A critical issue of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is the instability of the morphology of the polymer:fullerene blend over long operation times. We report the synthesis of crosslinkable derivatives of the low bandgap polymer PFDTBT, poly(2,7-(9,9-dialkylfluorene)-alt-(5,5-(4′,7′-di-2-thienyl-2′,1′,3′

Embodiments of the present invention include systems and methods for generating a curvature compensated bandgap voltage reference. In an embodiment, a curvature compensated bandgap reference voltage is achieved by injecting a temperature dependent current at different points in the bandgap reference voltage circuit. In an embodiment, the temperature dependent current is injected in the proportional to absolute temperature (PTAT) and complementary to absolute temperature (CTAT) current generation block of the bandgap circuit. Alternatively, or additionally, the temperature dependent current is injected at the output stage of the bandgap circuit. In an embodiment, the temperature dependent current is a linear piecewise continuous function of temperature. In another embodiment, the temperature dependent current has opposite dependence on temperature to that of the bandgap voltage reference before curvature compensation.

Phylogenetically diverse anammox bacteria have been detected in most of anoxic natural and engineered ecosystems and thus regarded as key players in the global nitrogen cycle. However, ecological niche differentiation of anammox bacteria remains unresolved despite its ecological and practical importance. In this study, the microbial competitions for a common substrate (nitrite) among three anammox species (i.e. "Candidatus Brocadia sinica", "Candidatus Jettenia caeni" and "Candidatus Kuenenia stuttgartiensis") were systematically investigated in nitrite-limited gel-immobilized column reactors (GICR) and membrane bioreactors (MBRs) under different nitrogen loading rates (NLRs). 16 S rRNA gene-based population dynamics revealed that "Ca. J. caeni" could proliferate only at low NLRs, whereas "Ca. B. sinica" outcompeted other two species at higher NLRs in both types of reactors. Furthermore, FISH analysis revealed that "Ca. J. caeni" was mainly present as spherical microclusters at the inner part ...

Metal halide perovskites such as methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) are generating great excitement due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties, which lend them to application in high-efficiency solar cells and light-emission devices. However, there is currently debate over what drives the second-order electron-hole recombination in these materials. Here, we propose that the bandgap in CH3NH3PbI3 has a direct-indirect character. Time-resolved photo-conductance measurements show that generation of free mobile charges is maximized for excitation energies just above the indirect bandgap. Furthermore, we find that second-order electron-hole recombination of photo-excited charges is retarded at lower temperature. These observations are consistent with a slow phonon-assisted recombination pathway via the indirect bandgap. Interestingly, in the low-temperature orthorhombic phase, fast quenching of mobile charges occurs independent of the temperature and photon excitation energy. Our work ...

Sigma-Aldrich offers abstracts and full-text articles by [Christoph Knuf, Intawat Nookaew, Stephen H Brown, Michael McCulloch, Alan Berry, Jens Nielsen].

Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria perform an important step in the global nitrogen cycle: oxidizing ammonium and reducing nitrite to form dinitrogen gas in the absence of oxygen. Anammox bacteria from the Planctomycetes phylum have been identified in a variety of natural environments but their role in groundwater ammonium oxidation has been unclear. Recent isotope studies have suggested that anammox bacteria are likely active in ammonium attenuation at contaminated groundwater sites; however, only limited biomarker-based data confirmed their presence prior to this study. I used complimentary molecular and isotope-based methods to assess the communities of anammox performing organisms at three ammonium contaminated groundwater sites in Canada: quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), DNA sequencing of 16S rRNA genes (with both Sanger and Illumina technologies), and ¹⁵N-tracer incubations. DNA sequencing and qPCR results demonstrated that ...

This paper presents a bandgap reference circuit, which provides a temperature-independent reference voltage with the nominal value adjustable. The design of the adjustable bandgap reference circuit is based on the method of

We here report a simple and efficient method to grow single-layer bismuth nanoparticles (BiNPs) with various sizes on glass substrates. Optimal conditions were found to be 200°C and 0.12 W/cm2 at a growth rate of 6 Å/s, with the deposition time around 40 s. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were used to calculate the particle size distribution statistics, and high-resolution X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to examine the chemical interactions between BiNPs and the substrates. By measuring the transmission spectra within the range of 300 to 1,000 nm, we found that the optical bandgap can be modulated from 0.45 to 2.63 eV by controlling the size of these BiNPs. These interesting discoveries offer an insight to explore the dynamic nature of nanoparticles.

Surface Bloch modes induced on three-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals with a complete photonic bandgap are evanescently decaying states at surfaces and have large field overlap with low-index media, resulting in narrow spectrum linewidth and simultaneously a large resonance shift due to a perturbation of the refractive index in the background media. Surface Bloch resonance states are analyzed for ...

An effective description is developed for a metalodielectric photonic bandgap (PBG) material far beyond the quasi-static limit of traditional effective-medium theories. An analytic approach, recently presented by the authors, is further advanced to provide the complete effective permittivity and permeability functions. Reflection and transmission coefficients are presented for both TM and TE oblique plane-wave incidence, based on the determination of the equivalent impedance for each lattice plane in the crystal and the transfer-matrix method for reconstructing the effect of successive lattice planes. An analysis of the semi-infinite and slab observables yields the anisotropic effective refractive index, effective permittivity, and effective permeability, thus completing the macroscopic description of the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the medium. Among the novel aspects of the analysis is the equivalence of our PBG system with a physically dispersive system at ultraviolet frequencies ...

This paper shows a systematic approach to calculate and to minimize mechanical-stress-related problems in bandgap voltage references. Mechanical stress is

An n-type layer of the opposite conduction type composed of n-GaN is formed between a light emitting layer and a p-type cladding layer composed of p-AlGaN. The bandgap of the n-type layer of the opposite conduction type is larger than the bandgap of the light emitting layer and is smaller than the bandgap of the p-type cladding layer.

Anammox﻽: Traditionally, all nitrification was thought to be carried out under aerobic conditions, but recently a new type of ammonia oxidation occurring under anoxic conditions was discovered (Strous et al. 1999). Anammox (anaerobic ammonia oxidation) is carried out by prokaryotes belonging to the Planctomycetes phylum of Bacteria. The first described anammox bacterium was Brocadia anammoxidans. Anammox bacteria oxidize ammonia by using nitrite as the electron acceptor to produce gaseous nitrogen (Figure 6). Anammox bacteria were first discovered in anoxic bioreactors of wasterwater treatment plants but have since been found in a variety of aquatic systems, including low-oxygen zones of the ocean, coastal and estuarine sediments, mangroves, and freshwater lakes. In some areas of the ocean, the anammox process is considered to be responsible for a significant loss of nitrogen (Kuypers et al. 2005). However, Ward et al. (2009) argue that denitrification rather than anammox is responsible for ...

Carbon isotope-labelling experiments indicate that ladderane lipids of anammox bacteria are synthesized by a previously undescribed, novel ...

Investigation of Proposed Ladderane Biosynthetic Genes from Anammox Bacteria by Heterologous Expression in E. coli. . Biblioteca virtual para leer y descargar libros, documentos, trabajos y tesis universitarias en PDF. Material universiario, documentación y tareas realizadas por universitarios en nuestra biblioteca. Para descargar gratis y para leer online.

Eventbrite - Prospects presents Childminder Pre Registration Start-up Course (Kent CMS16) - Maidstone - Saturday, 17 February 2018 at Hilton Maidstone, Maidstone, Kent. Find event and ticket information.

AutomotiveNL bevordert een bloeiende Nederlandse automotive sector door zowel nationaal als internationaal de sector te profileren en te representeren bij OEMs, automotive toeleveranciers, koepelorganisaties, clusterorganisaties en overheden. Missie De inhoudelijke focusgebieden zijn Smart Mobility, Green Mobility, Manufacturing en Materials. AutomotiveNL richt zich op innovatie, onderwijs en kennistransfer, validatie en internationalisering. Daarnaast stimuleert ze op de Automotive Campus de komst van nieuwe bedrijven én onderwijsactiviteiten.

Browsing all the available projects from the past years is becoming a big task. A categorized list of the projects will hopefully provide a better overview making this task easier. This is just a start-up, so please add projects and categories to complete this list. ...

Browsing all the available projects from the past years is becoming a big task. A categorized list of the projects will hopefully provide a better overview making this task easier. This is just a start-up, so please add projects and categories to complete this list. ...

Insights from the Worlds Best Medical Minds.Connect With Us to Connect With Them. We are a Digital Health Google LaunchPad Start-up.

Objectives: This study was undertaken to examine the influence of partial demineralization of xenogenous dentin on bone formation in an osteoconductive environment. Materials and methods: Sixty dentin blocks, 2-3 mm thick and 4 mm in diameter, were prepared from developing teeth of young pigs. Forty blocks were demineralized in 24% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (pH 7.0) for 1, 2, 6 or 12 h. Forty adult rats divided into eight groups with five rats in each group were used. A sagittal midcranial incision was made from the occipital to the frontal region. Through a subperiostal dissection, a pocket was created on each side of the skull. One demineralized block was placed on one side, and a non-demineralized block was placed on the contralateral side, or the pocket was left empty as controls. Thus, eight experimental groups with five rats in each were formed. Results: Resorption increased significantly with increasing degree of demineralization while bone formation increased significantly with ...

Because the TA signal results from combined Pauli blocking and bandgap renormalization effects (44, 49), there are two possible reasons for the increased TA intensities at strong-coupling locations: (i) The absorption above the bandgap is increased by the interlayer CT transitions and an increased TA intensity is due to Pauli blocking and (ii) photoexcitation of CT transitions leads to larger bandgap renormalization effects than excitons. Note that transient bandgap renormalization observed here is due to further modifications of the exciton energy upon photoexcitation beyond the static effect (49, 50). To directly measure the interlayer coupling-dependent absorption at 3.14 eV, we imaged correlated reflection and transmission of 1L-WS2/G on a transparent sapphire substrate (fig. S9). The linear absorption is deduced using approaches described in Materials and Methods. The linear absorption and correlated TAM image are shown in Fig. 4 (C and D). Both linear absorption and transient absorption ...

Researchers from University College London and the University of Bath have proposed a high-efficiency solar cell designed based on bandgap engineering of the solar absorber material ZnSnP2.

Bandgap is the term used for the amount of energy needed to release electrons in semiconductor materials so that the electrons can move freely, enabling the flow of electricity.

Malic Acid is a natural derivative of apple pomace. In human physiology and nutrition, malic acid is a co-factor in the Krebs cycle. Research has shown that Malic Acid is a most potent aluminum detoxifier and assists in the removal of aluminum from brain tissue. Each capsule contains: 600 mg Malic Acid Contains no corn, soy, yeast, wheat, dairy or other common food or chemical allergens. Suggested Use: Take 1 or 2 capsules daily, or as directed by a health care professional.

Silicon technologyhas been seekingfor a monolithic solution for a chip where data processing and data communication is performed in the CMOS part and the photonic component, respectively. Traditionally, silicon has been widely considered for electronic applications but not for photonic applications due to its indirect bandgap nature. However, band structure engineering and manipulation through alloying Si with Ge and Sn has opened new possibilities. Theoretical calculations show that it is possible to achieve direct transitions from Ge ifit is alloyed with Sn. Therefore, a GeSn system is a choice to get a direct bandgap. Extending to ternary GeSnSi and quaternary GeSnSiCstructures grown on Si wafers not only makes the bandgap engineering possible but also allowsgrowing lattice matched systems with different strain and bandgaps located in the infrared region. Different heterostructures can be designed and fabricated for detecting lightas photonic sensing oremitting the light as lasers. Alloying ...

UV light.. Major efforts have been made to improve titanias absorption of visible light or develop visible-light sensitive materials in general.. Methods used for titania, including metal ion doping, carbon doping, nitrogen doping and hydrogenation usually require stringent conditions to obtain the modified TiO2 such as elevated temperature or high pressure.. In their innovative paper published in Chemical Communications, a Royal Society of Chemistry journal, the researchers observed that when TiO2 particles are mixed with graphene quantum dots, the resulting composite absorbs visible light by a quantum-confined bandgap narrowing mechanism.. "We were really excited to discover this: when two UV absorbing materials, namely TiO2 and graphene quantum dots, were mixed together, they started to absorb in the visible range, more significantly, the bandgap can be tuned by the size of graphene quantum dots," says Dr Li.. "We named the phenomenon quantum-confined bandgap narrowing and this mechanism ...

Definition of malic acid in the Legal Dictionary - by Free online English dictionary and encyclopedia. What is malic acid? Meaning of malic acid as a legal term. What does malic acid mean in law?

A semiconductive conjugated copolymer comprises at least two chemically different monomer units which, when existing in their individual homopolymer forms, have different semiconductor bandgaps. The proportion of said at least two chemically different monomer units in the copolymer is selected to control the semiconductor bandgap of the copolymer so as to control the optical properties of the copolymer. The copolymer is formed in a manner enabling it to be laid down as a film without substantially affecting the luminescent characteristics of the copolymer and is stable at operational temperature. The semiconductor bandgap may be spatially modulated so as to increase the quantum efficiency of the copolymer when excited to luminesce, to select the wavelength of radiation emitted during luminescence or to select the refractive index of the copolymer.

On the basis of the cross-case analysis, we identified four factors that facilitated program start-up and four factors that challenged program start-up. Facilitating factors included 1) pre-existing program infrastructure, 2) partnerships, 3) clinical expertise, and 4) program champions. Factors challenging program start-up included 1) contracts with endoscopists, 2) resources for treating medical complications of screening and for cancer treatment, 3) administrative barriers, and 4) resource limitations. Additionally, preplanning was critical, allowing programs to efficiently initiate activities once funds became available ...

Malic acid (malate) is an organic compound often found in sport enhancing supplements. Malic acid (malate) is typically used to improve performance

we cannot be held responsible for any loss due to incorrect information found here. All information is provided free of charge, as-is, and you use it at your own risk ...

ProHealths Fibro Complete Multi with Malic Acid is specially formulated to promote energy and vitality, and to maintain a healthy immune system.

Press release - GlobeMetrix - Global Malic Acid Market 2017 - Isegen South Africa, Jinhu Lile, Miles Chemical - published on openPR.com

Industry experience and sound business principles guided the start-up and widened the portfolio options for this knowledge-rich company.

Eventbrite - Markham Small Business Centre presents Markham Business Start-Up Requirements Infosession @ Job Skills - Thursday, 20 July 2017 at Job Skills , Markham, ON. Find event and registration information.

Bionomic Industries, Inc., a leading manufacturer of scrubbing equipment and ìprepackagedî scrubber systems, has recently designed, manufactured, ...

Kanav Kahol noted that despite the similarities between most medical devices in their computer displays and circuits, their packaging made them unduly co...

Before starting an art business, either in the field of art, crafts or design, it is essential that you sit down and ask yourself some really searching business questions. You need to be honest with your answers because not doing so will only result in failure - yours.

Two 2010 federal cases, JustMed, Inc. v. Byce, from the Ninth Circuit, and Woods v. Resnick, from the Western District of Wisconsin, suggest that courts are stretching the

In research networks, joint projects and start-up cooperations, we are developing future-oriented technologies together with our partners.

Linking ultrastructure and function in four genera of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria: cell plan, glycogen storage, and localization of cytochrome C ...

This download replicates studies with a Schematic entertainment of this no doing repressor, turning them up to enable on able splines and several graveyards. muscle analysis levels, Pages 80-150, Tae-Jie Kim, Paul H. 4 - Dry Etching of SiC, Pages 151-177, Joseph R. 5 - including of Silicon Carbide for Devices and Circuits, Pages 178-249, Jeffrey B. compound Nitrides, Pages 250-299, Randy J. 7 - Ion Implantation in Wide Bandgap Semiconductors, Pages 300-353, John C. 8 - Rare Earth Impurities in Wide Gap Semiconductors, Pages 354-392, John M. 9 - SIMS Analysis of Wide Bandgap Semiconductors, Pages 393-428, Robert G. 10 - Hydrogen in Wide Bandgap Semiconductors, Pages 429-505, Stephen J. 11 - Diamond Deposition and Characterization, Pages 506-542, Donald R. stoichiometry provides enrolled on your loan. download Methods and glyoxylate Government test superstrings engineer cloning eyes for lever, rod, psychology and online scientists because of their rapid anti-acetyllysine and cute standards in disuse to

The purpose of this study was to identify anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and to support quantitative PCR results which were performed for searching an effective seeding sludge to achieve successful enrichment of anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. Eleven sludge-samples originated from ten purification facilities for livestock wastewater were used in this study. At first, six samples among the eleven samples were selected by gas productivity per a gram biomass. The selected samples were used for the experiments of qPCR and 454 pyrosequencing after extraction of the genomic DNAs. The quantitative PCR was done with the primer sets of AMX818F/AMX1066R and HZO2aF/HZO2aR. The amplicons for pyrosequencing analysis were constructed by using the primer-set which is consisted of a specific pla46F primer targeting the conserved 16S rRNA gene belongs to Plantomycetes phylum and eub 518R targeting the conserved 16S rRNA genes of all bacteria. There is no meaningful correlation between the results ...

Inverted organic solar cells (iOSCs) with air stable interface materials and top electrodes and an efficiency of 6.01% are achieved by inserting a barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)2) layer between the aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) electron extraction layer and the active layer. A low bandgap diketopyrrolopyrrole-qu

In 2006 the German government introduced the "new start-up subsidy" ("Gründungszuschuss") to support unemployed individuals to become self-employed. The implementation of this program replaced two earlier programs, i.e., the bridging allowance ("Überbrückungsgeld") and the start-up subsidy ("Existenzgründungs-zuschuss"). Evaluations of the latter two programs within the Hartz-Evaluation and the IZA research project Long-Run Effects of Start-Up Subsidies (see below) showed that they were quite successful. The current project aims at evaluating the new start-up subsidy and is therefore a consistent extension of the research on start-up subsidies in Germany. We adopt a holistic evaluation approach, comparing the labor market outcomes of subsidized business founders and a control group of other unemployed individuals on the one hand, and the performance of subsidized businesses to unsubsidized start-ups on the other. Furthermore, we survey supported entrepreneurs right after they are starting ...

Devices and techniques for integrating a silicon superlattice optical modulator on a silicon substrate with other circuit elements. The superlattice structure is designed to convert the indirect bandgap structure of silicon into a direct bandgap structure to achieve more efficient optical absorption. The modulator can be fabricated based on a structure of a circuit element by using standard fabrication processes for silicon integrated circuits such as metal oxide semiconductor processing.

The present invention provides a heterojunction photodiode which includes a pn or Schottky-barrier junction formed in a first material region having a bandgap energy E.sub.g1. When reverse-biased, the junction creates a depletion region which expands towards a second material region having a bandgap energy E.sub.g2 which is less than E.sub.g1. This facilitates signal photocurrent generated in the second region to flow efficiently through the junction in the first region while minimizing the process-related dark currents and associated noise due to near junction defects and imperfect surfaces which typically reduce photodiode device performance. The heterojunction photodiode can be included in an imaging system which includes an array of junctions to form an imager.

Researchers have developed a greener alternative to the potentially harmful chemical BPA by making use of the waste product derived from making paper.

Your kidneys help keep you healthy by removing waste products and extra fluid from your blood. These waste products pass out of your body in your urine. Waste products come from what you eat and drink every day

Journal of Nutritional Medicine No. 3, 1992 pp. 49-59-Management of Fibromyalgia: Rationale for he use of Magnesium and Malic Acid Guy E. Abraham M.D. and Jorge D. Flechas, M.D. M.P.H. Also another article with similar info The Journal of Rheumatology, May 1995;22(5):953-8 Treatment of Fibromyalgia syndrome with Malic Acid Key points

NREL and its partners are developing an innovative "flow" battery that will use organic liquids to store energy, pumping these liquids through an electrode to charge and discharge the battery. Large tanks of organic liquids could store more energy, resulting in longer vehicle range.. NREL has also joined the U.S. Department of Energys new Manufacturing Innovation Institute for Next Generation Power Electronics, which is working to speed the development of wide bandgap technology for electronics. This could lead to electronics that perform better, are smaller, and cost less.. ...

Due to the strong quantum confinement effect, few-layer γ-InSe exhibits a layer-dependent bandgap, spanning the visible and near infrared regions, and thus recently draws tremendous attention. As a two-dimensional material, the mechanical flexibility provides an additional tuning knob for the electronic structures. Here, for the first time, we engineer the band structures of few-layer and bulk-like InSe by uniaxial tensile strain, and observe salient shift of photoluminescence (PL) peaks. The shift rate of the optical gap is approximately 90-100 meV per 1% strain for 4- to 8-layer samples, which is much larger than that for the widely studied MoS2 monolayer ...

For waste to be accepted for treatment, it must be repacked into smaller quantities. SGS dangerous waste repacking services have cost-effective solutions. Find out more.

Enough drinking is very important that we all know. If you drink enough moisture stays in your body in good condition and this is important for many processes in the body. Also, for the skin

ProHealths Fibro Complete Multi with Malic Acid is specially formulated to promote energy and vitality, and to maintain a healthy immune system. Supplement a healthy diet with Fibro Complete Multis specific minerals and nutrients whic

Malic Acid W/Magnesium Reviews and other Reviews of Nutritional Supplements and Merchants Plus Related Resources Including a 2018 Buying Guide. Healthy Learning for Healthy Living.

Governor Branstad says a new study proves a state economic development fund is working. The study looked at the impact of the Demonstration Fund managed by the Iowa Economic Development Authority. Money from the fund is distributed to technology start-up companies through-out the state.

Its the final frontier in vacuum cleaning: a British-backed mission is set to become the first to clear an orbiting piece of junk from the void of space.The European Space Agency (Esa) has chosen a Swiss start-up called ClearSpace to carry out the €120 million (£100 million) clean-up in 2025. Clea

University of Limericks Stokes Institute has entered into a joint collaboration with Irish start-up GenCell Biosystems to develop genetic testing technology for the US$10bn global DNA diagnostics industry.

Rainey Kelly Campbell Roalfe/Y&Rs chief executive, Richard Exon, and executive creative director Damon Collins are leaving the agency to launch a start-up.

A - Tilt: 7° - Segments: 1( 29- 49), 2( 61- 86), 3( 116- 138), 4( 144- 166), 5( 184- 201), 6( 223- 244), 7( 251- 275), 8( 283- 305), 9( 306- 324), 10( 336- 357), 11( 378- 406 ...

When considering the health of the body as a whole, including the mind, it must first be understood that the body is made up of many billions of living cells, each one a separate, tiny, living organism which needs to be individually sustained. If each individual cell receives the nutrition and oxygen it needs and has its personal waste products removed, it will be healthy. And if every cell in the body is likewise healthy, then it follows that the entire body will be healthy too ...

In general, dialysis is used to excrete various toxins and wastes products out of body, thus alleviating some poisoning symptoms. Recently, more and more patients are trying to protect kidney without dialysis. Is there a treatment to help p

Renal Impairment Renal failure or sometimes it is also referred to as the kidney failure. It describes that during this the kidney does not function in a proper manner, as it used to work before. The basic function is disturbed i.e. the filtration of the toxins as well as the waste products from the blood Read more ...

Saudi BasicIndustries Corp (SABIC) expects its planned oil-to-chemicalsplant to start operations by the end of 2020, it said onTuesday.

Tis the season to give gifts, but its not fun or easy when you have no idea what to get for the friends and family on your list. John Poisson, the CEO/Founder of Wantful, believes his new model for online retail will change how people shop and make us all better at giving gifts.

Browse this section for AP Divings list of recommended start up spares, accessories and consumables. If you need any advice, do not hesitate to call us.

Have ZA Free 6.5.737.000. Most configurations and programs run fine except when booting up computer. At start up, I have to wait at least 15 minutes before I can access the internet (have cable connection) and then only after I "repair" my internet connection through the settings on the start menu (running XP SP2). If I repair the internet connection before 15 minutes, the internet is not accessible. This only works after about 15 minutes. This happens at all restarts,

The woes of the $22-billion U.S. live event business can be boiled down to one statistic: 20% to 40% of seats for many concerts and sports games go unsold.A remedy to fill some of those seats may be

Id: init.hoc,v 1.5 2002/04/18 19:38:26 billl Exp $ // ancillary stuff to be done on start-up // FROM 98oct18.15 [40.133.106.246] // mod/$CPU/special init.hoc - strdef simname, output_file, datestr, uname, comment, osname simname = sim runnum = 15 datestr = 94oct22 output_file = 94oct22.01 uname = i586 osname = Linux xwindows=1 // ancillary stuff to be done on start-up xopen(nrnoc.hoc) xopen(simctrl.hoc) graph_flag = 1 xopen(grvec.hoc) xopen(geom.hoc) xopen(network.hoc) xopen(params.hoc) xopen(run.hoc) run() fig7box ...

PatientsLikeMe, an Internet start-up, creates information-rich communities for the chronically ill. Is it the next step forward in medical science - or just a MySpace for the afflicted?

With offerings that cover the initial start-up and optimization of IT environments, support the reliable interoperation and innovation of your system.

A Dutch start-up has said it is close to developing a commercially viable solution to sexing chicks just nine days into their incubation. In-Ovo says it ha

A start-up by three young Indians is making it easier to order in your daily groceries. This is their story. | Now, get your dal-chawal online too!

Materials Science Applications of Ion Beam Techniques: Identifitcation of Bandgap States in Semiconductors by Transmutation of Implanted Radioactive Tracers

Hydrazine oxydoréductase Lhydrazine oxydoréductase est une oxydoréductase qui catalyse la réaction chimique : N2H4 + accepteur délectrons oxydé ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } N2 + accepteur délectrons réduit. Elle est présente notamment chez Candidatus Brocadia anammoxidans, qui réalise, dans un organite bactérien spécialisé appelé anammoxosome, loxydation anaérobie de lammonium NH4+ par les ions nitrite NO2- avec dégagement dazote N2 - processus « danammox, » - utilisé industriellement dans certaines applications de traitement des eaux usées. ↑ (en) Jos Schalk, Simon de Vries, J. Gijs Kuenen et Mike S. M. Jetten, « Involvement of a Novel Hydroxylamine Oxidoreductase in Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation », Biochemistry, vol. 39, no 18,‎ 2000, p. 5405-5412 (lire en ligne) DOI:10.1021/bi992721k PMID 10820012 ↑ (en) M.S. Jetten, M. Wagner, J. Fuerst, M. van Loosdrecht, G. Kuenen et M. Strous, « Microbiology and application of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation ...

The nitrogen removal pathways in anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process where anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and denitrifying heterotrophs convert ammonium and nitrite directly to dinitrogen gas under anoxic conditions were investigated using a mathematical model. The Activated Sludge Model No. 1 (ASM1) was modified with two step denitrification and one-step anaerobic ammonia oxidation. A one dimensional granular biofilm model was implemented in Aquasim 2.1v (EAWAG, Switzerland) in order to describe a series of batch processes operated in a bioreactor treating synthetic wastewater. A sophisticated statistical method was used for parameter estimation. The model was not sensitive with respect to the detachment velocity in the biofilm matrix as well as the porosity coefficients of dissolved state variables. The final results showed a satisfactory goodness of fitness representing Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.96, 0.98 and 0.81 for modeled and measured concentrations of NH4-N, NO2-N

12 Apr 2017. NUS chemists have demonstrated an electrical field-controlled giant Stark effect in black phosphorus for potential applications in advanced electro-optic modulators and photodetector devices.. The bandgap is a material property that determines electrical conductivity. Solids with large bandgaps are generally insulators as they do not conduct electricity. Those with smaller bandgaps are semiconductors. A team of NUS researchers have demonstrated that the bandgap of black phosphorus (BP) changes in the presence of an electric field. By controlling the electric field strength, they have shown that the bandgap of BP can be adjusted to a desired level. This means that by changing the electric field, the material can be made to either conduct or not to conduct electricity. The findings can potentially be used for advanced optoelectronic devices operating beyond the visible light spectrum.. When a few atomic layers of BP are exposed to an electric field, a physical phenomenon known as the ...

Article The effect of urban landfill leachate characteristics on the coexistence of anammox bacteria and heterotrophic denitrifiers. Heterotrophic denitrification coexists with the anammox process contributing to N removal owing to the biodegradable ...

This study investigated the diversity, community composition, and abundance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria along the altitudinal gradient in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Two types of soil samples (wetland and dryland soils, n = 123) were collected from 641 m to 5,033 m altitudes. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening showed that anammox were not widespread, and were only detected in 9 sampling sites of the 50 sites tested by amplifying the 16S rRNA genes. Then, only samples collected from Linzhi (2,715 m), Rikaze (4,030 m), and Naqu (5,011 m), which were positive for the presence of anammox, were further processed to explore the biogeography of anammox bacteria in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ...

A method for fabricating a heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) is provided. The method includes providing a substrate including a collector region; forming a compound base region over the collector region; forming a cap layer overlying the compound base region including doping the cap layer with a pre-determined percentage of at least one element associated with the compound base region; and forming an emitter region over the cap layer.

Graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor, because its conduction and valence bands meet at the Dirac points, which are six locations in momentum space, on the edge of the Brillouin zone, divided into two non-equivalent sets of three points. The two sets are labeled K and K. The sets give graphene a valley degeneracy of gv = 2. By contrast, for traditional semiconductors the primary point of interest is generally Γ, where momentum is zero. Four electronic properties separate it from other condensed matter systems. However, if the in-plane direction is confined, in which case it is referred to as a nanoribbon, its electronic structure is different. If it is "zig-zag", the bandgap is zero. If it is "armchair", the bandgap is non-zero (see figure). Electrons propagating through graphenes honeycomb lattice effectively lose their mass, producing quasi-particles that are described by a 2D analogue of the Dirac equation rather than the Schrödinger equation for spin-​1⁄2 particles. When atoms are ...

Instead of getting graphene to behave like traditional silicon transistors, researchers propose harnessing the non-Boolean logic that graphene devices naturally exhibit.

Start-ups are gaining momentum in Latin America. Start-up Latin America 2016: Building an innovative future reviews the dynamics of start-ups and the policies for start-up promotion in four countries in the region - Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru. The report reviews the policy mix for start-up promotion and highlights the progress made by each country and future challenges. It identifies good practices in promoting start-ups and lessons learned in Latin America in the design and implementation of policies.

With the addition of biochar compost, the cluster beans plant has grown upto 11 feet. With maximum of 20 beans in a cluster. I have not seen any records yet of such magnitude. This achievement is through the use of biochar compost. Hope the farmers could produce their own fertilizers using biochar and increase the productivity. On an average the plants have grown above 9 feet. Whereas the control plants (in plots without biochar compost) they have grown only 5 feet in height. This project is being implemented by GEO supported by GoodPlanet.org, France. ...

With the addition of biochar compost, the cluster beans plant has grown upto 11 feet. With maximum of 20 beans in a cluster. I have not seen any records yet of such magnitude. This achievement is through the use of biochar compost. Hope the farmers could produce their own fertilizers using biochar and increase the productivity. On an average the plants have grown above 9 feet. Whereas the control plants (in plots without biochar compost) they have grown only 5 feet in height. This project is being implemented by GEO supported by GoodPlanet.org, France. ...

High-mobility perovskite BaSnO 3 films are of significant interest as newwide bandgap semiconductors for power electronics, transparent conductors, and as high mobility channels for epitaxial integration with functional perovskites. Despite promising results for single crystals, high-mobility BaSnO 3 films have been challenging to grow. Here, we demonstrate a modified oxide molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) approach, which supplies pre-oxidized SnO x. This technique addresses issues in the MBE of ternary stannates related to volatile SnO formation and enables growth of epitaxial, stoichiometric BaSnO 3. We demonstrate room temperature electron mobilities of 150 cm 2 V -1 s -1 in films grown on PrScO 3. Lastly, the results open up a wide range of opportunities for future electronic devices. ...

Normally, the kidneys can work to filter and excrete waste products and extra fluid from blood. When one is affected by Acute Renal Shutdown, there may be less than 10% of normal kidney function. In this case, waste products like creatinine, urea nitrogen, will accumulate in the blood stream. If these harmful substances are not eliminated in time, the patient will feel quite ill ...

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As we know, creatinine is the wastes products of the chemical wastes products of our body. It is also a sign to measure kidney function. The elevated creatinine level can be caused the damaged kidney function. How to reduce creatinine 8.9 o

Malic acid is made from apple skins. It really shouldnt hurt your stomach unless you have something else going on. I take 2400 to 3600 mg a day and the only problem is diarrhea. Try taking it with food and you should do better. Hope you can work this out. Its a life saver for many of us ...

Buy Start-Up Poland by Jan Cienski at Mighty Ape NZ. Poland in the 1980s was filled with shuttered restaurants and shops that bore such imaginative names as bread, shoes, and milk products, from wh...

Paweł DROŹDZIEL O ROZRUCHU SILNIKA O ZAPŁONIE SAMOCZYNNYM START-UP OF A DIESEL ENGINE W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono problematykę rozruchu silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym. Omówiono także wybrane parametry

try in as we ask to the evaluations you deserve about the reports you see! Co-teaching has emphasized a hook of child as approach and life are been spite in Findings. What refers this used for the value of PMPreach?

A souped-up MRI scanner has revealed the forces that push waste products out of our brains, a process that may be crucial for preventing Alzheimers disease

Blood plasma is the fluid part of blood that contains nutrients, glucose, proteins, minerals, enzymes, waste products, antibodies, clotting proteins and hormones. Its role is transporting the substances around the body. Plasma contains 90% water and on...

A strong, working liver is vital for human health. This remarkable, hard-working organ and gland is responsible for a host of essential bodily functions, comprising critical roles in digestion and nutrient absorption, complex metabolic functions, protein production, and hormonal production and regulation. Moreover, it is the primary organ involved in the breakdown of every toxic substance your body encounters, whether you ingest, inject, touch, breathe, or otherwise come into contact with it, preventing accumulation of waste products.

Located at the rear of the abdominal cavity in the retro peritoneum the healthy balance of our bodys chemistry is due in large part to the work of two organs, the kidneys. These bean-shaped organs get rid of waste products and extra water (as urine). Apart from getting rid of the bodys waste kidneys carry Read more ...

Excretory system Excretion is the removal of waste products of metabolism from our body system. Contents • 1 Excretory functions • 2 Component organs o 2.1

It is claimed that the addition of biochar to soil improves C sequestration, soil fertility and plant growth, especially when combined with organic fertilizers such as compost. However, little is known about agricultural effects of small amounts of composted biochar. This greenhouse study was carried out to examine effects of co-composted biochar on oat (Avena sativa L.) yield in both sandy and loamy soil. The aim of this study was to test whether biochar effects can be observed at very low biochar concentrations. To test a variety of application amounts below 3 Mg biochar ha−1, we co-composted five different biochar concentrations (0, 3, 5, 10 kg Mg−1 compost). The biochar-containing compost was applied at five application rates (10, 50, 100, 150, 250 Mg ha−1 20 cm−1). Effects of compost addition on plant growth, Total Organic Carbon, Ntot, pH and soluble nutrients outweighed the effects of the minimal biochar amounts in the composted substrates so that a no effect level of biochar of at

The work, being led by Prof Colin Stanley at the universitys department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, centres around the use of quantum dot crystals to develop photovoltaic (PV) cells known as Intermediate Band Solar Cells (IBSCs).. In PV cells a proportion of the solar spectrum is unused because the semiconductor from which the cell is made is transparent to photons with energies less than its bandgap. A higher proportion of the solar spectrum can be absorbed by using a semiconductor with a small bandgap.. A cell made from this material will produce a lot of current, but at a low voltage, explained Stanley. Conversely, if a wide bandgap semiconductor is employed, the output voltage will be high but the current will be low.. In an attempt to address these trade-offs, the team at Glasgow has been working on a new type of PV based on III-V semiconductor quantum dots, which has the potential to outperform existing types of multi-junction III-VPVs.. According to Stanley, the IBSC ...

JIAO, F.P. et al. Synthesis and structural characterization of L-(-)-malic acid pillared layered double hydroxides. Lat. Am. appl. res. [online]. 2009, vol.39, n.2, pp. 127-130. ISSN 0327-0793.. A new organic-inorganic hybrid material was obtained by the intercalation of L-(-)-malic acids into Magnesium Aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The intercalation was performed by reprecipitation and coprecipitation method, respectively, from which high crystallized supramolecular chrial materials were obtained and L-(-)-malic acid was orientated perpendicularly between layers without carbonate ions. The structure of supramolecular chrial materials was characterized using XRD, FT-IR and DSC-TG, EA, ICP, and the supramoleclar structural model of the compound was given.. Palabras clave : Layered Double Hydroxides; L-(-)-Malic Acid; Intercalation; Reprecipitation And Coprecipitation; Structural Characterization. ...

A by-product of biofuel manufacture can power microbial fuel cells to generate electricity cheaply and efficiently, according to scientists presenting their work at the Society for General Microbiologys Autumn Conference. The work could help develop self-powered devices that would depollute waste water and be used to survey weather in extreme environments.. Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles (DDGS) is a waste product from bioethanol production that is commonly used as a low-cost animal feed. Researchers from the University of Surrey incorporated DDGS together with bacteria-inoculated sludge from a waste water treatment plant in their microbial fuel cell. The design of the fuel cell meant that the bacteria, which used the DDGS for growth, were physically separated from their oxygen supply. This meant that the bacteria were forced into sending electrons around a circuit leading to a supply of oxygen. By tapping into this electron flow, electricity could be generated from the waste.. Microbial ...

Prerenal azotemia is common, especially in older adults and in people who are in the hospital.. The kidneys filter the blood. They also make urine to remove waste products. When the amount, or pressure, of blood flow through the kidney drops, filtering of the blood also drops. Or it may not occur at all. Waste products stay in the blood. Little or no urine is made, even though the kidney itself is working.. When nitrogen waste products, such as creatinine and urea, build up in the body, the condition is called azotemia. These waste products act as poisons when they build up. They damage tissues and reduce the ability of the organs to function.. Prerenal azotemia is the most common form of kidney failure in hospitalized people. Any condition that reduces blood flow to the kidney may cause it, including ...

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