Amino Sugars
Amino Acids
Carbohydrates
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylgalactosamine
Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine
Chromatography, Paper
Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)
Monosaccharides
Muramic Acids
Uronic Acids
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Cell Wall
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Pimelic Acids
Carbohydrate Epimerases
Galactose
An aldohexose that occurs naturally in the D-form in lactose, cerebrosides, gangliosides, and mucoproteins. Deficiency of galactosyl-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (GALACTOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYL-TRANSFERASE DEFICIENCY DISEASE) causes an error in galactose metabolism called GALACTOSEMIA, resulting in elevations of galactose in the blood.
N-Acetylneuraminic Acid
Electrophoresis, Paper
Chemistry
Chemical Phenomena
Rhamnose
Mannose
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Amino Acid Substitution
The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.
Mutation
Glucose
Carbohydrate Sequence
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Enzyme Repression
Carbon Isotopes
Cloning, Molecular
Chromatography
Techniques used to separate mixtures of substances based on differences in the relative affinities of the substances for mobile and stationary phases. A mobile phase (fluid or gas) passes through a column containing a stationary phase of porous solid or liquid coated on a solid support. Usage is both analytical for small amounts and preparative for bulk amounts.
Glycoproteins
Sialic Acids
Transaminases
Sugar Alcohols
Oligosaccharides
Isomerases
Chromatography, Gel
Chromatography, Ion Exchange
Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
Lipopolysaccharides
Lipid-containing polysaccharides which are endotoxins and important group-specific antigens. They are often derived from the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria and induce immunoglobulin secretion. The lipopolysaccharide molecule consists of three parts: LIPID A, core polysaccharide, and O-specific chains (O ANTIGENS). When derived from Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharides serve as polyclonal B-cell mitogens commonly used in laboratory immunology. (From Dorland, 28th ed)
Amino Acids, Essential
Amino Acid Sequence
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Glycosaminoglycans
Species Specificity
The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.
Amino Acid Transport Systems
Base Sequence
Culture Media
Any liquid or solid preparation made specifically for the growth, storage, or transport of microorganisms or other types of cells. The variety of media that exist allow for the culturing of specific microorganisms and cell types, such as differential media, selective media, test media, and defined media. Solid media consist of liquid media that have been solidified with an agent such as AGAR or GELATIN.
Aminoglycosides
Chromatography, Thin Layer
Sequence Alignment
The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.
Daunorubicin
Binding Sites
Lipid A
Amino Acid Motifs
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Models, Molecular
Substrate Specificity
Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System
The bacterial sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) that catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to its sugar substrates (the PTS sugars) concomitant with the translocation of these sugars across the bacterial membrane. The phosphorylation of a given sugar requires four proteins, two general proteins, Enzyme I and HPr and a pair of sugar-specific proteins designated as the Enzyme II complex. The PTS has also been implicated in the induction of synthesis of some catabolic enzyme systems required for the utilization of sugars that are not substrates of the PTS as well as the regulation of the activity of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. EC 2.7.1.-.
Sucrose
Bacteria
One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive.
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Fructose
Structure-Activity Relationship
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
DNA, Complementary
Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Biological Transport
Peptide Fragments
Protein Binding
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
DNA
A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine).
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Glycosylation
Restriction Mapping
Saccharum
Alanine
Recombinant Fusion Proteins
Plasmids
Protein Structure, Secondary
Carrier Proteins
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Differential expression of alpha2-6 sialylated polylactosamine structures by human B and T cells. (1/534)
We found that human peripheral B and T cells differed in the surface expression of alpha2-6 sialylated type 2 chain glycans. In contrast to B cells, T cells expressed only sialoglycans with repeated N-acetyllactosamine (Galss1-4GlcNAc) disaccharides. This finding was based on the specificity of the monoclonal antibodies HB6, HB9 (CD24), HD66 (CDw76), FB21, and CRIS4 (CDw76) with the alpha2-6 sialylated model gangliosides IV6NeuAcnLc4Cer (2-6 SPG), VI6NeuAcnLc6Cer (2-6 SnHC), VIII6NeuAcnLc8Cer (2-6 SnOC), and X6NeuAcnLc10Cer (2-6 SnDC). We found that, in addition to their common requirement of an alpha2-6 bound terminal sialic acid for binding, the antibodies displayed preferences for the length of the carbohydrate backbones. Some of them bound mainly to 2-6 SPG with one N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) unit (HB9, HD66); others preferentially to 2-6 SnHC and 2-6 SnOC, with two and three LacNAc units, respectively (HB6 and FB21); and one of them exclusively to very polar alpha2-6 sialylated type 2 chain antigens (CRIS4) such as to 2-6 SnOC and even more polar gangliosides with three and more LacNAc units. These specificities could be correlated with the cellular binding of the antibodies as follows: whereas all antibodies bound to human CD 19 positive peripheral B cells, their reactivity with CD3 positive T cells was either nearly lacking (HD66, HB9), intermediate (about 65%: HB6, FB21) or strongly positive (CRIS4, 95%). Thus, the binding of the antibodies to 2-6 sialylated glycans with multiple lactosamine units appeared to determine their binding to T-cells. (+info)Enzymatic synthesis of alpha3'sialylated and multiply alpha3fucosylated biantennary polylactosamines. A bivalent [sialyl diLex]-saccharide inhibited lymphocyte-endothelium adhesion organ-selectively. (2/534)
Multifucosylated sialo-polylactosamines are known to be high affinity ligands for E-selectin. PSGL-1, the physiological ligand of P-selectin, is decorated in HL-60 cells by a sialylated and triply fucosylated polylactosamine that is believed to be of functional importance. Mimicking some of these saccharide structures, we have synthesized enzymatically a bivalent [sialyl diLex]-glycan, Neu5Acalpha2-3'Lexbeta1-3'Lexbeta1-3'(Neu5Acalpha2-3'Lexbeta1-3Lexbe ta1-6')LN [where Neu5Ac is N-acetylneuraminic acid, Lex is the trisaccharide Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc and LN is the disaccharide Galbeta1-4GlcNAc]. Several structurally related, novel polylactosamine glycans were also constructed. The inhibitory effects of these glycans on two L-selectin-dependent, lymphocyte-to-endothelium adhesion processes of rats were analysed in ex-vivo Stamper-Woodruff binding assays. The IC50 value of the bivalent [sialyl diLex]-glycan at lymph node high endothelium was 50 nm, but at the capillaries of rejecting cardiac allografts it was only 5 nm. At both adhesion sites, the inhibition was completely dependent on the presence of fucose units on the sialylated LN units of the inhibitor saccharide. These data show that the bivalent [sialyl diLex]-glycan is a high affinity ligand for L-selectin, and may reduce extravasation of lymphocytes at sites of inflammation in vivo without severely endangering the normal recirculation of lymphocytes via lymph nodes. (+info)Molecular cloning of a novel alpha2,3-sialyltransferase (ST3Gal VI) that sialylates type II lactosamine structures on glycoproteins and glycolipids. (3/534)
A novel member of the human CMP-NeuAc:beta-galactoside alpha2, 3-sialyltransferase (ST) subfamily, designated ST3Gal VI, was identified based on BLAST analysis of expressed sequence tags, and a cDNA clone was isolated from a human melanoma line library. The sequence of ST3Gal VI encoded a type II membrane protein with 2 amino acids of cytoplasmic domain, 32 amino acids of transmembrane region, and a large catalytic domain with 297 amino acids; and showed homology to previously cloned ST3Gal III, ST3Gal IV, and ST3Gal V at 34, 38, and 33%, respectively. Extracts from L cells transfected with ST3Gal VI cDNA in a expression vector and a fusion protein with protein A showed an enzyme activity of alpha2, 3-sialyltransferase toward Galbeta1,4GlcNAc structure on glycoproteins and glycolipids. In contrast to ST3Gal III and ST3Gal IV, this enzyme exhibited restricted substrate specificity, i.e. it utilized Galbeta1,4GlcNAc on glycoproteins, and neolactotetraosylceramide and neolactohexaosylceramide, but not lactotetraosylceramide, lactosylceramide, or asialo-GM1. Consequently, these data indicated that this enzyme is involved in the synthesis of sialyl-paragloboside, a precursor of sialyl-Lewis X determinant. (+info)Isolation and characterization of linear polylactosamines containing one and two site-specifically positioned Lewis x determinants: WGA agarose chromatography in fractionation of mixtures generated by random, partial enzymatic alpha3-fucosylation of pure polylactosamines. (4/534)
We report that isomeric monofucosylhexasaccharides, Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1- 3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAc, Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 GlcNAc, and bifucosylhexasaccharides Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc, Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 (Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4( Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc can be isolated in pure form from reaction mixtures of the linear hexasaccharide Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1- 3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc with GDP-fucose and alpha1,3-fucosyltransferases of human milk. The pure isomers were characterized in several ways;1H-NMR spectroscopy, for instance, revealed distinct resonances associated with the Lewis x group [Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc] located at the proximal, middle, and distal positions of the polylactosamine chain. Chromatography on immobilized wheat germ agglutinin was crucial in the separation process used; the isomers carrying the fucose at the reducing end GlcNAc possessed particularly low affinities for the lectin. Isomeric monofucosyl derivatives of the pentasaccharides GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1- 4Gl cNAc and Galalpha1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4G lcN Ac and the tetrasaccharide Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc were also obtained in pure form, implying that the methods used are widely applicable. The isomeric Lewis x glycans proved to be recognized in highly variable binding modes by polylactosamine-metabolizing enzymes, e.g., the midchain beta1,6-GlcNAc transferase (Leppanen et al., Biochemistry, 36, 13729-13735, 1997). (+info)Characterization of the substrate specificity of alpha1,3galactosyltransferase utilizing modified N-acetyllactosamine disaccharides. (5/534)
alpha1,3galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3GalT) catalyzes the synthesis of a range of glycoconjugates containing the Galalpha1,3Gal epitope which is recognized by the naturally occurring human antibody, anti-Gal. This enzyme may be a useful synthetic tool to produce a range of compounds to further investigate the binding site of anti-Gal and other proteins with a Galalpha1,3Gal binding site. Thus, the enzyme has been probed with a series of type 2 disaccharide-C8(Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-C8) analogs. The enzyme tolerated acceptors with modifications at C2 and C3 of the N-acetylglucosamine residue, producing a family of compounds with a nonreducing alpha1,3 linked galactose. Compounds that did not serve as acceptors were evaluated as inhibitors. Interestingly, the type 1 disaccharide-C8, Galbeta1-3GlcNAc-C8, was a good inhibitor of the enzyme (Ki = 270 microM vs. Km = 190 microM for Galbeta1-4GlcNAc-C8). A potential photoprobe, based on a modified type 2 disaccharide (octyl 3-amino-3-deoxy-3-N-(2-diazo-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropionyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1, 4)-2-acetamindo-2-deoxy-beta-D-glycopyranoside, (DTFP-LacNAc-C8)), was evaluated as an inhibitor of alpha1,3GalT. alpha1,3GalT bound DTFP-LacNAc-C8 with an affinity (Ki = 300 microM) similar to that displayed by the enzyme for LacNAc-C8. Additional studies were done to determine the enzyme's ability to transfer a range of sugars from UDP-sugar donors. The results of these experiments demonstrated that alpha1,3GalT has a strict specificity for UDP-Gal. Finally, inactivation studies with various amino acid modifiers were done to obtain information on the importance of different types of amino acids for alpha1,3GalT activity. (+info)Effects of egg-adaptation on the receptor-binding properties of human influenza A and B viruses. (6/534)
Propagation of human influenza viruses in embryonated chicken eggs (CE) results in the selection of variants with amino acid substitutions near the receptor-binding site of the hemagglutinin (HA) molecule. To evaluate the mechanisms by which these substitutions enable human virus growth in CE, we studied the binding of 10 human influenza A (H1N1, H3N2) and B strains, isolated and propagated solely in MDCK cells, and of their egg-adapted counterparts to preparations of cellular membranes, gangliosides, sialylglycoproteins, and sialyloligosaccharides. All egg-adapted variants differed from nonadapted strains by increased binding to the plasma membranes of chorio-allantoic (CAM) cells of CE and by the ability to bind to CAM gangliosides. In addition, there was no decrease in affinity for inhibitors within allantoic fluid. These findings indicate that growth of human influenza viruses in CE is restricted because of their inefficient binding to receptors on CAM cells and that gangliosides can play an important role in virus binding and/or penetration. The effects of the egg-adaptation substitutions on the receptor-binding properties of the viruses include (i) enhancement of virus binding to the terminal Sia(alpha2-3)Gal determinant (substitutions in HA positions 190, 225 of H1N1 strains and in position 186 of H3N2 strains); (ii) a decrease of steric interference with more distant parts of the Sia(alpha2-3Gal)-containing receptors (a loss of glycosylation sites in positions 163 of H1 HA and 187 of type B HA); and (iii) enhanced ionic interactions with the negatively charged molecules due to charged substitutions at the tip of the HA [187, 189, 190 (H1), and 145, 156 (H3)]. Concomitantly with enhanced binding to Sia(alpha2-3)Gal-terminated receptors, all egg-adapted variants decreased their affinity for equine macroglobulin, a glycoprotein bearing terminal 6'-sialyl(N-acetyllactosamine)-moieties. (+info)Lipid A modifications characteristic of Salmonella typhimurium are induced by NH4VO3 in Escherichia coli K12. Detection of 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose, phosphoethanolamine and palmitate. (7/534)
Two-thirds of the lipid A in wild-type Escherichia coli K12 is a hexa-acylated disaccharide of glucosamine in which monophosphate groups are attached at positions 1 and 4'. The remaining lipid A contains a monophosphate substituent at position 4' and a pyrophosphate moiety at position 1. The biosynthesis of the 1-pyrophosphate unit is unknown. Its presence is associated with lipid A translocation to the outer membrane (Zhou, Z., White, K. A., Polissi, A., Georgopoulos, C., and Raetz, C. R. H. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 12466-12475). To determine if a phosphatase regulates the amount of the lipid A 1-pyrophosphate, we grew cells in broth containing nonspecific phosphatase inhibitors. Na2WO4 and sodium fluoride increased the relative amount of the 1-pyrophosphate slightly. Remarkably, NH4VO3-treated cells generated almost no 1-pyrophosphate, but made six major new lipid A derivatives (EV1 to EV6). Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization/time of flight mass spectrometry of purified EV1 to EV6 indicated that these compounds were lipid A species substituted singly or in combination with palmitoyl, phosphoethanolamine, and/or aminodeoxypentose residues. The aminodeoxypentose residue was released by incubation in chloroform/methanol (4:1, v/v) at 25 degrees C, and was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shifts and vicinal coupling constants of the two anomers of the aminodeoxypentose released from EV3 closely resembled those of synthetic 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose. NH4VO3-induced lipid A modification did not require the PhoP/PhoQ two-component regulatory system, and also occurred in E. coli msbB or htrB mutants. The lipid A variants that accumulate in NH4VO3-treated E. coli K12 are the same as many of those normally found in untreated Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella minnesota, demonstrating that E. coli K12 has latent enzyme systems for synthesizing these important derivatives. (+info)Role of lactosyl glycan sequences in inhibiting enteropathogenic Escherichia coli attachment. (8/534)
Previously, we found that asialo-lactosamine sequences served as receptors for enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) binding to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In the present report, we have extended these earlier results by examining the ability of lactosamine- or fucosylated lactosamine-bovine serum albumin (BSA) glycoconjugates to inhibit EPEC, strain E2348/69, binding to HEp-2 cells. We found that, consistent with our previous findings with CHO cells, N-acetyllactosamine-BSA was the most effective inhibitor of EPEC localized adherence to HEp-2 cells, with Lewis X-BSA being the next best inhibitor. Further investigation revealed that coincubating EPEC E2348/69 with these BSA glycoconjugates alone caused a decrease in the expression of the bundle-forming pilus structural subunit (BfpA) and intimin by the bacteria. BfpA and intimin expression were reduced to the greatest extent by N-acetyllactosamine-BSA and Lewis X-BSA, respectively. These results suggest that the glycoconjugate inhibition of EPEC binding to HEp-2 cells might be achieved, wholly or in part, by an active mechanism that is distinct from simple competitive antagonism of receptor-adhesin interactions. (+info)
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III Found on Schitosoma mansoni Egg Antigens Functions as Adjuvant for Proteins by Inducing Th2-Type...
CAZy - GT32
CAZy - GT32
5f15 » 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose transferase - Orientations of Proteins in Membranes (OPM) database
Amino sugars metabolism | definition of Amino sugars metabolism by Medical dictionary
Targeting Insulin Amyloid Assembly by Aminosugars and Their Deriv...: Ingenta Connect
arnB - UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose--oxoglutarate aminotransferase - Shewanella sediminis (strain HAW-EB3) - arnB gene &...
Glucosamine Sulfate powder, 16 oz - Herbs Direct
Comparison of the therapeutic index (TI) of aminosugar cardiac glycosides with digoxin (D)<...
Synthesis of 4-Amino-4-Deoxy-L-Arabinose C-Phosphonate Esters as Transferase Inhibitors | EUROCARB 2019
Carbohydrate antigen profiles of human erythroleukemia cell lines HEL and K562 | Blood | American Society of Hematology
Chemo-enzymatic modification of poly-N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) oligomers and N,N-diacetyllactosamine (LacDiNAc) based on...
Cancer-associated glycoforms of gelatinase B exhibit a decreased level of binding to galectin-3 - WestminsterResearch
Patent US4062950 - Amino sugar derivatives - Google Patents
Muramic acid 1114-41-6, Information for Muramic acid 1114-41-6, Suppliers of Muramic acid 1114-41-6
ARDB-Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database
ARDB-Antibiotic Resistance Genes Database
RCSB PDB
- 1MDZ: Crystal structure of ArnB aminotransferase with cycloserine and pyridoxal 5 phosphate Structure...
KEGG T02431: D782 1295
Enzymatic Protein Deglycosylation Kit | Sigma-Aldrich
Sequence Similarity
- 1GX4: ALPHA-,1,3 GALACTOSYLTRANSFERASE - N-ACETYL LACTOSAMINE COMPLEX Sequence Similarity...
Higher Nature - Glucosamine HCL Vegetarian Formula 90s
Glucosamine | Health Benefits and Uses of Glucosamine
Glucosamine Sulfate - Shop By Goal
Natura Joint (Glucosamine HCL)
- Zafina
Sulfo Series
Buy Chloromycetin Online
refined sugar ( Page 3 ) - offers from refined sugar 제조업체, 공급업체, 수출업체, 도매업체 & 유통업체, refined sugar 판매오퍼
Types of sugar
Labor Prof. Dr. Schäkel: Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg
arnB - UDP-4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose--oxoglutarate aminotransferase - Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (strain B728a) - arnB...
Glucosamine « The Joint Bone Journal
Select Publications | Chih-Hao Lees Faculty Website | Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Keratan sulfate: an up-to-date review.
Glucosamine Sulfate - Jo Mar Labs
Anthracyclines | CTD
Pikro 00170 : CDS information --- DoBISCUIT
146 Reasons Why Sugar Is Ruining Your Health | Appleaday-online.com
NO SUGAR why sugar is bad for you, sugar destroys
Sugar | Definition of Sugar by Merriam-Webster
Find a Sugar Daddy in Gisela, AZ | Sugar Daddy For Me
Hersheys Sugar Free Twizzlers at Netrition.com.
0.90/0.90.1 Notes - Sugar Labs
Policy Changes at a Glance: Policy Change Query | APIS - Alcohol Policy Information System
Idiotypic determinants of monoclonal antibodies that bind to 3-fucosyllactosamine. | The Journal of Immunology
Glucosamine Complex 100 Capsules - z-Physique Nutrition
Indre Arna - Wikipedia
Plus it
Buy Now Foods Glucosamine & M.S.M, 180 Caps, 750/250 Mg
L-Glutamine 850mg Capsules
- Supplemented
glucosamine。 - 360比價購物搜
Vitiligo - ARNA CLINIC
How to Sift Powdered Sugar: 10 Steps (with Pictures) - wikiHow
Find a Sugar Daddy in Llano Quemado, NM | Sugar Daddy For Me
5 Tips To Help You Naturally Get Rid Of Your Sugar Addiction For Good
Glucosamine Side Effects - No Serious Issues | Synflex
গুণ আইভিসি সম্পূরক & Glucosamine সম্পূরক উত্পাদক
Glucosamine (ဂလူကိုဆာမင္း) - Hello Sayarwon
unpulverize volipresent crosshand echelonment glucosamine
Doneness
... caramelization of sugars, and the Maillard reaction of amino acids. Raised to a high enough temperature, meat blackens from ...
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 4-epimerase
Kornfeld S, Glaser L (October 1962). "The synthesis of thymidine-linked sugars. v. thymidine diphosphate-amino sugars". The ... This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism. As of late 2007, two structures have been solved for this class of enzymes ...
N-Acetylmuramic acid
Amino sugar Glucosamine. ...
Enema
31, 145, 149, ISBN 978-0-8018-8835-9 Short AR, Bywaters HW (June 1913). "Amino-Acids and Sugars in Rectal Feeding". Br Med J. 1 ... Neither the milk sugars and proteins nor the molasses are absorbed in the lower intestine, thus keeping the water from the ...
Antibody
They have sugar chains (glycans) added to conserved amino acid residues.[4][21] In other words, antibodies are glycoproteins.[4 ... which is found as a terminal sugar on glycosylated cell surface proteins, and generated in response to production of this sugar ... α and γ contain approximately 450 amino acids, whereas μ and ε have approximately 550 amino acids.[2] ... The approximate length of a light chain is 211 to 217 amino acids.[2] Each antibody contains two light chains that are always ...
Small intestine
Products of digestion (sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) are absorbed into the bloodstream here. The suspensory muscle of ... Proteins are degraded into small peptides and amino acids before absorption.[19] Chemical breakdown begins in the stomach and ... Aminopeptidase and dipeptidase free the end amino acid products.. *Lipids (fats) are degraded into fatty acids and glycerol. ... Some carbohydrates are degraded into simple sugars, or monosaccharides (e.g., glucose). Pancreatic amylase breaks down some ...
Hans-Ulrich Reissig
Pfrengle, Fabian; Reissig, Hans-Ulrich (2010). "Amino sugars and their mimetics via 1,2-oxazines". Chem. Soc. Rev. 39 (2): 549- ...
Ferrier rearrangement
Donohoe, Timothy J.; Blades, Kevin; Helliwell, Madeleine (1999). "Synthesis of amino-sugars using the directed dihydroxylation ... With triethylsilane (R'=H), the reaction yields a 2,3-unsaturated deoxy sugar. An analogous reaction with nitrogen as the ...
Alcohol
More complex alcohols however are pervasive, as manifested in sugars, some amino acids, and fatty acids. ... Ethanol is obtained by fermentation using glucose produced from sugar from the hydrolysis of starch, in the presence of yeast ... However, many substances that contain hydroxyl functional groups (particularly sugars, such as glucose and sucrose) have names ...
Cell membrane
... such as sugars or amino acids, must enter the cell, and certain products of metabolism must leave the cell. Such molecules can ... The penultimate sugar is galactose and the terminal sugar is sialic acid, as the sugar backbone is modified in the Golgi ... amino acids and sugars). Some eukaryotic cells also have cell walls, but none that are made of peptidoglycan. The outer ... amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and ions) from diffusing across the membrane, but generally allows for the ...
1,3-Beta-glucan synthase
"A classification of nucleotide-diphospho-sugar glycosyltransferases based on amino acid sequence similarities". Biochem. J. 326 ... A classification of glycosyltransferases using nucleotide diphospho-sugar, nucleotide monophospho-sugar and sugar phosphates ( ... These enzymes catalyse the transfer of sugar moieties from activated donor molecules to specific acceptor molecules, forming ...
CM chondrite
... sugars and amino acids existed in space, via meteorites. This includes non-terrestrial amino acids. Multiple isotopes do not ... doi:10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb01115.x. Degens, E; Bajor, M (1963). "Amino acids and sugars in the bruderheim and Murray ... The levels of amino acids are higher in CMs than CIs. Amino-like nitriles/cyanides and heterocycles are also found. These ... As amino acids are diverse but low, the discovery of meteoritic chirality had to await the separation of IOM. Handedness of ...
Aglaomorpha (plant)
The produced nectar is rich in sugars and amino acids. Their function may be to attract ants (or other organisms) for ...
UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase
This enzyme participates in amino sugars metabolism and glycan biosynthesis. As of late 2007, 10 structures have been solved ... diphospho-N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxyglucose 3-enolpyruvyltransferase, phosphopyruvate-uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine ...
Cynthia Larive
"Award Abstract #1213845 Enhancing the NMR Characterization of Amino Sugars". National Science Foundation. Archived from the ...
Muramic acid
... is an amino sugar acid. In terms of chemical composition, it is the ether of lactic acid and glucosamine. It ...
Hypothetical types of biochemistry
... amino acids are almost universally of the L form and sugars are of the D form. Molecules using D amino acids or L sugars may be ... Amino acids whose chirality is opposite to the norm are found on Earth, and these substances are generally thought to result ... Doig, Abdrew J. (7 December 2016). "Frozen, but no accident - why the 20 standard amino acids were selected". FEBS J. 284 (9): ... Polysilanols, the silicon compounds corresponding to sugars, are soluble in liquid nitrogen, suggesting that they could play a ...
Phytobiome
Root exudates contain numerous sugars, amino acids, polysaccharides and secondary metabolites. The production of these exudates ...
Chiral pool
Contributors to the chiral pool are amino acids, sugars, and terpenes. Their use improves the efficiency of total synthesis. ... Production of optically active amino acids by catalytic hydrogenation". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 99 (19): 6262-6267. doi:10.1021/ ...
Meglumine
... is an amino sugar derived from glucose. It is often used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals and in conjunction with ...
Bletting
Chemically speaking, bletting brings about an increase in sugars and a decrease in the acids and tannins that make the unripe ... organic acids and amino acids in medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) during fruit development and maturation". Food Chemistry. 83 (3 ... Glew, R.H.; Ayaz, F. A.; Sanz, C.; VanderJagt, D. J.; Huang, H. S.; Chuang, L. T.; Strnad, M. (2003). "Changes in sugars, ...
ATP-binding cassette transporter
The substrates that can be transported include ions, amino acids, peptides, sugars, and other molecules that are mostly ... 3.A.1.3 Polar Amino Acid Uptake Transporter (PAAT) 3.A.1.4 Hydrophobic Amino Acid Uptake Transporter (HAAT) 3.A.1.5 Peptide/ ... In MsbA, the sugar head groups are sequestered within the chamber during the "power stroke". The cavity is lined with charged ... For MsbA, in particular, the size of the chamber is large enough to accommodate the sugar groups from lipopolysaccharides (LPS ...
Endomembrane system
Through this process, sugars, amino acids, and other monomers pass into the cytosol and become nutrients for the cell. ... These special proteins contain a specialized retention signal made up of a specific sequence of amino acids that enables them ... The ribosomes assemble amino acids into protein units, which are carried into the rough ER for further adjustments. These ... The Golgi apparatus removes and substitutes sugar monomers, producing a large variety of oligosaccharides. In addition to ...
Interferon
Tan YH, Barakat F, Berthold W, Smith-Johannsen H, Tan C (August 1979). "The isolation and amino acid/sugar composition of human ... amino acid analysis and amino terminal amino acid sequence". Science. 207 (4430): 525-6. Bibcode:1980Sci...207..525K. doi: ... Tan's laboratory isolated sufficient amounts of human beta interferon to perform the first amino acid, sugar composition and N- ... Zoon KC, Smith ME, Bridgen PJ, Anfinsen CB, Hunkapiller MW, Hood LE (February 1980). "Amino terminal sequence of the major ...
Soy sauce
The sugars hydrolyzed from starch add sweetness into soy sauce. Umami is largely caused by the presence of free amino acids. ... This amino-glycosidic reaction gives soy sauce its dark brown color. Lactic acid bacteria ferments the sugars into lactic acid ... The hydrolysis of protein and large carbohydrates has provided free amino acids and simple sugars as reagents for Maillard ... Based on the result of free amino acid analysis, the most abundant amino acids in Chinese soy sauce product are glutamic acid, ...
Cider
July 1992). "Changes in sugars, acids, and amino acids during ripening and storage of apples (cv. Glockenapfel)". Journal of ... nearly the amount the WHO recommends as an adult's daily allowance of added sugar, and 5-10 times the amount of sugar in lager ... Sugar 9-12% Cider with Other Fruit[25]. Clear to brilliant Color varies, color additives appropriate to appearance of added ... The juice of any variety of apple can be used to make cider, but cider apples are best.[8] The addition of sugar or extra fruit ...
Bread
It is hardened and browned through the Maillard reaction using the sugars and amino acids and the intense heat at the bread ... This yeast ferments some of the carbohydrates in the flour, including any sugar, producing carbon dioxide. Commercial bakers ... sugar, spice, fruit such as raisins, vegetables such as onion, nuts such as walnut or seeds such as poppy.[30] ...
Growth medium
Supplementary minimal media are minimal media that also contains a single selected agent, usually an amino acid or a sugar. ... a source of amino acids and nitrogen (e.g., beef, yeast extract) *This is an undefined medium because the amino-acid source ... Media lacking an amino acid such as proline in conjunction with E. coli unable to synthesize it were commonly used by ... a carbon source, which may be a sugar such as glucose, or a less energy-rich source such as succinate ...
Gastrointestinal tract
Products of digestion (sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) are absorbed into the bloodstream here. ...
Okara (food)
It can eliminate the bean's odor, increase the amount of edible fiber, free amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, vitamin B12, ... The ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids is similar to tofu and soymilk.[5] Nevertheless, it remains a challenge ...
Ketone
Many sugars are ketones, known collectively as ketoses. The best known ketose is fructose, which exists as a cyclic hemiketal, ... and amino acids in most vertebrates, including humans. Ketone bodies are elevated in the blood (ketosis) after fasting, ... Representative ketones, from the left: acetone, a common solvent; oxaloacetate, an intermediate in the metabolism of sugars; ... Acetoacetate is an intermediate in the Krebs cycle which releases energy from sugars and carbohydrates.[22] ...
Positron emission tomography
This means that FDG is trapped in any cell that takes it up until it decays, since phosphorylated sugars, due to their ionic ... The earliest amyloid imaging probes included 2-(1-{6-[(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)(methyl)amino]-2-naphthyl}ethylidene)malononitrile ([ ... The molecule most commonly used for this purpose is F-18 labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a sugar, for which the waiting ...
Oligosaccharyltransferase
The sugar Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 (where Glc=Glucose, Man=Mannose, and GlcNAc=N-acetylglucosamine) is attached to an asparagine (Asn) ... residue in the sequence Asn-X-Ser or Asn-X-Thr where X is any amino acid except proline. This sequence is called a ... Oligosaccharyltransferase or OST (EC 2.4.1.119) is a membrane protein complex that transfers a 14-sugar oligosaccharide from ... Sec61 is the protein-conducting channel and the OST adds sugar moieties to the nascent protein. ...
Acne
Dermatologists also recommend a diet low in simple sugars as a method of improving acne.[53] As of 2014, the available evidence ... Hydroquinone lightens the skin when applied topically by inhibiting tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for converting the amino ... Eating fewer simple carbohydrates such as sugar may minimize the condition.[7] Treatments applied directly to the affected skin ...
Sake
The brewing process for sake differs from the process for beer, where the conversion from starch to sugar and then from sugar ... Iron will bond with an amino acid produced by the kōji to produce off flavors and a yellowish color. Manganese, when exposed to ... Nihonshu-do (日本酒度) is calculated from the specific gravity of the sake and indicates the sugar and alcohol content of the sake ... As the proportion of amino acids rises, the sake tastes more savory. This number is determined by titration of the sake with a ...
ढाँचा:Sc/doc - विकिपिडिया
In chemical nomenclature of sugars and amino acids. Technical code[सम्पादन गर्ने]. Technically, any call such as: x{{sc,L,ord}} ...
Dieting
"The glycemic index (GI) factor is a ranking of foods based on their overall effect on blood sugar levels. The diet based around ... The emphasis was on avoiding sugar, sweet foods, starch, beer, milk and butter. Banting's pamphlet was popular for years to ... to be used to synthesize sugars for use as energy by the rest of the body. Most experts believe that a prolonged fast can lead ...
Wikipedia:Makala za msingi za kamusi elezo/Zote 1000, kamusi elezo huru
Sugar * sw:Sukari. Suicide * sw:Kujiua. Suleiman the Magnificent * sw:Suleiman the Magnificent. Sun * sw:Sun. Sun Yat-sen * sw: ... Kama viungo vya Kiswahili bado ni vyekundu, ni alama ya kwamba ama jina halikusahihishwa bado, au hakuna makala bado. Mpangilio ...
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
Inclusion of the amino acid L-tryptophan, a precursor of 5HT, in the feed of rainbow trout made the trout less aggressive and ...
Visual impairment
a b c AMA Guides Archived 2006-05-02 at the Wayback Machine ... which a measurement of blood glucose or sugar level.[43] In ...
Tea
British drinkers preferred to add sugar and milk to black tea, and black tea overtook green tea in popularity in the 1720s.[45] ... such as the polyphenols and amino acids, but is a suspension when all of the insoluble components are considered, such as the ... By adding the milk afterwards, it is easier to dissolve sugar in the tea and also to ensure the desired amount of milk is added ... Tea in Ireland is usually taken with milk or sugar and is slightly spicier and stronger than the traditional English blend. The ...
Archaea
... use more energy sources than eukaryotes: these range from organic compounds, such as sugars, to ammonia, metal ions or ... it lacks D-amino acids and N-acetylmuramic acid.[102] ...
Histone
The single-letter amino acid abbreviation (e.g., K for Lysine) and the amino acid position in the protein ... Nonpolar interactions between the histone and deoxyribose sugars on DNA. *Salt bridges and hydrogen bonds between side chains ... compared amino acid compositions in the same histone from different organisms, and compared amino acid sequences of the same ... 3. Complete amino acid sequence of pea seedling histone IV; comparison with the homologous calf thymus histone". The Journal of ...
Biofuel
Alcohol fuels are produced by fermentation of sugars derived from wheat, corn, sugar beets, sugar cane, molasses and any sugar ... Escherichia coli strains have also been successfully engineered to produce butanol by modifying their amino acid metabolism.[36 ... to release sugars from stored starches), fermentation of the sugars, distillation and drying. The distillation process requires ... Bioethanol is an alcohol made by fermentation, mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn, ...
多囊卵巢綜合症 - 维基百科,自由的百
Amato P, Simpson JL. The genetics of polycystic ovary syndrome. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2004, 18 (5): 707-18. PMID ... Elevated blood sugar and insulin values do not predict who responds to an insulin-lowering medication, low-glycemic diet, and ... A hypoglycemic response in which the two-hour insulin level is higher and the blood sugar lower than fasting is consistent with ...
HADHB
transferase activity, transferring acyl groups other than amino-acyl groups. • enoyl-CoA hydratase activity. • long-chain-3- ... HADHB encodes a 51.2 kDa protein that is composed of 474 amino acids; 124 peptides have been observed through mass spectrometry ... 2.3.1: other than amino-acyl groups. *acetyltransferases: Acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase ...
Pu'er tea
The microbes are also responsible for metabolising the carbohydrates and amino acids present in the tea leaves.[15][16][17] ...
Beetroot
Many beet products are made from other Beta vulgaris varieties, particularly sugar beet. ... a homolog of the naturally occurring amino acid cysteine. High circulating levels of homocysteine may be harmful to blood ...
Acid alpha-glucosidase
... and differences with previous cDNA and amino acid sequences". DNA and Cell Biology. 9 (2): 85-94. doi:10.1089/dna.1990.9.85. ... Hydrolase: sugar hydrolases (EC 3.2). 3.2.1: Glycoside hydrolases. Disaccharidase. *Sucrase/Sucrase-isomaltase/Invertase ...
Protecting group
Orthogonal protection of L-Tyrosine (Protecting groups are marked in blue, the amino acid is shown in black). (1) Fmoc- ... Bn group is widely used in sugar and nucleoside chemistry.. *β-Methoxyethoxymethyl ether (MEM) - Removed by acid. ... In the example shown, the protected amino acid tyrosine, the benzyl ester can be removed by hydrogenolysis, the ... protected amino group, (2) benzyl ester protected carboxyl group and (3) tert-butyl ether protected phenolic hydroxyl group of ...
Carbohydrate - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
They are made up of joined-up sugars. Sugars have the general formula Cm(H2O)n, and are also known as saccharides. ... Oligosaccharides (shortish chains), often linked to amino acids or lipids. They play a special role in cell membranes. ... Simple saccharides with one or two sugar molecules *Monosaccharides: single sugar e.g. glucose , fructose ... Polysaccharides (long chains) are complex carbohydrates, with linear chains of sugars or branched clusters. Their function is ...
Honey bee
Of these amino acids, honey bees require highest concentrations of leucine, isoleucine, and valine, however elevated ... The dominant monosaccharides in honey bee diets are fructose and glucose but the most common circulating sugar in hemolymph is ... Adult worker honey bees require 4 mg of utilizable sugars per day and larvae require about 59.4 mg of carbohydrates for proper ... Dietary proteins are broken down into amino acids, ten of which are considered essential to honey bees: methionine, tryptophan ...
RNA world
Amino acid-RNA ligation. The ability to conjugate an amino acid to the 3'-end of an RNA in order to use its chemical groups or ... The major difference between RNA and DNA is the presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2'-position of the ribose sugar in RNA ( ... As some co-factors contain both nucleotide and amino-acid characteristics, it may be that amino acids, peptides and finally ... The most commonly selected monomers (i.e. amino acids) for ribosomal protein synthesis are chemical derivatives of the α-amino ...
Pentamidine
Common side effects of the injectable form include low blood sugar, pain at the site of injection, nausea, vomiting, low blood ...
Food chemistry
Food and Nutrition Board of Institute of Medicine (2005) Dietary Reference Intakes for Protein and Amino Acids, page 685, from ... When combined in the way that the image to the right depicts, sucrose, one of the more common sugar products found in plants, ... Some of these products occur naturally like salt and sugar, but flavour chemists (called a "flavourist") develop many of these ...
Vitamin C
Ascorbic acid is a weak sugar acid structurally related to glucose. In biological systems, ascorbic acid can be found only at ... Savini I, Rossi A, Pierro C, Avigliano L, Catani MV (April 2008). "SVCT1 and SVCT2: key proteins for vitamin C uptake". Amino ... Mineral Nutrients and Amino Acids May or Must be Added.[87] Voluntary and mandatory fortification was described for various ... all simple sugars) and proceeds to L-galactose, L-galactonolactone and ascorbic acid.[134][135] There is feedback regulation in ...
Curculin
Amino acid sequence of sweet protein curculin adapted from Swiss-Prot biological database of protein sequences.[3] ... The mature monomers each consist of a sequence of 114 amino acids, weighing 12.5 kDa (curculin 1) and 12.7 kDa (curculin 2), ... "Purification and complete amino acid sequence of a new type of sweet protein taste-modifying activity, curculin". The Journal ...
Bleomycin
3-{[(2'-{(5S,8S,9S,10R,13S)-15-{6-amino-2- [(1S)-3-amino-1-{[(2S)-2,3-diamino-3-oxopropyl]amino}-3-oxopropyl] -5- ... Bleomycin naturally occurring-analogues have two to three sugar molecules, and DNA cleavage activities of these analogues have ... Nonribosomal peptides and polyketides are synthesized from amino acids and short carboxylic acids by NRPSs and PKSs, ... bleomycin megasynthetase-templated assembly of the bleomycin peptide/polyketide/peptide aglycon was proposed from nine amino ...
Glossary of biology
A metabolic process that consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen.. fitness. fitness landscape. fertilization. fetus. Also ... A polypeptide chain of amino acids. It is a body-building nutrient.. protist. psychobiology. Also called behavioral ... amino acid. A class of organic compounds containing an amine group and a carboxylic acid group which function as the ... In humans, a set of nine amino acids, two fatty acids, thirteen vitamins, and fifteen minerals are considered essential ...
Intestinal villus
Villus capillaries collect amino acids and simple sugars taken up by the villi into the blood stream. Villus lacteals (lymph ... An increased absorptive area is useful because digested nutrients (including monosaccharide and amino acids) pass into the ...
Patent US4062950 - Amino sugar derivatives - Google Patents
New amino sugars which are glucopyranosyl and oligoglucosidyl derivatives of 4,6-bisdesoxy-4-(4,5,6-trihydroxy-3- ... Amino sugar compound. US4273765 *. Feb 9, 1979. Jun 16, 1981. Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.. Amino sugar derivatives containing ... They form a series of which the amino sugar derivative [C19 H33 O13 N] is to be regarded as the initial member; i.e. R is a ... Amino-sugar derivatives, process for their preparation and pharmaceutical composition thereof. US4197292 *. Feb 2, 1979. Apr 8 ...
Amino Sugars - DrugBank
Amino sugar - Wikipedia
In organic chemistry, an amino sugar (or more technically a 2-amino-2-deoxysugar) is a sugar molecule in which a hydroxyl group ... More than 60 amino sugars are known, with one of the most abundant being N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine, which is the main component of ... Amino+Sugars at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). ... This can be achieved using azides with subsequent reduction yielding the amino sugar. One advantage of introducing azide moiety ...
Control of Sugar and Amino Acid Feeding via Pharyngeal Taste Neurons | Journal of Neuroscience
Control of Sugar and Amino Acid Feeding via Pharyngeal Taste Neurons. Yu-Chieh David Chen, Vaibhav Menon, Ryan Matthew Joseph, ... Control of Sugar and Amino Acid Feeding via Pharyngeal Taste Neurons. Yu-Chieh David Chen, Vaibhav Menon, Ryan Matthew Joseph, ... Control of Sugar and Amino Acid Feeding via Pharyngeal Taste Neurons Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page to you ... Control of Sugar and Amino Acid Feeding via Pharyngeal Taste Neurons. Yu-Chieh David Chen, Vaibhav Menon, Ryan Matthew Joseph ...
Lac- l-TTA, a nove l lactose-based amino acid-sugar conjugate for anti-metastatic app lications | SpringerLink
This amino acid-sugar conjugate was prepared by solution synthesis in analogy to the natural fructosyl-amino acids. Furthermore ... Risseeuw MD, Overhand M, Fleet GW, Simone MI (2007) A compendium of sugar amino acids (SAA): scaffolds, peptide- and glyco- ... Gruner SAW, Locardi E, Lohof E, Kessler H (2002) Carbohydrate-based mimetics in drug design: sugar amino acids and carbohydrate ... Lac-l-TTA, a novel lactose-based amino acid-sugar conjugate for anti-metastatic applications. ...
Transport of Sugars and Amino Acids in the Intestine: Evidence for a Common Carrier | Science
... one each for sugars, neutral amino acids, basic amino acids, and Na+ are joined together, as in a mosaic. ... Transport of Sugars and Amino Acids in the Intestine: Evidence for a Common Carrier ... Transport of Sugars and Amino Acids in the Intestine: Evidence for a Common Carrier ... Transport of Sugars and Amino Acids in the Intestine: Evidence for a Common Carrier ...
Amino Sugars | Profiles RNS
SUGARS containing an amino group. GLYCOSYLATION of other compounds with these amino sugars results in AMINOGLYCOSIDES. ... "Amino Sugars" by people in this website by year, and whether "Amino Sugars" was a major or minor topic of these publications. ... "Amino Sugars" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicines controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject ... Below are the most recent publications written about "Amino Sugars" by people in Profiles. ...
Amino sugars metabolism | definition of Amino sugars metabolism by Medical dictionary
What is Amino sugars metabolism? Meaning of Amino sugars metabolism medical term. What does Amino sugars metabolism mean? ... Looking for online definition of Amino sugars metabolism in the Medical Dictionary? Amino sugars metabolism explanation free. ... amino sugar. (redirected from Amino sugars metabolism). Also found in: Encyclopedia. amino sugar. a MONOSACCHARIDE in which an ... Amino sugars metabolism , definition of Amino sugars metabolism by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary. ...
Identification of Sugar, Amino Acids and Minerals from the Pollen of Jandaíra Stingless Bees (Melipona subnitida)
Proline and serine are the predominant amino acids. High content of essential amino acids, minerals and the sugar mannitol ... free amino acids and sugars. Palynological analysis showed that the predominant pollen was monofloral from Senna sp. species ( ... Proline and serine are the predominant amino acids. High content of essential amino acids, minerals and the sugar mannitol ... Identification of Sugar, Amino Acids and Minerals from the Pollen of Jandaíra Stingless Bees (Melipona subnitida) ...
Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Amino Acids, Sugars and Urea...
Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Amino Acids, Sugars and Urea ... Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Amino Acids, Sugars and Urea ... Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Amino Acids, Sugars and Urea ... Excretion by the Malpighian Tubules of the Stick Insect, Dixippus Morosus (Orthoptera, Phasmidae): Amino Acids, Sugars and Urea ...
Amino Acid and Sugar Transport in Cells Permissively Infected with Simian Virus 40 | Cancer Research
Amino Acid and Sugar Transport in Cells Permissively Infected with Simian Virus 40. Michael S. Miller, Lester Kwock and Donald ... Amino Acid and Sugar Transport in Cells Permissively Infected with Simian Virus 40 ... Amino Acid and Sugar Transport in Cells Permissively Infected with Simian Virus 40 ... Amino Acid and Sugar Transport in Cells Permissively Infected with Simian Virus 40 ...
Leptin regulates sugar and amino acids transport in the human intestinal cell line Caco-2.
Here, we have examined the effect of leptin on sugar and amino acids absorption in the human model of intestina ... Studies in rodents have shown that leptin controls sugars and glutamine entry in the enterocytes by regulating membrane ... Here, we have examined the effect of leptin on sugar and amino acids absorption in the human model of intestinal cells Caco-2 ... Previous Document: Amino acids downregulate the expression of several autophagy-related genes in rainbow trout myoblast.... ...
The inhibition of thymidine kinase in glial tumor cells by an amino sugar, D-glucosamine
... Cancer Res. 1977 Apr;37(4):1068-74. ... The magnitude of inhibition of thymidine kinase activity and amino acid incorporation by D-glucosamine was comparable to that ... However, whereas the kinetics of recovery of amino acid incorporation from inhibition was rapid, thymidine kinase activity was ... D-Glucosamine inhibited the incorporation of labeled uridine and amino acids into acid-precipitable material. ...
ACP - Influence of organic compound functionality on aerosol hygroscopicity: dicarboxylic acids, alkyl-substituents, sugars and...
... sugars and amino acids Aleksandra Marsh1, Rachael E. H. Miles1, Grazia Rovelli. 1, Alexander G. Cowling1, Lucy Nandy2, Cari S. ... The chemical compounds studied include dicarboxylic acids, amino acids, sugars and polyols. These data provide a comprehensive ... Abstract. Hygroscopicity data for 36 organic compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, alcohols and sugars, are ... Similarly, amino acid hygroscopicity is under-predicted by UNIFAC predictions, a consequence of the original data used in the ...
Amino acids interference on the quantification of reducing sugars by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid assay mislead carbohydrase...
... and methionine on the measurement of reducing sugars using a ... This study evaluated the interference of the amino acids ... Amino acids interference on the quantification of reducing sugars by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid assay mislead carbohydrase ... The amino acids valine, glutamic acid, and phenylalanine did not affect the DNS reaction, while methionine decreased the color ... This study evaluated the interference of the amino acids tryptophan, cysteine, histidine, tyrosine, hydroxyproline, leucine, ...
Which of the following pairs are NOT related?A) sugar - carbohydrate
B) DNA - amino acid
C) enzyme - protein
D) RNA - nucleic...
... amino acid C) enzyme - protein D) RNA - nucleic acid and find homework help for other Science questions at eNotes ... Which of the following pairs are NOT related?A) sugar - carbohydrate B) DNA - amino acid C) enzyme - protein D) RNA - nucleic ... amino acids joint by peptide bond and prepare protein. so my answer is B) that means DNA is not related to amino acid. ... Sugars are a type of carbohydrate, enzymes are a type of protein, and RNA is a type of nucleic acid. Answer B is correct ...
Exploring the conformational and biological versatility of beta-turn-modified gramicidin S by using sugar amino acid homologues...
Amino Acid and Sugar Catabolism in the Marine Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 from an Energetic Viewpoint | Applied...
Amino Acid and Sugar Catabolism in the Marine Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 from an Energetic Viewpoint. Daniel ... Amino Acid and Sugar Catabolism in the Marine Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 from an Energetic Viewpoint ... Amino Acid and Sugar Catabolism in the Marine Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 from an Energetic Viewpoint ... Amino Acid and Sugar Catabolism in the Marine Bacterium Phaeobacter inhibens DSM 17395 from an Energetic Viewpoint ...
Amino and Acetamide Functional Group Effects on the Ionization and Fragmentation of Sugar Chains in Positive-Ion Mass...
... groups in sugar chains on their ionization and fragmentation, cycloamyloses (cycl ... To elucidate the influence of amino (-NH2) and acetamide (-NHCOCH3, -NAc) ... In sugar chains with amino sugar (HexNH2), the sodium cations can coordinate to any sugars and glycosyl bonds are likely to ... Protons localize at the amino group in sugar chains, and the product ions include the protonated amino sugar. The mobile ...
Amount of Arginine, Arg or R, α-amino acid in Pears, dried, sulfured, stewed, not added sugar
... not added sugar in details, quantity how high or low Arginine, Arg or R, α-amino acid nutrient content it has. ... α-amino acid is present in Pears, dried, sulfured, stewed, ... sulfured-stew-no-added-sugar/arginine-r-arg-alpha-amino-acid. ... There is g amount of Arginine, Arg or R, α-amino acid in amount of Pears, dried, sulfured, stewed, not added sugar. Determine, ... Amount of Arginine, Arg or R, α-amino acid in Pears, dried, sulfured, stewed, not added sugar. Back to products complete ...
Сыромоноедение | Scientists surprised to find that amino acids, not sugar, supply most building blocks for tumor cells -...
Scientists surprised to find that amino acids, not sugar, supply most building blocks for tumor cells. *amino acids ... Branched-chain amino acids in metabolic signalling and insulin resistance. Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) are important ... Instead, the largest contributors to cell mass were amino acids, which make up proteins. As a group, amino acids (excluding ... medicalxpress.com/news/2016-03-scientists-amino-acids-sugar-blocks.html ...
Saccharides and Amino Sugars (3) (SC1011) | Shodex/ HPLC Columns, Detectors, Standards
Saccharides and Amino Sugars (3) (SC1011). Saccharides and amino sugars were analyzed using SUGAR SC1011, a column for analysis ... Saccharides, Sugar Alcohols, Amino Sugars and Amino Acids. Saccharides and Organic Acids. Polysaccharides. High-selective ... Amino Acid Analysis. Guidelines for Shodex Column Selection : Proteins, Peptides and Amino Acids. ... Proteins, Peptides and Amino acids. Aqueous SEC (GFC) Analysis. Reversed Phase Analysis. HILIC Analysis. Ion Exchange Analysis ...
Stereospecificity of multiple receptor sites in a labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly for amino acids and small peptides. |...
Stereospecificity of multiple receptor sites in a labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly for amino acids and small peptides.. ... Stereospecificity of multiple receptor sites in a labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly for amino acids and small peptides. ... sites in the sugar receptor. The effect of small peptides on the sugar receptor was examined systematically. Their ... and N-methylation of the alpha-amino group of L-phenylalanine result in extremely decreased responses of the labellar sugar ...
Effects of water deficit on the activity of nitrate reductase and content of sugars, nitrate and free amino acids in the leaves...
Dietary Regulation of Intestinal Brush-Border Sugar and Amino Acid Transport in Carnivores
... Am J Physiol. 1991 Oct;261(4 Pt 2): ... Rates of transport for the sugars glucose and fructose and the amino acids (AAs) aspartate, leucine, lysine, and proline were ... In contrast, the sugar transporters of the cat were unresponsive to varying carbohydrate levels, and long-term feeding of a ... Although all three species consume much carbohydrate during early development, only the mink was able to regulate sugar ...
Morning Liquid Vitamins by MaryRuth's (Raspberry) Vegan Multivitamin Trace Minerals & Amino Acids Gluten Free 0 Sugar 32oz $33...
Morning Liquid Vitamins by MaryRuths (Raspberry) Vegan Multivitamin Trace Minerals & Amino Acids Gluten Free 0 Sugar 32oz $ ... Morning Liquid Vitamins by MaryRuths (Raspberry) Vegan Multivitamin Trace Minerals & Amino Acids Gluten Free 0 Sugar 32oz $ ... Amino Acids Paleo - Gluten Free - 0 Sugar - 32oz for just $33.94. You are saving $6.01 (15%) on this purchase. The shipping is ... Amino Acids Gluten Free 0 Sugar 32oz $33.94 (15% OFF) ... Zero Sugar!. *DELICIOUS TASTE- Take 1 oz a day of delicious ...
Sugar Amino Acid Based Scaffolds - Novel Peptidomimetics and Their Potential in Combinatorial Synthesis | Bentham Science
Sugar amino acids constitute an important class of such polyfunctional scaffolds where the carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl groups ... Sugar amino acids constitute an important class of such polyfunctional scaffolds where the carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl groups ... Keywords:sugar amino acid based scaffolds. Abstract: To meet the growing demands for the development of new molecular entities ... Sugar Amino Acid Based Scaffolds - Novel Peptidomimetics and Their Potential in Combinatorial Synthesis. Author(s): Tushar K. ...
DETERMINATION OF AMINO ACIDS AND SUGARS CONTENT IN ANTENNARIA DIOICA GAERTN
| International Journal of Applied...
DETERMINATION OF AMINO ACIDS AND SUGARS CONTENT IN ANTENNARIA DIOICA GAERTN * LIUDMYLA SLOBODIANIUK Department of Pharmacognosy ... Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine sugars and amino acids content of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. herb. In ... was analyzed for the content of sugars by GC/MS. The amino acids were identified and quantified by HPLC method. ... Determination of amino acids in medicinal plants from southern sonora, mexico. Trop J Pharm Res 2014;13:601-6.. 27. Wu G. Amino ...
New Game-Changing Anti-Aging Ingredients | Reader's Digest
Amino acids and plant sugars. iStock/via glytone-usa. As we age, our skin naturally loses much of its moisture-retaining ... Immupure products are cold-sterilized for safety, but in a way that preserves their skin-friendly proteins, amino acids, growth ... This lightweight layering serum targets the skins water and lipid content by combining amino acids, which provide immediate ... moisture and calm skin, and plant sugars, which help to prevent trans epidermal water loss (TEWL) and replenish skins natural ...
amino sugar N-acetyl- glucosamine | Prairie Hive
... amino sugar N-acetyl- glucosamine, anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, aspirin, autoimmune reaction, autoimmunity, berberine ... Filed Under: Health Tagged With: a chronic skin condition, abdominal bloating, acne, AIDS, Allergic reactions to food, amino ... Archives for amino sugar N-acetyl- glucosamine. amino sugar N-acetyl- glucosamine. ...
Essential aminoCarbohydratesProteinsSimple sugarsFructoseGlucoseIncluding amino acidsAlcoholsCompoundsFree aminoSynthesis of amino sugarsNucleotidesPeptidesNitrogenDeoxy-SugarsMetabolismOrganicSolubleInhibitionEffects of aminoCarboxylicStarchEnzymesNutrientsNeutral aminoCombined amino acidElectrolytesAcids to buildMaillardBCAA PowderType of aminoNucleosidesIsoleucine and valineValineSubstratesCarbohydrateDisaccharideHydroxylDeterminationThymidineCarbsSolventProlineThioEscherichiaChemicalsDegradationIonicContentVitaminsScaffoldsCarbonComposition
Essential amino9
- High content of essential amino acids, minerals and the sugar mannitol confirmed high nutritional value of pollen samples from jandaíra bees. (scirp.org)
- GlycoTrol ® was designed by Dr. Charles I. Jarowski, Director of Research and Development at Pfizer, Inc., to balance dietary essential amino acids and support and maintain healthy blood-sugar. (lidtke.com)
- Dr. Jarowski identified the essential amino acids most frequently lacking in the American diet, and by simply supplementing these amino acids before a meal as part of your diet, GlycoTrol helps maintain a healthy blood sugar level. (lidtke.com)
- This bar chart shows the total %RDI (Recommended Daily Intake) for all essential amino acids. (myfooddata.com)
- Rich with antioxidants, over 14 essential amino acids, and natural sugars, this superfood makes an excellent nutritious snack. (zestofmoringa.com)
- 11 of these amino acids are made by your body and are called 'non-essential' amino acids. (cyh.com)
- The other 9 'essential' amino acids you have to get by eating the right foods. (cyh.com)
- Protein from animal foods has all the essential amino acids you need. (cyh.com)
- The alkali protein fraction was the more rich in all amino acids especially the essential amino acids which were in amounts higher than that given in Food and Agriculture Organization [FAO] pattern. (who.int)
Carbohydrates12
- Perfection isolate vanilla contains 15.5% less protein, 185% more carbohydrates and 112% more sugar than indicated on the label. (supplementlabtest.com)
- The higher content of carbohydrates and sugars is exactly the same as that of the students. (supplementlabtest.com)
- As well as the measurement of different carbohydrates and sugars. (supplementlabtest.com)
- In organic chemistry, Sugar Amino Acids and derivatives are sugar acids and sugar acid derivatives of organic compounds in the carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates subclass in the organooxygen compounds class within the organic oxygen compounds superclass , containing a saccharide unit that bears both an amine group and a carboxylic acid group. (wellnessadvantage.com)
- Carbohydrates include sugars, starches, cellulose and many other compounds found in living organisms. (scientificpsychic.com)
- In their basic form, carbohydrates are simple sugars or monosaccharides . (scientificpsychic.com)
- These simple sugars can combine with each other to form more complex carbohydrates. (scientificpsychic.com)
- Carbohydrates consisting of two to ten simple sugars are called oligosaccharides , and those with a larger number are called polysaccharides . (scientificpsychic.com)
- Sugars are white crystalline carbohydrates that are soluble in water and generally have a sweet taste. (scientificpsychic.com)
- Biomolecules: amino acids and proteins, sugars and carbohydrates. (abdn.ac.uk)
- The only really low-carb bar - only 3g of net carbohydrates - and nuts, not sugar! (guiltfree.pl)
- Some simple carbohydrates come from 'sometimes' foods like fizzy drinks and lollies, which have lots of sugar and don't have important vitamins which your body needs. (cyh.com)
Proteins7
- Instead, the largest contributors to cell mass were amino acids, which make up proteins. (syromonoed.com)
- The subunits of proteins are a. sugar molecules. (weegy.com)
- Subunits of proteins are amino acids. (weegy.com)
- proteins and peptides , steroids (fat-soluble molecules whose basic structure is a skeleton of four carbon rings), or derivatives of the amino acid tyrosine, characterized by a 6-carbon, or benzene, ring. (encyclopedia.com)
- proteins and amino acid assumed to be responsible for many of the biological activities in plant cell. (journalajrib.com)
- Then somehow, out of that prebiotic stew emerged the first critical building blocks - proteins, sugars, amino acids, cell walls - that would combine over the next billion years to form the first specks of life on the planet. (livescience.com)
- So are sugars, amino acids, and proteins. (livescience.com)
Simple sugars4
- The resulting multivariate dataset was used to estimate the prediction ability of the individual scanning methods on starch-related parameters, selected simple sugars, selected amino acids, conductivity of pressed cell sap and cell sizes. (forskningsdatabasen.dk)
- The combination of two simple sugars is a disaccharide . (scientificpsychic.com)
- Many simple sugars can exist in a chain form or a ring form, as illustrated by the hexoses above. (scientificpsychic.com)
- A number of simple sugars may combine to form: A. protein. (weegy.com)
Fructose6
- A significantly higher anticancer effect of Lac-L-TTA with respect to the fructose analogue emerged from our study suggesting that the anti-metastatic potential of fructosyl-amino acids can be enhanced by increasing the polarity of the compounds, for example by introducing disaccharide moieties in place of fructose. (springer.com)
- Rates of transport for the sugars glucose and fructose and the amino acids (AAs) aspartate, leucine, lysine, and proline were measured throughout the intestine (only proline and glucose in the frogs) by an in vitro everted-sleeve method. (nih.gov)
- Results showed that most types of spectral analyses had relatively high potential for predicting the starch-related parameters and medium potential for predicting the concentration of the reducing sugars fructose and glucose. (forskningsdatabasen.dk)
- The higher content of the sugar comes form fructose what is stated on the ingredients but not added to the sugar value in the nutrition table. (supplementlabtest.com)
- Fructose, also called levulose or "fruit sugar", is shown here in the chain and ring forms. (scientificpsychic.com)
- GLC and PC analysis of free sugars and mucilage hydrolysates revealed the presence of rhamnose , arabinose , xylose fructose , glucose , galactose , galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid . (bvsalud.org)
Glucose6
- CONCLUSION: These data show in human intestinal cells that leptin can rapidly control the activity of physiologically relevant transporters for rich-energy molecules, i.e D-glucose (SGLT1) and amino acids (ASCT2, B(0) AT1 and PAT1). (biomedsearch.com)
- We focus our attention on differences among the hydroxy group of glucose (Glc), the amino group of hexosamine (HexNH 2 ), and the acetamide group of N -acetyl hexosamine (HexNAc) in ionization and fragmentation. (springer.com)
- Most of the fuel consumed by these rapidly proliferating cells is glucose, a type of sugar. (syromonoed.com)
- Although cells consume glucose and the amino acid glutamine at very high rates, the researchers found that those two molecules contribute little to the mass of new cells-glucose accounts for 10 to 15 percent of the carbon found in the cells, while glutamine contributes about 10 percent of the carbon. (syromonoed.com)
- It isn't necessarily about how the Warburg effect helps cells put glucose into cell mass, but more about why does glucose -to-lactate conversion help cells use amino acids to build more cells . (syromonoed.com)
- This amino sugar derivative produced from glucose and propylamine with the aid of immobilized Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435) lipase, as catalyst. (upm.edu.my)
Including amino acids1
- Hygroscopicity data for 36 organic compounds, including amino acids, organic acids, alcohols and sugars, are determined using a comparative kinetics electrodynamic balance (CK-EDB). (atmos-chem-phys.net)
Alcohols1
- New hygroscopicity data are also reported for a selection of alcohols and sugars and they show variable levels of agreement with predictions. (atmos-chem-phys.net)
Compounds7
- The compounds, of which O-{4,6-bisdesoxy-4-[1S-(1,4,6/5)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-hydroxymethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ylamino]-α-D-glucopyranosyl}-(1→4)-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-D-glucopyranose. (google.com)
- GLYCOSYLATION of other compounds with these amino sugars results in AMINOGLYCOSIDES. (drugbank.ca)
- These compounds are conjugates of amino sugars and aminocyclitols. (wikipedia.org)
- Since the aforesaid classes of compounds are all transported by similar, sodium-ion-dependent mechanisms and elicit countertransport of each other, all may share a common, polyfunctional carrier in which a series of separate binding sites, namely, one each for sugars, neutral amino acids, basic amino acids, and Na + are joined together, as in a mosaic. (sciencemag.org)
- The chemical compounds studied include dicarboxylic acids, amino acids, sugars and polyols. (atmos-chem-phys.net)
- So, if one residue of HexNH 2 or HexNAc is inserted in these compounds, the position of the hetero-sugar residue in the homo-oligosaccharides can be identified to only one structure as shown Figure 1 . (springer.com)
- N-methylated amino acids are found in Nature in various biological compounds. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Free amino3
- The aim of this investigation was to analyze two samples of pollen from jandaíra stingless bees ( Melipona subnitida ) in view of their mineral composition, free amino acids and sugars. (scirp.org)
- We determined 17 bound and 16 free amino acids in the Antennaria dioica Gaertn. (innovareacademics.in)
- Moreover, analysis of free amino acids content and total amino acids of protein hydrolysate was carried out by HPLC technique. (bvsalud.org)
Synthesis of amino sugars3
- N-functionalized of glycals at the C2 position, combined with glycosidic bond formation at C1 is a common strategy for the synthesis of amino sugars. (wikipedia.org)
- Nucleophilic displacement can be an effective strategy for the synthesis of amino sugars, however success strongly depends upon the nature of nucleophile, the type of leaving group and site of displacements on sugar rings. (wikipedia.org)
- Professor Rojas's research interests focus on new methods for incorporating nitrogen into organic molecules and application of these methods to the synthesis of amino sugars. (barnard.edu)
Nucleotides3
- DNA is one type of nucleic acid, nucleic acid is made up of nucleotides not from the amino acids. (enotes.com)
- A team of such chemists from the Scripps Research Institute reported Nov. 6 in the journal Nature Chemistry that they identified a single, primitive enzyme that could have reacted with early Earth catalysts to produce some of the key precursors to life: the short chains of amino acids that power cells, the lipids that form cell walls, and the strands of nucleotides that store genetic information. (livescience.com)
- Amino acids, sugars, nucleotides and vitamins are all metabolites. (princeton.edu)
Peptides3
- Stereospecificity of multiple receptor sites in a labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly for amino acids and small peptides. (rupress.org)
- The effect of small peptides on the sugar receptor was examined systematically. (rupress.org)
- This review chronicles the development of sugar amino acids as a novel class of peptidomimetic building blocks and their applications in generating desired secondary structures in peptides as well as in creating mimics of natural biopolymers. (eurekaselect.com)
Nitrogen3
- The quality of the sedimentary OM was determined by the diagenetic indicators %T AA C (percentage of total organic carbon present as amino acid carbon), %T AA N (percentage of total nitrogen present as amino acid nitrogen), aspartic acid:β-alanine ratios, and glutamic acid:γ-amino butyric acid ratios. (frontiersin.org)
- This gives out a total of 1.69 + 1.27 = 2.96% more of added amino acids which brings the nitrogen content higher, and thus also the protein content. (supplementlabtest.com)
- How is protein tested with a nitrogen and amino acid analysis? (supplementlabtest.com)
Deoxy-Sugars1
- 4. Deoxy-Sugars a. (elsevier.com)
Metabolism2
- Studies continue to highlight the importance of additional nutrients that play an important role in sugar metabolism. (lidtke.com)
- This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism. (wikipedia.org)
Organic3
- In organic chemistry, an amino sugar (or more technically a 2-amino-2-deoxysugar) is a sugar molecule in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amine group. (wikipedia.org)
- Sugar amino acids constitute an important class of such polyfunctional scaffolds where the carboxyl, amino and hydroxyl groups provide an excellent opportunity for organic chemists to create structural diversities akin to natures molecular arsenal. (eurekaselect.com)
- We investigated the impact of temperature on the microbial turnover of organic matter (OM) in a hydrothermal vent system in Guaymas Basin, by calculating microbial bio- and necromass turnover times based on the culture-independent D:L-amino acid model. (frontiersin.org)
Soluble3
- Handling and processing of potatoes is performed in increasingly large and more automated facilities, and the industry calls for more automated machinery for quality assessment and sorting by concentration of starch, soluble sugars, protein, amino acids etc. of the potato tubers. (forskningsdatabasen.dk)
- The highest sugar content was by extracting it with an Methyl alcohol, where it reached 1.89 (mg g -1 DW) followed by Ethanol extract (1.66 mg g -1 DW) However, distilled water extract recorded the lowest content of soluble sugars compared to Methyl and Ethanol alcohol extraction, where it reached (1.30 mg g -1 DW). (journalajrib.com)
- Merete Edelenbos » Research outputs » Prediction of Starch, Soluble Sugars and Amino Acids in P. (au.dk)
Inhibition3
- The magnitude of inhibition of thymidine kinase activity and amino acid incorporation by D-glucosamine was comparable to that produced by cycloheximide, suggesting that the inhibition might arise from interference with enzyme synthesis. (nih.gov)
- However, whereas the kinetics of recovery of amino acid incorporation from inhibition was rapid, thymidine kinase activity was depressed for at least 6 hr after drug washout. (nih.gov)
- Consistent with these results, production of H 2 O 2 was increased in most commensals when growing on amino sugars, and inhibition of S. mutans by Streptococcus cristatus , Streptococcus oralis , or S. gordonii was enhanced by amino sugars on agar plates. (asm.org)
Effects of amino1
- To reveal the effects of amino and acetamide groups, we chose the ideal analytes in which one sugar unit with amino or acetamide groups differs in long homo-oligosaccharides. (springer.com)
Carboxylic2
- These basic studies made possible the identification and quantification of the flavonoid, carboxylic-/amino acid and sugar constituents of citrus fruit juices and albedos, without any extraction/enrichment procedure. (elsevier.com)
- Füzfai, Z & Molnár-Perl, I 2007, ' Gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric fragmentation study of flavonoids as their trimethylsilyl derivatives: Analysis of flavonoids, sugars, carboxylic and amino acids in model systems and in citrus fruits ', Journal of Chromatography A , vol. 1149, no. 1, pp. 88-101. (elsevier.com)
Starch1
- The C. glutamicum strain producing this imine reductase enzyme was engineered further to extend this green chemistry route to production of N-methyl-l-alanine from alternative feed stocks such as starch or the lignocellulosic sugars xylose and arabinose. (uni-bielefeld.de)
Enzymes1
- Sugars are a type of carbohydrate, enzymes are a type of protein, and RNA is a type of nucleic acid. (enotes.com)
Nutrients2
- Built with science, innovation, and clinically studied ingredients, our products do more than deliver a sugar rush or simply replace nutrients lost in sweat. (bcaabar.com)
- THE OFFICIAL RECOVERY BRAND OF CHAMPIONS: For over 10 years, XTEND has been making the best recovery products in the world, more than delivering a sugar rush or simply replacing nutrients lost in sweat. (bcaabar.com)
Neutral amino3
- D-Galactose, L-arginine, and their respective actively transported analogs are partially competitive inhibitors of the active transport of neutral amino acids in the small intestine of hamsters. (sciencemag.org)
- Uptake of 20 μM glutamine and 0.1 mM phenylalanine was also inhibited by leptin, indicating sensitivity to the hormone of the Na(+) -dependent neutral amino acid transporters ASCT2 and B(0) AT1. (biomedsearch.com)
- Leptin also inhibited 1 mM proline and β-alanine uptake in Na(+) medium at pH 6, conditions for optimal activity of the H(+) -dependent neutral amino acid transporter PAT1. (biomedsearch.com)
Combined amino acid1
- The obtained results indicate that slightly lower temperatures (105ºC) than for the classical combined amino acid hydrolysis and longer times (22 hours) than for chitin minimized losses and maximized recoveries of monomeric amino acids and amino sugars. (leibniz-zmt.de)
Electrolytes2
- Every can is powered by 7 grams of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which have been clinically shown to support muscle repair and recovery, plus hydrating electrolytes and additional performance ingredients to help you refuel, repair, and recover. (bcaabar.com)
- ZERO SUGAR, ZERO CALORIES, ZERO CARBS: Every can of XTEND Carbonated includes 7g of BCAAs at the research-backed 2:1:1 ratio with 3.5g of leucine and 1.75g each of isoleucine and valine, and 1g Citrulline Malate to support muscle growth, recovery, and replenishment of electrolytes. (bcaabar.com)
Acids to build1
- Answer B is correct because DNA is not a type of amino acid, dna is a blueprint for transcription into ran which will translate to the correct sequence of amino acids to build protein. (enotes.com)
Maillard2
- Demonstration of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities from sugar-amino acid maillard reaction products. (abcam.com)
- caramelization of sugars, and the Maillard reaction of amino acids. (wikipedia.org)
BCAA Powder2
- We found the best affordable Scivation XTEND Energy BCAA Powder Knockout Fruit Punch 125mg Caffeine Sugar Free Pre Workout Muscle Recovery Drink with Amino Acids 7g BCAAs for Men Women 30 Servings Packaging May Vary you can buy at website Amazon.com. (wildfoods.info)
- If you have been looking for a cheap bcaa powder reviews, this Scivation XTEND Energy BCAA Powder Knockout Fruit Punch 125mg Caffeine Sugar Free Pre Workout Muscle Recovery Drink with Amino Acids 7g BCAAs for Men Women 30 Servings Packaging May Vary is the best choice for you. (wildfoods.info)
Type of amino1
- In this work, a new type of amino sugar derivative tagged as amino sugar similar to N-acetyl-glucosamine, commonly used in medical field as medicine to treat osteoarthritis has been synthesized. (upm.edu.my)
Nucleosides1
- Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. (rsc.org)
Isoleucine and valine2
- Department bcaa stevia would be the necessary amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine. (pinksugarcupcakery.com)
- This is a bonded chain of three key amino acids: leucine, isoleucine and valine, which may act as a better transport vehicle for optimal absorption. (kauf.com)
Valine1
- N-Formylation and N-methylation of the alpha-amino group of L-phenylalanine result in extremely decreased responses of the labellar sugar receptor of the fleshfly, whereas the same structural alteration of L-valine hardly affects the response. (rupress.org)
Substrates4
- Fourteen different substrates (five sugars and nine amino acids) and their degradation pathways were assessed for energetic efficiencies based on catabolic ATP yields, calculated from net formed ATP and reducing equivalents. (asm.org)
- Optimized condition yields 73.37 % amino sugar was obtained upon 2 h of reaction, 1:5 molar ratio of substrates, 40 ºC temperature and 17 % enzyme mass. (upm.edu.my)
- In this work we demonstrate that A. baumannii PglC has the ability to utilize three different UDP-sugar substrates: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) or UDP-diNAcBac. (wustl.edu)
- Moreover, all members within a clade are predicted to have the same preference for one of the three possible sugar substrates. (wustl.edu)
Carbohydrate6
- Gruner SAW, Locardi E, Lohof E, Kessler H (2002) Carbohydrate-based mimetics in drug design: sugar amino acids and carbohydrate scaffolds. (springer.com)
- DNA and RNA are examples of which type of compound?A) amino acid B) nucleic acid C) carbohydrate. (enotes.com)
- Although all three species consume much carbohydrate during early development, only the mink was able to regulate sugar transporter activity in response to changes in levels of dietary carbohydrate. (nih.gov)
- In contrast, the sugar transporters of the cat were unresponsive to varying carbohydrate levels, and long-term feeding of a high-carbohydrate diet caused down-regulation of sugar transport in frogs. (nih.gov)
- Recent advances in the area of combinatorial chemistry give unprecedented technological support for rapid compilations of sugar amino acid-based libraries exploiting the diversities of carbohydrate molecules and well-developed solid-phase peptide synthesis methods. (eurekaselect.com)
- The measured carbohydrate and sugar content of 6,76 grams is lower with the 10 grams indicated on the label. (supplementlabtest.com)
Disaccharide1
- Sodium cation (Na + ) attachment is independent from amino group and exerts no influence on their fragmentation patterns in amino group except for mono- and disaccharide fragment ions because there is the possibility of the reducing end effect. (springer.com)
Hydroxyl1
- a MONOSACCHARIDE in which an amino group has replaced an hydroxyl group on one or more occasions. (thefreedictionary.com)
Determination3
- 13. Husak L, Dakhym I, Marchyshyn S, Nakonechna S. Determination of sugars and fructans content in Stachys sieboldii. (innovareacademics.in)
- On the Optimization of Hydrolysis Conditions for Simultaneous Determination of Amino Acids and Amino Sugars in Marine Sediments. (leibniz-zmt.de)
- In the present work different approaches were tested for the optimization of the hydrolysis conditions for the joint determination of amino acids and amino sugars in chitin, an important structural polymer in fungi, invertebrates, algae and the exoskeleton of zooplankton. (leibniz-zmt.de)
Thymidine1
- The synthesis of thymidine-linked sugars. (wikipedia.org)
Carbs1
- With zero carbs, zero calories, and absolutely zero sugar, our XTEND® Hydration & Recovery Drink is a better-tasting, better-for-you sports drink. (bcaabar.com)
Solvent1
- Mixtures of solvent influence the high solubility of sugar and thus increasing the yield. (upm.edu.my)
Proline1
- Proline and serine are the predominant amino acids. (scirp.org)
Thio1
- 6. Thio-Sugars a. (elsevier.com)
Escherichia1
- Intraperiplasmic growth of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J: N-deacetylation of Escherichia coli peptidoglycan amino sugars. (asm.org)
Chemicals1
- SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Dietary intake of nutritious chemicals such as sugars and amino acids is essential for the survival of an animal. (jneurosci.org)
Degradation1
- We compared the degradation behaviour of amino sugars (ASs) and amino acids (AAs) during sedimentation in two lakes. (lib4ri.ch)
Ionic1
- MS/MS spectral patterns depend on many factors such as the sugar chain structure, sugar content, ionic forms of sugars, ionization methods, etc. (springer.com)
Content9
- The purpose of our study was to determine sugars and amino acids content of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. (innovareacademics.in)
- was analyzed for the content of sugars by GC/MS. The amino acids were identified and quantified by HPLC method. (innovareacademics.in)
- These amino acids must be subtracted from the protein content. (supplementlabtest.com)
- There were not differences between irrigated and non-irrigated Q. ilex seedlings in the content of sugar and photosynthetic pigments, while the total amino acid and phenolic content significantly increased under drought conditions. (mdpi.com)
- On the basis of the amino acid analysis we can rule out aminospiking seen there are no abnormal values in relation to the total protein content. (supplementlabtest.com)
- Amino acid quantities were transformed into percentages (% of each AA over the total AA content of a flower). (naturalis.nl)
- nectar volume was negatively related to flies (both hover flies and remaining Diptera), whereas total sugar content was not significant for any guild. (naturalis.nl)
- high amino acids content with Methyl alcohol (0.55 mg g -1 DW) and distilled water record 0.47 mg g -1 DW, while the low of amino acids content (0.27 mg g -1 DW) it was with the Ethanol alcohol extract. (journalajrib.com)
- Also, the yeast protein fractions and the amino acid content of each protein fraction and the whole biomass were determined. (who.int)
Vitamins1
- Amazon is currently offering Morning Liquid Vitamins by MaryRuth's (Raspberry) Vegan Multivitamin A B C D3 E Trace Minerals & Amino Acids Paleo - Gluten Free - 0 Sugar - 32oz for just $33.94. (mojosavings.com)
Scaffolds1
- Tushar K. Chakraborty, Sarva Jayaprakash and Subhash Ghosh, " Sugar Amino Acid Based Scaffolds - Novel Peptidomimetics and Their Potential in Combinatorial Synthesis", Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening (2002) 5: 373. (eurekaselect.com)
Carbon1
- As a group, amino acids (excluding glutamine) contribute the majority of the carbon atoms found in new cells and 20 to 40 percent of the total mass. (syromonoed.com)
Composition4
- Their effectiveness depends mainly on the place of the constituent amino acids rather than on their composition, indicating the decisive role that certain aliphatic amino acids in the C-terminal position play in stimulation. (rupress.org)
- it advisable to study the qualitative composition and quantitative contents of sugars and amino acids from the herb of this plant. (innovareacademics.in)
- Naturalis Institutional Repository: What shapes amino acid and sugar composition in Mediterranean floral nectars? (naturalis.nl)
- We studied the amino acid (AA) composition of the floral nectars of 73 plant species occurring in a phryganic (East Mediterranean garrigue) community and investigated whether AA and sugar composition is shaped by evolutionary (plant phylogeny), ecological (flowering time as a direct effect of summer drought) and coevolutionary (pollinator partnership) constraints. (naturalis.nl)