secondary gain. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Retrograde amnesia is often temporally graded, meaning that remote memories are more easily accessible than events occurring just prior to the trauma ( Ribot's Law ). (wikidoc.org)
- Ribot's law states that following a disruptive event, patients will show a temporally graded retrograde amnesia that preferentially spares more distant memories. (wikipedia.org)
- Many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, are also associated with a temporally graded retrograde amnesia, indicating that older memories are somehow strengthened against degeneration while newer memories are not. (wikipedia.org)
- Detailed memory testing showed marked anterograde memory impairment, but only mild, temporally-limited retrograde amnesia that covered a period of several years in both autobiographical and factual knowledge domains. (thenakedscientists.com)
- Anterograde, temporally-graded retrograde 2.2. (coursehero.com)
- This could be described as a psychogenic form of amnesia with mild anterograde and retrograde loss. (wikipedia.org)
- Retrograde Amnesia is a form of amnesia (a psychological disorder that involves a disruption of memory) where someone is unable to recall past events that occurred before an injury or the onset of the disease, even though they may be able to encode and memorize new things that occur after its onset. (florenceinferno.com)
- Anterograde amnesia is a form of amnesia , or memory loss, in which new events are not transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory . (wikidoc.org)
- Retrograde amnesia is a form of amnesia where someone will be unable to recall events that occurred before the onset of amnesia. (wikidoc.org)
- This form of amnesia follows brain trauma and is characterized by the inability to remember new information. (thefreedictionary.com)
- In some ways, this form of amnesia is the opposite of anterograde amnesia: the victim can recall events that occurred after a trauma, but cannot remember previously familiar information or the events preceding the trauma. (thefreedictionary.com)
- However, no detailed assessment of retrograde memory, episodic or otherwise, has yet been undertaken. (bmj.com)
- We assessed 14 VGKC-LE patients and 14 age-matched controls were assessed on a detailed measure of retrograde episodic memory (the Autobiographical Interview). (bmj.com)
- Assessment of retrograde memory performance comprised tests of semantic and episodic remote memory. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- We present a case of a 77-year-old male patient who was treated in our outpatient clinic for memory disorders because of episodic confusion and retrograde amnesia. (openaccesspub.org)
- In this case we report EEG abnormalities, episodic confusion and retrograde amnesia after intravitreal treatment with Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab in an elderly patient with microangiopathy. (openaccesspub.org)
- Here we investigated whether, with the onset of hippocampal pathology, age of memory acquisition and retrieval frequency play different roles in modulating the progressive loss of semantic and episodic contents of retrograde memory respectively. (iospress.com)
- Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal-anterior thalamic axis. (angelfire.com)
- It's not caused by damage to the brain, like other types of retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Studies of retrograde amnesia are reviewed. (pnas.org)
- This article undertakes a comprehensive review of the three kinds of evidence that have been most prominent in recent discussion: studies of retrograde amnesia in memory-impaired patients who have well-characterized lesions, neuroimaging of healthy volunteers, and work with experimental animals including lesion studies, imaging and mouse genetics. (nih.gov)
- If left untreated, Wernicke encephalopathy progresses into a condition called Korsakoff psychosis , which presents with both anterograde and retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Anterograde and retrograde amnesia, often with confabulation and preceded by Wernicke encephalopathy, indicates Korsakoff syndrome. (medscape.com)
- Injections of potassium chloride into the hippocampus after learning produce temporary disruption of neural activity and retrograde amnesia. (sciencemag.org)
- To explain the main causes of retrograde amnesia, neurologists often focus their attention on the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. (healthery.com)
- Extreme retrograde amnesia is believed to be caused by brain damage starting out at the hippocampus and spreading to other brain structures over time. (healthery.com)
- The last experiment showed that animals with complete hippocampus lesions could also learn about the context, although the same lesions produced devastating retrograde amnesia. (jneurosci.org)
- Amnesia can be induced, however, with drug infusions or genetic manipulations that target the hippocampus. (jneurosci.org)
- The role of the hippocampus in retrograde amnesia remains controversial and poorly understood. (thenakedscientists.com)
- Isolated Retrograde Amnesia - Brain scans sometimes link RA to lesions. (healthery.com)
- Thiamine deficiency experienced by some chronic alcoholics also produces anterograde amnesia, by creating lesions in parts of the brain known as the mammillary bodies and the medial thalamus. (papermasters.com)
- The focus of this article is the assessment and management of medically unexplained ('psychogenic') amnesia, which we classify here as global or situation specific. (cambridge.org)
- Finally, brain and physiological mechanisms potentially associated with psychogenic amnesia are discussed. (cambridge.org)
- Patients C.D. and I.J. were entirely amnesic for their lives prior to the onset of amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Infantile/childhood amnesia refers to a person's inability to recall events from early childhood. (health-cares.net)
- Today, childhood amnesia is seen as a part of human development. (health-cares.net)
- Infantile/Childhood Amnesia is the inability to recall events from the first years of one's life. (papermasters.com)
- In this study, functional retrograde amnesia is comprehensively investigated across five patients (A.B., C.D., E.F., G.H., and I.J.). Investigation of the patients' histories, neuropsychological and psychological-psychiatric evaluation was carried out. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Concerning the non-amnesic time, however, significant differential activations associated with true relative to fictitious episodes were seen in A.B. and C.D., as well as a non-significant trend in the same direction in patient E.F. The discussion concentrates on probable organic and psychological mechanisms contributing to the onset and maintenance of the amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- If the amnesia is thought to be of psychological origin, it is termed psychogenic. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Psychological exams may be ordered to determine the extent of amnesia and the memory system affected. (thefreedictionary.com)
- In diagnosing amnesia and its cause, doctors look at several factors. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Focal Retrograde Amnesia - Memory loss in this type of diagnosis is usually minute and the result of drug use, in most cases. (healthery.com)
- Brain plasticity has helped explain the recovery process of brain damage induced retrograde amnesia, where neuro-structures use different neural pathways to avoid the damaged areas while still performing their tasks. (wikipedia.org)
- Someone who develops retrograde amnesia after a traumatic brain injury may be unable to remember what happened in the years, or even decades, prior to that injury. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia is caused by damage to the memory-storage areas of the brain , in various brain regions. (healthline.com)
- But a severe injury, like a serious blow to the head, can damage the memory-storing areas of the brain and lead to retrograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- As there is almost always a period of retrograde amnesia from TBI that precedes a coma brain injury, one would by definition, expect someone who emerges from a coma, to be confused as to his or her whereabouts. (tbilaw.com)
- This is due, in part, to the fact that these brain regions are studied extensively to be the most impacted in cases of retrograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Another cause of retrograde amnesia is anoxia , a deprivation of oxygen to the brain. (florenceinferno.com)
- Furthermore, in two functional neuroimaging experiments brain correlates were compared within and across patients while they attempted to retrieve autobiographical events prior and following the onset of the amnesia. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- As indicated by a retention test given 24 hours later, the length of the retrograde amnesia gradients ranged from 5 seconds to 240 minutes, depending on the brain region stimulated and the intensity of the stimulating current. (syr.edu)
- Critical details of the physical changes in the brain that cause retrograde amnesia are still unknown. (wikidoc.org)
- People who experience amnesia have been instrumental in helping brain researchers determine how the brain processes memory. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Infections that damage brain tissue, including encephalitis and herpes, can also cause amnesia. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Traumatic amnesia is caused by brain damage from a hard blow to the head, such as in a car accident. (health-cares.net)
- Some say this type of amnesia could be linked to language development or the fact that some areas of the brain linked to memory were not fully mature. (health-cares.net)
- Amnesia is a profound memory loss which is usually caused either by physical injury to the brain or by the ingestion of a toxic substance which affects the brain. (health-cares.net)
- Amnesia is only preventable in so far as brain injury can be prevented or minimized. (health-cares.net)
- By studying the various stages and types of compromises to the memory, researchers are able to pinpoint what portions of the brain are most affected by amnesia and where the cause of the malady occurs. (papermasters.com)
- Pure amnesia occurs occasionally in stroke victims, brain damage under anesthetic, from poisoning of coal gas, and in persons who experience certain infections on the brain. (papermasters.com)
- CONAN: And would suffer the kind of brain loss, the memory loss, excuse me, that - it's the kind of amnesia, as you described it, that we see in soap operas, you suddenly can't remember your past at all. (upr.org)
- Mcgaugh, James L. / Retrograde amnesia gradients : Effects of direct cortical stimulation . (syr.edu)
- These findings suggest that retrograde amnesia gradients may reflect, in part, maximum susceptibility to amnesia shortly after training because the effects on memory of an amnestic agent are potentiated by the neuroendocrine response to training. (syr.edu)
- Gold, PE & Reigel, JA 1980, ' Extended retrograde amnesia gradients: Peripheral epinephrine and frontal cortex stimulation ', Physiology and Behavior , vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1101-1106. (syr.edu)
- First, the issues of temporal gradients of retrograde amnesia are discussed. (pnas.org)
- PTSD - Retrograde amnesia can be caused by traumatic events that incite patients to find a coping mechanism, namely memory loss. (healthery.com)
- Hysterical (fugue) amnesia is usually triggered by a traumatic event that the person's mind is unable to properly handle. (health-cares.net)
- Dissociative amnesia is characterized by a blocking out of critical personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. (health-cares.net)
- Traumatic amnesia is generally due to a head injury (fall, knock on the head). (bionity.com)
- What is infantile amnesia? (health-cares.net)
- Infantile amnesia could be linked to language development. (health-cares.net)
- Infantile amnesia occurs when a person cannot remember their earliest childhood. (health-cares.net)
- Hysterical amnesia is typically short term and involves forgetting a situation or one's identity. (papermasters.com)
- I was dx with a concussion & retrograde amnesia. (medhelp.org)
- See related handouts on concussions at https://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/concussion.html , and on burners at https://familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/diseases-conditions/burners.html . (aafp.org)
- What is dissociative amnesia? (health-cares.net)
- Symptoms of dissociative amnesia + purposeful travel beyond the usual everyday range. (wikibooks.org)
- The DSM-IV-TR talks about dissociative amnesia and fugue as part of dissociative disorders as included in the ICD-10 criteria but conversion disorder is a part of Somatoform disorders rather than dissociative disorders in the DSM-IV. (wikibooks.org)
- Posttraumatic amnesia (memory loss of approx. (google.com)
- What're the symptoms of amnesia? (health-cares.net)
- The symptoms of amnesia fall into two broad categories of impaired memory function and retained memory function. (alzheimer-europe.org)
- Anterograde amnesia is a deficit in learning subsequent to the onset of the disorder. (health-cares.net)
- also known as Amnestic Disorder ) a person suffering from memory amnesia lost parts or all of his memory. (mental-health-matters.com)
- Amnesia research papers explain the pathological disorder that occurs in response to specific neuroanatomical and physiological damage. (papermasters.com)
- While certain memory functions are adversely affected, retrograde amnesia does not hinder a person's ability to learn new things - as is the case with anterograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Retrograde amnesia (RA), which includes loss of memory for past personal events (autobiographical RA) and for acquired knowledge (semantic RA), has been largely documented in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). (iospress.com)
- With retrograde amnesia, memory loss usually involves facts rather than skills. (healthline.com)
- Anterograde amnesia is often informally, but incorrectly, called " short-term memory loss", conjuring up the idea, as in the movie Memento , that it is a problem of short-term memory. (wikidoc.org)
- Amnesia may be retrograde or anterograde depending upon the patient symptoms and the kind of memory loss experienced by him. (planetayurveda.com)
- My interest in retrograde memory loss has been rekindled recently by the evidence of different patterns of preserved and impaired knowledge of events, people, and words acquired before the onset of the amnesic syndrome. (pnas.org)
- LEVITIN: Right, so neuroscientists call this kind of memory loss retrograde amnesia. (upr.org)
- In other words, retrograde amnesics "know" an information or skill, but cannot "remember" how they do. (wikipedia.org)
- Retrograde and anterograde amnesia are the most common deficits observed acutely after ECT. (thefreedictionary.com)
- In both experiments, patients were given visual presentations of descriptions of personal episodes originating from the time preceding or following the amnesia onset. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- However, I believe retrograde amnesia may cause episodes of deja vu, tricking your hippocampal neurons to replicate a time-dependent event. (thenakedscientists.com)
- The Merck Manual defines it as "one or more episodes of amnesia in which the inability to recall some or all of one's past and either the loss of one's identity or the formation of a new identity occur with sudden, unexpected, purposeful travel away from home" . (bionity.com)
- Focal retrograde amnesia, also known as isolated or pure retrograde amnesia, is when someone only experiences retrograde amnesia with few or no symptoms of anterograde amnesia. (healthline.com)
- Amnesia can be classified based on the temporal nature of the amnesia, which is anterograde if the person forgets what occurs after the inciting event, or retrograde if the person forgets everything that occured before the inciting event. (wikidoc.org)
- The sufferer will not be able to remember anything that occurs after the onset of this type of amnesia for more than a brief period following the event. (bionity.com)
- Per Science Direct, however, neurobiologists often classify the severity of retrograde amnesia by its duration. (healthery.com)
- Estimates of the duration of retrograde defects have been very variable. (pnas.org)
- Our original demonstration ( 3 ) that the duration of a retrograde memory deficit might be lifelong without any sparing of the most remote events was criticized on the grounds that our patients were so impaired that we had merely recorded "floor" effects. (pnas.org)
- Recovery from the amnesia is selective-rats recover from amnesia of events that occurred24 hours before injection but do not recover from amnesia of events that occurred 10 seconds before injection. (sciencemag.org)
- As long as one week after training, rats that received a subcutaneous epinephrine injection shortly before electrical stimulation of frontal cortex exhibited amnesia on later retention tests. (syr.edu)
- Considering the therapeutic effect of post-training injection of Crocin on scopolamine retrograde amnesia, it may be concluded that Crocin has an interaction with cholinergic system in formation of passive avoidance memory in male rats. (jkums.com)
- Peter-Wolfgang Meyer, Matthias N. Ungerer, Johannes Schröder (2018) Retrograde Amnesia and Disorientation after Intraocular Injection of Anti-VEGF Agents. (openaccesspub.org)
- But of course the confusion is usually much greater than that (retrograde amnesia from TBI) , as it is not only the knowledge as to how the survivor got to the ICU that is compromised, but also the brain's ability to take in radically new information and surroundings. (tbilaw.com)
- Although it may seem that people with Retrograde Amnesia have great difficulty continuing their usual life , many of them are able to lead a normal life. (florenceinferno.com)
- People with amnesia have difficulty learning new information, and they have difficulty recalling previously learned information. (health-cares.net)
- Retrograde amnesia (RA) is a loss of memory-access to events that occurred, or information that was learned, before an injury or the onset of a disease. (wikipedia.org)
- Amnesia in simple words is a loss of memory to a variable degree. (planetayurveda.com)
- Some degree of retrograde amnesia, the loss of memory for events antedating the onset of illness, has been a constant feature though even this "fact" has recently been challenged ( 1 ). (pnas.org)
- Our results provide evidence that the loss of the two components of retrograde memory is regulated by different mechanisms. (iospress.com)
- Interpretation Postconcussion headache, low energy or fatigue, amnesia and abnormal neurologic examination were significant predictors of time loss among professional hockey players. (cmaj.ca)
- The type of information that is forgotten can be very specific, like a single event, or more general, resembling generic amnesia. (wikipedia.org)
- This is a rare type of retrograde amnesia resulting from an emotional shock. (healthline.com)
- Finally, diseases such as epilepsy and encephalitis may result from this type of amnesia. (florenceinferno.com)
- Amnesia can also be classified based upon the nature, type, and pathophysiology of the amnestic episode. (wikidoc.org)
- This type of amnesia is called retrograde amnesia. (encyclopedia.com)
- Which type of amnesia is typically drug-induced? (studystack.com)
- Depending upon the type of amnesia, the priming affect or memory is either preserved or compromised. (papermasters.com)
- This global type of amnesia is more common in middle-aged to elderly people, particularly males, and usually lasts less than 24 hours. (bionity.com)
- She had complete anterograde amnesia and slight retrograde amnesia without other neurological findings. (hindawi.com)
- Discuss the clinical implications pertaining to the neurological condition (amnesia) and then rehabilitation practices. (papermasters.com)
- Depending on the level of damage, the amnesia could be temporary or permanent. (healthline.com)
- Retrograde amnesia ranges in severity and can also be temporary or permanent. (healthery.com)
- In its simplest form, amnesia is understood to be a temporary or permanent impairment of some portion of the memory system. (papermasters.com)
- Ribot's law of retrograde amnesia was hypothesized in 1881 by Théodule Ribot. (wikipedia.org)
- Not all patients suffering from retrograde amnesia report the symptoms of Ribot's law. (wikipedia.org)
- Despite the formality of Ribot's law and despite the theoretical importance of the existence of retrograde defects, the evidence for many years was based on mere anecdote. (pnas.org)
- Amnesia is postulated to affect declarative memory in both the long-term and short-term memory. (papermasters.com)
- According to the Mayo Clinic, retrograde amnesia is the decreased ability to remember events that happened in the past and information that was previously familiar. (reference.com)
- Retrograde amnesia is distinct from anterograde amnesia, which is the decreased ability to remember new events or information after amnesia is diagnosed. (reference.com)
- Patients that are newly diagnosed with this condition are characterized as having limited or no recollection of events that happened prior to the onset of retrograde amnesia. (healthery.com)
- Patients who incurred amnesia from a specific event such as an accident often also lost memory of the events leading up to the incident as well. (wikipedia.org)
- Also the person cannot remember events in their past life particularly the period immediately before their amnesia. (alzheimer-europe.org)
- In anterograde amnesia , new events contained in the immediate memory are not transferred to the permanent as long-term memory. (bionity.com)
- It has been generally accepted that right unilateral ECT is a clinically effective treatment that produces less impairment of new learning capacity and less amnesia for remote events than bilateral ECT (7,13). (healthyplace.com)