The hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. It is formed when AMMONIA reacts with water molecules in solution.
Inorganic compounds that contain the OH- group.
Containers, packaging, and packaging materials for processed and raw foods and beverages. It includes packaging intended to be used for storage and also used for preparation of foods such as microwave food containers versus COOKING AND EATING UTENSILS. Packaging materials may be intended for food contact or designated non-contact, for example, shipping containers. FOOD LABELING is also available.
The application of knowledge to the food industry.
Substances capable of inhibiting, retarding or arresting the process of fermentation, acidification or other deterioration of foods.
A white powder prepared from lime that has many medical and industrial uses. It is in many dental formulations, especially for root canal filling.
A compound with many biomedical applications: as a gastric antacid, an antiperspirant, in dentifrices, as an emulsifier, as an adjuvant in bacterins and vaccines, in water purification, etc.
The process of keeping pharmaceutical products in an appropriate location.
Chromatography on thin layers of adsorbents rather than in columns. The adsorbent can be alumina, silica gel, silicates, charcoals, or cellulose. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)
Derivatives of ammonium compounds, NH4+ Y-, in which all four of the hydrogens bonded to nitrogen have been replaced with hydrocarbyl groups. These are distinguished from IMINES which are RN=CR2.
Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)
An inorganic compound that occurs in nature as the mineral brucite. It acts as an antacid with cathartic effects.
Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

The photoreduction of H(2)O(2) by Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and UTEX 625. (1/32)

It has been claimed that the sole H(2)O(2)-scavenging system in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 is a cytosolic catalase-peroxidase. We have measured in vivo activity of a light-dependent peroxidase in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and UTEX 625. The addition of small amounts of H(2)O(2) (2.5 microM) to illuminated cells caused photochemical quenching (qP) of chlorophyll fluorescence that was relieved as the H(2)O(2) was consumed. The qP was maximal at about 50 microM H(2)O(2) with a Michaelis constant of about 7 microM. The H(2)O(2)-dependent qP strongly indicates that photoreduction can be involved in H(2)O(2) decomposition. Catalase-peroxidase activity was found to be almost completely inhibited by 10 microM NH(2)OH with no inhibition of the H(2)O(2)-dependent qP, which actually increased, presumably due to the light-dependent reaction now being the only route for H(2)O(2)-decomposition. When (18)O-labeled H(2)O(2) was presented to cells in the light there was an evolution of (16)O(2), indicative of H(2)(16)O oxidation by PS 2 and formation of photoreductant. In the dark (18)O(2) was evolved from added H(2)(18)O(2) as expected for decomposition by the catalase-peroxidase. This evolution was completely blocked by NH(2)OH, whereas the light-dependent evolution of (16)O(2) during H(2)(18)O(2) decomposition was unaffected.  (+info)

The effects of ammonia on pancreatic enzyme secretion in vivo and in vitro. (2/32)

BACKGROUND: Recent studies clearly demonstrate that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection of the stomach causes persistent elevation of ammonia (NH3) in gastric juice leading to hypergastrinemia and enhanced pancreatic enzyme secretion. METHODS: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of NH4OH on plasma gastrin level and exocrine pancreatic secretion in vivo in conscious dogs equipped with chronic pancreatic fistulas and on secretory activity of in vitro isolated acini obtained from the rat pancreas by collagenase digestion. The effects of NH4OH on amylase release from pancreatic acini were compared with those produced by simple alkalization of these acini with NaOH. RESULTS: NH4OH given intraduodenally (i.d.) in increasing concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 mM/L) resulted in an increase of pancreatic protein output, reaching respectively 9%, 10%, 19%, 16% and 17% of caerulein maximum in these animals and in a marked increase in plasma gastrin level. NH4OH (8 x 0 mM/L, i.d.) given during intravenous (i.v.) infusion of secretin (50 pmol/kg-h) and cholecystokinin (50 pmol/kg-h) reduced the HCO3 and protein outputs by 35% and 37% respectively, as compared to control obtained with infusion of secretin plus cholecystokinin alone. When pancreatic secretion was stimulated by ordinary feeding the same amount of NH4OH administered i.d. decreased the HCO3- and protein responses by 78% and 47% respectively, and had no significant effect on postprandial plasma gastrin. In isolated pancreatic acini, increasing concentrations of NH4OH (10(-7)-10(-4) M) produced a concentration-dependent stimulation of amylase release, reaching about 43% of caerulein-induced maximum. When various concentrations of NH4OH were added to submaximal concentration of caerulein (10(-12) M) or urecholine (10(-5) M), the enzyme secretion was reduced at a dose 10(-5) M of NH4OH by 38% or 40%, respectively. Simple alkalization with NaOH of the incubation medium up to pH 8.5 markedly stimulated basal amylase secretion from isolated pancreatic acini, whereas the secretory response of these acini to pancreatic secretagogues was significantly diminished by about 30%. LDH release into the incubation medium was not significantly changed in all tests indicating that NH4OH did not produce any apparent damage of pancreatic acini and this was confirmed by histological examination of these acini. CONCLUSIONS: 1. NH4OH affects basal and stimulated pancreatic secretion. 2. The excessive release of gastrin may be responsible for the stimulation of basal pancreatic enzyme secretion in conscious animals, and 3. The inhibitory effects of NH4OH on stimulated secretion might be mediated, at least in part, by its direct action on the isolated pancreatic acini possibly due to the alkalization of these acini.  (+info)

The oxidation state of the photosystem II manganese cluster influences the structure of manganese stabilizing protein. (3/32)

Exposure of photosystem II membranes to trypsin that has been treated to inhibit chymotrypsin activity produces limited hydrolysis of manganese stabilizing protein. Exposure to chymotrypsin under the same conditions yields substantial digestion of the protein. Further probing of the unusual insensitivity of manganese stabilizing protein to trypsin hydrolysis reveals that increasing the temperature from 4 to 25 degrees C will cause some acceleration in the rate of proteolysis. However, addition of low (100 microM) concentrations of NH2OH, that are sufficient to reduce, but not destroy, the photosystem II Mn cluster, causes a change in PS II-bound manganese stabilizing protein that causes it to be rapidly digested by trypsin. Immunoblot analyses with polyclonal antibodies directed against the N-terminus of the protein, or against the entire sequence show that trypsin cleavage produces two distinct peptide fragments estimated to be in the 17-20 kDa range, consistent with proposals that there are 2 mol of the protein/mol photosystem II. The correlation of trypsin sensitivity with Mn redox state(s) in photosystem II suggest that manganese stabilizing protein may interact either directly with Mn, or alternatively, that the polypeptide is bound to another protein of the photosystem II reaction center that is intimately involved in binding and redox activity of Mn.  (+info)

Efficacy of common laboratory disinfectants on the infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in cell culture. (4/32)

Nine liquid disinfectants were tested for their ability to reduce infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in cell culture. A 4-min exposure to 6% hydrogen peroxide and a 13-min exposure to ammonium hydroxide-amended windshield washer fluid reduced infectivity 1,000-fold. Other disinfectants tested (70% ethanol, 37% methanol, 6% sodium hypochlorite, 70% isopropanol, and three commercial disinfectants) did not reduce the infectivity after a 33-min exposure. The results indicate that hydrogen peroxide and windshield washer fluid or ammonium hydroxide disinfectant may be suitable laboratory disinfectants against C. parvum oocysts.  (+info)

Structural determination of lipid A of the lipopolysaccharide from Pseudomonas reactans. A pathogen of cultivated mushrooms. (5/32)

The chemical structure of lipid A from the lipopolysaccharide of the mushroom-associated bacterium Pseudomonas reactans, a pathogen of cultivated mushroom, was elucidated by compositional analysis and spectroscopic methods (MALDI-TOF and two-dimensional NMR). The sugar backbone was composed of the beta-(1'-->6)-linked d-glucosamine disaccharide 1-phosphate. The lipid A fraction showed remarkable heterogeneity with respect to the fatty acid and phosphate composition. The major species are hexacylated and pentacylated lipid A, bearing the (R)-3-hydroxydodecanoic acid [C12:0 (3OH)] in amide linkage and a (R)-3-hydroxydecanoic [C10:0 (3OH)] in ester linkage while the secondary fatty acids are present as C12:0 and/or C12:0 (2-OH). A nonstoichiometric phosphate substitution at position C-4' of the distal 2-deoxy-2-amino-glucose was detected. Interestingly, the pentacyl lipid A is lacking a primary fatty acid, namely the C10:0 (3-OH) at position C-3'. The potential biological meaning of this peculiar lipid A is also discussed.  (+info)

Identification of the extracellular loop 2 as the point of interaction between the N terminus of the chemokine MIP-1alpha and its CCR1 receptor. (6/32)

Macrophage inflammatory peptide-1alpha (MIP-1alpha)/CC-chemokine receptor ligand 3 is an 8-kDa peptide that induces chemotaxis of various lymphocytes to sites of inflammation through interaction with the G protein-coupled chemokine receptors CCR1 and CCR5. We recently described the preparation of a photoactivatable derivative of MIP-1alpha labeled with a benzophenone group at the extreme N-terminal end, which is a determinant for the agonist character of chemokines. Benzophenone-MIP-1alpha is a full agonist that specifically and covalently labels CCR1 and CCR5 receptors upon irradiation. In the present study, we use enzymatic and chemical cleavage methods on wild-type and mutated CCR1 receptors to show that the N terminus of the chemokine MIP-1alpha interacts in a specific manner with the second extracellular loop of the CCR1 receptor, within a segment comprising amino acids 178 to 194. This is the first report on the direct identification of a contact point between the N terminus of a chemokine and its membrane-bound receptor. The work shows that the part of chemokines that is endowed with agonist properties interacts with extracellular parts of the receptor rather than the transmembrane core of the protein.  (+info)

Ammonium hydroxide hydrolysis: a valuable support in the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis of Lipid A fatty acid distribution. (7/32)

Lipid A is the lipophilic moiety of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), the major components of the external membrane of almost all gram-negative bacteria. It is responsible for the toxicity of LPS and has a heterogeneous structure composed of a bis-phosphorylated glucosamine disaccharide backbone that is acylated at the positions 2, 3 of the GlcN I (proximal) and GlcN II (distal) residue with O- and N-linked 3-hydroxy fatty acids (primary substitution). These fatty acids are further acylated by means of their 3-hydroxy groups (secondary substitution). The toxicity of Lipid A is dependent on its primary structure; the number, the length, and the distribution of the fatty acids on the disaccharide backbone strongly influence the endotoxic activity. In this paper a general and easy methodology to obtain secondary fatty acid distribution, which is one of the most difficult issues in the structural determination of Lipid A, is proposed. The method combines ammonium hydroxide hydrolysis and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI)-mass spectrometry analysis and has been successfully proven with five different Lipid A species. The procedure exploits the lower stability under mild alkaline conditions of acyl and acyloxyacyl esters with respect to that of the acyl and acyloxyacyl amides. The partially degraded Lipid A species obtained are analyzed by MALDI-MS. The generality of this approach was tested on five Lipid As, namely those arising from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Pseudomonas reactans, and Burkholderia caryophylli.  (+info)

Decrease in the efficiency of the electron donation to tyrosine Z of photosystem II in an SQDG-deficient mutant of Chlamydomonas. (8/32)

Photosystem (PS) II activity of a sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG)-deficient mutant (hf-2) of Chlamydomonas was partially decreased compared with that of wild-type. The susceptibility to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) was also modified in the mutant. Photometric measurements in the isolated thylakoid membranes of hf-2 revealed that the lowered activity in the mutant was derived from a decrease in the efficiency of the electron donation from water to tyrosine Z, not from the efficiency of the electron transport from Q(A) to Q(B). This result was confirmed by the decay kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence determined in vivo. We conclude that SQDG contributes to maintaining the conformation of PSII complexes, particularly that of D1 polypeptides, which are necessary for maximum activities in Chlamydomonas.  (+info)

... is a salt with the formula (NH4)2CrO4. It forms yellow, monoclinic crystals; made from ammonium hydroxide and ... "Ammonium chromate". Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ammonium chromate. Retrieved on 28-04-2014. Information preview for Ammonium chromate, ... Ammonium dichromate Perry, Dale L. (2011). Handbook of Inorganic Compounds, Second Edition. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press. ... ammonium dichromate; used in photography as a sensitizer for gelatin coatings. It is often used in photography, textile ...
It can be denoted by the symbols NH3(aq). Although the name ammonium hydroxide suggests an alkali with composition [NH+ 4][OH ... In aqueous solution, ammonia deprotonates a small fraction of the water to give ammonium and hydroxide according to the ... Database of Select Committee on GRAS Substances (SCOGS) Reviews: Ammonium hydroxide, U.S. Food and Drug Administration Rigers, ... ISBN 978-0-618-94690-7. Ammonium hydroxide toxicity C&L Inventory. "GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank". gestis.dguv.de. Housecroft, C. E.; ...
Ammonium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide cause bleaching. Testing with melzer's reagent is negative. The trama hyphae of the ...
... ammonium lactate) Lotion". Lac-Hydrin specially formulates 12% lactic acid, neutralized with ammonium hydroxide, as ammonium ... Ammonium lactate is the chemical combination of lactic acid and ammonium hydroxide. It is used as a skin moisturizer lotion to ... Ammonium lactate is a compound with formula NH4(C2H4(OH)COO). It is the ammonium salt of lactic acid. It has mild anti- ... Ammonium lactate makes skin more sensitive to sunlight, and skin is more likely to sunburn.[1] "DailyMed: View Drug Label: Lac- ...
... is made from aluminium hydroxide, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate. It forms a solid solution with potassium ... Ammonium aluminium sulfate, also known as ammonium alum or just alum (though there are many different substances also called " ... Ammonium alum is not a major industrial chemical or a particularly useful laboratory reagent, but it is cheap and effective, ... Aluminum Ammonium Sulfate Material Safety Data Sheet, J. T. Baker, March 2009, retrieved 2009-11-23. D-TER Animal and Bird ...
"C60 fullerol formation catalysed by quaternary ammonium hydroxides". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications ( ... Another method is reaction in diluted sodium hydroxide catalysed by TBAH adding 24 to 26 hydroxyl groups. Hydroxylation has ...
... sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide for protein; NuLure + sodium borate, or Torula + borate, for basic proteins; yeast ... Kairomones for A. suspensa include ammonium carbonate + 3-methyl-1-butanol (cultured from Enterobacter agglomerans) for females ... ammonium acetate, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-methylpropanoate; Staley protein bait number 7, a hydrolyzed corn gluten known to emit 43 ... to Putrescine and Ammonium Bicarbonate Lures". Environmental Entomology. 38 (4): 1259-1266. doi:10.1603/022.038.0437. ISSN 0046 ...
... and calcium hydroxides; and the salts are ammonium, sodium, and potassium carbonate, bicarbonate, phosphate (including mono- ... The acids that may be used are sulfuric, sulfurous, phosphoric, acetic, and citric acids; the alkalis are ammonium, sodium, ... except for those prepared using ammonium (Class III and IV). The IPCS has concluded that caramel color does not exhibit ...
Here, fumes of ammonium hydroxide create an extremely alkaline environment. Under these conditions, the azodyes (couplers) ...
Phelps, I. K.; Deming, C. D. (1908). "The Preparation of Formamide from Ethyl Formate and Ammonium Hydroxide". The Chemical ... In the past, formamide was produced by treating formic acid with ammonia, which produces ammonium formate, which in turn yields ...
Reactions of barium hydroxide with ammonium salts are strongly endothermic. The reaction of barium hydroxide octahydrate with ... McGraw-Hill, 2002, ISBN 0-07-049439-8 "Endothermic Reactions of Hydrated Barium Hydroxide and Ammonium Chloride". UC San Diego ... Its clear aqueous solution is guaranteed to be free of carbonate, unlike those of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, as ... Barium hydroxide presents the same hazards such as skin irritation and burns as well as eye damage, just as the other strong ...
Finally, the free base form is generated with ammonium hydroxide. An even better isolation of veratridine from veratrine is ... dissolved in sulfuric acid and the sulfate salt of veratridine is precipitated by dropwise addition of a solution of ammonium ...
It is formed by the action of chromic acid on ammonium hydroxide with subsequent crystallisation. The (NH4)2Cr2O7 crystal (C2/c ... Sigma-Aldrich Co., Ammonium dichromate. Retrieved on 2013-07-20. "Ammonium Dichromate Volcano". Chemistry Comes Alive!. J. Chem ... It is a salt consisting of ammonium ions and dichromate ions. Ammonium dichromate is sometimes known as Vesuvian Fire, because ... Ammonium dichromate, in the presence of Mg(HSO4)2 and wet SiO2 can act as a very efficient reagent for the oxidative coupling ...
A lab technician (David Bloom) tells Sarah that Rosie tested clean for drugs and alcohol but positive for ammonium hydroxide, ... Sarah then requests that Rosie's body be tested for ammonium hydroxide. Richmond receives an envelope at his office followed by ... including ammonium hydroxide. Holder continues chatting with Amber. She tells him that Bennet called her at ten o'clock on ...
The red pigment will dissolve in a solution of ammonium hydroxide. Like all Mycena species, M. minirubra is saprobic-feeding ...
It is precipitated by adding aqueous ammonium hydroxide after uranium extraction by tertiary amines in kerosene. This ... Ammonium diuranate or (ADU) ((NH4)2U2O7), is one of the intermediate chemical forms of uranium produced during yellowcake ... and E.H.P.Cordfunke (Mar 1962). "On the uranates of ammonium-I: The ternary system NH3-UO3-H2O". Journal of Inorganic and ... Although it is usually called "ammonium diuranate" as though it has a "diuranate" ion U 2O2− 7, this is not necessarily the ...
Household ammonia or ammonium hydroxide is a solution of NH3 in water. The concentration of such solutions is measured in units ... whereas ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac), and ammonium sulfate are found in volcanic districts; crystals of ammonium ... Cl The salts produced by the action of ammonia on acids are known as the ammonium salts and all contain the ammonium ion (NH+4 ... or the ammonia may be absorbed in hydrochloric acid and the ammonium chloride so formed precipitated as ammonium ...
This salt can be prepared by adding ammonium carbonate to rubidium hydroxide. It is used in some kinds of glass-making by ...
... can be made by combining ammonium nitrate and potassium hydroxide. NH4NO3 (aq) + KOH (aq) → NH3 (g) + KNO3 ( ... aq) + H2O (l) An alternative way of producing potassium nitrate without a by-product of ammonia is to combine ammonium nitrate ... Potassium nitrate can also be produced by neutralizing nitric acid with potassium hydroxide. This reaction is highly exothermic ...
The solution of ammonium hydroxide used is much stronger (26% to 30%) than in household ammonia and is corrosive. The fuming ... A large shallow container of ammonium hydroxide solution is placed on the floor of the chamber and the chamber is sealed. If ... It consists of exposing the wood to fumes from a strong aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide which reacts with the tannins in ... Rodel, page 59; Hasluck, page 101 Rodel, page 57 Ammonium Hydroxide, International Chemical Safety Card. Retrieved 7 November ...
When this process includes ammonium hydroxide (NH3(aq)), amidated pectins are obtained. After drying and milling, pectin is ...
Formation of trimethylvinyl- and tetramethyl-ammonium hydroxide from acetylene and aqueous trimethylamine". Journal of the ... Neurine is a quaternary ammonium salt with three methyl groups and one vinyl group attached to the nitrogen atom. Synthetically ...
... (TMAH or TMAOH) is a quaternary ammonium salt with molecular formula N(CH3)4+ OH−. It is commonly ... TMAH belongs to the family of quaternary ammonium hydroxide (QAH) solutions and is commonly used to anisotropically etch ... Quaternary ammonium cation Tetramethylammonium chloride Tetramethylammonium Sigma-Aldrich Co., Tetramethylammonium hydroxide ... These salts contain well separated Me4N+ cations and hydroxide anions (Me is an abbreviation of methyl group). The hydroxide ...
Copper sulfate, developed by sodium iodide, sodium carbonate, ammonium hydroxide or potassium ferricyanide. Lead(II) nitrate, ... inks typically rely on the chemical reaction between thymolphthalein and a basic substance such as sodium hydroxide. ...
In enzymology, a nitrite reductase [NAD(P)H] (EC 1.7.1.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ammonium hydroxide ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is ammonium-hydroxide:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include ... 3 H+ The 4 substrates of this enzyme are ammonium hydroxide, NAD+, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 4 products are nitrite, NADH, ...
Examples of monoacidic bases are: Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, silver hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, etc When one ... calcium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, iron(II) hydroxide, tin(II) hydroxide, lead(II) hydroxide, copper(II) hydroxide, etc. When ... Ammonium hydroxide is used to remove grease stains from clothes Bases with only one ionizable hydroxide (OH−) ion per formula ... "many antacids were suspensions of metal hydroxides such as aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide." These compounds have ...
The use of ammonium hydroxide is included on the FDA's list of GRAS (generally recognized as safe) procedures, and is used in ... Because of ammonium hydroxide use in its processing, the lean finely textured beef by BPI is not permitted in Canada. Health ... With regard to concerns over the use of ammonium hydroxide, BPI noted that its use as an anti-microbial agent is approved by ... Gaseous ammonia in contact with the water in the meat produces ammonium hydroxide. The ammonia sharply increases the pH and ...
Treating actinium trifluoride with ammonium hydroxide at 900-1000 °C yields oxyfluoride AcOF. Whereas lanthanum oxyfluoride can ... Al2O3 and treating it with ammonium hydroxide at 500 °C results in the oxybromide AcOBr. Actinium hydride was obtained by ... actinium oxychloride can be prepared by hydrolyzing actinium trichloride with ammonium hydroxide at 1000 °C. However, in ... It can be obtained by heating the hydroxide at 500 °C or the oxalate at 1100 °C, in vacuum. Its crystal lattice is isotypic ...
Treating actinium trifluoride with ammonium hydroxide at 900-1000 °C yields oxyfluoride AcOF. Whereas lanthanum oxyfluoride can ... Al2O3 and treating it with ammonium hydroxide at 500 °C results in the oxybromide AcOBr. Actinium hydride was obtained by ... actinium oxychloride can be prepared by hydrolyzing actinium trichloride with ammonium hydroxide at 1000 °C. However, in ... Actinium oxide (Ac2O3) can be obtained by heating the hydroxide at 500 °C or the oxalate at 1100 °C, in vacuum. Its crystal ...
... is a quaternary ammonium salt that functions as an organic base. Together with ... Hydroxides, Quaternary ammonium compounds, Reagents for organic chemistry, Benzyl compounds, All stub articles, Organic ... benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, salts of benzyltriethylammonium are common phase-transfer catalysts. Halpern, Marc (2000). " ...
... food acid Ammonium fumarate - food acid Ammonium hydroxide - mineral salt Ammonium lactate - food acid Ammonium malate - food ... emulsifier Ammonium bicarbonate - mineral salt Ammonium carbonate - mineral salt Ammonium chloride - mineral salt Ammonium ... Amchur (mango powder) Ammonium acetate - preservative, acidity regulator Ammonium adipates - acidity regulator Ammonium ... acid Ammonium phosphates - mineral salt Ammonium phosphatides - emulsifier Ammonium polyphosphates - anti-caking agent Ammonium ...
The group is determined by making a solution of the salt in water and adding ammonium chloride and ammonium hydroxide. Ammonium ... The reagent used is ammonium sulfide or Na2S 0.1 M added to the ammonia/ammonium chloride solution used to detect group 3 ... NH4OH is used to increase the concentration of the sulfide ion, by the common ion effect - hydroxide ions from NH4OH combine ... Dimethylglyoxime can be used to confirm nickel presence, while ammonium thiocyanate in ether will turn blue in the presence of ...
A tube plugged with cotton with a little ammonium hydroxide at one end, and a solution of hydrochloric acid at the other will ... Chromates, metal hydroxides, carbonates, and sulfides, formed with lead, copper, silver, mercury and cobalt salts are sometimes ... show rings of deposited ammonium chloride where the two gases meet, if the conditions are chosen correctly. Ring formation has ...
... ammonium bicarbonate) TestibiopalladiteN (Y: 1991) 2.EB.25 [232] [233] [234] Tetra-auricupride (alloy: IMA1982-005) 1.AA.10b [ ... hydroxide)) Threadgoldite (IMA1978-066) 8.EB.20 [352] [353] [354] (IUPAC: aluminium diuranyl hydro diphosphate octahydrate) ... ammonium dialuminium (aluminotrisilicate) decaoxy dihydroxyl) Tobermorite (tobermorite: IMA2014 s.p., 1882) 9.DG.10 [440] [441 ... ammonium aluminium disulfate dodecahydrate) Tschernichite (zeolitic tectosilicate: IMA1989-037) 9.GF.30 [617] [618] [619] ...
Sodium hydroxide is usually added in small amounts to household bleach to slow down the decomposition of NaClO. Domestic use ... ammonium salts, urea, or related compounds and biological materials such as urine) produces chloramines. These gaseous products ... Typically, a 35% solution (by weight) of HClO is combined with sodium hydroxide at about or below 25 °C. The resulting slurry ... Heterogeneous reactions of sodium hypochlorite and metals such as zinc proceed slowly to give the metal oxide or hydroxide: ...
Formation of a white precipitate on the addition of ammonium chloride, ammonium hydroxide and monosodium phosphate to an ...
Similarly, when ammonia is the solvent, the strongest acid is ammonium (NH4+), thus HCl and a super acid exert the same ... in water it is only as good as sodium hydroxide. On the other hand, NaNH2 is a far more basic reagent in ammonia than is NaOH. ...
Ammonium hexafluorosilicate Ammonium hexafluorotitanate Ammonium hexafluorozirconate Ammonium hydroxide - [NH4]OH Ammonium ... NH3 Ammonium azide - [NH4]N3 Ammonium bicarbonate - [NH4]HCO3 Ammonium bisulfate - [NH4]HSO4 Ammonium bromide - NH4Br Ammonium ... Ammonium chloride - [NH4]Cl Ammonium chlorate - [NH4]ClO3 Ammonium cyanide - [NH4]CN Ammonium dichromate - [NH4]2Cr2O7 Ammonium ... 2MoO4 Ammonium sulfamate - [NH4]SO3NH2 Ammonium sulfide - [NH4]2S Ammonium sulfite - [NH4]2SO3 Ammonium sulfate - [NH4]2SO4 ...
For small scale laboratory preparations, AlF3 can also be prepared by treating aluminium hydroxide or aluminium metal with ... H2SiF6 + Al2O3 + 3 H2O → 2 AlF3 + SiO2 + 4 H2O Alternatively, it is manufactured by thermal decomposition of ammonium ...
He obtained dark red crystals (probably of Na 2[IrCl 6]·nH 2O) by a sequence of reactions with sodium hydroxide and ... Hexachloroiridic (IV) acid, H 2IrCl 6, and its ammonium salt are the most common iridium compounds from an industrial and ... Another compound used as a starting material is ammonium hexachloroiridate(III), (NH 4) 3IrCl 6. In the presence of air, ... From soluble extracts, iridium is separated by precipitating solid ammonium hexachloroiridate ((NH 4) 2IrCl 6) or by extracting ...
Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH) 2 can also be used instead of the oxide, with adjusted amount of water. For best results, the ... doi:10.1021/j150108a002 J. W. C. Davis (1872): "Composition of Crystalline Deposit from a Solution of Magnesium and Ammonium ... The compounds can also be prepared from magnesium oxide or hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. The MgO - H 2O - MgCl 2 phase ... magnesium hydroxide, the mineral brucite) 2Mg(OH) 2·MgCl 2·4H 2O = Mg 3(OH) 4Cl 2·4H 2O ("phase 2", "2:1:4") 3Mg(OH) 2·MgCl 2· ...
It might also prepared by addition of sodium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide to a Ce4+ solution, being obtained as a gelatinous ... Cerium(IV) hydroxide, also known as ceric hydroxide, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ce(OH)4. It is a ... Cerium(IV) hydroxide can be produced by reacting cerium(III) carbonate and acetic acid, then oxidizing it with hydrogen ...
... ammonium perfluorooctanoate or APFO) as part of a general health survey in a cohort of occupationally exposed workers". Journal ... in the presence of sodium hydroxide, caused the removal of the carboxylic acid group at the end of the carbon chain, creating a ... "Longitudinal study of serum lipids and liver enzymes in workers with occupational exposure to ammonium perfluorooctanoate". ... cholesterol and lipoproteins in ammonium perfluorooctanoate production workers". Drug and Chemical Toxicology. 23 (4): 603-20. ...
Ammonia interacts with moist surfaces to form ammonium hydroxide, which causes necrosis of tissues. Exposure to high ...
"7 Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate and Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate". Journal of the American College ... sodium hydroxide). It is also noteworthy that there are many homemade products that are highly efficient at cleaning, such as ...
... boric acid catalyzed by sodium hydroxide. When the sodium counter ion is replaced by a bulky ammonium salt the resulting ionic ...
When the alkali used is ammonia, so-called ammonium diuranate, known in the industry as ADU, is the main constituent of ... When the alkali used is sodium hydroxide, so-called sodium diuranate, SDU, is produced. This can also be converted into an ... Cordfunke, E. H. P. (1962). "On the uranates of ammonium-I: The ternary system NH3---UO3---H2O". Journal of Inorganic and ... This decrease is continuous and no band splitting was observed, indicating that the ammonium uranate system is homogeneous and ...
... bicarbonate and hydroxide), pesticide, poultry feed, calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer and as a refractory lime. Notable ...
1974 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Method of assay ISO 980:1976 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Determination of ... Determination of free ammonia and ammonium compounds - Colorimetric comparison method ISO 121:1980 Magnesium-aluminium-zinc ... 1974 Potassium hydroxide for industrial use - Method of assay [Withdrawn without replacement] ISO 991:1976 Potassium hydroxide ... 1969 Sodium hydroxide for industrial use - Preparation and storage of test sample [Withdrawn: replaced with ISO 3195] ISO/R 978 ...
The conductive additive may be lithium chloride, quaternary ammonium halide, or other. Some examples of metal alkoxides ... Hydroxide, Phenoxide, and Alkoxide Complexes". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 133 (44): 17713-17726. doi:10.1021/ ...
Aluminium hydroxide has been used as a wood-fibre, rubber, plastic, and textile flame retardant since the 1890s. Apart from ... chromium trioxide or ammonium persulfate; in this instance the concentrated sulfuric acid is acting as an inorganic nonaqueous ... hydroxides, and chalcides"); Everest who comments that, "it seems probable that the Ge++ ion can also occur in other ... Properties and Uses of Oxides and Hydroxides,' in AJ Downs (ed.), Chemistry of Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium, ...
Members of the genus Nitrosomonas oxidize ammonium ions into nitrite, - a process called nitrification - and are important in ... Gallionella and Ferriphaselus oxidise ferrous iron (Fe2+) ions into ferric hydroxide (Fe(OH)3) during autotrophic growth, and ...
Additionally, the formation of the hydroxide ion may cause soils around the applied urea particle to have a pH around 9.0 which ... The ammonia will likely escape to the atmosphere unless it reacts with water to form ammonium (NH4+) according to the following ... such as ammonium nitrate. However, if urea is applied to the soil surface, a meaningful fraction of applied fertilizer nitrogen ... This is important because ammonium is a plant available source of nitrogen while ammonia is not. ...
This time potassium hydroxide was added to metathesize the solution. Liquid was removed with a centrifuge and the solid ... The plutonium was reduced again by adding ferrous ammonium sulfate. Bismuth nitrate and phosphoric acid were added and bismuth ... sulfates and ammonium nitrate were added to the solution and the hexavalent plutonium was precipitated as plutonium peroxide. ... followed by slow addition of sodium hydroxide. After removing the waste and washing the slugs, three portions of Nitric acid ...
"Mercury ammonium chloride". (Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2014, Articles without EBI source, ... A variety of related amido and nitrido materials with chloride, bromide, and hydroxide are known. Before the toxicity of ...
Ammonium hydroxide forms when ammonia dissolves in water. This article discusses poisoning from ... Ammonium hydroxide is a colorless liquid chemical solution. It is in a class of substances called caustics. ... Ammonium hydroxide can also release ammonia gas into the air.. Ammonia alone (not ammonium hydroxide) can be found in many ... Ammonium hydroxide is a colorless liquid chemical solution. It is in a class of substances called caustics. Ammonium hydroxide ...
Copyright © 2023 Advanced Health and Security - All Rights Reserved - Developed By Vivid Image - Log in ...
Ammonia dissolves readily in water evolving heat (exothermic), to form ammonium hydroxide a corrosive, alkaline solution. ... ammonium hydroxide. The extent of injury produced by exposure to ammonia depends on the duration of the exposure and the ... Atmos Environ 36(6):1087-1097.Thomas DH, Rey M, Jackson PE [2002]. Determination of inorganic cations and ammonium in ...
Urea-ammonium nitrate fertilizer solution. 24. 46.. Potassium hydroxide. 23. 47.. Propylene. 23. ... Ammonium nitrate (12000 lbs). General public. M. Thermal burns. None. 4. 2. Truck. Spill. Diesel fuel (100 gal) nitrogen (1 lb) ...
Reaction products of sodium glucoheptonate with copper sulfate and ammonium hydroxide. *. *. EC number: 946-272-2 , CAS number ...
Ammonium acetate solution BioUltra, for molecular biology, ~5 M in H2O; CAS Number: 631-61-8; Linear Formula: CH3COONH4; find ... Ammonium acetate solution has been used to study pharmacokinetic analysis of α and β epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rat ... Ammonium acetate solution has also been used in a study to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of aristolochic ... Ammonium acetate solution can be used to study molecular biology, biological buffers, reagents and DNA and RNA purification. ...
We also Provide Trading Suppliers & Manufacture for 12125-02-9 Ammonium chloride. ... Stage #1: Dipikrylamin With sodium hydroxide In water at 80℃; for 0.5h;. Stage #2: ammonium chloride In water at 20℃; for 1h;. ... A15000) Ammonium chloride, 98+% 12125-02-9. 250g. 215.0CNY. Detail Alfa Aesar. (A15000) Ammonium chloride, 98+% 12125-02-9. ... A15000) Ammonium chloride, 98+% 12125-02-9. 1000g. 279.0CNY. Detail Alfa Aesar. (A15000) Ammonium chloride, 98+% 12125-02-9. ...
Potassium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide are also observed. Drain pipe cleaners, oven cleaners, powdered laundry detergents, ... Alkalis account for approximately 70% of corrosive ingestions; lye (sodium hydroxide) ingestions are the most common. ...
If still acidic, then adjust the pH to 8.0 using 28% ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).. NOTE: To avoid sample loss, the sample volume ... Prepare buffer A (10 mM ammonium formate, pH 8.0) and buffer B (10 mM ammonium formate, 90% ACN, pH 8.0) for a microliter flow ...
Aqueous solutions are referred to as aqueous ammonia, ammonia solution, and ammonium hydroxide. Synonyms include ammonia gas, ... Aqueous solutions are referred to as aqueous ammonia, ammonia solution, and ammonium hydroxide. ... Ammonia dissolves readily in water to form ammonium hydroxide-an alkaline solution. The concentration of aqueous ammonia ... hydroxide). Exposure to ammonia gas or ammonium hydroxide can result in corrosive injury to the mucous membranes of the eyes, ...
Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, silver hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, etc Diacidic bases. When one molecule of base via ... Barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, zinc hydroxide, iron(II) hydroxide, tin(II) hydroxide, lead(II) ... Ammonia fumes from aqueous ammonium hydroxide (in test tube) reacting with hydrochloric acid (in beaker) to produce ammonium ... Ammonium hydroxide is used to remove grease stains from clothes. Monoprotic and polyprotic bases. Bases with only one ionizable ...
DNA was extracted by use of the ammonium hydroxide method (7). Isolated DNA was examined for the presence of the Rickettsia sp ...
Ammonium Hydroxide; Polyquaternium-6; Oleyl Alcohol; Fragrance; Resorcinol; p-Phenylenediamine; Ammonium Thiolactate; ...
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE•HEXADIMETHRINE CHLORIDE•LAURIC ACID•GLYCOL DISTEARATE•POLYQUATERNIUM-22•ETHANOLAMINE•p- PHENYLENEDIAMINE• ... SILICA DIMETHYL SILYLATE•CI 77891•2,4-DIAMINOPHENOXYETHANOL HCl•m-AMINOPHENOL•ASCORBIC ACID •AMMONIUM THIOLACTATE•DIMETHICONE• ...
Do this with the drop-wise addition of Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) while mixing. If the mixture does not respond to the pH ...
... ammonium hydroxide solution (in collection pans below the rods). These computer-controlled (Med-Associates, Lafayette, IN) ...
ammonium hydroxide ★ zinc chloride ★ sodium iodide sodium phosphate potassium chromate halides chloride ...
Ammonium hydroxide is a distinct substance combining ammonia and water that has a separate CAS number (1336-21-6).. Facilities ... Ammonium Hydroxide. Ammonia, Chemical Abstract Services (CAS) number 7664-41-7, is an EPCRA extremely hazardous substance (EHS ... A facility would report only if the total amount of ammonium hydroxide exceeds the 10,000-pound EPCRA threshold for hazardous ... In other words, must the amount of ammonia in ammonium hydroxide be counted (and aggregated) towards the 500-pound EHS ...
The procedure calls for digestion of the sample with a quaternary ammonium-hydroxide. With this method one can measure metals ...
When introduced to an aqueous environment, ionic compounds such as sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and ammonium bromide ... Notice that the hydroxide concentration is doubled because there will be twice as many moles as the undissolved substance. ... We have now determined the Ksp value for calcium hydroxide. It will allow us to determine other information about solutions ... This is the solubility constant for calcium hydroxide. We wish to determine is numerical value, but we only know that its ...
Ingredients: AQUA / WATER • BUTYLENE GLYCOL • GLYCERIN • HYDROXYETHYLPIPERAZINE ETHANE SULFONIC ACID • PERLITE • AMMONIUM ... POLYACRYLOYLDIMETHYL TAURATE • SODIUM HYDROXIDE • PUMICE • POLOXAMER 184 • DISODIUM EDTA • CAPRYLYL GLYCOL • XANTHAN GUM • T- ...
Ammonium hydroxide, boric acid, carbon tetrachloride, chromate, formaldehyde, hydrochloric acid, methylene chloride, mercury, ... oxalate, silver, sodium hydroxide, sodium thiocyanate, trichloroethane.. Potential hazards. Corrosive; acids can burn and blind ...
Water/Aqua/Eau, Glycolic Acid, Sorbitol, Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Sodium Hydroxide, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Palmitic ... Water/Aqua/Eau, Glycolic Acid, Sorbitol, Cetyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Sodium Hydroxide, Ammonium Lauryl Sulfate, Palmitic ...
Ammonium hydroxide 001336-21-6. 215-647-6 1.0-5.0 (Colorant). No. H314, H335, H400. P260, P280, P301+P330+P331, P305+P351+P338 ... Sodium hydroxide 001310-73-2. 215-185-5 0.1-1.0 (Colorant). No. H290, H314, H315, H319. P260, P280, P303+P361+P353, P305+P351+ ...
The other chemicals found in keratin treatments - like ammonium thioglycolate, sodium hydroxide, and methylene glycol - tend to ...
These no-lye relaxers contain chemicals like calcium hydroxide, ammonium thioglycolate, guanidine carbonate and lithium ... It used to be that most relaxers were made with lye (otherwise known as sodium hydroxide), which got a bad rep for damaging ... hydroxide -- that claim to be all-natural and non-damaging. Unfortunately, you cant believe the hype. Really -- do those ...
Aluminium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate are some of the most ... Ammonium hydroxide and lithium carbonate are two alkalis that are commonly utilised to treat a wide range of illnesses and ... Zinc hydroxide and copper oxide are examples of bases. Following are some important properties of bases: *The base interacts ... A strong alkali, such as NaOH (sodium hydroxide or caustic soda), on the other hand, releases practically all of its OH- ions ...
... and ammonium hydroxide, as well as specialty blended acids and solvents. HPPCs comprise a broad group of bulk chemicals used ...
EXTRACTION OF ALUMINIUM OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES WITH AMMONIUM OXALATE/OXALIC ACID. S.R. CEN/TR 16110:2010 CHARACTERIZATION OF ... EXTRACTION OF ALUMINIUM OXIDES AND HYDROXIDES WITH AMMONIUM OXALATE/OXALIC ACID. S.R. CEN/TR 16110:2010 CHARACTERIZATION OF ... Extraction of aluminium oxides and hydroxides with ammonium oxalate/oxalic acid. ISO 12782-4:2012 Soil quality - Parameters for ... Extraction of aluminium oxides and hydroxides with ammonium oxalate/oxalic acid. ISO 12782-4:2012 Soil quality - Parameters for ...
  • Soaps are weak bases formed by the reaction of fatty acids with sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide . (wikipedia.org)
  • When introduced to an aqueous environment, ionic compounds such as sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, and ammonium bromide dissolve because of this. (wikibooks.org)
  • The other chemicals found in keratin treatments - like ammonium thioglycolate, sodium hydroxide, and methylene glycol - tend to be real MVPs of healthier hair. (greatist.com)
  • Aluminium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide, and lithium carbonate are some of the most regularly utilised alkalis that can cause toxicity. (geeksforgeeks.org)
  • A strong alkali, such as NaOH (sodium hydroxide or caustic soda), on the other hand, releases practically all of its OH - ions in solution. (geeksforgeeks.org)
  • Paper, detergents, and soap are all made with sodium hydroxide. (geeksforgeeks.org)
  • Aqueous solutions are referred to as aqueous ammonia, ammonia solution, and ammonium hydroxide. (cdc.gov)
  • Such aqueous hydroxide solutions were also described by certain characteristic properties. (wikipedia.org)
  • This does include aqueous hydroxides since OH − does react with H + to form water, so that Arrhenius bases are a subset of Brønsted bases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Good separation was achieved using a Waters Acquity ethylene bridged hybrid C18 column with gradient elution using 0.1% (v/v) aqueous ammonium hydroxide and 0.1% ammonium hydroxide in methanol as the mobile phases. (nih.gov)
  • 10632) Ammonium chloride, Puratronic? (lookchem.com)
  • CASRN Chemical Name DTXSID Original SMILES Original InChIKey QSAR Ready SMILES 12125-02-9 Ammonium chloride DTXSID0020078 [NH4+]. (nih.gov)
  • Such compounds include calcium sulfate, silver chloride, and lead hydroxide. (wikibooks.org)
  • Do this with the drop-wise addition of Ammonium Hydroxide (NH4OH) while mixing. (yokogawa.com)
  • Ammonium hydroxide can also release ammonia gas into the air. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Metal oxides , hydroxides, and especially alkoxides are basic, and conjugate bases of weak acids are weak bases. (wikipedia.org)
  • Metal hydroxides and metal oxides are examples of bases that react with acids to produce a neutral result. (geeksforgeeks.org)
  • A base was therefore a metal hydroxide such as NaOH or Ca(OH) 2 . (wikipedia.org)
  • The extract was applied to silica gel plates and developed with a hexane/isopropanol/ammonium hydroxide/water solvent system. (nih.gov)
  • Ammonium acetate solution can be used to study molecular biology, biological buffers, reagents and DNA and RNA purification. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • An example of a slightly soluble substance is calcium hydroxide. (wikibooks.org)
  • This is the solubility constant for calcium hydroxide. (wikibooks.org)
  • We have now determined the K sp value for calcium hydroxide. (wikibooks.org)
  • en] The separation of cerium from rare earths chlorides solutions by precipitation with hydrogen peroxide/air/dil. (iaea.org)
  • Ammonium hydroxide forms when ammonia dissolves in water. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ammonia dissolves readily in water to form ammonium hydroxide a corrosive, alkaline solution at high concentrations. (cdc.gov)
  • [2] These bases do not contain a hydroxide ion but nevertheless react with water, resulting in an increase in the concentration of hydroxide ion. (wikipedia.org)
  • Ammonium hydroxide is a distinct substance combining ammonia and water that has a separate CAS number (1336-21-6). (lion.com)
  • Notice that the hydroxide concentration is doubled because there will be twice as many moles as the undissolved substance. (wikibooks.org)
  • Ammonium acetate solution has also been used in a study to develop a method for the simultaneous determination of aristolochic acids A and B in some Chinese herbals and traditional Chinese patent medicines. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • If ammonium hydroxide is on the skin or in the eyes, flush with lots of water for at least 15 minutes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • If the person swallowed ammonium hydroxide, give them milk or water right away. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The CAS registry considers ammonia and ammonium hydroxide as distinct chemicals, each having a distinct registry number. (lion.com)
  • A facility would report only if the total amount of ammonium hydroxide exceeds the 10,000-pound EPCRA threshold for hazardous chemicals subject to OSHA hazardous communication requirements. (lion.com)
  • DNA was extracted by use of the ammonium hydroxide method ( 7 ). (cdc.gov)
  • Ammonium hydroxide is a colorless liquid chemical solution. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Ammonium acetate solution has been used to study pharmacokinetic analysis of α and β epimers of glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Ammonium hydroxide is found in many industrial products and cleaners. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Other products may also contain ammonium hydroxide and ammonia. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Persons whose clothing or skin is contaminated with liquid ammonium hydroxide can secondarily contaminate response personnel by direct contact or through off-gassing ammonia vapor. (cdc.gov)
  • Ammonia alone (not ammonium hydroxide) can be found in many household items such as detergents, stain removers, bleaches, and dyes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • The hydroxy salt of ammonium ion. (nih.gov)