Almitrine. Medical search

A respiratory stimulant that enhances respiration by acting as an agonist of peripheral chemoreceptors located on the carotid bodies. The drug increases arterial oxygen tension while decreasing arterial carbon dioxide tension in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It may also prove useful in the treatment of nocturnal oxygen desaturation without impairing the quality of sleep.

Drugs used for their effects on the respiratory system.

Hypertrophy and dilation of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart that is caused by PULMONARY HYPERTENSION. This condition is often associated with pulmonary parenchymal or vascular diseases, such as CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE and PULMONARY EMBOLISM.

A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225)

A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.

Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.

The physiological narrowing of BLOOD VESSELS by contraction of the VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE.

Relatively complete absence of oxygen in one or more tissues.

The ratio of alveolar ventilation to simultaneous alveolar capillary blood flow in any part of the lung. (Stedman, 25th ed)

Activity involved in transfer of goods from producer to consumer or in the exchange of services.

Detailed account or statement or formal record of data resulting from empirical inquiry.

The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.

Organizations established by endowments with provision for future maintenance.

The application of nutritional principles to regulation of the diet and feeding persons or groups of persons.

Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.

A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.

A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).

The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body.

Techniques for supplying artificial respiration to a single lung.

A group of compounds that contain the general formula R-OCH3.

Gases or volatile liquids that vary in the rate at which they induce anesthesia; potency; the degree of circulation, respiratory, or neuromuscular depression they produce; and analgesic effects. Inhalation anesthetics have advantages over intravenous agents in that the depth of anesthesia can be changed rapidly by altering the inhaled concentration. Because of their rapid elimination, any postoperative respiratory depression is of relatively short duration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p173)

Surgery performed on the thoracic organs, most commonly the lungs and the heart.

A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.

A contagious disease caused by canine adenovirus (ADENOVIRUSES, CANINE) infecting the LIVER, the EYE, the KIDNEY, and other organs in dogs, other canids, and bears. Symptoms include FEVER; EDEMA; VOMITING; and DIARRHEA.

An NADPH-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-ARGININE and OXYGEN to produce CITRULLINE and NITRIC OXIDE.

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.

Diseases of the domestic dog (Canis familiaris). This term does not include diseases of wild dogs, WOLVES; FOXES; and other Canidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.

Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.

A CALCIUM-independent subtype of nitric oxide synthase that may play a role in immune function. It is an inducible enzyme whose expression is transcriptionally regulated by a variety of CYTOKINES.

The systematic identification and quantitation of all the metabolic products of a cell, tissue, organ, or organism under varying conditions. The METABOLOME of a cell or organism is a dynamic collection of metabolites which represent its net response to current conditions.

The largest country in North America, comprising 10 provinces and three territories. Its capital is Ottawa.

A province of western Canada, lying between the provinces of British Columbia and Saskatchewan. Its capital is Edmonton. It was named in honor of Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, the fourth daughter of Queen Victoria. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p26 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p12)

A province of Canada on the Pacific coast. Its capital is Victoria. The name given in 1858 derives from the Columbia River which was named by the American captain Robert Gray for his ship Columbia which in turn was named for Columbus. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p178 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p81-2)

The systematic study of the complete DNA sequences (GENOME) of organisms.

Longitudinal patient-maintained records of individual health history and tools that allow individual control of access.

Organizations representing specialized fields which are accepted as authoritative; may be non-governmental, university or an independent research organization, e.g., National Academy of Sciences, Brookings Institution, etc.

Productive or purposeful activities.

Ratio of output to effort, or the ratio of effort produced to energy expended.

The invasion of living tissues of man and other mammals by dipterous larvae.

The meaning ascribed to the BASE SEQUENCE with respect to how it is translated into AMINO ACID SEQUENCE. The start, stop, and order of amino acids of a protein is specified by consecutive triplets of nucleotides called codons (CODON).

People who take drugs for a non-therapeutic or non-medical effect. The drugs may be legal or illegal, but their use often results in adverse medical, legal, or social consequences for the users.

Assessment of physiological capacities in relation to job requirements. It is usually done by measuring certain physiological (e.g., circulatory and respiratory) variables during a gradually increasing workload until specific limitations occur with respect to those variables.

The aggregate business enterprise of building.

Inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: effect of noradrenalin. (1/32)

The combination of inhaled nitric oxide with almitrine bismesylate has been proposed for the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome in order to divert pulmonary blood flow away from poorly ventilated toward well-ventilated areas. The aims of this prospective and comparative study were to: 1) confirm the beneficial effects on oxygenation of this association; 2) evaluate the haemodynamic effects of this association; and 3) evaluate the influence of noradrenaline (a nonspecific vasoconstrictor) on the modification of gas exchange related to inhaled NO and/or almitrine bismesylate. Forty-one sedated paralysed and ventilated patients were investigated. Haemodynamic and blood gas measurements were performed in a fixed order: baseline; inhalation of NO for 30 min.; intravenous infusion of almitrine bismesylate; and concomitant administration of inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate. Inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate increased arterial oxygen tension (Pa,O2)/inspiratory oxygen fraction (FI,O2) (p<0.001). The association of inhaled NO with almitrine bismesylate resulted in a dramatic improvement in Pa,O2/FI,O2 (p<0.0001 versus almitrine bismesylate, p<0.05 versus inhaled NO). In patients receiving noradrenalin (n = 19), almitrine bismesylate had no effect on oxygenation. The present study confirmed that the combination of inhaled NO with almitrine bismesylate improved oxygenation, and demonstrated that almitrine bismesylate has no effect on oxygenation in patients receiving noradrenalin. (+info)

Effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung injury. (2/32)

BACKGROUND: Inhaled prostacyclin and intravenous almitrine have both been shown to improve pulmonary gas exchange in acute lung injury (ALI). This study was performed to investigate a possible additive effect of prostacyclin and almitrine on pulmonary ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) ratio in ALI compared with inhaled prostacyclin or intravenous almitrine alone. METHODS: Experimental ALI was established in 24 pigs by repeated lung lavage. Animals were randomly assigned to receive either 25 ng.kg(-1).min(-1) inhaled prostacyclin alone, 1 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) almitrine alone, 25 ng.kg(-1).min(-1) inhaled prostacyclin in combination with 1 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) almitrine, or no specific treatment (controls) for 30 min. For each intervention, pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamics were analyzed and VA/Q distributions were calculated using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. The data was analyzed within and between the groups by analysis of variance for repeated measurements, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test for multiple comparison when analysis of variance revealed significant differences. RESULTS: All values are expressed as mean +/- SD. In controls, pulmonary gas exchange, hemodynamics, and VA/Q distribution remained unchanged. With prostacyclin alone and almitrine alone, arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) increased, whereas intrapulmonary shunt (QS/QT) decreased (P < 0.05). Combined prostacyclin and almitrine also increased PaO2 and decreased QS/QT (P < 0.05). When compared with either prostacyclin or almitrine alone, the combined application of both drugs revealed no additional effect in gas exchange or VA/Q distribution. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that, in this experimental model of ALI, the combination of 25 ng.kg(-1).min(-1) prostacyclin and 1 microg.kg(-1).min(-1) almitrine does not result in an additive improvement of pulmonary gas exchange or VA/Q distribution when compared with prostacyclin or almitrine alone. (+info)

Association of oral almitrine and medroxyprogesterone acetate: effect on arterial blood gases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (3/32)

Almitrine (A) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MA) given separately improve arterial blood gases in some patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); the aim of this study was to assess the effect of the two drugs given together. Forty-eight patients with irreversible COPD and hypoxaemia were prospectively enrolled into a 14-day run-in period and received single-blind oral treatment with double placebo. Patients whose PaO2 remained stable (less than 10% change; n = 29, 25 males, mean age 65.6 years) were included in a 14-day active treatment period and randomly assigned to three groups. They received double-blind oral treatment with: A (50 mg bid, group A, n = 10); MA (20 mg tid, group MA, n = 9); A (50 mg bid) and MA (20 mg tid, group A+MA, n = 10). Anthropometric and spirometric measurements were similar in the three groups and so were the arterial blood gas values at the beginning and the end of the run-in period. At the end of the active treatment period, blood gas changes (mean+/-SE) were significantly different between groups (P<0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test), with improvement in both hypoxaemia and hypercapnia in group A+MA only: delta PaO2 = 7.4+/-1.9 mmHg, delta PaCO2 = -5.1+/-1.7 m mHg (P<0.05, Wilcoxon test). In short-term treatment, the association of A and MA is more efficient than either drug alone at improving arterial blood gases in COPD patients. (+info)

Effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats. (4/32)

BACKGROUND: Diaphragm muscle force and fatigue are key factors in the development of respiratory failure. Almitrine is used to improve ventilatory drive and ventilation-perfusion matching in respiratory failure. Recently, it has also been shown to improve diaphragm muscle force and endurance in young rats, but it is not known if this effect persists with ageing. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats. METHODS: In young and old rats, isometric contractile properties were measured in strips of isolated diaphragm muscle in physiological saline solution at 30 degrees C with or without almitrine. RESULTS: In young animals, almitrine increased twitch tension, reduced half-relaxation time and increased endurance, but had no effect on tetanic tension, contraction time or tension-frequency relationship. Ageing had no effect on endurance, but did reduce twitch and tetanic tension and contraction and half-relaxation time. Almitrine had no effect on contractile tension and kinetics, tension-frequency relationship or on endurance in the old animals. CONCLUSIONS: Ageing negates the beneficial effects of almitrine on diaphragm muscle force and endurance. (+info)

An investigation into the mechanism of action of almitrine on isolated rat diaphragm muscle fatigue. (5/32)

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that almitrine bismesylate, a respiratory stimulant which acts on the mitochondrial electron transport chain, enhances recovery of rat diaphragm muscle from fatigue. OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to investigate if the enhanced recovery is due to an anti-oxidant property of almitrine, since the electron transport chain is a major site of intracellular free radical production. METHODS: A low-frequency fatigue protocol was used (30 Hz; 250 ms; delivered once every 2 s for 5 min), and the effects of almitrine before and after fatigue onset were compared to those of the anti-oxidant compound N-acetylcysteine (NAC). RESULTS: Almitrine (6 and 10 microg/ml) given before fatigue gave better recovery rates than postfatigue application. In contrast, NAC (100 microM) application before fatigue onset was not as effective as NAC given immediately after the cessation of the fatigue protocol. However, almitrine (6 microg/ml) completely reversed the reduction in baseline twitch tension brought about by a free-radical-producing mixture of FeCl(3) + ADP (1 mM + 2.5 mM, respectively). CONCLUSION: The results of this study confirm that almitrine enhances recovery from fatigue and, in contrast to NAC prefatigue application, is more effective. Also, almitrine was shown to have an anti-oxidant effect, but it does not act like a typical anti-oxidant. (+info)

Effect of position, nitric oxide, and almitrine on lung perfusion in a porcine model of acute lung injury. (6/32)

In a porcine model of oleic acid-induced lung injury, the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and intravenous almitrine bismesylate (ivALM), which enhances the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction on the distribution of regional pulmonary blood flow (PBF), were assessed. After injection of 0.12 ml/kg oleic acid, 20 anesthetized and mechanically ventilated piglets [weight of 25 +/- 2.6 (SD) kg] were randomly divided into four groups: supine position, prone position, and 10 ppm iNO for 40 min followed by 4 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) ivALM for 40 min in supine position and in prone position. PBF was measured with positron emission tomography and H(2)15O. The redistribution of PBF was studied on a pixel-by-pixel basis. Positron emission tomography scans were performed before and then 120, 160, and 200 min after injury. With prone position alone, although PBF remained prevalent in the dorsal regions it was significantly redistributed toward the ventral regions (P < 0.001). A ventral redistribution of PBF was also obtained with iNO regardless of the position (P = 0.043). Adjunction of ivALM had no further effect on PBF redistribution. PP and iNO have an additive effect on ventral redistribution of PBF. (+info)

Effects of almitrine bismesylate on arterial blood gases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and moderate hypoxaemia: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (7/32)

BACKGROUND: Advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) generates high costs, especially when patients require domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT). Almitrine bismesylate has been shown to improve gas exchange in the lungs. Our hypothesis was that long-term treatment with almitrine might postpone the prescription of LTOT. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of almitrine sequential treatment on arterial blood gases in COPD patients with moderate hypoxaemia. METHODS: COPD patients with moderate hypoxaemia [partial oxygen tension in arterialised blood (PaO(2)) between 7.33 and 8.66 kPa (56-65 mm Hg)] were investigated. After a 1-month run-in period, patients were given either almitrine 100 mg per day or placebo for sequential treatment for a total of 12 months. RESULTS: 115 patients in a steady state (57 in the almitrine and 58 in the placebo group) were included. Mean age was 60 years, mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s was 34 +/- 13% of predicted and mean PaO(2) was 8.04 +/- 0.5 kPa (60.5 +/- 3.8 mm Hg). 38 patients were lost to follow-up, 23 in the almitrine and 15 in the placebo group. The majority of drop-outs were due to adverse events (AE; 16 in the almitrine and 9 in the placebo group). Almitrine treatment resulted in PaO(2) improvement of 0.43 +/- 0.88 kPa (3.2 +/- 6.6 mm Hg) (p = 0.003). The treatment effect between almitrine and placebo was 0.45 kPa (3.4 mm Hg) (p = 0.003). In the almitrine group, two distinct subgroups were observed: responders (n = 19) and non-responders (n = 38). Almitrine treatment in responders resulted in a clinically significant improvement in PaO(2) of 1.36 +/- 0.7 kPa (10.2 +/- 5.3 mm Hg) (p < 0.0001) and a reduction of partial carbon dioxide tension in arterialised blood. 31 patients experienced serious AE: 17 in the almitrine and 14 in the placebo group. Five patients died during the study (3 in the almitrine and 2 in the placebo group). Most AE occurring during the study were related to underlying disease. Clinical diagnosis of polyneuropathy resulted in the withdrawal of 5 patients in the almitrine group and 3 patients in the placebo group. Four patients in the almitrine group experienced weight loss. CONCLUSIONS: Almitrine treatment of patients with severe COPD and moderate hypoxaemia resulted in a small but significant improvement in PaO(2) over 12 months. A clinically important improvement in gas exchange was observed in 33% of treated patients. These patients may be candidates for long-term treatment. (+info)

An analysis of the action of an analogue of almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. (8/32)

Chronically hypoxic (CH) and normoxic control rats were used to assess the action of S9581, a water-soluble analogue of almitrine bismesylate. S9581 increased ventilation (Ve) by 34% in control and 20% in CH rats. During acute hypoxia Ve was raised and S9581 caused a further increase of 20% in both groups. Low doses of S9581 and almitrine enhanced the hypoxic ventilatory response in CH rats while high doses depressed it in both groups. Effects of S9581 on the pulmonary circulation were assessed in the isolated perfused lung of rats. As with almitrine a complex relationship of dose-dependent vasoconstriction and dilatation was revealed. In low doses, S9581 enhanced the hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstrictor response to 2% O2 whilst this was attenuated by high doses in both control and CH rats. S9581 seemed to act like almitrine bismesylate on both the ventilation (peripheral chemoreceptor) and the pulmonary circulation. For studying almitrine-like activity the water solubility of S9581 provides considerable advantages for the researcher. (+info)

... is part of the core structure for a number of drugs including almitrine, altretamine, cyromazine, ethylhexyl triazone ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melamine

... almitrine (INN) almokalant (INN) Almora almorexant INN almotriptan (INN) almoxatone (INN) almurtide (INN) alnespirone (INN) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_drugs:_Al

... almitrine MeSH D03.383.606.290 - cinnarizine MeSH D03.383.606.320 - cyclizine MeSH D03.383.606.350 - delavirdine MeSH D03.383. ... almitrine MeSH D03.383.931.135 - altretamine MeSH D03.383.931.190 - apazone MeSH D03.383.931.247 - atrazine MeSH D03.383. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MeSH_codes_(D03)

Other products: Agomelatine (Valdoxan, Melitor, Thymanax) Almitrine (Duxil, Vectarion) Amineptine (Survector, Maneon, Directim ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratoires_Servier

Doxapram R07AB02 Nikethamide R07AB03 Pentetrazol R07AB04 Etamivan R07AB05 Bemegride R07AB06 Prethcamide R07AB07 Almitrine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ATC_code_R07

... is a drug related to almitrine which acts as a respiratory stimulant, with its mechanism of action primarily thought to ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAL-021

... (marketed as Duxil by Servier) is a diphenylmethylpiperazine derivative classified as a respiratory stimulant by the ... They summarize two studies in which almitrine-raubasine improved some symptoms significantly more than placebo, especially in ... The clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine combination therapy for age related cerebral disorders and functional ... Flunarizine Diphenylmethylpiperazine Servier Allain H, Bentué-Ferrer D (1998). "Clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine. An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almitrine

... (INN) (brand name Nopron) is a sedative-hypnotic drug of the phenylpiperazine group.[1][2] It has been used in the treatment of sleep disturbances since the early 1970s in several European countries including France, Italy, and Luxembourg.[3][4] It is commonly used with children and adolescents on account of its favorable safety and tolerability profile and lack of abuse potential.[5][6][7][8][9][10] Originally believed to act as an antihistamine and anticholinergic,[11] niaprazine was later discovered to have low or no binding affinity for the H1 and mACh receptors (Ki = , 1 μM), and was instead found to act as a potent and selective 5-HT2A and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist (Ki = 75 nM and 86 nM, respectively).[12] It possesses low or no affinity for the 5-HT1A, 5-HT2B, D2, and β-adrenergic, as well as at SERT and VMAT (Ki = all , 1 μM), but it does have some affinity for the α2-adrenergic receptor (Ki = 730 nM),[12] likely acting as an antagonist there as well. Niaprazine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niaprazine

Classen K, Göthert M, Schlicker E (June 1984). "Effects of DU 24565 (6-nitroquipazine) on serotoninergic and noradrenergic neurones of the rat brain and comparison with the effects of quipazine". Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology. 326 (3): 198-202. doi:10.1007/bf00505318. PMID 6206407 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6-Nitroquipazine

... has also been found to increase the analgesic effects of opioid drugs in a dose-dependent manner, in contrast to 5-HT1A agonists such as 8-OH-DPAT which were found to reduce opioid analgesia.[22][23] However, since 5-HT1A agonists were also found to reduce opioid-induced respiratory depression and WAY-100635 was found to block this effect,[24] it is likely that 5-HT1A antagonists might worsen this side effect of opioids. Paradoxically, chronic administration of the very high efficacy 5-HT1A agonist befiradol results in potent analgesia following an initial period of hyperalgesia, an effect most likely linked to desensitisation and/or downregulation of 5-HT1A receptors (i.e. analogous to a 5-HT1A antagonist-like effect).[25][26][27] As with other 5-HT1A silent antagonists such as UH-301 and robalzotan, WAY 100635 can also induce a head-twitch response in rodents.[28] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAY-100635

The combination of BZP and TFMPP has been associated with a range of side effects, including insomnia, anxiety, nausea and vomiting, headaches and muscle aches which may resemble migraine, seizures, impotence, and rarely psychosis,[3] as well as a prolonged and unpleasant hangover effect. These side effects tend to be significantly worsened when the BZP/TFMPP mix is consumed alongside alcohol, especially the headache, nausea, and hangover. However, it is difficult to say how many of these side effects are produced by TFMPP itself, as it has rarely been marketed without BZP also being present, and all of the side effects mentioned are also produced by BZP (which has been sold as a single drug). Studies into other related piperazine drugs such as mCPP suggest that certain side effects such as anxiety, headache and nausea are common to all drugs of this class, and pills containing TFMPP are reported by users to produce comparatively more severe hangover effects than those containing only BZP. The ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta-Trifluoromethylphenylpiperazine

Abou-Gharbia MA, Childers WE, Fletcher H, et al. (December 1999). "Synthesis and SAR of adatanserin: novel adamantyl aryl- and heteroarylpiperazines with dual serotonin 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2) activity as potential anxiolytic and antidepressant agents". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 42 (25): 5077-94. doi:10.1021/jm9806704. PMID 10602693 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adatanserin

Novartis fought a seven-year, controversial battle to patent Gleevec in India, and took the case all the way to the Indian Supreme Court. The patent application at the center of the case was filed by Novartis in India in 1998, after India had agreed to enter the World Trade Organization and to abide by worldwide intellectual property standards under the TRIPS agreement. As part of this agreement, India made changes to its patent law, the biggest of which was that prior to these changes, patents on products were not allowed, while afterwards they were, albeit with restrictions. These changes came into effect in 2005, so Novartis' patent application waited in a "mailbox" with others until then, under procedures that India instituted to manage the transition. India also passed certain amendments to its patent law in 2005, just before the laws came into effect.[62][63] The patent application[50][64] claimed the final form of Gleevec (the beta crystalline form of imatinib mesylate).[65]:3 In 1993, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imatinib

Millan MJ, Newman-Tancredi A, Rivet JM, Brocco M, Lacroix P, Audinot V, Cistarelli L, Gobert A (1997). "S 15535, a novel benzodioxopiperazine ligand of serotonin (5-HT)1A receptors: I. Interaction with cloned human (h)5-HT1A, dopamine hD2/hD3 and h alpha2A-adrenergic receptors in relation to modulation of cortical monoamine release and activity in models of potential antidepressant activity". J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 282 (1): 132-147. PMID 9223549 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-15535

... is used to treat a wide variety of infections, including infections of bones and joints, endocarditis, gastroenteritis, malignant otitis externa, respiratory tract infections, cellulitis, urinary tract infections, prostatitis, anthrax, and chancroid.[2]. Ciprofloxacin only treats bacterial infections; it does not treat viral infections such as the common cold. For certain uses including acute sinusitis, lower respiratory tract infections and uncomplicated gonorrhea, ciprofloxacin is not considered a first-line agent.. Ciprofloxacin occupies an important role in treatment guidelines issued by major medical societies for the treatment of serious infections, especially those likely to be caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For example, ciprofloxacin in combination with metronidazole is one of several first-line antibiotic regimens recommended by the Infectious Diseases Society of America for the treatment of community-acquired abdominal infections in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cipro

The common, adverse drug reactions (side effects) are the same as with other PDE5 inhibitors. The frequent vardenafil-specific side-effect is nausea; the infrequent side effects are abdominal pain, back pain, photosensitivity, abnormal vision, eye pain, facial edema, hypotension, palpitation, tachycardia, arthralgia, myalgia, rash, itch, and priapism. One possibly serious, but rare, side effect with vardenafil is heart attack. Also, in rare cases, vardenafil use may cause priapism, a very painful emergency condition that can cause impotence if left untreated.[4] On 18 October 2007, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) announced that a warning about possible deafness (sudden hearing loss) would be added to the drug labels of vardenafil, and other PDE5 inhibitors.[5] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levitra

1-(1-Naphthyl)piperazine (1-NP) is a drug which is a phenylpiperazine derivative. It acts as a non-selective, mixed serotonergic agent, exerting partial agonism at the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT1E, and 5-HT1F receptors,[1][2][3] while antagonizing the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2B, and 5-HT2C receptors.[4][5][6] It has also been shown to possess high affinity for the 5-HT3, 5-HT5A, 5-HT6, and 5-HT7 receptors,[7][8][9][10] and may bind to 5-HT4 and the SERT as well.[11][12] In animals it produces effects including hyperphagia,[13][14][15] hyperactivity,[16][17] and anxiolysis,[17][18][19][20] of which are all likely mediated predominantly or fully by blockade of the 5-HT2C receptor. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthylpiperazine

... (Daptazile) is a respiratory stimulant traditionally used as an antidote for barbiturate or opiate overdose, usually in combination with bemegride,[1][2] as well as poisoning from other sedative drugs[3][4] and treatment of respiratory failure from other causes.[5] It was considered particularly useful as it could counteract the sedation and respiratory depression produced by morphine but with less effect on analgesia.[6][7] It is still rarely used in medicine in some countries, although it has largely been replaced by more effective respiratory stimulants such as doxapram and specific opioid antagonists such as naloxone.[8][9] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiphenazole

The action of azimilide is directed to the different currents present in atrial and ventricular cardiac myocytes. It principally blocks IKr, and IKs, with much weaker effects on INa, ICa, INCX and IK.Ach. The IKr(rapid)and IKs (slow) are inward rectifier potassium currents, responsible for repolarizing cardiac myocytes towards the end of the cardiac action potential. A somewhat higher concentration of azimilide is needed to block the IKs current. Both blockages result in an increase of the QT interval and a prolongation of atrial and ventricular refractory periods. Azimilide blocks hERG channels (which encode the IKr current) with an affinity comparable to that with which KvLQT1 / minK channels (which encode the IKs current) are blocked. This block exhibits reverse use-dependence, i.e. the channel blocking effect wanes at faster pulsing rates of the cell. A possible explanation is an interaction of azimilide with K+ close to its binding site in the ion channel. However, there is an agonist ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimilide

Almitrine (marketed as Duxil by Servier) is a diphenylmethylpiperazine derivative classified as a respiratory stimulant by the ... They summarize two studies in which almitrine-raubasine improved some symptoms significantly more than placebo, especially in ... The clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine combination therapy for age related cerebral disorders and functional ... Flunarizine Diphenylmethylpiperazine Servier Allain H, Bentué-Ferrer D (1998). "Clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine. An ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Almitrine

Bardsley, P. A., and Suggett, A. J., 1987, The carotid body and natriuresis: Effect of almitrine bismesylateBiomed. Biochim ... Labrid, C., 1984, Experimental trials and development of almitrine bismesylateMedicographia, 6:356.Google Scholar ... Laubie, M., and Schmitt, H., 1980, Long lasting hyperventilation inducedby almitrine: Evidence for a specific effect on carotid ... Does the Stimulation of Peripheral Arterial Chemoreceptors in Humans by Almitrine Bismesylate Inhibit Proximal Tubular ...

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-8938-5_43

... see colourful images of Almitrine and explore interactive 3D molecules of Almitrine ... Find out about the science and chemistry of Almitrine (Duxil), ... Almitrine will be administered orally to patients over a seven- ... click on the picture of Almitrine above to interact with the 3D model of the. Almitrine structure (this will open a new browser ... Researchers say Almitrine could have the same effect in COVID-19 patients, with the potential to help restore the natural ...

https://www.3dchem.com/Almitrine.asp

Interactions between hypoxic and almitrine-induced vasoconstriction in the rat lung P. C. Russell P. C. Russell ... The Effects of Almitrine on the Ventilatory Response to Hypoxia and Hypercapnia in Normal Subjects Clin Sci (Lond) (October, ... 4. Almitrine solvent caused small changes in pulmonary artery pressure and shifted the stimulus-response curve slightly in a ... 2. Almitrine, given in increasing doses between challenges with 2% O2, enhanced hypoxic vasoconstriction at low doses but ...

https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/82/3/265/75676/Interactions-between-hypoxic-and-almitrineinduced

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves ...

https://rd.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03283628

The Global and Chinese Almitrine dimesylate Industry, 2011-2021 Market... ... 150 Pages Report] Check for Discount on Global and Chinese Almitrine dimesylate (CAS 29608-49-9) Industry, 2016 Market Research ... 8.3 Effects to Almitrine dimesylate Industry Chapter Nine Market Dynamics of Almitrine dimesylate Industry 9.1 Almitrine ... 1.1 Brief Introduction of Almitrine dimesylate 1.2 Development of Almitrine dimesylate Industry 1.3 Status of Almitrine ...

http://www.reportsnreports.com/reports/593088-global-and-chinese-almitrine-dimesylate-cas-29608-49-9-industry-2016-market-research-report.html

... hydroxy metabolite of almitrine show almitrine-like activity; and (3) because almitrine is mainly metabolized by the liver and ... Intravenous almitrine consistently improved the PaO2: FI (O)2ratio in patients with ALI. Intravenous almitrine was also ... In the current article, we report the use of almitrine in 25 consecutive patients with acute lung injury (ALI). Almitrine was ... 22] recently showed that almitrine may alter the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis. In cultures of hepatocytes almitrine ...

https://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=2028306&resultClick=1

Almitrine decreased both the cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratios but had no effect on oxygen consumption in cells ... On the one hand, a decrease in the ATP/ADP ratio decreases ATP utilization; on the other hand, in the presence of almitrine ... Almitrine did affect gluconeogenesis from various substrates (lactate + pyruvate, glycerone or fructose), but had no effect on ... Acta 1018, 91-97]. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of almitrine on gluconeogenesis and oxygen consumption ...

https://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-00390261

Effects of almitrine on respiration in unanesthetized newborn rabbits. D. E. Weese-Mayer, L. M. Klemka, R. T. Brouillette, C. E ... Effects of almitrine on respiration in unanesthetized newborn rabbits. / Weese-Mayer, D. E.; Klemka, L. M.; Brouillette, R. T ... We found that a 7.5-mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of almitrine increased f to 135±9% (SE) of base line and decreased TE and TI to ... We found that a 7.5-mg/kg intraperitoneal dose of almitrine increased f to 135±9% (SE) of base line and decreased TE and TI to ...

https://www.scholars.northwestern.edu/en/publications/effects-of-almitrine-on-respiration-in-unanesthetized-newborn-rab

We are sorry, there are no companies found in " ALMITRINE BISMESYLATE" Listing your company for ALMITRINE BISMESYLATE allows ... ALMITRINE BISMESYLATE manufacturers and suppliers. Search. Search by Drug Name, Company, CAS, Chem formula, IUPAC Name, Country ...

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Severe Hypoxemia Associated With Liver Disease: Mayo Clinic Experience and the Experimental Use of Almitrine Bismesylate. Mayo ... A. (1987). Severe Hypoxemia Associated With Liver Disease: Mayo Clinic Experience and the Experimental Use of Almitrine ... Severe Hypoxemia Associated With Liver Disease : Mayo Clinic Experience and the Experimental Use of Almitrine Bismesylate. / ... Among five of these patients who were given almitrine bismesylate, an experimental medication thought to alter ventilation- ...

https://asu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/severe-hypoxemia-associated-with-liver-disease-mayo-clinic-experi

After almitrine bismesylate overall ventilation breathing air increased by 10% but this did not reach statistical significance ... The estimated ideal alveolar arterial PO2 difference (AaDO2) was less after almitrine bismesylate compared to placebo, when ... During 28% oxygen breathing, almitrine bismesylate hardly altered overall ventilation but the inspiratory duty cycle (TI/TTOT) ... Almitrine bismesylate (100 mg orally) significantly raised PaO2 and lowered PaCO2 in six patients with chronic obstructive ...

https://www.ndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/71575

Nitric oxide and almitrine. Nitric oxide (NO) and prone positioning may improve oxygenation when used separately. In patients ... The suggested approach is to use NO first and add almitrine subsequently at increasing dosage 43. However, these findings are ... Almitrine augments hypoxic vasoconstriction redirecting blood flow to well-ventilated alveoli, but may exacerbate severe ... Other authors have suggested that the combination of NO with almitrine bismesylate would enhance the beneficial effects of ...

https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/20/4/1017?ijkey=78fb06d9de92cb629e34c73f1153bb9550b2f68a&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

A1150 ALMITRINE INDUCED PaO2INCREASE PERSISTS IN ABSENCE OF PUIMONARY PRESSURE INCREASE P Plaisance, MD; P Plaisance, MD ... Inhaled Nitric Oxide, Almitrine Infusion, or Their Coadministration as a Treatment of Severe Hypoxemic Focal Lung Lesions ... Intravenous Almitrine Bismesylate Reversibly Induces Lactic Acidosis and Hepatic Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Lung Injury ... P Plaisance, A Mebazaa, D Payen; A1150 ALMITRINE INDUCED PaO2INCREASE PERSISTS IN ABSENCE OF PUIMONARY PRESSURE INCREASE. ...

https://pubs.asahq.org/anesthesiology/article/73/3A/NA/48863/A1150-ALMITRINE-INDUCED-PaO2INCREASE-PERSISTS-IN

EFFECTS OF ALMITRINE ON INTERREGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF VENTILATION AND PERFUSION IN CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS ... EFFECTS OF ALMITRINE ON INTERREGIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF VENTILATION AND PERFUSION IN CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS ...

https://www.expmedndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/71786

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https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Piperazines

Almitrine / pharmacology. Hypoxia / drug therapy. COVID-19 / drug therapy. Respiratory Distress Syndrome / drug therapy. SARS- ... Role of almitrine bismesylate in managing refractory hypoxemia in COVID19 acute respiratory distress syndrome Authors ... Efficacy of almitrine in the treatment of hypoxemia in Sars-Cov-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest 2020. doi: https ... Cardinale M, Esnault P, Cotte J, Cungi PJ, Goutorbe P. Effect of almitrine bismesylate and inhaled nitric oxide on oxygenation ...

https://vlibrary.emro.who.int/imemr/role-of-almitrine-bismesylate-in-managing-refractory-hypoxemia-in-covid19-acute-respiratory-distress-syndrome/

... almitrine failed to improve oxygenation and increased pulmonary artery pressure. The combination of sevoflurane and almitrine ... almitrine failed to improve oxygenation and increased pulmonary artery pressure. The combination of sevoflurane and almitrine ... almitrine failed to improve oxygenation and increased pulmonary artery pressure. The combination of sevoflurane and almitrine ... almitrine failed to improve oxygenation and increased pulmonary artery pressure. The combination of sevoflurane and almitrine ...

https://portalrecerca.uab.cat/en/publications/almitrine-fails-to-improve-oxygenation-during-one-lung-ventilatio

Almitrine and Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Acute Respiratory Failure. Payen, D. M. (et al.) ...

http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783642799228

This updated edition in the long standing series provides the latest information on many individual drugs, including the most complete coverage of their adverse reactions and interactions.

https://corp.credoreference.com/component/booktracker/edition/11102.html

Almitrine. Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1. target. Hydroxyfasudil. Rho-associated protein kinase 1. ...

https://www.drugbank.ca/categories/DBCAT000513

Almitrine. 477.5522. C26H29F2N7. For the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.. Respiratory System Agents. ...

https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs?approved=1&c=name&d=up&page=3&type=biotech

Evaluation of Almitrine Infusion During Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress ...

https://journals.lww.com/anesthesia-analgesia/toc/2019/08000

Almitrine Dimesylate; Raubasine. Dysport. Botulinum Toxin Type A. Ebixa. Memantine Hydrochloride. Efexor XR. Venlafaxine ...

http://drugs-about.com/firms/ids-group.html

Intravenous almitrine combined with inhaled nitric oxide for acute respiratory distress syndrome. The NO Almitrine Study Group ... Effect of almitrine on ventilation-perfusion distribution in adult respiratory distress syndrome. Am Rev Respir Dis1988;137: ... In small studies the pulmonary vasoconstrictor almitrine improved oxygenation in patients with ARDS.17 It has been suggested ... that low dose intravenous almitrine potentiates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and the combination of almitrine and inhaled ...

https://thorax.bmj.com/content/57/9/823

... almitrine, and doxapram, GAL021 also acts as a K+-channel blocker at the carotid bodies. Similar to almitrine, it acts through ... almitrine reversed fentanyl-induced respiratory depression without affecting analgesia.102 However, almitrine does not ... Almitrine is a piperazine derivative that induces long-lasting stimulation of ventilation and increases the slope of the ... In dogs, almitrine was shown to antagonize the depressant effects of fentanyl on respiratory neurons recorded in anesthetized ...

https://anesthesiology.pubs.asahq.org/article.aspx?articleid=2675905

R07AB07 Almitrine. R07AB08 Dimefline. R07AB09 Mepixanox. R07AB52 Nikethamide, combinations. R07AB53 Pentetrazol, combinations. ...

http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=ATC_code_R07&oldid=667345

Almitrine in low dose potentiates vasoconstrictor responses of isolated rat lungs to moderate hypoxia. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=search&term=Hampl%2BV%5BAU%5DNOT

Almitrine-Raubasine combination for dementia Cochrane Systematic Reviews, 15-Feb-2011 Almitrine-raubasine combination (brand ...

http://www.essentialevidenceplus.com/content/cochrane?class=Psych

Almitrine bismesylate(29608-49-9?,Bethanechol chloride?590-63-6),Chlorzoxazone(95-25-0),Probenecid(57-66-9),Tiopronin(1953-02-2 ... Almitrine bismesylate(29608-49-9?,Bethanechol chloride?590-63-6),Chlorzoxazone(95-25-0),Probenecid(57-66-9),Tiopronin(1953-02-2 ...

https://www.cphi.com/china/exhibitors/nanyang-tianhua-pharmaceutical-coltd

Does the Stimulation of Peripheral Arterial Chemoreceptors in Humans by Almitrine Bismesylate Inhibit Proximal Tubular Reabsorption? (springer.com)
Almitrine bismesylate, a drug first developed in France, has been successful in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome by constricting the blood vessels in regions of the lung where the oxygen is low. (3dchem.com)
ORAL almitrine bismesylate has been used for many years to improve gas exchange in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (asahq.org)
Listing your company for ALMITRINE BISMESYLATE allows buyers to find your information through our directory pages which appear in the top positions when a search is conducted in Google, Yahoo! (poulvet.com)
Among five of these patients who were given almitrine bismesylate, an experimental medication thought to alter ventilation-perfusion relationships in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, one had improved oxygenation. (elsevier.com)
KROWKA, MICHAELJ & CORTESE, DENISA 1987, ' Severe Hypoxemia Associated With Liver Disease: Mayo Clinic Experience and the Experimental Use of Almitrine Bismesylate ', Mayo Clinic Proceedings , vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 164-173. (elsevier.com)
Pattern of breathing and gas exchange following oral almitrine bismesylate in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (ox.ac.uk)
Almitrine bismesylate (100 mg orally) significantly raised PaO2 and lowered PaCO2 in six patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, compared to placebo, when they were breathing air or 28% oxygen. (ox.ac.uk)
The estimated ideal alveolar arterial PO2 difference (AaDO2) was less after almitrine bismesylate compared to placebo, when patients were breathing either air or 28% oxygen. (ox.ac.uk)
After almitrine bismesylate overall ventilation breathing air increased by 10% but this did not reach statistical significance. (ox.ac.uk)
During 28% oxygen breathing, almitrine bismesylate hardly altered overall ventilation but the inspiratory duty cycle (TI/TTOT) decreased and mean inspiratory flow rate (VT/TI) increased compared to placebo. (ox.ac.uk)
Abhijit Sukumaran Nair ,Sai Kaushik Pulipaka ,Poornachand Anne ,Basanth Kumar Rayani , Role of almitrine bismesylate in managing refractory hypoxemia in COVID19 acute respiratory distress syndrome, Saudi J. Anaesth. (who.int)
High or low doses of almitrine bismesylate in ARDS patients responding to inhaled NO and receiving norepinephrine? (who.int)
Cardinale M, Esnault P, Cotte J, Cungi PJ, Goutorbe P. Effect of almitrine bismesylate and inhaled nitric oxide on oxygenation in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome. (who.int)
Almitrine bismesylate(29608-49-9? (cphi.com)
Almitrine bismesylate reduces hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction in isolated rat lungs. (nii.ac.jp)
Pharmacologic treatment with almitrine bismesylate, somatostatin analog, and indomethacin and treatment with plasmapheresis have been disappointing. (annals.org)
Haemodynamics and gas exchange in liver cirrhosis: The effect of orally administered almitrine bismesylate. (medigraphic.com)

In the present study, we have investigated the effect of almitrine on gluconeogenesis and oxygen consumption in isolated hepatocytes. (inserm.fr)

Acute Cor pulmonale in COVID-19-Related ARDS: Improvement with almitrine infusion. (who.int)
In the case of refractory hypoxemia, the usual adjunctive therapeutics can be used: NO, prone position, HFO ventilation, almitrine infusion. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Comparative blood gases were done before starting almitrine trial and immediately after the end of the infusion. (bvsalud.org)
A positive response to almitrine was defined by an increase of Pao2/Fio2 ratio greater than or equal to 20% at the end of the infusion. (bvsalud.org)
Thirty-two patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome received an almitrine infusion trial. (bvsalud.org)
CONCLUSIONS: Almitrine infusion improved oxygenation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome without adverse effects. (bvsalud.org)

1. To test whether almitrine might improve the arterial partial pressure of O 2 in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease by improvement of ventilation-perfusion matching, we looked at the interaction between hypoxic and almitrine-induced vasoconstriction in isolated rat lungs perfused with blood at constant flow. (portlandpress.com)
2. Almitrine, given in increasing doses between challenges with 2% O 2 , enhanced hypoxic vasoconstriction at low doses but attenuated it at high doses. (portlandpress.com)
8. Almitrine-induced vasoconstriction was attenuated by a fall in perfusate temperature in a similar manner to hypoxic vasoconstriction. (portlandpress.com)
The similarity between hypoxic and almitrine-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction is further confirmed. (portlandpress.com)
The recent development of inhaled therapies, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostacyclin, to manipulate the flow component of the ventilation-perfusion ratio prompted us and others [7-9] to combine these therapies with almitrine to optimize the Pa O 2 of severely hypoxic patients. (asahq.org)
abstract = "Objective Almitrine enhances hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and can improve hypoxemia related to one-lung ventilation (OLV). (uab.cat)
In a multistep clinical approach to manage severe hypoxemia in this population, almitrine could be an interesting therapeutic option to counteract the loss of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and redistribute blood flow away from shunting zones. (bvsalud.org)

Recruitment maneuvers, inhaled nitric oxide, inhaled prostacyclin, or intravenous almitrine were available when oxygenation objectives were not met. (emcrit.org)

5. Small doses of almitrine enhanced the action of mild to moderate hypoxia, medium doses attenuated moderately severe hypoxia, whereas high doses depressed vasoconstriction due to all degrees of hypoxia. (portlandpress.com)
7. In patients, if similar effects apply, small doses of almitrine would assist ventilation-perfusion matching, but large doses might worsen it. (portlandpress.com)

The clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine combination therapy for age related cerebral disorders and functional rehabilitation after stroke has been reviewed by Allain and Bentué-Ferrer. (wikipedia.org)
They summarize two studies in which almitrine-raubasine improved some symptoms significantly more than placebo, especially in vascular cases. (wikipedia.org)
Clinical efficacy of almitrine-raubasine. (wikipedia.org)
The second group (50 patients) was given 40 mg of Duxilâ (almitrine + raubasine) three times a day for 12 weeks. (innovations-report.com)
The SFDA ordered the suspension of the production, sales and use of Duxil (almitrine and raubasine), a dementia drug from Franceâ€™s Servier, due to its 'unobvious' efficacy. (medschat.com)

Efficacy of almitrine in the treatment of hypoxemia in Sars-Cov-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome. (who.int)
INTERVENTIONS: Almitrine was considered in patients with severe hypoxemia (Pao2/Fio2 ratio (bvsalud.org)

Almitrine (marketed as Duxil by Servier) is a diphenylmethylpiperazine derivative classified as a respiratory stimulant by the ATC. (wikipedia.org)
The active ingredient in Duxil is Almitrine, it's most commonly used as a respiratory stimulant. (medschat.com)

We previously demonstrated that almitrine, a peripheral chemoreceptor stimulant, increased tidal volume (VT), expired minute ventilation (V̇E), and respiratory frequency (f) and decreased inspiratory (TI) and expiratory time (TE) in sleeping adult cats. (northwestern.edu)
We now hypothesized that almitrine would induce an increase in ventilation in a young animal model. (northwestern.edu)
Recognizing that apnea is associated with inadequate ventilation and a prolonged TE (failure of the 'inspiratory on-switch'), these results, particularly the increase in f and decrease in TE, suggest that almitrine might be useful in treating apnea in preterm infants. (northwestern.edu)
Improvement in ventilation-perfusion matching by almitrine in COPD. (ac.be)

This study's aim was to evaluate whether almitrine could improve oxygenation when administered during OLV with sevoflurane anesthesia. (uab.cat)
Conclusions During anesthesia with sevoflurane for open-chest OLV, almitrine failed to improve oxygenation and increased pulmonary artery pressure. (uab.cat)
The present study assessed the effect of almitrine, a selective pulmonary vasoconstrictor, on arterial oxygenation in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome. (bvsalud.org)

Researchers say Almitrine could have the same effect in COVID-19 patients, with the potential to help restore the natural protective process in the lungs and increase oxygen levels in the arterial blood. (3dchem.com)

Losser MR, Lapoix C, Delannoy M, Champigneulle B, Payen D. Almitrine as a non-ventilatory strategy to improve intrapulmonary shunt in COVID-19 patients. (who.int)
At 30-minutes of OLV, PaO2 was 184±67 mmHg in the almitrine group and 145±56 mmHg in the placebo group, while shunt fraction were 31%±6% and 36%±13%, respectively. (uab.cat)

In the current article, we report the use of almitrine in 25 consecutive patients with acute lung injury (ALI). (asahq.org)
Effect of Almitrine in Acute Canine Lung Injury Induced by Paraquat. (nii.ac.jp)

Almitrine will be administered orally to patients over a seven-day period to determine whether it is effective in reducing the need for other forms of ventilatory support. (3dchem.com)

The ''Global and Chinese Almitrine dimesylate Industry, 2011-2021 Market Research Report'' is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the global Almitrine dimesylate industry with a focus on the Chinese market. (reportsnreports.com)
The report provides key statistics on the market status of the Almitrine dimesylate manufacturers and is a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and individuals interested in the industry.Firstly, the report provides a basic overview of the industry including its definition, applications and manufacturing technology. (reportsnreports.com)
Through the statistical analysis, the report depicts the global and Chinese total market of Almitrine dimesylate industry including capacity, production, production value, cost/profit, supply/demand and Chinese import/export. (reportsnreports.com)
The report then estimates 2016-2021 market development trends of Almitrine dimesylate industry. (reportsnreports.com)
In the end, the report makes some important proposals for a new project of Almitrine dimesylate Industry before evaluating its feasibility. (reportsnreports.com)
Overall, the report provides an in-depth insight of 2011-2021 global and Chinese Almitrine dimesylate industry covering all important parameters. (reportsnreports.com)
5.2 Market Competition of Almitrine dimesylate Industry by Country (USA, EU, Japan, Chinese etc. (reportsnreports.com)

The combination of sevoflurane and almitrine should, therefore, be avoided. (uab.cat)
The authors concluded that the composition of almitrine and sevoflurane be avoided. (nippon-kan.org)

or= to 150 mmHg, and treated with almitrine after therapeutic optimization (see therapeutic strategy) were included prospectively. (asahq.org)

Intravenous almitrine has been used successfully for short-term improvement of Pa O 2 in patients with acute respiratory failure. (asahq.org)
Scant information exists regarding side effects of short-term intravenous almitrine treatment in patients in the intensive care unit. (asahq.org)
[11] reported severe hepatic cytolysis during intravenous almitrine treatment in a patient with posttraumatic ARDS. (asahq.org)

Are peripheral nerve disorders associated with almitrine? (springer.com)

Laubie, M., and Schmitt, H., 1980, Long lasting hyperventilation inducedby almitrine: Evidence for a specific effect on carotid and thoracic chemoreceptors Eur. (springer.com)
Almitrine decreased both the cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP/ADP ratios but had no effect on oxygen consumption in cells incubated with and without octanoate. (inserm.fr)
Almitrine did affect gluconeogenesis from various substrates (lactate + pyruvate, glycerone or fructose), but had no effect on glycerol or glutamine metabolism. (inserm.fr)
Studies using almitrine have been conducted without inhaled anesthetics because they could inhibit HPV, counteracting the effect of almitrine. (uab.cat)

[2,3] In addition, the association of weight loss and worsening pulmonary hypertension has reduced considerably the use of almitrine for the long-term treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (asahq.org)

4. Almitrine solvent caused small changes in pulmonary artery pressure and shifted the stimulus-response curve slightly in a parallel fashion. (portlandpress.com)

on the other hand, in the presence of almitrine more oxygen is required to synthesize ATP. (inserm.fr)

Interventions Patients were assigned randomly to receive almitrine or placebo during OLV. (uab.cat)
Two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare the effects of almitrine and placebo. (uab.cat)

A clinical trial began this week to test whether a drug called Almitrine can help people who are seriously ill with COVID-19 to recover from the disease. (3dchem.com)

These two side effects were reversed after almitrine was discontinued. (asahq.org)
Although the contemn of almitrine appears to be attractive, this panacea is not without side effects. (nippon-kan.org)

Decrease in cytosolic ATP/ADP ratio and activation of pyruvate kinase after in vitro addition of almitrine in hepatocytes isolated from fasted rats. (inserm.fr)

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Inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: effect of noradrenalin. (1/32)

Effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung injury. (2/32)

Association of oral almitrine and medroxyprogesterone acetate: effect on arterial blood gases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (3/32)

Effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats. (4/32)

An investigation into the mechanism of action of almitrine on isolated rat diaphragm muscle fatigue. (5/32)

Effect of position, nitric oxide, and almitrine on lung perfusion in a porcine model of acute lung injury. (6/32)

Effects of almitrine bismesylate on arterial blood gases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and moderate hypoxaemia: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (7/32)

An analysis of the action of an analogue of almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. (8/32)

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Inhaled NO and almitrine bismesylate in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: effect of noradrenalin. (1/32)

Effect of inhaled prostacyclin in combination with almitrine on ventilation-perfusion distributions in experimental lung injury. (2/32)

Association of oral almitrine and medroxyprogesterone acetate: effect on arterial blood gases in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (3/32)

Effects of almitrine on diaphragm contractile properties in young and old rats. (4/32)

An investigation into the mechanism of action of almitrine on isolated rat diaphragm muscle fatigue. (5/32)

Effect of position, nitric oxide, and almitrine on lung perfusion in a porcine model of acute lung injury. (6/32)

Effects of almitrine bismesylate on arterial blood gases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and moderate hypoxaemia: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. (7/32)

An analysis of the action of an analogue of almitrine bismesylate in the rat model of hypoxic lung disease. (8/32)

Intravenous Almitrine Bismesylate Reversibly Induces Lactic Acidosis and Hepatic Dysfunction in Patients with Acute Lung Injury...

Almitrine fails to improve oxygenation during one-lung ventilation with sevoflurane anesthesia<...

Global and Chinese Almitrine dimesylate (CAS 29608-49-9) Industry, 2016 Market Research Report : ReportsnReports

Interactions between hypoxic and almitrine-induced vasoconstriction in the rat lung | Clinical Science | Portland Press

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The effect of pure oxygen or air/oxygen mixture on arterial blood oxygenation in spontaneously ventilated isoflurane...

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Replies to A severe case of iatrogenic lactation ketoacidosis

Emerging treatments - SGPH - Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Pulmonale Hypertonie

Clinical presentation - SGPH - Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Pulmonale Hypertonie

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Hampl+V[AU]NOT(Flegr+J[AU])NOT(Roger[AU])NOT(Parasito[ALL])NOT(Paras - PubMed - NCBI