Alpha crystallin a chain. Medical search

A heterogeneous family of water-soluble structural proteins found in cells of the vertebrate lens. The presence of these proteins accounts for the transparency of the lens. The family is composed of four major groups, alpha, beta, gamma, and delta, and several minor groups, which are classed on the basis of size, charge, immunological properties, and vertebrate source. Alpha, beta, and delta crystallins occur in avian and reptilian lenses, while alpha, beta, and gamma crystallins occur in all other lenses.

A subclass of crystallins that provides the majority of refractive power and translucency to the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) in VERTEBRATES. Alpha-crystallins also act as molecular chaperones that bind to denatured proteins, keep them in solution and thereby maintain the translucency of the lens. The proteins exist as large oligomers that are formed from ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN and ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN subunits.

A transparent, biconvex structure of the EYE, enclosed in a capsule and situated behind the IRIS and in front of the vitreous humor (VITREOUS BODY). It is slightly overlapped at its margin by the ciliary processes. Adaptation by the CILIARY BODY is crucial for OCULAR ACCOMMODATION.

The basic subunit of beta-crystallins.

The acidic subunit of beta-crystallins.

A subclass of crystallins that found in the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) of VERTEBRATES. Gamma-crystallins are similar in structure to BETA-CRYSTALLINS in that they both form into a Greek key-like structure. They are composed of monomeric subunits.

A class of crystallins that provides refractive power and translucency to the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) in VERTEBRATES. Beta-crystallins are similar in structure to GAMMA-CRYSTALLINS in that they both contain Greek key motifs. Beta-crystallins exist as oligomers formed from acidic (BETA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN) and basic (BETA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN) subunits.

One of the subunits of alpha-crystallins. Unlike ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN B CHAIN the expression of ALPHA-CRYSTALLIN A CHAIN is limited primarily to the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE).

One of the alpha crystallin subunits. In addition to being expressed in the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE), alpha-crystallin B chain has been found in a variety of tissues such as HEART; BRAIN; MUSCLE; and KIDNEY. Accumulation of the protein in the brain is associated with NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES such as CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB SYNDROME and ALEXANDER DISEASE.

A subclass of crystallins found in the lens (LENS, CRYSTALLINE) in BIRDS and REPTILES. They are inactive forms of the enzyme argininosuccinate lyase.

Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

In vitro method for producing large amounts of specific DNA or RNA fragments of defined length and sequence from small amounts of short oligonucleotide flanking sequences (primers). The essential steps include thermal denaturation of the double-stranded target molecules, annealing of the primers to their complementary sequences, and extension of the annealed primers by enzymatic synthesis with DNA polymerase. The reaction is efficient, specific, and extremely sensitive. Uses for the reaction include disease diagnosis, detection of difficult-to-isolate pathogens, mutation analysis, genetic testing, DNA sequencing, and analyzing evolutionary relationships.

Plasma glycoprotein member of the serpin superfamily which inhibits TRYPSIN; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; and other PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES.

The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.

The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.

An enzyme of the urea cycle which splits argininosuccinate to fumarate plus arginine. Its absence leads to the metabolic disease ARGININOSUCCINIC ACIDURIA in man. EC 4.3.2.1.

One of the two major pharmacological subdivisions of adrenergic receptors that were originally defined by the relative potencies of various adrenergic compounds. The alpha receptors were initially described as excitatory receptors that post-junctionally stimulate SMOOTH MUSCLE contraction. However, further analysis has revealed a more complex picture involving several alpha receptor subtypes and their involvement in feedback regulation.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is regulated by OXYGEN availability and is targeted for degradation by VHL TUMOR SUPPRESSOR PROTEIN.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.

Maf proto-oncogene protein is the major cellular homolog of the V-MAF ONCOGENE PROTEIN. It was the first of the mammalian MAF TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS identified, and it is induced in activated T-LYMPHOCYTES and regulates GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION of INTERLEUKIN-4. c-maf is frequently translocated to an immunoglobulin locus in MULTIPLE MYELOMA.

A variation of the PCR technique in which cDNA is made from RNA via reverse transcription. The resultant cDNA is then amplified using standard PCR protocols.

Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under conditions in which the components, such as PROTEINS, being separated can remain in their naturally folded state.

Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

A member of the NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR subfamily of the LIGAND-GATED ION CHANNEL family. It consists entirely of pentameric a7 subunits expressed in the CNS, autonomic nervous system, vascular system, lymphocytes and spleen.

Polypeptide chains, consisting of 211 to 217 amino acid residues and having a molecular weight of approximately 22 kDa. There are two major types of light chains, kappa and lambda. Two Ig light chains and two Ig heavy chains (IMMUNOGLOBULIN HEAVY CHAINS) make one immunoglobulin molecule.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.

The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).

The largest of polypeptide chains comprising immunoglobulins. They contain 450 to 600 amino acid residues per chain, and have molecular weights of 51-72 kDa.

Measurement of the index of refraction (the ratio of the velocity of light or other radiation in the first of two media to its velocity in the second as it passes from one into the other).

A family of cellular proteins that mediate the correct assembly or disassembly of polypeptides and their associated ligands. Although they take part in the assembly process, molecular chaperones are not components of the final structures.

A family of transcription factors that contain regions rich in basic residues, LEUCINE ZIPPER domains, and HELIX-LOOP-HELIX MOTIFS.

A class of morphologically heterogeneous cytoplasmic particles in animal and plant tissues characterized by their content of hydrolytic enzymes and the structure-linked latency of these enzymes. The intracellular functions of lysosomes depend on their lytic potential. The single unit membrane of the lysosome acts as a barrier between the enzymes enclosed in the lysosome and the external substrate. The activity of the enzymes contained in lysosomes is limited or nil unless the vesicle in which they are enclosed is ruptured. Such rupture is supposed to be under metabolic (hormonal) control. (From Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)

An intermediate filament protein found predominantly in smooth, skeletal, and cardiac muscle cells. Localized at the Z line. MW 50,000 to 55,000 is species dependent.

The segregation and degradation of damaged or unwanted cytoplasmic constituents by autophagic vacuoles (cytolysosomes) composed of LYSOSOMES containing cellular components in the process of digestion; it plays an important role in BIOLOGICAL METAMORPHOSIS of amphibians, in the removal of bone by osteoclasts, and in the degradation of normal cell components in nutritional deficiency states.

A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein.

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

The property of antibodies which enables them to react with some ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS and not with others. Specificity is dependent on chemical composition, physical forces, and molecular structure at the binding site.

A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)

Organic chemistry methodology that mimics the modular nature of various biosynthetic processes. It uses highly reliable and selective reactions designed to "click" i.e., rapidly join small modular units together in high yield, without offensive byproducts. In combination with COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES, it is used for the synthesis of new compounds and combinatorial libraries.

A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecule having a change in a single base pair.

New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.

Decreased heat stability and increased chaperone requirement of modified human betaB1-crystallins. (1/136)

PURPOSE: To determine how deamidation and partial loss of the N- and C-terminal extensions alter the heat stability of betaB1-crystallin. METHODS: Human lens betaB1, a deamidated betaB1, Q204E, and alphaA-crystallins were expressed. Truncated betaB1 was generated by proteolytic removal of part of its terminal extensions. The aggregation and precipitation of these proteins due to heating was monitored by circular dichroism and light scattering. The effect of heat on the stability of both monomers and oligomers was investigated. The flexibility of the extensions in wild type and deamidated betaB1 was assessed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. RESULTS: With heat, deamidated betaB1 precipitated more readily than wild type betaB1. Similar effects were obtained for either monomers or oligomers. Flexibility of the N-terminal extension in deamidated betaB1 was significantly reduced compared to the wild type protein. Truncation of the extensions further increased the rate of heat-induced precipitation of deamidated betaB1. The presence of the molecular chaperone, alphaA-crystallin, prevented precipitation of modified betaB1s. More alphaA was needed to chaperone the truncated and deamidated betaB1 than deamidated betaB1 or truncated betaB1. CONCLUSIONS: Deamidation and truncation of betaB1 led to destabilization of the protein and decreased stability to heat. Decreased stability of lens crystallins may contribute to their insolubilization and cataract formation. (+info)

Quantification of chick lens alphaA- and delta-crystallins in experimentally induced ametropia. (2/136)

PURPOSE: The role of the lens in experimentally induced ametropia is not known. A recent study of the chick lens demonstrated optical quality deterioration with the induction of refractive errors, without alteration in lens morphology, size or shape. A change in lens gradient of refractive index (which is dependent on alpha-, beta-, and delta-crystallin concentration and arrangement), could underlie this observation. The purpose of this work was to quantify the concentrations of alphaA- and delta-crystallin in lenses from chick eyes with induced high myopia or hyperopia. METHODS: White Leghorn chicks were unilaterally fitted on the day of hatching either with translucent plastic goggles to induce form-deprivation myopia (n=21) or with +15 D defocus goggles to induce hyperopia (n=14). The ungoggled contralateral eyes were used as controls. The chicks were refracted twice, once on the day of hatching and again seven days later, using streak retinoscopy. On day 7 chicks were sacrificed, lenses decapsulated, and soluble proteins were isolated. Western blot assays were optimized and used to assess crystallin concentration. RESULTS: Analysis revealed no significant difference in alphaA- or delta-crystallin concentration in lenses from eyes induced with form-deprivation myopia and hyperopia as compared to their respective control eyes. Analysis of the difference in medians of delta-crystallin between the control and treated groups of the myopia and hyperopia experiments revealed significance (p=0.030). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that with the induction of ametropia, the increased lens spherical aberration previously noted is not due to a change in the absolute concentration of lens alphaA- or delta-crystallin. However, results suggest that the myopic and hyperopic treatments had different effects on lens delta-crystallin concentration. Further investigation is necessary to expand the current knowledge of the role played by the lens in experimental ametropia. (+info)

Morphological characterization of the Alpha A- and Alpha B-crystallin double knockout mouse lens. (3/136)

BACKGROUND: One approach to resolving some of the in vivo functions of alpha-crystallin is to generate animal models where one or both of the alpha-crystallin gene products have been eliminated. In the single alpha-crystallin knockout mice, the remaining alpha-crystallin may fully or partially compensate for some of the functions of the missing protein, especially in the lens, where both alpha A and alpha B are normally expressed at high levels. The purpose of this study was to characterize gross lenticular morphology in normal mice and mice with the targeted disruption of alpha A- and alpha B-crystallin genes (alpha A/BKO). METHODS: Lenses from 129SvEvTac mice and alpha A/BKO mice were examined by standard scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy methodologies. RESULTS: Equatorial and axial (sagittal) dimensions of lenses for alpha A/BKO mice were significantly smaller than age-matched wild type lenses. No posterior sutures or fiber cells extending to the posterior capsule of the lens were found in alpha A/BKO lenses. Ectopical nucleic acid staining was observed in the posterior subcapsular region of 5 wk and anterior subcapsular cortex of 54 wk alpha A/BKO lenses. Gross morphological differences were also observed in the equatorial/bow, posterior and anterior regions of lenses from alpha A/BKO mice as compared to wild mice. CONCLUSION: These results indicated that both alpha A- and alpha B-crystallin are necessary for proper fiber cell formation, and that the absence of alpha-crystallin can lead to cataract formation. (+info)

Reduced survival of lens epithelial cells in the alphaA-crystallin-knockout mouse. (4/136)

alphaA-Crystallin (alphaA) is a molecular chaperone expressed preferentially in the lens. alphaA transcripts are first detected during the early stages of lens development and its synthesis continues as the lens grows throughout life. alphaA(-/-) mouse lenses are smaller than controls, and lens epithelial cells derived from these mice have diminished growth in culture. In the current work, we tested the hypothesis thatalphaA prevents cell death at a specific stage of the cell cycle in vivo. Seven-day-old 129Sv (wild-type) and alphaA(-/-) mice were injected with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label newly synthesized DNA in proliferating cells. To follow the fate of the labeled cells, wholemounts of the capsule epithelial explants were made at successive times after the BrdU pulse, and the labeling index was determined. Immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy showed that both wild-type and alphaA(-/-) cells had a 3-hour labeling index of 4.5% in the central region of the wholemount, indicating that the number of cells in S phase was the same. Twenty-four hours after the pulse, individual cells labeled with BrdU had divided and BrdU-labeled cells were detected in pairs. The 24-hour labeling index in the wild-type lens was 8.6%, but in the alphaA(-/-) lens it was significantly lower, suggesting that some of the cells failed to divide and/or that the daughter cells died during mitosis. TUNEL labeling was rarely detected in the wild-type lens, but was significant and always detected in pairs in the alphaA(-/-) wholemounts. Dual labeling with TUNEL and BrdU also suggested that the labeled cells were dying in pairs in the alphaA(-/-) lens epithelium. Immunolabeling of wholemounts with beta-tubulin antibodies indicated that the anaphase spindle in a significant proportion of alphaA(-/-) cells was not well organized. Examination of the cellular distribution of alphaA in cultured lens epithelial cells showed that it was concentrated in the intercellular microtubules of cells undergoing cytokinesis. These data suggest that alphaA expression in vivo protects against cell death during mitosis in the lens epithelium, and the smaller size of the alphaA(-/-) lens may be due to a decrease in the net production of epithelial cells. (+info)

Alteration of protein-protein interactions of congenital cataract crystallin mutants. (5/136)

PURPOSE: A recent study demonstrated the presence of protein-protein interactions among lens crystallins in a mammalian cell two-hybrid system assay and speculated about the significance of these interactions for protein solubility and lens transparency. The current study extends those findings to the following crystallin genes involved in some congenital cataracts: CRYAA (R116C), CRYAB (R120G), and CRYGC (T5P). METHODS: A mammalian two-hybrid system was used to assay the protein-protein interactions. Congenital cataract crystallin genes were cloned and fused into the two-hybrid system vectors (target and prey proteins). Together, with the third vector containing a reporter gene, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), they were cotransfected into human HeLa cells. The presence of protein-protein interactions and the strength of these interactions were assayed by CAT ELISA. RESULTS: The pattern of changes in protein-protein interactions of those congenital cataract gene products with the three major crystallins, alphaA- or alphaB-, betaB2-, and gammaC-crystallins, differed. For the T5P gammaC-crystallin, most of the interactions were decreased; for the R116C alphaA-crystallin, the interactions with betaB2- and gammaC-crystallin decreased and those with alphaB-crystallin and heat-shock protein (Hsp)27 increased; and for the R120G alphaB-crystallin, the interactions with alphaA- and alphaB-crystallin decreased, but those with betaB2- and gammaC-crystallin increased slightly. An attempt was made to interpret the results on the basis of conformational change and disruption of dimeric interaction involving beta-strands. CONCLUSIONS: The results clearly indicate that crystallin mutations involved in congenital cataracts altered protein-protein interactions, which may contribute to decreased protein solubility and formation of cataract. (+info)

Immunological detection of D-beta-aspartate-containing protein in lens-derived cell lines. (6/136)

PURPOSE: Although the presence of biologically uncommon D-beta-aspartate (D-beta-Asp) in lens protein is thought to be related to aging, we recently found this isomer in lens alphaA-crystallin from human newborns. The objective of this study was to examine whether D-beta-Asp occurs in protein from lens-derived cell lines. METHODS: We examined the expression of D-beta-Asp-containing protein in the lens-derived cell lines alphaTN4-1 and N/N1003A, by western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis using a polyclonal antibody against Gly-Leu-D-beta-Asp-Ala-Thr-Gly-Leu-D-beta-Asp-Ala-Thr-Gly-Leu-D-beta-Asp-Ala-Thr (peptide 3R), which corresponds to three repeats of positions 149-153 in human alphaA-crystallin. The anti-peptide 3R antibody, prepared in a previous study, is a useful tool for investigating D-beta-Asp-containing peptides. RESULTS: Western immunoblot and immunoprecipitation analysis showed that a 50 kDa protein in N/N1003A cells was strongly immunoreactive with the anti-peptide 3R antibody. Antibodies against alphaA- and alphaB-crystallin also stained this protein. On the other hand, the alphaTN4-1 cell line only expressed proteins of about 20 kDa, which also reacted to antibodies against alphaA-crystallin and alphaB-crystallin. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the N/N1003A cell line expressed a 50 kDa D-beta-Asp-containing protein, which may share a common amino acid sequence with alphaA- and alphaB-crystallin. (+info)

Induction of the differentiation of lentoids from primate embryonic stem cells. (7/136)

PURPOSE: To produce lens cells from primate embryonic stem (ES) cells in a reproducible, controlled manner. METHODS: Cynomologus monkey ES cells were induced to differentiate by stromal cell-derived inducing activity (SDIA). The lentoids produced by this treatment were processed for immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analysis. The effect of varying the concentration of fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and the density of the ES colonies plated during the differentiation process were also examined. RESULTS: After a 2- to 3-week induction period, lentoids were produced by a subpopulation of ES colonies. Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry revealed that these lentoids expressed alphaA-crystallin and Pax6. The number of lentoids resulting from treatment increased with increasing FGF-2 concentration and plated colony density. CONCLUSIONS: The differentiation of primate ES cells into lentoids can be achieved by treatment with SIDA. ES cells can be used to facilitate a greater understanding of the mechanisms functioning in differentiation in vivo and in vitro. (+info)

Pathogenesis of axonal dystrophy and demyelination in alphaA-crystallin-expressing transgenic mice. (8/136)

We recently described a transgenic mouse strain overexpressing hamster alphaA-crystallin, a small heat shock protein, under direction of the hamster vimentin promoter. As a result myelin was degraded and axonal dystrophy in both central nervous system (especially spinal cord) and peripheral nervous system occurred. Homozygous transgenic mice developed hind limb paralysis after 8 weeks of age and displayed progressive loss of myelin and axonal dystrophy in both the central and peripheral nervous system with ongoing age. Pathologically the phenotype resembled, to a certain extent, neuroaxonal dystrophy. The biochemical findings presented in this paper (activity of the enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and transglutamase, myelin protein zero expression levels and blood sugar levels) confirm this pathology and exclude other putative pathologies like Amyothrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathy. Consequently, an excessive cytoplasmic accumulation of the transgenic protein or a disturbance of the normal metabolism are considered to cause the observed neuropathology. Therefore, extra-ocular alphaA-crystallin-expressing transgenic mice may serve as a useful animal model to study neuroaxonal dystrophy. (+info)

Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene. Crystallins are separated into two classes: ... Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. Alpha crystallins ... Alpha-A and alpha-B gene products are differentially expressed; alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is ... the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Two additional functions of alpha crystallins are an ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYAA

... the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. Alpha B chain crystallins (αBC) can be induced by heat shock, ... Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. These ... Alpha-A and alpha-B gene products are differentially expressed; alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is ... Alpha-crystallin B chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAB gene. It is part of the small heat shock protein ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYAB

... alpha-crystallin a chain MeSH D12.776.306.366.100.300 - alpha-crystallin b chain MeSH D12.776.306.366.300.100 - beta-crystallin ... beta-crystallin b chain MeSH D12.776.331.199.750.500 - succinate dehydrogenase MeSH D12.776.377.715.085.050 - alpha 1- ... immunoglobulin heavy chains MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.705.500.350 - immunoglobulin alpha-chains MeSH D12.776.377.715.548.705. ... cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase MeSH D12.776.422.220.453.915.212 - cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme MeSH D12.776.422.220. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D12.776)

Mammalian lens crystallins are divided into alpha, beta, and gamma families; beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as ... "Autosomal dominant cerulean cataract is associated with a chain termination mutation in the human beta-crystallin gene CRYBB2 ... Alpha and beta families are further divided into acidic and basic groups. Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four ... Beta-crystallin B2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYBB2 gene. Crystallins are separated into two classes: taxon ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYBB2

... heavy chain 14 ECM1 (1q21) EDEM3: ER degradation enhancing alpha-mannosidase like protein 3 EGLN1 (1q42) ENAH (1q42) ESRRG ( ... Crystallin zeta CYP4B1 (1p33) CYR61 (1p22) DBT: dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 DCLRE1B: DNA cross-link repair ... 2-alpha-mannosidase IB MEAF6: MYST/ESA1 associated factor 6 MECR: Trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase, mitochondrial MFAP2: ... C-4 to C-12 straight chain ACTL8: Actin-like 8 ADGRL2 (1p31.1): adhesion G protein-coupled receptor L2 ADPRHL2: Poly(ADP-ribose ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_1

... rho crystallin, and many others. All possess a similar structure, with a beta-alpha-beta fold characteristic of nucleotide ... Some proteins of this family contain a potassium channel beta chain regulatory domain; these are reported to have ... The fold comprises a parallel beta-8/alpha-8-barrel, which contains a novel NADP-binding motif. The binding site is located in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldo-keto_reductase

DNAH14 encoding protein Dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 14. *ECM1 (1q21). *EDEM3: ER degradation enhancing alpha-mannosidase like ... COL11A1: collagen, type XI, alpha 1. *CPT2: carnitine palmitoyltransferase II. *CRYZ: Crystallin zeta ... ACADM: acyl-Coenzyme A dehydrogenase, C-4 to C-12 straight chain ... DBT: dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2. *DCLRE1B ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_1

Bsibsi M, Holtman IR, Gerritsen WH, Eggen BJ, Boddeke E, van der Valk P, van Noort JM, Amor S (2013). "Alpha-B-Crystallin ... free light chains (FLC). Several authors have reported that they are comparable or even better than oligoclonal bands. Multiple ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_multiple_sclerosis

... alpha 1 Collagen, type XIX, alpha 1 Collagen, type XXV, alpha 1 Collagen, type XXVII, alpha 1 Crystallin, beta A1 Cyclic ... DP alpha 1 Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 Myosin light chain A1, an actin-binding protein NADH ... alpha 1 collagen, type II, alpha 1 Collagen, type III, alpha 1 Collagen, type IV, alpha 1 Collagen, type V, alpha 1 Collagen, ... type VI, alpha 1 Collagen, type VII, alpha 1 Collagen, type VIII, alpha 1 Collagen, type IX, alpha 1 Collagen, type X, alpha 1 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_A1_genes,_proteins_or_receptors

Shum WK, Maleknia SD, Downard KM (September 2005). "Onset of oxidative damage in alpha-crystallin by radical probe mass ... The rate or level of oxidation at the reactive amino acid side chains (Met, Cys, Trp, Tyr, Phe, His, Pro and Leu) provides a ... The mechanisms of side chain oxidation were explored by performing the radiolysis reactions in 18O-labeled water. A critical ... Downard KM, Kokabu Y, Ikeguchi M, Akashi S (November 2011). "Homology-modelled structure of the βB2B3-crystallin heterodimer ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein_footprinting

The N-terminal domain I (aa ~1-195) contains attachment sites for HS chains. Although HS chains are not required for correct ... To this end, a transgenic mouse line was created expressing porcine TGF-β1 under the lens-specific αA-crystallin promoter and ... In a mouse model of Alzheimer's plaque formation, IL-1-alpha effects an increase in perlecan expression in response to brain ... Domain V also has attachment sites for HS/CS chains. Thus, perlecan core protein and HS chains could modulate matrix assembly, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlecan

The cause is lens hardening by decreasing levels of alpha-crystallin, a process which may be sped up by higher temperatures. ... The authors propose that mtDNA mutations lead to respiratory-chain-deficient cells and thence to apoptosis and cell loss. They ... the Growth hormone/Insulin-like growth factor 1 signalling pathway the activity levels of the electron transport chain in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ageing

COL11A1 collagen type XI alpha 1 chain [ Homo sapiens (human) ]». Gene. NCBI. 6. juni 2017. Henta 26. juni 2017.. ... CRYZ crystallin zeta [ Homo sapiens (human) ]». Gene. NCBI. 4. juni 2017. Henta 26. juni 2017.. ... MAN1A2 mannosidase alpha class 1A member 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]». Gene. NCBI. 6. juni 2017. Henta 26. juni 2017.. ... DBT dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]». Gene. NCBI. 6. juni 2017. Henta 26. juni 2017.. ...

https://nn.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humant_kromosom_1

The propeptide region has an open-sandwich antiparallel-alpha/antiparallel-beta fold, with two alpha-helices and four beta- ... is a double-chain inhibitor consisting of an 11-residue and a 41-residue chain. The Carboxypeptidase inhibitor I68 family ... The yeast killer toxin structure was thought to be a precursor of the two-domain beta gamma-crystallin proteins, because of its ... It forms an alpha-helical domain that runs through the substrate-binding site, preventing access. Removal of this region by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protease_inhibitor_(biology)

Also in the 1970s, physicists Tanaka & Benedek at MIT identified phase-separation behaviour of gamma-crystallin proteins from ... chains linked by covalent bonds), which he termed 'macromolecules' to distinguish them from colloidal clusters of lower ... Robert Corey and Herman Branson correctly proposed the alpha helix and beta sheet as the primary structural motifs in protein ... "Configurations of Polypeptide Chains With Favored Orientations Around Single Bonds: Two New Pleated Sheets". Proceedings of the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomolecular_condensate

The translation of reticulocyte 9S RNA in frog oocytes gives rise to alpha and beta globin chains. Communication to FEBS ... Berns, A. J. M.; Kraaikamp, M. Van; Bloemendal, H.; Lane, C. D. (1972). "Calf Crystallin Synthesis in Frog Cells: The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Daniel_Lane

Domain 2 contains one small beta sheet, nine alpha helices, and the carboxyl terminus. Three of the nine alpha helices on one ... δ-crystallins are the major structural eye lens water-soluble proteins of most birds, reptiles, and some other vertebrates. ... ASL is composed of four identical monomers; each monomer consisting of a single polypeptide chain between 49 and 52 kDa, ... Two dimers then associate by way of alpha helix, one from each monomer, to form a central 20-helix core. The association of all ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argininosuccinate_lyase

Silva, R.A.G.D., *Nguyen, J.Y., and Decatur, S.M. (2002) "Probing the Effects of Side Chains on the Conformation and Stability ... "Formation of Amyloid Fibrils in Vitro by Human γd-crystallin and its Isolated Domains," Molecular Vision 14:81-89. Decatur, S.M ... "Two dimensional infrared measurements of the coupling of the amide modes of an alpha helix," Chemical Physics Letters 382: 586- ... "Twodimensional IR Spectroscopy and Segmental 13C Labeling reveals the Domain Structure of Human γδ-crystallin amyloid fibrils ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sean_M._Decatur

These compounds are thought to act as bidentate nucleophiles that attack the adjacent carbonyls in the alpha-dicarbonyl ... and crystallin of the eyes. Covalent protein cross-links irreversibly link proteins together in the ECM of tissues. Glucosepane ... This then condenses with the arginine side chain to yield glucosepane in nucleophilic addition-elimination reactions of the ... such as collagen in the skin and crystallin in the eyes. Skin collagen, for instance, has a half-life of fifteen years. Because ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucosepane

Once a protein has been tagged with one ubiquitin molecule, additional rounds of ubiquitination form a polyubiquitin chain that ... Alpha crystallin. *Clusterin. *Survival of motor neuron *SMN1. *SMN2. Protein targeting. *Signal peptide ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubiquitin-conjugating_enzyme

... cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme MeSH D08.244.453.915.400 - 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 1-alpha-hydroxylase MeSH D08.244.453.915 ... delta-crystallins MeSH D08.811.520.232.400 - ammonia-lyases MeSH D08.811.520.232.400.200 - aspartate ammonia-lyase MeSH D08.811 ... cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170.915.400 - 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 1-alpha-hydroxylase MeSH ... cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.783.212 - cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme MeSH D08.811.682.690. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D08)

... and aspartate side-chains, with a glutamate side-chain playing a secondary role. These side-chains, to be specific Arg359, ... and Asp477 forms hydrogen bonds with the alpha hydroxyl group on the substrate, where it works to effectively bind the ... in the mammalian cornea by the stromal keratocytes and epithelial cells and is reputed to be one of the corneal crystallins. ... To be specific, the His 263 and His30 side-chains form hydrogen bonds to the aldehyde end of the substrate, which is deepest ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transketolase

... alpha and gamma-endorphin, bombesin Thyroid gland cells Thyroid epithelial cell Parafollicular cell Parathyroid gland cells ... Intermediate skeletal muscle cell Nuclear bag cell of muscle spindle Nuclear chain cell of muscle spindle Myosatellite cell ( ... Medium spiny neurons Astrocytes Oligodendrocytes Ependymal cells Tanycytes Pituicytes Anterior lens epithelial cell Crystallin- ... Parathyroid chief cell Oxyphil cell Pancreatic islets (islets of Langerhans) Alpha cell (secretes glucagon) Beta cell (secretes ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_distinct_cell_types_in_the_adult_human_body

C-terminal domain - rich in alpha helical structure acts as a 'lid' for the substrate binding domain. The helical subdomain ... When ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP the binding pocket of Hsp70 closes, tightly binding the now-trapped peptide chain. Further ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hsp70

Ecroyd H, Carver JA (January 2009). "Crystallin proteins and amyloid fibrils". Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences. 66 (1): 62 ... Badar T, D'Souza A, Hari P (2018). "Recent advances in understanding and treating immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis". ... "Inclusion formation and neuronal cell death through neuron-to-neuron transmission of alpha-synuclein". Proceedings of the ... In immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis (AL amyloidosis), chemotherapy can be used to lower the number of the blood cells ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proteopathy

Chen D, Li M, Luo J, Gu W (April 2003). "Direct interactions between HIF-1 alpha and Mdm2 modulate p53 function". The Journal ... Bálint E, Bates S, Vousden KH (July 1999). "Mdm2 binds p73 alpha without targeting degradation". Oncogene. 18 (27): 3923-9. doi ... Long-chain-fatty-acid-CoA ligase. 6.3: Carbon-Nitrogen. *Glutamine synthetase. *Ubiquitin ligase *Cullin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mdm2

"Monitoring the prevention of amyloid fibril formation by alpha-crystallin. Temperature dependence and the nature of the ... Oligomerization is a chemical process that converts individual molecules into a chain consisting of a finite number of ... Intra-cellular deposits of tau protein are also seen in the disease, and may also be implicated, as has aggregation of alpha ... leading to a chain reaction akin to a prion infection. The oligomers are toxic to nerve cells. The other protein implicated in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amyloid_beta

The PDB archive contains information about experimentally-determined structures of proteins, nucleic acids, and complex assemblies. As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/protein/P02510

... help/chain target=_top>More...,/a>,/p>ChainiPRO_0000125906. 1 - 175. Alpha-crystallin B chainAdd BLAST. 175. ... IPR037882, ACD_alphaB-crystallin. IPR001436, Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal. IPR003090, Alpha-crystallin_N. IPR008978, HSP20- ... IPR037882, ACD_alphaB-crystallin. IPR001436, Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal. IPR003090, Alpha-crystallin_N. IPR008978, HSP20- ... "The amino-acids sequence of the alphaB2 chain of bovine alpha-crystallin.". van der Ouderaa F.J., de Jong W.W., Hilderink A., ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02510

Alpha-crystallin A2 chainAdd BLAST. 173. ChainiPRO_0000444508. 1 - 172. Alpha-crystallin A2(1-172)By similarity. ,p>Manually ... IPR002068, A-crystallin/Hsp20_dom. IPR001436, Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal. IPR012274, Alpha-crystallin_A. IPR003090, Alpha ... IPR002068, A-crystallin/Hsp20_dom. IPR001436, Alpha-crystallin/sHSP_animal. IPR012274, Alpha-crystallin_A. IPR003090, Alpha ... Chain Alpha-crystallin A2 chain:. Molecular mass is 20029 Da. Determined by ESI. With 1 phosphate group.1 Publication. Manual ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A140G945

What is alpha crystallin B chain? Meaning of alpha crystallin B chain medical term. What does alpha crystallin B chain mean? ... Looking for online definition of alpha crystallin B chain in the Medical Dictionary? alpha crystallin B chain explanation free ... redirected from alpha crystallin B chain) CRYAB. A gene on chromosome 11q22.3-q23.1 that encodes alpha crystallin B, a protein ... Alpha crystallin B chain , definition of alpha crystallin B chain by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary. ...

http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/alpha+crystallin+B+chain

Background Mutations in αB-crystallin result in proteotoxic cardiomyopathy with desmin mislocalization to protein aggregates. ... alpha-Crystallin B Chain / genetics* * alpha-Crystallin B Chain / metabolism Substances * Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper ... Methods and Results Mice overexpressing the R120G mutant of αB-crystallin in cardiomyocytes ( Myh6-Cry ABR 120G) were subjected ... Cry ABR 120G-expressing hearts demonstrated increased interaction of desmin with αB-crystallin and reduced interaction with ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30773991/

Rabbit polyclonal Alpha B Crystallin (phospho S19) antibody validated for WB, IHC, ICC/IF and tested in Human, Mouse and Rat. ... Alpha crystallin B chain antibody. *Alpha(B)-crystallin antibody. *Alpha-crystallin B chain antibody ... Lane 1 : phospho-alpha-B crystallin (Ser19). Lane 2 : unphosphorylated alpha-B crystallin. Observed band size : 20 kDa (why is ... Anti-Alpha B Crystallin (phospho S19) antibody. See all Alpha B Crystallin primary antibodies. ...

http://www.abcam.com/alpha-B-Crystallin-phospho-S19-antibody-ab5597.html

Rabbit polyclonal alpha A Crystallin/CRYAA antibody. Validated in WB, IHC, BL, sELISA and tested in Mouse, Rat, Cow. Cited in ... O-glycosylated; contains N-acetylglucosamine side chains.. Deamidation of Asn-101 in lens occurs mostly during the first 30 ... Alpha-crystallin is the largest of the crystallins and is composed of 2 primary gene products--alpha-A and alpha-B. There are ... Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1991 v1080 p173-180) describes the alpha-A crystallin and how it is split into alpha-A1 and alpha ...

https://www.abcam.com/alpha-a-crystallincryaa-antibody-ab5595.html

Mouse Monoclonal Anti-AlphaA Crystallin/CRYAA Antibody (1H3.B8). Validated: WB, ELISA, IB, ICC/IF. Tested Reactivity: Human. ... crystallin, alpha A. *Heat shock protein beta-4. *HSPB4. *HSPB4alpha-crystallin A chain ... Does not cross-react with aB-crystallin, Beta L-crystallin, BH- crystallin, gamma-crystallin, HSP25, HSP27 or HSP47 proteins. ... analysis of Bovine tissue lysate showing detection of Alpha A Crystallin protein using Mouse Anti-Alpha A Crystallin Monoclonal ...

https://www.novusbio.com/products/alphaa-crystallin-cryaa-antibody-1h3b8_nbp2-12875

PREDICTED: alpha-crystallin B chain isoform X1 [Mus musculus]. 175 aa protein ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein?LinkName=pubmed_protein_refseq&from_uid=23242137

L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain; CRYAB: Alpha-crystallin B chain; YBX1: Nuclease-sensitive element-binding protein 1; PRKDC: ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31231467

... alpha A (CRYAA) Protein (His tag). Species: Sheep (Ovine). Source: Yeast. Order product ABIN1630960. ... Crystallin, alpha A (CRYAA) Background Recommended name: Alpha-crystallin A chain Cleaved into the following chain: 1.. Alpha- ... Crystallin, alpha A (CRYAA) (AA 1-173) protein (His tag) Crystallin, alpha A (CRYAA) (AA 1-173) protein (His tag). Details for ... alpha-crystallin A chain-like * crystallin alpha A S homeolog * alpha-crystallin A chain ...

https://www.antibodies-online.com/protein/1630960/Crystallin,+alpha+A+CRYAA+AA+1-173+protein+His+tag/

We identified a previously reported oligomerization disrupting mutation, c.62G > A (p.R21Q), in the Crystallin alpha A (CRYAA) ... The work strengthens the genotype-phenotype correlations between this functional mutation in the crystallin alpha A (CRYAA) ... PCR (polymerase chain reaction) primers to amplify coding and untranslated regions of the 51 genes were designed with the Ion ... Andley UP, Song Z, Wawrousek EF, Fleming TP, Bassnett S. Differential protective activity of alpha A- and alpha B-crystallin in ...

https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-016-1890-0

alpha-Crystallin B Chain / genetics * alpha-Crystallin B Chain / physiology Substances * Antioxidants ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22938199/

Recombinant Protein and Alpha-crystallin Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are ... Alpha-crystallin A chain. Alpha-crystallin A chain ELISA Kit. Alpha-crystallin A chain Recombinant. Alpha-crystallin A chain ... Alpha-crystallin B chain. Alpha-crystallin B chain ELISA Kit. Alpha-crystallin B chain Recombinant. Alpha-crystallin B chain ... Alpha-crystallin. Alpha-crystallin ELISA Kit. Alpha-crystallin Recombinant. Alpha-crystallin Antibody. Also known as Alpha- ...

https://www.mybiosource.com/protein_family.php?root=alpha-crystallin

alpha-Crystallin B Chain - physiology. -. dc.title. Identification of tumor suppressive activity by irradiation microcell- ... The association of alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB), a gene identified as being differentially expressed by gene profiling of NPC and ... The association of alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB), a gene identified as being differentially expressed by gene profiling of NPC and ... Alpha B-crystallin (CRYAB). Chromosome 11q. Irradiation microcell-mediated chromosome transfer. Microcell hybrid. ...

http://hub.hku.hk/handle/10722/58245

Alpha-crystallin A chain Show on y-axis - References (HTP + LTP). References (LTP). References (HTP). ...

https://www.phosphosite.org/proteinAction.action?id=5660&showAllSites=true

crystallin alpha A. LOC102724652 43169.041. 21p12. alpha-crystallin A chain. LINC00322 43322.209. 21q22.3. long intergenic non- ... collagen type VI alpha 1 chain. COL6A2 46098.119. 21q22.3. collagen type VI alpha 2 chain. ...

http://atlasgeneticsoncology.org/Indexbychrom/idxg_21.html

McKenna, M. C. (1992). The alpha crystallin A chain of the eye lens and mammalian phylogeny. Ann. Zool. Fenn. 28: 349-360. ...

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1020538313412

The maximal expression of the molecular chaperone, alpha crystallin B chain, occurs during the secretory phase. In view of ... and alpha crystallin B chain. The expression of Hsp27, Hsp60, and the constitutive form of Hsp70 (Hsc70) shows a sharp increase ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/idog/1999/404213/abs/

Tandem mass spectrometry was applied both to ions of a tryptic fragment and intact protein of bovine alpha-crystallin A chain ... The [M + 19H](19+) to [M + 11H](11+) charge states of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated bovine alpha-crystallin A chain ... A tryptic digest of the bovine alpha-crystallin A chain yielded a phosphopeptide containing one missed cleavage site. The ... Bovine alpha-crystallin A chain ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Hogan, J. M., Pitteri, S. J., McLuckey, S. A. 2003; 75 (23): 6509-6516 ...

https://med.stanford.edu/profiles/sharon-pitteri?tab=research-and-scholarship

Publications] Iwaki, A. Iwaki, T., Goldman, J. E., Liem, R. K. H.: Multiple mRNAs of rat brain alpha-crystallin B-chain result ... Thus, the accumulation of Alpha B-crystallin appears to be part of the repertoire of reactive processes of CNS glial cells and ... Publications] Iwaki,A.: Multiple mRNAs of rat brain α-crystallin B-chain result from alternative transcriptional initiation. ... Publications] Iwaki,T.: Immunohistochemical demonstration of alpha B-crystallin in hamartomas of tuberous sclerosis. Am.J. ...

https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02670154/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYAA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRYAB

2470619 - Alpha b-crystallin is expressed in kidney epithelial cell lines and not in fibroblasts.. ... 18987199 - Glial chain migration requires pioneer cells.. 22775509 - Influence of stem-cell cycle time on accelerated re- ...

http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Cell-alterations-in-glial-morphology/20877389.html

Rat A crystallin A Monoclonal Antibody (Clone c9F2)-NP_000385 (MBS200007) product datasheet at MyBioSource, Primary Antibodies ... Alpha-crystallin A chain; Heat shock protein beta 4; Acry-1; Alpha crystallin A chain; CRYA 1; CRYA1; CRYAA; Crystallin Alpha 1 ... Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. Alpha crystallins ... This antibody is not shown cross-activity about Crystallin alpha B. A : Crystallin-alpha A recombinant protein B : Crystallin- ...

https://www.mybiosource.com/prods/Antibody/Monoclonal/A-crystallin-A/CRYAA/datasheet.php?products_id=200007&cacheID=db6a5b8d5cb6f44fcd873b93ecd863ba&att=46

SDS-PAGE analysis of UV-A-exposed and unexposed WT αB-crystallin and its three deamidated mutant species. After UV-A-exposure ... alpha-Crystallin B Chain/chemistry*/isolation & purification/metabolism*. Minor. *Amino Acid Sequence ... The WT alphaB-crystallin and its three deamidated species were exposed to UV-A light (320-400 nm) at intensities of 20 or 50 J/ ... The WT alphaB-crystallin and its three deamidated species were exposed to UV-A light (320-400 nm) at intensities of 20 or 50 J/ ...

https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2255029_mv-v14-234-f1&req=4

Hsp90s such as 1am1, Hsp100s and small heat shock proteins like (alpha)-crystallin proteins. Various classes of molecular ... chaperones cooperate for the folding of the nascent polypeptide chains in the cyotplasm [1]. See also Heat Shock Proteins. ...

https://proteopedia.org/wiki/index.php/Chaperones

... myoglobins and alpha-crystallins (a and b chains) on the y axis and the various organisms in phylogenetic order on X axis ... In fact, myoglobins and alpha-crystallins are composed by "alpha-helices" (all-alpha class) and "beta-strands" (all-beta class ... In details, we have evaluated the GC content in sirtuins, myoglobins and alpha-crystallins and plotted the value of GC content ... We have chosen to compare sirtuin sequences with those of myoglobins and alpha-crystallins; firstly because these are well ...

https://bmcevolbiol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2148-13-60

Intracellular degradation of alpha-crystallin: fractionation and characterization of degraded alpha A-chains. Eur J Biochem. ... Human alpha-crystallin. I: the isolation and characterization of newly synthesized alpha-crystallin. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. ... de Jong WW, Terwindt EC, Bloemendal H. The amino acid sequence of the A chain of human alpha-crystallin. FEBS Lett. 1975;58:310 ... Kamei A, Iwase H, Masuda K. Cleavage of amino acid residue(s) from the N-terminal region of alpha A- and alpha B-crystallins in ...

http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2123366

The KO and KOTg samples were devoid of αB-crystallin as expected. WT samples showed higher amounts of αB-crystallin than WTTg ... The KO and KOTg samples were devoid of αB-crystallin as expected. WT samples showed higher amounts of αB-crystallin than WTTg ... We hypothesized that αB-crystallin protects cells against Aβ toxicity. To test this, we crossed αB-crystallin/HspB2 deficient ( ... We hypothesized that αB-crystallin protects cells against Aβ toxicity. To test this, we crossed αB-crystallin/HspB2 deficient ( ...

https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3040748_pone.0016550.g002&req=4

A gene on chromosome 11q22.3-q23.1 that encodes alpha crystallin B, a protein induced by heat shock that belongs to the small heat shock protein (sHSP, or HSP20) family. (thefreedictionary.com)
Background Mutations in αB-crystallin result in proteotoxic cardiomyopathy with desmin mislocalization to protein aggregates. (nih.gov)
Methods and Results Mice overexpressing the R120G mutant of αB-crystallin in cardiomyocytes ( Myh6-Cry ABR 120G) were subjected to IF or ad-lib feeding, or transduced with adeno-associated virus- TFEB or adeno-associated virus-green fluorescent protein after development of advanced proteotoxic cardiomyopathy. (nih.gov)
Cry ABR 120G-expressing hearts demonstrated increased interaction of desmin with αB-crystallin and reduced interaction with chaperone protein, HSPB 8, compared with wild type, which was reversed by both IF and TFEB transduction. (nih.gov)
Alpha-Crystallin comprises 40% of total lens protein composition. (abcam.com)
It is believed that the phosphorylated states of the alpha-crystallin occur in response to cellular stress and may serve a structural control function and play a role in protein maintenance. (abcam.com)
AlphaB-crystallin, a major lens protein, is found in the central nervous system (CNS) and is a major protein component of Rosenthal fibers (RF), intracytoplasmic inclusions within astrocytes. (nii.ac.jp)
Sequencing of the promoter and coding regions of the alphaB-crystallin genes in two patients revealed them to be of normal sequence, suggesting the accumulation of alphaB-crystallin in those brains is not due to any abnormality of the primary structure of the protein. (nii.ac.jp)
Publications] Tomokane,N.: 'Rosenthal fibers share epitopes with αB-crystallin,glial fibrillary acidic protein,and ubiquitin,but not with vimentin.Immunoelectron microscopy with colloidal gold. (nii.ac.jp)
Alpha-crystallin A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CRYAA gene. (wikipedia.org)
Seven protein regions exist in crystallins: four homologous motifs, a connecting peptide, and N- and C-terminal extensions. (wikipedia.org)
Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP also known as the HSP20) family. (wikipedia.org)
alpha-crystallins, a major protein of the ocular lens, are thought to play a role in maintaining lens transparency, which are composed of two gene products alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. (mybiosource.com)
This antibody is not shown cross-activity about Crystallin alpha B. A : Crystallin-alpha A recombinant protein B : Crystallin-alpha B recombinant protein C : Mouse eye lysates The Cell lysates (5ug) were resolved by SDS-PAGE, transferred to PVDF membrane and probed with anti-human Crystallin alpha A antibody (1:3000). (mybiosource.com)
Alpha crystallins can be induced by heat shock and are members of the small heat shock protein (HSP20) family. (mybiosource.com)
Far-UV CD spectral analyses showed almost no changes among WT and deamidated species on UV-A-exposure except that the alphaB-Asn146Asp mutant protein showed maximum changes in the random coil structure relative to WT alphaB-crystallin and two other deamidated proteins. (nih.gov)
Molecular chaperones protect cells from the deleterious effects of protein misfolding and aggregation.We observed that the overall content of αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein molecular chaperone, decreased in AD model mice in an age-dependent manner.Our results highlight a synergistic effect of combining chaperone deficiency in a transgenic mouse model for AD underscoring an important role for chaperones in protein misfolding diseases. (nih.gov)
We observed that the overall content of αB-crystallin, a small heat shock protein molecular chaperone, decreased in AD model mice in an age-dependent manner. (nih.gov)
To test this, we crossed αB-crystallin/HspB2 deficient (CRYAB⁻/⁻HSPB2⁻/⁻) mice with AD model transgenic mice expressing mutant human amyloid precursor protein. (nih.gov)
These findings demonstrate that the role of α-crystallins in lens development is conserved from mammals to zebrafish and set the stage for using the embryonic lens as a model system to test mechanistic aspects of α-crystallin chaperone activity and to develop strategies to fine-tune protein-protein interactions in aging and cataracts. (zfin.org)
A missense mutation in alpha B-crystallin that changes proline 20 to an arginine leads to diminished anti-apoptotic activity compared with the native protein. (antibodies-online.com)
The αA-Y118D protein prevented nonspecific protein aggregation more effectively than wild-type αA-crystallin. (arvojournals.org)
Alpha-crystallin is the major protein of vertebrate eye lens, and plays a structural role in maintaining the lens transparency and proper refractive index. (arvojournals.org)
Both αA- and αB-crystallins are members of the small heat shock protein (sHSP) family. (arvojournals.org)
Alpha B-Crystallin (CRYAB) is purported to be a metastasis suppressor protein, and lack or lower CRYAB expression is a prognostic biomarker for several types of cancer, such as that of the prostate and head and neck. (cdc.gov)
The well-characterized small heat-shock protein, αB-crystallin, acts as a molecular chaperone by interacting with unfolding proteins to prevent their aggregation and precipitation. (edu.au)
The enhanced molecular chaperone activity of immobilized αB-crystallin has potential applications in preventing protein misfolding, including against amyloid disease processes, such as dialysis-related amyloidosis, and for biodiagnostic detection of misfolded proteins. (edu.au)
Downregulated RV proteins included contractile elements: troponin T and C (-1.6 fold change), myosin regulatory light chain 2 (-1.9), cellular energetics modifier: fatty-acid binding protein (-1.5), and (3) ROS scavenger: superoxide dismutase 1 (-1.7). (stanford.edu)
In the RA, 22 proteins spots were altered including the following downregulated proteins contractile elements: tropomyosin 1 alpha chain (-1.9), cellular energetic proteins: ATP synthase (-1.5), fatty-acid binding protein (-2.5), and (3) polyubiquitin (-3.5). (stanford.edu)
Protection by αΒ-crystallin overexpression is linked to maintenance of proper mitochondrial protein levels, inhibition of abnormal mitochondrial permeability transition pore activation and maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ m ). (biologists.org)
Mouse anti Human alpha B crystallin antibody recognizes alpha B crystallin, also known as heat shock protein beta-5, heat-shock 20 kD like-protein and renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-27, rosenthal fiber component. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
This orchestrated set of changes included proteins involved in cytoskeletal reorganization (caldesmon, calponin, alpha B-crystallin, stathmin, collapsing response mediator protein-2), cell adhesion (vinculin, galectin-1), signal transduction (RACK-1) and astrocyte differentiation (glutamine synthetase). (elsevier.com)
Two protein bands of 19-20 kDa were identified as A-crystallins on 1-D immunoblots and these bands separated into 10 discrete spots on 2-D immunoblot. (bvsalud.org)
ABSTRACT alphaB- crystallin is a member of the sHSP (Small heat shock protein ) family , which plays an impor tant role in multiple neurodegeneration diseases . (bvsalud.org)
5. The method for identification of the morbidity of epithelial ovarian cancer based on a tissue-type according to claim 3, wherein the protein E(+) specifically showing an upregulation in expression only in Endometrioid Carcinoma type is selected from the group consisting ofASRGL1 protein, andParvalbumin alpha. (patentsencyclopedia.com)
Nuclear staining for the small heat shock protein alphaB-crystallin colocalizes with splicing factor SC35. (ru.nl)
A method for expressing proteins as a fusion chimera with a domain of p26 or alpha crystallin type proteins to improve the protein stability and solubility when over expressed in bacteria such as E. coli is provided. (google.com)
Genes of interest are cloned into the multiple cloning site of the Vector System just downstream of the p26 or alpha crystallin type protein and a thrombin cleavage site. (google.com)
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the alpha-A-crystallin protein is a bovine alpha-A-crystallin protein. (google.com)
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the alpha-A-crystallin protein has an ability to inhibit protease. (google.com)
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the resin material coupled to the alpha-A-crystallin protein is cyanogen bromide activated sepharose. (google.com)
12. A method of preparing device according to claim 1 , comprising the steps of a) mixing an alpha-A-crystallin protein with a buffer to form a coupling buffer mixture, and b) contacting an agarose resin with the coupling buffer mixture to form a prepared filter resin. (google.com)
16. The method of claim 12 , wherein the alpha-A-crystalline protein is a bovine alpha-A-crystallin protein. (google.com)
17. The method of claim 12 , wherein the alpha-A-crystalline protein has an ability to inhibit protease. (google.com)
They share characteristic homology with the $\alpha-crystallin$ protein of the mammalian eye lens as well as being ATP. (kisti.re.kr)
Wang K, Spector A (2000) $\alpha$ -Crystalline prevents irreversible protein denaturation and acts cooperatively with other heat-shock proteins to renature and stabilize partially denatured protein in an ATP-dependent manner. (kisti.re.kr)
de Jong WW, Leunissen JAM, Voorter CEM (1993) Evolution of the $\alpha$ -crystalline/small heat shock protein family. (kisti.re.kr)
Four mutations are located in the Hsp20-alpha-crystallin domain, and one mutation is in the C-terminal part of the HSP27 protein. (ox.ac.uk)

Defects in CRYAB are the cause of myofibrillar alpha-B crystallin-related (MFM-CRYAB) [MIM:608810]. (abcam.com)
To examine if decreased αB-crystallin levels were important for the manifestation of the behavioral phenotypes in the AD model mice we crossed Tg2576 mice (B6/SJL background) with wild-type (CRYAB+/+HSPB2+/+) or αB-crystallin/HspB2 knockout (CRYAB-/-HSPB2-/-) mice (129Sv background). (nih.gov)
In this hospital-based study, 1232 patients with breast cancer and an equal number of healthy controls in central Taiwan were genotyped via polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and the association of CRYAB A-1215G (rs2228387), C-802G (rs14133) and intron 2 (rs2070894) polymorphisms with breast cancer risk in a central Taiwanese population was investigated. (cdc.gov)
The coding regions of the CRYAA and CRYAB gene were amplified using polymerase chain reaction and subjected to restriction digestion. (bjbms.org)

Alpha crystallins have features of molecular chaperones, but do not renature and release proteins like true chaperones. (thefreedictionary.com)
Alpha-crystallin is the largest of the crystallins and is composed of 2 primary gene products--alpha-A and alpha-B. There are at least 5 different proteins comprising the beta-crystallins. (abcam.com)
Human endometrium expresses a molecular repertoire which includes the heat shock proteins (Hsps) Hsp27, Hsp60, Hsp70, Hsp90, and alpha crystallin B chain. (hindawi.com)
Since lens central fiber cells lose their nuclei during development, these crystallins are made and then retained throughout life, making them extremely stable proteins. (wikipedia.org)
Mouse eye extracts and recombinant proteins (Crystallin-alpha A and B) were resolved by electrophoresis, transferred to PVDF membrane and probed with anti-Crystallin alpha A (1:1000). (mybiosource.com)
To determine comparative effects of ultraviolet (UV)-A irradiation on structural and functional properties of wild type (WT) alphaB-crystallin and its three deamidated mutant proteins (alphaB-Asn78Asp, alphaB-Asn146Asp, and alphaB-Asn78/146Asp). (nih.gov)
The WT alphaB-crystallin and its three deamidated mutant proteins showed enhanced dimerization to 40 kDa species and partial degradation with increasing doses during UV-A-exposure. (nih.gov)
Similarly, UV-A-exposure altered the Trp microenvironment in the deamidated mutant proteins compared to the WT alphaB-crystallin. (nih.gov)
Hsp90s such as 1am1 , Hsp100s and small heat shock proteins like (alpha)-crystallin proteins. (proteopedia.org)
1 α-, β-, and γ-Crystallins constitute the three classes of lens crystallins and account for 90% of total lens proteins. (arvojournals.org)
2 αA-crystallin and αB-crystallin, the subunits of the oligomeric α-crystallin, are expressed in abundance in the lens and represent approximately 35% of the total lens proteins. (arvojournals.org)
α-Crystallin functions as a molecular chaperone by suppressing the unfolding of proteins 3 4 5 6 7 8 or by mediating in the refolding of unfolded proteins. (arvojournals.org)
Because the lens crystallins are the longest-lived proteins of the body with little turnover, they are an ideal system for analyzing posttranslational modifications associated with aging and evaluating the effect of these modifications on the protein's tertiary structure and subsequent cross-linking, aggregation, and insolubilization. (arvojournals.org)
ABSTRACT αA- and αB-crystallins are small heat shock proteins that bind thermodynamically destabilized proteins thereby inhibiting their aggregation. (zfin.org)
Highly expressed in the mammalian lens, the α-crystallins have been postulated to play a critical role in the maintenance of lens optical properties by sequestering age-damaged proteins prone to aggregation as well as through a multitude of roles in lens epithelial cells. (zfin.org)
16 As a molecular chaperone, α-crystallin binds to misfolded proteins and suppresses their nonspecific aggregation. (arvojournals.org)
HSPB8 is part of the superfamily of small heat-shock proteins containing a conservative alpha-crystallin domain at the C-terminal part of the molecule. (prospecbio.com)
Immobilized αB-crystallin exhibited a significant enhancement (up to 5000-fold, when compared with the equivalent activity of αB-crystallin in solution) of its chaperone activity against various proteins undergoing both amorphous and amyloid fibril forms of aggregation. (edu.au)
Crystallins are a diverse group of proteins that constitute nearly 90% of the total soluble proteins of the vertebrate eye lens and these tightly packed crystallins are responsible for transparency of the lens. (bvsalud.org)
At week two, which is marked by lens fiber differentiation genes encoding 12 crystallins and 3 lens-specific structural proteins were severely down-regulated. (molvis.org)
Although crystallins are highly conserved proteins among vertebrates, a significant number of polymorphisms exist in human population. (bjbms.org)

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence: AlphaA Crystallin/CRYAA Antibody (1H3.B8) [NBP2-12875] - Tissue: Neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-BE. (novusbio.com)
A (p.R21Q), in the Crystallin alpha A ( CRYAA ) gene segregating in this three generation family. (biomedcentral.com)
The work strengthens the genotype-phenotype correlations between this functional mutation in the crystallin alpha A ( CRYAA ) gene and paediatric cataract. (biomedcentral.com)
alpha-A crystallin (CRYAA), beta-B2 crystallin (CRYBB2), gamma-A crystallin (CRYGA), gamma-B crystallin (CRYGB), gamma-C crystallin (CRYGC), gamma-D crystallin (CRYGD), gap junction alpha-3 (GJA3), gap junction alpha-8 (GJA8), and PAX6 based on polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis. (elsevier.com)

0.5 ug/ml was sufficient for detection of 100 ng purified alphaA crystalline by colorimetric immunoblot analysis using Goat Anti-Mouse IgG:HRP as the secondary.Alpha A Crystallin Antibody.Use in Immunoblotting reported in scientific literature (PMID 28546921). (novusbio.com)
Western blot analysis of whole cell lysates probed with alpha B crystallin antibody followed by detection with HRP conjugated Goat anti Mouse IgG (1/10,000, STAR207P ) and visualized on the ChemiDoc MP with 4 second exposure. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Mouse anti Human alpha B crystallin chain antibody detects a band of 22 kDa. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
A-crystallins, member of the -crystallin family, which are molecular chaperons and play crucial role in maintaining lens transparency were identified by 1-and 2-D immunoblot analysis with anti-A-crystallin antibody. (bvsalud.org)

Since there is only a single copy of the alphaB-crystallin gene, the two classes of mRNAs are generated by alternative transcriptional initiation from different promoters and their expressions are regulated differentially. (nii.ac.jp)
Alpha crystallins are composed of two gene products: alpha-A and alpha-B, for acidic and basic, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
The aim of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms that lead to a dominant nuclear cataract in a mouse harboring the Y118D mutation in the αA-crystallin gene. (arvojournals.org)
One such model is the Nuc1 rat model that arose from a spontaneous mutation in the Cryba1 (crystallin, beta 1) gene and exhibits complete failure of the hyaloid vasculature to regress. (elsevier.com)
Gene expression patterns was examined by microarray analysis and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR). (molvis.org)
Also these results suggest that crystallin gene expression can be regulated by pro-inflammatory events in the eye. (molvis.org)
Mutation screening and genotype phenotype correlation of alpha-crystallin, gamma-crystallin and GJA8 gene in congenital cataract. (bjbms.org)

Individual lens crystallins in water-soluble fractions were separated by gel-permeation chromatography. (arvojournals.org)
Lens crystallins play a crucial role in maintaining the clarity of the lens and its refractive properties. (arvojournals.org)
Profiles of lens crystallins were analyzed and crystallin proteome maps of Rita rita were generated for the first time. (bvsalud.org)
Results of the present study can be the baseline information for stimulating further investigation on Rita rita lens crystallins for comparative lens proteomics. (bvsalud.org)
Ageing and vision: structure, stability and function of lens crystallins. (ru.nl)

1 2 Although the molecular weight of each individual subunit is approximately 20 kDa, the α-crystallins exist as multimers, with mass ranging from ∼300 to more than 1000 kDa. (arvojournals.org)

Among the four spots recovered after two-dimensional (2D)-gel electrophoresis from WT and the three deamidated species, the Met and Trp residues of alphaB-Asn146Asp mutant showed maximum oxidation after UV-A exposure, which might account for its greater loss in chaperone activity compared to WT alphaB-crystallin and two other deamidated species. (nih.gov)
Loss of αA-crystallin chaperone activity seems to be related to truncation of the C-terminal amino acid residues. (arvojournals.org)
This study clearly demonstrated that both the length and electrostatic charge of the COOH-terminal segment play crucial roles in governing the structural stability and chaperone activity of alphaB-crystallin . (antibodies-online.com)
Changes in the self-association of alpha-crystallin aggregate were correlated to changes in chaperone activity. (elsevier.com)
Alpha-crystallin from young donors, and recombinant alpha A- and alpha B-crystallin and their mixtures showed chaperone activity, which was markedly lost in samples from the aged alpha-crystallin aggregates. (elsevier.com)
Structural perturbation (e.g., partial unfolding) enhances the in vitro chaperone activity of αB-crystallin. (edu.au)
αB-crystallin was immobilized onto a range of solid material surfaces, and its characteristics and chaperone activity were assessed. (edu.au)
Yan H, Yao L, Hui Y. [Decreased chaperone activity of alpha-crystallin by carbamylation in vitro]. (labome.org)

B) Immunoblots showing αB-crystallin and Hsp27 expression in two sets of mice at 7 months of age. (nih.gov)
The chaperone expression in each genotype was confirmed by western-blotting two sets of brain lysates from 7-month old mice for αB-crystallin, and Hsp27 (Figure 2B). (nih.gov)

A hallmark of the microarray analysis is that the antagonist seems to be a novel stage-specific regulator of crystallin genes. (molvis.org)
Genes associated with the development of lens include crystallin genes. (bjbms.org)
Purpose: Identification of causal mutation in the crystallin, connexin, and paired box 6 (PAX6) genes associated with childhood cataract in patients from India. (elsevier.com)

In its native state, α-crystallin is water soluble and exists as an oligomer with a molecular mass of 360 to 800 kDa. (arvojournals.org)

Various classes of molecular chaperones cooperate for the folding of the nascent polypeptide chains in the cyotplasm [1] . (proteopedia.org)

the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. (wikipedia.org)
These heterogeneous aggregates consist of 30-40 subunits of the alpha-A and alpha-B subunits have a 3:1 ratio, respectively. (mybiosource.com)
Lens alpha-crystallin, composed of two subunits alpha A- and alpha B-crystallin, forms large aggregates in the lens of the eye. (elsevier.com)
One of the alpha crystallin subunits. (bvsalud.org)

The physicochemical properties of α-crystallin obtained from mouse lenses with the Y118D mutation as well as a recombinant Y118D αA-crystallin were studied using gel filtration, two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, multi-angle light scattering, circular dichroism, fluorescence, and chaperone activities. (arvojournals.org)

The gamma-crystallins are monomeric, but there are at least 5 gamma crystallins identified in bovine and rat lens. (abcam.com)
beta and gamma crystallins are also considered as a superfamily. (wikipedia.org)
Gamma-crystallins are involved in cataract formation. (prospecbio.com)

Pathogenesis of axonal dystrophy and demyelination in alphaA-crystallin-expressing transgenic mice. (ru.nl)

To investigate the influence of diabetes on the cleavage of C-terminal amino acid residues of αA- and αB-crystallins in human and rat lenses. (arvojournals.org)
9 10 αA-crystallin and αB-crystallin, each with a molecular mass of 20 kDa, share 54% sequence homology 11 12 and are composed of 173 and 175 amino acid residues, respectively. (arvojournals.org)
Immobilization was achieved via a plasma-deposited thin polymeric interlayer containing aldehyde surface groups and reductive amination, leading to the covalent binding of αB-crystallin lysine residues to the surface aldehyde groups via Schiff-base linkages. (edu.au)
These light chains are nearly identical except for first 41 additional amino acid residues of the A1 light chain, containing repeated Ala-Pro sequence and two pairs of lysine residues located near the N -terminus [ 5 ]. (mdpi.com)

Crystallins are the principal structural components of the vertebrate eye lens. (prospecbio.com)

Conclusions IF and TFEB activation are clinically relevant therapeutic strategies to rescue advanced R120G αB-crystallin mutant-induced cardiomyopathy by normalizing desmin localization via autophagy-dependent and autophagy-independent mechanisms. (nih.gov)
The co- localization between alphaB- crystallin and abnormal deposition of PrPsc in the brain tissues of the scrapie infected hamsters was not observed. (bvsalud.org)

UV-A-induced structural and functional changes in human lens deamidated alphaB-crystallin. (nih.gov)
Species-specific structural and functional divergence of α-crystallins: Zebrafish αBa- and rodent αA(ins)-crystallin encode activated chaperones. (bjbms.org)

Interestingly, αB-crystallin/HspB2 deficient transgenic mice were severely impaired in locomotion compared to each genetic model separately. (nih.gov)
Based on our observations of reduced αB-crystallin in older transgenic but not in non-transgenic mice, we hypothesized that if this chaperone is protective, then its loss may show an exaggerated phenotype. (nih.gov)
These abnormalities were less frequent in transgenic zebrafish embryos expressing rat αA-crystallin suggesting a specific role of α-crystallins in embryonic lens development. (zfin.org)
The penetrance of the lens phenotype was reduced by transgenic expression of rat αA-crystallin and its severity was attenuated by maternal αA-crystallin expression. (zfin.org)

However, anti-B-crystallin and antiphospho-B-crystallin antibodies were not able to detect any immunoreactive bands on 1- and 2-D immunoblots, indicating B-crystallin was either absent or present in extremely low concentration in Rita rita lens. (bvsalud.org)

Publications] Iwaki,T.: 'Preferential expression of αB-crystallin in astrocytic elements of neuroectodermal tumors. (nii.ac.jp)
In the current study the authors investigated the expression of αB‐crystallin in four cultured glioma cell lines and in 115 human neuroectodermal tumors. (elsevier.com)

To extend and confirm these findings, we generated an αA-crystallin knockout zebrafish line. (zfin.org)

αB‐crystallin was expressed differentially by those glioma cell lines, but not by neuroblastoma cell lines. (elsevier.com)

The genomic DNAs from frozen brain tissues were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. (nii.ac.jp)

Together, these studies strongly suggest that during human cataract formation, covalent changes occur in the C-terminal region of the alpha A2 molecule. (scripps.edu)

Anti-human Crystallin alpha A mAb, clone c9F2, is derived from hybridization of mouse SP2/O myeloma cells with spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with recombinant Crystallin alpha A. (mybiosource.com)

Even when recombinant alpha-crystallins were mixed in molar ratios equivalent to those found in vivo, similar S values as the native aged alpha-crystallin aggregates were not obtained. (elsevier.com)
The alpha-crystallin can be modified in vitro by carbamylation through a high-molecular-weight aggregates formation. (labome.org)

To address this hypothesis, we investigated the consequences of αΒ-crystallin overexpression in the desmin-deficient ( Des −/− ) mouse model, which possesses a combination of the pathologies found in most cardiomyopathies, with mitochondrial defects as a hallmark. (biologists.org)
Furthermore, we found that both desmin and αΒ-crystallin are localized at sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs), where they interact with VDAC, Mic60 - the core component of mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex - and ATP synthase, suggesting that these associations could be crucial in mitoprotection at different levels. (biologists.org)
Mitochondrial abnormalities seem to be a common feature of diseases in which desmin and/or αB-crystallin deficiencies are implicated. (biologists.org)

The mammalian lens contains 3 major classes of crystallins: alpha, beta, and gamma. (abcam.com)

Molecular analysis of alphaB-crystallin in central nervous system and in pathologic conditions. (nii.ac.jp)
A number of human brains displaying a variety of pathologic changes were examine by immunohistochemistry with an anti-alphaB-crystallin antiserum and increased immunoreactivity was found in astrocytes and oligodendrocytes without the formation of RFs. (nii.ac.jp)
Furthermore, some neurons in neurodegenerative disorders were also immunolabeled with anti-alphaB-crystallin antiserum. (nii.ac.jp)
We also determined the structures of alphaB-crystallin mRNAs and the genomic structure. (nii.ac.jp)
Two major classes of mRNAs for the alphaB-crystallin, about 0.9 and 1.2 kilobases in length, are expressed in rat brain and they differ in the lengths of their 5' leader sequences. (nii.ac.jp)
Next, we examined primary structures of alphaB-crystallin in two cases of pathologically confirmed Alexander's disease. (nii.ac.jp)
Three deamidated mutants previously generated from recombinant WT alphaB-crystallin, using a site-specific mutagenesis procedure as previously described [32], were used. (nih.gov)
The WT alphaB-crystallin and its three deamidated species were exposed to UV-A light (320-400 nm) at intensities of 20 or 50 J/cm(2). (nih.gov)
To give insight into the possible alternation and the role of aB- crystallin in prion disease , the alphaB- crystallin levels in the brain tissues of agent 263K-infected hamsters were evaluated. (bvsalud.org)
Western blots and IHC revealed that at the terminal stages of the diseases , the levels of alphaB- crystallin were increased up to 3-fold in the brain tissues of scrapie infected 263K hamsters compared with normal controls. (bvsalud.org)
Immunofluorescent assays revealed that the up-regulated alphaB- crystallin was mainly observed in astrocytes , but not in neurons . (bvsalud.org)
The study may provide a foundation for further revealing the potential role of alphaB- crystallin in prion disease . (bvsalud.org)

Immunofluorescence staining of phospho-alpha-B crystallin (Ser19) in U373 MG cells results in cytoplasmic staining. (abcam.com)

We compared thermally induced denaturation and aggregation of two isoforms of the isolated myosin head (myosin subfragment 1, S1) containing different "essential" (or "alkali") light chains, A1 or A2. (mdpi.com)

alpha-A is preferentially restricted to the lens and alpha-B is expressed widely in many tissues and organs. (wikipedia.org)

However, the dominant nuclear cataract is associated with a significant decrease in the amount of αA-crystallin, leading to a reduction in total chaperone capacity needed for maintaining lens transparency. (arvojournals.org)

Immobilized αB-crystallin was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and quartz crystal microgravimetry, which showed that ∼300 ng cm -2 (dry mass) of oligomeric αB-crystallin was bound to the surface. (edu.au)

Crystallins are also found vertebrate skeletal muscle tissue. (abcam.com)
S1 prepared by chymotryptic digestion of skeletal muscle myosin lacks the regulatory light chain but does contain the essential light chain, also called alkali light chain [ 4 ]. (mdpi.com)
In fast skeletal muscle myosin there are two kinds of alkali light chains, A1 and A2. (mdpi.com)

A more consistent and severe lens phenotype was evident in maternal/zygotic αA-crystallin mutants compared to those observed by morpholino knockdown. (zfin.org)

Anti-Alpha B Crystallin antibody (ab231268) | Abcam (abcam.com)

Anti-Alpha B Crystallin antibody (ab13497) | Abcam (abcam.com)

Phospho anti-Alpha B Crystallin (S19) antibody (ab5597) | Abcam (abcam.com)

Anti-Alpha B Crystallin antibody [1B6.1-3G4] (ab13496) | Abcam (abcam.com)

Phospho Alpha B Crystallin (S45) antibody (ab5598) | Abcam (abcam.com)

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Decreased heat stability and increased chaperone requirement of modified human betaB1-crystallins. (1/136)

Quantification of chick lens alphaA- and delta-crystallins in experimentally induced ametropia. (2/136)

Morphological characterization of the Alpha A- and Alpha B-crystallin double knockout mouse lens. (3/136)

Reduced survival of lens epithelial cells in the alphaA-crystallin-knockout mouse. (4/136)

Alteration of protein-protein interactions of congenital cataract crystallin mutants. (5/136)

Immunological detection of D-beta-aspartate-containing protein in lens-derived cell lines. (6/136)

Induction of the differentiation of lentoids from primate embryonic stem cells. (7/136)

Pathogenesis of axonal dystrophy and demyelination in alphaA-crystallin-expressing transgenic mice. (8/136)

Crystallins

alpha-Crystallins

Lens, Crystalline

beta-Crystallin B Chain

beta-Crystallin A Chain

gamma-Crystallins

beta-Crystallins

alpha-Crystallin A Chain

alpha-Crystallin B Chain

delta-Crystallins

Cataract

Molecular Sequence Data

Polymerase Chain Reaction

alpha 1-Antitrypsin

Amino Acid Sequence

Base Sequence

Argininosuccinate Lyase

Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

Cattle

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Protein Binding

Recombinant Proteins

Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-maf

Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Mutation

Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis

Models, Molecular

Binding Sites

alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

Immunoglobulin Light Chains

RNA, Messenger

Cloning, Molecular

Protein Conformation

Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains

Refractometry

Molecular Chaperones

Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors

Lysosomes

Desmin

Autophagy

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated

Transcription Factors

Antibodies

Antibody Specificity

Mutation, Missense

Click Chemistry

Point Mutation

Neoplasms

Rabbits

DNA Mutational Analysis

Decreased heat stability and increased chaperone requirement of modified human betaB1-crystallins. (1/136)

Quantification of chick lens alphaA- and delta-crystallins in experimentally induced ametropia. (2/136)

Morphological characterization of the Alpha A- and Alpha B-crystallin double knockout mouse lens. (3/136)

Reduced survival of lens epithelial cells in the alphaA-crystallin-knockout mouse. (4/136)

Alteration of protein-protein interactions of congenital cataract crystallin mutants. (5/136)

Immunological detection of D-beta-aspartate-containing protein in lens-derived cell lines. (6/136)

Induction of the differentiation of lentoids from primate embryonic stem cells. (7/136)

Pathogenesis of axonal dystrophy and demyelination in alphaA-crystallin-expressing transgenic mice. (8/136)

The effect of dextran on subunit exchange of αA-crystallin by A. Ghahghaei, A. Rekas et al.

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