Alprostadil: A potent vasodilator agent that increases peripheral blood flow.Erectile Dysfunction: The inability in the male to have a PENILE ERECTION due to psychological or organ dysfunction.Urethra: A tube that transports URINE from the URINARY BLADDER to the outside of the body in both the sexes. It also has a reproductive function in the male by providing a passage for SPERM.Coitus: The sexual union of a male and a female, a term used for human only.Penis: The external reproductive organ of males. It is composed of a mass of erectile tissue enclosed in three cylindrical fibrous compartments. Two of the three compartments, the corpus cavernosa, are placed side-by-side along the upper part of the organ. The third compartment below, the corpus spongiosum, houses the urethra.Penile Erection: The state of the PENIS when the erectile tissue becomes filled or swollen (tumid) with BLOOD and causes the penis to become rigid and elevated. It is a complex process involving CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEMS; HORMONES; SMOOTH MUSCLES; and vascular functions.Sciatic Neuropathy: Disease or damage involving the SCIATIC NERVE, which divides into the PERONEAL NERVE and TIBIAL NERVE (see also PERONEAL NEUROPATHIES and TIBIAL NEUROPATHY). Clinical manifestations may include SCIATICA or pain localized to the hip, PARESIS or PARALYSIS of posterior thigh muscles and muscles innervated by the peroneal and tibial nerves, and sensory loss involving the lateral and posterior thigh, posterior and lateral leg, and sole of the foot. The sciatic nerve may be affected by trauma; ISCHEMIA; COLLAGEN DISEASES; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1363)Drug Administration Routes: The various ways of administering a drug or other chemical to a site in a patient or animal from where the chemical is absorbed into the blood and delivered to the target tissue.Vasodilator Agents: Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels.Double-Blind Method: A method of studying a drug or procedure in which both the subjects and investigators are kept unaware of who is actually getting which specific treatment.Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Syringes: Instruments used for injecting or withdrawing fluids. (Stedman, 25th ed)Disposable Equipment: Apparatus, devices, or supplies intended for one-time or temporary use.Priapism: A prolonged painful erection that may lasts hours and is not associated with sexual activity. It is seen in patients with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA, advanced malignancy, spinal trauma; and certain drug treatments.Solutions: The homogeneous mixtures formed by the mixing of a solid, liquid, or gaseous substance (solute) with a liquid (the solvent), from which the dissolved substances can be recovered by physical processes. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Universal Precautions: Prudent standard preventive measures to be taken by professional and other health personnel in contact with persons afflicted with a communicable disease, to avoid contracting the disease by contagion or infection. Precautions are especially applicable in the diagnosis and care of AIDS patients.Injections: Introduction of substances into the body using a needle and syringe.Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic: A syndrome characterized by persistent or recurrent fatigue, diffuse musculoskeletal pain, sleep disturbances, and subjective cognitive impairment of 6 months duration or longer. Symptoms are not caused by ongoing exertion; are not relieved by rest; and result in a substantial reduction of previous levels of occupational, educational, social, or personal activities. Minor alterations of immune, neuroendocrine, and autonomic function may be associated with this syndrome. There is also considerable overlap between this condition and FIBROMYALGIA. (From Semin Neurol 1998;18(2):237-42; Ann Intern Med 1994 Dec 15;121(12): 953-9)Pleurodynia, Epidemic: An acute, febrile, infectious disease generally occurring in epidemics. It is usually caused by coxsackieviruses B and sometimes by coxsackieviruses A; echoviruses; or other enteroviruses.Bipolar Disorder: A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94)Gastroesophageal Reflux: Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.Arterial Occlusive Diseases: Pathological processes which result in the partial or complete obstruction of ARTERIES. They are characterized by greatly reduced or absence of blood flow through these vessels. They are also known as arterial insufficiency.Peripheral Vascular Diseases: Pathological processes involving any one of the BLOOD VESSELS in the vasculature outside the HEART.Leg: The inferior part of the lower extremity between the KNEE and the ANKLE.Tibial Arteries: The anterior and posterior arteries created at the bifurcation of the popliteal artery. The anterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle and lies along the tibia at the distal part of the leg to surface superficially anterior to the ankle joint. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg, ankle, and foot. The posterior tibial artery begins at the lower border of the popliteus muscle, lies behind the tibia in the lower part of its course, and is found situated between the medial malleolus and the medial process of the calcaneal tuberosity. Its branches are distributed throughout the leg and foot.Peripheral Arterial Disease: Lack of perfusion in the EXTREMITIES resulting from atherosclerosis. It is characterized by INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION, and an ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX of 0.9 or less.Intermittent Claudication: A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE.Sexual Dysfunctions, Psychological: Disturbances in sexual desire and the psychophysiologic changes that characterize the sexual response cycle and cause marked distress and interpersonal difficulty. (APA, DSM-IV, 1994)Clitoris: An erectile structure homologous with the penis, situated beneath the anterior labial commissure, partially hidden between the anterior ends of the labia minora.Genitalia, Female: The female reproductive organs. The external organs include the VULVA; BARTHOLIN'S GLANDS; and CLITORIS. The internal organs include the VAGINA; UTERUS; OVARY; and FALLOPIAN TUBES.Sleep Arousal Disorders: Sleep disorders characterized by impaired arousal from the deeper stages of sleep (generally stage III or IV sleep).Erotica: Literary or artistic items having an erotic theme. It refers especially to books treating sexual love in a sensuous or voluptuous manner. (Webster, 3d ed)Human Experimentation: The use of humans as investigational subjects.Internet: A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.Physician-Patient Relations: The interactions between physician and patient.Research Personnel: Those individuals engaged in research.Raynaud Disease: An idiopathic vascular disorder characterized by bilateral Raynaud phenomenon, the abrupt onset of digital paleness or CYANOSIS in response to cold exposure or stress.Cold Temperature: An absence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably below an accustomed norm.Syndrome: A characteristic symptom complex.Toe Phalanges: Bones that make up the SKELETON of the TOES, consisting of two for the great toe, and three for each of the other toes.Finger Phalanges: Bones that make up the SKELETON of the FINGERS, consisting of two for the THUMB, and three for each of the other fingers.Ischemia: A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.Toes: Any one of five terminal digits of the vertebrate FOOT.Bones of Upper Extremity: The bones of the upper and lower ARM. They include the CLAVICLE and SCAPULA.Organ Sparing Treatments: Techniques, procedures, and therapies carried out on diseased organs in such a way to avoid complete removal of the organ and preserve the remaining organ function.Vacuum: A space in which the pressure is far below atmospheric pressure so that the remaining gases do not affect processes being carried on in the space.Prostatectomy: Complete or partial surgical removal of the prostate. Three primary approaches are commonly employed: suprapubic - removal through an incision above the pubis and through the urinary bladder; retropubic - as for suprapubic but without entering the urinary bladder; and transurethral (TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION OF PROSTATE).Prostatic Neoplasms: Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.Ductus Arteriosus, Patent: A congenital heart defect characterized by the persistent opening of fetal DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS that connects the PULMONARY ARTERY to the descending aorta (AORTA, DESCENDING) allowing unoxygenated blood to bypass the lung and flow to the PLACENTA. Normally, the ductus is closed shortly after birth.Ductus Arteriosus: A fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with the descending aorta.Vascular Patency: The degree to which BLOOD VESSELS are not blocked or obstructed.Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent: A congenital anomaly caused by the failed development of TRUNCUS ARTERIOSUS into separate AORTA and PULMONARY ARTERY. It is characterized by a single arterial trunk that forms the outlet for both HEART VENTRICLES and gives rise to the systemic, pulmonary, and coronary arteries. It is always accompanied by a ventricular septal defect.
Specific inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by clopidogrel in vitro. (1/875)
1. The thienopyridine clopidogrel is a specific inhibitor of ADP-induced platelet aggregation ex vivo. No direct effects of clopidogrel (< or = 100 microM) on platelet aggregation in vitro have been described so far. 2. Possible in vitro antiaggregatory effects (turbidimetry) of clopidogrel were studied in human platelet-rich plasma and in washed platelets. 3. Incubation of platelet-rich plasma with clopidogrel (< or = 100 microM) for up to 8 h did not result in any inhibition of ADP (6 microM)-induced platelet aggregation. 4. Incubation of washed platelets with clopidogrel resulted in a time- (maximum effects after 30 min) and concentration-dependent (IC50 1.9+/-0.3 microM) inhibition of ADP (6 microM)-induced platelet aggregation. Clopidogrel (30 microM) did not inhibit collagen (2.5 microg ml(-1))-, U46619 (1 microM)- or thrombin (0.1 u ml(-1))-induced platelet aggregation. The inhibition of ADP-induced aggregation by clopidogrel (30 microM) was insurmountable indicating a non-equilibrium antagonism of ADP actions. The R enantiomer SR 25989 C (30 microM) was significantly less active than clopidogrel (30 microM) in inhibiting platelet aggregation (32+/-5% vs 70+/-1% inhibition, P < 0.05, n = 5). 5. In washed platelets, clopidogrel (< or = 30 microM) did not significantly reverse the inhibition of prostaglandin E1 (1 microM)-induced platelet cyclic AMP formation by ADP (6 microM). 6. The antiaggregatory effects of clopidogrel were unchanged when the compound was removed from the platelet suspension. However, platelet inhibition by clopidogrel was completely abolished when albumin (350 mg ml(-1)) was present in the test buffer. 7. It is concluded that clopidogrel specifically inhibits ADP-induced aggregation of washed platelets in vitro without hepatic bioactivation. Inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation by clopidogrel in vitro occurs in the absence of measurable effects on the reversal of PGE1-stimulated cyclic AMP by ADP. (+info)Oxytocin-induced Ca2+ responses in human myometrial cells. (2/875)
Complex spatiotemporal changes in intracellular Ca2+ were monitored in an immortalized human myometrial cell line (PHM1-41) and first-passage human myometrial cells after oxytocin stimulation (1. 0-1000 nM). Laser cytometry revealed intracellular Ca2+ oscillations in both culture systems starting at 1.0 nM, which were followed by repetitive Ca2+ transients by 10-15 min that lasted for at least 90 min. The amplitude of the initial Ca2+ spike was dose dependent, while the frequency of Ca2+ oscillations identified by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) tended to increase with dose. Removal of oxytocin resulted in termination of oscillations. Analysis of the sources of the Ca2+ involved in oscillations indicated that the major contribution to oscillation frequencies of +info)Gestational regulation of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor receptor expression in the human placenta. (3/875)
A number of cytokines and their receptors are abundantly expressed at the materno-fetal interface and are thought to have a function in the regulation of placentation. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is expressed by stromal cells in both placental tissue and maternal decidua throughout placentation. In this study, we examined the expression of placental G-CSF receptor (G-CSFR) mRNA and protein throughout gestation by ribonuclease protection assays, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. The major placental form of G-CSFR mRNA, corresponding to a membrane-bound form of the protein, was present in first-trimester placental tissues; levels decreased in second- and were highest in third-trimester placental tissues. Two placental G-CSFR molecules, 120 kDa and 150 kDa, were detected in first- and third-, but not second-, trimester tissues. The level of the 150-kDa G-CSFR was greater in the third- than in first-trimester samples. These differences were irrespective of whether or not the patients had received prostaglandin E1 analogues, prostaglandin E1 analogues and oxytocin, oxytocin alone, or mifepristone before labor. We demonstrated by immunohistochemistry that interstitial cytotrophoblast in first- and second-trimester decidual tissue and cytotrophoblast in term fetal membranes express G-CSFR. These data demonstrate that the expression of specific forms of placental G-CSFR is strictly cell type- and developmental stage-specific, and they suggest that G-CSFR may be important in decidual invasion of cytotrophoblast and in trophoblast function during placentation. (+info)Transduction mechanisms of porcine chondrocyte inorganic pyrophosphate elaboration. (4/875)
OBJECTIVE: To investigate cellular signaling mechanisms that influence chondrocyte production of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), which promotes calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystal deposition. METHODS: Articular chondrocyte and cartilage cultures were stimulated with protein kinase C (PKC) activator and adenyl cyclase activator. Generation of extracellular PPi was measured. RESULTS: Adenyl cyclase activation resulted in diminished pyrophosphate generation. PKC activation stimulated pyrophosphate elaboration. CONCLUSION: Two signaling pathways, cAMP and PKC, modulate generation of extracellular pyrophosphate by cartilage and chondrocytes. They are novel targets for potentially diminishing extracellular pyrophosphate elaboration that leads to CPPD crystal deposition. (+info)Effects of the prostanoid EP3-receptor agonists M&B 28767 and GR 63799X on infarct size caused by regional myocardial ischaemia in the anaesthetized rat. (5/875)
1. This study investigates the effects of two agonists of the prostanoid EP3-receptor (M&B 28767 and GR 63799X) on the infarct size caused by regional myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion in the anaesthetized rat. 2. One hundred and sixty-seven, male Wistar rats were anaesthetized (thiopentone, 120 mg kg(-1) i.p.), ventilated (8-10 ml kg(-1), 70 strokes min(-1), inspiratory oxygen concentration: 30%; PEEP: 1-2 mmHg) and subjected to occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD, for 7.5, 15, 25, 35, 45 or 60 min) followed by reperfusion (2 h). Infarct size was determined by staining of viable myocardium with a tetrazolium stain (NBT), histological evaluation by light and electron microscopy and determination of the plasma levels of cardiac troponin T. 3. M&B 28767 (0.5 microg kg(-1) min(-1), i.v., n=7) or GR 63799X (3 microg kg(-1) min(-1), i.v., n=7) caused significant reductions in infarct size from 60+/-3% (25 min ischaemia and 2 h reperfusion; saline-control, n=8) to 39+/-6 and 38+/-4% of the area at risk, without causing a significant fall in blood pressure. Pretreatment of rats with 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD), an inhibitor of ATP-sensitive potassium channels, attenuated the cardioprotective effects of both EP3-receptor agonists. The reduction in infarct size afforded by M&B 28767 was also abolished by glibenclamide and the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine and chelerythrine. 4. Thus, M&B 28767 and GR 63799X reduce myocardial infarct size in the rat by a mechanism(s) which involves the activation of PKC and the opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels. (+info)Transcranial Doppler pattern after intracarotid papaverine and prostaglandin E1 incorporated in lipid microsphere in patients with vasospasm. (6/875)
We studied the effects of intracarotid papaverine and prostaglandin E1 incorporated in lipid microsphere (Lipo-PGE1) in relation with transcranial Doppler parameters such as mean flow velocity (MFV) and pulsatile index (PI) of the proximal segment of the middle cerebral artery. Eighty patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were included in this study. In the case of angiographic vasospasm, papaverine at 7 mg/min with total dose below 300 mg per artery and 10-20 micrograms of Lipo-PGE1 were injected in the supraclinoid portion of the internal carotid artery. Vasospasm was improved in 24 patients (63%), however, it was unchanged in 14 patients (37%). The former patients had more favorable outcomes than the latter patients (p < 0.005). After intracarotid injection therapy, the correlation between MFV and PI was classified into three types: type 1, both MFV and PI decreased; type 2, MFV decreased but PI increased; and type 3, both MFV and PI fluctuated. The Glasgow Outcome Scale 3 months after SAH was as follows: type 1 (n = 15), good in 14 (93%) and moderate disability in one (7%); type 2 (n = 9), good in eight (89%) and vegetative state in one (11%); and type 3 (n = 14), moderate disability in five (36%), severe disability in seven (50%), and death in two (14%). Chi-square analysis showed significant differences between type 1 and type 3 (p < 0.005), and type 2 and type 3 (p < 0.005). In conclusion, intracarotid papaverine combined with Lipo-PGE1 was effective for vasospasm but type 3 patients require a different treatment protocol. (+info)Platelet-stimulated thrombin and PDGF are normalized by insulin and Ca2+ channel blockers. (7/875)
Coronary artery disease is accelerated in chronic spinal cord injury (SCI). Because prostacyclin (PGI2) may retard atherogenesis through its inhibitory effects on platelet function, the role of PGI2 on SCI platelets was determined. The SCI platelets were neither hypersensitive to aggregating agonists nor resistant to the inhibitory effect of PGI2, but PGI2 failed to inhibit platelet-stimulated thrombin generation and the release of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in SCI. Because thrombin and PDGF are atherogenic mitogens, the generation of these mitogens was investigated. Both the release of PDGF and thrombin generation in SCI platelets were higher when compared with control (n = 12). Treatment of non-SCI platelets with 100 nM PGE1 (a stable probe of PGI2) inhibited the release of the mitogens by 90% (P < 0.001), with no effect on SCI platelets. Scatchard analysis of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) binding showed a 70% decrease of PGI2 receptors on the SCI platelet surface. Treatment of SCI platelets with insulin or Ca2+ channel blockers restored the PGI2-receptor number and "normalized" the inhibition of PDGF release and thrombin generation by PGI2. (+info)Seminal plasma components stimulate interleukin-8 and interleukin-10 release. (8/875)
Human seminal plasma has potent anti-inflammatory properties which are thought to confer a survival advantage to the spermatozoa within the hostile female genital tract. In contrast, a profound pro-inflammatory leukocytosis has been observed post-coitus in animals and humans. Whether components of seminal plasma are involved in initiating this leukocytic reaction is not known. This study investigated the effect of human seminal plasma, a seminal plasma fraction and its principal constituent prostaglandins, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and 19-hydroxy PGE, on the release of the pro-inflammatory neutrophil chemotactic factor interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI). The tissues studied were non-pregnant cervical explants, peripheral blood and the monocyte cell line U937. Seminal plasma fraction (SPF) significantly (P < 0.05) stimulated release of IL-8 and inhibited release of SLPI from non-pregnant cervical explants. SPF, PGE2 and 19-hydroxy PGE significantly (P< 0.005) stimulated IL-8 release from peripheral blood and U937 cells. 19-hydroxy PGE was significantly (P< 0.005) more effective than PGE2 in stimulating IL-8 release. Seminal plasma, SPF and PGE2 significantly (P < 0.05) stimulated IL-10 release from U937 cells. 19-hydroxy PGE stimulated IL-10 release from U937 cells but this failed to reach significance. Release of IL-10 by cervical explants and SLPI by peripheral blood and U937 cells were below the detection limit of the assays employed. We suggest that the anti- and pro-inflammatory immune responses which seminal plasma induces might act in combination initially to promote sperm survival and then to facilitate their removal from the female genital tract. (+info)Alprostadil is also available as a generic. The major cost is that it must be mixed by a compounding pharmacy and supplies may ... Alprostadil is also used in maintaining a patent ductus arteriosus in newborns. This is primarily useful when the threat of ... Muse delivers alprostadil as a penile suppository, inserted into the urethra, at least ten minutes before the erection is ... Alprostadil is also used for critical limb ischemia. It increases blood flow by peripheral vasodilation within five minutes and ...
In the US, "yohimbe" preparations are sold as a dietary supplements for enhancing libido, for weight loss and as aids for bodybuilding; but "There is virtually no published research on yohimbe which supports these or any other claims".[9]:861 Often, these products explicitly claim to contain yohimbine.[8] Cohen et al. found that samples of brands sold in American brick-and-mortar stores contained highly variable amounts of yohimbine, and sometimes none at all.[8]:368 Labelling claims were often misleading.[8]:368 Similar results have been reported by other laboratories for products sold in the U.S., in other countries and on the internet.[15][16][17][18][19] One study found that many brands of "yohimbe" might not derive from the P. johimbe tree in the first place.[20] According to yet another source the yohimbe sold in markets in West Africa, where the tree grows, is frequently adulterated with other species of the genus Pausinystalia; these contain little yohimbine.[21] The amounts of alkaloid ...
The common, adverse drug reactions (side effects) are the same as with other PDE5 inhibitors. The frequent vardenafil-specific side-effect is nausea; the infrequent side effects are abdominal pain, back pain, photosensitivity, abnormal vision, eye pain, facial edema, hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia, arthralgia, myalgia, rash, itch, and priapism. One possibly serious, but rare, side effect with vardenafil is heart attack. Also, in rare cases, vardenafil use may cause priapism, a very painful emergency condition that can cause impotence if left untreated.[4] On 18 October 2007, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that a warning about possible deafness (sudden hearing loss) would be added to the drug labels of vardenafil, and other PDE5 inhibitors.[5] ...
The FDA's approval of sildenafil in 1998[16] was a ground-breaking commercial event for the treatment of ED, with sales exceeding US$1 billion. Subsequently, the FDA approved vardenafil in 2003,[17] and tadalafil in 2003. It initially was developed by the biotechnology company ICOS, and then again developed and marketed worldwide by Lilly ICOS, LLC, the joint venture of ICOS Corporation and Eli Lilly and Company. Tadalafil was approved in 2009 in the United States for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension[18] and is under regulatory review in other regions for this condition. In late November 2008, Eli Lilly sold the exclusive rights to commercialize tadalafil for pulmonary arterial hypertension in the United States to United Therapeutics for an upfront payment of $150 million. Tadalafil was discovered by Glaxo Wellcome (now GlaxoSmithKline) under a partnership between Glaxo and ICOS to develop new drugs that began in August 1991.[19][20] In 1993, the Bothell, Washington biotechnology ...
... , also known as thymoxamine, is a drug used in urology for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.[1] It is an α1-adrenergic antagonist.[2] In the United Kingdom, Moxisylte is marketed as Opilon (Archimedes Pharma UK Ltd) and is used for the short-term treatment of primary Reynaud's syndrome. This is a condition where the fingers and toes become discoloured and is triggered by responses to cold, or emotional distress. Opilon tablets help by improving blood circulation to the extremities.[3][4] ...
ALPROSTADIL 17. AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE 18. AMIFOSTINE 19. AMIKACIN SULPHATE 20. AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE ...
Prostaglandins Dinoprost Alprostadil Prostaglandin F2, prostaglandin E1, carboprost Fenprostalene in cattle. This compound ...
The active ingredients in the mixture are usually alprostadil, papaverine, and phentolamine. The injection must be compounded ...
Alprostadil pellets are urethral suppositories used for the treatment of severe erectile dysfunction. They are marketed under ...
alprostadil CAVERJECT Pharmacia & Upjohn apomorfin CP UPRIMA Abbot Laboratories sildenafil CP REVATIO (VIAGRA) Pfizer Limited ...
PGE1 has a role in regulation of immune system function and is used as the medicine alprostadil. Unlike AA and EPA, DGLA cannot ...
... alprostadil). Other groups reported are antihypertensives, antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, clozapine), antidepressants ( ...
Prostaglandin PGE1 (Alprostadil) binds G-protein linked cell surface receptors that activate adenylate cyclase to relax ...
... hydrochloride is a functional inactive excipient currently used in the topical drug Vitaros, an alprostadil vasodilator ...
... alprostadil (INN) alrestatin (INN) Alrex alsactide (INN) Altace (Pfizer/Sanofi-Aventis) Altamist altanserin (INN) altapizone ( ...
Types include: Prostaglandin E1 also known as alprostadil Prostaglandin E2 also known as dinoprostone They are on the World ...
In some countries, erectile dysfunction patients may be prescribed Alprostadil in injectable form, which is self-injected ...
G04BD09 Trospium G04BD10 Darifenacin G04BD11 Fesoterodine G04BD12 Mirabegron G04BD13 Desfesoterodine G04BE01 Alprostadil ...
C01EA01 Alprostadil C01EB02 Camphor C01EB03 Indometacin C01EB04 Crataegus glycosides C01EB05 Creatinolfosfate C01EB06 ...
If male patients insist that their penis is shrinking and disappearing, measurements after intracavernosal alprostadil may be ...
... alprostadil MeSH D10.251.355.255.550.250.200 --- dinoprostone MeSH D10.251.355.255.550.400 --- prostaglandins f MeSH D10.251. ... alprostadil MeSH D10.251.355.325.190 --- capsaicin MeSH D10.251.355.325.200 --- cilastatin MeSH D10.251.355.325.240 --- ...
... alprostadil (intraurethral use), probucol, itraconazole, fenofibrate, acyclovir, simvastatin, xibornol, silymarin, alpha- ...
PGE1 as alprostadil). To treat egg binding in small birds As an ingredient in eyelash and eyebrow growth beauty products due to ...
... alprostadil MeSH D23.469.050.175.725.780.200 --- dinoprostone MeSH D23.469.050.175.725.790 --- prostaglandins f MeSH D23.469. ...
Alprostadil is also available as a generic. The major cost is that it must be mixed by a compounding pharmacy and supplies may ... Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), also known as alprostadil, is a naturally occurring prostaglandin which is used as a medication.[1] In ... Alprostadil is also used in maintaining a patent ductus arteriosus in newborns. This is primarily useful when the threat of ... Alprostadil is sold in the United States as urethral suppositories and in injectable form. The suppositories are sold under the ...
... and vasoactive agents used for intracavernous injection therapy such as alprostadil, papaverine, prostaglandin E1, phentolamine ...
Alprostadil Urogenital: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Alprostadil injection should not be used more than three times per week, with at least 24 hours between uses. Alprostadil ... Your doctor may tell you not to use alprostadil.. *if you are using the alprostadil pellet, tell your doctor if you have or ... Alprostadil does not cure erectile dysfunction or increase sexual desire. Alprostadil does not prevent pregnancy or the spread ...
Alprostadil belongs to the E-series of prostaglandins, which cause blood vessels to dilate (widen). ... Prostin VR injection contains the active ingredient alprostadil, which belongs to a family of naturally-occurring hormones ... Prostin VR (alprostadil). Prostin VR injection contains the active ingredient alprostadil, which belongs to a family of ... Alprostadil is used to treat babies who have been born with a heart defect. It is given to keep open a blood vessel called the ...
After the alprostadil solution is mixed and the needle is inserted into the alprostadil bottle, turn the bottle with the ... Information about this alprostadil-intracavernosal-route. Pregnancy Category. Explanation. All Trimesters. C. Animal studies ... Alprostadil should not be used as a sexual aid by men who do not have erectile dysfunction. If the medicine is not used ... Alprostadil for Injection while in the powder form can be stored at room temperature (between 15 and 25 °C or 59 and 77 °F) for ...
Alprostadil Injection USP; Caverject; Muse Pellet; Prostin VR. ¿Para qué se usa este medicamento?. *Se utiliza para tratar la ... Si es alérgico al alprostadil o cualquier otro componente de este medicamento. ...
MUSE® (alprostadil) is a single-use, medicated transurethral system for the delivery of alprostadil to the male urethra. ... Long-term carcinogenicity studies of alprostadil have not been conducted. Alprostadil showed no evidence of mutagenicity in ... permitting alprostadil to be absorbed by the urethral mucosa. The transurethral absorption of alprostadil after MUSE ... Known hypersensitivity to alprostadil (the active medication in MUSE) • An abnormally formed penis • Have been advised not to ...
Detailed drug Information for alprostadil Urethral. Includes common brand names, drug descriptions, warnings, side effects and ... Proper Use of alprostadil. Use alprostadil exactly as directed by your doctor. Do not use more of it, do not use it more often ... Alprostadil is available only with your doctors prescription.. Before Using alprostadil. In deciding to use a medicine, the ... Precautions While Using alprostadil. Do not use alprostadil suppositories if you have a penile implant unless advised by doctor ...
... alprostadil injection, solution), including warnings and precautions, directions, and the names of other drugs and products ...
Alprostadil official prescribing information for healthcare professionals. Includes: indications, dosage, adverse reactions, ... No unchanged Alprostadil has been found in the urine, and there is no evidence of tissue retention of Alprostadil or its ... Alprostadil must be infused continuously because it is very rapidly metabolized. As much as 80% of the circulating Alprostadil ... Alprostadil - Clinical Pharmacology. Alprostadil (prostaglandin E1) is one of a family of naturally occurring acidic lipids ...
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- Alprostadil injection is also sometimes used in combination with other tests to diagnose erectile dysfunction. (medlineplus.gov)
- Alprostadil does not cure erectile dysfunction or increase sexual desire. (medlineplus.gov)
- Alprostadil injection is used to treat men who have erectile dysfunction (also called sexual impotence). (mayoclinic.org)
- Alprostadil should not be used as a sexual aid by men who do not have erectile dysfunction. (mayoclinic.org)
- Alprostadil is used alone or with medical tests to help diagnose erectile dysfunction that may be caused by nerve or blood vessel problems in the penis. (mayoclinic.org)
- Caverject (alprostadil) is a naturally occurring form of prostaglandin used to treat erectile dysfunction ( impotence ) and to help diagnose certain causes of this disorder. (rxlist.com)
- Viridal Duo (alprostadil) is a prescription only treatment to help you get and maintain an erection if you suffer from erectile dysfunction. (pharmacy2u.co.uk)
- ALPROSTADIL (al PROS ta dil) is used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). This medicine helps to create and maintain an erection. (ahealthyme.com)
- We compared the effectiveness of sildenafil citrate and alprostadil in improving arterial penile inflow (peak systolic velocity (PSV)) and penile rigidity in 55 patients with erectile dysfunction caused by atherosclerosis. (nature.com)
- The first topical cream approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in men over the age of 18 years, Vitaros® (topical alprostadil cream), is now available for prescription in the UK. (medicalnewstoday.com)
- The Company is in late stage development for Vitaros, its topically applied NexACT-based alprostadil treatment for erectile dysfunction. (fiercebiotech.com)
- Alprostadil treats erectile dysfunction and rare genetic heart diseases. (rxwiki.com)
- Alprostadil is a prescription medication used to certain types of erectile dysfunction . (rxwiki.com)
- Caution - Alprostadil Injection CAN NOT be used by those people who don't have any Erectile dysfunction. (brightfuturesforfamilies.org)
- If you have erectile dysfunction and are looking for help, Alprostadil is the best known drug used to treat problems with male sexual functions. (erectiledysfunctionclinics.co.uk)
- Alprostadil is a medication used to treat impotence (erectile dysfunction) in men and is also intended to identify the possible causes of this disorder. (termsreign.gq)
- Alprostadil is a prostaglandin vasodilator prescribed to treat erectile dysfunction. (helprx.info)
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- The active ingredient of Viridal Duo, alprostadil, is like the natural substance prostaglandin E1. (pharmacy2u.co.uk)
- Bassam Damaj, Ph.D., President and Chief Executive Officer of NexMed, stated, "Given the disease characteristics, Raynaud's syndrome is an appealing product opportunity for us and one that we believe can benefit strongly from the active ingredient in Vitaros, which is alprostadil, or prostaglandin E1 (PGE1), a potent vasodilator. (fiercebiotech.com)
- Alprostadil belongs to a vasodilators medicine category, contains prostaglandin E1 that stimulates blood vessels to expand by relaxing the layer of muscles in the wall of the blood vessels. (brightfuturesforfamilies.org)
- Its active ingredient alprostadil, is similar to the natural substance prostaglandin E1 in your body. (medix24.com)
- Alprostadil (Prostaglandin E1) is used primarily to keep patency of ductus arteriosus but also has a mild pulmonary vasodilatory effect. (medscape.com)
- Bioglandin [Alprostadil (Prostaglandin E1) 500mcg/ml Amp. (ubplexport.com)
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- Prostaglandins Dinoprost Alprostadil Prostaglandin F2, prostaglandin E1, carboprost Fenprostalene in cattle. (wikipedia.org)
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- In a primarily elderly Scandinavian population, alprostadil injection dosage the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial-Blood Pressure Lowering Arm (ASCOT-BPLA) study showed significant overall mortality benefit in subjects aged >60 years when using a combination regimen of calcium channel blocker and ACEI, when compared to a beta-blocker and thiazide regimen? (ambassador-technologies.com)
- Alprostadil prices are affected by the method of administration and dosage strength. (helprx.info)
- The initial dose of alprostadil will be administered in a doctor's office in order to determine the correct dosage, demonstrate proper use, and to monitor for side effects. (helprx.info)
- Do not use more than 3 alprostadil injections per week. (adventisthealthcare.com)
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- Alprostadil used in the form of injections promotes the occurrence of an erection that lasts during the whole sexual intercourse in 80% of men suffering from sexual dysfunction, regardless of their age and the reasons for the problem. (mycanadianpharmacyrx.com)
- Alprostadil used in the form of suppositories is less effective than the injections and leads to an erection in 30-40% of men suffering from impotence. (mycanadianpharmacyrx.com)
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- For the injections -There are several alprostadil products that can be injected. (explainingmedicine.com)
- Hypotension - injections of CAVERJECT IMPULSE can lead to increased peripheral blood levels of alprostadil, especially in patients with significant corpora cavernosa venous leakage. (pfizermedicalinformation.com)
- What are some side effects of Alprostadil? (reference.com)
- More common side effects of alprostadil include a painful erection and short-term bleeding at the injection site, according to Drugs.com. (reference.com)
- Common side effects of alprostadil include lower body aches, warmth or burning sensation in the urethra, and light headedness or dizziness. (rxwiki.com)
- One product called Alprostadil for Injection (brand names Caverject® and Edex®) is available as a powder in a vial. (explainingmedicine.com)
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- Priapism, history of-Patients with these conditions have an increased risk of priapism (erection lasting longer than 6 hours) while using alprostadil. (mayoclinic.org)
- n =10): Av and A used alprostadil injection (capable of giving a full erection) once a week for 1 month, Sv and S took daily oral sildenafil (25 mg) for 1 month, and P took daily oral placebo for one month. (nature.com)
- In the long-term open label study, the majority (90 percent) of men using 300mcg of topical alprostadil for six months considered their erection improved compared to their erection at the beginning of the trial (measured by GAQ). (medicalnewstoday.com)
- Symptoms of an alprostadil overdose may include feeling light-headed, fainting, or having a painful or prolonged erection lasting 4 hours or longer. (prescription-drug-24.com)
- Alprostadil injection USP for intravascular infusion contains 500 micrograms Alprostadil, more commonly known as prostaglandin E 1 , in 1 mL dehydrated alcohol. (drugs.com)
- A retrospective single-center analysis of hemodialysis patients with critical limb ischemia was performed who were treated with the prostanoid analogue alprostadil as an infusion during hemodialysis in the period from 2000 to 2013. (springermedizin.at)
- CAVERJECT contains alprostadil a synthetic form of prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1 ) and is designated chemically as(11α,13E,15S)-11,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oic acid. (rxlist.com)
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- These observations led to the investigation of Alprostadil in infants who had congenital defects which restricted the pulmonary or systemic blood flow and who depended on a patent ductus arteriosus for adequate blood oxygenation and lower body perfusion. (drugs.com)
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- PURPOSE: To our knowledge we report the first large, randomized, prospective penile rehabilitation clinical trial to compare the effectiveness of nightly intraurethral alprostadil vs sildenafil citrate after nerve sparing prostatectomy. (druglib.com)
- CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to directly compare the ability of alprostadil and a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor to enhance penile recovery subsequent to bilateral nerve sparing radical prostatectomy. (druglib.com)
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