Aminosalicylic Acids
Mesalamine
Aminosalicylic Acid
Sulfasalazine
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Enema
Phenylhydrazines
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Proctitis
Delayed-Action Preparations
Suppositories
Medicated dosage forms that are designed to be inserted into the rectal, vaginal, or urethral orifice of the body for absorption. Generally, the active ingredients are packaged in dosage forms containing fatty bases such as cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil, or glycerogelatin that are solid at room temperature but melt or dissolve at body temperature.
Azathioprine
Gastrointestinal Agents
6-Mercaptopurine
Sulfanilamides
Colon
Administration, Rectal
Salicylates
Tablets, Enteric-Coated
Crohn Disease
A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.
Colitis
Tablets
Anti-Ulcer Agents
Prednisolone
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Double-Blind Method
Intestines
Ileum
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Pregnancy
The systemic load and efficient delivery of active 5-aminosalicylic acid in patients with ulcerative colitis on treatment with olsalazine or mesalazine. (1/215)
BACKGROUND: There have been reports of nephrotoxic reactions in patients with ulcerative colitis treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) preparations. AIM: To compare the efficacy in delivery of active 5-ASA to the colon and the systemic load as the basis for potential long-term toxicity during treatment with olsalazine or mesalazine in patients with ulcerative colitis in remission. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with ulcerative colitis were treated with olsalazine or mesalazine, each for 7 days in an open, randomized, crossover design study. 5-ASA and acetyl-5-ASA (Ac-5-ASA) in plasma and urine were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The plasma concentration of 5-ASA was 1.2 +/- 0.1 micromol/L (mean +/- S.E.M.) for olsalazine and 8.0 +/- 1.9 micromol/L for mesalazine, while the plasma concentration of Ac-5-ASA was 2.8 +/- 0.2 micromol/L for olsalazine and 10.8 +/- 1.6 micromol/L for mesalazine. The amount of 5-ASA excreted in the urine was 68 +/- 30 micromol/24 h for olsalazine and 593 +/- 164 micromol/24 h for mesalazine. The amount of Ac-5-ASA in the urine was 1260 +/- 102 micromol/24 h for olsalazine and 3223 +/- 229 micromol/24 h for mesalazine. The urinary recovery of total 5-ASA plus Ac-5-ASA (as a percentage of the given dose) was 23 +/- 2.1% for olsalazine and 39 +/- 3.6% for mesalazine. The ratio between the plasma concentrations of mesalazine and olsalazine differed significantly both for 5-ASA (5.1) and Ac-5-ASA (3.6); for 5-ASA (9. 9) and Ac-5-ASA (2.6) in urine, and for the urinary recovery of total 5-ASA plus Ac-5-ASA (1.7). Moreover, in the mesalazine group there was a large variation in the individual plasma concentrations of 5-ASA and Ac-5-ASA, with maximal values 5-6-fold higher than that in the olsalazine group. CONCLUSION: The systemic load of active 5-ASA is significantly higher for mesalazine than for olsalazine, when based on the dosages given and when calculated on an equimolar basis. Some of the patients in the mesalazine group showed unexpected high levels of plasma and urinary 5-ASA concentrations, a finding which may have long-term safety implications. (+info)Antioxidant effects of aminosalicylates and potential new drugs for inflammatory bowel disease: assessment in cell-free systems and inflamed human colorectal biopsies. (2/215)
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease may be related to its antioxidant properties. AIM: To compare in vitro the antioxidant effects of conventional drugs (5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, metronidazole), with new aminosalicylates (4-aminosalicylic acid, balsalazide) and other potential therapies (ascorbate, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, verapamil). METHODS: Compounds were assessed for efficacy in reducing the in vitro production of reactive oxygen species by cell-free systems (using xanthine/xanthine oxidase, with or without myeloperoxidase) and by colorectal biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis using luminol-amplified chemiluminescence. RESULTS: 5-aminosalicylic acid and balsalazide were more potent antioxidants than 4-aminosalicylic acid or N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in cell-free systems. 5-aminosalicylic acid (20 mM) and balsalazide (20 mM) inhibited rectal biopsy chemiluminescence by 93% and 100%, respectively, compared with only 59% inhibition by 4-aminosalicylic acid (20 mM). Hydrocortisone, metronidazole and verapamil had no significant effect on chemiluminescence in any system. Ascorbate (20 mM) inhibited chemiluminescence by 100% in cell-free systems and by 60% in rectal biopsies. N-acetyl cysteine (10 mM), and both oxidized and reduced glutathione (10 mM), completely inhibited chemiluminescence in cell-free systems, but not with rectal biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidant effects of compounds varies between cell-free systems and inflamed colorectal biopsies. The effect of drugs on the chemiluminescence produced by these two assay systems is useful for screening potentially new antioxidant treatments for inflammatory bowel disease. Ascorbate seems worth further study as a novel therapy. (+info)Review article: the efficacy of infliximab in Crohn's disease--healing of fistulae. (3/215)
In the management of fistulae, the current therapeutic approach is the use of a combination of antibiotics and/or a combination of immunomodulatory agents. However, clinicians treating patients with fistulae, particularly those with fistulizing Crohn's disease, have little data from controlled clinical trials of these pharmacologic agents or regimens to substantiate their use in treating this complication. Therapy with the anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha antibody, infliximab, has shown promise in treating patients with Crohn's disease and those with the disease complicated by fistulae. A recent clinical trial was designed specifically to evaluate infliximab in the treatment of fistulizing Crohn's disease. Study results demonstrated infliximab to be the first therapeutic agent to show statistical efficacy in fistulae closure in a placebo-controlled trial. Therapy with the chimeric monoclonal antibody was characterized by a rapid onset of closure and a lasting benefit of action. Two patient cases from the clinical trial are presented to exemplify the dramatic effectiveness of this novel therapeutic approach in modulating the immune response of patients with this debilitating complication of Crohn's disease. (+info)Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of UR-12746, a novel 5-ASA conjugate, on acute and chronic experimental colitis in the rat. (4/215)
The present study was undertaken to investigate the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of UR-12746 on the acute and chronic stages of a trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS) experimental model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in the rat. UR-12746 is a novel, locally-acting compound which combines, through an azo bond, 5-aminosalicylic (5-ASA) and UR-12715, a potent platelet activating factor (PAF)-antagonist. UR-12746 oral pretreatment of colitic rats (50 and 100 mg kg(-1)) reduced acute colonic damage when evaluated 2 days after colonic insult. Postreatment for 4 weeks with UR-12746 (50 and 100 mg kg(-1)) resulted in a faster recovery of the damaged colonic mucosa, which was macroscopically significant from the third week. The intestinal anti-inflammatory effect of UR-12746 was associated with a decrease in leukocyte infiltration in the colonic mucosa, which was evidenced both biochemically, by a reduction in myeloperoxidase activity, and histologically, by a lower leukocyte count after morphometric analysis. This effect was higher than that seen with sulphasalazine, when assayed at the same doses and in the same experimental conditions. Several mechanisms can be involved in the beneficial effects showed by UR-12746: inhibition of leukotriene B(4) synthesis in the inflamed colon, improvement of the altered colonic oxidative status, and reduction of colonic interleukin-1beta production. The results suggest that the intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of UR-12746 can be attributed to the additive effects exerted by 5-ASA and UR-12715, the PAF antagonist compound, that are released in the colonic lumen after reduction of the azo bond by the intestinal bacteria. (+info)Minimal renal dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease is related to disease activity but not to 5-ASA use. (5/215)
BACKGROUND: Conflicting data exist about proteinuria in inflammatory bowel diseases. It is still unclear whether the occurrence of proteinuria in inflammatory bowel disease patients is an extra-intestinal manifestation of disease or the result of adverse effects to medication, especially to aminosalicylates (ASA). METHODS: A total of 95 patients (51 with Crohn's disease and 44 with ulcerative colitis) were enrolled in the study. Disease activity was assessed by Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) or the Truelove index, respectively. Urine was collected over 24 h and protein excretion of specific marker proteins for tubular (alpha 1-microglobulin-alpha 1-MG) and glomerular (albumin-Alb, Immunoglobulin G-IgG) dysfunction was measured using a highly sensitive immunoluminometric assay. RESULTS: Out of 51 Crohn's disease patients, 20 showed elevated urinary alpha 1-MG. The amount of alpha 1-MGuria was strongly correlated to the CDAI (r=0.6, P < 0.001). Only four Crohn's disease patients showed slightly elevated values for glomerular proteins in urine. Similar results were obtained for ulcerative colitis: whereas only two ulcerative colitis patients showed albuminuria, tubular proteinuria was detected in 28 out of 44 ulcerative colitis patients. Proteinuria was strongly dependent on disease activity (P < 0.01) but was not related to ASA treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Proteinuria of tubular marker proteins occurs in the majority of inflammatory bowel disease patients and is related to disease activity rather than to ASA treatment. Tubular proteinuria seems to reflect a renal extra-intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease and may serve as a new relevant marker of disease activity. (+info)NO-mesalamine protects colonic epithelial cells against apoptotic damage induced by proinflammatory cytokines. (6/215)
The activation of a self-amplifying cascade of caspases, of which caspase-8 is the apical protease, mediates Fas-, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-, and TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in colon cell lines. Nitric oxide (NO) protects from apoptosis induced by Fas and TNF-alpha. We examined whether NCX-456, an NO-releasing derivative of mesalamine, protects colon epithelial cells from cytokine-induced apoptosis. Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines express death factor receptors and are driven to apoptosis in response to incubation with Fas-agonistic antibody, TNF-alpha/interferon-gamma, and TRAIL. The two novel observations reported here are that 1) cotreatment of cells with NCX-456, but not mesalamine, resulted in concentration-dependent protection against death factor-induced apoptosis and inhibition of caspase activity, and 2) exposure to dithiothreitol, an agent that effectively removes NO from thiol groups, resulted in a 70% recovery of caspase activity, which is consistent with S-nitrosation as a major mechanism for caspase inactivation. These data suggest that caspase S-nitrosation represents a mechanism for protection of colonic mucosal epithelial cells from death factor-induced death. (+info)Olsalazine is not superior to placebo in maintaining remission of inactive Crohn's colitis and ileocolitis: a double blind, parallel, randomised, multicentre study. (7/215)
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The benefit of 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy for maintenance of remission in Crohn's disease is controversial. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic properties of olsalazine in comparison with placebo for maintenance of remission in quiescent Crohn's colitis and/or ileocolitis. METHODS: In this randomised, double blind, parallel group study of olsalazine versus placebo, 328 patients with quiescent Crohn's colitis and/or ileocolitis were recruited. Treatment consisted of olsalazine 2.0 g daily or placebo for 52 weeks. The primary end point of efficacy was relapse, as defined by the Crohn's disease activity index (CDAI) and by clinical relapse. Laboratory and clinical disease activity indicators were also measured. Safety analysis consisted of documentation of adverse events and laboratory values. RESULTS: No differences in the frequency of termination due to relapse or time to termination due to relapse were noted between the two treatment groups (olsalazine 48.5% v placebo 45%) for either colitis or ileocolitis. The failure rate, defined as not completing the study, was significantly higher in olsalazine treated patients compared with placebo treated patients for the overall population (colitis and/or ileocolitis: olsalazine 65.4% v 53.9%; p=0.038). Similar failure rates were seen for patients with colitis. A significantly higher percentage of olsalazine treated patients experienced adverse gastrointestinal events. Drug attributed adverse events were reported more frequently in the olsalazine treated group with gastrointestinal symptoms being causally related to olsalazine treatment (olsalazine 40.7% v placebo 26.9%; p=0.010). Back pain was reported significantly more often by the placebo treated group. However, serious medical events did not differ between the two groups. Adverse events led to more early withdrawals in the olsalazine treated group than in the placebo treated group; thus average time in the study for patients in the olsalazine treatment group was significantly shorter than that of patients in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients treated with olsalazine were more likely to terminate their participation in the trial than those taking placebo. This difference was not related to relapse of disease, as measured by CDAI and clinical measures, but rather was due to the development of intolerable adverse medical events of a non-serious nature related to the gastrointestinal tract. The gastrointestinal related events in the olsalazine treated group may be due to the difference in gastrointestinal status at baseline which favoured the placebo treatment group. (+info)Review article: balsalazide therapy in ulcerative colitis. (8/215)
Balsalazide is a 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) pro-drug which has an inert carrier molecule instead of the sulfapyridine moiety of sulfasalazine. It is designed to deliver 5-aminosalicylic acid to the colonic mucosa without the sulfapyridine-associated side-effects encountered with sulfasalazine. Several studies have confirmed the efficacy and patient tolerance of balsalazide. When compared to mesalazine at equivalent doses, it induced symptomatic and complete remission of acute ulcerative colitis in a greater proportion of patients. In particular, patients with resistant left-sided disease were shown to have a higher probability of achieving remission. Balsalazide was beneficial in patients with troublesome nocturnal symptoms. It has a similar efficacy in maintaining remission when compared to sulfasalazine and mesalazine. The advantage of balsalazide over other 5-aminosalicylic acid compounds is its superior patient tolerability with minimal side-effects. (+info)
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Aminosalicylic acid
3-Aminosalicylic acid 4-Aminosalicylic acid (para-aminosalicylic acid, PAS) 5-Aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) 6-Aminosalicylic ... Aminosalicylic acid can refer to any amino derivative of salicylic acid, such as: ... acid This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you ...
4-Aminosalicylic acid
... has many names including para-aminosalicylic acid, p-aminosalicylic acid, 4-ASA, and simply P.[medical ... 4-Aminosalicylic acid is believed to work by blocking the ability of bacteria to make folic acid. 4-Aminosalicylic acid was ... 4-Aminosalicylic acid, also known as para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and sold under the brand name Paser among others, is an ... With heat, aminosalicylic acid is decarboxylated to produce CO2 and 3-aminophenol. 4-aminosalicylic acid has been shown to be a ...
Salicylic acid
... is used in the production of other pharmaceuticals, including 4-aminosalicylic acid, sandulpiride, and ... acetylsalicylic acid) or methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) with a strong acid or base. Upon heating, salicylic acid ... Aminosalicylic acid is used to induce remission in ulcerative colitis, and has been used as an antitubercular agent often ... Salicylic acid has long been a key starting material for making acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid ...
Salicylamide
4-Aminosalicylic acid Mesalazine Salsalate "Salicylamide". Dictionary.com. Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary. Merriam- ...
Sasanka Chandra Bhattacharyya
"4-Aminosalicylic acid and its derivatives. Part II. The synthesis of 4-amino-2 : 5- and 4-amino-2 : 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid". J ... S. C. Bhattacharyya, B. Lythgoe (12 February 1949). "Triterpene Acids". Nature. 163 (4137): 259. Bibcode:1949Natur.163..259B. ... 105 (1). S. C. Bhattacharyya, B. Lythgoe (12 February 1949). "Triterpene Acids". Nature. 163 (4137): 259. Bibcode:1949Natur.163 ...
Ulcerative colitis
Murray A, Nguyen TM, Parker CE, Feagan BG, MacDonald JK (August 2020). "Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission ... Murray A, Nguyen TM, Parker CE, Feagan BG, MacDonald JK (August 2020). "Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission ... Marshall JK, Thabane M, Steinhart AH, Newman JR, Anand A, Irvine EJ (November 2012). "Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for ... In 1977, it was shown that 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, mesalazine/mesalamine) was the therapeutically active component in ...
Dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor
They include sulfonamides, dapsone, and para-aminosalicylic acid. In bacteria, antibacterial sulfonamides act as competitive ... Folate is necessary for the cell to synthesize nucleic acids (nucleic acids are essential building blocks of DNA and RNA), and ...
Codrug
Sulfasalazine - sulfapyridine chemically linked to 5-aminosalicylic acid coupled with an azo linkage. It is on the World Health ... Codrug of butyric acid and ATRA, Codrug of ATRA and histone deacetylase inhibitors, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cytarabine (Ara-C ... esterified paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid Fenethylline - amphetamine chemically linked with theophylline Lisdexamfetamine ... with an amide linkage formed by the condensation of dextroamphetamine with the carboxylate group of the essential amino acid L- ...
Solute carrier family 38 member 9
"New genetic biomarkers predicting azathioprine blood concentrations in combination therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid". PLOS ... Lysosomal amino acid transporter SLC38A9 signals arginine sufficiency to mTORC1". Science. 347 (6218): 188-94. doi:10.1126/ ... Jung J, Genau HM, Behrends C (July 2015). "Amino Acid-Dependent mTORC1 Regulation by the Lysosomal Membrane Protein SLC38A9". ... "SLC38A9 is a component of the lysosomal amino acid sensing machinery that controls mTORC1". Nature. 519 (7544): 477-81. Bibcode ...
Irritable bowel syndrome
There is increasing evidence for the effectiveness of mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) in the treatment of IBS. Mesalazine is ... Klotz U (February 2012). "The pharmacological profile and clinical use of mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid)". Arzneimittel- ... Bile acid malabsorption is also sometimes missed in people with diarrhea-predominant IBS. SeHCAT tests suggest around 30% of ... A similar syndrome is found in rats (Rattus spp.). In rats a short-chain fatty acid receptor is involved. Karaki et al., 2006 ...
N-acetyltransferase
Human NAT1 preferentially acetylates 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), 4 amino salicylic acid, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfanilamide. ... Polymorphisms of NAT2 include the single amino acid substitutions R64Q, I114T, D122N, L137F, Q145P, R197Q, and G286E. These are ... of their amino acid sequence. Both also have an active site cysteine residue (Cys68) in the N-terminal region. Further, all ...
Thioacetazone
These were found in a treatment combining conteben with PAS acid p-amino-salicylic acid. Thiosemicarbazide John Buckingham (2 ... and p-Amino-Salicylic Acid". Acta Medica Scandinavica. 143 (5): 323-335. doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1952.tb14267.x. PMID 12976024 ... although it is thought to interfere with mycolic acid synthesis. One of the documented adverse effects of thioacetazone is the ...
Lloyd Mayer
Murphy, Seamus Joseph; Mayer, Lloyd; Abreu, Maria T. (January 2011). "Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) therapy well tolerated ...
Sulfasalazine
It is a codrug which is a combination of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid coupled with an azo linkage. In people with ... The medication is broken down by intestinal bacteria into sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid. That which is absorbed is ... also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid or 5-ASA). Both metabolites are active; most of the sulfapyridine is absorbed and then ... Hernández-Díaz, Sonia; Werler, Martha M.; Walker, Alexander M.; Mitchell, Allen A. (2000). "Folic Acid Antagonists during ...
Catenin
"The influence of 5-aminosalicylic acid on the progression of colorectal adenomas via the β-catenin signaling pathway". ...
Niacin test
The niacin test strip is typically composed of potassium thiocyanate, chloramine-T, citric acid, and 4-Aminosalicylic acid. In ... Because lab samples that are determined to be acid-fast bacilli are possibly M. tuberculosis, a biosafety level 3 organism, all ... The niacin test detects niacin (nicotinic acid) in aqueous extracts of a culture. M. tuberculosis strains that test negative ... the presence of citric acid, chloramine-T and potassium thiocyanate will react to form cyanogen chloride. This chemical will ...
Indian hospital
In 1956, Charles Camsell Indian Hospital in Edmonton used its patients to test versions of para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS); they ...
Balsalazide
... releases mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid, or 5-ASA, in the large intestine. Its advantage over that ... That product is then treated with nitrous acid to give the diazonium salt. Reaction of this species with salicylic acid ... Starting material is 4-aminohippuric acid, obtained by coupling para-aminobenzoic acid and glycine. ...
University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
In 1957 when Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic acid were used for prolonged chemotherapy surgery was no longer needed for TB ...
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Three new antibiotic drugs were introduced to the cure for tuberculosis in 1947: Streptomycin, Para-amino Salicylic Acid, and ...
Rifampicin
4-Aminosalicylic acid (another antituberculosis drug) significantly reduces absorption of rifampicin, and peak concentrations ... Cluster I is amino acids 509 to 533, cluster II is amino acids 563 to 572, and cluster III is amino acid 687. When describing ... Charity JC, Katz E, Moss B (March 2007). "Amino acid substitutions at multiple sites within the vaccinia virus D13 scaffold ... A change in amino acid 531 from serine to leucine arising from a change in the DNA sequence of TCG to TTG is the most common ...
Management of ulcerative colitis
The anti-inflammatory action in all these drugs is produced by 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), the active ingredient in ... The aminosalicylates used to treat ulcerative colitis include the following: Mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid, ... "MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil, alpha-linolenic acid". Archived from the original on May 18, ... Folic acid might also be counter-productive for patients taking 6-MP and related drugs that inhibit all cell division. It is ...
Aminosalicylate
The class includes among others: 4-Aminosalicylic acid Balsalazide Olsalazine Sulfasalazine Mesalazine (5-Aminosalicylic acid) ...
History of tuberculosis
Para-aminosalicylic acid, discovered in 1946, was used in combination with Streptomycin to reduce the emergence of drug ...
Mesalazine
... , also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a medication used to treat inflammatory bowel disease ... Salicylic acids, AbbVie brands, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company brands, Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate). ...
Jörgen Lehmann
... was a Danish-born Swedish physician and chemist best known for his discovery in the 1940s that para-amino salicylic acid (PAS) ...
Paser (disambiguation)
... including the author of the Paser Crossword Stela 4-Aminosalicylic acid, an antibiotic sold by Jacobus Pharmaceutical under the ...
Frederick Bernheim
... a discovery which was used by Jorgen Lehman in his development of para-aminosalicylic acid as the first synthetic anti- ...
Collagenous colitis
Other medications that can be used are the following: Bismuth agents, including Pepto-Bismol 5-aminosalicylic acid ...
C7H7NO3
The molecular formula C7H7NO3 may refer to: Aminosalicylic acids 4-Aminosalicylic acid Mesalazine 3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid o- ... Nitroanisole 3-Nitrobenzyl alcohol Salicylhydroxamic acid This set index page lists chemical structure articles associated with ...
Urine test strip
... p-amino salicylic acid, sulphonamide, methyldopa, procaine and chlorpromazine. The test should be carried out at room ... 1) In an acid medium Para-arsanilic acid or sulphanilamide + NO− 2 → Diazonium salt 2) In an acid medium Diazonium salt + ... 1) Reaction catalysed by leukocyte esterase Indolecarboxylic acid ester → Indoxyl + Acid 2) In acid medium Indoxyl + Diazonium ... The proportions are 78% beta-hydroxybutyric acid, 20% acetoacetic acid and 2% acetone. The test used in the urine test strips ...
Ramanbhai Patel
Para-amino salicylic acid in 1957, and Neuroxin-12, a single-vial mixture of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, in 1959. ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
... α Clofazimineα Cycloserineα Delamanidα Ethionamideα Levofloxacinα Linezolidα Meropenemα Moxifloxacinα P-aminosalicylic acidα ... Ferrous salt Ferrous salt/folic acid (ferrous salt + folic acid) Folic acid Hydroxocobalamin Erythropoiesis-stimulating agentsα ... Moxifloxacin Pyrazinamide Rifabutin Rifampicin Rifapentine Amikacinα Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid ... Ethosuximideα Valproic acid (sodium valproate)α Albendazole Ivermectin Levamisole Mebendazole Niclosamide Praziquantel Pyrantel ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
... p-aminosalicylic acid) For patients with RR-TB or MDR-TB, "not previously treated with second-line drugs and in whom resistance ... Amino acid replacements in the NADH binding site of InhA apparently result in INH resistance by preventing the inhibition of ... Mutation in the rpoB gene changes the sequence of amino acids and eventual conformation of the beta subunit. In this case ... "Early Bactericidal Activity of Amoxicillin in Combination with Clavulanic Acid in Patients with Sputum Smear-positive Pulmonary ...
List of MeSH codes (D02)
... salicylic acids MeSH D02.241.511.390.700.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.241.511.390.700.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic acid ... salicylic acids MeSH D02.755.410.700.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.755.410.700.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic acid MeSH ... salicylic acids MeSH D02.241.223.100.380.800.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.241.223.100.380.800.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic ... quinic acid MeSH D02.241.511.852 - shikimic acid MeSH D02.241.511.902 - sugar acids MeSH D02.241.511.902.107 - ascorbic acid ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children
... α Clofazimineα Cycloserineα Delamanidα Ethionamideα Levofloxacinα Linezolidα Meropenemα Moxifloxacinα P-aminosalicylic acidα ... Pyrazinamide Rifampicin Rifapentine Amikacinα Amoxicillin/clavulanic acidα (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) Bedaquiline ... Ethosuximideα Valproic acid (sodium valproate)α Albendazole Ivermectin Levamisole Mebendazole Niclosamide Praziquantel Pyrantel ... clavulanic acid) Ampicillin Benzathine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillin Cefalexin Cefazolin Chloramphenicol Clindamycin ...
Isopar
... may refer to: Isopar, a formulation of the anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid & para-amino salicylic acid Isopar, short ...
Tuberculosis management
... p-aminosalicylic acid); or, it may have toxic side-effects (e.g., cycloserine); or it may be effective, but unavailable in many ...
Cidofovir
... aminosalicylic acid, etc.) are also withheld. Its active metabolite, cidofovir diphosphate, inhibits viral replication by ...
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid --
United States
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid -- United States Since April 1992, CDC has distributed streptomycin ... Until further notice, CDC will continue to supply para-aminosalicylic acid under a separate IND agreement. ... Additional information concerning streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic acid is available from CDCs Drug Service, Scientific ...
Pediatric Crohn Disease Medication: 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivatives, Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants, Monoclonal...
5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivatives. Class Summary. 5-ASA derivatives are used to treat mild-to-moderate Crohn disease and to ... Akobeng AK, Gardener E. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohns Disease. Cochrane ... Agent classes used include 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) derivatives, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, biologic ... Mesalamine inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism and interferes with ...
Detection of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (5-ASA) in Rectal Mucosal Biopsies | Clinical Science | Portland Press
Paser (aminosalicylic acid) dose, indications, adverse effects, interactions... from PDR.net
Aminosalicylic acid is bacteriostatic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been postulated that aminosalicylic acid ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ...
Aminosalicylic Acids - McMaster Experts
Putting Rectal 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Its Place: The Role in Distal Ulcerative Colitis Academic Article ... Criteria of purity and stability of the sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). 3. Coloration of water solutions. Diagram ... Purity criteria and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). IV. Effect of impurities on the stability. ... Purity criteria and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). V. Effect of impurities on the stability. ...
Pneumotox » Drug » Mesalazine-Mesalamine-5-aminosalicylic acid-5-ASA » V.b - Eosinophilic pleural effusion
4-Aminosalicylic Acid | CRO Laboratories
4-Aminosalicylic Acid. Synonyms. 4-Amino-2-hydroxy-benzoic Acid; 3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyaniline; 4-ASA; 4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic ... Para-aminosalicylic Acid; Paramycin; Parasal; Parasalicil; Parasalindon; Pasa; Pasalon; Pasara; Pasem; Paser; Pasmed; Pasnodia ... Acid; 4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyaniline; Amino-PAS; Apacil; Apas; Deapasil; Entepas; Gabbropas; Monopass; NSC 2083; NSC 211698; ...
Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis
Clinical trial for Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis. ... Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Trial ... Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized Crossover Trial ... Amino Acids in Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis N/A. ...
Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children
Para-aminosalicylic Acid. Para-aminosalicylic acid is a bacteriostatic antituberculosis drug. The usual therapeutic dose is ... Para-aminosalicylic Acid. Ethionamide. Cycloserine. Capreomycin. Kanamycin. Thiacetazone. POTENTIALLY EFFECTIVE DRUGS THAT HAVE ... aminosalicylic acid is rapidly excreted. The delayed release granules should be given with acidic food or drink, such as orange ... hypersensitivity Para-aminosalicylic acid Tablets: 500 mg, 1 g 150 mg/kg, PO 12 g Gastrointestinal Hepatic enzymes Bulk powder ...
Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid<...
Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. J. Drug ... Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. In: J. ... Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. / ... title = "Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid", ...
Results of search for 'su:{p-Aminosalicylic acid}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
4-Aminosalicylic Acid - DOAJ - Summarized by Plex.page | Research | Summarization
Synthesis of a novel PEGylated colon-specific azo-based 4- aminosalicylic acid prodrug. Objective: 4-aminosalicylic acid is an ... propenoic acid. The structures of the co-crystalline adducts of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with 4-aminosalicylic acid, the 1:1 ... Crystal structures and hydrogen bonding in the co-crystalline adducts of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with 4-aminosalicylic acid and ... A microporous hydrogel was developed making use of salt alginate and 4-aminosalicylic acid. Additonal carboxyl and hydroxyl ...
5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6) | Chemical Effects in Biological Systems
Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. Study 759488 Summary ... 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS). Research Triangle Park, NC (USA): National ... Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (89-57-6) in Micronucleus Study 805434 in B6C3F1 Mice Summary and ... An overview of Genetic Toxicology Mammalian Cell Cytogenetics study conclusions related to 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). ...
Folic acid - test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. ... Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. ... Aminosalicylic acid. *Birth control pills. *Estrogens. * ... Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. ... Folic acid helps form red blood cells and produce DNA that stores genetic codes. Taking the right amount of folic acid before ...
Current and future treatments for irritable bowel syndrome associated with diarrhea - Mayo Clinic
Mast cell stabilizers and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Gastroenteritis precedes IBS-D in about 25 percent of people. Two anti ... Bile acid binders. Roughly 30 percent of people with IBS-D have diagnosed bile acid malabsorption, and for this subset of ... and bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, which may stimulate serotonin (5-HT) release and increase colonic permeability and ... bile acid sequestration may relieve the cholerrheic effect of bile acids. Some evidence suggests that certain genetic variants ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Oxidation of red cell glutathione and haemoglobin by stored enteric coated para-amino salicylic acid
Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. | Eur J Pharm Sci;156: 105599, 2021 Jan...
Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid- ... 4-aminosalicylic acid; Co-crystal; Hansen solubility parameters; Multi-drug; Polymorph; Sulfamethazine ... There have been two reported polymorphic forms of the 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystals. These forms were found ...
Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity: Clinical Assessment - Evaluation | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
Human acetyltransferase polymorphisms
IMSEAR at SEARO: Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino...
The present work carries an analytical method development of prednisolone and 5- amino salicylic acid in tablet dosage form. ... Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in ... Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in ... absorption ratio method for the simultaneous determination of the prednisolone and 5-amino salicylic acid. Both the drugs are ...
Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy Medication: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, 5...
Listing of Drugs Currently Regulated as New Drugs (The New Drugs List) - Canada.ca
Aminocaproic Acid. Aminoglutethemide. Aminophylline. suppository, oral modified release preparation. Aminosalicylic Acid (5-). ... Amino acids are present in a protein configuration are not considered to be drugs; only when isolated and present as a single ... This substance, an omega-3 fatty acid, is present in fish oil and other food substances. It is to be regarded as a new drug ... Amino Acids. [Tryptophan, Arginine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Lysine, Carnitine, Methionine (other than Lipotropic ...
Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment During Pregnancy, Treatment in Children
Para-aminosalicylic acid Successful MDR-TB treatment is more likely in association with such factors as lower prior patient ... Direct nucleic acid amplification testing improves TB diagnosis. Medscape Medical News. June 6, 2013. [Full Text]. ... Numerous acid-fast bacilli (pink) from a bronchial wash are shown on a high-power oil immersion. ... Guideline] Updated guidelines for the use of nucleic acid amplification tests in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. MMWR Morb ...
Synera (Lidocaine and Tetracaine): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
dapsone, nitrofurantoin, para-aminosalicylic acid, sulfonamides. Antimalarials. chloroquine, primaquine. Anticonvulsants. ... SYNERA is also contraindicated in patients with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) hypersensitivity and in patients with a known ... Primary metabolites of tetracaine include para-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol, both of which have an unspecified ... primarily alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. At much higher plasma concentrations (1 to 4 mcg/mL of free base) the plasma protein ...
Sulfasalazine - Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Overdose, Pregnancy, Alcohol | RxWiki
However, oral sulfasalazine inhibits the absorption and metabolism of folic acid which may interfere with folic acid ... folic acid. This is not a complete list of sulfasalazine drug interactions. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. ... Aminosalicylic acid and similar agents. Side Effects of Sulfasalazine. Back to Top ... supplementation and diminish the effect of periconceptional folic acid supplementation that has been shown to decrease the risk ...
Salicylic acid5
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in Tablet Dosage form. (who.int)
- The present work carries an analytical method development of prednisolone and 5- amino salicylic acid in tablet dosage form. (who.int)
- The method is based upon Q - absorption ratio method for the simultaneous determination of the prednisolone and 5-amino salicylic acid. (who.int)
- All preparations containing salicylic acid and derivatives are classified in N02BA - Salicylic acid and derivatives, as it is difficult to differentiate between use of salicylates in rheumatic conditions and other therapeutic uses. (whocc.no)
- Salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid). (medscape.com)
Mesalazine4
- Objective: 4-aminosalicylic acid is an isomer of mesalazine that has lately been revealed to be effective against inflammatory digestive tract illness, and extra especially, ulcerative colitis. (plex.page)
- Treatment of the disease includes 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs such as mesalazine at first-line therapy, with a possible association of corticosteroids. (lww.com)
- For example, 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) improves replication fidelity in HCT-116 CRC cells ( 17 , 18 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Mesalazine and sulfasalazine are anti-inflammatory agents from the 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) group which are commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). (npra.gov.my)
Derivatives1
- 5-Aminosalicylic acid derivatives inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and reduce the inflammatory response to tissue injury. (medscape.com)
Folic acid7
- Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. (medlineplus.gov)
- This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
- Your health care provider may tell you to stop taking any drugs that may interfere with test results, including folic acid supplements. (medlineplus.gov)
- This test is done to check for folic acid deficiency . (medlineplus.gov)
- Folic acid helps form red blood cells and produce DNA that stores genetic codes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Taking the right amount of folic acid before and during pregnancy helps prevent neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. (medlineplus.gov)
- Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should take at least 600 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day. (medlineplus.gov)
Sulfasalazine1
- Mechanism of action of sulfasalazine:- The mode of action of Sulfasalazine or its metabolites, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfa. (blogspot.com)
Amikacin2
Synthesis3
- 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and its prodrug, azathioprine, are purine analogues that interfere with protein synthesis and nucleic acid metabolism. (medscape.com)
- LX-1031 is a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor that reduces local 5-HT synthesis and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) excretion. (mayoclinic.org)
- Rifaximin acts by inhibiting RNA synthesis in susceptible bacteria by binding to the beta-subunit of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase enzyme. (blogspot.com)
Metabolites1
- Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, is increased in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon. (pediatriconcall.com)
Sulfamethazine3
- In this research study, high-pressure homogenization and high-power ultrasound were utilized to prepare nano-sized cocrystals of 4-aminosalysilic acid and sulfamethazine in order to develop distinctions in between both techniques in terms of cocrystal dimension, morphology, polymorphic form, and dissolution rate improvement. (plex.page)
- Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. (bvsalud.org)
- There have been two reported polymorphic forms of the 4-aminosalicylic acid - sulfamethazine co-crystals. (bvsalud.org)
Streptomycin2
- Additional information concerning streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic acid is available from CDC's Drug Service, Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, telephone (404) 639-3670. (cdc.gov)
- Isoniazid, a drug known as para-aminosalicylic acid, a derivative of streptomycin. (killtenrats.com)
Pyrazinamide1
- Patients with TB who are receiving pyrazinamide should undergo baseline and periodic serum uric acid assessments, and patients with TB who are receiving long-term ethambutol therapy should undergo baseline and periodic visual acuity and red-green color perception testing. (medscape.com)
Mesalamine3
- Mesalamine inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism and interferes with myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species. (medscape.com)
- The active ingredient in ROWASA® (Mesalamine) Rectal Suspension Enema, a disposable (60 mL) unit, is mesalamine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). (druglib.com)
- Topical mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) inhibits inflammatory processes in UP. (druglib.com)
Acetylsalicylic acid1
- oral preparations containing 80 mg or less per dosage unit and intended for pediatric use or rectal preparations containing 150 mg or less per dosage unit, in package sizes containing no more than 1.92 g of acetylsalicylic acid. (napra.ca)
Inflammatory1
- AST-120 is a preparation consisting of spherical carbon particles that adsorb bacterial toxins, inflammatory mediators and bile acid products and prevent them from entering systemic circulation. (mayoclinic.org)
Oral1
- That oral aminosalicylates (active ingredient 5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) are not an effective treatment option for maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease has been robustly demonstrated. (ueg.eu)
Drugs1
- Gabapentin is a member of the anticonvulsant class of drugs known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) agonists. (killtenrats.com)
Evaluation2
- Kurosaki, Y 1994, ' Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid ', J. Drug Targeting , vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 123-131. (elsevier.com)
- Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
Bacilli2
- Gram-positive, pleomorphic non-spore-forming, non-acid-fast anaerobic or microaerophilic bacilli of the genus Actinomyces and the order Actinomycetales cause actinomycosis. (medscape.com)
- A tuberculin skin test was positive (12 mm), acid-fast bacilli were detected in gastric aspirates, and two sputum cultures were positive for TB. (cdc.gov)
Conclusions1
- An overview of Genetic Toxicology Micronucleus Mice study conclusions related to 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). (nih.gov)
Renal1
- Aminosalicylic acid is contraindicated in patients with end-stage renal disease. (pdr.net)
Malabsorption1
- Roughly 30 percent of people with IBS-D have diagnosed bile acid malabsorption, and for this subset of patients, bile acid sequestration may relieve the cholerrheic effect of bile acids. (mayoclinic.org)
Ester1
- Moreover, NCX-4040 (an NO releasing aspirin, 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid 4-[(nitrooxy)methyl]phenyl ester) can also suppress microsatellite instability ( 19 ) and sensitise human colon cancer cells, cultured in vitro and transplanted in vivo in mice, to oxaliplatin ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Patients2
Gastrointestinal1
- Certain factors that alter gastrointestinal function can contribute to IBS symptoms, including stress, prior gastroenteritis, changes in the gut microbiome, and bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, which may stimulate serotonin (5-HT) release and increase colonic permeability and motility. (mayoclinic.org)
Salt2
- Criteria of purity and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). (mcmaster.ca)
- A microporous hydrogel was developed making use of salt alginate and 4-aminosalicylic acid. (plex.page)
Page1
- Voir page 493 le re´sume´ en franc¸ais. (who.int)
Group1
- A group of 2-hydroxybenzoic acids that can be substituted by amino groups at any of the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-positions. (bvsalud.org)