Amanitins
Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals.
Blastula
Carbon
Escherichia coli O157
A verocytotoxin-producing serogroup belonging to the O subfamily of Escherichia coli which has been shown to cause severe food-borne disease. A strain from this serogroup, serotype H7, which produces SHIGA TOXINS, has been linked to human disease outbreaks resulting from contamination of foods by E. coli O157 from bovine origin.
Nitrogen
E1A-Associated p300 Protein
Pipecuronium
Cell Adhesion Molecules
Antigens, Neoplasm
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules
Cell adhesion molecule involved in a diverse range of contact-mediated interactions among neurons, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and myotubes. It is widely but transiently expressed in many tissues early in embryogenesis. Four main isoforms exist, including CD56; (ANTIGENS, CD56); but there are many other variants resulting from alternative splicing and post-translational modifications. (From Pigott & Power, The Adhesion Molecule FactsBook, 1993, pp115-119)
Mushroom Poisoning
Alpha-Amanitin
Ligands
A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
RNA Polymerase II
Giardia lamblia
Giardia
Giardiasis
Transcription, Genetic
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
A mass spectrometry technique used for analysis of nonvolatile compounds such as proteins and macromolecules. The technique involves preparing electrically charged droplets from analyte molecules dissolved in solvent. The electrically charged droplets enter a vacuum chamber where the solvent is evaporated. Evaporation of solvent reduces the droplet size, thereby increasing the coulombic repulsion within the droplet. As the charged droplets get smaller, the excess charge within them causes them to disintegrate and release analyte molecules. The volatilized analyte molecules are then analyzed by mass spectrometry.
Mass Spectrometry
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Multiprotein Complexes
Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
A mass spectrometric technique that is used for the analysis of large biomolecules. Analyte molecules are embedded in an excess matrix of small organic molecules that show a high resonant absorption at the laser wavelength used. The matrix absorbs the laser energy, thus inducing a soft disintegration of the sample-matrix mixture into free (gas phase) matrix and analyte molecules and molecular ions. In general, only molecular ions of the analyte molecules are produced, and almost no fragmentation occurs. This makes the method well suited for molecular weight determinations and mixture analysis.
Amino Acid Sequence
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
A mass spectrometry technique using two (MS/MS) or more mass analyzers. With two in tandem, the precursor ions are mass-selected by a first mass analyzer, and focused into a collision region where they are then fragmented into product ions which are then characterized by a second mass analyzer. A variety of techniques are used to separate the compounds, ionize them, and introduce them to the first mass analyzer. For example, for in GC-MS/MS, GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY is involved in separating relatively small compounds by GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY prior to injecting them into an ionization chamber for the mass selection.
Onset of nucleolar and extranucleolar transcription and expression of fibrillarin in macaque embryos developing in vitro. (1/436)
Specific aims were to characterize the onset of nucleolar and extranucleolar transcription and expression of the nucleolar protein fibrillarin during preimplantation development in vitro in macaque embryos using autoradiographic and immunocytochemical techniques. Autoradiography was performed on whole embryos cultured with [3H]uridine for assessment of nucleolar (rRNA) and extranucleolar (mRNA) transcription. Expression of fibrillarin was immunocytochemically assessed in whole embryos using a primary antibody against fibrillarin and a fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated secondary antibody. Extranucleolar incorporation of [3H]uridine was first detected in 2-cell embryos cultured 6-10 h with [3H]uridine. Culture with alpha-amanitin prevented incorporation of label in 2-cell embryos, and treatment with ribonuclease reduced the signal to background levels, indicating that [3H]uridine was incorporated into mRNA and not rRNA or DNA. Nucleolar incorporation of [3H]uridine was not evident in pronucleate-stage or 2- to 5-cell embryos, but it was detected in one 6-cell embryo and in all 8-cell to blastocyst-stage embryos. Fibrillarin was first expressed in some 6- to 7-cell embryos, but it was consistently expressed in all 8-cell embryos. Fibrillarin was localized to the perimeter of the nucleolar precursor bodies, forming a ring that completely encapsulated these structures. Fibrillarin was not expressed in 8- to 16-cell embryos cultured with alpha-amanitin, indicating that it is transcribed, rather than recruited, at the 8-cell stage. In conclusion, in in vitro-fertilized macaque embryos developing in vitro, extranucleolar synthesis of mRNA is initiated at the 2-cell stage while the onset of nucleolar transcription occurs at the 6- to 8-cell stage, coincident with expression of fibrillarin. (+info)Bone marrow ribonucleic acid polymerase. Effect of testosterone on nucleotide incorporation into nuclear RNA. (2/436)
The incorporation of 3H-UTP into RNA by isolated rat bone marrow nuclei is stimulated by testosterone. This effect is hormone and tissue specific. Using alpha-amanitine and different ionic strength conditions it was found that testosterone enhances preferentially RNA polymerase I activity. The sedimentation pattern of RNA isolated from bone marrow nuclei shows that the synthesis of RNA species within the 14-30 S range is mainly stimulated by the hormone. (+info)Stochastic and nonstochastic post-transcriptional silencing of chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase genes involves increased RNA turnover-possible role for ribosome-independent RNA degradation. (3/436)
Stochastic and nonstochastic post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in Nicotiana sylvestris plants carrying tobacco class I chitinase (CHN) and beta-1,3-glucanase transgenes differs in incidence, stability, and pattern of expression. Measurements with inhibitors of RNA synthesis (cordycepin, actinomycin D, and alpha-amanitin) showed that both forms of PTGS are associated with increased sequence-specific degradation of transcripts, suggesting that increased RNA turnover may be a general feature of PTGS. The protein synthesis inhibitors cycloheximide and verrucarin A did not inhibit degradation of CHN RNA targeted for PTGS, confirming that PTGS-related RNA degradation does not depend on ongoing protein synthesis. Because verrucarin A, unlike cycloheximide, dissociates mRNA from ribosomes, our results also suggest that ribosome-associated RNA degradation pathways may not be involved in CHN PTGS. (+info)Isolation and characterization of RNA polymerase B from the larval fat body of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta. (4/436)
DNA-dependent RNA polymerase B has been extensively purified from the larval fat body of the tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) by employing chromatography on ion-exchange columns of DEAE-Sephadex, DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose and centrifugation on glycerol gradients. The isolated enzyme after electrophoresis on acrylamide gels shows one main band and one minor band, both having enzyme activity sensitive to alpha-amanitin. The catalytic and physicochemical properties of the enzyme are similar to those of other eucaryotic B-type RNA polymerases. The enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 530000, is inhibited 50% by alpha-amanitin at 0.04 microgram/ml and shows maximum activity on denatured DNA at 5 mM Mn2+ and 100 mM ammonium sulfate. An antibody was obtained that cross-reacts with the pure enzyme and forms a precipitin line. This antibody does not cross react with either Escherichia coli RNA polymerase or with wheat germ RNA polymerase but does react with one of the B polymerases isolated from wing tissue of the silkmoth, Antheraea pernyi. (+info)Inefficient processing impairs release of RNA from the site of transcription. (5/436)
We describe here for the first time the site of retention within the nucleus of pre-mRNA processing mutants unable to be exported to the cytoplasm. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to detect transcripts from human beta-globin genes that are either normal or defective in splicing or 3' end formation. Nuclear transcripts of both wild-type and mutant RNAs are detected only as intranuclear foci that colocalize with the template gene locus. The kinetics of transcript release from the site of transcription was assessed by treatment of cells with the transcriptional inhibitors actinomycin D, alpha-amanitin and DRB. These drugs induce the rapid disappearance of nuclear foci corresponding to wild-type human beta-globin RNA. In contrast, pre-mRNA mutants defective in either splicing or 3' end formation and which fail to be transported to the cytoplasm, are retained at the site of transcription. Therefore, 3' end processing and splicing appear to be rate limiting for release of mRNA from the site of transcription. (+info)Ubiquitination of RNA polymerase II large subunit signaled by phosphorylation of carboxyl-terminal domain. (6/436)
A sensitive assay using biotinylated ubiquitin revealed extensive ubiquitination of the large subunit of RNA polymerase II during incubations of transcription reactions in vitro. Phosphorylation of the repetitive carboxyl-terminal domain of the large subunit was a signal for ubiquitination. Specific inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk)-type kinases suppress the ubiquitination reaction. These kinases are components of transcription factors and have been shown to phosphorylate the carboxyl-terminal domain. In both regulation of transcription and DNA repair, phosphorylation of the repetitive carboxyl-terminal domain by kinases might signal degradation of the polymerase. (+info)The transcriptional inhibitors, actinomycin D and alpha-amanitin, activate the HIV-1 promoter and favor phosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain. (7/436)
Actinomycin D and alpha-amanitin are commonly used to inhibit transcription. Unexpectedly, however, the transcription of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) long terminal repeats (LTR) is shown to be activated at the level of elongation, in human and murine cells exposed to these drugs, whereas the Rous sarcoma virus LTR, the human cytomegalovirus immediate early gene (CMV), and the HSP70 promoters are repressed. Activation of the HIV LTR is independent of the NFkappaB and TAR sequences and coincides with an enhanced average phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) from the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. Both the HIV-1 LTR activation and the bulk CTD phosphorylation enhancement are prevented by several CTD kinase inhibitors, including 5, 6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole. The efficacies of the various compounds to block CTD phosphorylation and transcription in vivo correlate with their capacities to inhibit the CDK9/PITALRE kinase in vitro. Hence, the positive transcription elongation factor, P-TEFb, is likely to contribute to the average CTD phosphorylation in vivo and to the activation of the HIV-1 LTR induced by actinomycin D. (+info)RNA polymerase II targets pre-mRNA splicing factors to transcription sites in vivo. (8/436)
Biochemical evidence indicates that pre-mRNA splicing factors physically interact with the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II. We have investigated the in vivo function of this interaction. In mammalian cells, truncation of the CTD of RNA pol II LS prevents the targeting of the splicing machinery to a transcription site. In the absence of the CTD, pre-mRNA splicing is severely reduced. The presence of unspliced RNA alone is not sufficient for the accumulation of splicing factors at the transcription site, nor for its efficient splicing. Our results demonstrate a critical role for the CTD of RNA pol II LS in the intranuclear targeting of splicing factors to transcription sites in vivo. (+info)
German Bars Cold Therapy 808nm Diode Laser High Speed Sliding Mode Hair Removal Machine , Diode Laser 808 - beautydevices images
SMART: Secondary literature for WW domain
Endothelial Cell-Targeted Amatoxin Conjugates for Effective Therapy of Breast Cancer - Bogdan Olenyuk
Giardia lamblia RNA polymerase II: amanitin-resistant transcription.
amanitin | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
ChemIDplus - 55325-99-0 - GBHLBBPUSBXKSA-AGOVMNPFSA-N - alpha-Amanitin, 4-(2-mercapto-6-methoxy-L-tryptophan)-, S-oxide -...
Explore the ADC component hazards, risks and safety project elements in HPAPI
Get Rid of Rodents in Alaska - My Pest Control
TFBSbank: a dedicated and comprehensive platform to dissect the big data of protein-DNA interaction in model species
The Psychoactive Properties Found in Amanita Species - The Ethnobotanical Garden - Shroomery Message Board
Amanita mushrooms - WikEM
Battarrea phalloides, Sandy Stiltball fungus
Just ate Amanitas - The Pub - Shroomery Message Board
The role of Halobacterium cutirubrum deoxyribonucleic acid-dependent ribonucleic acid polymerase subunits in initiation and...
Amanita phalloides dissertation | Amanita phalloides (MushroomExpert.Com)
Mushroom poisoning in Hong Kong: a ten-year review | HKMJ
Intravenous Milk Thistle (Silibinin-Legalon) for Hepatic Failure Induced by Amatoxin/Amanita Mushroom Poisoning - Full Text...
Intravenous Milk Thistle (Silibinin-Legalon) for Hepatic Failure Induced by Amatoxin/Amanita Mushroom Poisoning - Full Text...
amanita virosa spores
A new family of polymerases related to superfamily A DNA polymerases and T7-like DNA-dependent RNA polymerases | Biology Direct...
Amanita | Article about Amanita by The Free Dictionary
Amanita virosa (The messenger) | Consciousness creates reality
Lepiota
tagetitoxin, a selective transcription of chloroplast
Mushroom Observer: Observation 209052: Amanita arocheae Tulloss et al.
Therapeutic potential of amanitin-conjugated anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule monoclonal antibody against pancreatic...
Mushroom Poisoning | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
View source for Small Molecules for Xenopus Research - Xenbase
Amanita submembranacea, mushroom
Mushroom Observer: Observation 211974: Amanita penetratrix Tulloss nom. prov.
Characterization and Toxicity of Amanita cokeri Extract | SpringerLink
MycoDB : Photos de champignons - Amanita echinocephala
MycoDB : Photos de champignons - Amanita eliae
POLR2H - DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3 - Homo sapiens (Human) - POLR2H gene & protein
Tumor therapy with Amanita phalloides (death cap): stabilization of B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia. | Advanced Cancer...
Mycotaxon: Volume 76 Article Abstract
How Does Toadstool Poison Kill Humans and What Is the Most Poisonous Mushroom In the World?
California Fungi/ Funeral Bell | Poisonous Nature
Life or Death Situation - Bay Area Mycological Society
Amanita solitaria - Amanitaceae.org - Taxonomy and Morphology of Amanita and Limacella
Amanita citrina f. alba (Pers.) Quél., 1892
rpb6 - DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2 - Schizosaccharomyces pombe (strain 972 / ATCC 24843) ...
Amanita phalloides - Wikipedia
Death cap mushroom poison to arrest pancreatic cancer in mice
amanita virosa manitoba
Hallucinogenic effect | Article about Hallucinogenic effect by The Free Dictionary
Amanita Ivan Shishkin Reproduction | 1st Art Gallery
In the Military: Ophthalmologists at My Next Move for Veterans
Anthony J Koleske, PhD | Yale School of Medicine
The Actin Gene Promoter of Trypanosoma-brucei
| DIAL.pr - BOREAL
Novel Assay to Detect RNA Polymerase I Activity In Vivo | Molecular Cancer Research
Actinomycin G (ActD), a good known transcription inhibitors, offers been widely | High-Throughput Screen for the Chemical...
Rsp5 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Mediates DNA Damage-Induced Degradation of the Large Subunit of RNA Polymerase II in...
MIP Newsletter, CVMBS, Colorado State University
Ode Street Tribune: squirrel eating wild mushrooms
Publications | Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry
Team THC
The DuckCore 2.0: Amanita - Amanita (2012)
Amanita Hill: 2010
The destroying angel mushroom - WriteWork
Galerina marginata
... was shown in various studies to contain the amatoxins α-amanitin and γ-amanitin, first as G. venenata, then ... Later experiments confirmed the occurrence of γ-amanitin and β-amanitin in German specimens of G. autumnalis and G. marginata ... Both amanitins were quantified in G. autumnalis (1.5 mg/g dry weight) and G. marginata (1.1 mg/g dry weight). ... Based on this value, the ingestion of 10 G. marginata fruit bodies containing about 250 µg of amanitins per gram of fresh ...
Amatoxin
Alpha-amanitin (α-Amanitin) primarily affects the bridge helix of the RNA pol II complex, a highly conserved domain 35 amino ... This test sensitively detects alpha-amanitin and gamma-amanitin (clearly detects 10 ng/mL), and exhibits slightly less ... Alpha-amanitin binds to the bridge helix of the RNA Pol II complex and it also binds to part of the complex that is adjacent to ... beta-Amanitin is also an inhibitor of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II and RNA polymerase III, and as a result, mammalian protein ...
RNA polymerase
Alpha-amanitin Primase Werner F, Grohmann D (February 2011). "Evolution of multisubunit RNA polymerases in the three domains of ...
RNA polymerase II
... is inhibited by α-Amanitin and other amatoxins. α-Amanitin is a highly poisonous substance found in many ... Alpha-Amanitin inhibits RNAP II by strong interactions in the enzyme's "funnel", "cleft", and the key "bridge α-helix" regions ... Gong, Xue Q.; Nedialkov, Yuri A.; Burton, Zachary F. (2004-06-25). "α-Amanitin Blocks Translocation by Human RNA Polymerase II ... "The RNA polymerase II trigger loop functions in substrate selection and is directly targeted by alpha-amanitin". Molecular Cell ...
Lepiota brunneoincarnata
It is known to contain deadly amounts of alpha-amanitin and was responsible for a fatal poisoning in Spain in 2002, and a ... A family in Salon-de-Provence in France was poisoned after mistaking them for the grey knight (Tricholoma terreum). Amanitin ... Intravenous silibinin has a role in reducing amanitin uptake. Other specific measures include penicillin G and n-acetylcysteine ...
Amanita phalloides
Of the amatoxins, α-amanitin is the chief component and along with β-amanitin is likely responsible for the toxic effects. ... The principal toxic constituent is α-amanitin, which damages the liver and kidneys, causing liver and kidney failure that can ... Letschert K, Faulstich H, Keller D, Keppler D (May 2006). "Molecular characterization and inhibition of amanitin uptake into ... Jahn, W. (1980). "Pharmacokinetics of {3H}-methyl-dehydroxymethyl-amanitin in the isolated perfused rat liver, and the ...
Mushroom poisoning
Alpha-amanitin: For 6-12 hours, there are no symptoms. This is followed by a period of gastrointestinal upset (vomiting and ... Patients hospitalized and given aggressive support therapy almost immediately after ingestion of amanitin-containing mushrooms ... α-amanitin, the poison produced by the death cap (Amanita phalloides) and others of the genus, is not denatured by heat. " ...
Galerina sulciceps
Although these clinical symptoms are inconsistent with those of amatoxin poisoning, the presence of α-, β- and γ- amanitins in ... amanitin; a series of poisonings in Indonesia in the 1930s resulted in 14 deaths from the consumption of this species. It has a ... The survey of fungi containing amanitins and phalloidins]. Časopis Lékařů Českých (in Czech). 132: 449-51. Besl H. (1981). " ... while later studies of toxin concentrations in amanitin-containing mushrooms corroborate this view. The symptoms of poisoning ...
Galerina
Many (though not all) Galerina contain alpha-amanitin and other amatoxins. Galerina steglichii is very rare, bruises blue and ... Klán J. (1993). "Prehled hub obsahujících amanitiny a faloidiny [A review of mushrooms containing amanitins and phalloidines ...
Amanita phalloides
β-Amanitin, where an amide of the α-amanitin has been replaced by a carboxylic acid (lower left corner) ... α-amanitin is the chief component and along with β-amanitin is likely responsible for the toxic effects.[62][63] Their major ... The principal toxic constituent is α-amanitin, which damages the liver and kidneys, causing liver and kidney failure that can ... Jahn, W. (1980). "Pharmacokinetics of {3H}-methyl-dehydroxymethyl-amanitin in the isolated perfused rat liver, and the ...
Amanita
The most potent toxin present in these mushrooms is α-amanitin. The genus also contains many edible mushrooms, but mycologists ...
Oligopeptide
Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanita phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals. Antipain - An ... Examples of oligopeptides include: Amanitins - Cyclic peptides taken from carpophores of several different mushroom species. ...
Cyclic peptide
Examples include: Amanitins Bacitracin Colistin Ciclosporin Dactinomycin Daptomycin Gramicidin S Hymenistatin Microcystins ... for example in amanitin. Many cyclic peptides have been discovered in nature and many others have been synthesized in the ... Bicyclics such as the amanitins and the phalloidins contain a bridging group, generally between two of the side chains. In the ...
Amanita bisporigera
One mature fruit body can contain 10-12 mg of α-amanitin, enough for a lethal dose. The α-amanitin concentration in the spores ... Three subtypes of amatoxin have been described: α-, β, and γ-amanitin. The principal amatoxin, α-amanitin, is readily absorbed ... Roughly 0.2 to 0.4 milligrams of α-amanitin is present in 1 gram of A. bisporigera; the lethal dose in humans is less than 0.1 ... Zhang P, Chen Z, Hu J, Wei B, Zhang Z, Hu W (2005). "Production and characterization of Amanitin toxins from a pure culture of ...
Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides
α-Amanitin, an amatoxin, has a number of posttranslational modifications in addition to macrocyclization and formation of the ... As an amatoxin, α-amanitin is an inhibitor of RNA polymerase II. Bottromycins contain a C-terminal decarboxylated thiazole in ...
Amanita citrina
It has been shown that this mushroom contains the alpha-amanitin toxin. However, the amounts of this toxin were found to be ...
Amaninamide
It differs from alpha-amanitin in lacking the hydroxyl group on tryptophan. This alters its UV absorption spectrum but not its ...
Amanita exitialis
Amatoxins content (alpha-amanitin and beta-amanitins especially alpha-amanitin) in the cap, stem or volva of A. exitialis was ... The content and distribution of the main amatoxins (alpha-amanitin, beta-amanitin) and phallotoxins (phallacidin, phallisin, ... Zhang P, Chen Z, Hu J, Wei B, Zhang Z, Hu W (2005). "Production and characterization of Amanitin toxins from a pure culture of ...
Amanita virosa
Of the amatoxins, α-amanitin is the chief component and along with β-amanitin is likely responsible for the toxic effects. ... Jahn, W. (1980). "Pharmacokinetics of {3H}-methyl-dehydroxymethyl-amanitin in the isolated perfused rat liver, and the ... its principal toxic constituent α-amanitin damages the liver and kidneys, usually fatally. The common name of destroying angel ...
Transcription factor II H
Also, the purified TFIIH has role in making RNA by activating enzyme a-amanitin. Mutation in genes ERCC3/XPB, ERCC2/XPD or TTDA ...
Patrick Cramer
Bushnell, David A.; Cramer, Patrick; Kornberg, Roger D. (5 February 2002). "Structural basis of transcription: α-Amanitin-RNA ...
Armillaria
Galerina have a dark brown spore print and are deadly poisonous (alpha-amanitin) - see: mushroom poisoning. Honey fungus is a " ...
Lepiota brunneolilacea
It is known to contain deadly amounts of alpha-Amanitin, and was responsible for a fatal poisoning. List of deadly fungi List ...
Enzyme inhibitor
An example of a toxic peptide is alpha-amanitin, which is found in relatives of the death cap mushroom. This is a potent enzyme ...
Amanita verna
Fungi portal Amanitin List of Amanita species List of deadly fungi Mushroom poisoning "GSD Species Synonymy: Amanita verna ( ... Just like the death cap, this organism contains a fatal dose of alpha-amanitin, which causes liver failure if not treated ...
Destroying angel
... intensive combined treatment applied in these cases is effective in relieving patients with both moderate and severe amanitin ...
Chemical test in mushroom identification
ISBN 978-0-88902-977-4. Beuhler, M; Lee, DC; Gerkin, R (2004). "The Meixner test in the detection of alpha-amanitin and false- ...
Piet Borst
Kooter JM, Borst P. Alpha-amanitin-insensitive transcription of variant surface glycoprotein genes provides further evidence ...
Heinrich Otto Wieland
In 1941, Wieland isolated the toxin alpha-amanitin, the principal active agent of one of the world's most poisonous mushrooms ...
Regulation of gene expression
RNA and protein degradation rates are measured by means of transcription inhibitors (actinomycin D or α-amanitin) or ...
Amanitin - Wikipedia
Epsilon-Amanitin - Wikipedia
α-Amanitin - Substance Information - ECHA
Harmonised classification and labelling is a legally binding classification and labelling for a substance, agreed at European Community level. Harmonisation is based on the substances physical, toxicological and eco-toxicological hazard assessment. The Hazard classification and labelling section uses the signal word, pictogram(s) and hazard statements of the substance under the harmonised classification and labelling (CLH) as its primary source of information.. If the substance is covered by more than one CLH entry (e.g. disodium tetraborate EC no. 215-540-4, is covered by three harmonisations: 005-011-00-4; 005-011-01-1 and 005-011-02-9), CLH information cannot be displayed in the InfoCard as the difference between the CLH classifications requires manual interpretation or verification. If a substance is classified under multiple CLH entries, a link to the C&L Inventory is provided to allow users to view CLH information associated with the substance, instead of having the information ...
Beta-Amanitin - Википедија, слободна енциклопедија
α-Amanitin from Amanita phalloides, ≥90% (HPLC), powder | Sigma-Aldrich
The RNA polymerase II trigger loop functions in substrate selection and is directly targeted by alpha-amanitin. - PubMed - NCBI
B. α-amanitin inhibition of 2-dATP usage by wild type Pol II is different than inhibition of NTP usage, while α-amanitin has ... α-amanitin inhibition of WT Pol II is substrate selective, while H1085Y Pol II is mostly resistant to α-amanitin ... Assay performed and rates determined exactly as in with α-amanitin treatment as in , except α-amanitin was at 10 µg/mL. For 2- ... Direct Interaction Between Rpb1 His1085 and α-amanitin and TL Capture May Underlie α-amanitin Inhibition of Transcription ...
AMA - Alpha-amanitin proprotein precursor - Amanita fuliginea (East Asian brown death cap) - AMA gene & protein
Gamma-amanitinBy similarity. ,p>Manually curated information which has been propagated from a related experimentally ... 3R,4R)-4,5-dihydroxyisoleucine; in form alpha-amanitinBy similarity. Manual assertion inferred from sequence similarity toi ... 3R,4S)-4-hydroxyisoleucine; in form gamma-amanitinBy similarity. Manual assertion inferred from sequence similarity toi ... Alpha-amanitinBy similarity. Manual assertion inferred from sequence similarity toi ...
Amanitin - BÜHLMANN
The Amanitin ELISA test is an additional diagnostic tool in the clinical management of mushroom poisoning - BÜHLMANN ... The detection of alpha-Amanitin (100 %) and gamma-Amanitin (90 %) in urine using the BÜHLMANN Amanitin ELISA confirms Amanita ... AMANITIN. Intoxication with Amanitin has been reported to be lethal in up to 25% of all cases and the mortality rate in ... AMANITIN. Intoxication with Amanitin has been reported to be lethal in up to 25% of all cases and the mortality rate in ...
Therapeutic potential of amanitin-conjugated anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule monoclonal antibody against pancreatic...
This preclinical study suggests that anti-EpCAM antibody conjugates with α-amanitin have the potential to be highly effective ... chiHEA125-Ama [n = 6 mice], dose of 15 mg/kg with respect to IgG and 50 μg/kg with respect to α-amanitin, mean relative ... Conclusion: This preclinical study suggests that anti-EpCAM antibody conjugates with α-amanitin have the potential to be highly ... Therapeutic potential of amanitin-conjugated anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule monoclonal antibody against pancreatic ...
Hepatoprotective Effects and Mechanisms of Action of Triterpenoids from Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom Ganoderma lucidum ...
Alpha-amanitin | definition of alpha-amanitin by Medical dictionary
... alpha-amanitin explanation free. What is alpha-amanitin? Meaning of alpha-amanitin medical term. What does alpha-amanitin mean? ... Looking for online definition of alpha-amanitin in the Medical Dictionary? ... alpha-amanitin. Also found in: Dictionary, Wikipedia. α-am·a·ni·tin. (am-ă-nītin), A highly toxic, heat-stable bicyclic ... Determination of alpha-amanitin in serum and liver by multistage linear ion trap mass spectrometry.. Recollections: Lily ...
In Vitro Analysis of α-Amanitin-Resistant Transcription from the rRNA, Procyclic Acidic Repetitive Protein, and Variant Surface...
Alpha-amanitin resistant transcription of protein coding genes in insect and bloodstream form Trypanosoma brucei.EMBO J. 8 1989 ... Effect of α-amanitin on PARP-trm, VSG-trm, and Rib-trm transcription. In vitro transcription reactions were carried out in the ... Transcription of PARP-trm, Rib-trm, and VSG-trm was not affected by α-amanitin at 200 μg/ml (Fig. 3, lanes 4, 7, and 10), and ... Effect of RNA Pol inhibitors.In T. brucei, the effect of α-amanitin on the transcription of various genes has been analyzed by ...
α-Amanitin ≥90% | VWR
A-amanitin | definition of a-amanitin by Medical dictionary
... a-amanitin explanation free. What is a-amanitin? Meaning of a-amanitin medical term. What does a-amanitin mean? ... Looking for online definition of a-amanitin in the Medical Dictionary? ... alpha-amanitin. (redirected from a-amanitin) α-am·a·ni·tin. (am-ă-nītin), A highly toxic, heat-stable bicyclic oligopeptide in ... A-amanitin , definition of a-amanitin by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/a-amanitin ...
amanitin | Ligand page | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY
alpha-Amanitin induced apoptosis in primary cultured dog hepatocytes. | Magdalan | Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica
Amanitin - BUHLMANN
The Amanitin ELISA test is an additional diagnostic tool in the clinical management of mushroom poisoning - BUHLMANN ... The BÜHLMANN Amanitin ELISA detects alpha-Amanitin (100 %) and gamma-Amanitin (90 %) in urine. ... The main toxic actions are caused by Amanitins, which are bicyclic octapeptides. Amanitins occur in the extremely poisonous ... The Amanitin phalloides syndrome is estimated to be responsible for 95% of fatal cases of mushroom poisonings throughout the ...
T3DB: epsilon-Amanitin
epsilon-amanitin. SMILES. [H][[email protected]@](C)(O)[[email protected]]([H])(C)[[email protected]]1([H])N=C(O)[[email protected]]2([H])C[[email protected]@]([H])(O)CN2C(=O)[[email protected]]([H])(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)[C ... epsilon-Amanitin is one of a group of at least eight Amatoxins found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably ... epsilon-Amanitin (T3D3587). IdentificationTaxonomyBiological PropertiesPhysical PropertiesToxicity ProfileSpectraConcentrations ...
Giardia lamblia RNA polymerase II: amanitin-resistant transcription.
The amanitin motif (amanitin binding site) of Rpb1 from G. lamblia has amino acid substitutions at six highly conserved sites ... These observations of amanitin resistance of Giardia RNA polymerase II support previous proposals of the mechanism of amanitin ... RNAP II transcription in Giardia is resistant to 1 mg/ml amanitin. In contrast, 50 microg/ml amanitin inhibits 85% of RNAP III ... The cyclic octapeptide amanitin is a relatively selective inhibitor of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) and is commonly ...
Amanitin(ANT)ELISA Kit | Technique alternative | 01012361118 - Anti ELISA
Clustered α-amanitin resistance mutations in mouse - Fingerprint
- Johns Hopkins University
Detection of α-, β-, and γ-amanitin in urine by LC-MS/MS using 15N10-α-amanitin as the internal standard
... α-amanitin and a modified amanitin methionine sulfoxide synthetic peptide. Using the ,N,-α-amanitin internal standard, ... β- and γ-Amanitin were most accurately quantitated in pooled urine using external calibration, resulting in precision ≤17.2% ... We have developed a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method to detect α-, β-, and γ-amanitin in urine to meet ... The presented urinary diagnostic test is the first method to use an isotopically labeled α-amanitin with the ability to detect ...
Live-cell analysis of endogenous GFP-RPB1 uncovers rapid turnover of initiating and promoter-paused RNA Polymerase II | PNAS
S5E), illustrating the reduced productive elongation rate after α-Amanitin (46). In addition, α-Amanitin led to degradation of ... Another widely used transcription inhibitor is α-Amanitin. α-Amanitin traps Pol II in a conformation that prevents ... FRAP of GFP-RPB1 in NT cells and cells treated with 0.5 µM Triptolide for 1 h (A) or 100 µg/mL α-Amanitin for 2 h (C). Mg132, ... Modeled, FI-corrected Pol II fraction sizes in NT KI cells or after treatment with Triptolide (B) or α-Amanitin (D). Mean ± SD ...
Emergency Response Branch Laboratory Capacity | CDC
Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C
Diagnosis and Management of Foodborne Illnesses --- A Primer for Physicians and Other Health Care Professionals
MykoWeb: Toxic Fungi of Western North America
Mushroom Poisoning Syndromes - North American Mycological Association
Amanitins are a group of complex cyclic polypeptides which damage tissues by inhibiting RNA synthesis within each individual ... Amanitin (Amatoxins). Mushrooms: Amanita phalloides, A. ocreata, A. verna, A. bisporigera, Conocybe filaris, Galerina marginata ... If you have any reason to suspect that someone has ingested an amanitin-containing mushroom, DONT WAIT for symptoms to appear ... The fatality rate for Amanitin poisoning is about 50% without prompt, knowledgeable medical treatment, but is about 10% in the ...
Diagnostic accuracy of urinary amanitin in suspected mushroom poisoning: A pilot study<...
keywords = "Amanita, Amanitins analysis, Amanitins diagnostic use, Amatoxins, Mushroom poisoning diagnosis, Sensitivity and ... Urinary amanitin DE was 91.8%, 93.4%, and 80.3%, based on the cut-off value considered (1.5, 5.0, and 10.0 ng/ml, respectively ... Urinary amanitin DE was 91.8%, 93.4%, and 80.3%, based on the cut-off value considered (1.5, 5.0, and 10.0 ng/ml, respectively ... Urinary amanitin DE was 91.8%, 93.4%, and 80.3%, based on the cut-off value considered (1.5, 5.0, and 10.0 ng/ml, respectively ...
Improved Peak Detection and Deconvolution of Native Electrospray Mass Spectra from Large Protein Complexes | SpringerLink
α-Amanitin is the active component of Amanita phalloides, known as the "death cap" mushroom. Amanitin stalls mRNA synthesis by ... Native MS Spectrum of RNA-Polymerase II/a-Amanitin Complex. As part of our efforts to measure low affinity ligand binding in ... 4). These correspond to states of both the 12 mer and the 10 mer with 1-4 molecules of amanitin bound. The average difference ... RNA polymerase II (pol II) was purified from Saccharomyces cerevisiae as previously described [38]. Pol II/α-amanitin binding ...
Alpha-amanitinAmanitaToxinAmatoxinsConjugatesCyclicPolymerase II inhibitorAmatoxinBeta-AmanitinPoisonousEnzymeELISAResistantMushroomsTranscriptionBicyclic octapeptidesAntibodiesUrineHeidelberg PharmaCycloheximideLiver injuryResistanceHepatotoxicitySensitivityConcentrationsSigma-AldrichPoisoningVivoToxicCellsAnimalsVitroFoundProteinTherapeutic
Alpha-amanitin32
- The RNA polymerase II trigger loop functions in substrate selection and is directly targeted by alpha-amanitin. (nih.gov)
- Amino acid substitutions within the Pol II TL preferentially alter substrate usage and enzyme fidelity, as does inhibition of transcription by alpha-amanitin. (nih.gov)
- Finally, substitution of His1085 in the TL specifically renders Pol II highly resistant to alpha-amanitin, indicating a functional interaction between His1085 and alpha-amanitin that is supported by rerefinement of an alpha-amanitin-Pol II crystal structure. (nih.gov)
- We propose that alpha-amanitin-inhibited Pol II elongation, which is slow and exhibits reduced substrate selectivity, results from direct alpha-amanitin interference with the TL. (nih.gov)
- The detection of alpha-Amanitin (100 %) and gamma-Amanitin (90 %) in urine using the BÜHLMANN Amanitin ELISA confirms Amanita intoxication. (buhlmannlabs.ch)
- Determination of alpha-amanitin in serum and liver by multistage linear ion trap mass spectrometry. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Doctors called a mycologist who questioned the patient and identified the mushroom as the aptly named "death angel," or Amanita bisporigera, which contains the heat-stable toxin alpha-amanitin capable of destroying the liver. (thefreedictionary.com)
- alpha-Amanitin induced apoptosis in primary cultured dog hepatocytes. (viamedica.pl)
- The BÜHLMANN Amanitin ELISA detects alpha-Amanitin (100 %) and gamma-Amanitin (90 %) in urine. (buhlmannlabs.com)
- Therefore, we measured the sensitivity of G. lamblia RNAP II transcription to alpha-amanitin and found that unlike most other eukaryotes, RNAP II transcription in Giardia is resistant to 1 mg/ml amanitin. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- One form was totally resistant to alpha-amanitin, whereas the second was 50% inhibited by 10-20 micrograms of the drug/ml. (portlandpress.com)
- Polymerase S, sensitive to low alpha-amanitin concentrations, was more extensively purified, with an 18% recovery, and yielded a single major band with two minor ones after native gel electrophoresis. (portlandpress.com)
- Time-lapse video recording and cytogenetic analysis were used to determine the sensitivity of NIH3T3 cells to the RNA polymerase II inhibitor alpha-amanitin at different stages of the cell cycle. (biomedsearch.com)
- Our results show that alpha-amanitin blocks cells specifically in G1, irrespective of the concentration within the range of 3 to 30 micrograms/ml. (biomedsearch.com)
- This suggests that cells exposed to alpha-amanitin are able to complete their cell cycle because sufficiently high levels of mRNA are present in S/G2 due to basal level transcription, or are left from preceding cell cycles. (biomedsearch.com)
- Inhibition of initiation of DNA replication in Drosophila by alpha-amanitin & its possible significance. (bvsalud.org)
- Alpha-amanitin (α-amanitin) is a major toxin from extremely poisonous Amanita fungi. (bvsalud.org)
- Alpha-amanitin was shown to inhibit triiodothyronine (T 3 )-induced increases in mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (α-GPD) and cytoplasmic malic enzyme activity in the livers of male Sprague-Dawley rats. (elsevier.com)
- A 3-fold increase in a-GPD observed 24 h after the iv injection of 3 μg T 3 /100 g BW was completely inhibited by administration of alpha-amanitin at 0 and 8 h. (elsevier.com)
- Similarly, alpha-amanitin blocked a two-to four-fold increase in malic enzyme 24 h following iv injection of 3 mg T 3 /IOO g BW into euthyroid rats. (elsevier.com)
- In euthyroid animals treated with T 3 and alpha-amanitin, a delayed increase in malic enzyme activity was observed at 72 h and attained values at 96 h similar to those in euthyroid animals injected with T 3 only. (elsevier.com)
- Oppenheimer, Jack H. / Alpha-amanitin administration results in a temporary inhibition of hepatic enzyme induction by triiodothyronine : Further evidence favoring a long-lived mediator of thyroid hormone action . (elsevier.com)
- Chemical structure of the amatoxin alpha-amanitin. (adcreview.com)
- A sensitive and simple method is described for the selective determination in human plasma of alpha-amanitin, the most poisonous and prevalent toxin in the lethal fungi of species Amanita, using high-performance liquid chromatography with amperometric detection. (univr.it)
- The linear range for alpha-amanitin was 3-200 ng/ml, and the relative limit of detection in plasma was 2 ng/ml at a signal-to-noise ratio of 2. (univr.it)
- For some time, cancer scientists have considered the toxin, alpha-amanitin derived from "death cap" mushrooms, as a possible cancer treatment. (mdanderson.org)
- Researchers at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center looked at antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) based on alpha-amanitin as one solution. (mdanderson.org)
- Lu's team tested the drug, alpha-amanitin as it was believed that it specifically inhibited POLR2A. (mdanderson.org)
- POLR2A encodes an enzyme that is inhibited by alpha-amanitin. (mdanderson.org)
- We found that suppression of POLR2A with low-dose alpha-amanitin stopped cancer cell growth and reduced toxicity. (mdanderson.org)
- If you happen to eat some alpha-amanitin laced mushrooms you'll feel cramps & diarrhea within 24 hours. (thebeautybrains.com)
- Mutant Caenorhabditis elegans RNA polymerase II with a 20,000-fold reduced sensitivity to alpha-amanitin. (genetics.org)
Amanita5
- Amanitins occur in the extremely poisonous toadstools such as Amanita phalloides (death cap), Amanita verna (white death cap), Amanita virosa (destroying angel) and other Amanita species. (buhlmannlabs.ch)
- epsilon-Amanitin is one of a group of at least eight Amatoxins found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (t3db.ca)
- Anti ELISA is world best provider of Amanitin ELISA Kit and Amanita muscaria products. (anti-elisa.com)
- Determination of α-, β and γ-Amanitin by High Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography in Amanita phalloides (Vaill. (degruyter.com)
- The mere thought of an identification error sends a chill down the spine of any mushroom lover: The death cap mushroom (Amanita phalloides), which resembles the common white button mushroom, contains one of the most deadly poisons found in nature, α-amanitin. (dkfz.de)
Toxin7
- Chemical cross-linking was conducted to covalently conjugate α-amanitin, a toxin known to inhibit DNA transcription, with chiHEA125, a chimerized anti-EpCAM monoclonal antibody, to generate the antibody-drug conjugate α-amanitin-glutarate-chiHEA125 (chiHEA125-Ama). (nih.gov)
- In Trypanosoma brucei , transcription resistant to the mushroom toxin α-amanitin is not restricted to the rRNA genes (rDNA), as in higher eukaryotes, but extends to genes encoding the major cell surface proteins variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) and procyclin or procyclic acidic repetitive protein (PARP). (asm.org)
- A Convergent Total Synthesis of the Death Cap Toxin α-Amanitin. (nih.gov)
- Scientists of the German Cancer Research Center have coupled the fungal toxin amanitin to an antibody which recognizes a cancer-typical target molecule. (dkfz.de)
- The amanitins also causes tubular necrosis to the kidneys, as the organs attempt to filter out the toxin. (prezi.com)
- Nardo, 2012) In the eucaryotic cells, the amanitin toxin directly interact with the enzyme RNA polymerase II and decreases transcription of mRNA. (prezi.com)
- The test also could be a practical and definitive way for mushroom foragers to identify and avoid eating mushrooms with amanitin toxin if a commercial partner can be found to produce and market a test kit. (icangarden.com)
Amatoxins3
- Amanitin may refer to several related amatoxins: α-Amanitin β-Amanitin γ-Amanitin ε-Amanitin This set index page lists chemical compounds articles associated with the same name. (wikipedia.org)
- Like other amatoxins, ε-amanitin is an inhibitor of RNA polymerase II. (wikipedia.org)
- If the gastrointestinal distress begins 6 to 24 hours after ingestion of the mushrooms, there is a possibility of a very serious toxicity from Amatoxins (see Amanitin). (namyco.org)
Conjugates7
- This preclinical study suggests that anti-EpCAM antibody conjugates with α-amanitin have the potential to be highly effective therapeutic agents for pancreatic carcinomas and various EpCAM-expressing malignancies. (nih.gov)
- The contract has been signed in an effort to develop a novel class of antibody drug conjugates that will be based on Heidelberg Pharma's patented technology to integrate a-Amanitin to antibodies. (thefreedictionary.com)
- Heidelberg Pharma, a subsidiary of Wilex, has signed an exclusive multi-target research agreement with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company for the joint development of antibody-drug conjugates that use amanitin as the payload. (adcreview.com)
- Antibody Targeted Amanitin Conjugates or ATACs are ADCs whose active ingredient is made up of amatoxin molecules. (adcreview.com)
- In 2012 researchers at the Department of Translational Immunology of the German Cancer Research Center generated an anti-EpCAM antibody conjugates with α-amanitin. (adcreview.com)
- Their pre-clinical results confirmed the potential of an anti-EpCAM antibody conjugates with α-amanitin to be highly effective therapeutic agents for pancreatic carcinomas and various EpCAM-expressing malignancies. (adcreview.com)
- Under the terms of the exclusive multi-target research agreement, Heidelberg Pharma will produce Antibody Targeted Amanitin Conjugates (ATACs) using antibodies from Takeda's proprietary portfolio for up to three undisclosed targets. (adcreview.com)
Cyclic4
- epsilon-Amanitin or ε-amanitin is a cyclic peptide. (wikipedia.org)
- The cyclic octapeptide amanitin is a relatively selective inhibitor of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) and is commonly used to study RNAP II transcription. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- These analytical conditions have been chosen on the basis of a preliminary in batch cyclic voltammetric investigation of alpha-, beta- and gamma-amanitins, which has allowed their oxidation process to be clarified and the pH dependence of their oxidation potentials to be determined. (univr.it)
- Amanitins are a group of complex cyclic polypeptides which damage tissues by inhibiting RNA synthesis within each individual cell. (emaxhealth.com)
Polymerase II inhibitor1
- The cell line was treated with T 3 at a physiological dose (10 −9 M) for 10 minutes, 1 and 4 hour (h) in the presence or absence of the inhibitors, α-amanitin (RNA polymerase II inhibitor) and PD98059 (MAPK/ERK pathway inhibitor). (scielo.br)
Amatoxin1
- To identify amatoxin poisoning, initial clinical assessment resulted more sensitive and urinary amanitin analysis more specific. (elsevier.com)
Beta-Amanitin2
- Beta-Amanitin je organsko jedinjenje , koje sadrži 39 atoma ugljenika i ima molekulsku masu od 919,954 Da . (wikipedia.org)
- This adsorption did not affect the signal recorded for alpha- and gamma-amanitins at the amperometric detector, and for beta-amanitin a stronger adsorption for the anodic product was found, which leads to a marked positive shift of the potential required for the oxidation of this isomer in the amperometric detector cell. (univr.it)
Poisonous1
- The new test can identify the presence of as little as 10 parts per billion (equivalent to 10 cents out of $10 million) of amanitin in about 10 minutes from a rice grain size sample of a mushroom or in the urine of someone who has eaten a poisonous amanitin-containing mushroom. (icangarden.com)
Enzyme3
- The amanitin-resistant enzyme, polymerase R, was partially purified by chromatography on CM-Sephadex, DEAE-Sephadex and heparin-Sepharose. (portlandpress.com)
- The amanitin-sensitive enzyme is also inhibited by exotoxin, but higher concentrations are required. (portlandpress.com)
- However, data from Lai and coworkers has been interpreted as evidence that the synthesis of antigenomic RNA is resistant to high doses of amanitin and therefore may be more consistent with being directed by RNA Pol I, the enzyme involved in the transcription of rRNAs ( 23 , 25 , 27 ). (asm.org)
ELISA1
- The lethality of a few mushrooms underlines the importance of the Amanitin ELISA offered by BÜHLMANN. (buhlmannlabs.ch)
Resistant4
- Here, we report the development of a homologous cell extract from procyclic T. brucei cells in which rDNA and PARP A and VSG gene promoters drive efficient, accurate, and α-amanitin-resistant transcription. (asm.org)
- One outstanding finding was that transcription of these genes is, in contrast to most other protein-coding genes of T. brucei , resistant to α-amanitin, a characteristic of RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-mediated transcription ( 9 , 21 , 32 ). (asm.org)
- Giardia lamblia RNA polymerase II: amanitin-resistant transcription. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- The activity resistant to α-amanitin is stimulated by ecdysone, and both normal and the ecdysone-stimulated activities are inhibited by the exotoxin. (portlandpress.com)
Mushrooms3
- The most common mushrooms to cause death in humans and pets contain Amanitin toxins. (cathealth.com)
- Other mushrooms containing Amanitins belong to the Galerina and Lepiota families . (cathealth.com)
- This test is the most sensitive and reliable field method available to chemically identify amanitin-containing mushrooms. (icangarden.com)
Transcription3
- In contrast, 50 microg/ml amanitin inhibits 85% of RNAP III transcription activity using leucyl-tRNA as a template. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- When treated with α-amanitin to inhibit transcription or JQ-1 to inhibit binding of acetyl-reader proteins, H3K27ac foci still appeared but RNAP2 Ser2ph and miR-430 morpholino were not concentrated in foci, suggesting that H3K27ac precedes active transcription during ZGA. (biologists.org)
- The data generated with a nuclear run-on assay demonstrated that synthesis not only of genomic RNA but also of its complement, the antigenome, could be inhibited by low concentrations of amanitin specific for Pol II transcription. (asm.org)
Bicyclic octapeptides1
- The main toxic actions are caused by Amanitins, which are bicyclic octapeptides. (buhlmannlabs.ch)
Antibodies1
- Moldenhauer, who has many years of experience in developing therapeutic antibodies, already has plans for amanitin-conjugated guided missiles against other cancers. (dkfz.de)
Urine2
- Amanitin analysis in urine is a valuable diagnostic tool and does significantly contribute to the management of mushroom poisoning. (buhlmannlabs.ch)
- Early detection of amanitin in a patient's urine would help doctors trying to make a diagnosis. (icangarden.com)
Heidelberg Pharma1
- On November 11th, 2019, Magenta announced that it had exercised its option with Heidelberg Pharma for exclusive worldwide development and marketing rights for ADCs using an amanitin payload and targeting CD45. (businesswire.com)
Cycloheximide1
- amanitin and cycloheximide. (eurekamag.com)
Liver injury1
- This study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of triterpenoids from G. lucidum on liver injury induced by a-amanitin (α-AMA) in mice and the mechanisms of action of these triterpenoids, including radical scavenging and antiapoptosis activities. (nih.gov)
Resistance2
- The amanitin motif (amanitin binding site) of Rpb1 from G. lamblia has amino acid substitutions at six highly conserved sites that have been associated with amanitin resistance in other organisms. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
- These observations of amanitin resistance of Giardia RNA polymerase II support previous proposals of the mechanism of amanitin resistance in other organisms and provide a molecular framework for the development of novel drugs with selective activity against G. lamblia. (mblwhoilibrary.org)
Hepatotoxicity2
- Oxidative stress, which may contribute to severe hepatotoxicity was induced by α-amanitin. (bvsalud.org)
- The aim of this study was to investigate whether Glehnia littoralis ethyl acetate extract (GLEA) has the protective antioxidant effects on α-amanitin -induced hepatotoxicity. (bvsalud.org)
Sensitivity2
- To determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic efficacy (DE) of urinary amanitin analysis in cases of suspected mushroom poisoning. (elsevier.com)
- At present, the best diagnostic accuracy can be obtained taking advantage of both the high sensitivity and negative predictive value of the clinical assessment performed by an experienced toxicologist, and the high specificity and positive predictive value that characterize urinary amanitin analysis. (elsevier.com)
Concentrations1
- We found that low concentrations of amanitin that block the accumulation of host Pol II transcripts but not those of Pol I or Pol III were also able to block the accumulation of HDV genomic RNA, antigenomic RNA, and the mRNA. (asm.org)
Sigma-Aldrich1
- LPS from Escherichia coli (0128: B12), α-amanitin, and mithramycin were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. (rupress.org)
Poisoning1
- In the in vitro model, Glehnia littoralis was effective in limiting hepatic injury after α-amanitin poisoning. (bvsalud.org)
Vivo1
- An anti-CD117 ADC conjugated with amanitin potently depleted human and non-human primate hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors in vivo . (businesswire.com)
Toxic2
- The principal toxic constituent is α-amanitin , which damages the liver and kidneys , causing liver and kidney failure that can be fatal. (wikipedia.org)
- The principal toxic constituent is amanitin which damages the liver and kidneys. (emaxhealth.com)
Cells5
- Human hepatoma cell line HepG2 cells were pretreated in the presence or absence of GLEA (50, 100 and 200µg/ml) for 4 hours, then exposed to 60µmol/L of α-amanitin for an additional 4 hours. (bvsalud.org)
- However, our amanitin-conjugated antibody has a much greater potential for killing cancer cells. (dkfz.de)
- Nardo, 2012) Amanitins are toxins released by the death cap mushroom and are absorbed by the liver causing necrosis to the liver cells. (prezi.com)
- Preclinical data at ASH this year show potent and selective depletion of human and non-human primate stem cells with our non-genotoxic CD117 ADC conjugated to amanitin. (businesswire.com)
- Both the anti-CD117 amanitin ADC (C200 program) and the anti-CD45 amanitin ADC (C100 program) showed potent killing of human hematopoietic stem cells and human leukemia cell lines expressing these targets in vitro . (businesswire.com)
Animals1
- The extracts also seemed to protect experimental animals from amanitin. (mykoweb.com)
Vitro1
- Over expression of transcripts by IVM oocytes is particularly interesting, therefore, a variety of approaches were employed to determine whether the observed transcriptional changes during IVM were real or an artifact of the techniques used during analysis, including the analysis of transcript abundance in oocytes in vitro matured in the presence of α-amanitin. (springer.com)
Found1
- All three amanitins are oxidized at the same potential values, and adsorption onto the electrode surface of both reactant and products was found in all cases. (univr.it)
Protein1
- This software is capable of deconvoluting heterogeneous, complex, and noisy native mass spectra of large protein assemblies as demonstrated by analysis of (1) synthetic mononucleosomes containing severely overlapping peaks, (2) an RNA polymerase II/α-amanitin complex with many closely interleaved ion signals, and (3) human TriC complex containing high levels of background noise. (springer.com)
Therapeutic1
- amanitin have the potential to be highly effective therapeutic agents for pancreatic carcinomas and various EpCAM-expressing malignancies. (sureserver.com)