Amination: The creation of an amine. It can be produced by the addition of an amino group to an organic compound or reduction of a nitro group.Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.Amines: A group of compounds derived from ammonia by substituting organic radicals for the hydrogens. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Rhodium: Rhodium. A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh. (Dorland, 28th ed)Hydrocarbons, Acyclic: Organic compounds composed exclusively of carbon and hydrogen where no carbon atoms join to form a ring structure.Alkenes: Unsaturated hydrocarbons of the type Cn-H2n, indicated by the suffix -ene. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p408)Molecular Structure: The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.Stereoisomerism: The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)Catalysis: The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.Alanine Dehydrogenase: An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible DEAMINATION of L-ALANINE to PYRUVATE and AMMONIA. The enzyme is needed for growth when ALANINE is the sole CARBON or NITROGEN source. It may also play a role in CELL WALL synthesis because L-ALANINE is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer.Lycopodium: A plant genus of the family LYCOPODIACEAE. Members contain ALKALOIDS. Lycopodium oil is obtained from L. clavatum.Physicochemical Processes: Physical reactions involved in the formation of or changes in the structure of atoms and molecules and their interactions.Hydrocarbons, HalogenatedGlutamate Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamate and water to 2-oxoglutarate and NH3 in the presence of NAD+. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.4.1.2.Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22.Phosphines: Inorganic or organic compounds derived from phosphine (PH3) by the replacement of H atoms. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Aziridines: Saturated azacyclopropane compounds. They include compounds with substitutions on CARBON or NITROGEN atoms.Green Chemistry Technology: Pollution prevention through the design of effective chemical products that have low or no toxicity and use of chemical processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances.Cyclization: Changing an open-chain hydrocarbon to a closed ring. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)Amino Acid Oxidoreductases: A class of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions of amino acids.Allyl CompoundsBoron: A trace element with the atomic symbol B, atomic number 5, and atomic weight [10.806; 10.821]. Boron-10, an isotope of boron, is used as a neutron absorber in BORON NEUTRON CAPTURE THERAPY.Styrene: A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics.Styrenes: Derivatives and polymers of styrene. They are used in the manufacturing of synthetic rubber, plastics, and resins. Some of the polymers form the skeletal structures for ion exchange resin beads.Boron Compounds: Inorganic or organic compounds that contain boron as an integral part of the molecule.Alkylation: The covalent bonding of an alkyl group to an organic compound. It can occur by a simple addition reaction or by substitution of another functional group.Liquid-Liquid Extraction: The removal of a soluble component from a liquid mixture by contact with a second liquid, immiscible with the carrier liquid, in which the component is preferentially soluble. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Borohydrides: A class of inorganic or organic compounds that contain the borohydride (BH4-) anion.Solubility: The ability of a substance to be dissolved, i.e. to form a solution with another substance. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)AcetophenonesPropiophenonesomega-Chloroacetophenone: A potent eye, throat, and skin irritant. One of its uses is as a riot control agent.Amidine-Lyases: These enzymes catalyze the elimination of ammonia from amidines with the formation of a double bond. EC 4.3.2.Amides: Organic compounds containing the -CO-NH2 radical. Amides are derived from acids by replacement of -OH by -NH2 or from ammonia by the replacement of H by an acyl group. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Formates: Derivatives of formic acids. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are formed with a single carbon carboxy group.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Formate Dehydrogenases: Flavoproteins that catalyze reversibly the reduction of carbon dioxide to formate. Many compounds can act as acceptors, but the only physiologically active acceptor is NAD. The enzymes are active in the fermentation of sugars and other compounds to carbon dioxide and are the key enzymes in obtaining energy when bacteria are grown on formate as the main carbon source. They have been purified from bovine blood. EC 1.2.1.2.Chromatography, Liquid: Chromatographic techniques in which the mobile phase is a liquid.Solid Phase Extraction: An extraction method that separates analytes using a solid phase and a liquid phase. It is used for preparative sample cleanup before analysis by CHROMATOGRAPHY and other analytical methods.Ochrobactrum anthropi: A species of gram-negative, obligately aerobic rods. Motility occurs by peritrichous flagella. (From Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, 9th ed)KetonesOchrobactrum: A genus of the family BRUCELLACEAE comprising obligately aerobic gram-negative rods with parallel sides and rounded ends.Ketone Bodies: The metabolic substances ACETONE; 3-HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; and acetoacetic acid (ACETOACETATES). They are produced in the liver and kidney during FATTY ACIDS oxidation and used as a source of energy by the heart, muscle and brain.Patents as Topic: Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc.Inventions: A novel composition, device, or process, independently conceived de novo or derived from a pre-existing model.Solvents: Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Biotechnology: Body of knowledge related to the use of organisms, cells or cell-derived constituents for the purpose of developing products which are technically, scientifically and clinically useful. Alteration of biologic function at the molecular level (i.e., GENETIC ENGINEERING) is a central focus; laboratory methods used include TRANSFECTION and CLONING technologies, sequence and structure analysis algorithms, computer databases, and gene and protein structure function analysis and prediction.Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.EthersComputer Security: Protective measures against unauthorized access to or interference with computer operating systems, telecommunications, or data structures, especially the modification, deletion, destruction, or release of data in computers. It includes methods of forestalling interference by computer viruses or so-called computer hackers aiming to compromise stored data.Confidentiality: The privacy of information and its protection against unauthorized disclosure.Chemistry, Organic: The study of the structure, preparation, properties, and reactions of carbon compounds. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)Privacy: The state of being free from intrusion or disturbance in one's private life or affairs. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, 1993)
Reaction specificity of native and nicked 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine decarboxylase. (1/218)
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (Dopa) decarboxylase is a stereospecific pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent alpha-decarboxylase that converts L-aromatic amino acids into their corresponding amines. We now report that reaction of the enzyme with D-5-hydroxytryptophan or D-Dopa results in a time-dependent inactivation and conversion of the PLP coenzyme to pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate and PLP-D-amino acid Pictet-Spengler adducts, which have been identified by high performance liquid chromatography. We also show that the reaction specificity of Dopa decarboxylase toward aromatic amines depends on the experimental conditions. Whereas oxidative deamination occurs under aerobic conditions (Bertoldi, M., Moore, P. S., Maras, B., Dominici, P., and Borri Voltattorni, C. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23954-23959; Bertoldi, M., Dominici, P., Moore, P. S., Maras, B., and Borri Voltattorni, C. (1998) Biochemistry 37, 6552-6561), half-transamination and Pictet-Spengler reactions take place under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, we examined the reaction specificity of nicked Dopa decarboxylase, obtained by selective tryptic cleavage of the native enzyme between Lys334 and His335. Although this enzymatic species does not exhibit either decarboxylase or oxidative deamination activities, it retains a large percentage of the native transaminase activity toward D-aromatic amino acids and displays a slow transaminase activity toward aromatic amines. These transamination reactions occur concomitantly with the formation of cyclic coenzyme-substrate adducts. Together with additional data, we thus suggest that native Dopa decarboxylase can exist as an equilibrium among "open," "half-open," and "closed" forms. (+info)Effect of the ratio between essential and nonessential amino acids in the diet on utilization of nitrogen and amino acids by growing pigs. (2/218)
In 36 growing pigs (30 to 60 kg), N balance and amino acid (AA) composition of weight gain were measured to evaluate the interactive effect of the ratio between N from essential amino acids (EAA(N)) to nonessential amino acids (NEAA(N)) and total N level (T(N)) in the diet on N retention and utilization of N, EAA(N), NEAA(N), and AA. Nine diets composed from ordinary feedstuffs and supplemented with crystalline AA were used (three EAA(N):NEAA(N) ratios of 38:62, 50:50, and 62:38 at three T(N) levels of 18.8, 22.9, and 30.0 g/kg). Pigs were fed restrictedly, at a level of 2.8 x energy for maintenance. In all diets, EAA (including arginine) supply was according to or slightly above the recommended ratios to lysine. Measurements were done in four blocks of nine pigs each. In a concomitant slaughter experiment, the AA composition of deposited body protein was determined to estimate AA utilization. The effects of T(N) and EAA(N):NEAA(N) and their interaction for N retention and utilization were significant. Nitrogen retention increased with higher T(N) in the diet. Increasing EAA(N):NEAA(N) from 38:62 to 50:50 improved N retention only at the two lower T(N) levels. Increasing EAA(N): NEAA(N) above 50:50 failed to improve N retention significantly at any of the three T(N) levels. Lowering T(N) improved the utilization of total and digested N and of EAA(N) and NEAA(N). The increase in EAA(N): NEAA(N) consistently resulted in a lower utilization of EAA(N), but this was compensated by a higher utilization of NEAA(N). The utilization of T(N) was improved by increasing EAA(N):NEAA(N) from 38:62 to 50:50 at the two lower T(N) levels and was relatively unaffected by EAA(N):NEAA(N) at the highest T(N). However, a lower utilization of N was observed at a ratio of 62:38 at a T(N) level of 22.9 g/kg. The effects were similar for utilization of individual EAA and NEAA. Utilization of alanine, aspartic acid, and glycine was close to or >100% at the highest EAA(N):NEAA(N), which was expected because all of these AA are synthesized in pigs. Also, the utilization of arginine was >100% in most of the treatments, which confirms the semiessential character of this AA for maintenance. We concluded that the required ratio of EAA(N):NEAA(N) for optimal N retention and utilization is approximately 50:50. The EAA(N):NEAA(N) is more important at lower dietary protein levels. This study indicates that EAA(N): NEAA(N) can be increased up to 70:30 without lowering the utilization of N. Thus, deaminated EAA(N) was efficiently utilized for the synthesis of NEAA(N). (+info)Effects of branched-chain-enriched amino acids and insulin on forearm leucine kinetics. (3/218)
Although amino acid mixtures enriched in branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) and deficient in aromatic amino acids (AAA) are often used together with insulin and glucose in clinical nutrition, their physiological effects on muscle protein anabolism are not known. To this aim, we studied forearm leucine kinetics in post-absorptive volunteers, before and after the systemic infusion of BCAA-enriched, AAA-deficient amino acids along with insulin and the euglycaemic clamp. The results were compared with the effects of insulin infusion alone. A compartmental leucine forearm model was employed at steady state. Hyperaminoacidaemia with hyperinsulinaemia (to approximately 80-100 micro-units/ml) increased the leucine plasma concentration (+70%; P<0.001), inflow into the forearm cell (+150%; P<0.01), disposal into protein synthesis (+100%; P<0.01), net intracellular retention (P<0.01), net forearm balance (by approximately 6-fold; P<0.01) and net deamination to alpha-ketoisocaproate (4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate) (+9%; P<0.05). Leucine release from forearm proteolysis and outflow from the forearm cell were unchanged. In contrast, hyperinsulinaemia alone decreased plasma leucine concentrations (-35%; P<0.001) and leucine inflow (-20%; P<0.05) and outflow (-30%; P<0.01) into and out of forearm cell(s), it increased net intracellular leucine retention (P<0.03), and it did not change leucine release from forearm proteolysis (-20%; P=0.138), net leucine deamination to alpha-ketoisocaproate, leucine disposal into protein synthesis or net forearm protein balance. By considering all data together, leucine disposal into protein synthesis was directly correlated with leucine inflow into the cell (r=0.71; P<0.0001). These data indicate that the infusion of BCAA-enriched, AAA-deficient amino acids along with insulin is capable of stimulating forearm (i.e. muscle) protein anabolism in normal volunteers by enhancing intracellular leucine transport and protein synthesis. These effects are probably due to hyperaminoacidaemia and/or its interaction with hyperinsulinaemia, since they were not observed under conditions of hyperinsulinaemia alone. (+info)Fluorescent neoglycolipids. Improved probes for oligosaccharide ligand discovery. (4/218)
A second generation of lipid-linked oligosaccharide probes, fluorescent neoglycolipids, has been designed and synthesized for ligand discovery within highly complex mixtures of oligosaccharides. The aminolipid 1,2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DHPE), which has been used extensively to generate neoglycolipids for biological and structural studies, has been modified to incorporate a fluorescent label, anthracene. This new lipid reagent, N-aminoacetyl-N-(9-anthracenylmethyl)-1, 2-dihexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (ADHP), synthesized from anthracenaldehyde and DHPE gives an intense fluorescence under UV light. Fluorescent neoglycolipids derived from a variety of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides by conjugation to ADHP, by reductive amination, can be detected and quantified by spectrophotometry and scanning densitometry, and resolved by TLC and HPLC with subpicomole detection. Antigenicities of the ADHP-neoglycolipids are well retained, and picomole levels can be detected using monoclonal carbohydrate sequence-specific antibodies. Among O-glycans from an ovarian cystadenoma mucin, isomeric oligosaccharide sequences, sialyl-Lea- and sialyl-Lex-active, could be resolved by HPLC as fluorescent neoglycolipids, and sequenced by liquid secondary-ion mass spectrometry. Thus the neoglycolipid technology now uniquely combines high sensitivity of immuno-detection with a comparable sensitivity of chemical detection. Principles are thus established for a streamlined technology whereby an oligosaccharide population is carried through ligand detection and ligand isolation steps, and sequence determination by mass spectrometry, enzymatic sequencing and other state-of-the-art technologies for carbohydrate analysis. (+info)Structure of the Bordetella pertussis 1414 endotoxin. (5/218)
The endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide) of Bordetella pertussis, the agent of whooping cough, consists of a lipid A linked to a highly branched dodecasaccharide containing several acid and amino sugars. The elucidation of the polysaccharide structure was accomplished by first analyzing the structures of fragments obtained by hydrolysis and nitrous deamination and then piecing the fragments together. The fine structure of the antigenic distal pentasaccharide, presented here, was determined by chemical analyses as well as by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The complete structure was reconstituted and confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. The following structure was derived from the combined experimental data:The detailed structure combined with previously reported serological data now allows the synthesis of its epitopes for potential vaccines. (+info)Electrospray mass spectrometry and fragmentation of N-linked carbohydrates derivatized at the reducing terminus. (6/218)
Derivatives were prepared from N-linked glycans by reductive amination from 2-aminobenzamide, 2-aminopyridine, 3-aminoquinoline, 2-aminoacridone, 4-amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamide, and the methyl, ethyl, and butyl esters of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Their electrospray and collision-induced dissociation (CID) fragmentation spectra were examined with a Q-TOF mass spectrometer. The strongest signals were obtained from the [M + Na]+ ions for all derivatives except sugars derivatized with 4-amino-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)benzamide which gave very strong doubly charged [M + H + Na]2+ ions. The strongest [M + Na]+ ion signals were obtained from the butyl ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid and the weakest from 2-aminopyridine. The most informative spectra were recorded from the [M + Li]+ or [M + Na]+ ions. These spectra were dominated by ions produced by sequence-revealing glycosidic cleavages and "internal" fragments. Linkage-revealing cross-ring cleavage ions were reasonably abundant, particularly from high-mannose glycans. Although the nature of the derivative was found to have little effect upon the fragmentation pattern, 3-aminoquinoline derivatives gave marginally more abundant cross-ring fragments than the other derivatives. [M + H]+ ions formed only glycosidic fragments with few, if any, cross-ring cleavage ions. Doubly charged molecular ions gave less informative spectra; singly charged fragments were weak, and molecular ions containing hydrogen ([M + 2H]2+ and [M + H + Na]2+) fragmented as the [M + H]+ singly charged ions with no significant cross-ring cleavages. (+info)Bisulfite genomic sequencing: systematic investigation of critical experimental parameters. (7/218)
Bisulfite genomic sequencing is the method of choice for the generation of methylation maps with single-base resolution. The method is based on the selective deamination of cytosine to uracil by treatment with bisulfite and the sequencing of subsequently generated PCR products. In contrast to cytosine, 5-methylcytosine does not react with bisulfite and can therefore be distinguished. In order to investigate the potential for optimization of the method and to determine the critical experimental parameters, we determined the influence of incubation time and incubation temperature on the deamination efficiency and measured the degree of DNA degradation during the bisulfite treatment. We found that maximum conversion rates of cytosine occurred at 55 degrees C (4-18 h) and 95 degrees C (1 h). Under these conditions at least 84-96% of the DNA is degraded. To study the impact of primer selection, homologous DNA templates were constructed possessing cytosine-containing and cytosine-free primer binding sites, respectively. The recognition rates for cytosine (>/=97%) and 5-methylcytosine (>/=94%) were found to be identical for both templates. (+info)1-Oxo-2-hydroxy-1,2-dihydroacronycine: a useful synthon in the acronycine series for the introduction of amino substituents at 6-position and for the conversion into isopropylfuroacridones. (8/218)
Thermic aromatic nucleophilic displacement of the methoxy group at C-6 of (+/-)-1-oxo-2-hydroxy-1,2-dihydroacronycine (2) by an amine is a reaction that gives a facile entry to acronycine derivatives bearing an amino substituent at this position. The introduction of the amino substituents was confirmed with a long-range 1H-15N correlation NMR spectrum at natural abundance. Under basic conditions, compound 2 can also be rearranged to the corresponding isopropylfuroacridone 12, in 80% yield. (+info)Amination[edit]. An important reaction is the conversion of hydroquinone to the mono- and diamino derivatives. ...
Reductive amination[edit]. Acetone can be transformed into isopropylamine as follows:[citation needed] ... Ammonium formate can be used for reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones (Leuckart reaction), by the following reaction:[3 ...
Deng, Guojun; Wenwen Chen; Chao-Jun Li (February 2009). "An Unusual Peroxide-Mediated Amination of Cycloalkanes with ...
Kumar A, Sharma S, Maurya RA (2010). "Single Nucleotide-Catalyzed Biomimetic Reductive Amination". Advanced Synthesis and ...
doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)83958-1. Erdik, E.; Ay, M. (1989). "Electrophilic amination of carbanions". Chemical Reviews. 89 (8 ... can behave as an electrophile at the nitrogen atom and react with a nucleophile as for example in the electrophilic amination ...
The rate of amination for three azoles proceeds quickest to slowest as follows: 1-methylbenzimidazole > 1-methylnaphth-[2,3-d] ... Amination Chichibabin, A. E.; Zeide, O. A. (1914). "[New Reaction for Compounds Containing the Pyridine Nucleus]". Zhur. Russ. ... The following is the overall form of the general reaction: The direct amination of pyridine with sodium amide takes place in ... For thermodynamically controlled additions, the rate of amination is related to the stability of the σ-adduct. Ease of hydride ...
Huber, Claudia; Günter Wächtershäuser (February 2003). "Primordial reductive amination revisited". Tetrahedron Letters. 44 (8 ...
Fernandez, E.; Maeda, K.; Hooper, M.W.; Brown, J.M. (2000). "Catalytic Asymmetric Hydroboration/Amination and Alkylamination ... "Catalytic asymmetric hydroboration-amination". Chemical Communications (2): 173. doi:10.1039/A606827H. ...
Amination of poly(styryl)lithium". Macromolecules. 19 (5): 1291-1294. Bibcode:1986MaMol..19.1291Q. doi:10.1021/ma00159a001. ...
Reductive amination Forster, Martin Onslow (1899). "XCI.-Influence of substitution on specific rotation in the bornylamine ...
Amination of Secondary C−H Bonds". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 55 (34). doi:10.1002/anie.201604704/abstract. ISSN ... strategy that expands the scope of the Hofmann-Löffler-Freytag reaction via the Suárez modification to enable the amination of ...
Since then, this ligand has been utilized in multiple reactions including the amination of a wide range of aryl halides and ... XPhos was first used in 2003 for the general amination and amidation of arenesulfonates and aryl halides. XPhos has also been ... BrettPhos was originally reported in 2008 for the Pd-catalyzed amination of aryl mesylates and aryl halides. This ligand helps ... Charles, Mark D.; Schultz, Phillip; Buchwald, Stephen L. (1 September 2005). "Efficient Pd-Catalyzed Amination of Heteroaryl ...
Johnson, Jeffrey S.; Berman, Ashley M. (2005-07-01). "Nickel-Catalyzed Electrophilic Amination of Organozinc Halides". Synlett ... precatalysts also promote the amination of aryl chlorides, sulfamates, mesylates, and triflates. The nickel catalyst, (dppf)Ni( ... "Development of an Air-Stable Nickel Precatalyst for the Amination of Aryl Chlorides, Sulfamates, Mesylates, and Triflates". ...
... and α-amination… [reactions] of carbonyl compounds. In the literature, this reaction has been referred to by different names: [ ...
Klages, Claus-Peter; Alena Hinze; Peter Willich; Michael Thomas (2010). "Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma Amination of Polymer ...
Müller, T. E. Beller, M. (1998). "Metal-Initiated Amination of Alkenes and Alkynes". Chemical Reviews. 98 (2): 675-704. doi: ... doi:10.1016/s0957-4166(03)00429-4. Müller, Thomas E.; Beller, Matthias (1 April 1998). "Metal-Initiated Amination of Alkenes ... Koller, Jürgen; Bergman, Robert G. (22 November 2010). "Highly Efficient Aluminum-Catalyzed Hydro-amination/-hydrazination of ... catalytic amination of monoolefins". Journal of Molecular Catalysis. 49 (3): 235-259. doi:10.1016/0304-5102(89)85015-1. Johns, ...
Paradine, SM & White, MC (2012). "Iron-Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylic C-H Amination". Journal of the American Chemical ... most recent being the White catalyst's dehydrogenative Diels-Alder reaction and the iron-mediated intramolecular C-H amination ...
... electrophilic amination. Hassner's group pioneered in methodology for synthesis of small ring heterocycles such as aziridines, ...
Barrault, J.; Pouilloux, Y. (1997). "Catalytic Amination Reactions: Synthesis of fatty amines. Selectivity control in presence ...
Abdel-Magid, A. F.; Mehrman, S. J. (2006). "A Review on the Use of Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride in the Reductive Amination of ... Pandit, C. R.; Mani, N. S. (2009). "Expedient reductive amination of aldehyde bisulfite adducts". Synthesis (23): 4032-4036. ... Studies on Direct and Indirect Reductive Amination Procedures1". The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 61 (11): 3849-3862. doi: ... Sodium triacetoxyborohydride is especially suitable for reductive aminations of aldehydes and ketones. However, unlike sodium ...
Pyrimidine biosynthesis Lieberman I (1956). "Enzymatic amination of uridine triphosphate to cytidine triphosphate". The Journal ...
It is especially favored for reductive aminations, wherein aldehydes or ketones are treated with an amine in the presence of ... Selectivity is achieved at mildly basic solutions (pH 7-10). The reagent is ideal for reductive aminations ("Borch Reaction"). ... doi:10.1002/047084289X.rs059.pub2 Ellen W. Baxter, Allen B. Reitz Reductive Aminations of Carbonyl Compounds with Borohydride ... The commercial samples can be purified but the yields of the reductive aminations do not improve. Sodium triacetoxyborohydride ...
Kretovich VL, Stepanovich KM (1966). "[The enzyme catalyzing the reductive amination of oxypyruvate]". Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR. ...
In the N-amination of the unsubstituted tetrazole, a mixture of 1-amino- and 2-aminotetrazole is obtained. Also sulfur ... T.M. Klapötke; D.G. Piercey; J. Stierstorfer (2012). "Amination of energetic anions: high-performing energetic materials". ... N-amination of 1H-benzotriazole with hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid yields a mixture of 1-aminobenzotriazole (major product) and ...
Arylation, amination, and chlorination of benzylamines were also realized in March 2017. Wang, Xiao-Chen; Gong, Wei; Fang, Li- ... In October 2016, meta-C−H amination, alkynylation, as well as chlorination of aniline and phenol substrates were reported by Yu ... "Ligand-Promoted meta-C-H Amination and Alkynylation". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 138 (42): 14092-14099. doi: ...
Amination is the process by which an amine group is introduced into an organic molecule. This type of reaction is important ... Amination can occur in a number of ways including reaction with ammonia or another amine such as an alkylation, reductive ... In electrophilic amination, the amine as the nucleophile react with another the organic compound as the electrophile. This ... Many alkyl amines are produced industrially by the amination of alcohols using ammonia in the presence of acid catalysts. ...
Reductive amination (also known as reductive alkylation) is a form of amination that involves the conversion of a carbonyl ... ISBN 1-57259-153-6. Current methods for reductive amination Industrial Reductive amination at BASF. ... A step in the biosynthesis of many α-amino acids is the reductive amination of an α-ketoacid, usually by a transaminase enzyme ... This approach, known as direct reductive amination, employs reducing agents that are more reactive toward protonated imines ...
In particular, the processes provide for the reductive amination of 6-keto morphinans by cat ... Reductive amination of 6-keto normorphinans by catalytic hydrogen transfer. 2013-06-25. Grote et al.. 546/74. ... Remove Amination of 6-Keto Normorphinans by Catalytic Hydrogen Transfer. 2010-12-16. Grote et al.. ... The process involves the transformation of a 6-keto moiety of a morphinan to a 6-amino moiety by reductive amination in a ...
A rhodium-catalyzed amination reaction of aryl halides with amines takes place in the presence of a N-heterocyclic carbene ... The [RuCl2(p-cymene)]2/Ph2SiH2 catalytic system is very efficient for the reductive amination of aldehydes with anilines to ... Regioselective amination of unsymmetrical diaryl sulfoxides was also executed by means of steric bias.. Y. Yoshida, S. Otsuka, ... This amination tolerates a wide range of functional groups such as silyl, boryl, methylsulfanyl, and halogen moieties. ...
The selectivity of the amination of 2,6-dichloroquinoline was very low, substantially better results were obtained with 2,8- ... dichloroquinoline, and 4,8- and 4,7-dichloroquinolines provided the best yields of the amination products. Diamination of 4,8- ... Pd-catalyzed amination of isomeric 2,6-, 2,8-, 4,8- and 4,7-dichloroquinolines was studied using adamantane-containing amines ... Keywords: amines; adamantane; Pd catalysis; amination; quinoline amines; adamantane; Pd catalysis; amination; quinoline ...
Complex N-Heterocycle Synthesis via Iron-Catalyzed, Direct C-H Bond Amination ... Complex N-Heterocycle Synthesis via Iron-Catalyzed, Direct C-H Bond Amination ... Complex N-Heterocycle Synthesis via Iron-Catalyzed, Direct C-H Bond Amination ... Complex N-Heterocycle Synthesis via Iron-Catalyzed, Direct C-H Bond Amination ...
The DPEphos ligand is superior to DPPF in the case of palladium-catalyzed benzylic amination of benzylic esters.. R. Kuwano, Y ... A protocol for the dehydrative amination of alcohols in water using a water-soluble calix[4]resorcinarene sulfonic acid as a ... Nickel nanoparticles catalyse the reductive amination of aldehydes by transfer hydrogenation with isopropanol at 76 C.. F. ... Aromatic aldehydes can be converted to α-amino anion equivalents via amination with 2,2-diphenylglycine and subsequent ...
One of the most attractive strategies is the stereoselective installation of a chiral amine through C H amination, which is a ... Whole-cell biocatalysts for stereoselective C-H amination reactions. Journal. Angewandte Chemie, International Edition. Volume ... benzylic aminations with ee values of 97.5 %. The cascade uses four heterologously expressed recombinant enzymes with cofactors ... cell biocatalyst for formal stereoselective C H amination. ...
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Ruthenium-catalyzed conversion of levulinic acid to pyrrolidines by reductive amination.. [Yao-Bing Huang, Jian-Jun Dai, Xiao- ...
... amination, hydrazination, hydroxyamination and related α-heteroatom functionalization of aldehydes, ketones and related active ... Organocatalytic asymmetric α-oxidation and amination reactions of carbonyl compounds are highly useful synthetic methodologies ... Organocatalyzed Asymmetric α-Oxidation, α-Aminoxylation and α-Amination of Carbonyl Compounds. Tirayut Vilaivan * and Worawan ... "Organocatalyzed Asymmetric α-Oxidation, α-Aminoxylation and α-Amination of Carbonyl Compounds." Molecules 15, no. 2: 917-958. ...
... more environmentally conservative solvents have been evaluated for use within the direct reductive amination reactions of ... reductive amination. processes Fiona I. McGonagle,a Donna S. MacMillan,a Jane Murray,b Helen F. Sneddon,c Craig Jamiesona and ... reductive amination. processes F. I. McGonagle, D. S. MacMillan, J. Murray, H. F. Sneddon, C. Jamieson and A. J. B. Watson, ... have been evaluated for use within the direct reductive amination reactions of aldehydes. using borane. -based reductants. The ...
This is known as direct reductive amination and is carried out with reducing agents that are more reactive toward protonated ... Reductive amination involves the conversion of a carbonyl group, most of the time a ketone or an aldehyde, to an amine via an ... Reductive amination involves the conversion of a carbonyl group, most of the time a ketone or an aldehyde, to an amine via an ... This is known as direct reductive amination and is carried out with reducing agents that are more reactive toward protonated ...
Formation and speciation of disinfection byproducts during chlor(am)ination of aquarium seawater.. [Haiting Zhang, Huiyu Dong, ...
A Seminal Supported Resin for Reductive Amination. 18 April 2016 Biotage® MP-Triacetoxyborohydride is a macroporous polystyrene ... The resin has primary applications in the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones under neutral or mildly acidic reaction ... Sodium triacetoxyborohydride has emerged as one of the reagents used most frequently for carrying out reductive amination of ...
Lamani, M. and Prabhu, K. R. (2012), NIS-Catalyzed Reactions: Amidation of Acetophenones and Oxidative Amination of ...
... palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions and a method for visible light-mediated radical decarboxylative amination. ...
Among the best-performing homogeneous catalysts for the direct amination of activated secondary alcohols with electron-poor ... Direct Amination of Alcohols Catalyzed by Aluminum Triflate: An Experimental and Computational Study. ... Among the best-performing homogeneous catalysts for the direct amination of activated secondary alcohols with electron-poor ...
Amination at the β-position of 2-arylpropionitriles through catalytic dehydrogenation occurred by using [PdCl2(PMe3)2] catalyst ...
It is very useful in reductive amination and in the reduction of imines. Cyanide contamination of the product is a concern when ... Reductive Amination - Use Of SiliaBond® Cyanoborohydride. SiliaBond® Cyanoborohydride is the silica bound equivalent of sodium ... It is very useful in reductive amination and in the reduction of imines. Cyanide contamination of the product is a concern when ...
Angewandte Chemie Iron-Mediated Aminations Intramolecular Aromatic Amination through Iron-Mediated Nitrene Transfer** Michael P ... Intramolecular Aromatic Amination through Iron-Mediated Nitrene Transfer.. код для вставки. код для вставки на сайт или в блог ... Scheme 2. Common mechanism for observed NIH shifts in the hydroxylation and amination reactions; L is presumably CH3CN. Angew. ... and even aromatic amination, are clearly implied. Moreover, the apparent generation of an imidoiron(iv) species suggests the ...
Solvent-Free Amination of Heteroaromatic Chlorides. Author(s): Erwan Le Gall, Stephane Sengmany, Corinne Gosmini, Jacques ... Keywords:Amination, heteroaromatic chlorides, solvent-free reaction. Abstract: The coupling of 5-membered heterocyclic amines ... Erwan Le Gall, Stephane Sengmany, Corinne Gosmini, Jacques Perichon and Pascal Retailleau, " Solvent-Free Amination of ...
Reductive amination of butanal and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) with ammonia (at ammonia/MEK molar ratios of ~ 14.5) and hydrogen ... Mass Transfer Rates During Three Phase Catalytic Reductive Amination over Supported Noble Metals. Domenii publicaţii > Chimie ... Rhodium and platinum based catalysts showed the highest activity in reductive amination of butanal and MEK. The rhodium ... Cuvinte cheie: Reductive amination, Butanal, Methyl ethyl ketone, Noble metal catalysts, Mass transfer ...
Catalytic amination of isopropanolamine and ammonia to 1,2-propanediamine over Raney Ni with potassium carbonate as the ... Li Y, Cheng H, Zhang C, Zhang B, Liu T, Wu Q, Su X, Lin W, Zhao F (2017) Reductive amination of 1,6-hexanediol with Ru/Al2O3 ... Zhang Y, Bai G, Yan X, Li Y, Zeng T, Wang J, Wang H, Xing J, Luan D, Tang X, Chen L (2007) Amination of ethanolamine over ... Wang W, Yu Q, Zhang Q, Mei S, Yuan J, Zhao F, Yang J, Lu J (2017) Reductive amination of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol and ...
C-H amination transition metal catalysis organic chemistry. Abstract:. Nitrogen functionality is ubiquitous in biologically ... In seeking to expand the scope of this C-H amination methodology, we were struck by a clear divergence in the literature ... C(sp3)-H aminations under first row transition metal catalysis. Welcome to the IDEALS Repository. ... C-H amination represents a powerful alternative synthetic strategy. This approach involves the direct functionalization of ...
ReactionsAminesCatalysisCarbonyl CompoundsCatalystsAlkylationElectrophilic aminationReactionStereoselective C H aminationCatalyticAlcoholsAromaticKetonesFormed through reductive aminationReductive amination methodIndirect reductive aminationOrganocatalytic Reductive AminationAmmoniaChiralChemistryCatalystTransaminasesCell biotransformationProtonated iminesNitreneProcessesOxidativeRadicalAminoLigandPalladium-catalyzedNitrogenDirectMannichReductionKetoneAcetoneLeuckartSodium
- Organocatalytic asymmetric α-oxidation and amination reactions of carbonyl compounds are highly useful synthetic methodologies, especially in generating chiral building blocks that previously have not been easily accessible by traditional methods. (mdpi.com)
- The scope of this review includes new reactions and catalysts, mechanistic aspects and synthetic applications of α-oxidation, hydroxylation, aminoxylation, amination, hydrazination, hydroxyamination and related α-heteroatom functionalization of aldehydes, ketones and related active methylene compounds published during 2005-2009. (mdpi.com)
- A range of alternative, more environmentally conservative solvents have been evaluated for use within the direct reductive amination reactions of aldehydes using borane -based reductants. (rsc.org)
- Lamani, M. and Prabhu, K. R. (2012), NIS-Catalyzed Reactions: Amidation of Acetophenones and Oxidative Amination of Propiophenones. (wiley.com)
- Presented herein is the development and evaluation of several palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions and a method for visible light-mediated radical decarboxylative amination. (ku.edu)
- By analogy to oxoiron species that mediate heme monooxygenase chemistry, high-valent imido complexes are typically invoked as reactive intermediates in these amination reactions,[2, although imido complexes of iron are generally very rare. (docme.ru)
- We report herein efficient and selective ortho-hydroxylation and amination reactions of the a-aromatic substituent afforded by these respective reagents (Scheme 1). (docme.ru)
- Although small molecule iron and manganese catalysts were first explored for metallonitrene-mediated C-H amination reactions, the majority of synthetic advances in the field have been with noble metal dirhodium carboxylate catalysts. (illinois.edu)
- The application of the phosphine adducts to both Suzuki coupling and Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions with aryl chloride substrates was examined, and the performance of these catalysts versus conventional palladium sources was evaluated. (soton.ac.uk)
- Typically, the best activity is seen with tricyclohexylphosphine adducts in Suzuki coupling and tri-tert-butylphosphine analogues in amination reactions. (soton.ac.uk)
- In nearly all the amination reactions performed, small amounts of a second product species were observed, namely 4,6-bis(aryl)-3,4-dihydro-2H[1,xazines. (soton.ac.uk)
- Chitosan has been routinely used in membrane preparation due to its abundance, hydrophilicity and environmental benignancy, which can be modified by hydroxylation and amination reactions [2, 8- (thefreedictionary.com)
- The emphasis of the research is on addressing fundamental challenges such as the use of carbon dioxide (C02) as a synthesis building block or more efficient amination reactions. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Whole cell biotransformation for reductive amination reactions. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Preparation of a small library of secondary amino acids was achieved by solution-phase organic synthesis using reductive amination reactions with selected cc-amino acids and aromatic aldehydes. (rit.edu)
- We have different types of reactors that have the ability to handle a variety of amination reactions. (science-marketplace.org)
- Another useful feature of reductive amination reactions is that two (or three if one starts with ammonia) reductive aminations can be employed in sequence. (masterorganicchemistry.com)
- This research project is directed toward the development of new catalytic systems for stereoselective C-H amination reactions. (grantome.com)
- For this particular proposal, we will focus on the utilization of cobalt(II) chiral porphyrin complexes [Co(II)(Por*)] as a class of new chiral catalyts to advance the enantioselective C-H amination reactions for stereoselective synthesis of valuable diamines and amino alcohols. (grantome.com)
- We hope these studies will ultimately lead to the development of practical Co(II)-based catalytic systems for general C-H amination reactions that can be successfully applied toward the stereoselective synthesis of biologically important natural products and pharmaceutically interesting small molecules. (grantome.com)
- Our goal is to develop one-step, non-directed C-H amination reactions of arenes that are enabled by palladium catalysts and electrophilic amination reagents. (wpi.edu)
- The effect of palladium source, ligand, amination reagent, solvent, temperature and additives on the yield of amination reactions are investigated in detail. (wpi.edu)
- R. A. Altman, Fors, B. P. , and Buchwald, S. L. " Pd-catalyzed amination reactions of aryl halides using bulky biarylmonophosphine ligands " , Nature Protocols , 2007 , 2 (11), 2881-2887. (mit.edu)
- Many alkyl amines are produced industrially by the amination of alcohols using ammonia in the presence of acid catalysts. (wikipedia.org)
- The [RuCl 2 ( p -cymene)] 2 /Ph 2 SiH 2 catalytic system is very efficient for the reductive amination of aldehydes with anilines to provide secondary amines and tertiary amines in good yields. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Pd-catalyzed amination of isomeric 2,6-, 2,8-, 4,8- and 4,7-dichloroquinolines was studied using adamantane-containing amines in which substituents at the nitrogen atom differ in bulkiness. (mdpi.com)
- A protocol for the dehydrative amination of alcohols in water using a water-soluble calixresorcinarene sulfonic acid as a reusable multifunctional catalyst allows an environmentally benign synthesis of benzylic and allylic amines. (organic-chemistry.org)
- Sodium triacetoxyborohydride has emerged as one of the reagents used most frequently for carrying out reductive amination of carbonyl compounds, a reaction that is also known as reductive alkylation of amines. (biotage.com)
- As a result, the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with amines by photoredox catalysis proceeds in good to excellent yields and with broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance. (unibas.ch)
- Amination is the reaction process of introducing amine groups (-NH2) into organic molecules to form amines. (science-marketplace.org)
- It might take some time to appreciate, but reductive amination is an extremely powerful way of making amines. (masterorganicchemistry.com)
- Asymmetric reductive amination of ketones using ω-transaminases (ω-TAs) offers a promising alternative to the chemocatalytic synthesis of chiral amines. (elsevier.com)
- The application of ionic organic bases in the copper‐catalyzed amination reaction (Ullmann reaction) has been studied at room temperature, with sub‐mol‐% catalyst loadings, and with more challenging amines at elevated temperatures. (imperial.ac.uk)
- This scavenger can be applied to the rapid clean-up of tertiary amines prepared through reductive amination using MP-Triacetoxyborohydride and microwave irradiation. (biotage.com)
- The alkylation of ammonia, Gabriel synthesis, reduction of nitriles, reduction of amides, reduction of nitrocompounds, and reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones are methods commonly used for preparing amines. (cliffsnotes.com)
- The described modularized concept enables the construction of tailored single-cell catalysts which provide all required enzymes for asymmetric reductive amination in a flexible fashion, representing a more efficient approach for the production of chiral amines and amino acids. (biomedcentral.com)
- This amination provides the first example of CN bond formation which directly introduces acyclic and cyclic amines to the α-position of phosphonates in one step. (duke.edu)
- The first chapter of this dissertation describes the development of the first synthetically useful C-H amination method under iron catalysis. (illinois.edu)
- for allylic C-H amination over a range of olefin classes and exhibiting site-selectivity trends that are orthogonal to those observed under rhodium catalysis. (illinois.edu)
- Graphical abstract FeSO + CrCl 4 3 Oxidation-precipitation Cr-Fe O 3 4 NH NH + H O 3 2 2 Keywords C(sp )-H activation Radicals Cr-doped magnetite Catalytic amination Metals Heterogeneous catalysis Introduction bonds, which broadens the synthetic approach to organic synthesis. (deepdyve.com)
- Moreover, the reactivity of such a cobalt catalysis could be diverted from C-H fluorination to amination by engineering substrates' conformational flexibility. (chem8.org)
- Vilaivan T, Bhanthumnavin W. Organocatalyzed Asymmetric α-Oxidation, α-Aminoxylation and α-Amination of Carbonyl Compounds. (mdpi.com)
- A classic named reaction is the Mignonac reaction (1921) involving reaction of a ketone with ammonia over a nickel catalyst for example in a synthesis of 1-phenylethylamine starting from acetophenone: Nowadays, one-pot reductive amination fulfil by acid-metal catalysts that act as a hydride transfer. (wikipedia.org)
- Among the best-performing homogeneous catalysts for the direct amination of activated secondary alcohols with electron-poor amine derivatives, metal triflates, such as aluminum triflate, Al(OTf) , stand out. (americanelements.com)
- Reductive amination of butanal and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) with ammonia (at ammonia/MEK molar ratios of ~ 14.5) and hydrogen has been performed at 50 bar and 323-353 K over graphite and charcoal supported noble metal catalysts. (ad-astra.ro)
- Rhodium and platinum based catalysts showed the highest activity in reductive amination of butanal and MEK. (ad-astra.ro)
- Existing catalysts for C(sp3)-H amination, including our [FeIIIPc] catalyst, are either highly reactive or highly selective, but not both. (illinois.edu)
- Various plug-and-play combinations of the enzymes led to the construction of a series of single-cell catalysts suitable for the amination of various types of substrates. (biomedcentral.com)
- Amination can occur in a number of ways including reaction with ammonia or another amine such as an alkylation, reductive amination and the Mannich reaction. (wikipedia.org)
- Reductive amination (also known as reductive alkylation) is a form of amination that involves the conversion of a carbonyl group to an amine via an intermediate imine. (wikipedia.org)
- In electrophilic amination, the amine as the nucleophile react with another the organic compound as the electrophile. (wikipedia.org)
- When the amine is used as an electrophile, the reaction is called electrophilic amination. (wikipedia.org)
- In this reaction, DPPA acts as an electrophilic amination reagent. (uzh.ch)
- A direct approach to important α-amino phosphonic acids and its derivatives has been developed by using copper-catalyzed electrophilic amination of α-phosphonate zincates with O-acyl hydroxylamines. (duke.edu)
- The resin has primary applications in the reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones under neutral or mildly acidic reaction conditions. (biotage.com)
- Ene reaction was accomplished via addition of PhTAD to the allylic position to react with syn and anti diastereomers for α-amination. (deepdyve.com)
- The paradigm proposed herein for the exploitation of vinyl cations will also open up new vistas in the centuries-old aldol reaction and in amination chemistry. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Two different reaction schemes are illustrated in Figure 2 and Figure 3 [14, where the common end-group forms of PEG-PLA derivatives include hydroformylation, propylene acylation, and amination . (thefreedictionary.com)
- This reaction is exploited en route to popular antioxidants such as 2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol ( "BHA" ). (wikipedia.org)
- Reductive amination employing sodium triacetoxyborohydride instead of sodium cyanoborohydride was found to give shorter reaction times and much safer byproducts. (rit.edu)
- Here we have demonstrated that a single point mutation in the active site of the (S)-selective ω-TA from Ochrobactrum anthropi could induce a remarkable acceleration of the amination reaction without any loss in stereoselectivity and enzyme stability. (elsevier.com)
- Over the last two decades many different auxiliary ligand systems have been utilized in the copper-catalyzed Ullmann amination reaction. (imperial.ac.uk)
- The Pd Catalyzed Amination Kits are ideal tools for the investigation of cross-coupling reaction conditions. (thomassci.com)
- An efficient TA-catalyzed amination depends on the removal or recycling of the co-product to shift the reaction equilibrium towards the product side. (biomedcentral.com)
- Amination-reduction reaction as simple protocol for potential boronic molecular receptors. (edu.pl)
- The synthesis of the potential molecular receptors in the amination-reduction reaction has been investigated within the model system comprising (2-formylphenyl)boronic acid and morpholine. (edu.pl)
- The cascade presents the first example of the successful de novo design of a single whole-cell biocatalyst for formal stereoselective C H amination. (uva.nl)
- In particular, the processes provide for the reductive amination of 6-keto morphinans by catalytic transfer hydrogenation, to produce 6-amino morphinan compounds, which are epimerically and/or diastereomerically enriched. (freepatentsonline.com)
- Amination at the β-position of 2-arylpropionitriles through catalytic dehydrogenation occurred by using [PdCl 2 (PMe 3 ) 2 ] catalyst and bromobenzene. (go.jp)
- Catalytic amination of isopropanolamine and ammonia to 1,2-propanediamine over Raney Ni with potassium carbonate as the additive was reported. (springer.com)
- Liu, Bao-Liang 2018-02-13 00:00:00 The direct catalytic amination of C(sp )-H is difficult to achieve but significant. (deepdyve.com)
- The catalytic radical amination of C(sp )-H in toluene was achieved without any oriented group. (deepdyve.com)
- The direct catalytic amination of C(sp )-H is difficult to achieve but significant. (deepdyve.com)
- Catalytic C-H amination via nitrene insertion represents one of the most important classes of chemical transformations. (grantome.com)
- Enantioselective aminations of asymmetric α,α-disubstituted aldehydes in the catalytic system were studied, with reasonable to high stereoselectivities (up to 75% ee) being obtained. (ntnu.edu.tw)
- Direct Amination of Alcohols Catalyzed by Aluminum Triflate: An Experimental and Computational Study. (americanelements.com)
- Lafrance M, Roggen M, Carreira EM (2012) Direct, enantioselective iridium-catalyzed allylic amination of racemic allylic alcohols. (springer.com)
- The plasmid-born overproduction of an alcohol dehydrogenase, an L-alanine-dependent transaminase and an alanine dehydrogenase allows for redox self-sufficient amination of alcohols in whole cell biotransformation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Biotransformation with E. coli strains only lacking pyruvate oxidase PoxB showed similar reduced amination of 1,10-decanediol indicating that oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetate by PoxB is primarily responsible for pyruvate catabolism during redox self-sufficient amination of alcohols using this whole cell biocatalyst. (biomedcentral.com)
- The replacement of the transaminase Ta Vf by Ta Cv , which showed higher activity at 42°C, in the artificial operon ald-adh - ta improved amination of alcohols in whole cell biotransformation. (biomedcentral.com)
- Redox self-sufficient whole cell biotransformation for amination of alcohols. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- Intramolecular Aromatic Amination through Iron-Mediated Nitrene Transfer. (docme.ru)
- Angewandte Chemie Iron-Mediated Aminations Intramolecular Aromatic Amination through Iron-Mediated Nitrene Transfer** Michael P. Jensen, Mark P. Mehn, and Lawrence Que, Jr.* Scheme 1. (docme.ru)
- One-step, non-directed C-H aminations of arenes has the potential to facilitate the synthesis of compounds with aromatic C-N bonds, which are important bulk and fine chemicals for the synthesis of biologically active molecules. (wpi.edu)
- This is known as direct reductive amination and is carried out with reducing agents that are more reactive toward protonated imines (or iminiums) than ketones and are stable under moderately acidic conditions. (silicycle.com)
- In vivo plug-and-play: a modular multi-enzyme single-cell catalyst for the asymmetric amination of ketoacids and ketones. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- This invention describes a reductive amination process whereby perfluorinated ketones or ketals are combined with a-aminoesters under basic conditions to form metal carboxylates. (allindianpatents.com)
- Each of these N-C bonds could potentially be formed through reductive amination, since they have C-H bonds. (masterorganicchemistry.com)
- Both basic and acidic impurities were extracted separately and analysed by GC-MS. From this controlled study, two route specific impurities for the Leuckart method and one route specific impurity for the reductive amination method are reported. (strath.ac.uk)
- A reductive amination method was developed for the tagging of sugars with the aim of it becoming part of a metabolomics work flow. (strath.ac.uk)
- This method is sometimes called indirect reductive amination. (wikipedia.org)
- However, monoalkylation was achieved by adopting an indirect reductive amination route. (rit.edu)
- Enantioselective Synthesis of 1 2-Diarylaziridines by the Organocatalytic Reductive Amination of -Chloroketones. (docme.ru)
- Zuschriften DOI: 10.1002/ange.200700165 Chiral Aziridines Enantioselective Synthesis of 1,2-Diarylaziridines by the Organocatalytic Reductive Amination of a-Chloroketones Andrei V. Malkov,* Sigitas Stončius, and Pavel Kočovský* Aziridines constitute the key structural feature of several classes of natural products and have served in synthesis as chiral building blocks, intermediates, auxiliaries, and ligands. (docme.ru)
- Fischer A, Maciejewski M, Burgi T, Mallat T, Baiker A (1999a) Cobalt-catalyzed amination of 1,3-propanediol: effects of catalyst promotion and use of supercritical ammonia as solvent and reactant. (springer.com)
- Fischer A, Mallat T, Baiker A (1999d) Continuous amination of propanediols in supercritical ammonia. (springer.com)
- Jenzer G, Mallat T, Baiker A (1999) Cobalt-catalyzed amination of 1,3-cyclohexanediol and 2,4-pentanediol in supercritical ammonia. (springer.com)
- Main aim of the ACS 'Amination' and 'Hydrazine' is dosing transfer of ammonia and hydrazine-hydrate to the supply water, which performs by pumps connected through Frequency Converters (FC). (oscada.org)
- Kos, NJ & van der Plas, HC 1980, ' Occurrence of the SN(ANRORC) Mechanism in the Amination of 2-Substituted Purines with Potassium Amide in Liquid Ammonia ', Journal of Organic Chemistry , vol. 45, pp. 2942-2945. (wur.nl)
- One of the most attractive strategies is the stereoselective installation of a chiral amine through C H amination, which is a challenging chemical transformation. (uva.nl)
- Erwan Le Gall, Stephane Sengmany, Corinne Gosmini, Jacques Perichon and Pascal Retailleau, " Solvent-Free Amination of Heteroaromatic Chlorides", Letters in Organic Chemistry (2008) 5: 120. (eurekaselect.com)
- P. Stavropoulos, "Metal-Catalyzed and Metal-Free Intermolecular Amination of Light Alkanes and Benzenes," Comments on Inorganic Chemistry , vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 1-57, Taylor & Francis Inc., Jan 2017. (mst.edu)
- Liu, PM, Magar, DR & Chen, K 2010, ' Highly efficient and practical pyrrolidine-camphor-derived organocatalysts for the direct α-amination of aldehydes ', European Journal of Organic Chemistry , no. 29, pp. 5705-5713. (ntnu.edu.tw)
- We have developed an iron-dipyrrinato catalyst that leverages the reactivity of iron-borne metal-ligand multiple bonds to promote the direct amination of aliphatic C-H bonds. (sciencemag.org)
- We sought to exploit the exquisite chemoselectivity of first row transition metals in order to develop a small molecule C-H amination catalyst that was truly general. (illinois.edu)
- The second chapter of this dissertation describes the discovery and development of [Mn(tBuPc)], a novel manganese catalyst that for the first time is able to effectively functionalize all types of sp3 C-H bonds with preparative product yields (>50%) even for very strong 2° and 1° aliphatic C-H bonds, while maintaining excellent chemoselectivity for C-H amination (>20:1) in the presence of readily oxidizable π-bonds. (illinois.edu)
- The authors here describe a direct reductive amination procedure using a oxo-rhenium catalyst and silanes as the hydride source. (blogspot.com)
- This can be performed by amino acid dehydrogenases catalyzing NADH-dependent reductive amination of oxo-acids with ammonium or by transaminases transferring an amino group from a donor amine to a carbonyl compound. (biomedcentral.com)
- E. Lorenz, S. Klatte, and V.F. Wendisch, "Reductive Amination by recombinant *Escherichia coli*: Whole Cell Biotransformation of 2-keto-3-methylvalerate to L-isoleucine", Journal of Biotechnology , vol. 168, 2013, pp. 289-294. (uni-bielefeld.de)
- This approach, known as direct reductive amination, employs reducing agents that are more reactive toward protonated imines than towards the ketone/aldehyde precursors. (wikipedia.org)
- Nitrene insertions to give aliphatic CH bond aminations have also been effected by metalloporphyrins or cytochrome P450. (docme.ru)
- Such structures are frequently based on terpenoid or steroidal skeletons, though some relatively simple alkaloids also appear to be derived by similar late amination processes. (biocyclopedia.com)
- This account focuses on the oxidative intramolecular Pd(II)-catalyzed amination of unsaturated N-sulfonyl carbamates and carboxamides, revealing that different mechanistic paths can be operative. (teknoscienze.com)
- Palladium catalyzed oxidative aminations and oxylations: where are we? (degruyter.com)
- The excitation of a RuII photosensitizer in the presence of ascorbic acid leads to the reduction of iminium ions to electron‐rich α‐aminoalkyl radical intermediates, which are rapidly converted into reductive amination products by thiol‐mediated hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). (unibas.ch)
- A step in the biosynthesis of many α-amino acids is the reductive amination of an α-ketoacid, usually by a transaminase enzyme. (wikipedia.org)
- With less sterically hindered a-amino acids, direct reductive amination generally yielded the bisalkylated product. (rit.edu)
- In general, the amino groups can be divided into two types with the one is reductive amination and the other one is aminolysis. (science-marketplace.org)
- The direct synthesis of N-substituted 3-amino-4-halopyridines is problematic, as reductive aminations and base-promoted alkylations are difficult in these systems. (syr.edu)
- On the one hand the fermentative amination of α-ketoacids coupled both with metabolic and non-metabolic cofactor regeneration was studied, giving access to the corresponding α-amino acids in up to 96% conversion. (biomedcentral.com)
- Copper-catalyzed α-amination of phosphonates and phosphine oxides: a direct approach to α-amino phosphonic acids and derivatives. (duke.edu)
- M. J. Su, Hoshiya, N. , and Buchwald, S. L. " Palladium-Catalyzed Amination of Unprotected Five-Membered Heterocyclic Bromides " , Org. (mit.edu)
- An efficient method for the palladium-catalyzed amination of unprotected bromoimidazoles and bromopyrazoles is presented. (mit.edu)
- Further research in this area is directed towards other methods for amination and diamination of carbon-carbon double and triple bonds, as well as the selective introduction of more complex nitrogen-containing functional groups, such as nitroso and nitro groups. (washington.edu)
- However, they are poorly chemoselective in the presence of π-functionality such as olefins and alkynes, and direct addition to these π-bonds is often competitive with desired C-H amination reactivity. (illinois.edu)
- The mechanism of direct amination of allyl alcohol by a palladium triphenylphosphite complex has been explored. (diva-portal.org)
- Mannich, reductive amination) often rely on pre-existing functionality and require additional transformations such as oxidation state changes and/or protecting group maniuplations. (illinois.edu)
- Bound cyanoborohydride is very useful in reductive amination and in the reduction of imines and aldehydes. (silicycle.com)
- It is very useful in reductive amination and in the reduction of imines. (silicycle.com)
- Reduction of Aldehydes and Imines and Reductive Amination of Aldehydes under Mild Conditions Using Hypervalent Hydridosilicates, Chem. (thefreedictionary.com)
- 1. Amination by reduction involves the synthesis of what by reductive methods? (sanfoundry.com)
- Explanation: In Amination by reduction mean the synthesis of Amine (-NH 4 ) group by reductive methods meaning reduction. (sanfoundry.com)
- Reductive amination involves the conversion of a carbonyl group, most of the time a ketone or an aldehyde, to an amine via an intermediate imine or iminium. (silicycle.com)
- For example, using acetone in the following reductive amination gives an isopropyl group. (masterorganicchemistry.com)
- We could have done the first reductive amination with benzaldehyde first, and acetone second, and still obtained the same product. (masterorganicchemistry.com)
- Previous researchers 1-2 have suggested impurities which are characteristic of the Leuckart and reductive amination (Al/Hg) methods of preparation. (strath.ac.uk)
- Using the same starting material, 1-phenyl-2-propanone (P2P), 40 batches of methamphetamine hydrochloride were synthesised by the Leuckart and reductive amination methods (20 batches per method). (strath.ac.uk)
- Also, the variation of the 'target impurities' recently recommended for methamphetamine profiling is discussed in relation to their variation within and between production batches synthesized using the Leuckart and reductive amination routes. (strath.ac.uk)
- Amination of naphthalene sulphate with R-NH2 (R = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, cyclohexyl) in the presence of sodium amide was reported by Kenichi and co- workers . (thefreedictionary.com)
- There are two other commonly used reductants for reductive amination: sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH 3 CN) and sodium tri-acetoxyborohydride (NaBH(OAc) 3 ). (masterorganicchemistry.com)