Aminosalicylic Acids
Mesalamine
Aminosalicylic Acid
Sulfasalazine
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal
Anti-inflammatory agents that are non-steroidal in nature. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, they have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions.They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis accounts for their analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions; other mechanisms may contribute to their anti-inflammatory effects.
Colitis, Ulcerative
Enema
Phenylhydrazines
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Proctitis
Delayed-Action Preparations
Suppositories
Medicated dosage forms that are designed to be inserted into the rectal, vaginal, or urethral orifice of the body for absorption. Generally, the active ingredients are packaged in dosage forms containing fatty bases such as cocoa butter, hydrogenated oil, or glycerogelatin that are solid at room temperature but melt or dissolve at body temperature.
Azathioprine
Gastrointestinal Agents
6-Mercaptopurine
Sulfanilamides
Colon
Administration, Rectal
Salicylates
Tablets, Enteric-Coated
Crohn Disease
A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.
Colitis
Tablets
Anti-Ulcer Agents
Prednisolone
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical
Double-Blind Method
Intestines
Ileum
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant
Tuberculosis resistant to chemotherapy with two or more ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS, including at least ISONIAZID and RIFAMPICIN. The problem of resistance is particularly troublesome in tuberculous OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS associated with HIV INFECTIONS. It requires the use of second line drugs which are more toxic than the first line regimens. TB with isolates that have developed further resistance to at least three of the six classes of second line drugs is defined as EXTENSIVELY DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS.
Antitubercular Agents
Drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. They are divided into two main classes: "first-line" agents, those with the greatest efficacy and acceptable degrees of toxicity used successfully in the great majority of cases; and "second-line" drugs used in drug-resistant cases or those in which some other patient-related condition has compromised the effectiveness of primary therapy.
Pregnancy
Antioxidant effects of aminosalicylates and potential new drugs for inflammatory bowel disease: assessment in cell-free systems and inflamed human colorectal biopsies. (1/65)
BACKGROUND: The therapeutic efficacy of 5-aminosalicylic acid in inflammatory bowel disease may be related to its antioxidant properties. AIM: To compare in vitro the antioxidant effects of conventional drugs (5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, metronidazole), with new aminosalicylates (4-aminosalicylic acid, balsalazide) and other potential therapies (ascorbate, N-acetylcysteine, glutathione, verapamil). METHODS: Compounds were assessed for efficacy in reducing the in vitro production of reactive oxygen species by cell-free systems (using xanthine/xanthine oxidase, with or without myeloperoxidase) and by colorectal biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis using luminol-amplified chemiluminescence. RESULTS: 5-aminosalicylic acid and balsalazide were more potent antioxidants than 4-aminosalicylic acid or N-acetyl-5-aminosalicylic acid in cell-free systems. 5-aminosalicylic acid (20 mM) and balsalazide (20 mM) inhibited rectal biopsy chemiluminescence by 93% and 100%, respectively, compared with only 59% inhibition by 4-aminosalicylic acid (20 mM). Hydrocortisone, metronidazole and verapamil had no significant effect on chemiluminescence in any system. Ascorbate (20 mM) inhibited chemiluminescence by 100% in cell-free systems and by 60% in rectal biopsies. N-acetyl cysteine (10 mM), and both oxidized and reduced glutathione (10 mM), completely inhibited chemiluminescence in cell-free systems, but not with rectal biopsies. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidant effects of compounds varies between cell-free systems and inflamed colorectal biopsies. The effect of drugs on the chemiluminescence produced by these two assay systems is useful for screening potentially new antioxidant treatments for inflammatory bowel disease. Ascorbate seems worth further study as a novel therapy. (+info)A five-year assessment of controlled trials of in-patient and out-patient treatment and of plaster-of-Paris jackets for tuberculosis of the spine in children on standard chemotherapy. Studies in Masan and Pusan, Korea. Fifth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on tuberculosis of the spine. (2/65)
In two centres in Korea 350 patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis of the thoracic and/or lumbar spine were allocated at random: in Masan to in-patient rest in bed (IP) for six months followed by out-patient treatment or to ambulatory out-patient treatment (OP) from the start; in Pusan to out-patient treatment with a plaster-of-Paris jacket (J) for nine months or to ambulatory treatment without any support (No J). All patients recieved chemotherapy with PAS with isoniazid for eighteen months, either supplemented with streptomycin for the first three months (SPH) or without this supplement (PH), by random allocation. The main analysis of this report concerns 299 patients (eighty-three IP, eighty-three OP, sixty-three J, seventy No J; 143 SPH, 156 PH). Pre-treatment factors were similar in both centres except that the patients in Pusan had, on average, less extensive lesions although in a greater proportion the disease was radiographically active. One patient (J/SPH) died with active spinal disease and three (all No J/SPH) with paraplegia. A fifth patient (IP/PH) who died from cardio respiratory failure also had pulmonary tuberculosis. Twenty-three patients required operation and/or additional chemotherapy for the spinal lesion. A sinus or clinically evident abscess was either present initially or developed during treatment in 41 per cent of patients. Residual lesions persisted in ten patients (four IP, two OP, one J, three No J; six SPH, four PH) at five years. Thirty-two patients had paraparesis on admission or developing later. Complete resolution occurred in twenty on the allocated regimen and in eight after operation or additional chemotherapy or both. Of the remaining four atients, all of whom had operation and additional chemotherapy, three died and one still had paraparesis at five years. Of 295 patients assessed at five years 89 per cent had a favourable status. The proportions of the patients responding favourably were similar in the IP (91 per cent) and OP (89 per cent) series, in the J (90 per cent) and No J (84 per cent) series and in the SPH (86 per cent) and PH (92 per cent) series. (+info)Five-year assessment of controlled trials of short-course chemotherapy regimens of 6, 9 or 18 months' duration for spinal tuberculosis in patients ambulatory from the start or undergoing radical surgery. Fourteenth report of the Medical Research Council Working Party on Tuberculosis of the Spine. (3/65)
The five-year assessment of three randomised trials of short course (6, 9 or 18 months) chemotherapy for tuberculosis of the spine is reported. In Hong Kong patients were randomised to isoniazid plus rifampicin (HR) daily for 6 or 9 months, combined with radical surgical resection with bone grafting and streptomycin for 6 months for all patients. In Madras patients were randomised to chemotherapy with HR for 6 or 9 months, or 6 months HR chemotherapy combined with surgical resection. In Korea all patients were ambulatory and were randomised to different regimens of chemotherapy 6 or 9 months HR, or 9 or 18 months isoniazid plus ethambutol. (EH) or isoniazid plus PAS (PH). In all centres the results of the 6- and 9-month regimens of HR were excellent and similar to the 18-month EH and PH regimens. The 9-month EH/PH regimens were clearly inferior. In Hong Kong excellent results were achieved by the radical resection. The disease was however less extensive than in Madras, where the results after surgery were no better than with ambulatory chemotherapy. Chemotherapy is the critical factor in the management of tuberculosis of the spine. Efforts should be concentrated on ensuring that appropriate regimens are given under adequate supervision. (+info)Activity of a new class of isonicotinoylhydrazones used alone and in combination with isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid and clofazimine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (4/65)
The activities of six derivatives of a new class of isonicotinoylhydrazones were investigated in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294, isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis ATCC 35822, rifampicin-resistant ATCC 35838, pyrazinamide-resistant ATCC 35828, streptomycin-resistant ATCC 35820 and 16 clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis. Several compounds showed interesting antimycobacterial activity against both ATCC strains and clinical isolates, but were less active against isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis. Combinations of five isonicotinoylhydrazone derivatives and rifampicin, ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid, isoniazid and clofazimine were also investigated against M. tuberculosis H37Rv ATCC 27294 and against ATCC drug-resistant strains. Addition of sub-MICs of some isonicotinoylhydrazone derivatives resulted in a four- to 16-fold reduction in MICs of ethambutol, para-aminosalicylic acid and rifampicin with fractional inhibitory concentrations (FICs) ranging between 0.17 and 0.37, suggesting a synergic interaction against M. tuberculosis H37Rv. Increased activity was also observed with other combinations (FICs 0.53-0.75), including isoniazid, and a synergic interaction between one of the isonicotinoylhydrazone derivatives and isoniazid (FIC 0.26) was shown against isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis ATCC 35822, whereas no effects were observed on combining the isonicotinoylhydrazones with clofazimine. The ability of isonicotinoylhydrazones to inhibit specifically the growth of M. tuberculosis, the high selectivity index and their ability to enhance the activity of standard antituberculous drugs in vitro indicate that they may serve as promising lead compounds for future drug development for the treatment of M. tuberculosis infections. (+info)Colonic delivery of 4-aminosalicylic acid using amylose-ethylcellulose-coated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose capsules. (5/65)
BACKGROUND: 4-Aminosalicylic acid has the potential for use in the treatment of diseases of the colon. AIM: To assess the feasibility of delivering 4-aminosalicylic acid directly to the colon using a hydroxypropylmethylcellulose capsule coated with a mixture of amylose, a polysaccharide metabolized by bacterial enzymes in the colon, and ethylcellulose. METHODS: Seven healthy male volunteers received, on three separate occasions, an uncoated or amylose-ethylcellulose-coated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose capsule containing 4-aminosalicylic acid Na (550 mg), or an intravenous injection of 4-aminosalicylic acid Na (135 mg). The capsules were radiolabelled with 99mTc to allow their positions in the gastrointestinal tract to be followed using a gamma camera. Plasma and urine samples were collected and assayed for 4-aminosalicylic acid and metabolite concentrations. RESULTS: The uncoated capsules broke down within 10 min in the stomach, allowing rapid and complete absorption of the drug. The coated capsules remained intact in the upper gastrointestinal tract, and had a median gastric emptying time of 61 min (interquartile range, 77 min) and a median colon arrival time of 363 min (interquartile range, 185 min). For the coated capsules, only the metabolite was detected in the plasma and/or urine after the capsules had reached the colon. CONCLUSIONS: The specific coating protected the drug until the capsule reached the colon, where 4-aminosalicylic acid was slowly released and absorbed. Thus, such a formulation has the potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. (+info)Management of tuberculosis in childhood. (6/65)
Statistical evidence documents an overall decrease in incidence of tuberculous infections with continued decline in mortality. Although the number of deaths has decreased in children under 15 years of age, in the city of Los Angeles, the figures suggest a possible increase in total cases during the past two years. Data on 530 cases observed at Los Angeles Children's Hospital from 1934 to 1955 were reviewed with respect to age, race, and mortality under changing methods of management.Available antimicrobial agents are discussed with suggestions for criteria for treatment and for specific treatment schedules. (+info)Effect of aminophenols (5-ASA and 4-ASA) on colonic interleukin-1 generation. (7/65)
The effect of 5-ASA and 4-ASA, drugs used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, on modulation of experimental colitis and on colonic generation of interleukin-1 was evaluated. Three weeks of treatment with 5-ASA or 4-ASA (50 micrograms/kg) and one week of treatment with 5-ASA significantly decreased colonic interleukin-1 generation and the extent and severity of inflammation in a rat model of colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid. Colonic biopsies were obtained from patients with active ulcerative colitis and organ cultured 24 hours in the absence or presence of the following drugs: sulphasalazine, sulphapyridine, 5-ASA and 4-ASA (25-100 micrograms/ml). Interleukin-1 content in tissue cultured in the presence of 5-ASA (100 micrograms/ml) was two-thirds of its content in tissue cultured in drug free medium and its release into the medium was decreased by 50%. Sulphasalazine 50 micrograms/ml significantly decreased by 33% the tissue content but did not affect interleukin-1 release and a higher dose was not more effective. Sulphapyridine and 4-ASA in doses up to 100 micrograms/ml did not affect either interleukin-1 colonic content or its release into the culture medium. We conclude that pharmacological suppression of colonic interleukin-1 generation may be one, although not the sole mechanism to explain the therapeutic efficacy of 5-ASA in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. (+info)Competitive relationship between protocatechuic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid for a cellular transport mechanism. (8/65)
Hubbard, Jerry S. (Oklahoma State University, Stillwater), and Norman N. Durham. Competitive relationship between protocatechuic acid and p-aminosalicylic acid for a cellular transport mechanism. J. Bacteriol. 82:361-369. 1961.-The oxidation of protocatechuic acid by a Flavobacterium is inhibited by p-aminosalicyclic acid regardless of whether the organism is grown on protocatechuic acid or sequentially induced to protocatechuic acid by growth on p-aminobenzoic acid. Depletion of the substrate from the medium by the cell suspension is dependent, within defined limits, on the inhibitor to substrate ratio, and the inhibition can be overcome by addition of excess substrate. However, this competitive effect is not observed in high inhibitor to substrate ratios. p-Aminosalicylic acid did not affect the rate or extent of oxidation, carbon dioxide evolution, or formation of beta-ketoadipic acid during degradation of protocatechuic acid by cell extracts. The results suggest that p-aminosalicylic acid antagonizes the oxidation of protocatechuic acid by the cell suspension by competing with the substrate for a specific transport mechanism, thereby regulating the entry and internal accumulation of the substrate. The lack of a competitive effect in high inhibitor to substrate ratios could be interpreted as an indication that the mechanism for accumulating the substrate may consist of more than one active transport system. (+info)
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Aminosalicylic acid
3-Aminosalicylic acid 4-Aminosalicylic acid (para-aminosalicylic acid, PAS) 5-Aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) 6-Aminosalicylic ... Aminosalicylic acid can refer to any amino derivative of salicylic acid, such as: ... acid This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you ...
4-Aminosalicylic acid
... has many names including para-aminosalicylic acid, p-aminosalicylic acid, 4-ASA, and simply P.[medical ... 4-Aminosalicylic acid is believed to work by blocking the ability of bacteria to make folic acid. 4-Aminosalicylic acid was ... 4-Aminosalicylic acid, also known as para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) and sold under the brand name Paser among others, is an ... With heat, aminosalicylic acid is decarboxylated to produce CO2 and 3-aminophenol. 4-aminosalicylic acid has been shown to be a ...
Salicylic acid
... is used in the production of other pharmaceuticals, including 4-aminosalicylic acid, sandulpiride, and ... acetylsalicylic acid) or methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) with a strong acid or base. Upon heating, salicylic acid ... Aminosalicylic acid is used to induce remission in ulcerative colitis, and has been used as an antitubercular agent often ... Salicylic acid has long been a key starting material for making acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin). Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid ...
Sasanka Chandra Bhattacharyya
"4-Aminosalicylic acid and its derivatives. Part II. The synthesis of 4-amino-2 : 5- and 4-amino-2 : 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid". J ... S. C. Bhattacharyya, B. Lythgoe (12 February 1949). "Triterpene Acids". Nature. 163 (4137): 259. Bibcode:1949Natur.163..259B. ... 105 (1). S. C. Bhattacharyya, B. Lythgoe (12 February 1949). "Triterpene Acids". Nature. 163 (4137): 259. Bibcode:1949Natur.163 ...
Salicylamide
4-Aminosalicylic acid Mesalazine Salsalate "Salicylamide". Dictionary.com. Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary. Merriam- ...
Dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor
They include sulfonamides, dapsone, and para-aminosalicylic acid. In bacteria, antibacterial sulfonamides act as competitive ... Folate is necessary for the cell to synthesize nucleic acids (nucleic acids are essential building blocks of DNA and RNA), and ...
Irritable bowel syndrome
There is increasing evidence for the effectiveness of mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid) in the treatment of IBS. Mesalazine is ... Klotz U (February 2012). "The pharmacological profile and clinical use of mesalazine (5-aminosalicylic acid)". Arzneimittel- ... Bile acid malabsorption is also sometimes missed in people with diarrhea-predominant IBS. SeHCAT tests suggest around 30% of ... A similar syndrome is found in rats (Rattus spp.). In rats a short-chain fatty acid receptor is involved. Karaki et al., 2006 ...
Ulcerative colitis
Murray A, Nguyen TM, Parker CE, Feagan BG, MacDonald JK (August 2020). "Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission ... Murray A, Nguyen TM, Parker CE, Feagan BG, MacDonald JK (August 2020). "Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of remission ... Marshall JK, Thabane M, Steinhart AH, Newman JR, Anand A, Irvine EJ (November 2012). "Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for ... In 1977, it was shown that 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA, mesalazine/mesalamine) was the therapeutically active component in ...
Codrug
Sulfasalazine - sulfapyridine chemically linked to 5-aminosalicylic acid coupled with an azo linkage. It is on the World Health ... Codrug of butyric acid and ATRA, Codrug of ATRA and histone deacetylase inhibitors, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cytarabine (Ara-C ... esterified paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid Fenethylline - amphetamine chemically linked with theophylline Lisdexamfetamine ... with an amide linkage formed by the condensation of dextroamphetamine with the carboxylate group of the essential amino acid L- ...
Solute carrier family 38 member 9
"New genetic biomarkers predicting azathioprine blood concentrations in combination therapy with 5-aminosalicylic acid". PLOS ... Lysosomal amino acid transporter SLC38A9 signals arginine sufficiency to mTORC1". Science. 347 (6218): 188-94. doi:10.1126/ ... Jung J, Genau HM, Behrends C (July 2015). "Amino Acid-Dependent mTORC1 Regulation by the Lysosomal Membrane Protein SLC38A9". ... "SLC38A9 is a component of the lysosomal amino acid sensing machinery that controls mTORC1". Nature. 519 (7544): 477-81. Bibcode ...
Sulfasalazine
It is a codrug which is a combination of sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid coupled with an azo linkage. In people with ... The medication is broken down by intestinal bacteria into sulfapyridine and 5-aminosalicylic acid. That which is absorbed is ... also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid or 5-ASA). Both metabolites are active; most of the sulfapyridine is absorbed and then ... Hernández-Díaz, Sonia; Werler, Martha M.; Walker, Alexander M.; Mitchell, Allen A. (2000). "Folic Acid Antagonists during ...
N-acetyltransferase
Human NAT1 preferentially acetylates 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), 4 amino salicylic acid, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfanilamide. ... Polymorphisms of NAT2 include the single amino acid substitutions R64Q, I114T, D122N, L137F, Q145P, R197Q, and G286E. These are ... of their amino acid sequence. Both also have an active site cysteine residue (Cys68) in the N-terminal region. Further, all ...
Thioacetazone
These were found in a treatment combining conteben with PAS acid p-amino-salicylic acid. Thiosemicarbazide John Buckingham (2 ... and p-Amino-Salicylic Acid". Acta Medica Scandinavica. 143 (5): 323-335. doi:10.1111/j.0954-6820.1952.tb14267.x. PMID 12976024 ... although it is thought to interfere with mycolic acid synthesis. One of the documented adverse effects of thioacetazone is the ...
Lloyd Mayer
Murphy, Seamus Joseph; Mayer, Lloyd; Abreu, Maria T. (January 2011). "Mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid) therapy well tolerated ...
Balsalazide
... releases mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid, or 5-ASA, in the large intestine. Its advantage over that ... That product is then treated with nitrous acid to give the diazonium salt. Reaction of this species with salicylic acid ... Starting material is 4-aminohippuric acid, obtained by coupling para-aminobenzoic acid and glycine. ...
Rifampicin
4-Aminosalicylic acid (another antituberculosis drug) significantly reduces absorption of rifampicin, and peak concentrations ... Cluster I is amino acids 509 to 533, cluster II is amino acids 563 to 572, and cluster III is amino acid 687. When describing ... Charity JC, Katz E, Moss B (March 2007). "Amino acid substitutions at multiple sites within the vaccinia virus D13 scaffold ... A change in amino acid 531 from serine to leucine arising from a change in the DNA sequence of TCG to TTG is the most common ...
Catenin
"The influence of 5-aminosalicylic acid on the progression of colorectal adenomas via the β-catenin signaling pathway". ...
Niacin test
The niacin test strip is typically composed of potassium thiocyanate, chloramine-T, citric acid, and 4-Aminosalicylic acid. In ... Because lab samples that are determined to be acid-fast bacilli are possibly M. tuberculosis, a biosafety level 3 organism, all ... The niacin test detects niacin (nicotinic acid) in aqueous extracts of a culture. M. tuberculosis strains that test negative ... the presence of citric acid, chloramine-T and potassium thiocyanate will react to form cyanogen chloride. This chemical will ...
Indian hospital
In 1956, Charles Camsell Indian Hospital in Edmonton used its patients to test versions of para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS); they ...
University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
In 1957 when Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic acid were used for prolonged chemotherapy surgery was no longer needed for TB ...
Firland Sanatorium
Three new antibiotic drugs were introduced to the cure for tuberculosis in 1947: Streptomycin, Para-amino Salicylic Acid, and ...
Management of ulcerative colitis
The anti-inflammatory action in all these drugs is produced by 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), the active ingredient in ... The aminosalicylates used to treat ulcerative colitis include the following: Mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid, ... "MedlinePlus Herbs and Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids, fish oil, alpha-linolenic acid". Archived from the original on May 18, ... Folic acid might also be counter-productive for patients taking 6-MP and related drugs that inhibit all cell division. It is ...
Aminosalicylate
The class includes among others: 4-Aminosalicylic acid Balsalazide Olsalazine Sulfasalazine Mesalazine (5-Aminosalicylic acid) ...
History of tuberculosis
Para-aminosalicylic acid, discovered in 1946, was used in combination with Streptomycin to reduce the emergence of drug ...
Mesalazine
... , also known as mesalamine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a medication used to treat inflammatory bowel disease ... Salicylic acids, AbbVie brands, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company brands, Wikipedia medicine articles ready to translate). ...
Jörgen Lehmann
... was a Danish-born Swedish physician and chemist best known for his discovery in the 1940s that para-amino salicylic acid (PAS) ...
Paser (disambiguation)
... including the author of the Paser Crossword Stela 4-Aminosalicylic acid, an antibiotic sold by Jacobus Pharmaceutical under the ...
Ramanbhai Patel
Para-amino salicylic acid in 1957, and Neuroxin-12, a single-vial mixture of vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, in 1959. ...
Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
... p-aminosalicylic acid) For patients with RR-TB or MDR-TB, "not previously treated with second-line drugs and in whom resistance ... Amino acid replacements in the NADH binding site of InhA apparently result in INH resistance by preventing the inhibition of ... Mutation in the rpoB gene changes the sequence of amino acids and eventual conformation of the beta subunit. In this case ... "Early Bactericidal Activity of Amoxicillin in Combination with Clavulanic Acid in Patients with Sputum Smear-positive Pulmonary ...
Isopar
... may refer to: Isopar, a formulation of the anti-tuberculosis drugs isoniazid & para-amino salicylic acid Isopar, short ...
Urine test strip
... p-amino salicylic acid, sulphonamide, methyldopa, procaine and chlorpromazine. The test should be carried out at room ... 1) In an acid medium Para-arsanilic acid or sulphanilamide + NO− 2 → Diazonium salt 2) In an acid medium Diazonium salt + ... 1) Reaction catalysed by leukocyte esterase Indolecarboxylic acid ester → Indoxyl + Acid 2) In acid medium Indoxyl + Diazonium ... The proportions are 78% beta-hydroxybutyric acid, 20% acetoacetic acid and 2% acetone. The test used in the urine test strips ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines
... α Clofazimineα Cycloserineα Delamanidα Ethionamideα Levofloxacinα Linezolidα Meropenemα Moxifloxacinα P-aminosalicylic acidα ... Ferrous salt Ferrous salt/folic acid (ferrous salt + folic acid) Folic acid Hydroxocobalamin Erythropoiesis-stimulating agentsα ... Moxifloxacin Pyrazinamide Rifabutin Rifampicin Rifapentine Amikacinα Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid ... Ethosuximideα Valproic acid (sodium valproate)α Albendazole Ivermectin Levamisole Mebendazole Niclosamide Praziquantel Pyrantel ...
List of MeSH codes (D02)
... salicylic acids MeSH D02.241.511.390.700.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.241.511.390.700.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic acid ... salicylic acids MeSH D02.755.410.700.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.755.410.700.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic acid MeSH ... salicylic acids MeSH D02.241.223.100.380.800.050 - aminosalicylic acids MeSH D02.241.223.100.380.800.050.060 - p-aminosalicylic ... quinic acid MeSH D02.241.511.852 - shikimic acid MeSH D02.241.511.902 - sugar acids MeSH D02.241.511.902.107 - ascorbic acid ...
WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children
... α Clofazimineα Cycloserineα Delamanidα Ethionamideα Levofloxacinα Linezolidα Meropenemα Moxifloxacinα P-aminosalicylic acidα ... Pyrazinamide Rifampicin Rifapentine Amikacinα Amoxicillin/clavulanic acidα (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid) Bedaquiline ... Ethosuximideα Valproic acid (sodium valproate)α Albendazole Ivermectin Levamisole Mebendazole Niclosamide Praziquantel Pyrantel ... clavulanic acid) Ampicillin Benzathine benzylpenicillin Benzylpenicillin Cefalexin Cefazolin Chloramphenicol Clindamycin ...
Tuberculosis management
... p-aminosalicylic acid); or, it may have toxic side-effects (e.g., cycloserine); or it may be effective, but unavailable in many ...
Cidofovir
... aminosalicylic acid, etc.) are also withheld. Its active metabolite, cidofovir diphosphate, inhibits viral replication by ...
Frederick Bernheim
... a discovery which was used by Jorgen Lehman in his development of para-aminosalicylic acid as the first synthetic anti- ...
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid --
United States
Availability of Streptomycin and Para-Aminosalicylic Acid -- United States Since April 1992, CDC has distributed streptomycin ... Until further notice, CDC will continue to supply para-aminosalicylic acid under a separate IND agreement. ... Additional information concerning streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic acid is available from CDCs Drug Service, Scientific ...
Pediatric Crohn Disease Medication: 5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivatives, Corticosteroids, Immunosuppressants, Monoclonal...
5-Aminosalicylic Acid Derivatives. Class Summary. 5-ASA derivatives are used to treat mild-to-moderate Crohn disease and to ... Akobeng AK, Gardener E. Oral 5-aminosalicylic acid for maintenance of medically-induced remission in Crohns Disease. Cochrane ... Agent classes used include 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) derivatives, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, biologic ... Mesalamine inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism and interferes with ...
Detection of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (5-ASA) in Rectal Mucosal Biopsies | Clinical Science | Portland Press
Paser (aminosalicylic acid) dose, indications, adverse effects, interactions... from PDR.net
Aminosalicylic acid is bacteriostatic against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It has been postulated that aminosalicylic acid ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ... of aminosalicylic acid. Lower serum concentrations observed with the delayed release aminosalicylic acid products should result ...
Aminosalicylic Acids - McMaster Experts
Putting Rectal 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Its Place: The Role in Distal Ulcerative Colitis Academic Article ... Criteria of purity and stability of the sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). 3. Coloration of water solutions. Diagram ... Purity criteria and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). IV. Effect of impurities on the stability. ... Purity criteria and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). V. Effect of impurities on the stability. ...
Pneumotox » Drug » Mesalazine-Mesalamine-5-aminosalicylic acid-5-ASA » II.d - Pulmonary edema, cardiogenic
4-Aminosalicylic Acid | CRO Laboratories
4-Aminosalicylic Acid. Synonyms. 4-Amino-2-hydroxy-benzoic Acid; 3-Hydroxy-4-carboxyaniline; 4-ASA; 4-Amino-2-hydroxybenzoic ... Para-aminosalicylic Acid; Paramycin; Parasal; Parasalicil; Parasalindon; Pasa; Pasalon; Pasara; Pasem; Paser; Pasmed; Pasnodia ... Acid; 4-Carboxy-3-hydroxyaniline; Amino-PAS; Apacil; Apas; Deapasil; Entepas; Gabbropas; Monopass; NSC 2083; NSC 211698; ...
Treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis Infection in Adults and Children
Para-aminosalicylic Acid. Para-aminosalicylic acid is a bacteriostatic antituberculosis drug. The usual therapeutic dose is ... Para-aminosalicylic Acid. Ethionamide. Cycloserine. Capreomycin. Kanamycin. Thiacetazone. POTENTIALLY EFFECTIVE DRUGS THAT HAVE ... aminosalicylic acid is rapidly excreted. The delayed release granules should be given with acidic food or drink, such as orange ... hypersensitivity Para-aminosalicylic acid Tablets: 500 mg, 1 g 150 mg/kg, PO 12 g Gastrointestinal Hepatic enzymes Bulk powder ...
Results of search for 'su:{p-Aminosalicylic acid}' › WHO HQ Library catalog
Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis
Clinical trial for Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis. ... Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Trial ... Chronotherapy of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Ulcerative Colitis: A Randomized Crossover Trial ... Amino Acids in Ileal Pouch-anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis N/A. ...
Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid<...
Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. J. Drug ... Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. In: J. ... Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid. / ... title = "Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid", ...
4-Aminosalicylic Acid - DOAJ - Summarized by Plex.page | Research | Summarization
Synthesis of a novel PEGylated colon-specific azo-based 4- aminosalicylic acid prodrug. Objective: 4-aminosalicylic acid is an ... propenoic acid. The structures of the co-crystalline adducts of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with 4-aminosalicylic acid, the 1:1 ... Crystal structures and hydrogen bonding in the co-crystalline adducts of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid with 4-aminosalicylic acid and ... A microporous hydrogel was developed making use of salt alginate and 4-aminosalicylic acid. Additonal carboxyl and hydroxyl ...
Folic acid - test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. ... Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. ... Aminosalicylic acid. *Birth control pills. *Estrogens. * ... Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. ... Folic acid helps form red blood cells and produce DNA that stores genetic codes. Taking the right amount of folic acid before ...
5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6) | Chemical Effects in Biological Systems
Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. Study 759488 Summary ... 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). Chemical Effects in Biological Systems (CEBS). Research Triangle Park, NC (USA): National ... Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid (89-57-6) in Micronucleus Study 805434 in B6C3F1 Mice Summary and ... An overview of Genetic Toxicology Mammalian Cell Cytogenetics study conclusions related to 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). ...
Current and future treatments for irritable bowel syndrome associated with diarrhea - Mayo Clinic
Mast cell stabilizers and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). Gastroenteritis precedes IBS-D in about 25 percent of people. Two anti ... Bile acid binders. Roughly 30 percent of people with IBS-D have diagnosed bile acid malabsorption, and for this subset of ... and bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, which may stimulate serotonin (5-HT) release and increase colonic permeability and ... bile acid sequestration may relieve the cholerrheic effect of bile acids. Some evidence suggests that certain genetic variants ...
IMSEAR at SEARO: Oxidation of red cell glutathione and haemoglobin by stored enteric coated para-amino salicylic acid
Nitrate/Nitrite Toxicity: Clinical Assessment - Evaluation | Environmental Medicine | ATSDR
IMSEAR at SEARO: Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino...
The present work carries an analytical method development of prednisolone and 5- amino salicylic acid in tablet dosage form. ... Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in ... Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in ... absorption ratio method for the simultaneous determination of the prednisolone and 5-amino salicylic acid. Both the drugs are ...
Ankylosing Spondylitis and Undifferentiated Spondyloarthropathy Medication: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, 5...
Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. | Eur J Pharm Sci;156: 105599, 2021 Jan...
Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid- ... 4-aminosalicylic acid; Co-crystal; Hansen solubility parameters; Multi-drug; Polymorph; Sulfamethazine ... There have been two reported polymorphic forms of the 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystals. These forms were found ...
Human acetyltransferase polymorphisms
Listing of Drugs Currently Regulated as New Drugs (The New Drugs List) - Canada.ca
Aminocaproic Acid. Aminoglutethemide. Aminophylline. suppository, oral modified release preparation. Aminosalicylic Acid (5-). ... Amino acids are present in a protein configuration are not considered to be drugs; only when isolated and present as a single ... This substance, an omega-3 fatty acid, is present in fish oil and other food substances. It is to be regarded as a new drug ... Amino Acids. [Tryptophan, Arginine, Ornithine, Phenylalanine, Tyrosine, Lysine, Carnitine, Methionine (other than Lipotropic ...
Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Treatment During Pregnancy, Treatment in Children
Para-aminosalicylic acid Successful MDR-TB treatment is more likely in association with such factors as lower prior patient ... Direct nucleic acid amplification testing improves TB diagnosis. Medscape Medical News. June 6, 2013. [Full Text]. ... Numerous acid-fast bacilli (pink) from a bronchial wash are shown on a high-power oil immersion. ... Guideline] Updated guidelines for the use of nucleic acid amplification tests in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. MMWR Morb ...
Synera (Lidocaine and Tetracaine): Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Interactions, Warning
dapsone, nitrofurantoin, para-aminosalicylic acid, sulfonamides. Antimalarials. chloroquine, primaquine. Anticonvulsants. ... SYNERA is also contraindicated in patients with para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) hypersensitivity and in patients with a known ... Primary metabolites of tetracaine include para-aminobenzoic acid and diethylaminoethanol, both of which have an unspecified ... primarily alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. At much higher plasma concentrations (1 to 4 mcg/mL of free base) the plasma protein ...
Sulfasalazine - Side Effects, Uses, Dosage, Overdose, Pregnancy, Alcohol | RxWiki
However, oral sulfasalazine inhibits the absorption and metabolism of folic acid which may interfere with folic acid ... folic acid. This is not a complete list of sulfasalazine drug interactions. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more information. ... Aminosalicylic acid and similar agents. Side Effects of Sulfasalazine. Back to Top ... supplementation and diminish the effect of periconceptional folic acid supplementation that has been shown to decrease the risk ...
Derivatives1
- 5-Aminosalicylic acid derivatives inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and reduce the inflammatory response to tissue injury. (medscape.com)
Mesalazine4
- Objective: 4-aminosalicylic acid is an isomer of mesalazine that has lately been revealed to be effective against inflammatory digestive tract illness, and extra especially, ulcerative colitis. (plex.page)
- Treatment of the disease includes 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs such as mesalazine at first-line therapy, with a possible association of corticosteroids. (lww.com)
- For example, 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) improves replication fidelity in HCT-116 CRC cells ( 17 , 18 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
- Mesalazine and sulfasalazine are anti-inflammatory agents from the 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) group which are commonly used for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). (npra.gov.my)
Salicylic acid4
- IMSEAR at SEARO: Q-Absorbance Ratio Spectrophotometric Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Prednisolone and 5-Amino Salicylic Acid in Tablet Dosage form. (who.int)
- The present work carries an analytical method development of prednisolone and 5- amino salicylic acid in tablet dosage form. (who.int)
- The method is based upon Q - absorption ratio method for the simultaneous determination of the prednisolone and 5-amino salicylic acid. (who.int)
- Salicylate levels decreased at large doses (d/t increased renal excretion of unchanged salicylic acid). (medscape.com)
Folic acid7
- Folic acid is a type of B vitamin. (medlineplus.gov)
- This article discusses the test to measure the amount of folic acid in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
- Your health care provider may tell you to stop taking any drugs that may interfere with test results, including folic acid supplements. (medlineplus.gov)
- This test is done to check for folic acid deficiency . (medlineplus.gov)
- Folic acid helps form red blood cells and produce DNA that stores genetic codes. (medlineplus.gov)
- Taking the right amount of folic acid before and during pregnancy helps prevent neural tube defects, such as spina bifida. (medlineplus.gov)
- Women who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant should take at least 600 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day. (medlineplus.gov)
Sulfasalazine1
- Mechanism of action of sulfasalazine:- The mode of action of Sulfasalazine or its metabolites, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfa. (blogspot.com)
Ulcerative Colitis1
- 5-Aminosalicylic Acid-induced Myocarditis in a Patient with Atypical Ulcerative Colitis. (pneumotox.com)
Amikacin2
Synthesis3
- 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and its prodrug, azathioprine, are purine analogues that interfere with protein synthesis and nucleic acid metabolism. (medscape.com)
- LX-1031 is a tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor that reduces local 5-HT synthesis and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) excretion. (mayoclinic.org)
- Rifaximin acts by inhibiting RNA synthesis in susceptible bacteria by binding to the beta-subunit of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-dependent ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymerase enzyme. (blogspot.com)
Metabolites1
- Mucosal production of arachidonic acid metabolites, both through the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, is increased in patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease, and it is possible that mesalamine diminishes inflammation by blocking cyclooxygenase and inhibiting prostaglandin production in the colon. (pediatriconcall.com)
Sulfamethazine3
- In this research study, high-pressure homogenization and high-power ultrasound were utilized to prepare nano-sized cocrystals of 4-aminosalysilic acid and sulfamethazine in order to develop distinctions in between both techniques in terms of cocrystal dimension, morphology, polymorphic form, and dissolution rate improvement. (plex.page)
- Solvent dependent 4-aminosalicylic acid-sulfamethazine co-crystal polymorph control. (bvsalud.org)
- There have been two reported polymorphic forms of the 4-aminosalicylic acid - sulfamethazine co-crystals. (bvsalud.org)
Streptomycin2
- Additional information concerning streptomycin or para-aminosalicylic acid is available from CDC's Drug Service, Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, telephone (404) 639-3670. (cdc.gov)
- Isoniazid, a drug known as para-aminosalicylic acid, a derivative of streptomycin. (killtenrats.com)
Pyrazinamide1
- Patients with TB who are receiving pyrazinamide should undergo baseline and periodic serum uric acid assessments, and patients with TB who are receiving long-term ethambutol therapy should undergo baseline and periodic visual acuity and red-green color perception testing. (medscape.com)
Mesalamine3
- Mesalamine inhibits leukotriene biosynthesis via the lipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism and interferes with myeloperoxidase activity and reactive oxygen species. (medscape.com)
- The active ingredient in ROWASA® (Mesalamine) Rectal Suspension Enema, a disposable (60 mL) unit, is mesalamine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA). (druglib.com)
- Topical mesalamine (5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) inhibits inflammatory processes in UP. (druglib.com)
Acetylsalicylic acid1
- oral preparations containing 80 mg or less per dosage unit and intended for pediatric use or rectal preparations containing 150 mg or less per dosage unit, in package sizes containing no more than 1.92 g of acetylsalicylic acid. (napra.ca)
Salt3
- Criteria of purity and stability of sodium salt of p-aminosalicylic acid (PAS). (mcmaster.ca)
- A microporous hydrogel was developed making use of salt alginate and 4-aminosalicylic acid. (plex.page)
- The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid. (bvsalud.org)
Benzoic1
- Moreover, NCX-4040 (an NO releasing aspirin, 2-(acetyloxy)benzoic acid 4-[(nitrooxy)methyl]phenyl ester) can also suppress microsatellite instability ( 19 ) and sensitise human colon cancer cells, cultured in vitro and transplanted in vivo in mice, to oxaliplatin ( 20 ). (spandidos-publications.com)
Inflammatory1
- AST-120 is a preparation consisting of spherical carbon particles that adsorb bacterial toxins, inflammatory mediators and bile acid products and prevent them from entering systemic circulation. (mayoclinic.org)
Oral1
- That oral aminosalicylates (active ingredient 5-aminosalicylic acid [5-ASA]) are not an effective treatment option for maintenance therapy in Crohn's disease has been robustly demonstrated. (ueg.eu)
Drugs1
- Gabapentin is a member of the anticonvulsant class of drugs known as gamma-aminobutyric acid (gaba) agonists. (killtenrats.com)
Evaluation2
- Kurosaki, Y 1994, ' Biopharmaceutical evaluation of salicylazosulfanilic acid as a novel colon-targeted prodrug of 5-aminosalicylic acid ', J. Drug Targeting , vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 123-131. (elsevier.com)
- Genetic Toxicity Evaluation of 5-Aminosalicylic Acid in Salmonella/E.coli Mutagenicity Test or Ames Test. (nih.gov)
Pulmonary1
- N-acetyltransferase genotypes and the pharmacokinetics and tolerability of para-aminosalicylic acid in patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. (cdc.gov)
Bacilli2
- Gram-positive, pleomorphic non-spore-forming, non-acid-fast anaerobic or microaerophilic bacilli of the genus Actinomyces and the order Actinomycetales cause actinomycosis. (medscape.com)
- A tuberculin skin test was positive (12 mm), acid-fast bacilli were detected in gastric aspirates, and two sputum cultures were positive for TB. (cdc.gov)
Conclusions1
- An overview of Genetic Toxicology Micronucleus Mice study conclusions related to 5-Aminosalicylic acid (89-57-6). (nih.gov)
Renal1
- Aminosalicylic acid is contraindicated in patients with end-stage renal disease. (pdr.net)
Malabsorption1
- Roughly 30 percent of people with IBS-D have diagnosed bile acid malabsorption, and for this subset of patients, bile acid sequestration may relieve the cholerrheic effect of bile acids. (mayoclinic.org)
Patients1
- Patients with hepatic disease may not tolerate aminosalicylic acid as well as those without hepatic disease. (pdr.net)
Gastrointestinal1
- Certain factors that alter gastrointestinal function can contribute to IBS symptoms, including stress, prior gastroenteritis, changes in the gut microbiome, and bile acids and short-chain fatty acids, which may stimulate serotonin (5-HT) release and increase colonic permeability and motility. (mayoclinic.org)
Page1
- Voir page 493 le re´sume´ en franc¸ais. (who.int)
Days1
- The clinical condition of the patient was favorable 5 days after treatment with rituximab, solumedrol, tranexamic acid, and eptacog alfa. (lww.com)