A subclass of alpha-amylase ISOENZYMES that are secreted into SALIVA.
A group of amylolytic enzymes that cleave starch, glycogen, and related alpha-1,4-glucans. (Stedman, 25th ed) EC 3.2.1.-.
Enzymes that catalyze the endohydrolysis of 1,4-alpha-glycosidic linkages in STARCH; GLYCOGEN; and related POLYSACCHARIDES and OLIGOSACCHARIDES containing 3 or more 1,4-alpha-linked D-glucose units.
Increased salivary flow.
The clear, viscous fluid secreted by the SALIVARY GLANDS and mucous glands of the mouth. It contains MUCINS, water, organic salts, and ptylin.
A nodular organ in the ABDOMEN that contains a mixture of ENDOCRINE GLANDS and EXOCRINE GLANDS. The small endocrine portion consists of the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS secreting a number of hormones into the blood stream. The large exocrine portion (EXOCRINE PANCREAS) is a compound acinar gland that secretes several digestive enzymes into the pancreatic ductal system that empties into the DUODENUM.
The largest of the three pairs of SALIVARY GLANDS. They lie on the sides of the FACE immediately below and in front of the EAR.
Plasma glycoprotein member of the serpin superfamily which inhibits TRYPSIN; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; and other PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES.

Inhibition of plant-pathogenic fungi by a corn trypsin inhibitor overexpressed in Escherichia coli. (1/1178)

The cDNA of a 14-kDa trypsin inhibitor (TI) from corn was subcloned into an Escherichia coli overexpression vector. The overexpressed TI was purified based on its insolubility in urea and then refolded into the active form in vitro. This recombinant TI inhibited both conidium germination and hyphal growth of all nine plant pathogenic fungi studied, including Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus, and Fusarium moniliforme. The calculated 50% inhibitory concentration of TI for conidium germination ranged from 70 to more than 300 microgram/ml, and that for fungal growth ranged from 33 to 124 microgram/ml depending on the fungal species. It also inhibited A. flavus and F. moniliforme simultaneously when they were tested together. The results suggest that the corn 14-kDa TI may function in host resistance against a variety of fungal pathogens of crops.  (+info)

Insertion analysis of putative functional elements in the promoter region of the Aspergillus oryzae Taka-amylase A gene (amyB) using a heterologous Aspergillus nidulans amdS-lacZ fusion gene system. (2/1178)

Expression of the Taka-amylase A gene (amyB) of Aspergillus oryzae is induced by starch or maltose. The A. oryzae amyB gene promoter contains three highly conserved sequences, designated Regions I, II, and III, compared with promoter regions of the A. oryzae glaA encoding glucoamylase and the agdA encoding alpha-glucosidase. To identify the function of these sequences within the amyB promoter, various fragments containing conserved sequences in the amyB promoter were introduced into the upstream region of the heterologous A. nidulans amdS gene (encoding acetamidase) fused to the Escherichia coli lacZ gene as a reporter. Introduction of the sequence between -290 to -233 (the number indicates the distance in base pairs from the translation initiation point (+1)) containing Region III significantly increased the expression of the lacZ reporter gene in the presence of maltose. The sequence between -377 to -290 containing Region I also increased the lacZ activity, but its maltose inducibility was less than that of Region III. The sequence between -233 to -181 containing Region II had no effect on the expression. These results indicated that Region III is most likely involved in the maltose induction of the amyB gene expression.  (+info)

Overexpression of BiP in tobacco alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress. (3/1178)

To study the role of the lumenal binding protein (BiP) in the transport and secretion of proteins, we have produced plants with altered BiP levels. Transgenic plants overexpressing BiP showed dramatically increased BiP mRNA levels but only a modest increase in BiP protein levels. The presence of degradation products in BiP overproducers suggests a regulatory mechanism that increases protein turnover when BiP is abundant. Antisense inhibition of BiP synthesis was not successful, demonstrating that even a minor reduction in the basal BiP level is deleterious to cell viability. Overexpression of BiP leads to downregulation of the basal transcript levels of endogenous BiP genes and greatly reduces the unfolded protein response. The data confirm that BiP transcription is regulated via a feedback mechanism that involves monitoring of BiP protein levels. To test BiP activity in vivo, we designed a functional assay, using the secretory protein alpha-amylase and a cytosolic enzyme as a control for cell viability. During tunicamycin treatment, an overall reduction of alpha-amylase synthesis was observed when compared with the cytosolic marker. We show that the tunicamycin effect is due to the depletion of BiP in the endoplasmic reticulum because coexpressed BiP alone is able to restore efficient alpha-amylase synthesis. This is a novel assay to monitor BiP activity in promoting secretory protein synthesis in vivo.  (+info)

Differential dependence of levansucrase and alpha-amylase secretion on SecA (Div) during the exponential phase of growth of Bacillus subtilis. (4/1178)

SecA, the translocation ATPase of the preprotein translocase, accounts for 0.25% of the total protein in a degU32(Hy) Bacillus subtilis strain in logarithmic phase. The SecA level remained constant irrespective of the demand for exoprotein production but dropped about 12-fold during the late stationary phase. Modulation of the level of functional SecA during the exponential phase of growth affected differently the secretion of levansucrase and alpha-amylase overexpressed under the control of the sacB leader region. The level of SecA was reduced in the presence of sodium azide and in the div341 thermosensitive mutant at nonpermissive temperatures. Overproduction of SecA was obtained with a multicopy plasmid bearing secA. The gradual decrease of the SecA level reduced the yield of secreted levansucrase with a concomitant accumulation of unprocessed precursor in the cells, while an increase in the SecA level resulted in an elevation of the production of exocellular levansucrase. In contrast, alpha-amylase secretion was almost unaffected by high concentrations of sodium azide or by very low levels of SecA. Secretion defects were apparent only under conditions of strong SecA deprivation of the cell. These data demonstrate that the alpha-amylase and levansucrase precursors markedly differ in their dependency on SecA for secretion. It is suggested that these precursors differ in their binding affinities for SecA.  (+info)

Genetic regulation of tissue-specific expression of amylase structural genes in Drosophila melanogaster. (5/1178)

Laboratory strains of Drosophila melanogaster were screened for spatial variations in adult midgut alpha-amylase (1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) expression. No strain-specific differences were found anteriorly, but three patterns of activity were discerned in the posterior midgut: A, activity throughout most of the region; B, activity in the anterior part of the region; and C, little or no activity. Alleles of a control gene, map, are responsible for this tissue-specific regulation of activity; e.g., mapA homozygotes produce the A pattern and mapC homozygotes the C pattern. The map locus was placed at 2--80 +/- on the genetic map of chromosome 2R, about two crossover units distal to the Amy structural gene region for alpha-amylase. Electrophoretic studies showed that mapA is trans acting in mapA/mapC flies, allowing expression of amylase isozymes coded for by genes on the opposite chromosome. The map gene behaves as a temporal gene that is clearly separable from the tightly linked, duplicated Amy structural genes.  (+info)

Molecular cloning and primary structure analysis of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase. (6/1178)

A cDNA library was constructed in a Uni-ZAP XR vector using mRNA isolated from porcine pancreas. A full-length alpha-amylase cDNA was obtained using a combination of library screening and nested polymerase chain reaction. Sequencing of the clone revealed a 1536-nucleotide (nt) open reading frame encoding a protein of 496 amino acid (aa) residues with a signal peptide of 15 aa. The calculated molecular mass of the enzyme was 55354 Da, in accordance with those of the purified porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase forms (PPAI and PPAII) as determined by mass spectrometry. A comparison of the deduced aa sequence with published peptidic sequences of PPAI identified a number of mismatches. The sequence of the cDNA reported here provides a sequence reference for PPA in excellent agreement with the refined three-dimensional structures of both PPAI and PPAII. No evidence for a second variant was found in the cDNA library and it is most likely that PPAI and PPAII are two forms of the same protein. The primary structure of PPA shows high homology with human, mouse and rat pancreatic alpha-amylases. The 304-310 region, corresponding to a mobile loop involved in substrate binding and processing near the active site, is fully conserved.  (+info)

Cloning, mutagenesis, and structural analysis of human pancreatic alpha-amylase expressed in Pichia pastoris. (7/1178)

Human pancreatic alpha-amylase (HPA) was expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris and two mutants (D197A and D197N) of a completely conserved active site carboxylic acid were generated. All recombinant proteins were shown by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) to be glycosylated and the site of attachment was shown to be Asn461 by peptide mapping in conjunction with ESI-MS. Treatment of these proteins with endoglycosidase F demonstrated that they contained a single N-linked oligosaccharide and yielded a protein product with a single N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc), which could be crystallized. Solution of the crystal structure to a resolution of 2.0 A confirmed the location of the glycosyl group as Asn461 and showed that the recombinant protein had essentially the same conformation as the native enzyme. The kinetic parameters of the glycosylated and deglycosylated wild-type proteins were the same while the k(cat)/Km values for D197A and D197N were 10(6)-10(7) times lower than the wild-type enzyme. The decreased k(cat)/Km values for the mutants confirm that D197 plays a crucial role in the hydrolytic activity of HPA, presumably as the catalytic nucleophile.  (+info)

Chemical modification of lysine side chains of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Thermoanaerobacter causes a shift from cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase to alpha-amylase specificity. (8/1178)

Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases and alpha-amylases are two groups of enzymes with related secondary structures. However, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases display transferase activities not present in alpha-amylases, probably derived from the existence of two more domains and different amino acid sequences. The hydrolytic activity of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases is generally quite low, except for two cyclodextrin glycosyltransferases from termophiles. In this work, we have carried out the chemical modification (with acetic anhydride) of the amino groups of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase from Thermoanaerobacter to assess their contributions to protein function. The acetylated cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase showed a significant reduction of its cyclization, coupling and disproportionation activities. Surprisingly, the hydrolytic (saccharifying) activity was slightly enhanced. These results suggest the participation of one or more lysine side chains in the interactions contributing to the transferase activity, either in any of the S11 subsites or in the acceptor binding site.  (+info)

TY - JOUR. T1 - Barley alpha-amylase bound to its endogenous protein inhibitor BASI: crystal structure of the complex at 1.9 A resolution. AU - Vallée, F.. AU - Kadziola, A.. AU - Bourne, Y.. AU - Juy, M.. AU - Rodenburg, K. W.. AU - Svensson, Birte. AU - Haser, R.. PY - 1998. Y1 - 1998. N2 - Barley alpha-amylase is a 45 kDa enzyme which is involved in starch degradation during barley seed germination. The released sugars provide the plant embryo with energy for growth. The major barley alpha-amylase isozyme (AMY2) binds with high affinity to the endogenous inhibitor BASI (barley alpha-amylase/subtilisin inhibitor) whereas the minor isozyme (AMY1) is not inhibited. BASI is a 19.6 kDa bifunctional protein that can simultaneously inhibit AMY2 and serine proteases of the subtilisin family. This inhibitor may therefore prevent degradation of the endosperm starch during premature sprouting and protect the seed from attack by pathogens secreting proteases. RESULTS: The crystal structure of AMY2 in ...
611536DNAArtificial SequenceDescription of Artificial Sequence Synthetic polynucleotide 1atgaaacaac aaaaacggct ttacgcccga ttgctgacgc tgttatttgc gctcatcttc 60ttgctgcctc attctgcagc ttcagcagca aatcttaatg ggacgctgat gcagtatttt 120gaatggtaca tgcccaatga cggccaacat tggaagcgtt tgcaaaacga ctcggcatat 180ttggctgaac acggtattac tgccgtctgg attcccccgg catataaggg aacgagccaa 240gcggatgtgg gctacggtgc ttacgacctt tatgatttag gggagtttca tcaaaaaggg 300acggttcgga caaagtacgg cacaaaagga gagctgcaat ctgcgatcaa aagtcttcat 360tcccgcgaca ttaacgttta cggggatgtg gtcatcaacc acaaaggcgg cgctgatgcg 420accgaagatg taaccgcggt tgaagtcgat cccgctgacc gcaaccgcgt aatttcagga 480gaacacctaa ttaaagcctg gacacatttt cattttccgg ggcgcggcag cacatacagc 540gattttaaat ggcattggta ccattttgac ggaaccgatt gggacgagtc ccgaaagctg 600aaccgcatct ataagtttca aggaaaggct tgggattggg aagtttccaa tgaaaacggc 660aactatgatt atttgatgta tgccgacatc gattatgacc atcctgatgt cgcagcagaa 720attaagagat ggggcacttg gtatgccaat gaactgcaat tggacggttt ccgtcttgat 780gctgtcaaac acattaaatt ...
in North America! We love pizzas, breads, pastas, potatoes and pretty much anything starchy! It is almost impossible for someone to cut them out completely because life has to be somewhat enjoyable and lets face it, a freshly baked Italian loaf of bread with some butter on it is to die for. White Kidney Bean is a starch neutralizer and is a healthy way to sneak some of your favourite meals in, such as a beautiful pasta dinner without feeling guilty.. What is White Kidney Bean? And HOW does it Work?. Through numerous studies, White Kidney Bean has been found effective in neutralizing carbohydrates safely! White Kidney Bean prevents starch from being converted into sugar and eventually into fat! When White Kidney Bean is consumed before a starchy meal, it later excretes a solid waste of starch (carbohydrates)! White Kidney Bean works by binding itself to the enzyme Amylase which is produced by the pancreas and thus does not convert starch into sugar. Diabetics may also benefit from White Kidney ...
Asghari SM,Khajeh K,Ranjbar B,Sajedi RH,et al. (2004). Comparative studies on trifluoroethanol (TFE) state of a thermophilic alpha-amylase and its mesophilic counterpart: limited proteolysis, conformational analysis, aggregation and reactivation of the enzymes. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 34: 173-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2004.03.006 PMid:15225989 Azad MA, Bae JH, Kim JS, Lim JK, et al. (2009). Isolation and characterization of a novel thermostable alpha-amylase from Korean pine seeds. N. Biotechnol. 26: 143-149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2009.09.006 PMid:19772955 Declerck N, Machius M, Wiegand G, Huber R, et al. (2000). Probing structural determinants specifying high thermostability in Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase. J. Mol. Biol. 301: 1041-1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.2000.4025 PMid:10966804 Dong Y,Liu Y,Chen Y,Niu D,et al. (2008). Purification and characterization of thermostable amylases from two bacterial species. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 48: 169-175. ...
Terada, T.; Kono, N.; Nakanuma, Y., 1992: Immunohistochemical and immunoelectron microscopic analyses of alpha-amylase isozymes in human intrahepatic biliary epithelium and hepatocytes
en] alpha-Amylases are present in all kingdoms of the living world. Despite strong conservation of the tertiary structure, only a few amino acids are conserved in interkingdom comparisons. Animal alpha-amylases are characterized by several typical motifs and biochemical properties. A few cases of such alpha-amylases have been previously reported in some eubacterial species. We screened the bacterial genomes available in the sequence databases for new occurrences of animal-like alpha-amylases. Three novel cases were found, which belong to unrelated bacterial phyla: Chloroflexus aurantiacus, Microbulbifer degradans, and Thermobifida fusca. All the animal-like alpha-amylases in Bacteria probably result from repeated horizontal gene transfer from animals. The M. degradans genome also contains bacterial-type and plant-type alpha-amylases in addition to the animal-type one. Thus, this species exhibits alpha-amylases of animal, plant, and bacterial origins. Moreover, the similarities in the extra ...
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A partial alpha-amylase cDNA was isolated from red porgy (Pagrus pagrus, Teleostei: Sparidae) and its tissue specific expression during larval development was examined. The cDNA was 949 bp long and showed 90% identity with other fish amylases. A 545 bp fragment was used to study amylase expression using in situ hybridization and RT-PCR techniques. Both methods showed a similar pattern: high and relatively constant expression for the first 30 days after hatching (dah), subsequently decreasing until the end of the experiment at 60 dah. The goal of this work was to extend the existing knowledge of the functionality of larval fish digestive systems and to provide new information about alpha-amylase gene expression.. ...
What is white kidney bean extract?. White kidney bean extract is sourced from white kidney beans, or, Phaseolus Vulgaris. It is thought to prevent the body from turning excess sugar into fat, and is therefore commonly used in supplements and marketed as a starch blocker or starch inhibitor. White kidney bean extract slows alpha-amylase activity, which is an … Read More ». ...
Pancreatic alpha-amylase activity was 54% higher in cattle fed at twice maintenance energy than in cattle fed at maintenance and was 52% greater in hay-fed than grain-fed cattle. Increased pancreatic alpha-amylase activity ...
White Kidney Bean Extract is extracted from white kidney bean which has been shown to prevent the body from properly digesting starch (carbohydrates).
Alpha-amylase is used as an important ingredient for the production of baked goods in order to increase the sugar and dextrin content in the finished product. Increasing importance of enzymes as functional additives in food & beverage applications on account of attributing features including good emulsification properties and self-stabilization effects is expected to remain a crucial factor over the next eight years.. Plant-based alpha-amylase demand was 1,682.6 tons in 2015. Plant-based extracts derived from rice, tobacco leaves, corn, potato and beetroot are also used as sources for the production of alpha-amylase. Over the past few years, the research institutes of the U.S. and Canada have introduced numerous publications pertaining to the development of alpha-amylase from DNA sequences of these species.. The report Alpha-Amylase Baking Enzyme Market Analysis by Source [Fungi, Bacteria (Maltogenic, G4), Plant-Based], By Application (Breads, Cookies & Biscuits, Desserts) And Segment Forecasts ...
Excessive consumption of carbohydrates is once of the causes of obesity or weight gain. Whenever you eat carbs such a breads, pastas, cereals, pastas, cereals, cakes, coookies, chips, pizzas, burgers, etc, the digestive enzynme known as alpha amylase breaks down the starches into glucose. Your body uses glucose for energy, but any excess will be stored as fat. This is why consuming too much carbs can easily lead to weight gain.. How does kidney bean extract aid weight loss?. White kidney bean extract, also known as Phaseolus Vulgaris extract, may help to induce weight loss by inhibiting the digestive enzyme, alpha amylase, from breaking down carbs into glucose. By reducing or slowing down digestion of carbs, this decreases the number of carbohydrate calories absorbed and may result in weight loss.. ...
TrendTerms displays relevant terms of the abstract of this publication and related documents on a map. The terms and their relations were extracted from ZORA using word statistics. Their timelines are taken from ZORA as well. The bubble size of a term is proportional to the number of documents where the term occurs. Red, orange, yellow and green colors are used for terms that occur in the current document; red indicates high interlinkedness of a term with other terms, orange, yellow and green decreasing interlinkedness. Blue is used for terms that have a relation with the terms in this document, but occur in other documents ...
White kidney bean extract prevents your body from absorbing carbohydrates and starches to help you lose weight. Find out how it works. Learn more at eVitamins México.
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Kidney - By this sudden change, the low grounds were parched, and vegetation destroyed, giving rise to an abundant production of vegetable miasm; and it was not suprising that malarious fever was produced.
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A study, published in the Internal Journal of Medical Science, conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, in which 60 slightly overweight people were given either placebo or Phase 2, a highly concentrated phaseolus extract, once daily.. This single daily dose was given 30 minutes prior to a large meal rich in carbohydrates. Over the 30 days of the study, subjects receiving Phaseolus vulgaris extract had significantly greater reduction of body weight, BMI, fat mass, adipose tissue thickness, and waist/hip/ thigh circumferences while maintaining lean body mass compared to subjects receiving placebo.. research notes: Layer, P., et al. Effect of purified amylase inhibitor on carbohydrate tolerance in normal subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus. MAYO Clinic Proceedings 61, 6 (June, 1986) 442-447.. Brugge, W.R. and M. S. Rosenfeld. Impairment of starch absorption by a potent amylase inhibitor. American Journal of Gastroenterology 82, 8 (August, 1987) 718-722.. Layer, P., et al. ...
Laboratory and field tests have shown the effectiveness of Eradicake™ alpha-amylase in breaking down filter cake created by starch-based drilling muds. Using Eradicake™ alpha-amylase to break down the polymer structures of filter cake is easy and convenient (no specialized equipment is required), and safe for the operator and the environment. This product has been shown to remove filter cake from lengthy sections of a horizontal reservoir by a non-aggressive chemical reaction. This performance contrasts sharply with conventional approaches, such as the use of hydrochloric acid (HCl), which reacts aggressively with calcium carbonate (CaCo3) reservoirs and is suspected of creating wormholes that lead to formation damage and blockage of formation pores. This, in turn, can restrict the flow of hydrocarbons to the wellbore and limit well productivity. Eradicake™ alpha-amylase performs at higher temperatures and across a wider range of operating conditions than competitive products. This ...
Due to the changes that occurred in the baking industry and the growing demand for natural products, clean label enzymes have gained more importance in the bread-making recipes in replacing additives such as oxidants or emulsifiers. The use of amylase from cereal, fungal or bacterial sources is known for many years. However, it is well acknowledged that cereal amylases, such as beta-amylase from soy flour or malt alpha-amylase and fungal ones have a limited effect against aging, whereas bacterial thermostable alpha-amylase has adverse effect on the quality of the finished products, leading to gummy and sticky crumb. Commercial amylases used in the baking industry are, in general, alpha-amylase, which hydrolyzes specifically, alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages of amylose and amylopectin molecules in the starch. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to study the effect of lack of alpha- amylase in wheat flour used in the process of bread making. In this context, we intended to study ...
Due to the changes that occurred in the baking industry and the growing demand for natural products, clean label enzymes have gained more importance in the bread-making recipes in replacing additives such as oxidants or emulsifiers. The use of amylase from cereal, fungal or bacterial sources is known for many years. However, it is well acknowledged that cereal amylases, such as beta-amylase from soy flour or malt alpha-amylase and fungal ones have a limited effect against aging, whereas bacterial thermostable alpha-amylase has adverse effect on the quality of the finished products, leading to gummy and sticky crumb. Commercial amylases used in the baking industry are, in general, alpha-amylase, which hydrolyzes specifically, alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages of amylose and amylopectin molecules in the starch. Based on these considerations, the aim of this study was to study the effect of lack of alpha- amylase in wheat flour used in the process of bread making. In this context, we intended to study ...
We Supply Enzyme like: 1.Glucoamylase(high activity) 2.Medium temperature alpha-Amylase(2000-3000u/ml) 3.Thermostable alpha-amylase(80000u/ml,120000u/g) 4.
SYN-E3272-5 x SYN-BTØ11-1 x SYN-IR6Ø4-5 x DAS-Ø15Ø7-1 x SYN-Ø53Ø7-1 x MON-ØØØ21-9 - Modified thermostable alpha-amylase, insect-resistant, herbicide-tolerant maize ...
Perten Instruments announces the release of the FN 1000 - Pertens newest Falling Number® instrument. The FN 1000 is a dual sample analysis system and reports the world standard Falling Number value - indicating alpha-amylase activity in grain and flou...
Heat Stable Alpha-Amylase is made from the best strain of Bacillus licheniformis through deep fermentation and extraction technique. This product posses...
View Notes - Enzyme Bio100L from BIO SOMETHING at UMBC. Determining the Optimum pH and Optimum Temperature for an Alpha-Amylase Enzyme (Corpulentus Martitus) Lenell Davis BIO 100L. Nov 05,
Heat and acid-stable alpha-amylase enzymes having the following characteristics: (1) capable of retaining at least about 70% of their initial activity when held at 90° C. and at a pH of 6.0 for 10 min
cge:100767001 K01176 alpha-amylase [EC:3.2.1.1] , (RefSeq) pancreatic alpha-amylase (A) MKFFLLLSLIGFCWAQYDPQTQYGRTAIVHLFEWRWVDIAKECERYLAPKGFGGVQVSPP NENIVVYNPSRPWWERYQPISYKICTRSGNEDEFRDMVTRCNNVGVRIYVDAVINHMCGA GGGAGTSSTCGSYYNANNRDFPSVPYSGWDFNDGKCNGEISNYNDANQVRNCRLSGLLDL ALEKDYVRSKVAEYMNRLIDIGVAGFRLDAAKHMWPGDIKAVLDKLHNLNTKWFSQGSRP FIFQEVIDLGGEAIKSSEYFGNGRVTEFKYGAKLGTVIRKWNGEKMAYLKNWGEGWGFVP SDRALVFVDNHDNQRGHGAGGASILTFWDARMYKMAVGFMLAHPYGFTRVMSSYRWARNF QNGKDVNDWIGPPNNNGVTKEVTINPDTTCGNDWVCEHRWRQIRNMVAFRNVVSGQPFSN WWDNGSNQVAFGRGNRGFIVFNNDDWSLSTTLQTGLPAGTYCDVISGDKVDGNCTGIKVN VGNDGNAHFSISNSAEDPFIAIHAESKL ...
Os08g0473900, AMY3D, ALPHA-AMYLASE_3D; Alpha-amylase isozyme 3D precursor (EC 3.2.1.1) (1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase).; K01176 alpha-amylase [EC:3.2.1.1] ...
psc:A458_09985 K05343 maltose alpha-D-glucosyltransferase / alpha-amylase [EC:5.4.99.16 3.2.1.1] , (GenBank) alpha-amylase family protein (A) MAKPRKPAAFIKDPLWYKDAVVYQVHLKSFYDSNNDGVGDFPGLIEKLDYIADLGVNTIW LLPFYPSPRRDDGYDIADYRGVHPEYGSMADARRFIAEAHKRGLRVITELVINHTSDQHP WFQRARKAKKGSAARDFYVWSDTDKKYDGTRIIFLDTEKSNWTWDPVAKQYFWHRFYSHQ PDLNFDNPQVMKAVLAVMRYWLDMGIDGLRLDAIPYLVERDGTNNENLPETHAVLKAIRA EIDANYPDRMLLAEANQWPEDTQLYFGGEDGGPGDECHMAFHFPLMPRMYMAIAQEDRFP ITDILRQTPDIPENCQWAIFLRNHDELTLEMVTDKERDYLWNYYASDKRARINLGIRRRL APLLERDRRRIELLNSLLLSMPGTPVIYYGDEIGMGDNIFLGDRDGVRTPMQWSVDRNGG FSRADPPNLVLPPVMDPLYGYYTINVEAQQRDPHSLLNWTRRMLTIRKQFKAFGRGTLKM LAPSNRRILAYMREFTGANGETEIIFCVANVSRSAQAAELEMSQYAGMVPVEMVGGSAFP PIGQLPYLLTLPHYGFYWFQLALTNQMPSWHQEPVDTMPDFQTLVLKRLDTLTAANRRIL ETEALPAYLPKRRWFAAKDVAIESVRISYCVPFGDPNRPVLLSELCVESAGRSDLYQLPL GFLAETEFEVALPQQLALARVRRGPQVGLMTDAFALEQFSAAVIQGLRDELVLPCNDGEI RFVPMPQLADLQLPAHPEVRFISAEQSNSSAIIDNKVMIKLLRRVAPGVHPELEMGGFLT ERGFAHISGMLGQVSRINKQGEPVALMVIQHFLDSQGDAWVWTLNNLDRAVRDEIAGGVS ...
What is Phase 2™ Starch Neutralizer? Phase 2™ is an amazing, non-stimulant, all-natural nutritional ingredient that is derived from the white kidney bean.
This site is also protected by an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate thats been signed by the U.S. government. The https:// means all transmitted data is encrypted - in other words, any information or browsing history that you provide is transmitted securely.. ...
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article{doron:1998a, author = {R. Doron and E. Behar and M. Fraenkel and P. Mandelbaum and A. Zigler and J.L. Schwob and A.Y. Faenov and T.A. Pikuz ...
article{doron:2000a, author = {Doron, R and Behar, E and Fraenkel, M and Mandelbaum, P and Schwob, JL and Zigler, A and Faenov, A Ya and Pikuz, TA ...
Previous studies have demonstrated that human salivary alpha-amylase specifically binds to the oral bacterium Streptococcus gordonii. This interaction is inhibited by substrates such as starch and maltotriose suggesting that bacterial binding may involve the enzymatic site of amylase. Experiments were performed to determine if amylase bound to the bacterial surface possessed enzymatic activity. It was found that over one-half of the bound amylase was enzymatically active. In addition, bacterial-bound amylase hydrolyzed starch to glucose which was then metabolized to lactic acid by the bacteria. In further studies, the role of amylases histidine residues in streptococcal binding and enzymatic function was assessed after their selective modification with diethyl pyrocarbonate. DEP-modified amylase showed a marked reduction in both enzymatic and streptococcal binding activities. These effects were diminished when DEP modification occurred in the presence of maltotriose. DEP-modified amylase had a
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Thoma, Myriam Verena; Joksimovic, Ljiljana; Kirschbaum, Clemens; Wolf, Jutta Manuela; Rohleder, Nicolas (2012). Altered salivary alpha-amylase awakening response in Bosnian War refugees with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37(6):810-817. ...
Salivary α-amylase activity is an increasingly investigated biomarker for the activation of the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic imbalance is associated to several diseases, one of which is heart failure, and the aim of the present study was to test if salivary α-amylase activity might be a new biomarker in patients with chronic heart failure.. Methods: In this pilot study, 48 elderly men (range 59-89 years), 24 patients with established chronic heart failure in NYHA class I to III, and 24 controls were included. In all participants, saliva was collected for three consecutive days at three time points (at awakening, 30 minutes later and in the late afternoon), and blood was sampled for analysis of NT-proBNP.. Results: Within the whole group of participants, a statistically significant positive correlation between morning salivary α-amylase activity levels and serum NT-proBNP could be found, which was strongest for the measurement taken 30 minutes after awakening, as well as a significant ...
1G1Y: Studies on the hydrolyzing mechanism for cyclodextrins of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 alpha-amylase 2 (TVAII). X-ray structure of the mutant E354A complexed with beta-cyclodextrin, and kinetic analyses on cyclodextrins.
As a member of the wwPDB, the RCSB PDB curates and annotates PDB data according to agreed upon standards. The RCSB PDB also provides a variety of tools and resources. Users can perform simple and advanced searches based on annotations relating to sequence, structure and function. These molecules are visualized, downloaded, and analyzed by users who range from students to specialized scientists.
Analyses of T cell receptors (TCR) on T cells infiltrating labial salivary glands of patients with Sjögrens syndrome (SS) indicate that the cells expand by antigen stimulation in context of major histocompatibility complex (MHC). To elucidate the autoantigens recognized by T cells infiltrating in labial salivary glands from patients with SS, proteins derived from human salivary gland cDNA libraries were screened by West-Western method using TCR-CDR3 probe, which is antigen recognition region of TCR on T cells. 13 cDNA clones were detected as proteins binding to TCR-CDR3 region. One was a human alpha-amylase salivary precursor (AA54-407), suggesting that alpha-amylase might be a salivary gland-specific autoantigen. To examine whether alpha-amylase acts as an antigen in labial salivary glands, PBL from 11 patients with SS were incubated with 9 different synthetic amino acids of alpha-amylase or salivary alpha-amylase. SSCP analysis on TCR clearly showed that alpha-amylase reactive T cells were ...
How to Use It Depending on the potency of the amylase inhibitors , typical intake is 1,500 to 6,000 mg before meals. Where to Find It Amylase inhibitors can be extracted from several types of plants, especially those in the legume family. Currently available Amylase inhibitors are extracted from either white kidney bean...
Television personality Dr. Oz has been promoting white kidney bean extract as an effective ingredient for reducing starch digestion and aiding in weight control. However, Phase 2 brand white kidney bean extract supplier Pharmachem Laboratories Inc. (Kearny, NJ) is reminding consumers that only its patented formula has been clinically studied and shown to support these effects.. Simple, generic white kidney bean extracts do not offer adequate potency or stability to perform like Phase 2 and will not provide the benefits nor the safety as described on the Dr. Oz program, stated Mitch Skop, Pharmachems director of new product development. We are ecstatic over the coverage…and worked with Dr. Ozs diet and fitness expert, Lisa Lynn, providing background for her interviews, and are pleased with the attention. However, of late we have become concerned about interesting new products labeled simply as white kidney bean extract.. While the company believes Dr. Oz promoted the benefits white ...
Looking for online definition of alpha-amylase in the Medical Dictionary? alpha-amylase explanation free. What is alpha-amylase? Meaning of alpha-amylase medical term. What does alpha-amylase mean?
Cloning of a gene encoding cold-adapted alpha-Amylase from the psychrotrophic bacterium Pseudoalteromonas haloplanctis strain 505
Bliss Welness offers CarbBliss Pure ready-to-eat Cheese Flavor sachets powered offers high potency completely veg sourced finest carb blockers for effective weight management by controlling carbohydrate absorption by our body. Carb blockers are known for patent weight loss supplements and the Holy Grail for carb lovers. They are known for alpha-amylase inhibition. They work by blocking the enzymes released by our body to digest complex carbs that are found in foods like pizzas, burgers, potatoes, rice and starchy vegetables. These are then passed into the large intestine without being digested or absorbed. The main action of this weight loss supplement is that the contribution of complex carbs to any calorie intake or raise in blood sugar is significantly lower.Helps Naturally Block Carbohydrate ...
A proteinaceous inhibitor of the digestive enzyme alpha-amylase (1,4-a-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.1) has been isolated and purified from kidney beans Phaseolus v
Modules of approx. 120 residues. Granular starch-binding function has been demonstrated in the case of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris R-47 α-amylase 1 (TVAI ...
The codon usage of a hybrid bacterial gene encoding a thermostable (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase was modified to match that of the barley (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene. Both the modified and unmodified bacterial gene were fused to a DNA segment encoding the barley high-pI alpha-amylase signal peptide downstream of the barley (1,3-1,4)-beta-glucanase isoenzyme EII gene promoter. When intro ...
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White Kidney Bean cooking information, facts and recipes. A white oval bean with a thin skin and mild flavor. It is also known as the Cannellini bean and is available canned or dried.
Shrink that waistline in a flash! White Kidney Bean extract is one of the worlds most successful weight loss supplements, and the ideal complement to anyones fat burning efforts. Natures Design offers the purest, most potent Wh...
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Genetic stability of amylase activity after serial subcultivation experiments with amylolytic ruminalStreptococcus bovis strains was investigated. Two strains Amy+ and Amy− were obtained. Loss of amylase activity connected with the loss of plasmid DNA was not found in these strains. The presence of the gene responible for the amylase activity in the chromosome of these strains was revealed by hybridization of the α-amylase gene on pJK108 against chromosomal DNA ofS. bovis andBacillus subtilis after a complete restriction withEcoRI.
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a widely used platform for the production of heterologous proteins of medical or industrial interest. However, heterologous protein productivity is often restricted due to the limitations of the host strain. In the protein secretory pathway, the protein trafficking between different organelles is catalyzed by the soluble NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) receptor (SNARE) complex and regulated by the Secl/Munc18 (SM) proteins. In this study, we report that over-expression of the SM protein encoding genes SEC1 and SLY1, improves the protein secretion in S. cerevisiae. Engineering Sec1p, the SM protein that is involved in vesicle trafficking from Golgi to cell membrane, improves the secretion of heterologous proteins human insulin precursor and alpha-amylase, and also the secretion of an endogenous protein invertase. Enhancing Sly1p, the SM protein regulating the vesicle fusion from endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to Golgi, increases alpha-amylase production only. Our
Amylase Enzyme is a food-grade bacterial alpha-amylase enzyme produced by fermentation of a non-GMO strain of bacillus. In the brewing process it is used for liquefaction of grain mashes and malt extracts for increased fermentability. Amylase Enzyme is typically used by all-grain brewers to add to a high adjunct mash t
TY - JOUR. T1 - Genetically controlled electrophoretic variants of a starch-degrading enzyme in zea mays. AU - FINNEGAN, D J AU - Finnegan, David. PY - 1969. Y1 - 1969. M3 - Comment/debate. VL - 22. SP - 1055. JO - Australian journal of biological sciences. JF - Australian journal of biological sciences. SN - 0004-9417. IS - 4. ER - ...
Technically, starch blockers are amylase inhibitors. Amylase is one of the main enzymes the body uses to digest starch. In theory, when amylase is blocked, starch can pass through the body undigested. If the body is unable to digest a part of the meal the calorie intake will be lower which can aid in weight loss. However, theory is one thing, reality another and clinical studies of amylase inhibitors have not established definitive benefits.1-3 For example, one published study failed to find that use of a phaseolus product reduced the usual blood sugar rise that follows a meal.7 Several possible reasons for this discrepancy have been proposed, such as that the amylase inhibitor may be broken down and made ineffective in the stomach, the product may supply enough of its own amylase to counteract any benefit, and that another enzyme, glucoamylase, may be able to take over when amylase cant do the job. However, according to the manufacturer of a current product, more concentrated extracts of ...
Arch JJ, Brown KW, Dean DJ, Landy LN, Brown KD, Laudenslager ML. Self-compassion training modulates alpha-amylase, heart rate variability, and subjective responses to social evaluative threat in women. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2014 Apr; 42:49-58 ...
Bacterial protease produced by submerged fermentation of a selected strain of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Secretion of protease by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can be inhib
Dako alpha amylase msds sheets, Alpha-amylase (aep) | 2000 mg/kg ( Rat ) - - Symptoms related to the physical, chemical and toxicological characteristics Symptoms No information available. Delayed and immediate effects and also chronic effects from short and long term exposure Sensitization No information available. Mutagenic Effects No information available.
Mono- and Stereopictres of 5.0 Angstrom coordination sphere of Sodium atom in PDB 2gjp: Structure of Bacillus Halmapalus Alpha-Amylase, Crystallized With the Substrate Analogue Acarbose and Maltose
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Products, termed Antheridiogen Factor (AF), and vesicle like sac formation factor (VLS-F) were present in a culture of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens stra..
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain H57 was initially isolated for its ability to inhibit the growth of fungi that causes livestock feed to spoil. When applied to feed, H57 markedly reduces fungal growth for up to three months.
Standards have been created with well-defined mixing, heating, holding, and cooling phases to characterize the gelatinization and pasting behavior of starches. In the following tests, the pasting behavior is studied according to the ICC 162 standard.This standard is applicable for native and modified starches, flours, and cereal grains (after appropriate grinding) to analyze the pasting properties and study the effect of alpha-amylase on starch-water or flour-water suspensions during heating and cooling. ...
Mit ihrem zweiten Werk Fixed Action Pattern [davor gab es noch die Human Abyss-Scheibe im Jahre 2007, die man sich ber die MySpace-Page der Band gratis downloaden kann] zeigen die Berliner, dass sie auf jeden Fall berregional konkurrenzf hig sind, aber leider auch, dass sie noch l ngst nicht zu den [ganz] Gro en geh ren. Die Jungs m hen sich zwar redlich ab, aber es fehlt noch ein letztes St ck Finesse f r die erste Liga. PLACENTA versuchen zwar sich durch viele interessante Parts [z.b. einige Clean Vocals-Einlagen, die allerdings wenig mit Emo-Gejammer zu tun haben, sonstige Melodik wie in Simon Says sowie einige Schlenker in Richtung MESHUGGAH] oder elektronische Interludes [Pinocchio Stretches Woodenly In The Forest] von der Masse abzuheben, aber leider sind meisten Songs selbst einfach nicht au ergew hnlich genug, um wirklich gegen die Vorbilder bestehen zu k nnen. Au erdem wirkt Fixed Action Pattern etwas zu lang, was durch die drei gut gemeinten Bonustracks, die allesamt der ...
I have found an interesting research paper on a dietry suppliment, white kidney bean. Basically it inhibits the breakdown of complex carbohydrates. Looks...
The Conserved Tryptophan-Arginine-Tyrosine Motif of .ALPHA. Proteinaceous .ALPHA.-Amylase Inhibitor T-76 from Streptomyces nitrosporeus Is Important for Inhibition of Animal .ALPHA.-Amylases but not for an .ALPHA.-Amylase from Bacillus sp. No. 195. (2000 ...
Source Naturals Phase 2 Carbohydrate Blocker 500mg 120 tablet ource Naturals Carbohydrate Blocker contains Phase 2(R) white kidney bean extract. Phase 2(R) works ...
p>The checksum is a form of redundancy check that is calculated from the sequence. It is useful for tracking sequence updates.,/p> ,p>It should be noted that while, in theory, two different sequences could have the same checksum value, the likelihood that this would happen is extremely low.,/p> ,p>However UniProtKB may contain entries with identical sequences in case of multiple genes (paralogs).,/p> ,p>The checksum is computed as the sequence 64-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check value (CRC64) using the generator polynomial: x,sup>64,/sup> + x,sup>4,/sup> + x,sup>3,/sup> + x + 1. The algorithm is described in the ISO 3309 standard. ,/p> ,p class=publication>Press W.H., Flannery B.P., Teukolsky S.A. and Vetterling W.T.,br /> ,strong>Cyclic redundancy and other checksums,/strong>,br /> ,a href=http://www.nrbook.com/b/bookcpdf.php>Numerical recipes in C 2nd ed., pp896-902, Cambridge University Press (1993),/a>),/p> Checksum:i ...
α-Amylase hydrolyzes the 2-chloro-p-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltotrioside (CNPG3) to release 2-chloro-nitrophenol and form 2-chloro-p-nitrophenyl-α-D-maltoside (CNPG2), maltotriose (G3) and glucose (G). The rate of increase in absorbance is measured at 405 nm and is proportional to the α-amylase activity in the sample.(G). The rate of increase in absorbance is measured at 405 nm and is proportional to the α-amylase activity in the sample.. ...
World wheat grain yields increased substantially in the 1960s and 1970s because farmers rapidly adopted the new varieties and cultivation methods of the so-called green revolution. The new varieties are shorter, increase grain yield at the expense of straw biomass, and are more resistant to damage …
Kommisjonens gjennomføringsforordning (EU) 2017/173 av 1. februar 2017 om endring av forordning (EF) nr. 1292/2008 og gjennomføringsforordning (EU) nr. 887/2011 hva angår navnet på innehaveren av godkjenningen av Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CECT 5940 og...
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The alpha-Amylase Protein alpha-Amylase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) This article ... See amylase for more uses of the amylase family in general. α-Amylase has exhibited efficacy in degrading polymicrobial ... Medical laboratories will usually measure either pancreatic amylase or total amylase. If only pancreatic amylase is measured, ... "Amylase, Alpha - Worthington Enzyme Manual". worthington-biochem.com. Archived from the original on 14 October 2016. Perry GH, ...
In molecular biology, alpha-amylase inhibitor (or α-...) is a protein family which inhibits mammalian alpha-amylases ... 1 complex with alpha-amylase. This family of inhibitors has no action on plant and microbial alpha amylases. A crystal ... The binding of tendamistat to alpha-amylase leads to the steric blockage of the active site of the enzyme. The crystal ... König V, Vértesy L, Schneider TR (October 2003). "Structure of the alpha-amylase inhibitor tendamistat at 0.93 A". Acta ...
4-alpha-D-glucan 4-alpha-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include amylase III, and 1,4-alpha-glucan:1,4-alpha- ... glucan 4-alpha-glucosyltransferase. Nebinger P (March 1986). "Separation and characterization of four different amylases of ... 4-alpha-D-glucan to the 4-position of an alpha-D-glucan. This enzyme is useful in hydrolyzing oligosaccharides. This enzyme ... Characterization of amylases". Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler. 367 (3): 169-76. doi:10.1515/bchm3.1986.367.1.169. PMID ...
Richardson M, Bloch Jr C (1991). "A new family of small (5 kDa) protein inhibitors of insect alpha-amylases from seeds or ... Inhibitors of insect alpha-amylases from sorghum. Probable protease inhibitor P322 from Solanum tuberosum (potato). A ... "Plant α-amylase inhibitors and their interaction with insect α-amylases: Structure, function and potential for crop protection ... Some plant defensins have also been identified as enzyme inhibitors of α-amylase or trypsin. It is believed that these are ...
... maltogenic alpha-amylase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan alpha-maltohydrolase) is an enzyme with systematic name 4-alpha-D-glucan alpha- ... alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in polysaccharides so as to remove successive alpha-maltose residues from the non-reducing ends of ... Glucan+1,4-alpha-maltohydrolase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC 3.2. ... Maltogenic amylases from Bacillus stearothermophilus, Thermus sp. and Geobacillus thermoleovorans are able to degrade acarbose ...
The human AMY1C gene encodes the protein Amylase, alpha 1C (salivary). Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha- ... "Entrez Gene: Amylase, alpha 1C (salivary)". Retrieved 2013-02-14. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]. ##RefSeq-Attributes-START## ... This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. See also Amylase § Evolution. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89 ... Human Alpha-amylase 1) at the PDBe-KB. v t e (Articles with short description, Short description matches Wikidata, Genes on ...
"Amylase, Alpha" , I.U.B.: 3.2.1.11,4-α-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase. "Amylase, Alpha" , I.U.B.: 3.2.1.11,4-α-D-Glucan ... The optimum pH for β-amylase is 4.0-5.0 They belong to Glycoside hydrolase family 14. Amylase Alpha-amylase Rejzek M, Stevenson ... "Amylase, Alpha" , I.U.B.: 3.2.1.11,4-α-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase. Friedberg F, Rhodes C (March 1986). "Cloning and ... β-Amylase (EC 3.2.1.2 , saccharogen amylase, glycogenase) is an enzyme with the systematic name 4-α-D-glucan maltohydrolase. It ...
The pancreas and salivary gland make amylase (alpha amylase) to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides ... Both α-amylase and β-amylase are present in seeds; β-amylase is present in an inactive form prior to germination, whereas α- ... In human physiology, both the salivary and pancreatic amylases are α-amylases. The α-amylase form is also found in plants, ... "Amylase, Alpha, I.U.B.: 3.2.1.11,4-α-D-Glucan glucanohydrolase". Wadler J (8 September 2009). "Chew It Up, Spit It Out, Then ...
MURAO, Sawao; OOUCHI, Naoki; GOTO, Akira; ARAI, MOTOO (1983). "New proteinaceous .ALPHA.-amylase inhibitor (Paim) from ...
Organisms can either by alpha-hemolytic, beta-hemolytic, or gamma-hemolytic (non-hemolytic). Amylases are a group of ... The different classes of amylases are α-amylases, β-amylases, and glucoamylases. The α-amylases hydrolyze starch by randomly ... Sharma A, Satyanarayana T (2013). "Microbial acid-stable alpha-amylases: Characteristics, genetic engineering and applications ... Amylase breaks down carbohydrates into mono- and disaccharides, so a starch agar must be used for this assay. Once the bacteria ...
Alpha-amylase 2B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2B gene. Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4- ... "Entrez Gene: AMY2B amylase, alpha 2B (pancreatic)". Human AMY2B genome location and AMY2B gene details page in the UCSC Genome ... Koyama I, Komine S, Iino N, Hokari S, Igarashi S, Alpers DH, Komoda T (July 2001). "alpha-Amylase expressed in human liver is ... Groot PC, Bleeker MJ, Pronk JC, Arwert F, Mager WH, Planta RJ, Eriksson AW, Frants RR (July 1989). "The human alpha-amylase ...
There it is broken down into oligosaccharides by the enzyme alpha-amylase. In patients with intact kidney function, both ...
Their catalyses are similar to that of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase, respectively. Their active sites are selective towards ... In E. coli, Glucose transfer is performed by 4-alpha-glucanotransferase, a 78.5 kDa protein coded for by the gene malQ. A ... "4-alpha-glucanotransferase - Escherichia coli (strain K12)". "Glycogen debranching enzyme - Escherichia coli O139:H28 (strain ... Yamamoto E, Makino Y, Omichi K (May 2007). "Active site mapping of amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase in porcine liver glycogen ...
1988). "Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene". Gene ... Alpha-amylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY1A gene. This gene is found in many organisms. Amylases are ... "Entrez Gene: AMY1A amylase, alpha 1A; salivary". Human AMY1A genome location and AMY1A gene details page in the UCSC Genome ... 1989). "The human alpha-amylase multigene family consists of haplotypes with variable numbers of genes". Genomics. 5 (1): 29-42 ...
1994). "The active center of a mammalian alpha-amylase. Structure of the complex of a pancreatic alpha-amylase with a ... 1988). "Primary structure of human pancreatic alpha-amylase gene: its comparison with human salivary alpha-amylase gene" (PDF ... Pancreatic alpha-amylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2A gene. Amylases are secreted proteins that ... "Entrez Gene: AMY2A amylase, alpha 2A; pancreatic". Human AMY2A genome location and AMY2A gene details page in the UCSC Genome ...
They can be digested by breaking the alpha-linkages (glycosidic bonds). Both humans and other animals have amylases, so they ... Starch is a glucose polymer in which glucopyranose units are bonded by alpha-linkages. It is made up of a mixture of amylose ( ... This carbohydrate can react with water (hydrolysis) using amylase enzymes as catalyst, which produces constituent sugars ( ...
However, bacterial alpha-amylases from gut microbiome are able to degrade acarbose. Pancreatic alpha-amylase hydrolyzes complex ... It has been reported that the maltogenic alpha-amylase from Thermus sp. IM6501 (ThMA) and a cyclodextrinase (CDase) from ... Human enzymes do transform acarbose: the pancreatic alpha-amylase is able to perform a rearrangement reaction, moving the ... and pancreatic alpha-amylase. It locks up the enzymes by mimicking the transisition state of the substrate with its amine ...
Tadera K, Minami Y, Takamatsu K, Matsuoka T (April 2006). "Inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase by flavonoids". J. Nutr. ... Alglucosidase alfa Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor alpha-Glucosidases at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject ... Kim JS, Kwon CS, Son KH (November 2000). "Inhibition of α-glucosidase and amylase by luteolin, a flavonoid". Biosci. Biotechnol ...
One of the outcomes of this research was the use of alpha-amylase gene promoters to express human proteins in transgenic rice ... Sequence-specific interactions of a nuclear protein factor with the promoter of a rice gene for alpha-amylase, RAamy3D.. Nucl. ... Metabolic regulation of rice alpha-amylase and sucrose synthase genes in planta. The Plant Journal, 2(4):517-523. Huang, N., ... Organization, structure and expression of the rice alpha-amylase multigene family. In, Rice Genetics II. Manila, pp. 417-429. ...
It is mainly used in assay of alpha-amylase. However, enzymatic methods are usually preferred due to DNS lack of specificity. 3 ...
"Action patterns of various exo-amylases and the anomeric configurations of their products". Carbohydr. Res. 128: 297-310. doi: ... Glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotetraohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.60, exo-maltotetraohydrolase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan maltotetraohydrolase) is an ... Glucan+1,4-alpha-maltotetraohydrolase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology ( ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous ...
Nakakuki T, Azuma K, Kainuma K (1984). "Action patterns of various exo-amylases and the anomeric configurations of their ... Glucan 1,4-alpha-maltotriohydrolase (EC 3.2.1.116, exo-maltotriohydrolase, maltotriohydrolase, 1,4-alpha-D-glucan ... doi:10.1016/0008-6215(84)85337-9. Glucan+1,4-alpha-maltotriohydrolase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject ... This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Hydrolysis of (1->4)-alpha-D-glucosidic linkages in amylaceous ...
Some salivary components are crucial for plaques ecosystem, such as salivary alpha-amylase which plays a role in binding and ... Scannapieco FA, Torres G, Levine MJ (1993). "Salivary alpha-amylase: role in dental plaque and caries formation". Critical ...
Also said to be the source of Tendamistat (HOE 467), an alpha amylase inhibitor. Dionigi, Christopher P.; Ingram, Daphne A. ( ...
... amylase (amylo). Alpha amylase from B. amyloliquefaciens is often used in starch hydrolysis. It is also a source of subtilisin ... J. Fukumoto (1943). "Studies on the production of bacterial amylase. I. Isolation of bacteria secreting potent amylases and ...
... alpha and beta amylase, and, to a lesser extent, gamma amylase (together, the amylases), although many other enzymes are also ... Alpha amylase degrades starch to a mixture of the disaccharide maltose; the trisaccharide maltotriose, which contains three α ( ... Today, "diastase" refers to any α-, β-, or γ-amylase (all of which are hydrolases) that can break down carbohydrates. The ... When used as a pharmaceutical drug, diastase has the ATC code A09AA01 (WHO). Amylases can also be extracted from other sources ...
Additionally, the alpha amylase has been suggested to prevent bacterial attachment to oral surfaces and to enable bacterial ... The parotid gland also secretes salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), which is the first step in the decomposition of starches during ... With the inflammation of mumps or obstruction of the ducts, increased levels of the salivary alpha amylase secreted by the ... ISBN 978-1-4377-1730-3. Arhakis A, Karagiannis V, Kalfas S (2013). "Salivary alpha-amylase activity and salivary flow rate in ...
... its alpha 1-4 linkages having already been broken down by amylase). The product of the enzymatic digestion of alpha-limit ... Isomaltase helps amylase to digest alpha-limit dextrin to produce maltose. The human sucrase-isomaltase is a dual-function ... It digests polysaccharides at the alpha 1-6 linkages. Its substrate, alpha-limit dextrin, is a product of amylopectin digestion ... and oligosaccharide alpha-1,6-glucohydrolase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction Hydrolysis of (1->6)-alpha- ...
Without alpha-amylase, yeast would not be able to ferment. Maltose-glucoamylase is commonly used as a fermentation source as it ... alpha-D-glucosidase, alpha-glucoside hydrolase, alpha-1,4-glucosidase, alpha-D-glucoside glucohydrolase) is one type of alpha- ... Alpha-amylase 1 which is coded on the AMY1A gene is responsible of cleaving α-glucosidase linkages in oligosaccharides and ... The rate of hydrolysis is controlled by the size of the substrate (carbohydrate size). Alpha-amylase has an important function ...
Buisson G, Duée E, Haser R, Payan F (December 1987). "Three dimensional structure of porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase at 2.9 A ... 4-alpha-D-glucan:1,4-alpha-D-glucan 6-alpha-D-(1,4-alpha-D-glucano)-transferase. Other names in common use include branching ... 4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme 1, plant branching enzyme, alpha-1,4-glucan:alpha-1,4-glucan-6-glycosyltransferase, and starch ... Glycogen branching enzyme belongs to the α-amylase family of enzymes, which include α-amylases, pullulanas/isoamylase, ...
Carotenes - color Alpha-carotene - color Beta-carotene - color Gamma-carotene - color Carrageenan - thickener, vegetable gum, ... improving agent Amylases - flour treatment agent Angelica (Angelica archangelica) Anise - Annatto - color Anthocyanins - color ... antioxidant Dl-alpha-tocopherol (synthetic) - antioxidant Dodecyl gallate - antioxidant Echinacea - EDTA - Antioxidant, ...
... alpha K_{m}+\alpha ^{\prime }[S]}}={\frac {(1/\alpha ^{\prime })V_{max}[S]}{(\alpha /\alpha ^{\prime })K_{m}+[S]}}} where the ... Schiffer CF, Burke JF, Besarab A, Lasker N, Simenhoff ML (January 1977). "Amylase/creatinine clearance fraction in patients on ... alpha =1+{\frac {[I]}{K_{i}}}} α ′ = 1 + [ I ] K i ′ . {\displaystyle \alpha ^{\prime }=1+{\frac {[I]}{K_{i}^{\prime }}}.} Thus ... An example of a toxic peptide is alpha-amanitin, which is found in relatives of the death cap mushroom. This is a potent enzyme ...
Unconverted starch becomes sugar during the last steps of mashing, through the action of alpha and beta amylases. The oldest ... Germination produces a number of enzymes, such as amylase, that can convert the starch naturally present in barley and other ... Malted barley dried at a sufficiently low temperature contains enzymes such as amylase, which convert starch into sugar. ... requires mashing in multiple steps rather than at simply one temperature as the starches must be de-branched before amylase can ...
Another method for extraction of coconut oil involves the enzymatic action of alpha-amylase, polygalacturonases, and proteases ...
2007). "Decreased shoot stature and grain alpha-amylase activity following ectopic expression of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene ...
Glucose molecules are bound in starch by the easily hydrolyzed alpha bonds. The same type of bond is found in the animal ... After the phosphorylation, the first degrading enzyme, beta-amylase (BAM) can attack the glucose chain at its non-reducing end ... The enzyme starch synthase then adds the ADP-glucose via a 1,4-alpha glycosidic bond to a growing chain of glucose residues, ... Glycogen and amylopectin have similar structure, but the former has about one branch point per ten 1,4-alpha bonds, compared to ...
In the small intestine, this enzyme works in synergy with sucrase-isomaltase and alpha-amylase to digest the full range of ... The third and largest domain consists of a catalytic (beta/alpha) barrel type domain containing two inserted loops. The fourth ... "Entrez Gene: maltase-glucoamylase (alpha-glucosidase)". Nichols BL, Eldering J, Avery S, Hahn D, Quaroni A, Sterchi E (January ... An alternative name for Maltase-Glucoamylase is glucan 1,4-alpha-glycosidase. Maltase-glucoamylase is a membrane-bound enzyme ...
In 1970 Pharmacia's first product, Phadebas Amylase Test, a test for the enzyme alpha-amylase, was launched.[citation needed] ...
"Sourdough Fermentation Degrades Wheat Alpha-Amylase/Trypsin Inhibitor (ATI) and Reduces Pro-Inflammatory Activity". Foods. 9 (7 ... rye amylase is active at substantially higher temperatures than wheat amylase, causing the structure of the bread to ... When wheat flour comes into contact with water, the naturally occurring enzyme amylase breaks down the starch into the sugars ... The lowered pH of a sourdough starter, therefore, inactivates the amylases when heat cannot, allowing the carbohydrates in the ...
... may refer to: Dansyl amide, a fluorescent dye 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid, used in assay of alpha-amylase This ...
... such as alpha-glucosidases, xylanases, alpha-amylases, and glucanases. The genome of M. cinnamomea has been published in 2017 ...
... β-amylase, and glucoamylase. An α-glucan coating boasts protection from digestive environments, such as the small intestine, ... α-Glucans (alpha-glucans) are polysaccharides of D-glucose monomers linked with glycosidic bonds of the alpha form. α-Glucans ... Alpha-glucan is also commonly found in bacteria, yeasts, plants, and insects. Whereas the main pathway of α-glucan synthesis is ... Alpha-glucan was used in conjunction with modified starch molecules that contained porous starch granules via hydrolysis with ...
Other allergenic proteins included in this 'superfamily' are the non-specific plant lipid transfer proteins, alpha amylase ...
Kaplanis, J. N.; Thompson, M. J.; Robbins, W. E.; Bryce, B. M. (22 September 1967). "Insect Hormones: Alpha Ecdysone and 20- ... α-amylase activity and offspring production of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)". Bioresour. ... Two major insect moulting hormones, alpha ecdysone and 20-hydroxyecdysone, are found in bracken. These cause uncontrollable, ...
They were exposed to a peer, social-exclusion stressor, and saliva samples measuring levels of alpha-amylase (sAA), or stressor ...
... the soluble fraction of alpha-amylase hydrolyzed oat bran or whole oat flour), whole grain barley and barley beta-fiber. An ...
"Evidence for pentagalloyl glucose binding to human salivary alpha-amylase through aromatic amino acid residues". Biochimica et ... Pentagalloyl glucose can precipitate proteins, including human salivary α-amylase. 1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose can be found ...
2007). "Decreased shoot stature and grain alpha-amylase activity following ectopic expression of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene ...
McCleary BV (November 1980). "New chromogenic substrates for the assay of alpha-amylase and (1 leads to 4)-β-D-glucanase". ...
... is part of the potent α-amylase inhibitor acarbose and its derivatives. Acarviosin is a product of the degradation ... Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, Disaccharides, Amino sugars, Cyclitols, Cyclohexenes). ... The nitrogen atom binds to α-amylase more tightly than the natural substrate making it more potent than other inhibitors. ... Several other acarviosin-containing α-amylase inhibitors have been found in microbes including isovalertatins and butytatins ...
Reasons for false positive elevated serum amylase include salivary gland disease (elevated salivary amylase), bowel obstruction ... primarily TNF-alpha and IL-1. A hallmark of acute pancreatitis is a manifestation of the inflammatory response, namely the ... Serum amylase may be normal (in 10% of cases) for cases of acute or chronic pancreatitis (depleted acinar cell mass) and ... Lin XZ, Wang SS, Tsai YT, Lee SD, Shiesh SC, Pan HB, Su CH, Lin CY (February 1989). "Serum amylase, isoamylase, and lipase in ...
... and the bifunctional proteinase K/alpha-amylase inhibitor from wheat (PK13) have been solved, showing them to share the same ... Patterns of structure and sequence in the Kunitz inhibitors interleukins-1 beta and 1 alpha and fibroblast growth factors". J. ...
April 1994). "Biochemical, pharmacological and genomic characterisation of Ts IV, an alpha-toxin from the venom of the South ... hyperglycaemia and increased amylase enzyme activity. Martin et al. recorded the toxicity of TsIV as LD50 after subcutaneous (s ... January 1989). "Modification of Na channel gating by an alpha scorpion toxin from Tityus serrulatus". J. Gen. Physiol. 93 (1): ... "Alpha-scorpion toxin impairs a conformational change that leads to fast inactivation of muscle sodium channels". J. Gen. ...
Chronobiology University of Geneva Circadian Rhythm suprachiasmatic nucleus Rev-ErbA alpha PER CRY BMAL1 alpha-amylase CRE ...
Beans also contain alpha amylase inhibitor, but not in sufficient quantities to affect the digestion of starch after ... "Partially purified white bean amylase inhibitor reduces starch digestion in vitro and inactivates intraduodenal amylase in ...
The idea of the "alpha dog" trying to be dominant is based on a disproved theory about wolf packs. Pet dogs play an active role ... Similar to humans, some dog breeds produce amylase in their saliva and are classified as having a high starch diet. However, ... 1999). "Alpha status, dominance, and division of labor in wolf packs". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 77 (8): 1196-1203. doi: ... Compared to wolves, dogs from agricultural societies have extra copies of amylase and other genes involved in starch digestion ...
For instance, the enzyme Amylase is present in mammal saliva, that is stereo-specific for alpha-linkages, this is why mammals ... Stereochemical molecules differ in the way in which they rotate plane polarized light, or orientations of linkages (see alpha, ... which contain alpha-glycosidic linkages. This is relevant in how mammals are able to digest food. ...
α-amylase is a dimeric enzyme that can hydrolyse starch, amylose, and amylopectin, but not maltose The α-amylase of T. ... and is covered by a short alpha-helical loop or "lid" that moves to allow substrate access to the active site. A single ... amylase, xylanase, phytase, and chitinase. These enzymes have chemical, environmental, and industrial applications due to their ...
It has antioxidant properties [1]. It also has alpha-amylase inhibitory activities [2], because of which it may be useful for ...
2007). "Wheat IgE-mediated food allergy in European patients: alpha-amylase inhibitors, lipid transfer proteins and low- ... In addition, a gluten-extrinsic allergen has been identified as aspergillus amylase, added to flour to increase its baking ... A recent study in Europe confirmed the increased presence of allergies to amylase/trypsin inhibitors (serpins) and lipid ...

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