Amelogenin
Matrix Metalloproteinase 20
Amelogenesis
Dental Enamel
A hard thin translucent layer of calcified substance which envelops and protects the dentin of the crown of the tooth. It is the hardest substance in the body and is almost entirely composed of calcium salts. Under the microscope, it is composed of thin rods (enamel prisms) held together by cementing substance, and surrounded by an enamel sheath. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p286)
Ameloblasts
Cylindrical epithelial cells in the innermost layer of the ENAMEL ORGAN. Their functions include contribution to the development of the dentinoenamel junction by the deposition of a layer of the matrix, thus producing the foundation for the prisms (the structural units of the DENTAL ENAMEL), and production of the matrix for the enamel prisms and interprismatic substance. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Dental Enamel Hypoplasia
An acquired or hereditary condition due to deficiency in the formation of tooth enamel (AMELOGENESIS). It is usually characterized by defective, thin, or malformed DENTAL ENAMEL. Risk factors for enamel hypoplasia include gene mutations, nutritional deficiencies, diseases, and environmental factors.
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Tooth Germ
Tooth Calcification
Apatites
Enamel Organ
Epithelial cells surrounding the dental papilla and differentiated into three layers: the inner enamel epithelium, consisting of ameloblasts which eventually form the enamel, and the enamel pulp and external enamel epithelium, both of which atrophy and disappear before and upon eruption of the tooth, respectively.
Calcium Phosphates
Molar
The most posterior teeth on either side of the jaw, totaling eight in the deciduous dentition (2 on each side, upper and lower), and usually 12 in the permanent dentition (three on each side, upper and lower). They are grinding teeth, having large crowns and broad chewing surfaces. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p821)
Sex Determination Analysis
Incisor
Durapatite
Nanotubes
Analysis of ancient DNA from a prehistoric Amerindian cemetery. (1/231)
The Norris Farms No. 36 cemetery in central Illinois has been the subject of considerable archaeological and genetic research. Both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA have been examined in this 700-year-old population. DNA preservation at the site was good, with about 70% of the samples producing mtDNA results and approximately 15% yielding nuclear DNA data. All four of the major Amerindian mtDNA haplogroups were found, in addition to a fifth haplogroup. Sequences of the first hypervariable region of the mtDNA control region revealed a high level of diversity in the Norris Farms population and confirmed that the fifth haplogroup associates with Mongolian sequences and hence is probably authentic. Other than a possible reduction in the number of rare mtDNA lineages in many populations, it does not appear as if European contact significantly altered patterns of Amerindian mtDNA variation, despite the large decrease in population size that occurred. For nuclear DNA analysis, a novel method for DNA-based sex identification that uses nucleotide differences between the X and Y copies of the amelogenin gene was developed and applied successfully in approximately 20 individuals. Despite the well-known problems of poor DNA preservation and the ever-present possibility of contamination with modern DNA, genetic analysis of the Norris Farms No. 36 population demonstrates that ancient DNA can be a fruitful source of new insights into prehistoric populations. (+info)Rapid quantification of mixed chimerism using multiplex amplification of short tandem repeat markers and fluorescence detection. (2/231)
Monitoring the engraftment of donor cells after allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation (BSCT) may be important for the early diagnosis of graft failure or relapse of disease. Several techniques have been reported for this purpose. PCR-based assays analyzing polymorphic short tandem repeat (STR) markers are attractive because they are sensitive and can be performed rapidly. The intent of the present study was to test a novel approach for the quantification of mixed chimerism using a commercial multiplex STR assay with fluorescence-based detection for forensic purposes. The feasibility of this assay and the accuracy of quantitative results was tested using serial cell mixtures of unrelated individuals. Sample preparation was optimized to obtain information from minute amounts of starting material, eg from patients with aplasia or from sorted cell populations. Using the STR-PCR, discrimination between donor and recipient was possible in all patients analyzed (n = 25). Cell dilution experiments showed a linear correlation between the cell numbers added and the proportions found, with the limit of detection for a minor cell population being 5%. Comparison of values obtained with standard FISH analysis in patients transplanted from sex-mismatched donors showed an excellent correlation with the STR-PCR results. Taken together, this procedure allows the rapid, versatile and accurate quantification of mixed chimerism, even with minuscule numbers of cells. (+info)An immunocytochemical study of amelogenin proteins in the developing tooth enamel of the gar-pike, Lepisosteus oculatus (Holostei, Actinopterygii). (3/231)
Previous studies have demonstrated the morphological similarity of the enamel-like layer found in the teeth of the coelacanth, lungfish and gar-pike to the enamel of tetrapods. In order to clarify the phylogenetic continuity between both structures, tooth germs of the gar-pike were immunocytochemically studied using an anti-bovine amelogenin polyclonal antibody. Intense immunoreaction was shown over the enamel-like matrix layer. Certain cell organelles associated with the secretory pathway of the ameloblasts were recognized as immunoreactive. These results indicate that the enamel-like layer of the gar-pike is a tissue homologous with the mammalian enamel because both possess a common, amelogenin-like substance. (+info)Histological analysis and ancient DNA amplification of human bone remains found in caius iulius polybius house in pompeii. (4/231)
Thirteen skeletons found in the Caius Iulius Polybius house, which has been the object of intensive study since its discovery in Pompeii 250 years ago, have provided an opportunity to study either bone diagenesis by histological investigation or ancient DNA by polymerase chain reaction analysis. DNA analysis was done by amplifying both X- and Y-chromosomes amelogenin loci and Y-specific alphoid repeat locus. The von Willebrand factor (vWF) microsatellite locus on chromosome 12 was also analyzed for personal identification in two individuals showing alleles with 10/11 and 12/12 TCTA repeats, respectively. Technical problems were the scarcity of DNA content from osteocytes, DNA molecule fragmentation, microbial contamination which change bone structure, contaminating human DNA which results from mishandling, and frequent presence of Taq DNA polymerase inhibiting molecules like polyphenols and heavy metals. The results suggest that the remains contain endogenous human DNA that can be amplified and analyzed. The amplifiability of DNA corresponds to the bone preservation and dynamics of the burial conditions subsequent to the 79 A.D. eruption. (+info)Proteinases in developing dental enamel. (5/231)
For almost three decades, proteinases have been known to reside within developing dental enamel. However, identification and characterization of these proteinases have been slow and difficult, because they are present in very small quantities and they are difficult to purify directly from the mineralizing enamel. Enamel matrix proteins such as amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin are cleaved by proteinases soon after they are secreted, and their cleavage products accumulate in the deeper, more mature enamel layers, while the full-length proteins are observed only at the surface. These results suggest that proteinases are necessary for "activating" enamel proteins so the parent proteins and their cleavage products may perform different functions. A novel matrix metalloproteinase named enamelysin (MMP-20) was recently cloned from tooth tissues and was later shown to localize primarily within the most recently formed enamel. Furthermore, recombinant porcine enamelysin was demonstrated to cleave recombinant porcine amelogenin at virtually all of the sites that have previously been described in vivo. Therefore, enamelysin is at least one enzyme that may be important during early enamel development. As enamel development progresses to the later stages, a profound decrease in the enamel protein content is observed. Proteinases have traditionally been assumed to degrade the organic matrix prior to its removal from the enamel. Recently, a novel serine proteinase named enamel matrix serine proteinase-1 (EMSP1) was cloned from enamel organ epithelia. EMSP1 localizes primarily to the early maturation stage enamel and may, therefore, be involved in the degradation of proteins prior to their removal from the maturing enamel. Other, as yet unidentified, proteinases and proteinase inhibitors are almost certainly present within the forming enamel and await discovery. (+info)Identification of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha as a transactivator of the mouse amelogenin gene. (6/231)
Amelogenin expression is ameloblast-specific and developmentally regulated at the temporal and spatial levels. In a previous transgenic mouse analysis, the expression pattern of the endogenous amelogenin gene was recapitulated by a reporter gene driven by a 2. 2-kilobase mouse amelogenin proximal promoter. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the spatiotemporal expression of the amelogenin gene during odontogenesis, the mouse amelogenin promoter was systematically analyzed in mouse ameloblast-like LS8 cells. Deletion analysis identified a minimal promoter (-70/+52) containing a CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP)-binding site upstream of the TATA box. In transient transfection assays, C/EBPalpha up-regulated the promoter activity in a dose-dependent manner. The C/EBP-binding site was necessary for both C/EBPalpha-mediated transactivation and basal promoter activity. Electrophoresis mobility shift assays demonstrated that C/EBPalpha bound to its cognate site in the amelogenin promoter and that the binding was specific. Endogenous C/EBPalpha was detected in LS8 cells, and overexpression of exogenous C/EBPalpha in LS8 cells was able to increase the expression level of the endogenous amelogenin protein. The activity of the amelogenin promoter in rat parotid Pa-4 cells and Madin-Darby canine kidney cells was minimal, ranging from 20 to 30% of the activity in ameloblast-like cells. Transient transfection experiments showed that C/EBPalpha transactivated the mouse amelogenin reporter gene in Pa-4 cells, but not in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Taken together, these data indicate that C/EBPalpha is a bona fide transcriptional activator of the mouse amelogenin gene in a cell type-specific manner. (+info)Functional antagonism between Msx2 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha in regulating the mouse amelogenin gene expression is mediated by protein-protein interaction. (7/231)
Ameloblast-specific amelogenin gene expression is spatiotemporally regulated during tooth development. In a previous study, the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha) was identified as a transcriptional activator of the mouse amelogenin gene in a cell type-specific manner. Here, Msx2 is shown to repress the promoter activity of amelogenin-promoter reporter constructs independent of its intrinsic DNA binding activity. In transient cotransfection assays, Msx2 and C/EBPalpha antagonize each other in regulating the expression of the mouse amelogenin gene. Electrophoresis mobility shift assays demonstrate that Msx2 interferes with the binding of C/EBPalpha to its cognate site in the mouse amelogenin minimal promoter, although Msx2 itself does not bind to the same promoter fragment. Protein-protein interaction between Msx2 and C/EBPalpha is identified with co-immunoprecipitation analyses. Functional antagonism between Msx2 and C/EBPalpha is also observed on the stably transfected 2.2-kilobase mouse amelogenin promoter in ameloblast-like LS8 cells. Furthermore, the carboxyl-terminal residues 183-267 of Msx2 are required for protein-protein interaction, whereas the amino-terminal residues 2-97 of Msx2 play a less critical role. Among three family members tested (C/EBPalpha, -beta, and -gamma), Msx2 preferentially interacts with C/EBPalpha. Taken together, these data indicate that protein-protein interaction rather than competition for overlapping binding sites results in the functional antagonism between Msx2 and C/EBPalpha in regulating the mouse amelogenin gene expression. (+info)Time-related changes of developing enamel crystals after exposure to the tissue fluid in vivo: analysis of a subcutaneously implanted rat incisor. (8/231)
To investigate the effects of tissue fluid on the growth of enamel crystals, upper and lower incisors extracted from 3-week-old Wistar rats were removed of the enamel organ, implanted subcutaneously in the dorsal portion of animals from the same litter, and harvested at 72 h or 1 week after implantation. The grafts were chemically fixed with surrounding tissues and prepared for light and electron microscopy, X-ray microanalysis, or for the immunohistochemistry of amelogenin. Mineralization of implanted enamel layers was examined by contact X-ray microradiography. The immunoreactivities for 25 kD amelogenin in immature enamel decreased sequentially, starting from the surface to the deeper layers; by 1 week after implantation, no positive reactivities remained in the entire enamel layers at the stages of matrix formation and early maturation. In accordance with the loss of enamel proteins, immature enamel gained mineral density until it attained higher radio opacity than that of the adjacent dentin by 1 week. In contrast, the radio opacity of the full thickness of the enamel at early maturation remained low except for a superficial thin layer. Electron microscopy revealed no sign of growth of original enamel crystals, but showed heavy precipitation of electron-dense fine granules of calcium phosphate in all layers of the secretory enamel and the superficial layer of enamel at early maturation, which showed high radio opacity. The Ca/P ratio and electron diffraction patterns of the granular materials precipitated between intrinsic enamel crystals indicated the property of hydroxy apatite or octacalcium phosphate though a characteristic ribbon-like profile of enamel crystals was lacking. These data indicate that the enamel organ blocks exogenous mineral precipitates in growing enamel during the stage of matrix formation and plays an essential regulatory role for fine enamel crystallites to grow into large hexagonal crystals. (+info)
Frontiers | Protein Phosphorylation and Mineral Binding Affect the Secondary Structure of the Leucine-Rich Amelogenin Peptide |...
Modulation of C/EBP alpha in the regulation of mouse amelogenin transcription during tooth formation :: University of Southern...
Amelogenin - Wikipedia
Frontiers | Helium ion microscopy of enamel crystallites and extracellular tooth enamel matrix | Physiology
Enamel peptides reveal the sex of the Late Antique Lovers of Modena | Scientific Reports
Amelogenins: Multifaceted Proteins for Dental and Bone Formation and Repair
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Amelogenin
Although the precise role of amelogenin(s) in regulating the mineralization process is unknown, it is known that amelogenins ... Developing human enamel contains about 70% protein, 90% of which are amelogenins. Amelogenins are believed to be involved in ... "deleted-amelogenin males" (DAMs). In response the authors suggested that while the amelogenin sex test may be accurate in ... The amelogenin gene has been most widely studied in humans, where it is a single copy gene, located on the X and Y chromosomes ...
Index of oral health and dental articles
Amelogenin • American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry • American Academy of Periodontology • American Association of Endodontists ...
AMELY
... is located on the Y chromosome and encodes a form of amelogenin. Amelogenin is an extracellular matrix protein involved ... "Entrez Gene: amelogenin". Human AMELY genome location and AMELY gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser. Nakahori Y, ... 1992). "The human enamel protein gene amelogenin is expressed from both the X and the Y chromosomes". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 50 (2 ... Amelogenin, Y isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AMELY gene. ...
AMELX
... is located on the X chromosome and encodes a set of isoforms of amelogenin by alternative splicing. Amelogenin is an ... Kim JW, Simmer JP, Hu YY, Lin BP, Boyd C, Wright JT, Yamada CJ, Rayes SK, Feigal RJ, Hu JC (May 2004). "Amelogenin p.M1T and p. ... Chen AP, Chen Y, Wang HP, Chen WH, Chen H, Chen LX, Sun HY (Dec 2007). "[Types and frequencies of variants in Amelogenin gene ... Tanimoto K, Le T, Zhu L, Witkowska HE, Robinson S, Hall S, Hwang P, Denbesten P, Li W (May 2008). "Reduced amelogenin-MMP20 ...
Ameloblast
... s are cells which secrete the enamel proteins enamelin and amelogenin which will later mineralize to form enamel, the ... "Localization and quantitative co-localization of enamelin with amelogenin". Journal of Structural Biology. 183 (2): 239-49. doi ...
Sexing
Markers commonly used include amelogenin, SRY and ZFX/ZFY. Various techniques have been developed using simple polymerase chain ...
Enamelin
It is part of the non-amelogenins, which comprise 10% of the total enamel matrix proteins. It is one of the key proteins ... All other EMPs are derived from enamelin, such as amelogenin. EMPs belong to a larger family of proteins termed 'secretory ... Ameloblastin Amelogenin Amelogenesis Amelogenesis imperfecta GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000132464 - Ensembl, May 2017 ... such as amelogenin, to template calcium phosphate nucleation. It is best thought to understand the overarching function of ...
Second Generation Multiplex Plus
SGM Plus also uses the amelogenin (amelo) sex-indicating test. SGM Plus differs from SGM in that SGM does not use the markers ... which show the result of the Amelogenin sex indicating test. Each number pair denotes the two allele values for the marker - ...
Ram Samudrala
Cementomimetics-constructing a cementum-like biomineralized microlayer via amelogenin-derived peptides. Gungormus M, Oren EE, ...
Amit Chakrabarti
His other recent work is on self-assembly of amelogenin bio-macromolecules. Amelogenin is involved in the mineral deposition ... "Kinetics of Nanochain Formation in a Simplified Model of Amelogenin Biomacromolecules". Biophysical Journal. Elsevier BV. 101 ( ...
Enamel matrix derivative
A commercially prepared and purified extract of enamel matrix proteins, EMD is composed primarily of amelogenin and has been ... Biochemistry and molecular biology of amelogenin proteins of developing dental enamel. Arch Oral Bio 1995;40:1-14 Boyan, BD, et ...
United Kingdom National DNA Database
Amelogenin is used for a rapid test of a donor's sex. Scotland has used 21 STR loci, two Y-DNA markers and the gender ...
Enamel organ
Enamel defects in coeliac disease occur due to an interference in tooth formation by amelogenin. Amelogenin is a proline-rich ... However, due to the structural similarities between amelogenin and gliadin, AGA may interfere with amelogenin which lead to ... Moradian-Oldak, Janet (2001-09-01). "Amelogenins: assembly, processing and control of crystal morphology". Matrix Biology. 20 ( ...
Tuftelin
Other significant proteins in enamel are amelogenins, enamelins, and ameloblastins. The human encoding gene for tuftelin (TUFT1 ... There are two kinds of enamel proteins: Amelogenins & Nonamelogenins. Tuftelin falls under nonamelogenins. This protein is ...
Amelogenesis imperfecta
... tuftelin and amelogenin) as a result of abnormal enamel formation via amelogenesis. People with amelogenesis imperfecta may ... "A deletion in the amelogenin gene (AMG) causes X-linked amelogenesis imperfecta (AIH1)". Genomics. 10 (4): 971-5. doi:10.1016/ ...
Ameloblastin
Other significant proteins in enamel are amelogenins, enamelins, and tuftelins. Mutations in AMBN cause amelogenesis imperfecta ...
Tooth enamel
During this process, amelogenins and ameloblastins are removed after use, leaving enamelins and tuftelin in the enamel. By the ... The noteworthy proteins involved are amelogenins, ameloblastins, enamelins, and tuftelins. How these proteins are secreted into ... amelogenins and enamelins. While the role of these proteins is not fully understood, it is believed that they aid in the ...
Human tooth development
The important proteins involved are amelogenins, ameloblastins, enamelins, and tuftelins. By the end of this stage, the enamel ...
HDHD1A
Salido EC, Yen PH, Koprivnikar K, Yu LC, Shapiro LJ (February 1992). "The human enamel protein gene amelogenin is expressed ...
Human tooth
Proteins of note in the development of enamel are ameloblastins, amelogenins, enamelins and tuftelins. It is believed that they ...
Ganoine
... indeed contains amelogenin-like proteins and has a mineral content similar to that of tetrapod tooth enamel. Zylberberg ... L.; Sire, J. -Y.; Nanci, A. (1997). "Immunodetection of amelogenin-like proteins in the ganoine of experimentally regenerating ...
Biomineralization
In enamel, the matrix for HA is formed by amelogenins and enamelins instead of collagen. Remineralisation of tooth enamel ...
Hydroxyapatite
In enamel, the matrix for HA is formed by amelogenins and enamelins instead of collagen. Hydroxyapatite deposits in tendons ...
Fish scale
Zylberberg, L.; Sire, J. -Y.; Nanci, A. (1997). "Immunodetection of amelogenin-like proteins in the ganoine of experimentally ...
National Forensic DNA Database of South Africa
The DNA profiles in the NFDD are generated by analysing 15 different STR loci plus Amelogenin for sex determination. Different ... plus Amelogenin for sex determination. There were approximately 80,000 DNA profiles on the DCID in 2007, with the number ...
Amplicon
"Forensic application of a rapid and quantitative DNA sex test by amplification of the X-Y homologous gene amelogenin". ...
Amelogenesis
As the prisms in the enamel grow in thickness but not length, proteins (amelogenins and most non-amelogenins) are removed from ... As enamel is secreted, some mineralisation occurs by Ca2+ deposition between nanospheres of amelogenins forming crystallites. ... importantly amelogenins, ameloblastins, enamelins, and tuftelins. The Ca2+ mainly comes from the enamel organ, and not the ...
Biomimetic material
One is using fragments known to support natural mineralization proteins, such as Amelogenin, Collagen, or Dentin Phosphophoryn ... Proteins of the developing enamel extracellular matrix (such as Amelogenin) control initial mineral deposition (nucleation) and ...
Second Generation Multiplex
Also contains primers for the Amelogenin sex indicating test. The primers are tagged with the following fluorescent dyes for ...
BCL9
... interacts with amelogenin and proteins involved in exocytosis and vesicular trafficking, suggesting that these proteins ... and colocalize in these cells with amelogenin, the main component of enamel, encoded by the AMELX gene, which has been already ...
Genetic Variation at Three DYS-STR Loci and Amelogenin Between the Australian Caucasians and Three Asian Ethnic Groups
Extraction and Quantification of Human DNA and the Amplification of Human STRs and Amelogenin From Fly Larvae Found on...
Amelogenins in human developing and mature dental pulp.
Amelogenin protein was found in the forming dentin matrix, and amelogenin mRNA was localized in the dentin, presumably in the ... The objective of this study was to elucidate the expression and function of amelogenins in the human dentin-pulp complex. ... Developing human tooth buds were immunostained for amelogenin, and mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. The effects of ... Proliferation of papilla cells was enhanced by recombinant human amelogenin rH72 (LRAP+ exon 4), while pulp cells responded to ...
Amelogenin gene splice products A+4 and A-4 implanted in soft tissue determine the reorientation of CD45-positive cells to an...
Amelogenin gene splice products A+4 and A-4 implanted in soft tissue determine the reorientation of CD45-positive cells to an ... Amelogenin gene splice products A+4 and A-4 implanted in soft tissue determine the reorientation of CD45-positive cells to an ... Amelogenin gene splice products A+4 and A-4 implanted in soft tissue determine the reorientation of CD45-positive cells to an ... T1 - Amelogenin gene splice products A+4 and A-4 implanted in soft tissue determine the reorientation of CD45-positive cells to ...
HMEC-1 - CRL-3243 | ATCC
MedlinePlus: Genes
Dentists may soon be able to repair and rebuild teeth rather than drilling and filling - NaturalNews.com
Chapter 9 Flashcards
Austrian caucasian population data for the Quadruplex plus amelogenin: Refined mutation rate for HumvWFA31/A - HSC
In the current study, the X-Y homologous gene Amelogenin has been added to a widely used multiplex PCR amplification system ... In the current study, the X-Y homologous gene Amelogenin has been added to a widely used multiplex PCR amplification system ... In the current study, the X-Y homologous gene Amelogenin has been added to a widely used multiplex PCR amplification system ... In the current study, the X-Y homologous gene Amelogenin has been added to a widely used multiplex PCR amplification system ...
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Frontiers | Three-Dimensional Culture of Ameloblast-Originated HAT-7 Cells for Functional Modeling of Defective Tooth Enamel...
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Androgen-Regulated and Highly Tumorigenic Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line Established from a Transplantable Primary CWR22 Tumor...
The Y-specific Amelogenin locus showed two alleles (size 213 and 219 bp) in both CWR22Pc cells and in the primary CWR22 tumors ... The following markers were tested: D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, D16S539, vWA, TH01, Amelogenin, TPOX, and CSF1PO. The PCR ... Amelogenin, TPOX (TPOx), and CSF1PO (CSF1). The allele sizes are indicated under each allele. C, the comparative genomic ... Amelogenin, TPOX (TPOx), and CSF1PO (CSF1). The allele sizes are indicated under each allele. C, the comparative genomic ...
Reactome | AMELX [endoplasmic reticulum lumen]
Paternity Test Results Simplified - HomeDNA Paternity
If the child is male, should the amelogenin show X or XY? The fathers amelogenin is XY. Lastly, 5 of the alleles do not match ... If the child is male, amelogenin should be XY. You cannot post your report on this forum, but if you want to delve into the ... Amelogenin , X , X Y. Those were the test results but I do not know what they mean ... Should there be on the document? Are there supposed to be 15 locus markers tested? Or 21 (with amelogenin) being number 21? ...
Our Best Dna Test For Grandparents [Top 15 Picks] - Golden Gate Park - San Francisco, CA
By testing the most DNA markers industry-wide - Up to 46 DNA (Genetic) Markers + Gender Identification Marker Amelogenin - We ... By testing the most DNA (Genetic) Markers industry-wide + Gender Identification Marker Amelogenin - We test more DNA markers ... By testing the most DNA (Genetic) Markers industry-wide + Gender Identification Marker Amelogenin - We test more DNA markers ...
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Category:Genetics - Wikipedia
Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms, as well as the medical practice of diagnosing, treating, and counseling patients with genetic disorders. Humans began applying knowledge of genetics in prehistory with the domestication and breeding of plants and animals. In modern research, genetics provides important tools in the investigation of the function of a particular gene, e.g. analysis of genetic interactions. Within organisms, genetic information generally is carried in chromosomes, where it is represented in the chemical structure of particular DNA molecules. .mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em} ...
Full length amelogeninProteinsGeneRecombinantLociIsoformPeptidesForensicEnamel matrixProtein foundTissueMineralMarkersFormDentalCellFoundMatrixHumanCellsDevelopmentSuggestSourceAmeloblastinProteinPeptideProteinsPeptidesLocusTransgenic mouseToothDeterminationVivoMorphologyRegenerationDentinAmplificationCrystalsTeethEssentialTest
Full length amelogenin2
- Leucine-rich amelogenin peptide (LRAP) is a naturally occurring splice variant that preserves the charged N-and C-termini of full length amelogenin, regions thought to be crucial in interacting with hydroxaypatite. (scite.ai)
- According to Buchko et al (2010), LRAP seems to have cell signaling properties that full-length amelogenin does not. (disprot.org)
Proteins2
- Amelogenins are a group of heterogenous proteins first identified in developing tooth enamel and reported to be present in odontoblasts. (escholarship.org)
- Recent studies suggest that lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) can bind cell surface amelogenin and act as signaling receptors for amelogenin in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and cementoblasts in vitro. (elsevier.com)
Gene8
- Several molecules such as bone morphogenetic protein-7, bone sialoprotein (BSP), or amelogenin gene splice products (A+4 or A-4) have been shown to induce reparative dentin formation in a rat model. (northwestern.edu)
- The present investigation was undertaken to validate an ectopic oral mucosal mouse model to evaluate the effects of amelogenin gene splice product implantation in a non-mineralizing tissue. (northwestern.edu)
- Agarose beads, alone or coated with amelogenin gene splice products, were implanted in the mucosa of the cheeks in mouse. (northwestern.edu)
- When the beads were coated with amelogenin gene splice products (A+4 or A-4), the expression of osteo-chondrogenic markers (RP59, Sox9, or BSP) was also observed. (northwestern.edu)
- In the current study, the X-Y homologous gene Amelogenin has been added to a widely used multiplex PCR amplification system consisting of four tetratactic STR loci (Quadruplex-HumTH01, HumvWFA31/A, HumFES/FPS, and HuinF13A1). (unthsc.edu)
- Sex determination of forensic samples by polymerase chain reaction of the amelogenin gene and analysis by capillary electrophoresis with polymer matrix. (bvsalud.org)
- Further, sex assessment was carried out by the part of amelogenin gene amplification and genetic profiles determined by STR (Short Tandem Repeat) analysis. (cuni.cz)
- Amelogenin gene influence on enamel defects of cleft lip and palate patients. (cdc.gov)
Recombinant3
- The effects of recombinant amelogenins on pulp and papilla cell proliferation were measured by Brd U immunoassay, and differentiation was monitored by alkaline phosphatase expression. (escholarship.org)
- Proliferation of papilla cells was enhanced by recombinant human amelogenin rH72 (LRAP+ exon 4), while pulp cells responded to both rH72 and rH58 (LRAP), with no effect by rH174. (escholarship.org)
- Experiments by Buchko et al (2010) were performed on recombinant splice-variant mouse Leucine-Rich Amelogenin Protein (rp(H)LRAP). (disprot.org)
Loci3
- A combination of three Y-linked microsatellites loci, DYS438 (1), DYS390 (2), and DYS439 (1) and amelogenin were amplified simultaneously using a fluorescent multiplex system. (astm.org)
- Developmental validation of a single-tube amplification of the 13 CODIS STR loci, D2S1338, D19S433, and amelogenin: the AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit. (nih.gov)
- However, this kit offers only 15 loci and amelogenin. (tci-thaijo.org)
Isoform1
- DP00692_A002 is alternatively-spliced product 2 of Amelogenin, X isoform. (disprot.org)
Peptides1
- Researchers studied amelogenin - the protein required to form crown enamel - and came up with amelogenin-derived peptides. (naturalnews.com)
Forensic2
- Austrian caucasian population data for the Quadruplex plus amelogenin: Refined mutation rate for HumvWFA31/A . Journal of Forensic Sciences , 42 (6), 1136-1139. (unthsc.edu)
- Recently, Qiagen® Investigator® 24plex QS kit, a newly-launched product, has been developed with its expanded 22 polymorphic STR markers, the genderspecific amelogenin and the Quality Sensor (QS) to address the forensic challenges. (tci-thaijo.org)
Enamel matrix1
- Amelogenin is an enamel matrix protein also expressed in periodontal tissues. (elsevier.com)
Protein found1
- Amelogenin is the predominant protein found during enamel development and has been shown to be essential to proper enamel formation. (scite.ai)
Tissue1
- To address this issue, we used immunohistochemistry to profile LAMPs and amelogenin expression during periodontal tissue development. (elsevier.com)
Mineral1
- Upon stimulation, the sphere cells differentiated into cytokeratin 14- and amelogenin-expressing and mineral material-producing cells. (houstonmethodist.org)
Markers1
- By testing the most DNA (Genetic) Markers industry-wide + Gender Identification Marker Amelogenin - We test more DNA markers than anyone else! (golden-gate-park.com)
Form4
- Dive into the research topics of 'Austrian caucasian population data for the Quadruplex plus amelogenin: Refined mutation rate for HumvWFA31/A'. Together they form a unique fingerprint. (unthsc.edu)
- At very low concentrations (1-10 nM) within a monomeric form of amelogenin, we directly observe a strong interaction of monomeric amelogenin's C-terminus binding to the brushite (010) face, which modulates the critical length and terrace width of moving steps through modification of the brushite-water interfacial energies. (scite.ai)
- Darüber hinaus wurde erstmals humanes Amelogenin in rekombinanter Form im Baculovirus-System exprimiert. (fu-berlin.de)
- DP00692_A002 is the mature form of amelogenin, with signal peptide removed (aa 1-16 in UniProt record). (disprot.org)
Dental5
- Amelogenins in human developing and mature dental pulp. (escholarship.org)
- Las futuras investigaciones abordadas desde la visión translacional ayudarán estética dental, a identificar nuevas mutaciones o nuevos genes, lo cual contribuirá a la evolución en la manera de clasificar, genes. (bvsalud.org)
- At E15, dental follicle cells, which are the source of periodontal tissues, were amelogenin-positive and weakly positive for LAMP-1 and LAMP-3. (elsevier.com)
- At 1 week, dental follicle cells were immunopositive for amelogenin and LAMP-1 but weakly positive for LAMP-3. (elsevier.com)
- These results suggest that LAMP-1 is expressed in both the dental follicle and PDL, and that LAMP-1 and LAMP-3 have temporally distinct roles as signaling receptors for amelogenin. (elsevier.com)
Cell1
- These studies suggest that odontoblasts actively synthesize and secrete amelogenin protein during human tooth development, and that low-molecular-weight amelogenins can enhance pulp cell proliferation. (escholarship.org)
Found1
- Amelogenin protein was found in the forming dentin matrix, and amelogenin mRNA was localized in the dentin, presumably in the odontoblast processes. (escholarship.org)
Matrix1
- The organic matrix in forming enamel consists largely of the self-assembled nanospheres of amelogenin monomers that play a critical role in controlling crystal growth of the highly organized apatites. (scite.ai)
Human2
- The objective of this study was to elucidate the expression and function of amelogenins in the human dentin-pulp complex. (escholarship.org)
- Developing human tooth buds were immunostained for amelogenin, and mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. (escholarship.org)
Cells2
- At 2 weeks, PDL cells were positive for amelogenin and LAMP-1 but negative for LAMP-3. (elsevier.com)
- At 4 weeks, PDL cells were immunopositive for both amelogenin and LAMP-1. (elsevier.com)
Development1
- However, whether amelogenin and LAMPs are involved in the development of periodontal tissues is unclear. (elsevier.com)
Suggest1
- Consequently, the data in this paper provide the conditions for adding Amelogenin to the Quadruplex, and suggest that when doing paternity testing, the mutation rate for the HumvWFA31/A locus must be considered. (unthsc.edu)
Source1
- amelogenin X-linked [Source:HGNC Sy. (gsea-msigdb.org)
Ameloblastin6
- Enamel matrix proteins, such as amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin, are cleaved by proteinases soon after they are secreted. (forsyth.org)
- Differentiation was analyzed by measuring mRNA expression or the localization of amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamel protease KLK-4 by immunofluorescence staining. (elsevier.com)
- Ameloblastin and KLK-4 expression was detected throughout the incubation period (up to 8 days), but amelogenin expression decreased markedly, suggesting increased KLK-4 enzymatic activity. (elsevier.com)
- The fundamental the different parts of EMP (amelogenin ameloblastin enamelin) are seen as a a conspicuously higher rate of intrinsic. (opt-inviral.com)
- Although the mRNA levels remained unaltered, immunostaining revealed increased amelogenin, ameloblastin, and enamelin localization in the cKO enamel at the maturation stage. (harvard.edu)
- Amelogenesis imperfecta is due to the malfunction of the proteins in the enamel (ameloblastin, enamelin, tuftelin and amelogenin) as a result of abnormal enamel formation via amelogenesis. (edsaethiopia.net)
Protein13
- The AMELX gene provides instructions for making a protein called amelogenin, which is essential for normal tooth development. (nih.gov)
- Amelogenin is removed from the developing crystals when it is no longer needed, leaving mature enamel that contains very little protein. (nih.gov)
- Some AMELX gene mutations lead to the production of an abnormal version of the amelogenin protein that can interfere with the formation and organization of enamel crystals. (nih.gov)
- Other AMELX gene mutations prevent one copy of the gene from producing any amelogenin protein at all. (nih.gov)
- Molecular dynamics simulations of the intrinsically disordered protein amelogenin. (nih.gov)
- Researchers used peptides from amelogenin, a protein that is essential to enamel mineralization, in their research. (24-7pressrelease.com)
- In this article we report the successful purification of a recombinant mouse amelogenin protein and demonstrate that it has signaling activity in isolated mouse calvarial cells and human periodontal ligament cells.To determine the regulatory function of canonical Wnt signaling by amelogenin, we used TOPGAL transgenic mice. (nih.gov)
- In particular, amelogenin, which is the main protein that scaffolds the hierarchical organization of hydroxyapatite crystals in enamel, ame-logenin recombinamers, and amelogenin‐derived peptide scaffolds have all been investigated for in vitro mineral growth. (lu.se)
- Here, we describe uniaxial hydroxyapatite growth on a nanoengineered amelogenin scaffold in combination with amelotin, a mineral promoting protein present during enamel formation. (lu.se)
- The enzyme has a high specificity for dental enamel matrix protein AMELOGENIN. (umassmed.edu)
- They sourced the peptide from amelogenin, a protein that plays an essential role in producing tooth enamel. (freethink.com)
- The leucine-rich amelogenin protein (LRAP) is primarily monomeric and unstructured in physiological solution. (ap-lab.com)
- The peptide is derived from amelogenin, the key protein in the formation of tooth enamel, the tooth's crown. (praiser.io)
Peptide2
- Sex determination was carried out using amelogenin peptide analysis. (bvsalud.org)
- Here, we will utilize an amelogenin-inspired peptide-based biomimetic strategy. (grantome.com)
Proteins2
- Lakshminarayanan R, Bromley KM, Lei YP, Snead ML, Moradian-Oldak J. Perturbed amelogenin secondary structure leads to uncontrolled aggregation in amelogenesis imperfecta mutant proteins. (nih.gov)
- The strategy was to rationalize 0 description 3 102000007325 Amelogenin veranderen de inzichten voortdurend waardoor 101700061202 TDT family Proteins 0 mn phone dating can create just as. (emeraldstocks.com)
Peptides1
- Aim I) To investigate the assembly and apatite mineral-forming potential of amelogenin- derived peptides P26 and P32 prior to their application in the chitosan hydrogel. (grantome.com)
Locus4
- We describe a method to assign weights to genotype combinations at the Amelogenin locus. (nih.gov)
- LRs have not been traditionally assigned for the Amelogenin locus and are small compared to an LR assigned for a modern day STR multiplex where, for a more discriminatory locus, the per locus LR for a resolved contributor could be in the order of tens or hundreds. (nih.gov)
- In addition, the male-specific DYS391 locus is included to identify null Y allele results for Amelogenin. (selectscience.net)
- The gender of the miscarriage cases was determined by amplifying the amelogenin locus (70 males and 60 females). (geneticsmr.com)
Transgenic mouse1
- In order to delineate a precise role of TGF-ß signaling during amelogenesis, we developed a transgenic mouse line that harbors bovine amelogenin promoter-driven Cre recombinase, and bred this line with TGF-ß receptor II floxed mice to generate ameloblast-specific TGF-ß receptor II conditional knockout (cKO) mice. (harvard.edu)
Tooth1
- Amelogenin is involved in the formation of enamel, which is the hard, white material that forms the protective outer layer of each tooth. (nih.gov)
Determination1
- 9. Sex determination based on amelogenin DNA by modified electrode with gold nanoparticle. (nih.gov)
Vivo2
Morphology1
- In this experiment, we will be finding the effect of amelogenin on calcium phosphate crystal morphology. (myprojectideas.com)
Regeneration1
- Emdogain® is a gel of amelogenins which stimulates regeneration around teeth and speeds the healing process with soft tissue procedures. (periodontalhealth.com)
Dentin1
- We reported that our patent-pending hydrogels composed of chitosan and amelogenin (CS-AMEL) can promote regrowth of an enamel-like layer and remineralize dentin. (grantome.com)
Amplification1
- The Investigator DIPplex Kit enables the amplification of 30 deletion/insertion polymorphisms (also known as INDELs) plus Amelogenin. (qiagen.com)
Crystals1
- Although the exact function of amelogenin is not well understood, it appears to separate and support the crystals as they grow. (nih.gov)
Teeth1
- For further diagnostic tests, the affected teeth are assessed through immunohistochemistry with anti-amelogenin antibodies. (bestcaninehealth.com)
Essential2
- While it has long been known that amelogenin is essential for the proper development of enamel, its role has generally been seen as structural in nature. (nih.gov)
- Amelogenin is the major component of this matrix and it is essential for proper enamel biomineralisation [15]. (actioncams.club)
Test1
- The Amelogenin Sex Test: The Missing Y? (aafs.org)