Alpha synuclein. Medical search

A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES that plays a role in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.

A family of homologous proteins of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT that are predominately expressed in the BRAIN and that have been implicated in a variety of human diseases. They were originally isolated from CHOLINERGIC FIBERS of TORPEDO.

A homolog of ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN that plays a role in neurofilament network integrity. It is overexpressed in a variety of human NEOPLASMS and may be involved in modulating AXON architecture during EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT and in the adult. Gamma-Synuclein may also activate SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS associated with ETS-DOMAIN PROTEIN ELK-1.

Disorders whose essential features are the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the individual or to others. Individuals experience an increased sense of tension prior to the act and pleasure, gratification or release of tension at the time of committing the act.

A synuclein that is closely related to ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN. It may play a neuroprotective role against some of the toxic effects of aggregated ALPHA-SYNUCLEIN.

A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)

One of the catecholamine NEUROTRANSMITTERS in the brain. It is derived from TYROSINE and is the precursor to NOREPINEPHRINE and EPINEPHRINE. Dopamine is a major transmitter in the extrapyramidal system of the brain, and important in regulating movement. A family of receptors (RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) mediate its action.

A PROTEIN O-METHYLTRANSFERASE that recognizes and catalyzes the methyl esterification of ISOASPARTIC ACID and D-ASPARTIC ACID residues in peptides and proteins. It initiates the repair of proteins damaged by the spontaneous decomposition of normal L-aspartic acid and L-asparagine residues.

Intracytoplasmic, eosinophilic, round to elongated inclusions found in vacuoles of injured or fragmented neurons. The presence of Lewy bodies is the histological marker of the degenerative changes in LEWY BODY DISEASE and PARKINSON DISEASE but they may be seen in other neurological conditions. They are typically found in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but they are also seen in the basal forebrain, hypothalamic nuclei, and neocortex.

A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.

Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

Plasma glycoprotein member of the serpin superfamily which inhibits TRYPSIN; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; and other PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES.

The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.

One of the two major pharmacological subdivisions of adrenergic receptors that were originally defined by the relative potencies of various adrenergic compounds. The alpha receptors were initially described as excitatory receptors that post-junctionally stimulate SMOOTH MUSCLE contraction. However, further analysis has revealed a more complex picture involving several alpha receptor subtypes and their involvement in feedback regulation.

Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is regulated by OXYGEN availability and is targeted for degradation by VHL TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN.

A member of the NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR subfamily of the LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNEL family. It consists entirely of pentameric a7 subunits expressed in the CNS, autonomic nervous system, vascular system, lymphocytes and spleen.

Cell surface receptor for LAMININ, epiligrin, FIBRONECTINS, entactin, and COLLAGEN. Integrin alpha3beta1 is the major integrin present in EPITHELIAL CELLS, where it plays a role in the assembly of BASEMENT MEMBRANE as well as in cell migration, and may regulate the functions of other integrins. Two alternatively spliced isoforms of the alpha subunit (INTEGRIN ALPHA3), are differentially expressed in different cell types.

An integrin alpha subunit that is unique in that it does not contain an I domain, and its proteolytic cleavage site is near the middle of the extracellular portion of the polypeptide rather than close to the membrane as in other integrin alpha subunits.

An integrin alpha subunit that primarily associates with INTEGRIN BETA1 or INTEGRIN BETA4 to form laminin-binding heterodimers. Integrin alpha6 has two alternatively spliced isoforms: integrin alpha6A and integrin alpha6B, which differ in their cytoplasmic domains and are regulated in a tissue-specific and developmental stage-specific manner.

An integrin found in FIBROBLASTS; PLATELETS; MONOCYTES, and LYMPHOCYTES. Integrin alpha5beta1 is the classical receptor for FIBRONECTIN, but it also functions as a receptor for LAMININ and several other EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX PROTEINS.

Integrin alpha4beta1 is a FIBRONECTIN and VCAM-1 receptor present on LYMPHOCYTES; MONOCYTES; EOSINOPHILS; NK CELLS and thymocytes. It is involved in both cell-cell and cell- EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX adhesion and plays a role in INFLAMMATION, hematopoietic cell homing and immune function, and has been implicated in skeletal MYOGENESIS; NEURAL CREST migration and proliferation, lymphocyte maturation and morphogenesis of the PLACENTA and HEART.

An interleukin-1 subtype that occurs as a membrane-bound pro-protein form that is cleaved by proteases to form a secreted mature form. Unlike INTERLEUKIN-1BETA both membrane-bound and secreted forms of interleukin-1alpha are biologically active.

An integrin found on fibroblasts, platelets, endothelial and epithelial cells, and lymphocytes where it functions as a receptor for COLLAGEN and LAMININ. Although originally referred to as the collagen receptor, it is one of several receptors for collagen. Ligand binding to integrin alpha2beta1 triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling, including activation of p38 MAP kinase.

A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors that mediate contraction of SMOOTH MUSCLE in a variety of tissues such as ARTERIOLES; VEINS; and the UTERUS. They are usually found on postsynaptic membranes and signal through GQ-G11 G-PROTEINS.

This integrin alpha subunit combines with INTEGRIN BETA1 to form a receptor (INTEGRIN ALPHA5BETA1) that binds FIBRONECTIN and LAMININ. It undergoes posttranslational cleavage into a heavy and a light chain that are connected by disulfide bonds.

Integrin alpha1beta1 functions as a receptor for LAMININ and COLLAGEN. It is widely expressed during development, but in the adult is the predominant laminin receptor (RECEPTORS, LAMININ) in mature SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, where it is important for maintenance of the differentiated phenotype of these cells. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also found in LYMPHOCYTES and microvascular endothelial cells, and may play a role in angiogenesis. In SCHWANN CELLS and neural crest cells, it is involved in cell migration. Integrin alpha1beta1 is also known as VLA-1 and CD49a-CD29.

A subclass of alpha-adrenergic receptors found on both presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes where they signal through Gi-Go G-PROTEINS. While postsynaptic alpha-2 receptors play a traditional role in mediating the effects of ADRENERGIC AGONISTS, the subset of alpha-2 receptors found on presynaptic membranes signal the feedback inhibition of NEUROTRANSMITTER release.

A cell surface receptor mediating cell adhesion to the EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX and to other cells via binding to LAMININ. It is involved in cell migration, embryonic development, leukocyte activation and tumor cell invasiveness. Integrin alpha6beta1 is the major laminin receptor on PLATELETS; LEUKOCYTES; and many EPITHELIAL CELLS, and ligand binding may activate a number of signal transduction pathways. Alternative splicing of the cytoplasmic domain of the alpha6 subunit (INTEGRIN ALPHA6) results in the formation of A and B isoforms of the heterodimer, which are expressed in a tissue-specific manner.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

Antibodies produced by a single clone of cells.

Immunoglobulins produced in response to VIRAL ANTIGENS.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Immunoglobulins produced in a response to BACTERIAL ANTIGENS.

Proteolytic breakdown of the MITOCHONDRIA.

Neurological condition characterized by disturbances in VISUAL PERCEPTION, most often of BODY SCHEMA, TIME PERCEPTION and HALLUCINATIONS. It is associated with MIGRAINE, infections (e.g., INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS), FEVER, EPILEPSY, and other neurological and psychiatric disorders.

The segregation and degradation of damaged or unwanted cytoplasmic constituents by autophagic vacuoles (cytolysosomes) composed of LYSOSOMES containing cellular components in the process of digestion; it plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS of amphibians, in the removal of bone by osteoclasts, and in the degradation of normal cell components in nutritional deficiency states.

Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)

Time period from 1901 through 2000 of the common era.

Individual's rights to obtain and use information collected or generated by others.

A bibliographic database that includes MEDLINE as its primary subset. It is produced by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), part of the NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE. PubMed, which is searchable through NLM's Web site, also includes access to additional citations to selected life sciences journals not in MEDLINE, and links to other resources such as the full-text of articles at participating publishers' Web sites, NCBI's molecular biology databases, and PubMed Central.

An operating division of the US Department of Health and Human Services. It is concerned with the overall planning, promoting, and administering of programs pertaining to health and medical research. Until 1995, it was an agency of the United States PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE.

Detailed account or statement or formal record of data resulting from empirical inquiry.

The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.

Processes occurring in various organisms by which new genes are copied. Gene duplication may result in a MULTIGENE FAMILY; supergenes or PSEUDOGENES.

Mutant and wild type human alpha-synucleins assemble into elongated filaments with distinct morphologies in vitro. (1/1546)

alpha-Synuclein is a soluble presynaptic protein which is pathologically redistributed within intracellular lesions characteristic of several neurodegenerative diseases. Here we demonstrate that wild type and two mutant forms of alpha-synuclein linked to familial Parkinson's disease (Ala30 --> Pro and Ala53 --> Thr) self-aggregate and assemble into 10-19-nm-wide filaments with distinct morphologies under defined in vitro conditions. Immunogold labeling demonstrates that the central region of all these filaments are more robustly labeled than the N-terminal or C-terminal regions, suggesting that the latter regions are buried within the filaments. Since in vitro generated alpha-synuclein filaments resemble the major ultrastructural elements of authentic Lewy bodies that are hallmark lesions of Parkinson's disease, we propose that self-aggregating alpha-synuclein is the major subunit protein of these filamentous lesions. (+info)

Both familial Parkinson's disease mutations accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation. (2/1546)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is pathologically characterized by the presence of intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies, the major component of which are filaments consisting of alpha-synuclein. Two recently identified point mutations in alpha-synuclein are the only known genetic causes of PD, but their pathogenic mechanism is not understood. Here we show that both wild type and mutant alpha-synuclein form insoluble fibrillar aggregates with antiparallel beta-sheet structure upon incubation at physiological temperature in vitro. Importantly, aggregate formation is accelerated by both PD-linked mutations. Under the experimental conditions, the lag time for the formation of precipitable aggregates is about 280 h for the wild type protein, 180 h for the A30P mutant, and only 100 h for the A53T mutant protein. These data suggest that the formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates could be a critical step in PD pathogenesis, which is accelerated by the PD-linked mutations. (+info)

Copper(II)-induced self-oligomerization of alpha-synuclein. (3/1546)

alpha-Synuclein is a component of the abnormal protein depositions in senile plaques and Lewy bodies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease respectively. The protein was suggested to provide a possible nucleation centre for plaque formation in AD via selective interaction with amyloid beta/A4 protein (Abeta). We have shown previously that alpha-synuclein has experienced self-oligomerization when Abeta25-35 was present in an orientation-specific manner in the sequence. Here we examine this biochemically specific self-oligomerization with the use of various metals. Strikingly, copper(II) was the most effective metal ion affecting alpha-synuclein to form self-oligomers in the presence of coupling reagents such as dicyclohexylcarbodi-imide or N-(ethoxycarbonyl)-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline. The size distribution of the oligomers indicated that monomeric alpha-synuclein was oligomerized sequentially. The copper-induced oligomerization was shown to be suppressed as the acidic C-terminus of alpha-synuclein was truncated by treatment with endoproteinase Asp-N. In contrast, the Abeta25-35-induced oligomerizations of the intact and truncated forms of alpha-synuclein were not affected. This clearly indicated that the copper-induced oligomerization was dependent on the acidic C-terminal region and that its underlying biochemical mechanism was distinct from that of the Abeta25-35-induced oligomerization. Although the physiological or pathological relevance of the oligomerization remains currently elusive, the common outcome of alpha-synuclein on treatment with copper or Abeta25-35 might be useful in understanding neurodegenerative disorders in molecular terms. In addition, abnormal copper homoeostasis could be considered as one of the risk factors for the development of disorders such as AD or Parkinson's disease. (+info)

alpha-synuclein fibrillogenesis is nucleation-dependent. Implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. (4/1546)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is pathologically characterized by the presence of intracytoplasmic Lewy bodies, the major components of which are filaments consisting of alpha-synuclein. Two recently identified point mutations in alpha-synuclein are the only known genetic causes of PD. alpha-Synuclein fibrils similar to the Lewy body filaments can be formed in vitro, and we have shown recently that both PD-linked mutations accelerate their formation. This study addresses the mechanism of alpha-synuclein aggregation: we show that (i) it is a nucleation-dependent process that can be seeded by aggregated alpha-synuclein functioning as nuclei, (ii) this fibril growth follows first-order kinetics with respect to alpha-synuclein concentration, and (iii) mutant alpha-synuclein can seed the aggregation of wild type alpha-synuclein, which leads us to predict that the Lewy bodies of familial PD patients with alpha-synuclein mutations will contain both, the mutant and the wild type protein. Finally (iv), we show that wild type and mutant forms of alpha-synuclein do not differ in their critical concentrations. These results suggest that differences in aggregation kinetics of alpha-synucleins cannot be explained by differences in solubility but are due to different nucleation rates. Consequently, alpha-synuclein nucleation may be the rate-limiting step for the formation of Lewy body alpha-synuclein fibrils in Parkinson's disease. (+info)

alpha-Synuclein shares physical and functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins. (5/1546)

alpha-Synuclein has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease. Mutations in alpha-synuclein cause some cases of familial PD (Polymeropoulos et al., 1997; Kruger et al., 1998). In addition, many neurodegenerative diseases show accumulation of alpha-synuclein in dystrophic neurites and in Lewy bodies (Spillantini et al., 1998). Here, we show that alpha-synuclein shares physical and functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins, which are a family of ubiquitous cytoplasmic chaperones. Regions of alpha-synuclein and 14-3-3 proteins share over 40% homology. In addition, alpha-synuclein binds to 14-3-3 proteins, as well as some proteins known to associate with 14-3-3, including protein kinase C, BAD, and extracellular regulated kinase, but not Raf-1. We also show that overexpression of alpha-synuclein inhibits protein kinase C activity. The association of alpha-synuclein with BAD and inhibition of protein kinase C suggests that increased expression of alpha-synuclein could be harmful. Consistent with this hypothesis, we observed that overexpression of wild-type alpha-synuclein is toxic, and overexpression of alpha-synuclein containing the A53T or A30P mutations exhibits even greater toxicity. The activity and binding profile of alpha-synuclein suggests that it might act as a protein chaperone and that accumulation of alpha-synuclein could contribute to cell death in neurodegenerative diseases. (+info)

Filamentous nerve cell inclusions in neurodegenerative diseases: tauopathies and alpha-synucleinopathies. (6/1546)

Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease are the most common neurodegenerative diseases. They are characterized by the degeneration of selected populations of nerve cells that develop filamentous inclusions before degeneration. The neuronal inclusions of Alzheimer's disease are made of the microtubule-associated protein tau, in a hyperphosphorylated state. Recent work has shown that the filamentous inclusions of Parkinson's disease are made of the protein alpha-synuclein and that rare, familial forms of Parkinson's disease are caused by missense mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene. Besides Parkinson's disease, the filamentous inclusions of two additional neurodegenerative diseases, namely dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy, have also been found to be made of alpha-synuclein. Abundant filamentous tau inclusions are not limited to Alzheimer's disease. They are the defining neuropathological characteristic of frontotemporal dementias such as Pick's disease, and of progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. The recent discovery of mutations in the tau gene in familial forms of frontotemporal dementia has provided a direct link between tau dysfunction and dementing disease. The new work has established that tauopathies and alpha-synucleinopathies account for most late-onset neurodegenerative diseases in man. The formation of intracellular filamentous inclusions might be the gain of toxic function that leads to the demise of affected brain cells. (+info)

alpha-synuclein binds to Tau and stimulates the protein kinase A-catalyzed tau phosphorylation of serine residues 262 and 356. (7/1546)

alpha-Synuclein has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders based on the direct linking of missense mutations in alpha-synuclein to autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease and its presence in Lewy-like lesions. To gain insight into alpha-synuclein functions, we have investigated whether it binds neuronal proteins and modulates their functional state. The microtubule-associated protein tau was identified as a ligand by alpha-synuclein affinity chromatography of human brain cytosol. Direct binding assays using (125)I-labeled human tau40 demonstrated a reversible binding with a IC(50) about 50 pM. The interacting domains were localized to the C terminus of alpha-synuclein and the microtubule binding region of tau as determined by protein fragmentation and the use of recombinant peptides. High concentrations of tubulin inhibited the binding between tau and alpha-synuclein. Functionally, alpha-synuclein stimulated the protein kinase A-catalyzed phosphorylation of tau serine residues 262 and 356 as determined using a phospho-epitope-specific antibody. We propose that alpha-synuclein modulates the phosphorylation of soluble axonal tau and thereby indirectly affects the stability of axonal microtubules. (+info)

The genetics of disorders with synuclein pathology and parkinsonism. (8/1546)

Despite being considered the archetypal non-genetic neurological disorder, genetic analysis of Parkinson's disease has shown that there are at least three genetic loci. Furthermore, these analyses have suggested that the phenotype of the pathogenic loci is wider than simple Parkinson's disease and may include Lewy body dementia and some forms of essential tremor. Identification of alpha-synuclein as the first of the loci involved in Parkinson's disease and the identification of this protein in pathological deposits in other disorders has led to the suggestion that it may share pathogenic mechanisms with multiple system atrophy, Alzheimer's disease and prion disease and that these mechanisms are related to a synuclein pathway to cell death. Finally, genetic analysis of the synuclein diseases and the tau diseases may indicate that this synuclein pathway is an alternative to the tau pathway to cell death. (+info)

Alpha-synuclein is the primary structural component of Lewy body fibrils. In addition, an alpha-synuclein fragment, known as ... Transglutaminase substrates: Amyloid-beta, tau, alpha-synuclein and huntingtin have been proved to be substrates of ... alpha-synuclein: can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions characterized by Lewy bodies, such as ... Alpha-synuclein can damage membranes by inducing membrane curvature,[12] and cause extensive tubulation and vesiculation when ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegenerative

Spillantini MG, Schmidt ML, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Jakes R, Goedert M (August 1997). "Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies". Nature ... alpha-synuclein was discovered to be the major component of Lewy bodies within brain cells of PD patients; according to the ... alpha-synuclein. Lazzarini worked with the Italian Instituto de Scienze Neurologiche to get blood samples from the family ... that fragments of alpha-synuclein bind to other proteins to form the Lewy body, an insoluble proteinaceous material ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alice_Lazzarini

The NIH team and a team led by Maria Grazia Spillantini reported on alpha-synuclein deposits in Lewy bodies as well as alpha- ... Spillantini MG, Schmidt ML, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Jakes R, Goedert M (1997). "Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies". Nature. 388 ( ... Mezey E, Dehejia A, Harta G, Papp MI, Polymeropoulos MH, Brownstein MJ (1998). "Alpha synuclein in neurodegenerative disorders ... 1997). "Mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease". Science. 276 (5321): 2045-7. doi ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contursi_Terme

... alpha-synuclein. Within days of the publication of the PARK1 findings, alpha-synuclein was discovered to be the major component ... Spillantini MG, Schmidt ML, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ, Jakes R, Goedert M (August 1997). "Alpha-synuclein in Lewy bodies". Nature ... Schulz-Schaeffer WJ (August 2010). "The synaptic pathology of alpha-synuclein aggregation in dementia with Lewy bodies, ... "Mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene identified in families with Parkinson's disease". Science. 276 (5321): 2045-7. doi:10.1126 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Parkinson's_disease

A modified form of the alpha-synuclein protein within affected neurons may cause MSA. About 55% of MSA cases occur in men, with ... Arima K, Uéda K, Sunohara N, Arakawa K, Hirai S, Nakamura M, Tonozuka-Uehara H, Kawai M (November 1998). "NACP/alpha-synuclein ... A post-translationally modified form of the protein called alpha-synuclein may be a causal agent for the disease. probably ... The major filamentous component of Papp-Lantos bodies, glial and neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions, is alpha-synuclein. Mutations ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_system_atrophy

Preclinical research also targets alpha-synuclein. Selegiline is in a group of medications called monoamine oxidase type B (MAO ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_of_Parkinson's_disease

Moussaud S, Jones DR, Moussaud-Lamodière EL, Delenclos M, Ross OA, McLean PJ (October 2014). "Alpha-synuclein and tau: ... Tauopathies are often overlapped with synucleinopathies, possibly due to interaction between the synuclein and tau proteins. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tauopathy

Alpha-synuclein modulates DNA repair processes, including the repair of DNA double-strand breaks by the non-homologous end ... Alpha-synuclein deposits can affect the cardiac muscle and blood vessels. Almost all people with synucleinopathies have ... The DNA repair function of alpha-synuclein appears to be compromised in Lewy body inclusion bearing neurons, and this may ... October 2014). "Alpha-synuclein and tau: teammates in neurodegeneration?". Mol Neurodegener. 9: 43. doi:10.1186/1750-1326-9-43 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synucleinopathy

Kawahara K, Hashimoto M, Bar-On P, Ho GJ, Crews L, Mizuno H, Rockenstein E, Imam SZ, Masliah E (March 2008). "alpha-Synuclein ... Parkin might promote aggregation of alpha-synuclein and synphilin-1 into Lewy bodies, which are conjugated to Lys63-linked poly ... Another parkin substrate, synphilin-1 (encoded by SNCAIP), is an alpha-synuclein interacting protein that is enriched in the ... Parkin (ligase) has been shown to interact with: Alpha-synuclein, CASK, CUL1, FBXW7 and GPR37, HSPA1A, HSPA8, Multisynthetase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkin_(ligase)

Alpha-synuclein is the primary structural component of Lewy body fibrils. In addition, an alpha-synuclein fragment, known as ... it is alpha-synuclein. In Huntington's disease, it is huntingtin. Transglutaminase substrates: Amyloid-beta, tau, alpha- ... Membrane damage by alpha-synuclein could be another Parkinson's disease mechanism. The main known risk factor is age. Mutations ... Notably, alpha-synuclein-ubiquitin complexes and aggregates are observed to accumulate in Lewy bodies within affected neurons. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurodegeneration

... stands for "synuclein, alpha interacting protein" and can be signified by SNCAP_HUMAN, synphilin 1, synuclein, alpha ... "Entrez Gene: SNCAIP synuclein, alpha interacting protein (synphilin)". Neystat M, Rzhetskaya M, Kholodilov N, Burke RE (June ... Tanaka M, Kim YM, Lee G, Junn E, Iwatsubo T, Mouradian MM (2004). "Aggresomes formed by alpha-synuclein and synphilin-1 are ... The encoded protein interacts with alpha-synuclein in neuronal tissue and may play a role in the formation of cytoplasmic ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCAIP

Lee FJ, Liu F, Pristupa ZB, Niznik HB (April 2001). "Direct binding and functional coupling of alpha-synuclein to the dopamine ... Dopamine transporter has been shown to interact with: Alpha-synuclein, PICK1, and TGFB1I1. Apart from these innate protein- ... Wersinger C, Sidhu A (April 2003). "Attenuation of dopamine transporter activity by alpha-synuclein". Neuroscience Letters. 340 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dopamine_transporter

"Glycosylation as an Inhibitor of Alpha-synuclein Aggregation". The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research , ... As O-GlcNAc modification of α-synuclein has been found to inhibit its aggregation, elevating α-synuclein O-GlcNAc is being ... Solid-phase peptide synthesis was used to prepare full-length α-synuclein with an O-GlcNAc modification at T72. Thioflavin T ... For example, a nanobody recognizing a C-terminal EPEA sequence can direct OGT enzymatic activity to α-synuclein. Apoptosis, a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O-GlcNAc

Chandra S, Gallardo G, Fernández-Chacón R, Schlüter OM, Südhof TC (November 2005). "Alpha-synuclein cooperates with CSPalpha in ... 2005). "Characterization of the G alpha(s) regulator cysteine string protein". J. Biol. Chem. 280 (34): 30236-41. doi:10.1074/ ... "The synaptic vesicle protein CSP alpha prevents presynaptic degeneration". Neuron. 42 (2): 237-51. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(04) ... encoding cysteine-string protein alpha, cause autosomal-dominant adult-onset neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis". American Journal ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNAJC5

"Constitutive phosphorylation of the Parkinson's disease associated alpha-synuclein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 275 ( ... Pronin AN, Morris AJ, Surguchov A, Benovic JL (Aug 2000). "Synucleins are a novel class of substrates for G protein-coupled ... Zhou H, Yan F, Tai HH (Sep 2001). "Phosphorylation and desensitization of the human thromboxane receptor-alpha by G protein- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRK5

December 2017). "Human Astrocytes Transfer Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein via Tunneling Nanotubes". The Journal of Neuroscience. 37 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrocyte

... the primary structural component of which is alpha-synuclein. Cortical Lewy bodies are also composed of alpha-synuclein fibrils ... "Alpha-synuclein is a DNA binding protein that modulates DNA repair with implications for Lewy body disorders". Sci Rep. 2019 ... Alpha-synuclein modulates DNA repair processes, including repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by the process of non- ... Ishizawa T, Mattila P, Davies P, Wang D, Dickson DW (April 2003). "Colocalization of tau and alpha-synuclein epitopes in Lewy ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewy_body

... and Lewy bodies and neurites were found to be immunoreactive for alpha-synuclein. Thus, alpha-synuclein aggregation as the ... and reducing amyloid beta or alpha-synuclein accumulation. Therapies under study as of 2019 aim to reduce brain levels of alpha ... The role of alpha-synuclein deposits is unclear, because individuals with no signs of DLB have been found on autopsy to have ... Rarely, mutations in SNCA, the gene for alpha-synuclein, or LRRK2, a gene for a kinase enzyme, can cause any of DLB, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dementia_with_Lewy_bodies

The Road to Alpha-Synuclein Oligomerization in PD". Parkinson's Disease. 2011: 693761. doi:10.4061/2011/693761. PMC 3026982. ... Mutations of synuclein alleles lead to lysosome pH increase and hydrolase inhibition. As a result, lysosomes degradative ... Parkinson's disease is characterized by inclusions of a protein called alpha-synuclien (Lewy bodies) in affected neurons that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy

... overexpression in human neuroglioma cells transfected with mutant alpha-synuclein led to 50% less oligomeric alpha- ... April 2008). "Formation of toxic oligomeric alpha-synuclein species in living cells". PLOS ONE. 3 (4): e1867. Bibcode:2008PLoSO ... In breast cancer cell line (MCF7) has been found that not only Hsp90 interacted with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) but also ... C-terminal domain - rich in alpha helical structure acts as a 'lid' for the substrate binding domain. The helical subdomain ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsp70

"Comparison of kindreds with parkinsonism and alpha-synuclein genomic multiplications". Ann Neurol. 55 (2): 174-9. doi:10.1002/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Langston

It inhibits PTK2B/RAFTK activity and regulates alpha-synuclein phosphorylation. It interacts with Signal-regulatory protein ... and characterization of a novel Pyk2/related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase-associated protein that inhibits alpha-synuclein ... RA receptor alpha in acute promyelocytic leukemia cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (25): 22375-81. doi:10.1074/ ... alpha and directs integrin-activated cytoskeletal reorganization in macrophages. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000005020 - ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SKAP2

Junn E, Lee KW, Jeong BS, Chan TW, Im JY, Mouradian MM (August 2009). "Repression of alpha-synuclein expression and toxicity by ... Doxakis E (April 2010). "Post-transcriptional regulation of alpha-synuclein expression by mir-7 and mir-153". The Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mir-7_microRNA_precursor

Esteves, AR; Arduíno, DM; Silva, DF; Oliveira, CR; Cardoso, SM (2011). "Mitochondrial Dysfunction: The Road to Alpha-Synuclein ... Additionally, in the microenvironment of cancer cells, there is an increase in hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1-alpha ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitophagy

Chen, M.; Margittai, M.; Chen, J.; Langen, R. (2007). "Investigation of alpha-Synuclein Fibril Structure by Site-directed Spin ... to understand the structure of amyloid fibrils and the structure of membrane bound Parkinson's disease protein alpha-synuclein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site-directed_spin_labeling

DNA damages caused by oxidative stress can be repaired by processes modulated by alpha-synuclein. Alpha synuclein is expressed ... Alpha-synuclein is a DNA binding protein that modulates DNA repair with implications for Lewy body disorders. Sci Rep. 2019 Jul ... For one, dopaminergic neurons show abnormalities in mitochondrial complex 1, causing aggregation of alpha-synuclein; this can ... "Parkin cleaves intracellular alpha-synuclein inclusions via the activation of calpain". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substantia_nigra

In addition, alpha-synuclein activates the non-homologous end joining DNA repair pathway. The aggregation of alpha-synuclein in ... alpha-synuclein, is the main component of the Lewy bodies that accumulate in the brains of people with PD. Alpha-synuclein ... alpha-synuclein becomes misfolded and clump together with other alpha-synuclein. Cells are unable to remove these clumps and ... In 1997, alpha-synuclein was found to be the main component of Lewy bodies by Spillantini, Trojanowski, Goedert and others. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson's_disease

Olanow CW, Brundin P (January 2013). "Parkinson's disease and alpha synuclein: is Parkinson's disease a prion-like disorder?". ... was hypothesized to be caused by a prion form of alpha-synuclein. Prions form abnormal aggregates of proteins called amyloids, ... the misfolded form of a protein called alpha-synuclein. The endogenous, properly folded form of the prion protein is denoted ... Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: The prion concept in relation to assembled Aβ, tau, and α-synuclein". Science. 349 (6248 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion

Singleton AB (August 2005). "Altered alpha-synuclein homeostasis causing Parkinson's disease: the potential roles of dardarin ... "Disrupted autophagy leads to dopaminergic axon and dendrite degeneration and promotes presynaptic accumulation of α-synuclein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LRRK2

Vallenius T، Luukko K، Mäkelä TP (2000). "CLP-36 PDZ-LIM protein associates with nonmuscle alpha-actinin-1 and alpha-actinin-4 ... binds to alpha-actinin-1 and associates with actin filaments and stress fibers in activated platelets and endothelial cells.". ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/PDLIM1

Sharma N, Brandis KA, Herrera SK, Johnson BE, Vaidya T, Shrestha R, Debburman SK (2006). "alpha-Synuclein budding yeast model: ... These β interactions are mediated mainly by salt bridges and hydrophobic interactions between conserved alpha helices whose ... α-synuclein, the major protein component of Lewy bodies, under conditions of low proteasome activity.[97] Impaired proteasomal ... which serve as docking domains for the regulatory particles and the alpha subunits N-termini (Pfam PF10584) form a gate that ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteasome

Esteves, AR; Arduíno, DM; Silva, DF; Oliveira, CR; Cardoso, SM (2011). "Mitochondrial Dysfunction: The Road to Alpha-Synuclein ... Parkinson's disease is characterized by inclusions of a protein called alpha-synuclien (Lewy bodies) in affected neurons that ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autophagy_

... the primary structural component of which is alpha-synuclein. Cortical Lewy bodies are also composed of alpha-synuclein fibrils ... A Lewy body is composed of the protein alpha-synuclein associated with other proteins, such as ubiquitin,[10] neurofilament ... Top panels show a 60-times magnification of the alpha-synuclein intraneuronal inclusions aggregated to form Lewy bodies. The ... Popescu A, Lippa CF, Lee VM, Trojanowski JQ (December 2004). "Lewy bodies in the amygdala: increase of alpha-synuclein ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewy_bodies

In an alpha-synuclein overexpressing Drosophila model of PD, vorinostat (as well as sodium butyrate) reduced alpha-synuclein- ... Hallmarks include mutations to the alpha-synuclein gene, SNCA, as well as PARK2, PINK1, UCHL1, DJ1, and LRRK2 genes, and ... alpha-synuclein, the protein encoded by SNCA, can associate with histones and prevent their acetylation in concert with the ... In an inducible rat model of PD, valproic acid had a neuroprotective effect by preventing translocation of alpha-synuclein into ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigenetics_of_neurodegenerative_diseases

2002). "alpha-Synuclein protects against oxidative stress via inactivation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase stress-signaling ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAPK8IP1

Preclinical research also targets alpha-synuclein.[129] A vaccine that primes the human immune system to destroy alpha- ... SNCA gene mutations are important in PD because the protein which this gene encodes, alpha-synuclein, is the main component of ... Scientists sometimes refer to Parkinson's disease as a synucleinopathy (due to an abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein ... alpha-synuclein was found to be the main component of Lewy bodies by Spillantini, Trojanowski, Goedert and others.[57] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/?title=Parkinson's_disease

... "alpha-synuclein binds to Tau and stimulates the protein kinase A-catalyzed tau phosphorylation of serine residues 262 and 356" ...

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_tau

Dubois T، Zemlickova E، Howell S، Aitken A (February 2003). "Centaurin-alpha 1 associates in vitro and in vivo with nucleolin ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/SUB1

Ciosk R، Shirayama M، Shevchenko A، Tanaka T، Toth A، Shevchenko A، Nasmyth K (2000). "Cohesin's binding to chromosomes depends on a separate complex consisting of Scc2 and Scc4 proteins". Molecular Cell. 5 (2): 243-54. PMID 10882066. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80420-7. .mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIPBL

... is activated by PGC1-alpha and promotes reduction of htt aggregation and neurotoxicity in a mouse model of Huntington ... "TFEB-mediated autophagy rescues midbrain dopamine neurons from α-synuclein toxicity". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110 (19): 1817- ... clinicopathologic features and demonstration of the specific alpha-TFEB gene fusion by immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and DNA ... "Cloning of an Alpha-TFEB fusion in renal tumors harboring the t(6;11)(p21;q13) chromosome translocation". Proceedings of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TFEB

Suh YH; Checler F (September 2002). "Amyloid precursor protein, presenilins, and alpha-synuclein: molecular pathogenesis and ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senile_plaque

Alpha-2-Macroglobulin. *Alpha-synuclein. *Amylin. *Aquaporin 1. *Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase. *Atrophin 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ideogram_house_mouse_chromosome_6.svg

Synuclein. *Alpha-synuclein. *Beta-synuclein. *Gamma-synuclein. Other. *Agrin. *Chimerin. *Granin *Chromogranin A ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAP-43

"Microtubule-associated protein 1B is a component of cortical Lewy bodies and binds alpha-synuclein filaments". J. Biol. Chem. ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAP1B

The Epstein-Barr virus has been implicated in disorders related to alpha-synuclein aggregation (e.g. Parkinson's disease, ... "Monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus cross-react with alpha-synuclein in human brain". Neurology. 55 (9): 1398-401 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epstein-Barr

alpha-actinin binding. • cation channel activity. • identical protein binding. • sour taste receptor activity. ... muscle alpha-actinin binding. • calcium channel activity. • cation transmembrane transporter activity. • calcium-activated ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/PKD2L1

... mainly when they are characterized by abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein, such as multiple system atrophy (MSA), ... The brain transitions from alpha waves having a frequency of 8-13 Hz (common in the awake state) to theta waves having a ... The onset of sleep involves slowing down of this frequency to the drowsiness of alpha (8-12 Hz) and finally to theta (4-10 Hz) ... the alpha waves of the previous stage are interrupted by abrupt activity called sleep spindles (or thalamocortical spindles) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroscience_of_sleep

NGF is initially in a 7S, 130-kDa complex of 3 proteins - Alpha-NGF, Beta-NGF, and Gamma-NGF (2:1:2 ratio) when expressed. This ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nerve_growth_factor

... two dementias characterized by abnormal deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein in the brain.[2][3][4] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewy_Body_Dementia

Nagase T، Seki N، Ishikawa K، وآخرون. (1997). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VI. The coding sequences of 80 new genes (KIAA0201-KIAA0280) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from cell line KG-1 and brain". DNA Res. 3 (5): 321-9, 341-54. PMID 9039502. doi:10.1093/dnares/3.5.321. ...

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/PHF3

目前還無法確定路易氏體失智症的確切原因[7]，不過和神經中α-突觸核蛋白（英语：Alpha-synuclein）異常團塊的

https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/路易氏體失智症

Ostrerova N, Petrucelli L, Farrer M, Mehta N, Choi P, Hardy J, Wolozin B (1999). "alpha-Synuclein shares physical and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YWHAE

... alpha-synuclein in Parkinson's disease, and TDP-43 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal degeneration. He ... "Biology of Synuclein and Cortical Lewy Bodies Associated with Dementia in AD, LBD, and PD" (July, 2001) and "Genetics of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Q._Trojanowski

"Endonuclease G interacts with histone H2B and DNA topoisomerase II alpha during apoptosis". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry ... "Endonuclease G mediates α-synuclein cytotoxicity during Parkinson's disease". The EMBO Journal. 32 (23): 3041-54. doi:10.1038/ ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ENDOG

Therefore, NACP is now referred to as human alpha-synuclein. Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein of unknown function ... which contain rich cytosolic alpha-synuclein but very low levels of mitochondrial alpha-synuclein. It has been shown that alpha ... Alpha-synuclein is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SNCA gene. Alpha-synuclein is a neuronal protein that regulates ... The human alpha-synuclein protein is made of 140 amino acids. An alpha-synuclein fragment, known as the non-Abeta component ( ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-synuclein

How alpha-Synuclein causes Parkinsons-Associated Neural Damage How alpha-Synuclein causes Parkinsons-Associated Neural Damage ... In Parkinsons disease, alpha-synuclein aggregates released from neurons activate immune cells known as microglia, leading to ... New research, funded in part by NIEHS, has revealed key insights into how alpha-synuclein aggregates cause damage to neurons in ... They also studied why microglia migrate toward injured neurons and tend to accumulate with alpha-synuclein aggregates in the ...

https://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/supported/sep/2015/alpha_synuclein/index.cfm

"Cellular milieu imparts distinct pathological {alpha}-synuclein strains in {alpha}-synucleinopathies," by Chao Peng, Ronald J. ... A. "[alpha]-synuclein interacts with PrPC to induce cognitive impairment through mGluR5 and NMDAR2B," by Diana G Ferreira, ... C. "{alpha}-Synuclein binds and sequesters PIKE-L into Lewy bodies, triggering dopaminergic cell death via AMPK hyperactivation ... "alpha}-Synuclein promotes dilation of the exocytotic fusion pore," by Todd Logan, Jacob Bendor, Chantal Toupin, Kurt Thorn & ...

https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/cdha/cinfo/?tag=alpha-synuclein

The behavior of alpha-synuclein in neurons.. Fortin DL1, Nemani VM, Nakamura K, Edwards RH. ... alpha-Synuclein localizes to the nerve terminal, but biochemical experiments have not revealed a tight association with ... To address the dynamics of the protein in live cells, we have used photobleaching and found that alpha-synuclein exhibits high ... In addition to the presumed role of alpha-synuclein dynamics in synaptic function, changes in its physiological behavior may ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20187244

Dominantly inherited mutations in alpha-synuclein cause Parkinsons disease, but the physiological role of alpha-synuclein ... Alpha-synuclein and cysteine-string protein-alpha (CSPalpha) are abundant synaptic vesicle proteins independently linked to ... transgenic alpha-synuclein ameliorates this inhibition. In preventing neurodegeneration in CSPalpha-deficient mice, alpha- ... Alpha-synuclein cooperates with CSPalpha in preventing neurodegeneration.. Chandra S1, Gallardo G, Fernández-Chacón R, Schlüter ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16269331?itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum&ordinalpos=1

MJFF launched the Ken Griffin Alpha-Synuclein Image Competition to spur a scientific race in pursuit of an alpha-synuclein ... Fox Foundation has long supported the pursuit of an alpha-synuclein PET tracer - in addition to funding alpha-synuclein ... In vivo imaging of alpha-synuclein pathology could be useful as a biomarker for the presence of disease and disease progression ... In 2011, with little activity in the field, MJFF established a public-private Alpha-synuclein Imaging Consortium to begin work ...

https://www.michaeljfox.org/news/alpha-synuclein-imaging-prize

... by modulation of glial function following activation by soluble or insoluble modified alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), a chief ... Nitrated alpha-synuclein-activated microglial profiling for Parkinsons disease.. Reynolds AD1, Glanzer JG, Kadiu I, Ricardo- ... alpha-Syn is nitrated during oxidative stress responses and in its aggregated form, induces inflammatory microglial functions. ... To this end, PD-associated inflammation was modeled by stimulation of microglia with aggregated and nitrated alpha-syn. These ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18036154

The rationale for this project is that a therapeutic antibody against alpha-synuclein will be able to block its harmful effects ... Project Description: Antibodies binding to alpha-synuclein have been selected in cell models. One of them has shown positive ... By antibody engineering we will learn about the importance of the strength of antibody binding to alpha-synuclein, and ... Relevance to Diagnosis/Treatment of Parkinsons Disease: Immunotherapy targeting alpha-synuclein is a new way of treating PD. ...

https://www.michaeljfox.org/grant/immunotherapy-alpha-synuclein-specific-antibody

Rabbit polyclonal Alpha-synuclein antibody validated for ICC/IF and tested in Human and Rat. Referenced in 4 publications. ... Hallmark lesions of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies contain alpha-synuclein that is modified by nitration of tyrosine ... Synthetic peptide corresponding to Human Alpha-synuclein aa 111-131 (C terminal).. Sequence: GILEDMPVDPDNEAYEMPSEE ... A 6.4 Mb duplication of the a-synuclein locus causing frontotemporal dementia and Parkinsonism: phenotype-genotype correlations ...

http://www.abcam.com/alpha-synuclein-antibody-ab15530.html

Chicken polyclonal Alpha-synuclein antibody. Validated in WB, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Mouse, Rat, Horse, Chicken, Cow, Human ... Protein - Recombinant Human Alpha-synuclein protein aggregate (Active) (ab218819) WB, Functional Studies, SDS-PAGE ... Anti-Alpha-synuclein antibody (ab190376) at 1/2000 dilution + Rat brain crude extract. Predicted band size: 14 kDa. ... Ab190376 staining alpha-synuclein in rat cerebellum tissue sections at 1/3000 dilution (red) and co-stained with rabbit ...

https://www.abcam.com/alpha-synuclein-antibody-ab190376.html

GUEST BLOG: Alpha-synuclein - then and now, with Dr. Alice Lazzarini. This week, A Closer Look has a treat - a special guest ... APDA Parkinsons Research Alpha-synuclein - then and now, with Dr. Alice Lazzarini. ... APDA was a key funding partner in the 1996 study that identified alpha-synuclein as a major genetic contributor to PD, as well ... To support your local Alpha-synuclein - then and now, with Dr. Alice Lazzarini chapter, please click the button below:. DONATE ...

https://www.apdaparkinson.org/article/new-therapeutic-target-parkinsons-disease/

Total alpha-synuclein concentration in CSF and oligomeric/total alpha-synuclein ratio in CSF [ Time Frame: Day 0 ]. *Oligomeric ... The oligomeric alpha-synuclein seems to be particularly involved in abnormal protein aggregation in alpha-synucleinopathies. ... and total alpha-synuclein concentration in plasma and oligomeric/total alpha-synuclein ratio in plasma [ Time Frame: Day 0 ]. ... Oligomeric Alpha-synuclein in Multiple System Atrophy (BIOAMS). The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ...

https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01485549?cond=%22Multiple+system+atrophy%22&rank=8

A major component of these inclusions is phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (,i,α,/i,-SYN) protein. There is evidence that ,i,α,/i ... A major component of these inclusions is phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) protein. There is evidence that α-SYN pathology ... K. M. Shannon, A. Keshavarzian, H. B. Dodiya, S. Jakate, and J. H. Kordower, "Is alpha-synuclein in the colon a biomarker for ... M. G. Cersosimo, C. Perandones, F. E. Micheli et al., "Alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity in minor salivary gland biopsies of ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/grp/2015/476041/

To comply with the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Access Policy, a PubMed Central reference number (PMCID) is required in NIH grant applications, proposals, and progress reports for any paper "authored by you or [arising] from your NIH funds (even if you are not an author)" (see http://publicaccess.nih.gov/FAQ.htm#c8).. One way to find the PMCID number is to use PubMed Centrals PMID: PMCID Converter available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/pmctopmid. If you already have the PMID from a PubMed search (it may appear as the Accession Number in your EndNote library), the above converter will provide you with the corresponding PMCID to include in your grant. If you do not have the PMID number, you can look up a PMCID in PubMed. It will be listed in the lower right corner of the AbstractPlus view. A PMCID number will be assigned as soon as an article has successfully been submitted to PMC (see http://publicaccess.nih.gov/FAQ.htm#c9). If you have questions about the NIH Public Access ...

http://www.scripps.edu/newsandviews/e_20090323/updates.html

Alpha-synucleinUniRule annotation. ,p>Information which has been generated by the UniProtKB automatic annotation system, ... tr,A0A2I3N0Z9,A0A2I3N0Z9_PAPAN Alpha-synuclein OS=Papio anubis OX=9555 GN=SNCA PE=3 SV=1 ... Belongs to the synuclein family.UniRule annotation. Automatic assertion according to rulesi ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A2I3N0Z9

2009) Seeding induced by alpha-synuclein oligomers provides evidence for spreading of alpha-synuclein pathology. J Neurochem ... Templated seeding of alpha-synuclein aggregation. Marija Iljina, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Mathew H. Horrocks, Laura Tosatto, Minee L. ... Templated seeding of alpha-synuclein aggregation. Marija Iljina, Gonzalo A. Garcia, Mathew H. Horrocks, Laura Tosatto, Minee L. ... 2008) alpha-Synuclein gene duplication is present in sporadic Parkinson disease. Neurology 70(1):43-49. ...

http://www.pnas.org/content/113/9/E1206.full

Blood Plasma of Patients with Parkinsons Disease Increases Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation and Neurotoxicity. Peng Wang,1,2 Xin Li ... This has been attributed to the spread of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregates, which involves release of α-syn from a neuron and its ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/pd/2016/7596482/abs/

2002) Neuronal alpha-synucleinopathy with severe movement disorder in mice expressing A53T human alpha-synuclein. Neuron 34:521 ... 2003) Alpha-synuclein pathology affecting Bergmann glia of the cerebellum in patients with alpha-synucleinopathies. Acta ... Mutant Alpha-Synuclein Causes Age-Dependent Neuropathology in Monkey Brain. Weili Yang, Guohao Wang, Chuan-En Wang, Xiangyu Guo ... Mutant Alpha-Synuclein Causes Age-Dependent Neuropathology in Monkey Brain. Weili Yang, Guohao Wang, Chuan-En Wang, Xiangyu Guo ...

http://www.jneurosci.org/content/35/21/8345

Alpha-Synuclein Detection. Synuclein family members (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synuclein) are expressed at high levels in adult ... Alpha-synuclein (C‑terminus). 18671A, B. IHC. WB. Human. (S122). Rabbit IgG. Cross‑reacts with mouse and rat alpha-synuclein. ... ELISAs for Alpha-Synuclein Detection. The human alpha-synuclein assay kit (Cat. # 27740A) is a solid-phase sandwich ELISA using ... Antibodies for Alpha-Synuclein Detection. Anti-human alpha-synuclein antibody (Cat. # 18671A, B) is an affinity-purified IgG ...

http://www.clontech.com/US/Products/Cell_Biology_and_Epigenetics/Brain_and_CNS/Alpha-Synuclein?sitex=10020:22372:US&PEBCL1=7l5uwvG92P7mvnVVdfRJ5R3C3C&PEBCL1_pses=ZGE118626BB0E9861AA82736AC8AEF11AD56B05A5E18CCD6B4F2964846C4D03CBA7757FC0FA1326F25330AC51CAA304C3DDED0D21C7C0DBF1A

Targeting alpha-synuclein in the gut may slow down Parkinsons disease. Aggregates of the protein alpha-synuclein arising in ... is caused by the buildup of alpha-synuclein proteins in the brain. The biological function of alpha-synuclein is still not ... ... Research by University at Buffalo biologists is providing new insights into alpha-synuclein, a small acidic protein associated ... are associated with the accumulation of alpha-synuclein proteins in the brain. Researchers at the German Center for ...

https://medicalxpress.com/tags/alpha+synuclein/

Invitrogen Anti-alpha Synuclein Recombinant Polyclonal (14HCLC), Catalog # 710110. Tested in Western Blot (WB), ... Mutation of the alpha-synuclein gene is associated with familial forms of PD. Alpha-Synuclein is known to reduce the ... Alpha-Synuclein is involved in the formation of SNARE complexes, and most significantly, aggregated alpha-synuclein is one of ... Alpha-Synuclein belongs to the Synuclein family, which includes beta and gamma Synuclein, and is predominantly expressed in ...

https://www.thermofisher.com/antibody/product/alpha-Synuclein-Antibody-Recombinant-Polyclonal/710110

Member of the synuclein family of soluble proteins (alpha-synuclein, beta-synuclein and gamma-synuclein) that are commonly ... Alpha-synuclein. Author: Meenakshi Vij Gupta, M.D. (see Authors page). Revised: 23 May 2016, last major update May 2016. ... Both the sporadic and the familial form of Alzheimer disease also demonstrate alpha-synuclein protein * In recent years, ... several studies have shown that alpha-synuclein aggregation can also be detected outside the central nervous system, ...

http://pathologyoutlines.com/topic/stainsalphasynuclein.html

Data from 304 PD patients followed for up to eight years indicate that patients with higher cerebrospinal fluid alpha-synuclein ... although no associations were found between alpha-synuclein levels and motor changes. The results are published in the American ... "The finding that alpha-synuclein levels decrease as PD progresses, yet those with higher alpha-synuclein levels experience ... Although several large studies have shown that alpha-synuclein levels are lower in the CSF of PD patients and those with ...

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-03/ehs-hlo031114.php

In Parkinsons disease, this process involves the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) into intraneuronal inclusions. Thus, ... "High-Throughput Screening Methodology to Identify Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Inhibitors." Int. J. Mol. Sci. 18, no. 3: 478. ... In Parkinsons disease, this process involves the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) into intraneuronal inclusions. Thus, ... High-Throughput Screening Methodology to Identify Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Inhibitors. Jordi Pujols 1. ...

http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/18/3/478

Aggregation of alpha-synuclein protein in human blood plasma/serum. See Bachelor projects. Aggregation of alpha-synuclein ... coacervatenDetection and quantification of alpha-synuclein aggregates in human blood plasma/serumAggregation of alpha-synuclein ... Aggregation of alpha-synuclein protein in human blood plasma/serum BACHELOR project and MASTER project (published Januari 2019) ... of the protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn), which suggests that aSyn plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. In addition ...

https://www.utwente.nl/en/tnw/nbp/student-projects/bachelor/Aggregation%20of%20alpha-synuclein%20protein%20in%20human%20blood%20plasma-serum/

Rabbit Polyclonal Anti-alpha-Synuclein Antibody. Validated: WB, ICC/IF, IHC, IHC-Fr, IHC-P. Tested Reactivity: Human, Mouse, ... Alpha-synuclein is a member of the synuclein family, which also includes beta- and gamma-synuclein. Synucleins are abundantly ... alpha-Synuclein Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Frozen sectioned E13.5 Rat brain. Green: alpha Synuclein protein stained by alpha ... FAQs for alpha-Synuclein Antibody (NBP2-15365). (Showing 1 - 1 of 1 FAQs).. * Im looking for an alpha-Synuclein antibody with ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/alpha-synuclein-antibody_nbp2-15365

Anti-α-Synuclein, 80-96: 2.0 - 10.0 µg/ml. Anti-α-Synuclein (C-Terminal Truncated x-122): 2.0 - 10.0 µg/ml. Anti-α-Synuclein ... Lane 1: 50 ng of recombinant human α-synuclein; Lane 2: 50 ng of recombinant human pS87 α-synuclein; Lane 3: 25 µg of normal ... Lane 1: 50 ng of recombinant human α-synuclein; Lane 2: 50 ng of recombinant C-terminally truncated human α-synuclein (1-122). ... IHC staining of α-synuclein deposits with purified anti-α-Synuclein, C-Terminal Truncated antibody (clone A15127A) on formalin- ...

https://www.biolegend.com/de-at/products/alpha-synuclein-antibody-sampler-kit-15846

Anti alpha synuclein Hi people, I purchased an anti- alpha synuclein antibody and I want to try it but I would like to use some ... Home/ Forums/ Antibody Based Technologies: Monoclonal & Polyclonal Antibodies/ Anti alpha synuclein. Anti alpha synuclein. 3 ... What do you recommend me? Do undifferentiated pc12 cells express alpha synuclein? What other cells could I use?. Thank you! ... We carry postive controls for alpha synuclein antibodies please shoot me a PM if your interested in touch. ...

http://scientistsolutions.com/comment/76109

T cells may be tricked into thinking dopamine neurons are foreign due to the build up of damaged alpha-synuclein, a new study ... Researchers detail the complex interaction between alpha synuclein and the prion protein PrPc.... Read More... ... The drug, nortiptyline, has been shown to stop the growth of alpha synuclein.... Read More... ... The Nature study reports four genetic variations are associated with T cell reactivity to alpha synuclein. More than 50% of ...

http://neurosciencenews.com/neuroscience-terms/alpha-synuclein/

Invitrogen Anti-alpha Synuclein Monoclonal (syn211), Catalog # MA5-12272. Tested in Western Blot (WB), Immunofluorescence (IF ... Mutation of the alpha-synuclein gene is associated with familial forms of PD. Alpha-Synuclein is known to reduce the ... Cite alpha Synuclein Monoclonal Antibody (syn211). The following antibody was used in this experiment: alpha Synuclein ... Alpha-Synuclein is involved in the formation of SNARE complexes, and most significantly, aggregated alpha-synuclein is one of ...

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Disordered protein SNCA Parkinson's Disease Neurons Antibody Protein alpha-synuclein Aggregates Proteins Role of alpha-synuclein Fibrils Pathology Neurodegenerative disorders Neuronal Presynaptic protein Function of alpha-synuclein Aggregation of alpha-synuclein Accumulation Gamma-synuclein Neurodegeneration Endogenous Oligomers Multiple system Pathological Pathogenesis Component of Lewy bodies Toxicity ELISA Shown that alpha-synuclein Expression of alpha-synuclein Antibodies Cerebrospinal Quantification NACP PARK1 Immunogen ASyn Amyloid Polymerase Chain Re Physiological Mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene Synucleinopathies Inclusions Mutation A53T Reactivity Synaptic vesicle Corresponding to Human Alpha-synuclein aa Intracellular LEWY BODIES Overexpression Beta-synuclein Human alpha-synuclein protein Amino Mitochondrial dysfunction Recombinant human Disorders Parkinson Membrane Oligomeric Levels of alpha-synuclein Structure of alpha-synuclein Distribution of alpha-synuclein Brain

Alpha-synuclein in solution is considered to be an intrinsically disordered protein, i.e. it lacks a single stable 3D structure. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein in solution is considered to be an intrinsically disordered protein and thus lacks a stable secondary or tertiary structure. (acris-antibodies.com)
Alpha-Synuclein (aSyn) is a 140 amino acid, intrinsically disordered protein that adopts an extended amphipathic alpha-helical structure upon binding the membrane. (umn.edu)

Alpha-synuclein is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SNCA gene. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein is encoded by the SNCA gene in humans and is mainly expressed in the cerebral neocortex, hippocampus, nigra, thalamus, and metencephalon, with the majority of the protein localizing to the presynaptic terminal and nucleus of neuron cells. (clontech.com)
Genomic triplication of the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA) has been reported to cause hereditary early-onset parkinsonism with dementia. (nih.gov)
The A53T mutation in the SNCA gene has been linked to early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD), making this model useful for understanding alpha-synuclein biology and PD pathogenesis. (horizondiscovery.com)
Alpha-synuclein (SNCA), an abundantly expressed presynaptic protein, is implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). (luriechildrens.org)
LS-F1634 is a 96-well enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the Qualitative detection of Human SNCA / Alpha-Synuclein in samples of Adherent Cell Cultures. (lsbio.com)
Addgene: Age-dependent accumulation of oligomeric SNCA/alpha-synuclein from impaired degradation in mutant LRRK2 knockin mouse model of Parkinson disease: role for therapeutic activation of chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). (addgene.org)
Global Markets Directs, Alpha Synuclein (Non A Beta Component Of AD Amyloid or Non A4 Component Of Amyloid Precursor or NACP or SNCA) - Pipeline Review, H2 2016, provides in depth analysis on Alpha Synuclein (Non A Beta Component Of AD Amyloid or Non A4 Component Of Amyloid Precursor or NACP or SNCA) targeted pipeline therapeutics. (researchmoz.us)
The report provides comprehensive information on the Alpha Synuclein (Non A Beta Component Of AD Amyloid or Non A4 Component Of Amyloid Precursor or NACP or SNCA) , targeted therapeutics, complete with analysis by indications, stage of development, mechanism of action (MoA), route of administration (RoA) and molecule type. (researchmoz.us)
Additionally, the report provides an overview of key players involved in Alpha Synuclein (Non A Beta Component Of AD Amyloid or Non A4 Component Of Amyloid Precursor or NACP or SNCA) targeted therapeutics development and features dormant and discontinued projects. (researchmoz.us)
Substitution mutations in the SNCA gene encoding alpha-synuclein are the most common cause of familial disease and alpha-synuclein also comprises the principal component of Lewy bodies. (edu.au)
Alpha-synuclein also known as SNCA is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the SNCA gene. (drugster.info)
SNCA: a member of the synuclein family. (mybiosource.com)
SNCA belongs to the synuclein family, which also includes beta- and gamma-synuclein. (mybiosource.com)
alpha Synuclein antibody was raised in Mouse using a purified recombinant fragment of SNCA expressed in E Coli as the immunogen. (mybiosource.com)
The report analyses the pipeline products from therapy areas Central Nervous System, Metabolic Disorders, Gastrointestinal, Genetic Disorders, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology under development targeting Alpha Synuclein (Non A Beta Component Of AD Amyloid or Non A4 Component Of Amyloid Precursor or NACP or SNCA). (globalmarketsdirect.com)

New research, funded in part by NIEHS, has revealed key insights into how alpha-synuclein aggregates cause damage to neurons in diseases such as Parkinson's disease. (nih.gov)
In Parkinson's disease, alpha-synuclein aggregates released from neurons activate immune cells known as microglia, leading to chronic neuroinflammation that damages neurons. (nih.gov)
They also studied why microglia migrate toward injured neurons and tend to accumulate with alpha-synuclein aggregates in the affected areas of Parkinson's disease brains, such as the substantia nigra. (nih.gov)
In addition to the presumed role of alpha-synuclein dynamics in synaptic function, changes in its physiological behavior may underlie the pathological changes associated with Parkinson's disease. (nih.gov)
Dominantly inherited mutations in alpha-synuclein cause Parkinson's disease, but the physiological role of alpha-synuclein remains unknown. (nih.gov)
The ability to image alpha-synuclein deposition in the brain would be a game-changing achievement for the Parkinson's disease field. (michaeljfox.org)
Nitrated alpha-synuclein-activated microglial profiling for Parkinson's disease. (nih.gov)
The protein alpha-synuclein is believed to play a major role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). (michaeljfox.org)
Alpha-synuclein is a sticky protein that clumps in the brains of people with Parkinson's disease (PD). (michaeljfox.org)
Growing experimental evidence suggests that the pathological spreading of alpha-synuclein aggregates in Parkinson's disease is mediated through a process of templated seeding whereby aggregates catalyze the conversion of soluble protein molecules into their aggregated forms. (pnas.org)
Alpha-synuclein can aggregate to form insoluble fibrils in pathological conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, Lewy body dementia (associated with both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease), and multiple system atrophy. (clontech.com)
Research by University at Buffalo biologists is providing new insights into alpha-synuclein, a small acidic protein associated with Parkinson's disease. (medicalxpress.com)
Aggregates of the protein alpha-synuclein arising in the gut may play a key role in the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). (medicalxpress.com)
Parkinson's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder that affects more than 6 million people worldwide, is caused by the buildup of alpha-synuclein proteins in the brain. (medicalxpress.com)
Alpha-Synuclein is involved in the formation of SNARE complexes, and most significantly, aggregated alpha-synuclein is one of the major components found in the Lewy bodies that occur in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. (thermofisher.com)
The antibody specific for alpha-synuclein does not cross react with beta-synuclein and will be useful for the confirmation of Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia and other studies for the localization and detection of alpha-synuclein. (thermofisher.com)
In Parkinson's disease, this process involves the aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) into intraneuronal inclusions. (mdpi.com)
IHC staining of α-synuclein deposits with purified anti-α-Synuclein, C-Terminal Truncated antibody (clone A15127A) on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded Parkinson's disease brain tissue. (biolegend.com)
A Nature Neuroscience study reveals the normal role of alpha-synuclein, a protein implicated in Parkinson's disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers report T cells in Parkinson's disease patients respond to alpha synuclein to a greater degree than those without the disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
Researchers have implicated an enzyme that appears to make both Tau and alpha synculein more toxic in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. (neurosciencenews.com)
Parkinson's disease is characterized by the presence of Lewy-bodies, which primarily contain the protein alpha-synuclein. (uoguelph.ca)
She demonstrates that a single alpha-synuclein mutation can elicit the accumulation and aggregation of proteins, characteristic of Parkinson's disease. (uoguelph.ca)
Increasing evidence points to inflammation as a chief mediator of Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and widespread aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn). (jneurosci.org)
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The main feature associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) is the accumulation of α-synuclein in the brain accompanied by signs of inflammation and immune activation. (jneurosci.org)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder and is characterized by the progressive loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) along with widespread intracellular aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (α-syn). (jneurosci.org)
Scientists believe that in Parkinson's disease the protein alpha-synuclein changes shape, forming oligomers that aggregate and cause brain cell dysfunction and cell death. (prnewswire.com)
There are currently no drugs available that can stop the toxic effects of alpha-synuclein oligomers on brain cells and slow or stop the progression of Parkinson's disease. (prnewswire.com)
With this MJFF award, the company will pursue discovery and development of a new generation of compounds active against alpha-synuclein to unlock the potential of its platform for discovering drugs for Parkinson's disease. (prnewswire.com)
In neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD), alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulates to induce cell death and/or form a cytoplasmic inclusion called Lewy body (LB). This α-syn-related pathology is termed synucleinopathy. (nii.ac.jp)
a-synuclein has been suggested to be implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders, and more recently, to be an important regulatory component of vesicular transport in neuronal cells. (prospecbio.com)
A-Synuclein A53T Human Recombinant which is a Parkinson's disease-related point mutant, produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of 140 amino acids having a molecular mass of 14.4kDa (molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear higher). (prospecbio.com)
In parallel, we studied the impact of blood contamination on the detectability of alpha-synuclein (aSyn), a highly abundant protein in blood/erythrocytes and a potential biomarker for Parkinson's disease. (mdpi.com)
Alpha-synuclein forms abnormal protein deposits in dopamine neurons and is believed to cause the death of brain cells, leading to Parkinson's Disease. (clinicaltrials.gov)
ABSTRACT - A missense G209A mutation of the alpha-synuclein gene was recently described in a large Contursi kindred with Parkinson's disease (PD). (scielo.br)
KEY WORDS: Parkinson's disease, alpha-synuclein, genetics. (scielo.br)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most common movement disorder and is characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and the presence of proteinacious aggregates enriched in Alpha-Synuclein called Lewy bodies. (ufl.edu)
The goals of this Penn U19 "Center On Alpha-synuclein Strains In Alzheimer Disease & Related Dementias" at the University of Pennsylvania (Penn) Perelman School of Medicine (PSOM) are to elucidate mechanisms of progressive neurodegeneration and dementia in AD +alpha-Synuclein (AD+aSyn), Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD), dementia with lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). (upenn.edu)
The aggregation of alpha-synuclein (alpha Syn) is the pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and related neurological disorders. (diva-portal.org)
Aggregated alpha-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites, intraneuronal inclusions found in the brains of Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) patients (synucleinopathies). (diva-portal.org)
This model provides insights into the function of α-synuclein and tau in Parkinson's disease pathogenesis and raises the possibility that this role that may also be conserved in Alzheimer's disease. (dovepress.com)
The molecular hallmark of synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy are megadalton alpha-synuclein-rich deposits suggestive of one molecular event causing distinct disease phenotypes. (epfl.ch)
Glial alpha-synuclein (alpha-SYN) filamentous deposits are prominent in multiple system atrophy and neuronal alpha-SYN inclusions are found in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies(2). (epfl.ch)
Intracellular aggregates of the alpha-synuclein protein result in cell loss and dysfunction in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism, such as multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies. (preprints.org)
α-Synuclein has been linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies. (quanterix.com)
Brain alpha-synuclein accumulation in multiple system atrophy, Parkinson's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy: a comparative investigation. (sysy.com)
Aggregated α-synuclein and the point mutations Ala30Pro and Ala53Thr of α-synuclein are associated with Parkinson's disease. (ku.edu)
Pathological findings in a patient with alpha-synuclein p.A53T and familial Parkinson's disease. (physiciansweekly.com)
The present report documents a patient harboring an alpha-synuclein p.A53T variant from a family presenting with autosomal dominant inheritance, including four patients clinically diagnosed with Parkinson's disease (PD) and two with dementia. (physiciansweekly.com)
Alpha-Synuclein has been linked to autosomal dominant early onset Parkinson's Disease (PD). (rpeptide.com)
Alpha Synuclein fibrils are prevalent in lewy bodies, a physiological symptom of Parkinson's disease. (rpeptide.com)
alpha-Synuclein (alphaS) is a 14.5 kDa neuronal protein associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and related disorders. (lancs.ac.uk)
The deposition of α -synuclein (α -syn) aggregates is a neuropathological feature of Parkinson's disease. (ovid.com)
While TDP-43 proteinopathy is considered a pathologic hallmark of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobe degeneration, α-synuclein is a major component of Lewy body characteristic of Parkinson's disease. (ijbs.com)
α-Synuclein is a pre-synaptic protein whose abnormal aggregation is the main characteristic of a sub-group of neurodegenerative disorders called α-synucleinopathies, including but not limited to Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). (bioclinica.com)
The action of dopamine on the aggregation of the unstructured alpha-synuclein (Î±-syn) protein may be linked to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. (drugster.info)
A point mutation in the gene coding for the alpha-synuclein protein was the first discovery linking this protein to a rare familial form of Parkinson's disease (PD). (biomol.com)
Mutations in alpha-synuclein are strongly linked to development of Parkinson's disease. (thefreedictionary.com)
alpha-Synuclein phosphorylation as a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease. (thefreedictionary.com)
alpha-Synuclein (alpha-Syn) is a presynaptic protein implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD). (semanticscholar.org)
In this project we assembled a cohort of complementary skills and combined our longterm research programmes to carry out an interdisciplinary study of the structural bases of the toxicity of prefibrilar alpha-synuclein oligomers in view of the crucial interaction with the membrane, which represents the key step in the aetiology of Parkinson's disease. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is stochastic: a culmination of aging-related changes in brain environment, genetic predispositions, and environmental insults that result in accumulation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) inclusions (i.e. (biomedcentral.com)
Interest in the synuclein family began when alpha-synuclein was found to be mutated in several families with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease. (wikipedia.org)
Mutations in alpha-synuclein are associated with early-onset familial Parkinson's disease and the protein aggregates abnormally in Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. (wikipedia.org)

In the brain, alpha-synuclein is found mainly at the tips of neurons in specialized structures called presynaptic terminals. (wikipedia.org)
It has been established that alpha-synuclein is extensively localized in the nucleus of mammalian brain neurons, suggesting a role of alpha-synuclein in the nucleus. (wikipedia.org)
Synuclein is however found predominantly in the presynaptic termini, in both free or membrane-bound forms, with roughly 15% of synuclein being membrane-bound in any moment in neurons. (wikipedia.org)
Thus, it is suggested that alpha-synuclein in mitochondria is differentially expressed in different brain regions and the background levels of mitochondrial alpha-synuclein may be a potential factor affecting mitochondrial function and predisposing some neurons to degeneration. (wikipedia.org)
The behavior of alpha-synuclein in neurons. (nih.gov)
This can occur, in part, by modulation of glial function following activation by soluble or insoluble modified alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), a chief component of Lewy bodies that is released from affected dopaminergic neurons. (nih.gov)
Alpha-Synuclein belongs to the Synuclein family, which includes beta and gamma Synuclein, and is predominantly expressed in neurons, and concentrated at synaptic terminals. (thermofisher.com)
A characteristic pathological feature of PD is the presence of Lewy bodies, which are formed by intracellular deposits of the protein alpha-synuclein in neurons. (eurekalert.org)
This may allow damaged or degenerating neurons to maintain their function for longer than those who are less efficient at retaining alpha-synuclein. (eurekalert.org)
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: alpha-Synuclein Antibody [NBP2-15365] - DIV14 rat E18 primary cortical neurons were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde at RT for 15 min. (novusbio.com)
alpha-synuclein pathology affects mitochondrial function but is widespread in PD brain, raising the question of its role in the greater vulnerability of nigrostriatal neurons in PD. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Thus, in mice over-expressing alpha-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction occurred preferentially in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons many months before striatal dopamine loss occurs at 14months of age. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Alpha-synuclein transfers from neurons to oligodendrocytes. (lu.se)
For instance, paraquat and rotenone induce Alpha-Syn up-regulation and aggregation, and elicit loss of dopaminergic neurons in mice and rats respectively. (ufl.edu)
Alpha-Synuclein (ASYN) is a protein that is abundant in the human brain and is found mainly at the tips of nerve cells (neurons) in specialized structures called presynaptic terminals. (unl.edu)
α-Synuclein has been found concentrated in the presynaptic nerve terminals of neurons and in the nucleus of neurons. (quanterix.com)
Lewy bodies are formed by a protein inside neurons called alpha-synuclein. (msfhr.org)
MSA is a unique proteinopathy in which alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulates preferentially in oligodendroglia rather than neurons. (lu.se)
Interestingly, concomitant overexpression of normal TDP-43 and mutant α-synuclein caused a more severe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the double transgenic mice as compared to single-gene transgenic mice. (ijbs.com)
TDP-43 potentiated α-synuclein toxicity to dopaminergic neurons in living animals. (ijbs.com)
Results within this thesis demonstrate that wild-type alphasynuclein protects both cortical and dopaminergic neurons from oxidative stress. (edu.au)
Rather mutant (A53T) alpha-synuclein was linked to sensitisation of neurons through a toxic gain of function which was independent of mitochondrial free-radical production or calcium buffering. (edu.au)
Chapter 3 appears to be the equivalent of the post-print version of an article published as: Musgrove RE, King AE, Dickson TC (2011) Neuroprotective upregulation of endogenous alpha-synuclein precedes ubiquitination in cultured dopaminergic neurons, Neurotoxicity research, 19(4), 592-602. (edu.au)
Chapter 4 appears to be the equivalent of the post-print version of an article published as: Musgrove RE, King AE, Dickson TC (2013) α-synuclein protects neurons from apoptosis downstream from free radical production through modulation of the MAPK signaling pathway, Neurotoxicity research, 23(4), 358-369. (edu.au)
Mice overexpressing human wildtype (WT) alpha-Syn under the Thy1 promoter show high levels of alpha-Syn in cortical and subcortical regions, exhibit progressive sensorimotor anomalies, as well as non-motor abnormalities and are considered models of pre-manifest PD as there is little evidence of early loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons. (semanticscholar.org)
a-synuclein can also be secreted by neurons via exocytosis and can be taken up from neighboring neurons via endocytosis, contributing to the progression of disease pathology.Several studies have demonstrated, that dopaminergic neurons derived from human iPSCs were able to recapitulate some of the defects observed in PD patients, as for example increased susceptibility to oxidative stress or reduced neurite complexity. (fnr.lu)
Interestingly, a beneficial role of astrocytes has been shown in a rat model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, in which transplantation of wild-type astrocyte precursors lead to a substantial extension of motor neuron survival.Therefore, we aim to analyze the effect of a-synuclein on human astrocytes and on their interplay with dopaminergic neurons. (fnr.lu)
We will then analyze whether these different a-synuclein variants can be taken up by astrocytes and neurons and their effects on cellular phenotypes. (fnr.lu)
In this context, it will also be interesting to analyze, whether the co-culture of mature healthy astrocytes with healthy or diseased dopaminergic neurons has any beneficial effect on these neurons after a-synuclein treatment. (fnr.lu)
A modified form of the alpha-synuclein protein within affected neurons may cause MSA. (wikipedia.org)

The rationale for this project is that a therapeutic antibody against alpha-synuclein will be able to block its harmful effects, clearing this protein, and thereby preventing the disease from spreading. (michaeljfox.org)
The selected antibody will be optimized using antibody engineering techniques to increase its ability to bind and remove alpha-synuclein. (michaeljfox.org)
In order to translate the model studies into the clinic, we will develop assays to evaluate both antibody levels and alpha-synuclein levels in tissues, blood and spinal fluid. (michaeljfox.org)
By antibody engineering we will learn about the importance of the strength of antibody binding to alpha-synuclein, and interaction between the antibody and the patient's immune system. (michaeljfox.org)
The aim of this study was to test the ability of a therapeutic antibody -- a protein that sticks to alpha-synuclein -- to block alpha-synuclein's harmful effects, remove it from the brain and thereby prevent the spread of PD. (michaeljfox.org)
In this study, we first developed an antibody to alpha-synuclein and confirmed its efficacy in alpha-synuclein models of Parkinson's. (michaeljfox.org)
Anti-human alpha-synuclein antibody (Cat. (clontech.com)
18671A, B) is an affinity-purified IgG antibody that recognizes human alpha-synuclein protein. (clontech.com)
The antibody was raised in rabbit using a synthetic peptide, and can be used for Western blot (WB) detection or immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of human alpha-synuclein protein. (clontech.com)
The following antibody was used in this experiment: alpha Synuclein Recombinant Polyclonal Antibody (14HCLC) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # 710110, RRID AB_2532568. (thermofisher.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: alpha-Synuclein Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Frozen-sectioned adult mouse hippocampus. (novusbio.com)
Green: alpha Synuclein protein stained by alpha Synuclein antibody diluted at 1:250. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Synuclein-alpha Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Paraffin-embedded Colon ca, using antibody at 1:250 dilution. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Synuclein-alpha Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Paraffin-embedded Rat brain diluted at 1:500. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Paraffin: Synuclein-alpha Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Paraffin-embedded rat brain. (novusbio.com)
Green: alpha Synuclein antibody diluted at 1:200. (novusbio.com)
Immunohistochemistry-Frozen: alpha-Synuclein Antibody [NBP2-15365] - Frozen sectioned E13.5 Rat brain. (novusbio.com)
Direct ELISA of purified anti-α-Synuclein Phospho (Tyr39) antibody (clone A15119B) binding to plate-immobilized recombinant human unmodified and pY39 and pY125 α-synuclein proteins. (biolegend.com)
Western blot of purified anti-α-Synuclein, 80-96 antibody (clone A15115A), and isotype-matched IgG1 control, demonstrating the binding specificity of clone A15115A to endogenous and recombinant human α-synuclein. (biolegend.com)
Direct ELISA of purified anti-α-Synuclein, C-Terminal Truncated antibody (clone A15127A) binding to plate-immobilized recombinant human full-length (1-140) and C-terminally fragmented (1-122) α-synuclein. (biolegend.com)
IHC staining of purified anti-α-Synuclein Phospho (Ser129) antibody (clone P-syn/81A) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded diseased human brain tissue. (biolegend.com)
Western blot of anti-α-Synuclein antibody (clone A15126D) and isotype-matched IgG2b control, binding to endogenous and recombinant human α-synuclein. (biolegend.com)
Hi people, I purchased an anti- alpha synuclein antibody and I want to try it but I would like to use some positive control. (scientistsolutions.com)
The following antibody was used in this experiment: alpha Synuclein Monoclonal Antibody (syn211) from Thermo Fisher Scientific, catalog # MA5-12272, RRID AB_10978319. (thermofisher.com)
The invention provides methods of detecting alpha-synuclein using a capture antibody and a reporter antibody. (wipo.int)
The capture antibody binds preferentially to full-length alpha- synuclein phosphorylated at residue 129 (PS129 alpha-synuclein) over unphosphorylated full- length alpha-synuclein. (wipo.int)
The reporter antibody binds to an epitope within residues 40-55 of alpha-synuclein. (wipo.int)
The recombinant human synuclein family (α-, β-and γ-) and α-synuclein domains (1-60, 1-95, 61-140 and 96-140) proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and probed with anti-α-Synuclein (61-95 aa) antibody Cat. (acris-antibodies.com)
Synuclein-alpha (Phospho-Tyr136) Antibody detects endogenous levels of Synuclein-alpha only when phosphorylated at Tyr136. (avivasysbio.com)

LB are largely composed of fibrillar aggregates (amyloid) of the protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn), which suggests that aSyn plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. (utwente.nl)
LB are largely composed of fibrillar aggregates (amyloid) of the protein alpha-synuclein (aSyn). (utwente.nl)
The natively unstructured, membrane-bound protein $\alpha $-synuclein is thought to play a role in vesicle trafficking. (aps.org)

Here, we determine the concentrations and numbers of aggregates necessary for the effective seeding of alpha-synuclein, thus providing a quantitative framework to understand the conditions when its seeded propagation is favorable. (pnas.org)
This has been attributed to the spread of α -synuclein ( α -syn) aggregates, which involves release of α -syn from a neuron and its reuptake by a neighboring neuron. (hindawi.com)
Parkinsons disease and other alpha-synucleinopathies are progressive neurodegenerative diseases characterized by aggregates of misfolded alpha-synuclein spreading throughout the brain. (diva-portal.org)
The protein α-synuclein (αSN) aggregates to form fibrils in neuronal cells of Parkinson's patients. (rsc.org)
The protein α-synuclein is the main component of Lewy bodies, the neuron-associated aggregates seen in Parkinson disease and other neurodegenerative pathologies. (rcsb.org)
The mechanisms whereby alpha-synuclein aggregates in turn mediate cytotoxicity also remain to be fully elucidated. (preprints.org)
BACKGROUND: The formation of alpha-synuclein aggregates may be a critical event in the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). (surrey.ac.uk)
In fact, alpha-synuclein aggregates are the main constituent of Lewy Bodies, characteristic proteins inclusions found in parkinsonian brains. (thefreedictionary.com)
One of the major hallmarks of PD is the formation of so called Lewy Bodies, protein aggregates that primarily consist of a-synuclein. (fnr.lu)

Within these structures, alpha-synuclein interacts with phospholipids and proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein is a synuclein protein of unknown function primarily found in neural tissue, making up as much as 1% of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein and cysteine-string protein-alpha (CSPalpha) are abundant synaptic vesicle proteins independently linked to neurodegeneration. (nih.gov)
These observations reveal a powerful in vivo activity of alpha-synuclein in protecting nerve terminals against injury and suggest that this activity operates in conjunction with CSPalpha and SNARE proteins on the presynaptic membrane interface. (nih.gov)
Parkinson's and multisystem atrophy (MSA), both neurodegenerative diseases, are associated with the accumulation of alpha-synuclein proteins in the brain. (medicalxpress.com)
Synucleins are a family of small and soluble proteins expressed mostly in neural tissue and cancer cells. (intechopen.com)
Lewy bodies are composed of truncated and phosphorylated intermediate neurofilament proteins, alpha synuclein, ubiquitin and associated enzymes. (genetex.com)
The synuclein phosphoproteins (15-20 kD) are small highly conserved proteins in vertebrates. (genetex.com)
Thereofore, research must be continued in order to better understand the functions of the synuclein proteins under normal physiological conditions as well as their role in disease. (omicsonline.org)
Alpha-Synuclein (α- Synuclein) is a member of the synuclein family of proteins including β-synuclein and γ-synuclein. (quanterix.com)
TDP-43 and α-synuclein are two disease proteins involved in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. (ijbs.com)
Our finding provides in vivo evidence suggesting that disease proteins such as TDP-43 and α-synuclein may play a synergistic role in disease induction in neurodegenerative diseases. (ijbs.com)
Synucleins are a family of soluble proteins common to vertebrates, primarily expressed in neural tissue and in certain tumors. (wikipedia.org)
The synuclein family includes three known proteins: alpha-synuclein, beta-synuclein, and gamma-synuclein. (wikipedia.org)
Synuclein family members are not found outside vertebrates, although they have some conserved structural similarity with plant 'late-embryo-abundant' proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha-synuclein InterPro: IPR002460 Beta-synuclein InterPro: IPR002461 Gamma-synuclein InterPro: IPR002462 Normal cellular functions have not been determined for any of the synuclein proteins. (wikipedia.org)

The results have highlighted complexities surrounding the contentious role of alpha-synuclein in both neuroprotection and toxicity. (edu.au)
Significantly, this twohit hypothesis validates past studies, which have detailed a role of alpha-synuclein in both neuroprotection through chaperone activity, and in neurotoxicity through a toxic gain of function mechanism. (edu.au)

A. " Identification and nanomechanical characterization of the fundamental single-strand protofilaments of amyloid {alpha}-synuclein fibrils ," by Francesco Simone Ruggeri, Fabrizio Benedetti, Tuomas P. J. Knowles, Hilal A. Lashuel, Sergey Sekatskii, and Giovanni Dietler (Vol. 115 No. 28, July 10, 2018, p. 7230-7235). (wisc.edu)
It is believed that oligomers of $\alpha $-synuclein are the toxic species, whereas sequestration into fibrils is neuroprotective. (aps.org)
X-ray fibre diffraction patterns show the similarity of NACore to toxic fibrils of full-length α-synuclein. (rcsb.org)
The NACore structure, together with that of a second segment, inspires a model for most of the ordered portion of the toxic, full-length α-synuclein fibril, presenting opportunities for the design of inhibitors of α-synuclein fibrils. (rcsb.org)
Alpha-synuclein fibrils are major substituent of the intracellular Lewy bodies seen in Parkinson rsquo;s disease. (acris-antibodies.com)
We assess the properties of structurally well-defined alpha-SYN assemblies (oligomers, ribbons and fibrils) after injection in rat brain. (epfl.ch)
While native α-synuclein is unfolded, it has a propensity to form toxic soluble oligomers (i.e., protofibrils) that ultimately aggregate into insoluble fibrils. (quanterix.com)
The fibrils and amyloidal forms of α-synuclein are major components of Lewy bodies. (quanterix.com)
In the present study, we investigated the temporal relationship of neuroinflammation in a model of synucleinopathy following intrastriatal injection of pre-formed alpha-synuclein fibrils (α-syn PFFS). (biomedcentral.com)

In vivo imaging of alpha-synuclein pathology could be useful as a biomarker for the presence of disease and disease progression and as a pharmacodynamic tool for drug development. (michaeljfox.org)
In vivo binding patterns consistent with the expected distribution of alpha-synuclein pathology per population (e.g. (michaeljfox.org)
One possible explanation is that UPDRS reflects primarily deficits arising from nigrostriatal degeneration, whereas CSF alpha-synuclein levels are influenced by the whole brain and may serve as a proxy for total brain pathology," says Dr. Zhang. (eurekalert.org)
The postmortem examination showed atrophy of the substantia nigra, lack of Alzheimer pathology, and numerous Lewy bodies which were immunoreactive to alpha-synuclein and ubiquitin in cortical and subcortical areas. (nih.gov)
Our results demonstrate that distinct alpha-SYN strains display differential seeding capacities, inducing strain-specific pathology and neurotoxic phenotypes. (epfl.ch)
A more detailed understanding of the major modes by which alpha-synuclein pathology spreads throughout the brain may provide new targets for therapies that halt the progression of disease. (preprints.org)
Alpha-synuclein p.A53T characteristically cause the Lewy body pathology and the symptoms, that resembled those of the reported patients with p.A53T. (physiciansweekly.com)
Colonic inflammation, alpha-synuclein pathology in the gut, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in PD are among the many clues. (thefreedictionary.com)
The formation of unique and filamentous inclusion bodies called Lewy bodies (LBs) is the hallmark of both PD and dementia with LBs. The key pathology in PD is generally considered to be the alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, although it is still controversial whether this protein aggregation is a cause or consequence of neurodegeneration. (bmbreports.org)

Together with PD and Lewy body dementia, MSA belongs to a group of neurodegenerative disorders, the alpha-synucleinopathies, which are characterized by the abnormal accumulation of alpha-synuclein. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Alpha-Synuclein is a small, presynaptic protein that is the major nonamyloid component of the pathological inclusions characteristic of a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, collectively known as synucleinopathies. (thermofisher.com)
Alpha synuclein in neurodegenerative disorders: murderer or accomplice? (wikipedia.org)

Alpha-synuclein is a neuronal protein that regulates synaptic vesicle trafficking and subsequent neurotransmitter release. (wikipedia.org)
It has also been shown that alpha-synuclein is localized in neuronal mitochondria. (wikipedia.org)
Indeed, there is growing evidence that alpha-synuclein is involved in the functioning of the neuronal Golgi apparatus and vesicle trafficking. (wikipedia.org)
Toxic forms of alpha-synuclein can cause neuronal dysfunction and, when secreted from cells, the protein can be taken up by neighboring cells, thereby spreading the disease from one brain region to another. (michaeljfox.org)
The alpha and beta synucleins are found primarily in brain tissue where they are seen mainly in neuronal cytosol and presynaptic terminals. (thermofisher.com)
Neuronal α-Synuclein is concentrated in presynaptic nerve terminals, interacts with plasma membrane phospholipids, and is also present in nuclei and mitochondria. (biolegend.com)
In the following years, synucleins have been linked with other neuronal disorders increasing the interest of elucidating their connection with these diseases. (intechopen.com)
a-Synuclein (amino acids 1-140), an acidic neuronal protein of 140 amino acids, is extremely heat-resistant and is natively unfolded with an extended structure primarily composed of random coils. (prospecbio.com)
The presence of alpha-synuclein in blood raises the possibility of using the protein as a marker for disease states and to test the effect of drugs on neuronal activity. (perkinelmer.com)
Neuronal accumulation of a protein called alpha synuclein (α-syn) appears to be a critical step in the development of PD and other neurodegenerative diseases, collectively referred to as synucleinopaties. (omicsonline.org)
Alpha-synuclein expression was correlated to neuronal health, free radical production, mitochondrial function and metabolism. (edu.au)
Data within this thesis also supports a role for alpha-synuclein in facilitating neuronal energy production through oxidative phosphorylation. (edu.au)
In contrast to wild-type protein, expression of mutant (A35T) alpha-synuclein increased neuronal susceptibility to oxidative toxicity. (edu.au)
In summary, the studies within this thesis have clarified the contribution of alpha-synuclein to normal neuronal function and the mechanisms of PD and DLB. (edu.au)
Alpha synuclein is an abundant 140 amino acid neuronal protein, expressed primarily at. (biomol.com)
The major filamentous component of Papp-Lantos bodies, glial and neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions, is alpha-synuclein. (wikipedia.org)

Alpha-synuclein (ASN) is a presynaptic protein that can easily change its conformation under different types of stress. (springer.com)
Alpha-synuclein is a presynaptic protein, which is most commonly an unfolded monomer in its physiological state. (diva-portal.org)
Alpha-Synuclein (α-Synuclein) is a 14 kD (140 amino acids) acidic presynaptic protein. (rpeptide.com)

Snaring the function of alpha-synuclein. (nih.gov)
The exact function of alpha-synuclein is unknown, but it may be involved in presynaptic signaling and membrane trafficking. (clontech.com)
The physiological function of alpha-synuclein appears to require its translocation between these subcellular compartments and interconversion between the 2 conformations. (biomol.com)

Aberrant aggregation of alpha-synuclein has been detected in an increasing number of neurodegenerative diseases, collectively known as synucleopathies. (biomol.com)

The accumulation of aggregated alpha-synuclein is a pathological hallmark of Parkinson's and a priority target for drug development given its hypothesized contribution to neurodegeneration. (michaeljfox.org)
Because of the gain of toxicity of α-synuclein, we performed stereotaxic injection of lentiviral vectors expressing mutant α-synuclein (A53T) into the substantia nigra of monkeys and found that aging also increases the accumulation of A53T in neurites and its associated neuropathology. (jneurosci.org)
Similar levels of alpha-synuclein accumulation in mitochondria were detected in the ventral midbrain, striatum and cortex of Thy1-aSyn mice. (sigmaaldrich.com)

Synuclein family members (alpha-, beta-, and gamma-synuclein) are expressed at high levels in adult brain tissue and in some tumors. (clontech.com)
The synuclein family includes alpha and beta synucleins and loosely related gamma synuclein and synoretin. (genetex.com)
Alpha-synuclein is a member of the synuclein family, which also includes beta- and gamma-synuclein. (genetex.com)
The gamma-synuclein protein's expression in breast tumors is a marker for tumor progression. (wikipedia.org)

Alpha-synuclein cooperates with CSPalpha in preventing neurodegeneration. (nih.gov)
Here, we report the surprising finding that transgenic expression of alpha-synuclein abolishes the lethality and neurodegeneration caused by deletion of CSPalpha. (nih.gov)
In preventing neurodegeneration in CSPalpha-deficient mice, alpha-synuclein does not simply substitute for CSPalpha but acts by a downstream mechanism that requires phospholipid binding by alpha-synuclein. (nih.gov)
A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES that plays a role in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. (curehunter.com)
Oxidative damage linked to neurodegeneration by selective alpha-synuclein nitration in synucleinopathy lesions. (lsbio.com)
Here, we evaluate the evidence for and against the role of α-synuclein in destabilizing microtubules, causing axonal transport deficits and eventually neurodegeneration. (dovepress.com)
This thesis will provide a basis and direction for further investigations into the relationship between intracellular alpha-synuclein levels, and the selective nature of neurodegeneration in PD and DLB. (edu.au)

Conversely, ablation of endogenous synucleins exacerbates these phenotypes. (nih.gov)
The resulting model expresses a humanized A53T alpha-synuclein protein without endogenous rat alpha-synuclein. (horizondiscovery.com)
Recognizes endogenous levels of Alpha-synuclein (pS129) protein. (genetex.com)

Hallmark lesions of neurodegenerative synucleinopathies contain alpha-synuclein that is modified by nitration of tyrosine residues and possibly by dityrosine cross-linking to generated stable oligomers. (abcam.com)
Using these methods, the company is also testing the effect of drug candidates on the toxic alpha-synuclein oligomers. (prnewswire.com)
The oxidative stress-related reactive aldehydes 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) and 4-oxo-2-nonenal (ONE) have been shown to promote formation of alpha-synuclein oligomers in vitro. (diva-portal.org)
However, ONE-induced alpha-synuclein oligomers exhibited a slightly higher degree of beta-sheet. (diva-portal.org)
Moreover, to probe the selective interaction of the two types of oligomers with a variety of lipid membranes, we will adapt our recent approach that successfully unveiled the nature of the interaction between monomeric alpha-synuclein and lipid membranes (Fusco et al, Nature Communications, 2014 5:3827). (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

The origin of α-synuclein (α-syn)-positive glial cytoplasmic inclusions found in oligodendrocytes in multiple system atrophy (MSA) is enigmatic, given the fact that oligodendrocytes do not express α-syn mRNA. (lu.se)

Alpha-synuclein has a high potential for biomarker development since it constitutes the pathological hallmark feature in MSA. (clinicaltrials.gov)
As the impact of this pathological spreading mechanism is currently debated, we aimed to investigate the transfer and subcellular location of alpha-synuclein species in a novel 3D co-culture human cell model based on highly differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. (diva-portal.org)
Antibodies to alpha synuclein provide a specific method to detect Lewy bodies and associated pathological mechanism of PD and AD. (genetex.com)
Abnormal processing of alpha-synuclein is predicted to lead to pathological changes in its binding properties and function. (biomol.com)

Each of these neurodegenerative conditions, known collectively as alpha-synucleinopathies, may be characterized by a different suite of molecular triggers that initiate pathogenesis. (preprints.org)

Alpha Synuclein is the major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis in sporadic PD, dementia with Lewy Bodies and Lewy Body variant of AD. (genetex.com)
Studies have focused heavily on the protein α-synuclein, which is the primary component of Lewy bodies, the pathologic inclusions that are the hallmark of Parkinson's on the cellular level. (dovepress.com)

alpha-Synuclein protects SH-SY5Y cells from dopamine toxicity. (sysy.com)
The structural investigation will be complemented biophysical and cellular toxicity measurements to define the underlying structural bases of cellular toxicity of alpha-synuclein. (neurodegenerationresearch.eu)

ELISA was performed by coating wells with 150 ng of each recombinant α-synuclein protein. (biolegend.com)
ELISA assays were developed to investigate if parkin interacts with alpha-synuclein in human blood plasma. (lancs.ac.uk)
This study documents the analytical performance characteristics of a novel colorimetric ELISA targeting α-Synuclein in biological fluids, with a focus on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (bioclinica.com)
α-Synuclein concentrations have been determined using a colorimetric ELISA designed and developed by ADx NeuroSciences using two monoclonal antibodies. (bioclinica.com)
The newly developed α-Synuclein colorimetric ELISA assay meets all of our internal acceptance criteria for clinical trial sample testing and represents an additional tool for patient enrichment in clinical trials or treatment follow-up. (bioclinica.com)

It has been shown that alpha-synuclein is localized in the inner membrane of mitochondria, and that the inhibitory effect of alpha-synuclein on complex I activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain is dose-dependent. (wikipedia.org)
It has been shown that alpha-synuclein significantly interacts with tubulin, and that alpha-synuclein may have activity as a potential microtubule-associated protein, like tau. (wikipedia.org)
Although several large studies have shown that alpha-synuclein levels are lower in the CSF of PD patients and those with related synucleinopathies compared to controls, its role in cognitive decline and dementia had been unexplored. (eurekalert.org)

Knock-out mice with the targeted inactivation of the expression of alpha-synuclein show impaired spatial learning and working memory. (wikipedia.org)
Over-expression of alpha-synuclein in the nervous system enhances axonal degeneration after peripheral nerve lesion in a transgenic mouse strain. (sysy.com)

Antibodies binding to alpha-synuclein have been selected in cell models. (michaeljfox.org)
At the same time, we designed several other antibodies to alpha-synuclein as additional therapeutic candidates. (michaeljfox.org)
We carry postive controls for alpha synuclein antibodies please shoot me a PM if your interested in touch. (scientistsolutions.com)
Monoclonal antibodies (mab) are offered that all specifi-cally for human alpha-Synuclein and well characterized regarding their binding to antigen especially their epitope specificity. (analytik-jena.de)

The main objectives are to determine on one hand whether oligomeric alpha-synuclein levels are increased in MSA patients compared to controls and on other hand whether there is a good agreement between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Concentration of oligomeric alpha-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). (clinicaltrials.gov)
This assay kit is capable of quantitative determination of human alpha-synuclein in serum, EDTA plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and cell culture supernatant. (clontech.com)
Data from 304 PD patients followed for up to 8 years indicate that patients with higher cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) alpha-synuclein levels experienced faster cognitive decline in the following months, although no associations were found between alpha-synuclein levels and motor changes. (eurekalert.org)
The AlphaLISA ® immunoassay kit for human Alpha-synuclein enables the quantitative determination of Alpha-synuclein in biological fluids such as serum, plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and cell culture supernatants using a homogeneous AlphaLISA assay (no wash steps). (perkinelmer.com)
Alpha-synuclein is also found in cerebrospinal fluid, which is the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord. (msfhr.org)
While we know that alpha-synuclein in cerebrospinal fluid is helpful for distinguishing dementia with Lewy bodies from Alzheimer's disease, further work is needed to improve this test. (msfhr.org)

This kit has been designed for the detection and quantification of alpha-synuclein in serum, plasma, and cell culture supernatants. (perkinelmer.com)

An alpha-synuclein fragment, known as the non-Abeta component (NAC) of Alzheimer's disease amyloid, originally found in an amyloid-enriched fraction, was shown to be a fragment of its precursor protein, NACP. (wikipedia.org)
It was later determined that NACP was the human homologue of Torpedo synuclein. (wikipedia.org)
Therefore, NACP is now referred to as human alpha-synuclein. (wikipedia.org)

The following year, in 1997, we would publish the paper that showed that PARK1 was the protein α-synuclein ). (apdaparkinson.org)

The MA5-12272 immunogen is human recombinant alpha-synuclein. (thermofisher.com)

We have examined mitochondrial function and oxidative damage in mice overexpressing human wild type alpha-synuclein broadly throughout the nervous system under the Thy1 promoter (Thy1-aSyn mice) between 4 and 8months of age. (sigmaaldrich.com)
A major hallmark of the disease is the increasing presence of aggregated alpha-synuclein (aSyn). (springer.com)

The implication of alpha synuclein in neurodegenerative diseases started after the identification of non A beta component of amyloid (NAC peptide) in Alzheimeris disease (AD) brains. (genetex.com)
An 11-residue segment, which we term NACore, appears to be responsible for amyloid formation and cytotoxicity of human α-synuclein. (rcsb.org)

The alpha-synuclein G209A mutation assay was made using polymerase chain reaction and the restriction enzyme Tsp45I. (scielo.br)
Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction was used for screening of three pathogenic single nucleotide polymorphisms in alpha-synuclein gene. (thefreedictionary.com)

Rather than unveiling their physiological properties and functions in normal brain tissue, the synucleins are mostly exploited as biomarkers for neurodegenerative diseases since the discovery of their involvement in proteinaceous aggregation in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) [ 1 ]. (intechopen.com)
The physiological function of α-synuclein may associate with regulating synaptic transmission, dopamine metabolism, vesicle trafficking etc. (quanterix.com)
The physiological roles of α-synuclein and methionine oxidation of the α-synuclein protein structure and function are not fully understood. (ku.edu)

Nevertheless, mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene are a rare cause of PD in families from North America, 4,5 Europe 6 and China 7 . (scielo.br)
Certain missense mutations in the alpha synuclein gene (A53T, A30P) have been linked to the familial Parkinsonis disease (PD). (genetex.com)
Subsequently, other mutations in the alpha-synuclein gene have been identified in familial PD. (biomol.com)

The oligomeric alpha-synuclein seems to be particularly involved in abnormal protein aggregation in alpha-synucleinopathies. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Our data show that, in addition to the previously described hereditary alpha-synucleinopathies, dementia with Lewy bodies is related to mutation of alpha-synuclein. (nih.gov)
The association of alpha synuclein (α-Syn) with several progressive disorders has focused the research on its induced conformational behavior as critical for uncovering the "secrets" for progression of α-synucleinopathies. (intechopen.com)
There is now a general group of synucleinopathies which implicates alpha synuclein in Lewy body syndromes, Parkinsonis disease, and Alzheimeris disease. (genetex.com)
The discovery of alpha-SYN assemblies with different structural characteristics or 'strains' has led to the hypothesis that strains could account for the different clinicopathological traits within synucleinopathies(3,4). (epfl.ch)
Thus, a compromised MsrA function combined with α-synuclein overexpression may promote processes leading to synucleinopathies. (ku.edu)

A major component of these inclusions is phosphorylated alpha-synuclein ( α -SYN) protein. (hindawi.com)
Aggregated protein inclusions called Lewy bodies found in the brain in PD contain alphaS. (lancs.ac.uk)
The aggregated proteinaceous inclusions called Lewy bodies found in PD and cortical Lewy body dementia (LBD) were discovered to be predominantly alpha-synuclein. (biomol.com)

Mutation of the alpha-synuclein gene is associated with familial forms of PD. (thermofisher.com)
Sequencing of the alpha-synuclein gene showed a novel, nonconservative E46K mutation in heterozygosis. (nih.gov)
The objective of this study is to determine if the mutation G209A of the alpha-synuclein gene was present in 10 Brazilian families with PD. (scielo.br)
Our results suggest that alpha-synuclein mutation G209A is uncommon in Brazilian PD families. (scielo.br)
2 found a missense G209A mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene in a large family diagnosed with PD from Contursi, Italy and in another 3 Greek families with an autossomal dominant pattern. (scielo.br)
This point mutation leads to the substitution of alanine by treonine at the 53 position in the aminoacid sequence of the alpha-synuclein (Ala53Thr) 1 . (scielo.br)
In Brazil there are no studies focusing on the mutations of the alpha-synuclein in families with PD and our study's objective is to determine whether the G209A mutation can be found among 10 Brazilian families with PD. (scielo.br)
The G209A mutation of the alpha-synuclein gene was detected by using the Tsp451 restriction enzyme, as previously described 1 . (scielo.br)
We could not find the G209A mutation in the exon 4 of the alpha-synuclein gene in the families studied. (scielo.br)

The alpha-synuclein p.A53T variant is linked to young- or middle-aged onset parkinsonism and cognitive decline. (physiciansweekly.com)

The Nature study reports four genetic variations are associated with T cell reactivity to alpha synuclein. (neurosciencenews.com)
MA5-12272 targets Synuclein in IHC (P), ICC/IF, IP, and WB applications and shows reactivity with Human and Rat samples. (thermofisher.com)

Synucleins may be involved in the regulation of dopamine release and transport and the modulation of synaptic vesicle function. (thermofisher.com)

Synthetic peptide corresponding to Human Alpha-synuclein aa 111-131 (C terminal). (abcam.com)
Recombinant full length protein corresponding to Human Alpha-synuclein aa 1-140. (abcam.com)

Mitochondrial translocation of alpha-synuclein is promoted by intracellular acidification. (sysy.com)

a-Synuclein is also the main component of pathogenic Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. (biomol.com)
She will create a diagnostic tool for clinical use to measure alpha-synuclein, and also explore modifications of alpha-synuclein that occur in disease that could improve our ability to identify dementia with Lewy bodies. (msfhr.org)
CFS α-Synuclein levels reflect the presence of Lewy bodies in the brain and have been shown to be decreased in PD and DLB patients as compared to healthy aging controls. (bioclinica.com)

Region specific mitochondrial impairment in mice with widespread overexpression of alpha-synuclein. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Alpha-synuclein overexpression in mice alters synaptic communication in the corticostriatal pathway. (semanticscholar.org)

Synucleins are abundantly expressed in the brain and alpha- and beta-synuclein inhibit phospholipase D2 selectively. (genetex.com)

The human alpha-synuclein protein is made of 140 amino acids. (wikipedia.org)

Moreover, recent studies have shown that a-synuclein has chaperone activity and that this activity is lost upon removing its C-terminal acidic tail (amino acids 96-140). (prospecbio.com)
a-Synuclein Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain of 140 amino acids having a molecular mass of 14.4kDa (Real molecular weight on SDS-PAGE will be shift up). (prospecbio.com)
Mab 5G4 recognizes α-sheets of amino acids 47-53 of alpa-Synuclein that is described as amyloidogenic rea-gion and pathologic related structure for detection of synucleopathies (Kovacs 2012). (analytik-jena.de)
Mab 10D2 binds to amino acids 118-125 within c-terminal part of the protein and is very suitable for detection of all alpha-Synuclein forms in different applications. (analytik-jena.de)
Alpha-synuclein is a 140 amino acids protein primarily expressed in the mammalian brain. (perkinelmer.com)

While the roles of α-synuclein in causing mitochondrial dysfunction and disruptions to the proteasomal system have been well documented, recently, its role in effecting microtubule dynamics has been investigated as a potential source of pathogenicity. (dovepress.com)

The Recombinant Human a-Synuclein is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques. (prospecbio.com)
Recombinant human alpha synuclein, produced in E.coli. (genetex.com)

These neurodegenerative multisystem disorders have widespread occurrence of α-synuclein containing deposits in the central, peripheral, and autonomic systems. (pathologyoutlines.com)

This is a Phase I clinical trial of phenylbutyrate in 20 Parkinson patients and 20 age- and sex-matched normal control subjects to see if phenylbutyrate can increase the removal of alpha-synuclein from the brain into the bloodstream. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Lrrk2 phosphorylates alpha synuclein at serine 129: Parkinson disease implications. (lsbio.com)
Mutations of the a-synuclein gene have been linked to Parkinson disease. (biomol.com)
2006) Familial Parkinson mutant alpha-synuclein causes dopamine neuron dysfunction in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. (thefreedictionary.com)

Experimental evidence has been collected on the interaction of alpha-synuclein with membrane and its involvement with membrane composition and turnover. (wikipedia.org)
Despite considerable evidence linking alpha-synuclein with membranes in vitro, it has proven difficult to demonstrate membrane association of the protein in vivo. (nih.gov)
Alpha-synuclein interacts with plasma membrane phospholipids. (acris-antibodies.com)
Alpha-synuclein exists physiologically in both soluble and membrane-bound states, in unstructured and alpha-helical conformations, respectively. (biomol.com)

As of 2014, an increasing number of reports suggest, however, the presence of partial structures or mostly structured oligomeric states in the solution structure of alpha-synuclein even in the absence of lipids. (wikipedia.org)
Fluorescently-labeled monomeric, oligomeric and fibrillar species of alpha-synuclein were introduced into a donor cell population and co-cultured with an EGFP-expressing acceptor-cell population of differentiated neuron-like cells. (diva-portal.org)
Size exclusion chromatography showed that after 1 h of incubation, HNE induced the formation of an oligomeric alpha-synuclein peak with a molecular weight of about similar to 2000 kDa, which coincided with a decreasing similar to 50 kDa monomeric peak. (diva-portal.org)

In contrast, peroxiredoxin 2 increased in the striatum and cortex, which may contribute to their protection in the presence of high levels of alpha-synuclein. (sigmaaldrich.com)

However, the changes in secondary structure of alpha-synuclein and the kinetics of the oligomerization process are not known and were the focus of this study. (diva-portal.org)

Further, neural activity controls the distribution of alpha-synuclein, causing its dispersion from the synapse. (nih.gov)

Alpha-synuclein is specifically upregulated in a discrete population of presynaptic terminals of the brain during a period of acquisition-related synaptic rearrangement. (wikipedia.org)
He and his colleagues, including first author, Tessandra Stewart, PhD, suggest that the decrease in CSF alpha-synuclein may be the result of a compensatory process, reflecting greater retention of the protein in the brain. (eurekalert.org)
This is a Phase I clinical trial of the FDA approved drug Glycerol Phenylbutyrate to see if phenylbutyrate can increase the removal of alpha-synuclein from the brain into the bloodstream. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Alpha-synuclein is expressed principally in the central nervous system (brain) but is also expressed in low concentrations in a variety of tissues except liver. (acris-antibodies.com)
Alpha Synuclein is a protein of 140aa expressed abundantly in the brain. (biomol.com)
Additionally, we show that alpha-SYN assemblies cross the blood-brain barrier and distribute to the central nervous system after intravenous injection. (epfl.ch)
However, recent studies have implicated the cell-to-cell spread of alpha-synuclein as the major mode of disease propagation between brain regions during disease progression. (preprints.org)
Annular alpha-synuclein protofibrils are produced when spherical protofibrils are incubated in solution or bound to brain-derived membranes. (harvard.edu)
Excess levels of either calcium or alpha-synuclein may be what starts the chain reaction that leads to the death of brain cells. (thefreedictionary.com)

Anatomy4

Organisms3

Diseases4

Chemicals and Drugs27

Psychiatry and Psychology2

Phenomena and Processes6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Anthropology, Education, Sociology and Social Phenomena2

Humanities1

Information Science5

Health Care1

Mutant and wild type human alpha-synucleins assemble into elongated filaments with distinct morphologies in vitro. (1/1546)

Both familial Parkinson's disease mutations accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation. (2/1546)

Copper(II)-induced self-oligomerization of alpha-synuclein. (3/1546)

alpha-synuclein fibrillogenesis is nucleation-dependent. Implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. (4/1546)

alpha-Synuclein shares physical and functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins. (5/1546)

Filamentous nerve cell inclusions in neurodegenerative diseases: tauopathies and alpha-synucleinopathies. (6/1546)

alpha-synuclein binds to Tau and stimulates the protein kinase A-catalyzed tau phosphorylation of serine residues 262 and 356. (7/1546)

The genetics of disorders with synuclein pathology and parkinsonism. (8/1546)

alpha-Synuclein

Synucleins

gamma-Synuclein

Impulse Control Disorders

beta-Synuclein

Parkinson Disease

Dopamine

Protein D-Aspartate-L-Isoaspartate Methyltransferase

Lewy Bodies

Nerve Tissue Proteins

Parkinsonian Disorders

Neurodegenerative Diseases

Molecular Sequence Data

Neurons

Amino Acid Sequence

alpha 1-Antitrypsin

Brain

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha

Mice, Transgenic

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

Integrin alpha3beta1

Integrin alpha4

Integrin alpha6

Integrin alpha5beta1

Integrin alpha4beta1

Interleukin-1alpha

Integrin alpha2beta1

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1

Integrin alpha5

Integrin alpha1beta1

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2

Integrin alpha6beta1

Antibodies

Antibody Specificity

Antibodies, Monoclonal

Antibodies, Viral

Rabbits

Antibodies, Bacterial

Mitochondrial Degradation

Alice in Wonderland Syndrome

Autophagy

Mitochondria

History, 20th Century

Access to Information

PubMed

National Institutes of Health (U.S.)

Research Report

Primates

Aging

Gene Duplication

Mutant and wild type human alpha-synucleins assemble into elongated filaments with distinct morphologies in vitro. (1/1546)

Both familial Parkinson's disease mutations accelerate alpha-synuclein aggregation. (2/1546)

Copper(II)-induced self-oligomerization of alpha-synuclein. (3/1546)

alpha-synuclein fibrillogenesis is nucleation-dependent. Implications for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. (4/1546)

alpha-Synuclein shares physical and functional homology with 14-3-3 proteins. (5/1546)

Filamentous nerve cell inclusions in neurodegenerative diseases: tauopathies and alpha-synucleinopathies. (6/1546)

alpha-synuclein binds to Tau and stimulates the protein kinase A-catalyzed tau phosphorylation of serine residues 262 and 356. (7/1546)

The genetics of disorders with synuclein pathology and parkinsonism. (8/1546)

Alpha-Synuclein Delays Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi Transport i by Nandhakumar Thayanidhi, Jared R. Helm et al.

Sodium butyrate rescues dopaminergic cells from alpha-synuclein-induced transcriptional deregulation and DNA damage<...

A Focus on the Beneficial Effects of Alpha Synuclein and a Re-Appraisal of Synucleinopathies | Bentham Science

Alpha-Synuclein Detection: ELISAs and Antibodies

Alpha-Synuclein Detection: ELISAs and Antibodies

Lentiviral vector delivery of parkin prevents dopaminergic degeneration in an alpha-synuclein rat model of Parkinsons disease ...

Assay Solution. Porcine alpha-Synuclein ELISA Kit

Assay Solution. Rat alpha-Synuclein ELISA Kit

Anti-amyloid Oligomer Monoclonal Antibodies for Treatment of Parkinsons Disease | Parkinsons Disease

Evaluation of the Oligomer Modulator anle138b in a Seeding-based Model of Parkinsons Disease | Parkinsons Disease

PNAS: Polyamine pathway plays a role in Parkinsons disease pathogenesis | Health Imaging

IJMS | Free Full-Text | High-Throughput Screening Methodology to Identify Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Inhibitors

Rapid dissemination of alpha-synuclein seeds through neural circuits in an in-vivo prion-like seeding experiment | Acta...

Volume 20.06 | Feb 25 - Cell Therapy News

Lyme discovery: Borrelia bacteria hides inside parasitic worms, causing chronic brain diseases - Outbreak News Today

Lyme discovery: Borrelia bacteria hides inside parasitic worms, causing chronic brain diseases - Outbreak News Today

Understanding the membrane biophysics of alpha-Synuclein and its role in membrane curvature induction and structural remodeling

Study Identifies Novel Parkinsons Disease Drug Target | EmaxHealth

Modelling the evolution of PD from gut to brain - Parkinsons Movement

Serval - The role of phosphorylation at Y125 in regulating the structure, aggregation, and membrane binding of alpha-synuclein:...

Glial A30P alpha-synuclein pathology segregates neurogenesis from anxiety-related behavior in conditional transgenic mice