AnatomyOrganismsChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Allosteric RegulationAllosteric SiteModels, MolecularGlucose-1-Phosphate AdenylyltransferaseKineticsProtein ConformationPyruvate KinaseBinding SitesProtein Structure, QuaternaryCrystallography, X-RayProtein BindingProtein Structure, TertiaryCatalytic DomainRibonucleotide ReductasesAmino Acid SequenceGlyceric AcidsMolecular Sequence DataBithionolAspartate CarbamoyltransferaseLigandsEscherichia coliProtein MultimerizationChorismate MutaseFructosediphosphatesGlutamate DehydrogenaseGlycerol KinaseAdenosine TriphosphateUridine MonophosphateMutagenesis, Site-DirectedStructure-Activity RelationshipProtein SubunitsAdenosine MonophosphatePhosphofructokinase-1Molecular Dynamics SimulationAmino Acids, AromaticProtein Structure, SecondaryDimerizationMutationGlucose-6-PhosphateCatalysisNucleotidyltransferasesPhosphoglycerate DehydrogenaseBiocatalysisSubstrate SpecificityAdenosine DiphosphateThermodynamicsSequence Homology, Amino AcidMolecular ConformationRecombinant ProteinsHydrogen BondingModels, ChemicalEscherichia coli ProteinsHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationBacterial ProteinsEnzyme ActivationModels, BiologicalHemoglobinsNucleotidesAmino Acid SubstitutionMolecular StructurePhosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase SystemProtein EngineeringEnzyme StabilityGuanosine TriphosphatePhosphorylationGlycogenAspartic AcidHistidineOxygenGlycogen SynthaseRabbitsIon Channel GatingMagnesiumPeptidesBase SequenceSpectrometry, FluorescenceProtein FoldingProteinsMacromolecular SubstancesCloning, MolecularTemperatureCell LineN-MethylscopolamineEnzyme InhibitorsCalcium
Allosteric Regulation
The modification of the reactivity of ENZYMES by the binding of effectors to sites (ALLOSTERIC SITES) on the enzymes other than the substrate BINDING SITES.
Allosteric Site
A site on an enzyme which upon binding of a modulator, causes the enzyme to undergo a conformational change that may alter its catalytic or binding properties.
Models, Molecular
Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.
Glucose-1-Phosphate Adenylyltransferase
An ATP-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the addition of ADP to alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate to form ADP-glucose and diphosphate. The reaction is the rate-limiting reaction in prokaryotic GLYCOGEN and plant STARCH biosynthesis.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Protein Conformation
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Pyruvate Kinase
ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four isozymes (L, R, M1, and M2). Deficiency of the enzyme results in hemolytic anemia. EC 2.7.1.40.
Binding Sites
The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.
Protein Structure, Quaternary
The characteristic 3-dimensional shape and arrangement of multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain).
Crystallography, X-Ray
The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)
Protein Binding
The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.
Protein Structure, Tertiary
The level of protein structure in which combinations of secondary protein structures (alpha helices, beta sheets, loop regions, and motifs) pack together to form folded shapes called domains. Disulfide bridges between cysteines in two different parts of the polypeptide chain along with other interactions between the chains play a role in the formation and stabilization of tertiary structure. Small proteins usually consist of only one domain but larger proteins may contain a number of domains connected by segments of polypeptide chain which lack regular secondary structure.
Catalytic Domain
The region of an enzyme that interacts with its substrate to cause the enzymatic reaction.
Ribonucleotide Reductases
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Glyceric Acids
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Bithionol
Halogenated anti-infective agent that is used against trematode and cestode infestations.
Aspartate Carbamoyltransferase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate to yield orthophosphate and N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.1.3.2.
Ligands
A molecule that binds to another molecule, used especially to refer to a small molecule that binds specifically to a larger molecule, e.g., an antigen binding to an antibody, a hormone or neurotransmitter binding to a receptor, or a substrate or allosteric effector binding to an enzyme. Ligands are also molecules that donate or accept a pair of electrons to form a coordinate covalent bond with the central metal atom of a coordination complex. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Protein Multimerization
The assembly of the QUATERNARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE of multimeric proteins (MULTIPROTEIN COMPLEXES) from their composite PROTEIN SUBUNITS.
Chorismate Mutase
An isomerase that catalyzes the conversion of chorismic acid to prephenic acid. EC 5.4.99.5.
Fructosediphosphates
Diphosphoric acid esters of fructose. The fructose-1,6- diphosphate isomer is most prevalent. It is an important intermediate in the glycolysis process.
Glutamate Dehydrogenase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-glutamate and water to 2-oxoglutarate and NH3 in the presence of NAD+. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 1.4.1.2.
Glycerol Kinase
An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glycerol 3-phosphate from ATP and glycerol. Dihydroxyacetone and L-glyceraldehyde can also act as acceptors; UTP and, in the case of the yeast enzyme, ITP and GTP can act as donors. It provides a way for glycerol derived from fats or glycerides to enter the glycolytic pathway. EC 2.7.1.30.
Adenosine Triphosphate
An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.
Uridine Monophosphate
5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
Structure-Activity Relationship
The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.
Protein Subunits
Single chains of amino acids that are the units of multimeric PROTEINS. Multimeric proteins can be composed of identical or non-identical subunits. One or more monomeric subunits may compose a protomer which itself is a subunit structure of a larger assembly.
Adenosine Monophosphate
Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position.
Phosphofructokinase-1
An allosteric enzyme that regulates glycolysis by catalyzing the transfer of a phosphate group from ATP to fructose-6-phosphate to yield fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. D-tagatose- 6-phosphate and sedoheptulose-7-phosphate also are acceptors. UTP, CTP, and ITP also are donors. In human phosphofructokinase-1, three types of subunits have been identified. They are PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, MUSCLE TYPE; PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, LIVER TYPE; and PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE-1, TYPE C; found in platelets, brain, and other tissues.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation
A computer simulation developed to study the motion of molecules over a period of time.
Amino Acids, Aromatic
Amino acids containing an aromatic side chain.
Protein Structure, Secondary
The level of protein structure in which regular hydrogen-bond interactions within contiguous stretches of polypeptide chain give rise to alpha helices, beta strands (which align to form beta sheets) or other types of coils. This is the first folding level of protein conformation.
Dimerization
The process by which two molecules of the same chemical composition form a condensation product or polymer.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Glucose-6-Phosphate
An ester of glucose with phosphoric acid, made in the course of glucose metabolism by mammalian and other cells. It is a normal constituent of resting muscle and probably is in constant equilibrium with fructose-6-phosphate. (Stedman, 26th ed)
Catalysis
The facilitation of a chemical reaction by material (catalyst) that is not consumed by the reaction.
Nucleotidyltransferases
A class of enzymes that transfers nucleotidyl residues. EC 2.7.7.
Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase
An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate. It takes part in the L-SERINE biosynthesis pathway.
Biocatalysis
The facilitation of biochemical reactions with the aid of naturally occurring catalysts such as ENZYMES.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Adenosine Diphosphate
Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.
Thermodynamics
A rigorously mathematical analysis of energy relationships (heat, work, temperature, and equilibrium). It describes systems whose states are determined by thermal parameters, such as temperature, in addition to mechanical and electromagnetic parameters. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed)
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.
Molecular Conformation
The characteristic three-dimensional shape of a molecule.
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Hydrogen Bonding
A low-energy attractive force between hydrogen and another element. It plays a major role in determining the properties of water, proteins, and other compounds.
Models, Chemical
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of chemical processes or phenomena; includes the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Escherichia coli Proteins
Proteins obtained from ESCHERICHIA COLI.
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Bacterial Proteins
Proteins found in any species of bacterium.
Enzyme Activation
Conversion of an inactive form of an enzyme to one possessing metabolic activity. It includes 1, activation by ions (activators); 2, activation by cofactors (coenzymes); and 3, conversion of an enzyme precursor (proenzyme or zymogen) to an active enzyme.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Hemoglobins
The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.
Nucleotides
The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Amino Acid Substitution
The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.
Molecular Structure
The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.
Phosphoenolpyruvate Sugar Phosphotransferase System
The bacterial sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) that catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate to its sugar substrates (the PTS sugars) concomitant with the translocation of these sugars across the bacterial membrane. The phosphorylation of a given sugar requires four proteins, two general proteins, Enzyme I and HPr and a pair of sugar-specific proteins designated as the Enzyme II complex. The PTS has also been implicated in the induction of synthesis of some catabolic enzyme systems required for the utilization of sugars that are not substrates of the PTS as well as the regulation of the activity of ADENYLYL CYCLASES. EC 2.7.1.-.
Protein Engineering
Procedures by which protein structure and function are changed or created in vitro by altering existing or synthesizing new structural genes that direct the synthesis of proteins with sought-after properties. Such procedures may include the design of MOLECULAR MODELS of proteins using COMPUTER GRAPHICS or other molecular modeling techniques; site-specific mutagenesis (MUTAGENESIS, SITE-SPECIFIC) of existing genes; and DIRECTED MOLECULAR EVOLUTION techniques to create new genes.
Enzyme Stability
The extent to which an enzyme retains its structural conformation or its activity when subjected to storage, isolation, and purification or various other physical or chemical manipulations, including proteolytic enzymes and heat.
Guanosine Triphosphate
Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety.
Phosphorylation
The introduction of a phosphoryl group into a compound through the formation of an ester bond between the compound and a phosphorus moiety.
Glycogen
Aspartic Acid
One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.
Histidine
An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.
Oxygen
An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.
Glycogen Synthase
An enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of D-glucose from UDPglucose into 1,4-alpha-D-glucosyl chains. EC 2.4.1.11.
Rabbits
The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.
Ion Channel Gating
The opening and closing of ion channels due to a stimulus. The stimulus can be a change in membrane potential (voltage-gated), drugs or chemical transmitters (ligand-gated), or a mechanical deformation. Gating is thought to involve conformational changes of the ion channel which alters selective permeability.
Magnesium
A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Mg, atomic number 12, and atomic weight 24.31. It is important for the activity of many enzymes, especially those involved in OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
Peptides
Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are linear polypeptides that are normally synthesized on RIBOSOMES.
Base Sequence
The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.
Protein Folding
Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE.
Proteins
Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.
Macromolecular Substances
Compounds and molecular complexes that consist of very large numbers of atoms and are generally over 500 kDa in size. In biological systems macromolecular substances usually can be visualized using ELECTRON MICROSCOPY and are distinguished from ORGANELLES by the lack of a membrane structure.
Cloning, Molecular
The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.
Temperature
The property of objects that determines the direction of heat flow when they are placed in direct thermal contact. The temperature is the energy of microscopic motions (vibrational and translational) of the particles of atoms.
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
N-Methylscopolamine
A muscarinic antagonist used to study binding characteristics of muscarinic cholinergic receptors.
Enzyme Inhibitors
Compounds or agents that combine with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction.
Calcium
A basic element found in nearly all organized tissues. It is a member of the alkaline earth family of metals with the atomic symbol Ca, atomic number 20, and atomic weight 40. Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the body and combines with phosphorus to form calcium phosphate in the bones and teeth. It is essential for the normal functioning of nerves and muscles and plays a role in blood coagulation (as factor IV) and in many enzymatic processes.

Allosteric regulation of even-skipped repression activity by phosphorylation. (1/3161)

The Drosophila homeodomain protein Even-skipped (Eve) is a well characterized transcriptional repressor. Here, we show that Eve's ability to function in vitro is negatively regulated by phosphorylation. DNA-binding activity was unaffected by phosphorylation, but phosphorylated Eve was unable to interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP), a known target for repression. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation of the Eve N terminus, which is dispensable for repression and TBP binding, was necessary and sufficient to inactivate Eve. LiCl, which specifically inhibits glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), reduced Eve phosphorylation in nuclear extract and blocked inhibition of repression. In addition, Eve was phosphorylated and inactivated by purified GSK-3 beta plus casein kinase II. Our results suggest a novel mechanism of transcriptional control involving phosphorylation-induced allosteric interference with a repressive protein-protein interaction.  (+info)

Regulation of AMP deaminase from chicken erythrocytes. A kinetic study of the allosteric interactions. (2/3161)

The allosteric properties of AMP deaminase [EC 3.5.4.6] from chicken erythrocytes have been qualitatively and quantitatively accounted for by the concerted transition theory of Monod et al., on the assumption that this enzyme has different numbers of binding sites for each ligand. Theoretical curves yield a satisfactory fit for all experimental saturation functions with respect to activation by alkali metals and inhibition by Pi, assuming that the numbers of binding sites for AMP, alkali metals, and Pi are 4, 2, and 4, respectively. The enzyme was inhibited by concentrations of ATP and GTP below 0.1 and 0.25 mM, respectively, whereas activation of the enzyme was observed at ATP and GTP concentrations above 0.4 and 1.5 mM, respectively. These unusual kinetics with respect to ATP and GTP could be also accounted for by assuming 2 inhibitory and 4 activating sites for each ligand.  (+info)

An allosteric synthetic DNA. (3/3161)

Allosteric DNA oligonucleotides are potentially useful diagnostic reagents. Here we develop a model system for the study of allosteric interactions in DNAs. A DNA that binds either Cibacron blue or cholic acid was isolated and partially characterized. Isolation was performed using a multi-stage SELEX. First, short oligos that bind either Cibacron blue or cholic acid were enriched from random oligonucleotide pools. Then, members of the two pools were fused to form longer oligos, which were then selected for theability to bind Cibacron blue columns and elute with cholic acid. One resulting isolate (A22) was studied. Dye- and cholate-binding functions can be separated on sequences from the 5'- and 3'-regions, respectively. Ligand-column affinity assays indicate that each domain binds only its respective ligand. However, the full-length A22 will bind either dye or cholate columns and elute with the other ligand, as if binding by the ligands is mutually exclusive. Furthermore, S1 nuclease protection assays show that Cibacron blue causes a structural change in A22 and that cholic acid inhibits this change. This system will be useful for elucidating mechanisms of allosteric interactions in synthetic DNAs.  (+info)

Heterotropic effectors exert more significant strain on monoligated than on unligated hemoglobin. (4/3161)

The effect of allosteric effectors, such as inositol hexakisphosphate and/or bezafibrate, has been investigated on the unliganded human adult hemoglobin both spectroscopically (employing electronic absorption, circular dichroism, resonance Raman, and x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopies) and functionally (following the kinetics of the first CO binding step up to a final 4% ligand saturation degree). All data indicate that the unliganded T-state is not perturbed by the interaction with either one or both effectors, suggesting that their functional influence is only exerted when a ligand molecule is bound to the heme. This is confirmed by the observation that CO dissociation from partially liganded hemoglobin ( +info)

Dual allosteric modulation of pacemaker (f) channels by cAMP and voltage in rabbit SA node. (5/3161)

1. A Monod-Whyman-Changeux (MWC) allosteric reaction model was used in the attempt to describe the dual activation of 'pacemaker' f-channel gating subunits by voltage hyperpolarization and cyclic nucleotides. Whole-channel kinetics were described by assuming that channels are composed of two identical subunits gated independently according to the Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) equations. 2. The simple assumption that cAMP binding favours open channels was found to readily explain induction of depolarizing voltage shifts of open probability with a sigmoidal dependence on agonist concentration. 3. Voltage shifts of open probability were measured against cAMP concentration in macropatches of sino-atrial (SA) node cells; model fitting of dose-response relations yielded dissociation constants of 0.0732 and 0.4192 microM for cAMP binding to open and closed channels, respectively. The allosteric model correctly predicted the modification of the pacemaker current (If) time constant curve induced by 10 microM cAMP (13.7 mV depolarizing shift). 4. cAMP shifted deactivation more than activation rate constant curves, according to sigmoidal dose-response relations (maximal shifts of +22.3 and +13.4 mV at 10 microM cAMP, respectively); this feature was fully accounted for by allosteric interactions, and indicated that cAMP acts primarily by 'locking' f-channels in the open configuration. 5. These results provide an interpretation of the dual voltage- and cyclic nucleotide- dependence of f-channel activation.  (+info)

Coupling of the oxygen-linked interaction energy for inositol hexakisphosphate and bezafibrate binding to human HbA0. (6/3161)

The energetics of signal propagation between different functional domains (i.e. the binding sites for O2, inositol hexakisphospate (IHP), and bezafibrate (BZF)) of human HbA0 was analyzed at different heme ligation states and through the use of a stable, partially heme ligated intermediate. Present data allow three main conclusions to be drawn, and namely: (i) IHP and BZF enhance each others binding as the oxygenation proceeds, the coupling free energy going from close to zero in the deoxy state to -3.4 kJ/mol in the oxygenated form; (ii) the simultaneous presence of IHP and BZF stabilizes the hemoglobin T quaternary structure at very low O2 pressures, but as oxygenation proceeds it does not impair the transition toward the R structure, which indeed occurs also under these conditions; (iii) under room air pressure (i.e. pO2 = 150 torr), IHP and BZF together induce the formation of an asymmetric dioxygenated hemoglobin tetramer, whose features appear reminiscent of those suggested for transition state species (i.e. T- and R-like tertiary conformation(s) within a quaternary R-like structure).  (+info)

Allosteric control of three B12-dependent (class II) ribonucleotide reductases. Implications for the evolution of ribonucleotide reduction. (7/3161)

Three separate classes of ribonucleotide reductases are known, each with a distinct protein structure. One common feature of all enzymes is that a single protein generates each of the four deoxyribonucleotides. Class I and III enzymes contain an allosteric substrate specificity site capable of binding effectors (ATP or various deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates) that direct enzyme specificity. Some (but not all) enzymes contain a second allosteric site that binds only ATP or dATP. Binding of dATP to this site inhibits the activity of these enzymes. X-ray crystallography has localized the two sites within the structure of the Escherichia coli class I enzyme and identified effector-binding amino acids. Here, we have studied the regulation of three class II enzymes, one from the archaebacterium Thermoplasma acidophilum and two from eubacteria (Lactobacillus leichmannii and Thermotoga maritima). Each enzyme has an allosteric site that binds ATP or various deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates and that regulates its substrate specificity according to the same rules as for class I and III enzymes. dATP does not inhibit enzyme activity, suggesting the absence of a second active allosteric site. For the L. leichmannii and T. maritima enzymes, binding experiments also indicate the presence of only one allosteric site. Their primary sequences suggest that these enzymes lack the structural requirements for a second site. In contrast, the T. acidophilum enzyme binds dATP at two separate sites, and its sequence contains putative effector-binding amino acids for a second site. The presence of a second site without apparent physiological function leads to the hypothesis that a functional site was present early during the evolution of ribonucleotide reductases, but that its function was lost from the T. acidophilum enzyme. The other two B12 enzymes lost not only the function, but also the structural basis for the site. Also a large subgroup (Ib) of class I enzymes, but none of the investigated class III enzymes, has lost this site. This is further indirect evidence that class II and I enzymes may have arisen by divergent evolution from class III enzymes.  (+info)

Accelerated transcription of PRPS1 in X-linked overactivity of normal human phosphoribosylpyrophosphate synthetase. (8/3161)

Phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetase (PRS) superactivity is an X-linked disorder characterized by gout with overproduction of purine nucleotides and uric acid. Study of the two X-linked PRS isoforms (PRS1 and PRS2) in cells from certain affected individuals has shown selectively increased concentrations of structurally normal PRS1 transcript and isoform, suggesting that this form of the disorder involves pretranslational dysregulation of PRPS1 expression and might be more appropriately termed overactivity of normal PRS. We applied Southern and Northern blot analyses and slot blotting of nuclear runoffs to delineate the process underlying aberrant PRPS1 expression in fibroblasts and lymphoblasts from patients with overactivity of normal PRS. Neither PRPS1 amplification nor altered stability or processing of PRS1 mRNA was identified, but PRPS1 transcription was increased relative to GAPDH (3- to 4-fold normal in fibroblasts; 1.9- to 2.4-fold in lymphoblasts) and PRPS2. Nearly coordinate relative increases in each process mediating transfer of genetic information from PRPS1 transcription to maximal PRS1 isoform expression in patient fibroblasts further supported the idea that accelerated PRPS1 transcription is the major aberration leading to PRS1 overexpression. In addition, modulated relative increases in PRS activities at suboptimal Pi concentration and in rates of PRPP and purine nucleotide synthesis in intact patient fibroblasts indicate that despite an intact allosteric mechanism of regulation of PRS activity, PRPS1 transcription is a major determinant of PRPP and purine synthesis. The genetic basis of disordered PRPS1 transcription remains unresolved; normal- and patient-derived PRPS1s share nucleotide sequence identity at least 850 base pairs 5' to the consensus transcription initiation site.  (+info)

Selected ginsenosides of the prptopanaxdiol series are novel positive allosteric modulators of P2X7 receptors<...Selected ginsenosides of the prptopanaxdiol series are novel positive allosteric modulators of P2X7 receptors<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Selected ginsenosides of the prptopanaxdiol series are novel positive allosteric modulators of P2X7 receptors. AU - Helliwell, Ray. AU - ShioukHuey, Charlene. AU - Dhuna, Kshitija. AU - Molero, Juan. AU - Ye, Jiming. AU - Xue, Charlie. AU - Stokes, Leanne. PY - 2015/7. Y1 - 2015/7. N2 - Background and Purpose The P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated ion channel predominantly expressed in immune cells and plays a key role in inflammatory processes. Ginseng is a well-known Chinese herb with both pro- and anti-inflammatory properties and many of its actions have been ascribed to constituent ginsenosides. We screened a number of ginsenoside compounds for pharmacological activity at P2X7 receptors, that might contribute to the reported immunomodulatory actions of ginseng. Experimental Approach We used several assays to measure responses of P2X7 receptors, ATP-mediated dye uptake, intracellular calcium measurement and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings. HEK-293 cells stably expressing human ...
https://research-portal.uea.ac.uk/en/publications/selected-ginsenosides-of-the-prptopanaxdiol-series-are-novel-posi
Positive allosteric modulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 restrains neuroinflammation | PNASPositive allosteric modulation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 restrains neuroinflammation | PNAS
Allosteric modulation occurs when the functional activity of a protein is altered by the binding of an effector at a site topographically distinct from the orthosteric, active site. Allosteric modulators do not possess intrinsic efficacy but instead augment (positive allosteric modulators) or diminish (negative allosteric modulators; NAMs) the activity of orthosteric agonists (on receptors) or the catalytic transformation of substrates (by enzymes). Therefore, because their action is limited by the concentration of the endogenous ligand, allosteric drugs generally possess important advantages over orthosteric drugs, such as fewer side effects and lower toxicity. Despite much progress having been made in understanding the mechanisms of allosteric modulation, the development of allosteric drugs for therapeutic targets is still very limited, particularly in the enzymology field. This is a stark contrast to our knowledge on enzyme inhibition and the wealth of studies describing enzyme orthosteric ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/117/7/3848
Allosteric modulator - WikipediaAllosteric modulator - Wikipedia
Positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), also known as allosteric enhancers or potentiators, induce an amplification of the effect of receptors response to the primary ligand without directly activating the receptor.[2][3] Benzodiazepines principally act as PAMs at the GABAA receptor.[4]. Negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) act at an allosteric site to reduce the responsiveness of the receptor to the endogenous ligand.[3] Ro15-4513 is a NAM at the α1β2γ2 GABAA receptor[citation needed].[nb 1]. Silent allosteric modulators (SAMs), also called neutral or null modulators, occupy the allosteric binding site and behave functionally neutral. Flumazenil can be regarded as such an example. The modulatory activity can be first-order, second-order, or both. Second-order modulators alter the modulatory activity of first-order modulators, whereas first-order modulators do not alter the activity of other allosteric modulators.[citation needed] (−)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate is one such example of ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_allosteric_modulator
Positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 promotes apoptotic cell death over lytic cell death responses in macrophages - UEA...Positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 promotes apoptotic cell death over lytic cell death responses in macrophages - UEA...
P2X7 is an ATP-gated ion channel that is highly expressed by leukocytes, such as macrophages. Here, it has been demonstrated to be involved in the regulation of various cell death pathways; including apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. However, cell death induction via P2X7 is complex and is reliant upon the nature of the stimulus, the duration of the stimulus, and the cell type investigated. Previous reports state that high extracellular ATP concentrations promote osmotic lysis, but whether positive allosteric modulation of P2X7 in the presence of lower concentrations of ATP condemns cells to the same fate is unknown. In this study, we compared cell death induced by high ATP concentrations, to cell death induced by compound K, a recently identified and potent positive allosteric modulator of P2X7. Based on our observations, we propose that high ATP concentrations induce early cell swelling, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane rupture, and LDH release. ...
https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/id/eprint/73219/
Allosteric regulation - WikipediaAllosteric regulation - Wikipedia
Negative allosteric modulation (also known as allosteric inhibition) occurs when the binding of one ligand decreases the affinity for substrate at other active sites. For example, when 2,3-BPG binds to an allosteric site on hemoglobin, the affinity for oxygen of all subunits decreases. This is when a regulator is absent from the binding site. Direct thrombin inhibitors provides an excellent example of negative allosteric modulation. Allosteric inhibitors of thrombin have been discovered which could potentially be used as anticoagulants. Another example is strychnine, a convulsant poison, which acts as an allosteric inhibitor of the glycine receptor. Glycine is a major post-synaptic inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian spinal cord and brain stem. Strychnine acts at a separate binding site on the glycine receptor in an allosteric manner; i.e., its binding lowers the affinity of the glycine receptor for glycine. Thus, strychnine inhibits the action of an inhibitory transmitter, leading to ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allosteric
Allosteric regulation - WikipediaAllosteric regulation - Wikipedia
Negative allosteric modulation (also known as allosteric inhibition) occurs when the binding of one ligand decreases the affinity for substrate at other active sites. For example, when 2,3-BPG binds to an allosteric site on hemoglobin, the affinity for oxygen of all subunits decreases. This is when a regulator is absent from the binding site.. Direct thrombin inhibitors provides an excellent example of negative allosteric modulation. Allosteric inhibitors of thrombin have been discovered which could potentially be used as anticoagulants.. Another example is strychnine, a convulsant poison, which acts as an allosteric inhibitor of the glycine receptor. Glycine is a major post-synaptic inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammalian spinal cord and brain stem. Strychnine acts at a separate binding site on the glycine receptor in an allosteric manner; i.e., its binding lowers the affinity of the glycine receptor for glycine. Thus, strychnine inhibits the action of an inhibitory transmitter, leading to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homotropic_allosteric_interaction
Adenylyl cyclases and the interaction between calcium and cAMP signalling. Spanning binding sites on allosteric proteins with...Adenylyl cyclases and the interaction between calcium and cAMP signalling. Spanning binding sites on allosteric proteins with...
Adenylyl cyclases and the interaction between calcium and cAMP signalling. Spanning binding sites on allosteric proteins with polymer-linked ligand dimers
http://www.readabstracts.com/Zoology-and-wildlife-conservation/Adenylyl-cyclases-and-the-interaction-between-calcium-and-cAMP-signalling.html
AID 622165 - Positive allosteric modulation of AMPA receptor in Sprague-Dawley rat hippocampal neuron assessed as glutamate...AID 622165 - Positive allosteric modulation of AMPA receptor in Sprague-Dawley rat hippocampal neuron assessed as glutamate...
BioAssay record AID 622165 submitted by ChEMBL: Positive allosteric modulation of AMPA receptor in Sprague-Dawley rat hippocampal neuron assessed as glutamate-induced response pre-treated for 20 secs by patch-clamp electrophysiology.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/622165
Definition of allosteric regulation - Chemistry DictionaryDefinition of allosteric regulation - Chemistry Dictionary
1) Allosteric regulation is the regulation of the activity of allosteric enzymes. (See also Allosteric binding sites; Allosteric enzymes).. ...
http://www.chemistry-dictionary.com/definition/allosteric+regulation.php
VCP171 | CAS#1018830-99-3 | AR positive allosteric modulator | MedKooVCP171 | CAS#1018830-99-3 | AR positive allosteric modulator | MedKoo
VCP171 is an AR positive allosteric modulator. VCP171 elicited positive allosteric effects on the binding affinity of orthosteric agonists at both the rat and human A1 -receptors that showed clear probe dependence.
https://medkoo.com/products/35176
Estimation of the affinities of allosteric ligands using radioligand binding and pharmacological null methods. | Molecular...Estimation of the affinities of allosteric ligands using radioligand binding and pharmacological null methods. | Molecular...
The theoretical basis for using radioligand binding and pharmacological techniques to estimate the dissociation constants of drugs which interact allosterically with receptors is described. This theory predicts that an allosteric ligand changes the affinity of another ligand which binds at the primary recognition site on the receptor complex without affecting the binding capacity of the primary ligand. The magnitude of this effect depends on the amount of cooperativity (positive or negative) between the binding of ligands at the allosteric and primary recognition sites. It is possible to estimate the dissociation constant of an allosteric ligand by measuring its effect on the binding of a radioligand at a fixed concentration. In this situation, the dissociation constant of the allosteric ligand can be calculated from the concentration of ligand which causes half of its maximal effect on radioligand binding. The effects of an allosteric ligand on the pharmacological responses to an agonist can be ...
https://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/33/2/187?ijkey=751227a086b49761f02560b67197ea71cc18503d&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Parallel synthesis of N-biaryl quinolone carboxylic acids as selective M<sub>1</sub> positive allosteric...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Parallel synthesis of N-biaryl quinolone carboxylic acids as selective M1 positive allosteric modulators. AU - Yang, Feng V.. AU - Shipe, William D.. AU - Bunda, Jaime L.. AU - Nolt, M. Brad. AU - Wisnoski, David D.. AU - Zhao, Zhijian. AU - Barrow, James C.. AU - Ray, William J.. AU - Ma, Lei. AU - Wittmann, Marion. AU - Seager, Matthew A.. AU - Koeplinger, Kenneth A.. AU - Hartman, George D.. AU - Lindsley, Craig W.. PY - 2010/1/15. Y1 - 2010/1/15. N2 - An iterative analog library synthesis approach was employed in the exploration of a quinolone carboxylic acid series of selective M1 positive allosteric modulators, and strategies for improving potency and plasma free fraction were identified.. AB - An iterative analog library synthesis approach was employed in the exploration of a quinolone carboxylic acid series of selective M1 positive allosteric modulators, and strategies for improving potency and plasma free fraction were identified.. KW - M. KW - Positive allosteric ...
https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/parallel-synthesis-of-n-biaryl-quinolone-carboxylic-acids-as-sele
Dissecting a role of a charge and conformation of Tat2 peptide in allosteric regulation of 20S proteasome<...Dissecting a role of a charge and conformation of Tat2 peptide in allosteric regulation of 20S proteasome<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Dissecting a role of a charge and conformation of Tat2 peptide in allosteric regulation of 20S proteasome. AU - Witkowska, Julia. AU - Karpowicz, Przemysław. AU - Gaczynska, Maria. AU - Osmulski, Pawel A.. AU - Jankowska, Elzbieta. PY - 2014/8. Y1 - 2014/8. N2 - Proteasome is a proteolytic factory that constitutes an essential part of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. The involvement of proteasome in regulation of all major aspects of cellular physiology makes it an attractive drug target. So far, only inhibitors of the proteasome entered the clinic as anti-cancer drugs. However, proteasome regulators may also be useful for treatment of inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. We established in our previous studies that the peptide Tat2, comprising the basic domain of HIV-1 Tat protein: R49KKRRQRR56, supplemented with Q66DPI 69 fragment, inhibits the 20S proteasome in a noncompetitive manner. Mechanism of Tat2 likely involves allosteric regulation because it competes with ...
https://scholars.uthscsa.edu/en/publications/dissecting-a-role-of-a-charge-and-conformation-of-tat2-peptide-in
AID 390611 - Modulation of human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as allosteric effect on [125I]ABA...AID 390611 - Modulation of human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as allosteric effect on [125I]ABA...
BioAssay record AID 390611 submitted by ChEMBL: Modulation of human adenosine A1 receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells assessed as allosteric effect on [125I]ABA dissociation.
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/390611
A linkage analysis toolkit for studying allosteric networks in ion channels | JGPA linkage analysis toolkit for studying allosteric networks in ion channels | JGP
The main objective when analyzing equilibrium data are to identify elements that respond to external forces, and to quantify their interactions with the catalytic unit, which in ion channels is the conducting pore. Quaternary descriptions of enzyme function have been useful in studying regulatory proteins-most notably hemoglobin, widely considered the poster child of protein allosteric theory. Modeling hemoglobin using sophisticated variants of the classical Monod-Wyman-Changeux (MWC) equation (Monod et al., 1965) has achieved impressive insight into its allosteric machinery (Eaton et al., 2007). A K+ channel whose regulation, at a basic level, is formulaically similar to that of hemoglobin (though mechanistically distinct), is the large-conductance voltage- and Ca2+-dependent (BK) channel. The BK channel derives its voltage dependence from four voltage-sensing (J) domains located within the membrane electric field, and also to a small degree from the pore (L) itself. Calcium sensors (K) are ...
http://jgp.rupress.org/content/early/2012/12/11/jgp.201210859
Thermodynamics and structural analysis of positive allosteric modulation of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2 |...Thermodynamics and structural analysis of positive allosteric modulation of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2 |...
Positive allosteric modulators of the ionotropic glutamate receptor-2 (GluA2) are promising compounds for the treatment of cognitive disorders, e.g. Alzheimers disease. These modulators bind within the dimer interface of the LBD (ligand-binding domain) and stabilize the agonist-bound conformation slowing receptor desensitization and/or deactivation. In the present study, we employ isothermal titration calorimetry to determine binding affinities and thermodynamic details of binding of modulators of GluA2. A mutant of the LBD of GluA2 (LBD-L483Y-N754S) that forms a stable dimer in solution was used. The potent GluA2 modulator BPAM-97 was used as a reference compound. Evidence that BPAM-97 binds in the same pocket as the well-known GluA2 modulator cyclothiazide was obtained from X-ray structures. The LBD-L483Y-N754S:BPAM-97 complex has a Kd of 5.6 μM (ΔH=−4.9 kcal/mol, −TΔS=−2.3 kcal/mol; where 1 kcal≈4.187 kJ). BPAM-97 was used in a displacement assay to determine a Kd of 0.46 mM ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/441/1/173
USE OF SELECTIVE GABA A ALPHA 5 NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONDITIONS -...USE OF SELECTIVE GABA A ALPHA 5 NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONDITIONS -...
USE OF SELECTIVE GABA A ALPHA 5 NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM CONDITIONS - diagram, schematic, and image 17 ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/imgfull/20140343046_17
Ligand-specific allosteric coupling controls G-protein-coupled receptor signaling | MDC BerlinLigand-specific allosteric coupling controls G-protein-coupled receptor signaling | MDC Berlin
Allosteric coupling describes a reciprocal process whereby G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) relay ligand-induced conformational changes from the extracellular binding pocket to the intracellular signaling surface. Therefore, GPCR activation is sensitive to both the type of extracellular ligand and intracellular signaling protein. We hypothesized that ligand-specific allosteric coupling may result in preferential (i.e., biased) engagement of downstream effectors. However, the structural basis underlying ligand-dependent control of this essential allosteric mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we show that two sets of extended muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M(1) agonists, which only differ in linker length, progressively constrain receptor signaling. We demonstrate that stepwise shortening of their chemical linker gradually hampers binding pocket closure, resulting in divergent coupling to distinct G-protein families. Our data provide an experimental strategy for the design of ligands with ...
https://www.mdc-berlin.de/research/publications/ligand-specific-allosteric-coupling-controls-g-protein-coupled-receptor
Oxysterols are allosteric activators of the oncoprotein Smoothened.
Oxysterols are a class of endogenous signaling molecules that can activate the Hedgehog pathway, which has critical roles in development, regeneration and cancer. However, it has been unclear how oxysterols influence Hedgehog signaling, including whe
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Oxysterols-are-allosteric-activators-oncoprotein/22231273.html
Evidence for a Common Mechanism of SIRT1 Regulation by Allosteric Activators | ScienceEvidence for a Common Mechanism of SIRT1 Regulation by Allosteric Activators | Science
A molecule that treats multiple age-related diseases would have a major impact on global health and economics. The SIRT1 deacetylase has drawn attention in this regard as a target for drug design. Yet controversy exists around the mechanism of sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs). We found that specific hydrophobic motifs found in SIRT1 substrates such as PGC-1α and FOXO3a facilitate SIRT1 activation by STACs. A single amino acid in SIRT1, Glu230, located in a structured N-terminal domain, was critical for activation by all previously reported STAC scaffolds and a new class of chemically distinct activators. In primary cells reconstituted with activation-defective SIRT1, the metabolic effects of STACs were blocked. Thus, SIRT1 can be directly activated through an allosteric mechanism common to chemically diverse STACs. ...
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/339/6124/1216.long
talks.cam : Elasticity as the basis of allosteric interactions in DNA and membranestalks.cam : Elasticity as the basis of allosteric interactions in DNA and membranes
If you have a question about this talk, please contact Hilde Hambro.. : In mechanics the forces of interaction between defects in an elastic solid are well understood. Just as defects produce local elastic fields in a solid, proteins binding to DNA also deform it locally. Since DNA behaves like an elastic rod at scales of a few tens of nanometers, we expect that if two proteins bind to DNA separated by a distance r then their deformation fields will overlap and lead to an interaction energy that depends on r. This problem has not been theoretically addressed so far, but there is experimental evidence of the interaction. For example, gene expression, which depends on RNA polymerase binding affinity to DNA , is a function of the proximity of LacR and RNA polymerase. These effects are called allosteric interactions on DNA . In this talk we will use a birod model of DNA to study how proteins deform it locally, and how this leads to allosteric interactions between them. Similar elastic deformations ...
https://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/109084
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Allosteric modulation of adenosine A1 receptors (A1ARs) offers a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of numerous central and peripheral disorders. However, despite decades of research, there is a relative paucity of structural information regarding the A1AR allosteric site and mechanisms governing cooperativity with orthosteric ligands. We combined alanine-scanning mutagenesis of the A1AR second extracellular loop (ECL2) with radioligand binding and functional interaction assays to quantify effects on allosteric ligand affinity, cooperativity and efficacy. Docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed using an A1AR homology model based on an agonist-bound A2AAR structure. Substitution of E172ECL2 for alanine reduced the affinity of the allosteric modulators, PD81723 and VCP171, for the unoccupied A1AR. Residues involved in cooperativity with the orthosteric agonist, NECA, were different between PD81723 and VCP171; positive cooperativity between PD81723 and NECA was ...
http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2016/09/28/mol.116.105015
Positive and negative cooperativities at subsequent steps of oxygenation regulate the allosteric behavior of multistate...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Positive and negative cooperativities at subsequent steps of oxygenation regulate the allosteric behavior of multistate sebacylhemoglobin. AU - Bucci, Enrico. AU - Razynska, Anna. AU - Kwansa, Herman. AU - Gryczynski, Zygmunt. AU - Collins, John H.. AU - Fronticelli, Clara. AU - Unger, Ron. AU - Braxenthaler, Michael. AU - Moult, John. AU - Ji, Xinhua. AU - Gilliland, Gary. PY - 1996/3/19. Y1 - 1996/3/19. N2 - Cross-linked human hemoglobin (HbA) is obtained by reaction with bis(3,5- dibromosalicyl) sebacate. Peptide maps and crystallographic analyses confirm the presence of the 10 carbon atom long sebacyl residue cross-linking the two β82 lysines of the β-cleft (DecHb). The Adairs constants, obtained from the oxygen binding isotherms, show that at the first step of oxygenation normal hemoglobin and DecHb have a very similar oxygen affinity. In DecHb negative binding cooperativity is present at the second step of oxygenation, which has an affinity 27 times lower than at the ...
https://experts.unthsc.edu/en/publications/positive-and-negative-cooperativities-at-subsequent-steps-of-oxyg
Selectively targeting an inactive conformation of interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase by allosteric inhibitors | Biochemical...Selectively targeting an inactive conformation of interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase by allosteric inhibitors | Biochemical...
ITK (interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase) is a critical component of signal transduction in T-cells and has a well-validated role in their proliferation, cytokine release and chemotaxis. ITK is an attractive target for the treatment of T-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. In the present study we describe the discovery of kinase inhibitors that preferentially bind to an allosteric pocket of ITK. The novel ITK allosteric site was characterized by NMR, surface plasmon resonance, isothermal titration calorimetry, enzymology and X-ray crystallography. Initial screening hits bound to both the allosteric pocket and the ATP site. Successful lead optimization was achieved by improving the contribution of the allosteric component to the overall inhibition. NMR competition experiments demonstrated that the dual-site binders showed higher affinity for the allosteric site compared with the ATP site. Moreover, an optimized inhibitor displayed non-competitive inhibition with respect to ATP as shown by ...
http://www.biochemj.org/content/460/2/211
Computational design of G Protein-Coupled Receptor allosteric signal transductions - BioTech MagComputational design of G Protein-Coupled Receptor allosteric signal transductions - BioTech Mag
Nature Chemical Biology, Published online: 02 December 2019; doi:10.1038/s41589-019-0407-2 A computational approach for designing GPCRs with new signaling functions including...
http://biotechmag.xyz/computers/resilient-living-materials-built-by-printing-bacterial-spores.b/
Old and New Pharmacology: Positive Allosteric Modulation of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by the 5...Old and New Pharmacology: Positive Allosteric Modulation of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor by the 5...
Drugs. 2,3-Dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide (NBQX) from Ascent Scientific (Weston-SuperMare, UK). Dihydro-β-erythroidine hydrobromide (DHβE), methyllycaconitine (MLA), and PNU-120596 were purchased from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK). SB-206553, picrotoxin, atropine, (-)nicotine, and acetylcholine were purchased from Sigma Chemical (Poole, Dorset, UK).. Recombinant and Native Cell Lines. GH4C1 cells stably transfected with pCEP4/rat α7 nAChR (α7-nAChR-GH4C1) were used in this study and maintained in poly-d-lysine-coated flasks in F10 medium supplemented with 15% horse serum and 2.5% fetal bovine serum, 1% penicillin-streptomycin, and 200 mg/ml hygromycin B at 37°C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator. The 5-HT3A receptor cDNA was cloned from human brain RNA, and the rat α7 nAChR was cloned from PC12 cells. Human SHSY5Y cells and TE671 endogenously expressing α3- and α1-containing receptors, respectively, were used.. Measurement of Intracellular Ca2+Using the ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/328/3/766.long
ORBi: Browsing ORBiORBi: Browsing ORBi
in Journal of Chemical Information & Modeling (2014), 54(12), 3404-3416. Positive allosteric modulation of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2 presents a potential treatment of cognitive disorders, for example, Alzheimers disease. In the present study, we describe the ... [more ▼]. Positive allosteric modulation of the ionotropic glutamate receptor GluA2 presents a potential treatment of cognitive disorders, for example, Alzheimers disease. In the present study, we describe the synthesis, pharmacology, and thermodynamic studies of a series of monofluoro-substituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxides. Measurements of ligand binding by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) showed similar binding affinities for the modulator series at the GluA2 LBD but differences in the thermodynamic driving forces. Binding of 5c (7-F) and 6 (no-F) is enthalpy driven, and 5a (5-F) and 5b (6-F) are entropy driven. For 5d (8-F), both quantities were equal in size. Thermodynamic integration ...
https://orbi.uliege.be/browse?type=author&value=Danober%2C+Laurence
Positive Allosteric Modulation of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 Suppresses Pathological Pain Without Producing Tolerance or...Positive Allosteric Modulation of Cannabinoid Receptor Type 1 Suppresses Pathological Pain Without Producing Tolerance or...
PRF readers can get free access to a selected Journal of Pain paper each month, thanks to the American Pain Society. Get the free full text of the selection from the December 2017 issue here.. ...
http://painresearchforum.org/papers/85168-positive-allosteric-modulation-cannabinoid-receptor-type-1-suppresses-pathological-pain
Dynamic allosteric communication pathway directing differential activation of the glucocorticoid receptor | Science AdvancesDynamic allosteric communication pathway directing differential activation of the glucocorticoid receptor | Science Advances
It is informative to calculate the ratio of binding affinities for pairs of different ternary complexes, because it reveals how allosteric couplings between sites vary with ligand and coregulator peptide identity. The free energy of binding a coregulator peptide to a GR-ligand complex is given by ΔG = ΔGP + ΔgLP + ΔgLA + ΔgbP. It follows that the difference in ΔG between two different GR-ligand complexes is ΔΔG = −RT ln[Ka(Lm, Pi)/Ka(Ln, Pi)] = ΔΔgLP + ΔΔgLA. However, the minor variation in pm (i.e., the relative population of active helix 12 conformations detected by NMR) between the different ternary complexes indicates that the variation ΔΔgLA contributes relatively little to variations in coregulator-binding affinity (fig. S5), which instead is dominated by ΔΔgLP. Thus, the SPR results can be interpreted to extract differences between ligands in their strength of allosteric coupling to coregulator binding, ΔΔgLP.. Comparing complexes with different ligands but the same ...
https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/29/eabb5277
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVSPesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
cAMP (adenosine 3,5-cyclic monophosphate) is a ubiquitous second messenger that activates a multitude of essential cellular responses. Two key receptors for cAMP in eukaryotes are protein kinase A (PKA) and the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC), which is a recently discovered guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small GTPases Rap1 and Rap2. Previous attempts to investigate the mechanism of allosteric activation of eukaryotic cAMP-binding domains (CBDs) at atomic or residue resolution have been hampered by the instability of the apo form, which requires the use of mixed apo/holo systems, that have provided only a partial picture of the CBD apo state and of the allosteric networks controlled by cAMP. Here, we show that, unlike other eukaryotic CBDs, both apo and cAMP-bound states of the EPAC1 CBD are stable under our experimental conditions, providing a unique opportunity to define at an unprecedented level of detail the allosteric interactions linking two critical ...
https://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/?lang=pt&q=au:%22Mazhab-Jafari,%20Mohammad%20T%22
A Correction to Webers Description of Ligand Binding by Allosteric Proteins | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland PressA Correction to Webers Description of Ligand Binding by Allosteric Proteins | Biochemical Society Transactions | Portland Press
DAVID A. FELL; A Correction to Webers Description of Ligand Binding by Allosteric Proteins. Biochem Soc Trans 1 December 1978; 6 (6): 1264-1266. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/bst0061264. Download citation file:. ...
https://portlandpress.com/biochemsoctrans/article-abstract/6/6/1264/81121/A-Correction-to-Weber-s-Description-of-Ligand?redirectedFrom=fulltext
Evidence for allosteric effects on p53 oligomerization induced by phosphorylationEvidence for allosteric effects on p53 oligomerization induced by phosphorylation
p53 is a tetrameric protein with a thermodynamically unstable deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding domain flanked by intrinsically disordered regulatory domains that control its activity. The unstable and disordered segments of p53 allow high flexibility as it interacts with binding partners and perm …
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29124793/
Book] Allosteric effects in haemoglobin by Kiyohiro Imai Download PDF EPUB FB2
allosteric effect vs cooperativity. Both of them I thought were all or nothing where binding of one induces binding of others. And when it comes to question, both of them are almost always in the answer choices together. allosteric: when an enzyme has more than one binding site (1 for substrate and 1 more) and binding of one molecule can Missing: haemoglobin.
https://lasunexahig.thehit45sradiogroup.com/allosteric-effects-in-haemoglobin-book-6077rw.php
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The GLP-1R is a major target for the treatment and management of type II diabetes but peptides, despite the approval of several drugs (exenatide and liraglutide), do not provide ideal therapeutics because their use is complicated by the route of administration. This has driven the search for low molecular weight, orally active compounds that activate or augment GLP-1R signaling as the idealized therapeutic drug. Recent drug discovery efforts for the GLP-1R have focused on targeting sites for allosteric modulation. Allosteric interactions are often complex because ligands can alter the biological properties of the endogenous ligand by modulating the affinity and/or efficacy as well as having the potential to exhibit their own agonism. This can be complicated if there are multiple endogenous ligands (as is the case for the GLP-1R), because the allosteric interaction can vary with the nature of the orthosteric ligand, a property termed probe dependence (May et al., 2007b). These allosteric ...
http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/336/2/540
Allosteric cofactor-mediated enzyme cooperativity: a theoretical treatment | PNASAllosteric cofactor-mediated enzyme cooperativity: a theoretical treatment | PNAS
The situation under which substrate cooperativity is apparent only in the presence of an inhibitor has been investigated. When a substrate and an inhibitor bind independently to a cooperative enzyme that conforms to the concerted Monod-Wyman-Changeux model, each of the two ligands must induce intersubunit transitions in the protein molecule in order to have their allosteric effects coupled to one another. The inhibitor exerts a heterotropic influence on the saturation function of the substrate and enhances the otherwise recondite homotropic effect of the latter. If the ligands bind competitively to the enzyme, however, intersubunit transitions in the enzyme need be induced only by the inhibitor. A sigmoidal substrate saturation curve is then obtained as a result of displacement of the inhibitor from the enzyme by the substrate. In this mechanism, the competitive inhibitor participates as a cofactor required for the expression of substrate cooperativity and the familiar ability of regulatory ...
https://www.pnas.org/content/80/17/5243
Jean-Pierre Changeux | Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA)Jean-Pierre Changeux | Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny (CARTA)
Jean-Pierre Changeux is Honorary Professor at the Collège de France & Pasteur Institute Paris and International Faculty, Kavli Institute for Brain & Mind, University of California San Diego. At the advent of the era of molecular biology, Jean-Pierre Changeux pioneered the study of the role of conformational changes linking topographically distinct sites in regulatory processes. His PhD studies, carried under the supervision of Jacques Monod, provided the experimental and conceptual bases for the formal model of allosteric interactions in regulatory proteins, subsequently put forward in a joint paper that had become one of the most quoted papers of the scientific literature. Throughout a long career, Changeux has consistently built upon and extended his early theory, to spawn many new and flourishing fields of investigation.. His main contributions and discoveries in the course of the past 50 years are centered on the general theme of receptors and their allosteric transitions, primarily in the ...
https://anthropogeny.org/users/jean-pierre-changeux
RCSB PDB - 4N7O: Capturing the haemoglobin allosteric transition in a single crystal form; Crystal structure of half-liganded...RCSB PDB - 4N7O: Capturing the haemoglobin allosteric transition in a single crystal form; Crystal structure of half-liganded...
4N7O: Capturing the haemoglobin allosteric transition in a single crystal form; Crystal structure of half-liganded human haemoglobin with phosphate at 2.5 A resolution.
https://www.rcsb.org/structure/4N7O
Allosteric Activation of Bacterial Swi2/Snf2 (Switch/Sucrose Non-fermentable) Protein RapA by RNA Polymerase: BIOCHEMICAL AND...Allosteric Activation of Bacterial Swi2/Snf2 (Switch/Sucrose Non-fermentable) Protein RapA by RNA Polymerase: BIOCHEMICAL AND...
Journal Article: Allosteric Activation of Bacterial Swi2/Snf2 (Switch/Sucrose Non-fermentable) Protein RapA by RNA Polymerase: BIOCHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL STUDIES ...
https://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/1249233-allosteric-activation-bacterial-swi2-snf2-switch-sucrose-non-fermentable-protein-rapa-rna-polymerase-biochemical-structural-studies
NDI\010976, an allosteric inhibitor of acetyl\coenzyme A carboxylases (ACC) ACC1 and - Neurokinin receptors in recurrent airway...NDI\010976, an allosteric inhibitor of acetyl\coenzyme A carboxylases (ACC) ACC1 and - Neurokinin receptors in recurrent airway...
NDI\010976, an allosteric inhibitor of acetyl\coenzyme A carboxylases (ACC) ACC1 and ACC2, reduces hepatic lipogenesis (DNL) and favorably impacts steatosis, irritation, and fibrosis in pet types of fatty liver organ disease. hepatic fractional DNL typically NSC 687852 supplier 30.9 6.7% (mean regular deviation) above fasting DNL beliefs in placebo\treated topics. Subjects administered one dosages of NDI\010976 at 20, 50, or 200 mg acquired significant inhibition of DNL in comparison to placebo (indicate inhibition in accordance with placebo was 70%, 85%, and 104%, respectively). An inverse romantic relationship between fractional DNL and NDI\010976 publicity was noticed with 90% inhibition of fractional DNL connected with plasma concentrations of NDI\010976 4 ng/mL. lipogenesisNAFLDnonalcoholic fatty liver organ diseaseNASHnonalcoholic steatohepatitisOATPorganic anion\carrying polypeptidePDpharmacodynamicPKpharmacokineticTEAEtreatment\emergent AETGtriacylglycerolVLDLvery\low\thickness ...
http://neurokinin-receptor.info/ndi010976-an-allosteric-inhibitor-of-acetylcoenzyme-a-carboxylases-acc-acc1-and/
Get PDF - Allosteric inhibitors have distinct effects, but also common modes of action, in the HCV polymeraseGet PDF - Allosteric inhibitors have distinct effects, but also common modes of action, in the HCV polymerase
Davis, B.C.; Brown, J.A.; Thorpe, I.F., 2016: Allosteric inhibitors have distinct effects, but also common modes of action, in the HCV polymerase
https://eurekamag.com/research/057/161/057161503.php
Selective Allosteric Inhibitors of SENP8 - Guy SalvesenSelective Allosteric Inhibitors of SENP8 - Guy Salvesen
The Neddylation pathway was recently validated as a cancer target. The SENP8 protease processes the precursor of Nedd8 and is essential for its activation. Base...
http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R03-MH094200-02
Duke PhysicsDuke Physics
Allosteric regulation provides highly specific ligand recognition and signaling by transmembrane protein receptors. Unlike functions of protein molecular machines that rely on large-scale conformational transitions, signal transduction in receptors appears to be mediated by more subtle structural motions that are difficult to identify. We describe a theoretical model for allosteric regulation in receptors that addresses a fundamental riddle of signaling: What are the structural origins of the receptor agonism (specific signaling response to ligand binding)? The model suggests that different signaling pathways in bovine rhodopsin or human beta(2)-adrenergic receptor can be mediated by specific structural motions in the receptors. We discuss implications for understanding the receptor agonism, particularly the recently observed biased agonism (selected activation of specific signaling pathways), and for developing rational structure-based drug-design strategies. ...
http://fds.duke.edu/db/aas/Physics/faculty/weitao.yang/publications/235009
TCDB » SEARCHTCDB » SEARCH
1.A.10 The Glutamate-gated Ion Channel (GIC) Family of Neurotransmitter Receptors. Members of the GIC family are homo or heterotetrameric complexes in which each of the 4 subunits is of 800-1000 amino acyl residues in length (Mayer, 2006) (see Simeone et al. 2004 for a review). They have a modular architecture with four domains: the intracellular C-terminal domain (CTD) that is involved in synaptic targeting, the transmembrane domain (TMD) that forms the ion channel, the membrane-proximal ligand-binding domain (LBD) that binds agonists such as L-glutamate, and the distal N-terminal domain (NTD). The extracellular portion, comprised of the LBD and NTD, is loosely arranged, mediating complex allosteric regulation (Krieger et al. 2015). The structures of these receptor-channels have been reviewed with emphasis on their function and pharmacology (Regan et al. 2015). A hydrophobic box in both AMPA and NMDA receptors plays a role in channel desensitization (Alsaloum et al. 2016). Activation and ...
http://www.tcdb.org/search/result.php?tc=1.A.10
Mechanistic insight into the conserved allosteric regulation of periplasmic proteolysis by the signaling molecule cyclic-di-GMP...Mechanistic insight into the conserved allosteric regulation of periplasmic proteolysis by the signaling molecule cyclic-di-GMP...
Structure-function analyses reveal the mechanistic underpinnings of inside-out transmembrane signaling that controls periplasmic proteolysis, and thereby biofilm formation, in bacteria and may be relevant in the context of other signaling proteins with similar control elements.
https://elifesciences.org/articles/03650
About: GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulatorsAbout: GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
OpenLink Virtuoso version 07.20.3232 as of Jan 24 2020, on Linux (x86_64-generic-linux-glibc25), Single-Server Edition (61 GB total memory ...
http://dbpedia.org/describe/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdbpedia.org%2Fresource%2FCategory%3AGABAA_receptor_positive_allosteric_modulators
Systematic identification of metabolites controlling gene expression in E. coli | Nature CommunicationsSystematic identification of metabolites controlling gene expression in E. coli | Nature Communications
Metabolism controls gene expression through allosteric interactions between metabolites and transcription factors. These interactions are usually measured with in vitro assays, but there are no methods to identify them at a genome-scale in vivo. Here we show that dynamic transcriptome and metabolome data identify metabolites that control transcription factors in E. coli. By switching an E. coli culture between starvation and growth, we induce strong metabolite concentration changes and gene expression changes. Using Network Component Analysis we calculate the activities of 209 transcriptional regulators and correlate them with metabolites. This approach captures, for instance, the in vivo kinetics of CRP regulation by cyclic-AMP. By testing correlations between all pairs of transcription factors and metabolites, we predict putative effectors of 71 transcription factors, and validate five interactions in vitro. These results show that combining transcriptomics and metabolomics generates hypotheses about
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-12474-1?error=cookies_not_supported&code=449a7428-f983-4100-afa0-70fff9bc6f47
L0710ap - committed step in a pathway Allosteric regulation(mechanism Binding of ATP to a non-substrate(allosteric site on the...L0710ap - committed step in a pathway Allosteric regulation(mechanism Binding of ATP to a non-substrate(allosteric site on the...
View Notes - L0710ap from BIOS 20182 at UChicago. committed step in a pathway Allosteric regulation (mechanism) Binding of ATP to a non-substrate (allosteric) site on the enzyme causes a
https://www.coursehero.com/file/6123813/L0710ap/
Allosteric enzymes | definition of allosteric enzymes by Medical dictionaryAllosteric enzymes | definition of allosteric enzymes by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of allosteric enzymes in the Medical Dictionary? allosteric enzymes explanation free. What is allosteric enzymes? Meaning of allosteric enzymes medical term. What does allosteric enzymes mean?
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/allosteric+enzymes
Common Internal Allosteric Network Links Anesthetic Binding Sites in a Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion ChannelCommon Internal Allosteric Network Links Anesthetic Binding Sites in a Pentameric Ligand-Gated Ion Channel
General anesthetics bind reversibly to ion channels, modifying their global conformational distributions, but the underlying atomic mechanisms are not completely known. We examine this issue by way of the model protein Gloeobacter violaceous ligand-gated ion channel (GLIC) using computational molecular dynamics, with a coarse-grained model to enhance sampling. We find that in flooding simulations, both propofol and a generic particle localize to the crystallographic transmembrane anesthetic binding region, and that propofol also localizes to an extracellular region shared with the crystallographic ketamine binding site. Subsequent simulations to probe these binding modes in greater detail demonstrate that ligand binding induces structural asymmetry in GLIC. Consequently, we employ residue interaction correlation analysis to describe the internal allosteric network underlying the coupling of ligand and distant effector sites necessary for conformational change. Overall, the results suggest that the same
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0158795
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator - WikipediaGABAA receptor positive allosteric modulator - Wikipedia
Barbiturates have special uses and are organized into 4 classes: ultrashort-, short-, intermediate- and long-acting. Empirically SARs of barbiturants are based on thousands of (animal) tested compounds.They have shown that R and R´ may not be H in position 5 (see figure 8). Also, position 5 confer sedative-hypnotic properties.[10] Generally alkyl branching in position 5 means less lipid solubility and less activity. Unsaturation show less activity in position 5 and alicyclic and aromatic rings show less potency. Polar substiuents (-NH2, -OH, -COOH) will decrease lipid solubility but it will also eliminate activity. R´´ in position 1 is usually, H but CH3 in that position yields less lipid solubility and duration. Exchanging S for O atom in position 2 produces thiobarbiturates, which are more lipid-soluble than the oxybarbiturates. In general, the more lipid-soluble the barbiturate, the more rapid its onset, the shorter its duration and the greater the degree of hypnotic activity. Barbiturates ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GABAA_receptor_positive_allosteric_modulator
Cannabidiol binding and negative allosteric modulation at the cannabinoid type 1 receptor in the presence of delta-9...Cannabidiol binding and negative allosteric modulation at the cannabinoid type 1 receptor in the presence of delta-9...
Recent evidence has raised in discussion the possibility that cannabidiol can act as a negative allosteric modulator of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor. Here we have used computational methods to study the modulation exerted by cannabidiol on the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the cannabinoid receptor type 1 and the possibility of direct receptor blockade. We propose a putative allosteric binding site that is located in the N-terminal region of receptor, partially overlapping the orthosteric binding site. Molecular dynamics simulations reveled a coordinated movement involving the outward rotation of helixes 1 and 2 and subsequent expansion of the orthosteric binding site upon cannabidiol binding. Finally, changes in the cytoplasmic region and high helix 8 mobility were related to impaired receptor internalization. Together, these results offer a possible explanation to how cannabidiol can directly modulate effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the cannabinoid receptor type 1.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0220025
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 - wikidocMetabotropic glutamate receptor 4 - wikidoc
Engers DW, Blobaum AL, Gogliotti RD, Cheung YY, Salovich JM, Garcia-Barrantes PM, Daniels JS, Morrison R, Jones CK, Soars MG, Zhuo X, Hurley J, Macor JE, Bronson JJ, Conn PJ, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM, Hopkins CR (2016). Discovery, Synthesis, and Preclinical Characterization of N-(3-Chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-b]pyridin-3-amine (VU0418506), a Novel Positive Allosteric Modulator of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 4 (mGlu4). ACS Chem Neurosci. 7: 1192-200. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00035. PMID 27075300 ...
http://wikidoc.org/index.php/Metabotropic_glutamate_receptor_4
Allosterism at Muscarinic Receptors: Ligands and Mechanisms | Bentham ScienceAllosterism at Muscarinic Receptors: Ligands and Mechanisms | Bentham Science
Title: Allosterism at Muscarinic Receptors: Ligands and Mechanisms. VOLUME: 5 ISSUE: 6. Author(s):N. J.M. Birdsall and S. Lazareno. Affiliation:Division of Physical Biochemistry, National Institute for Medical Research, London NW7 1AA, UK.. Keywords:muscarinic receptors, allosterism, cooperativity, enhancers, receptor models, structure-activity relationships, interaction studies, receptor subtype selectivity. Abstract: The evaluation of allosteric ligands at muscarinic receptors is discussed in terms of the ability of the experimental data to be interpreted by the allosteric ternary complex model. The compilation of useful SAR information of allosteric ligands is not simple, especially for muscarinic receptors, where there are multiple allosteric sites and complex interactions. ...
https://www.eurekaselect.com/79748/article/allosterism-muscarinic-receptors-ligands-and-mechanisms?tracking-code=4
Design of allosteric hammerhead ribozymes activated by ligand-induced structure stabilization<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Design of allosteric hammerhead ribozymes activated by ligand-induced structure stabilization. AU - Soukup, Garrett. AU - Breaker, Ronald R.. PY - 1999/7/15. Y1 - 1999/7/15. N2 - Background: Ribozymes can function as allosteric enzymes that undergo a conformational change upon ligand binding to a site other than the active site. Although allosteric ribozymes are not known to exist in nature, nucleic acids appear to be well suited to display such advanced forms of kinetic control. Current research explores the mechanisms of allosteric ribozymes as well as the strategies and methods that can be used to create new controllable enzymes. Results: In this study, we exploit the modular nature of certain functional RNAs to engineer allosteric ribozymes that are activated by flavin mononucleotide (FMN) or theophylline. By joining an FMN- or theophylline-binding domain to a hammerhead ribozyme by different stem II elements, we have identified a minimal connective bridge comprised of a G·U ...
https://creighton.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/design-of-allosteric-hammerhead-ribozymes-activated-by-ligand-ind
Structures of two melanoma-associated antigens suggest allosteric regulation of effector binding<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structures of two melanoma-associated antigens suggest allosteric regulation of effector binding. AU - Newman, Joseph A.. AU - Cooper, Christopher D O. AU - Roos, Anette K.. AU - Aitkenhead, Hazel. AU - Oppermann, Udo C T. AU - Cho, Hearn J.. AU - Osman, Roman. AU - Gileadi, Opher. PY - 2016/2/24. Y1 - 2016/2/24. N2 - The MAGE (melanoma associated antigen) protein family are tumour-associated proteins normally present only in reproductive tissues such as germ cells of the testis. The human genome encodes over 60 MAGE genes of which one class (containing MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A4) are exclusively expressed in tumours, making them an attractive target for the development of targeted and immunotherapeutic cancer treatments. Some MAGE proteins are thought to play an active role in driving cancer, modulating the activity of E3 ubiquitin ligases on targets related to apoptosis. Here we determined the crystal structures of MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A4. Both proteins crystallized with a terminal ...
https://pure.hud.ac.uk/en/publications/structures-of-two-melanoma-associated-antigens-suggest-allosteric
Structures of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexes elucidate the mechanism of purine regulation<...Structures of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexes elucidate the mechanism of purine regulation<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structures of bovine glutamate dehydrogenase complexes elucidate the mechanism of purine regulation. AU - Smith, Thomas. AU - Peterson, Peter E.. AU - Schmidt, Timothy. AU - Fang, Jie. AU - Stanley, Charles A.. PY - 2001/3/23. Y1 - 2001/3/23. N2 - Glutamate dehydrogenase is found in all organisms and catalyses the oxidative deamination of L-glutamate to 2-oxoglutarate. However, only animal GDH utilizes both NAD(H) or NADP(H) with comparable efficacy and exhibits a complex pattern of allosteric inhibition by a wide variety of small molecules. The major allosteric inhibitors are GTP and NADH and the two main allosteric activators are ADP and NAD+. The structures presented here have refined and modified the previous structural model of allosteric regulation inferred from the original boGDH·NADH·GLU·GTP complex. The boGDH·NAD+·α-KG complex structure clearly demonstrates that the second coenzyme-binding site lies directly under the pivot helix of the NAD+ binding domain. In ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/structures-of-bovine-glutamate-dehydrogenase-complexes-elucidate-
Structural elements and allosteric mechanisms governing regulation and catalysis of CSK-family kinases and their inhibition of...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Structural elements and allosteric mechanisms governing regulation and catalysis of CSK-family kinases and their inhibition of Src-family kinases. AU - Ia, Kim K.. AU - Mills, Ryan D.. AU - Hossain, Mohammed I.. AU - Chan, Khai Chew. AU - Jarasrassamee, Boonyarin. AU - Jorissen, Robert. AU - Cheng, Heung Chin. PY - 2010/10/1. Y1 - 2010/10/1. N2 - C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) and CSK-homologous kinase (CHK) are endogenous inhibitors constraining the activity of the oncogenic Src-family kinases (SFKs) in cells. Both kinases suppress SFKs by selectively phosphorylating their consensus C-terminal regulatory tyrosine. In addition to phosphorylation, CHK can suppress SFKs by a unique non-catalytic inhibitory mechanism that involves tight binding of CHK to SFKs to form stable complexes. In this review, we discuss how allosteric regulators, phosphorylation, and inter-domain interactions interplay to govern the activity of CSK and CHK and their ability to inhibit SFKs. In particular, based ...
https://portal.sahmriresearch.org/en/publications/structural-elements-and-allosteric-mechanisms-governing-regulatio
Allosteric modulation of Class C GPCRs for CNS and metabolic disorders - Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical SciencesAllosteric modulation of Class C GPCRs for CNS and metabolic disorders - Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Our lab is interested in the biology and therapeutic potential of targeting Class C G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). We are predominantly focussed on two class members: metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) and the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR). mGlu5 is an exciting new target for schizophrenia, Alzheimers disease, autism spectrum disorders and depression, whereas modulators of the CaSR are already in the clinic for hyperparathyroidism and are putative therapeutics for osteoporosis, calcium handling disorders, asthma and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. We are pursuing a novel class of therapeutics, called allosteric modulators, to selectively target these receptors. To facilitate rational drug design and discovery efforts, a better understanding of the functional consequences and structural basis of allosteric modulation is needed.. Available projects examine ...
https://www.monash.edu/pharm/future/courses/pharmaceutical-science-honours/honours-projects/honours-projects/drug-discovery-biology/allosteric-modulation-of-class-c-gpcrs-for-cns-and-metabolic-disorders
Expression, purification and characterization of human glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) allosteric regulatory mutations<...Expression, purification and characterization of human glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) allosteric regulatory mutations<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Expression, purification and characterization of human glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) allosteric regulatory mutations. AU - Fang, Jie. AU - Hsu, Betty Y L. AU - MacMullen, Courtney M.. AU - Poncz, Mortimer. AU - Smith, Thomas. AU - Stanley, Charles A.. PY - 2002/4/1. Y1 - 2002/4/1. N2 - Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) catalyses the reversible oxidative deamination of L-glutamate to 2-oxoglutarate in the mitochondrial matrix. In mammals, this enzyme is highly regulated by allosteric effectors. The major allosteric activator and inhibitor are ADP and GTP, respectively; allosteric activation by leucine may play an important role in amino acid-stimulated insulin secretion. The physiological significance of this regulation has been highlighted by the identification of children with an unusual hyperinsulinism/hyperammonaemia syndrome associated with dominant mutations in GDH that cause a loss in GTP inhibition. In order to determine the effects of these mutations on the function of the ...
https://researchexperts.utmb.edu/en/publications/expression-purification-and-characterization-of-human-glutamate-d
Decoding allosteric communication pathways in protein lysine acetyltransferase | Rehman, Ashfaq Ur; Rahman, Mueed Ur; Lu,...Decoding allosteric communication pathways in protein lysine acetyltransferase | Rehman, Ashfaq Ur; Rahman, Mueed Ur; Lu,...
Decoding allosteric communication pathways in protein lysine acetyltransferase | Rehman, Ashfaq Ur; Rahman, Mueed Ur; Lu, Shaoyong; Liu, Hao; Li, Jia-Yi; Arshad, Taaha; Wadood, Abdul; Ng, Ho Leung; Chen, Hai-Feng | download | BookSC. Download books for free. Find books
https://in.booksc.xyz/book/80899951/870df2
PQDT OpenPQDT Open
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are ligand-gated ion channels found in the central and peripheral nervous systems. They regulate neurotransmitter release throughout the CNS and facilitate fast synaptic transmission. nAChRs have been implicated in autism, depression, schizophrenia, and nicotine addiction, although not many medications targeting the cholinergic system are available. Positive allosteric modulation is a developing method of pharmacological treatment. Des-formyflustrabromine (dFBr), is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Galantamine is both and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) and a PAM that is used in the treatment of Alzheimers disease (AD).. Using two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology (TEVC), we investigated the selectivity of dFBr with a series of heteromeric nicotinc receptors. We found that dFBr does not potentiate α3β4, α3β2, or α4β4 receptors. In addition, our results indicate that both α4 and β2 ...
https://pqdtopen.proquest.com/doc/2403131882.html?FMT=ABS
Parathyroid Hormone Receptors - Allosteric Inhibitors of the Eya2 PhosphataseParathyroid Hormone Receptors - Allosteric Inhibitors of the Eya2 Phosphatase
Supplementary Materials? CAS-109-3783-s001. lymph node metastasis than those without, while no difference was observed between examples with and without lymph node metastasis in LUSC. Gain and lack of function tests were performed to verify the metastatic part of PIG3 in vitro also to explore the system involved with its oncogenic part in NSCLC metastasis. The outcomes demonstrated that PIG3 knockdown inhibited the LY2090314 migration and invasion capability of NSCLC cells considerably, and reduced paxillin, phospho\focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and phospho\Src kinase manifestation, while its overexpression led to the opposite results. Blocking FAK using its inhibitor reverses PIG3 overexpression\induced cell motility in NSCLC cells, indicating that PIG3 improved cell metastasis through the FAK/Src/paxillin pathway. Furthermore, PIG3 silencing sensitized NSCLC cells to FAK inhibitor. To conclude, our data exposed a job for PIG3 in inducing LUAD metastasis, and its own role as a fresh LY2090314 FAK ...
http://wirdahl.com/category/parathyroid-hormone-receptors/
IJMS | Free Full-Text | Double Mutant Cycles as a Tool to Address Folding, Binding, and AllosteryIJMS | Free Full-Text | Double Mutant Cycles as a Tool to Address Folding, Binding, and Allostery
Quantitative measurement of intramolecular and intermolecular interactions in protein structure is an elusive task, not easy to address experimentally. The phenomenon denoted ‘energetic coupling’ describes short- and long-range interactions between two residues in a protein system. A powerful method to identify and quantitatively characterize long-range interactions and allosteric networks in proteins or protein–ligand complexes is called double-mutant cycles analysis. In this review we describe the thermodynamic principles and basic equations that underlie the double mutant cycle methodology, its fields of application and latest employments, and caveats and pitfalls that the experimentalists must consider. In particular, we show how double mutant cycles can be a powerful tool to investigate allosteric mechanisms in protein binding reactions as well as elusive states in protein folding pathways.
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/828
The molecular basis for an allosteric inhibition of K+-flux gating in K2P channels | eLifeThe molecular basis for an allosteric inhibition of K+-flux gating in K2P channels | eLife
A combined systematic alanine scanning and molecular modelling approach reveals the molecular basis for an allosteric inhibition mechanism of K+-flux gating in K2P channels.
https://elifesciences.org/articles/39476
Previously Unpublished Paper By Francis Crick And Jeffries Wyman, A Footnote On Allostery - RedorbitPreviously Unpublished Paper By Francis Crick And Jeffries Wyman, A Footnote On Allostery - Redorbit
It is rare that an unpublished piece of research or theory remains significant after half a century. It is also a wonderful example of the boundless curiosity of the late Francis Crick. A previously unpublished work by Francis Crick and Jeffries Wyman from 1965 is now available, together with Jean-Pierre Changeuxs recollections on the origins of the theory of Allostery and several important texts by various authors on the subject. These are part of a special issue of the Journal of Molecular Biology (JMB) published at the occasion of a Pasteur/EMBO Conference on Allosteric Interactions in Cell Signaling and Regulation to be held at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, May 14-17, 2013, to mark a half-century of research on this subject.. Early in 1963 an influential theory was published by Jacques Monod, Jean-Pierre Changeux and François Jacob in JMB to explain how binding of a regulatory molecule could influence the binding of a completely different kind of molecule at topographically distinct ...
http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112826243/previously-unpublished-paper-by-francis-crick-and-jeffries-wyman-a-footnote-on-allostery/
Background - GabatherBackground - Gabather
Gabather has completed in vitro and in vivo experiments on the substances GT-001 - GT-006. The substances were tested in models for psychosis and anxiety, with very promising general results such as none of the substances having sedative side effects. The main focus has been on GT-002, which is generating promising results as a potential antipsychotic. In 2015 Gabather signed a research agreement with UNSW (University of New South Wales, Australia), and one of the resulting studies show that GT-002 acts as a positive allosteric modulator on the GabaA receptor. The difference from other positive allosteric modulators is that GT-002 does not affect the neuron population, which minimizes the risk of sedative or convulsive side effects. Further in-vitro studies show that GT-002 is also a highly selective substance. ...
http://www.gabather.com/en-background/
Insulin receptor - wikidocInsulin receptor - wikidoc
Strictly speaking the relationship between IR and ligand shows complex allosteric properties. This was indicated with the use of a Scatchard plots which identified that the measurement of the ratio of IR bound ligand to unbound ligand does not follow a linear relationship with respect to changes in the concentration of IR bound ligand, suggesting that the IR and its respective ligand share a relationship of cooperative binding.[10] Furthermore, the observation that the rate of IR-ligand dissociation is accelerated upon addition of unbound ligand implies that the nature of this cooperation is negative; said differently, that the initial binding of ligand to the IR inhibits further binding to its second active site - exhibition of allosteric inhibition.[10] Although the precise binding mechanism of IR and its ligand has not yet been elucidated structurally, as identified using a systems biology approach, biologically relevant prediction of the IR-ligand kinetics (insulin/IGF-I) has been identified ...
http://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Insulin_receptor
Allosteric inhibitors of the Eya2 phosphatase are selective and inhibit Eya2-mediated cell migration. | Colorado PROFILES
Krueger AB, Drasin DJ, Lea WA, Patrick AN, Patnaik S, Backos DS, Matheson CJ, Hu X, Barnaeva E, Holliday MJ, Blevins MA, Robin TP, Eisenmesser EZ, Ferrer M, Simeonov A, Southall N, Reigan P, Marugan J, Ford HL, Zhao R. Allosteric inhibitors of the Eya2 phosphatase are selective and inhibit Eya2-mediated cell migration. J Biol Chem. 2014 Jun 06; 289(23):16349-61 ...
https://profiles.ucdenver.edu/display/8213150
Possible location the allosteric binding pocket of L. p | Open-iPossible location the allosteric binding pocket of L. p | Open-i
Possible location the allosteric binding pocket of L. pneumophila dehydratase. The catalytic domain is highlightedin orange, whereasthe β domain is displayed i
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC4263429_bi-2014-01253w_0006&req=4
Plus itPlus it
On the basis of its MEK inhibitory activity, E6201 was shown here to be an ATP-competitive MEK inhibitor that is effective against BRAF-V600E melanoma in a preclinical setting. Furthermore, we showed that E6201 is effective in a preclinical model against BRAF-V600E melanoma harboring the MEK1-C121S mutation. Almost all of the MEK inhibitors previously reported are allosteric inhibitors, not ATP-competitive inhibitors (37). Our docking simulation showed that E6201 and selumetinib bind to different sites when they dock with MEK. These results suggest that the inhibitory mode of action of E6201 is different from that of allosteric MEK inhibitors and that E6201 merits further investigation in a clinical setting against both MEK-WT melanomas and melanomas harboring MEK with mutations at the allosteric site.. The MEK1-C121S mutation, which confers resistance to vemurafenib, increases MEK activity independently from BRAF and also confers resistance to the allosteric MEK inhibitor selumetinib (12). Our ...
http://mct.aacrjournals.org/content/13/4/823
AMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators - a case history : Sussex Research OnlineAMPA receptor positive allosteric modulators - a case history : Sussex Research Online
Significant advances have been made over recent years in our understanding of the tremendous complexity underlying the function of the human brain, in particular gaining insight into the mechanisms of synaptic plasticity which are key to developmental, adaptive and learning processes. Glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), is of critical importance to these processes, acting at chemical synapses on two major classes of receptors - the metabotropic family of G-protein coupled receptors (mGluRs 1-8), and ionotropic family of ion channel forming receptors (iGluRs). The latter comprises the α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA), N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and kainate receptors. Despite similarities shared within this ion channel family, there exist clear structural and pharmacological differences which underlie their individual modes of action. This chapter provides a case history of ion channel lead optimisation, discusses ...
http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/53290/
Lon Schneider, MD | Keck School of Medicine of USCLon Schneider, MD | Keck School of Medicine of USC
Escitalopram for agitation in Alzheimers disease (S-CitAD): Methods and design of an investigator-initiated, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial Alzheimers Dement. 2019 Nov; 15(11):1427-1436. . View in PubMed. A randomized clinical trial to evaluate home-based assessment of people over 75 years old Alzheimers Dement. 2019 May; 15(5):615-624. . View in PubMed. Blood-brain barrier breakdown is an early biomarker of human cognitive dysfunction Nat Med. 2019 02; 25(2):270-276. . View in PubMed. A phase 1 clinical trial of the sigma-2 receptor complex allosteric antagonist CT1812, a novel therapeutic candidate for Alzheimers disease Alzheimers Dement (N Y). 2019; 5:20-26. . View in PubMed. Evaluation of Medicare Claims Data as a Tool to Identify Dementia J Alzheimers Dis. 2019; 67(2):769-778. . View in PubMed. Association of Concomitant Use of Cholinesterase Inhibitors or Memantine With Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer Clinical Trials: A Meta-analysis JAMA Netw Open. 2018 11 02; ...
https://keck.usc.edu/faculty-search/lon-schneider/
TCDB » SEARCHTCDB » SEARCH
Adult strychnine-sensitive glycine-inhibited chloride (anion selective) heteropentameric channel (GlyR; GLRA1) consisting of α1- and β-subunits (Cascio, 2004; Sivilotti, 2010). Ivermectin potentiates glycine-induced channel activation (Wang and Lynch, 2012). Molecular sites for the positive allosteric modulation of glycine receptors by endocannabinoids have been identified (Yévenes and Zeilhofer, 2011). Different subunits contribute asymmetrically to channel conductances via residues in the extracellular domain (Moroni et al., 2011; Xiong et al., 2012). Dominant and recessive mutations in GLRA1 are the major causes of hyperekplexia or startle disease (Gimenez et al., 2012). Open channel 3-d structures are known (Mowrey et al. 2013). Desensitization is regulated by interactions between the second and third transmembrane segments which affect the ion channel lumen near its intracellular end. The GABAAR and GlyR pore blocker, picrotoxin (TC# 8.C.1), prevents desensitization (Gielen et al. 2015). ...
http://tcdb.org/search/result.php?acc=P23415&tc=1.A.9.3.1
Reciprocal allosteric regulation of p38γ and PTPN3 involves a PDZ domain-modulated complex formation | Science SignalingReciprocal allosteric regulation of p38γ and PTPN3 involves a PDZ domain-modulated complex formation | Science Signaling
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Science Signaling.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/7/347/ra98/tab-figures-data
The Briarfield Chronicles: Running in Reverse: The Structural Basis for Translocation Polarity in Hexameric Helicases by...The Briarfield Chronicles: Running in Reverse: The Structural Basis for Translocation Polarity in Hexameric Helicases by...
Figure 6. Translocation Mechanism and Directional Polarity(A) Schematic of a Rho translocation cycle in which six ATP molecules are hydrolyzed to move six nucleotides of RNA. Helicase subunits are illustrated as colored spheres. RNA is shown as a chain of white spheres spiraling out of the plane of the paper. Protein-RNA contacts are indicated by lines connecting the protein and RNA spheres; the black RNA sphere serves as a reference point and moves toward the viewer as the boxed red subunit transitions through six steps in the translocation cycle. A yellow star represents activation of the allosteric network that likely promotes hydrolysis. See also Movies S3-S6.(B) Schematics of Rho and E1 (chains A-F) illustrating their respective sequential ATP hydrolysis directions. Protein subunits are colored as inFigure 1. Nucleic acid phosphates observed in the structures are illustrated as bold orange circles, with the incoming phosphate shown as a dashed orange circle. Rectangles represent the two ...
http://thebriarfieldchronicles.blogspot.com/2012/06/running-in-reverse-structural-basis-for.html
RCSB PDB - 1JT9: Structure of the mutant F174A T form of the Glucosamine-6-Phosphate deaminase from E.coli Methods...RCSB PDB - 1JT9: Structure of the mutant F174A T form of the Glucosamine-6-Phosphate deaminase from E.coli Methods...
1JT9: On the role of the conformational flexibility of the active-site lid on the allosteric kinetics of glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase.
http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/materialsAndMethods.do?structureId=1JT9
Allosteric Effectors - Biochemistry Video | Clutch PrepAllosteric Effectors - Biochemistry Video | Clutch Prep
Video explaining Allosteric Effectors for Biochemistry. This is one of many videos provided by Clutch Prep to prepare you to succeed in your college classes.
https://www.clutchprep.com/biochemistry/allosteric-effectors/17306/learn/21945
Allosteric Effectors - Biochemistry Video | Clutch PrepAllosteric Effectors - Biochemistry Video | Clutch Prep
Video explaining Allosteric Effectors for Biochemistry. This is one of many videos provided by Clutch Prep to prepare you to succeed in your college classes.
https://www.clutchprep.com/biochemistry/allosteric-effectors/17306/learn/21944
Understanding allostery, constructing structural pathways and exploring a new trend in data integration: the PLOS Comp Biol...Understanding allostery, constructing structural pathways and exploring a new trend in data integration: the PLOS Comp Biol...
Structural pathways are important because they provide insight into signaling mechanisms, help understand the mechanism of disease-related mutations, and assist in drug discovery. Ozbabacan et al. construct the IL-1 structural pathway and map oncogenic mutations and SNPs. They show that modeling of protein-protein interactions on a large scale can provide accurate, structural atom-level detail of signaling pathways in the human cell and help delineate the mechanism through which a mutation leads to disease.. Numerous approaches have been undertaken over the last 50 years in an effort to explain allostery. Chung-Jung Tsai and Ruth Nussinov survey points of view on allostery in a Perspective, synthesizing them via a mathematical model in order to obtain a coherent understanding of the question of how allostery works. They address this question from three standpoints: thermodynamics, free energy landscape of population shift, and structure; all with exactly the same allosteric descriptors.. ...
http://blogs.plos.org/biologue/2014/03/05/plos-comp-biol-february-issue/
Negative Allosteric Modulation of the mGluR5 Receptor Reduces Repetitive Behaviors and Rescues Social Deficits in Mouse Models...Negative Allosteric Modulation of the mGluR5 Receptor Reduces Repetitive Behaviors and Rescues Social Deficits in Mouse Models...
Thank you for your interest in spreading the word about Science Translational Medicine.. NOTE: We only request your email address so that the person you are recommending the page to knows that you wanted them to see it, and that it is not junk mail. We do not capture any email address.. ...
https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/4/131/131ra51/tab-pdf
Molecular Pathways: Response and Resistance to BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in BRAFV600E Tumors | Clinical Cancer ResearchMolecular Pathways: Response and Resistance to BRAF and MEK Inhibitors in BRAFV600E Tumors | Clinical Cancer Research
Allosteric MEK inhibitors represent the first pharmacologic inhibitors of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway, with CI-1040 being the first to be tested in human clinical trials (13). Although the human efficacy of CI-1040 was likely limited due to poor drug-like properties and a lack of potency, this inhibitor provided preclinical proof-of-concept that targeting MEK can result in antitumor activity in preclinical models (14). This work led to the development of more potent allosteric inhibitors with improved properties, such as PD0325901 and ARRY142886/AZD6244, as well as a host of others that have demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in human clinical trials (reviewed in ref. 15). The most advanced MEK inhibitor, trametinib, was recently approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma expressing BRAFV600E/K. In a phase III trial in patients with metastatic melanoma whose tumors express BRAFV600E/K, trametinib treatment resulted in a 22% response rate and 4.8 months median progression-free survival, ...
http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/20/5/1074?rss=1
FLJ12455FLJ12455
immune Uncategorized 31430-18-9, FLJ12455 Glutamate receptors are essential potential medication targets for cognitive enhancement and the treating schizophrenia partly because theyre the most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the vertebrate central anxious program. GluA2 and GluA3 flop isoforms of AMPA receptors. Particular hydrogen bonding patterns can clarify the choice for the flop isoform. This consists of a bidentate hydrogen bonding design between PEPA and N754 of the flop isoforms of GluA2 and GluA3 (the corresponding placement in the flip isoform can be S754). Assessment with additional allosteric modulators offers a framework for the advancement of fresh allosteric modulators with choices for either the flip or flop isoforms. Furthermore to interactions with N/S754, particular interactions of the sulfonamide with conserved residues in the binding site are features of several allosteric modulators. These, in mixture, with adjustable interactions with five subsites on ...
http://www.immune-source.com/tag/flj12455/
Dr Angus James Cameron - Cancer Research UK Barts CentreDr Angus James Cameron - Cancer Research UK Barts Centre
The targeting of protein kinases represents an opportunity and challenge in cancer treatment. Some 2% of transcribed genes are kinases, many implicated in tumorigenesis and all potentially druggable.. My research encompasses various cancer associated kinases, including PKC, PKN, mTOR and EGFR family tyrosine kinases. In particular, my work on PKC and the HER family of tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors has revealed that inhibitors can have surprising allosteric effects on kinase function with significant implications for therapy.. My group is currently examining the role of the PKN kinases in malignant progression. PKN kinases are effectors of Rho family GTPases, regulating cell shape, adhesion and motility. Our studies on the role for PKN family members in mammalian development has provided significant insight; we have described a key non-redundant role for the PKN2 isoform in the regulation of embryo morphogenesis, cell proliferation and migration; phenotypes critically linked to cancer ...
https://www.bartscancer.london/staff/dr-angus-james-cameron/
VU 0424465 Supplier | CAS 1428630-85-6 | VU0424465 | Tocris BioscienceVU 0424465 Supplier | CAS 1428630-85-6 | VU0424465 | Tocris Bioscience
View and buy high purity VU 0424465 from Tocris Bioscience. Potent mGlu5 positive allosteric modulator and agonist; binds allosteric site with high affinity.
https://www.tocris.com/products/vu-0424465_6895
Research programme: cancer therapeutics - Domain Therapeutics - AdisInsightResearch programme: cancer therapeutics - Domain Therapeutics - AdisInsight
Domain Therapeutics is developing metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 negative allosteric modulators (mGluR3 NAM) for the treatment of various cancers.
http://adisinsight.springer.com/drugs/800039563?error=cookies_not_supported&code=870c2f2e-615f-47d9-b68f-a77b3b61936a
Applications filed at Aug 31 2017 | COMPOUNDS MODULATING C-FMS AND/OR C-KIT ACTIVITY AND USES THEREFOR | Patents.comApplications filed at Aug 31 2017 | COMPOUNDS MODULATING C-FMS AND/OR C-KIT ACTIVITY AND USES THEREFOR | Patents.com
BICYCLIC AZA COMPOUNDS AS MUSCARINIC M1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS | FATTY ACID CONJUGATES OF QUETIAPINE, PROCESS FOR MAKING AND USING THE SAME | AMINOPYRIMIDINE KINASE INHIBITORS | SUBSTITUTED 4-ALKOXYPICOLINAMIDE ANALOGS AS MGLUR5 NEGATIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATORS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND... | NOVEL COMPOUNDS |
http://www.patents.com/ap-20170831-p84.html
Differential allosteric modulation by amiloride analogues of agonist and antagonist binding at A(1) and A(3) adenosine...Differential allosteric modulation by amiloride analogues of agonist and antagonist binding at A(1) and A(3) adenosine...
PubMed comprises more than 30 million citations for biomedical literature from MEDLINE, life science journals, and online books. Citations may include links to full-text content from PubMed Central and publisher web sites.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12566079?dopt=Abstract
Wnt Signaling - Selective suppression of excessive GluN2C expressionWnt Signaling - Selective suppression of excessive GluN2C expression
Supplementary MaterialsSupplementary Figures 41598_2018_21050_MOESM1_ESM. here should result in a noticable difference in reproducibility and help get rid of false negatives aswell as fake positives in these assays. Launch Reproducibility has turned into a subject of concern in biomedical analysis1 significantly,2. Researchers recognize that they neglect to reproduce their very own tests also, aside from those of their co-workers around the world3. When tests a potential anticancer medication, a book and potent allosteric inhibitor particular for the glutaminase-1 enzyme (EC 3.5.1.2), we initially experienced an identical irreproducibility. Our focus on metabolomics led us to experiments that then produced an explanation for the lack of reproducibility, and employed a more comprehensive assay development approach which we believe can be of benefit for the scientific community. Indeed, as we go on to discuss, the use of a GLS1 inhibitor is usually less important here than the notion that culture ...
https://health-media.net/category/wnt-signaling/
The Loris Lab | SBRCThe Loris Lab | SBRC
One family, ccdAB, interferes with replication and transcription via interactions with gyrase. This family has been extensively studied in the last five years, leading to a detailed understanding on how the toxin CcdB poisons DNA-bound-gyrase and how the intrinsically disordered domain of the antitoxin CcdA is able to rejuvenated CcdB-poisoned gyrase. The latter proves to be an example on how intrinsically disordered proteins act in mechanistic terms and why intrinsic disorder is required in certain biochemical contexts.. Another family of TA modules, phd/doc, inhibit translation by interfering with the action of the ribosome. The phd/doc module of bacteriophage P1 is being used to study transcription regulation by conditional co-operativity. This is a novel regulatory mechanism used by bacteria that involves allosteric communication between two (partly) disordered protein domains. While such a form of allostery has been predicted based on theoretical arguments, our work provided the first ...
http://sbrc.vub.ac.be/LorisLab
Regulation of retinoid signalling by receptor polarity and allosteric control of ligand bindingRegulation of retinoid signalling by receptor polarity and allosteric control of ligand binding
... Nature. 1994 Oct 6;371(6497): ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7935766/?dopt=Abstract
talks.cam : Allosteric regulation and biased signaling at class B GPCRstalks.cam : Allosteric regulation and biased signaling at class B GPCRs
Allosteric regulation and biased signaling at class B GPCRs. Add to your list(s) Download to your calendar using vCal ... University of Cambridge , Talks.cam , Pharmacology Tea Club seminars , Allosteric regulation and biased signaling at class B ...
http://talks.cam.ac.uk/talk/index/71763
Mechanism of allosteric regulation of β2-adrenergic receptor by cholesterol | Biological Physics and Soft Matter | University...Mechanism of allosteric regulation of β2-adrenergic receptor by cholesterol | Biological Physics and Soft Matter | University...
Mechanism of allosteric regulation of β2-adrenergic receptor by cholesterol Proteins known as G protein-coupled receptors, or ... However, there are no data showing how exactly the regulation emerges from specific lipid-protein interactions. Here we show in ... There is evidence that lipids can be allosteric regulators of membrane protein structure and activation. ... is modulated by cholesterol in an allosteric fashion. Extensive atomistic simulations show that cholesterol regulates β2AR by ...
https://www.helsinki.fi/en/researchgroups/biological-physics-and-soft-matter/news/mechanism-of-allosteric-regulation-of-b2-adrenergic-receptor-by-cholesterol
Mechanism of β|SUB|2|/SUB|AR regulation by an intracellular positive allosteric modulator - NASA/ADSMechanism of β|SUB|2|/SUB|AR regulation by an intracellular positive allosteric modulator - NASA/ADS
Allosteric binding sites, elsewhere on the receptors, are less well-defined, and so less exploited clinically. We report the ... Diversity in location, mechanism, and selectivity of allosteric ligands provides potential to expand the range of receptor ... a positive allosteric modulator of this receptor. It binds on the receptors inner surface in a pocket created by intracellular ... Mechanism of β2AR regulation by an intracellular positive allosteric modulator *Liu, Xiangyu ...
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019Sci...364.1283L
Allosteric regulation and catalysis emerge via a common route<...
title = "Allosteric regulation and catalysis emerge via a common route",. abstract = "Allosteric regulation of protein function ... N2 - Allosteric regulation of protein function is a mechanism by which an event in one place of a protein structure causes an ... AB - Allosteric regulation of protein function is a mechanism by which an event in one place of a protein structure causes an ... Allosteric regulation of protein function is a mechanism by which an event in one place of a protein structure causes an effect ...
https://researchwith.montclair.edu/en/publications/allosteric-regulation-and-catalysis-emerge-via-a-common-route
Allosteric regulation of papain-like peptidases - Novinec GroupAllosteric regulation of papain-like peptidases - Novinec Group
However, allosteric regulation has emerged in recent years as an important mode of regulation in vivo and targeting sites ... Allosteric regulation of papain-like peptidases. Papain-like cysteine peptidases (PLPs) are found in all domains of life. They ... Our research is aimed at identifying and characterising molecular mechanisms of allosteric regulation in PLPs and is based on a ... By our current interpretation, allosteric regulation in PLPs can be described by a simple two-state model. The enzyme exists in ...
https://novinecgroup.org/research/allostery/
Allosteric regulation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinasesAllosteric regulation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases
... Authors: Karla Martinez Pomier, Madoka Akimoto, Jung Ah ... such as allosteric pluripotency, allosteric nonadditive binding, and uncompetitive allosteric inhibition, are all ... HomeCanadian Journal of ChemistryVolume 100, Number 9, September 2022Allosteric regulation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent ... Allosteric modulation of PKA. Given the central role of cAMP in the allosteric control of PKA, hundreds of cAMP analogs have ...
https://cdnsciencepub.com/doi/10.1139/cjc-2021-0359
Studies on hog spleen N-acetylglucosamine kinase : II. Allosteric regulation of the activity of N-acetylglucosamine kinase -...Studies on hog spleen N-acetylglucosamine kinase : II. Allosteric regulation of the activity of N-acetylglucosamine kinase -...
Allosteric regulation of the activity of N-acetylglucosamine kinase Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 142 (2). pp. 645- ... The allosteric effect of GlcNAc-6-p and UDP-GlcNAc was confirmed since specific disruption of the inhibitor-binding site(s) is ...
http://repository.ias.ac.in/9315/
Scholars Mine - Undergraduate Research Conference at Missouri S&T: Modulation of Allosteric Regulation of Muscarinic Signaling...Scholars' Mine - Undergraduate Research Conference at Missouri S&T: Modulation of Allosteric Regulation of Muscarinic Signaling...
Between two loops on this allosteric site is a disulfide bond. Using CHO cells expressing M1 receptors, we explored the role ... Deep within the receptor is the active site where acetylcholine binds, while the allosteric site is above it. ... Modulation of Allosteric Regulation of Muscarinic Signaling by Chemical Modification of the Receptor ... Modulation of Allosteric Regulation of Muscarinic Signaling by Chemical Modification of the Receptor ...
https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/ugrc/2015/full-schedule/83/
Probing allosteric regulations with coevolution-driven molecular simulations | Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatics GroupProbing allosteric regulations with coevolution-driven molecular simulations | Molecular Modeling and Bioinformatics Group
Probing allosteric regulations with coevolution-driven molecular simulations. Title. Probing allosteric regulations with ...
https://mmb.pcb.ub.es/www/node/465
Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4L6 Tetrahedron •...Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4L6 Tetrahedron •...
Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4L6 Tetrahedron. L.K.S. von Krbek, D.A ... Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4L6 Tetrahedron ... Multivalent Crown Ether Receptors Enable Allosteric Regulation of Anion Exchange in an Fe4L6 Tetrahedron ... Thus, we demonstrate the use of an externally-bound multivalent effector for allosteric control over internal guest binding in ...
https://www.sfb765.de/publikationen/a01054/index.html
Allosteric regulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels: An emerging mechanistic perspective | Laboratoire de Biochimie...Allosteric regulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels: An emerging mechanistic perspective | Laboratoire de Biochimie...
Allosteric Regulation, Animals, chemistry/metabolism, Humans, Ion Channel Gating, Ligand-Gated Ion Channels, metabolism, Models ... Allosteric regulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels: An emerging mechanistic perspective. Error message. Warning: A ... Allosteric regulation of pentameric ligand-gated ion channels: An emerging mechanistic perspective. ...
http://www-lbt.galaxy.ibpc.fr/node/2405
Biophysical Investigation into the Protein Dynamics Governing the Allosteric Regulation of Plant and Animal 15-LipoxygenasesBiophysical Investigation into the Protein Dynamics Governing the Allosteric Regulation of Plant and Animal 15-Lipoxygenases
... research has turned to allosteric regulation, which is the focus of this Thesis. Previously, the allosteric regulation of a ... Biophysical Investigation into the Protein Dynamics Governing the Allosteric Regulation of Plant and Animal 15-Lipoxygenases. ... We present data which supports that the allosteric regulation of SLO by OS does not induce oligomerization or large-scale ... April 2022). Biophysical Investigation into the Protein Dynamics Governing the Allosteric Regulation of Plant and Animal 15- ...
https://thescholarship.ecu.edu/handle/10342/10684
Structure, mechanism and catalytic duality of thiamine-dependent enzymes | Semantic ScholarStructure, mechanism and catalytic duality of thiamine-dependent enzymes | Semantic Scholar
Allosteric Regulation of Vitamin K2 Biosynthesis in a Human Pathogen. *G. Bashiri, L. V. Nigon, +6 authors. J. Johnston ... Regulation of enzymes with identical subunits on the example of Transketolase. *Solovjeva Olga N ...
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Structure%2C-mechanism-and-catalytic-duality-of-Frank-Leeper/ff240bf9671340a14c5550b6966b89c379f0927d
Journal of Biological ChemistryJournal of Biological Chemistry
Allosteric regulation by membranes and hydrophobic subsites in phospholipase A2 enzymes determine their substrate specificity. ...
https://www.jbc.org/ASBMB-Award-Articles?startPage=&ContribAuthorRaw=Dennis%2C%20Edward%20A
Versatile modes of cellular regulation via cyclic dinucleotides | Nature Chemical BiologyVersatile modes of cellular regulation via cyclic dinucleotides | Nature Chemical Biology
Investigating the allosteric regulation of YfiN from Pseudomonas aeruginosa: clues from the structure of the catalytic domain. ... Mechanistic insight into the conserved allosteric regulation of periplasmic proteolysis by the signaling molecule cyclic-di-GMP ... structural study of a diguanylate cyclase that led to the characterization of the allosteric I-site for feedback regulation. ... Nature 325, 279-281 (1987). Seminal work on the discovery of c-di-GMP as an allosteric regulator of bacterial cellulose ...
https://www.nature.com/articles/nchembio.2337?error=cookies_not_supported&code=585565b1-ca3a-4516-ba19-23b4046c28c5
Glycogen storage disease type VII: MedlinePlus GeneticsGlycogen storage disease type VII: MedlinePlus Genetics
Bruser A, Kirchberger J, Schoneberg T. Altered allosteric regulation of muscle 6-phosphofructokinase causes Tarui disease. ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/glycogen-storage-disease-type-vii/
Using Biophysics to Understand the Basis of Allosteric Inhibition in the Hepatitis C Virus PolymeraseUsing Biophysics to Understand the Basis of Allosteric Inhibition in the Hepatitis C Virus Polymerase
... our research helps to elucidate the many ways that allosteric regulation of enzyme function can occur. Allosteric regulation is ... Our studies highlight mechanisms of allosteric regulation that provide insight into how allosteric inhibitors decrease enzyme ... Thus, better comprehending the underpinnings of allosteric regulation may be applicable in diverse contexts such as in ... We employ molecular modeling and simulation to understand the physical processes that underlie this allosteric regulation. ...
https://www.biophysics.org/blog/using-biophysics-to-understand-the-basis-of-allosteric-inhibition-in-the-hepatitis-c-virus-polymerase
Guttorm Alendal | Universitetet i BergenGuttorm Alendal | Universitetet i Bergen
Vis forfatter(e) (2019). Mathematical modeling of allosteric regulation in fatty acid synthesis. ... Vis forfatter(e) (2020). A multi-omics approach to study Ppar-mediated regulation of lipid metabolism in Atlantic cod (Gadus ... Vis forfatter(e) (2021). Marine Monitoring of Storage Sites, Potential Conflicts in Regulations and Technological Capabilities. ... Vis forfatter(e) (2021). Marine Monitoring of Storage Sites, Potential Conflicts in Regulations and Technological Capabilities. ...
https://www.uib.no/personer/Guttorm.Alendal
Onur Dagliyan, Ph.D. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard CatalystOnur Dagliyan, Ph.D. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Allosteric Regulation. 5. 2019. 426. 1.560. Why? Light. 3. 2019. 1420. 0.960. Why? ...
https://connects.catalyst.harvard.edu/Profiles/display/Person/154084/Network/ResearchAreas/details
2012 Publications - Biological Sciences - Carnegie Mellon University2012 Publications - Biological Sciences - Carnegie Mellon University
Allosteric regulation of GRASP protein-dependent Golgi membrane tethering by mitotic phosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2012 Jun 8; ...
https://www.cmu.edu/bio/research/pub_archives/2012.html
2022 Annual Meeting2022 Annual Meeting
Structural investigation of allosteric regulation in class III ribonucleotide reductases. Gisele A. Andree, Massachusetts ... Structural studies of an androgen receptor complex reveal modes of allosteric regulation ... DNA/RNA regulation of nuclear processes The role of substrate deformation in context-dependent non-CG DNA methylation ... Regulation of mitochondrial calcium transport by caloric restriction in rat kidney. Julian Cualcialpud Serna, Universidade de ...
https://www.asbmb.org/meetings-events/2022-annual-meeting
교원검색 | 포항공과대학교교원검색 | 포항공과대학교
Structural basis for the regulation of Mre11-Rad50, ., 0, 0, - (2011). *Allosteric regulation of the MR complex, ., 0, 0, - ( ... Allosteric mechanism of the Mre11-Rad50 complex., ., 0, 0, - (2011). *Structural basis for the regulation of Mre11-Rad50, , 0, ... Dynamic assembly of Hda and the sliding clamp in the regulation of replication licensing, Nucleic Acids Research, , 45, 3888- ... ORPHAN GPCR들의 자가 활성화 및 ALLOSTERIC 신호 전달 기작 이해, 재단법인한국연구재단 (2021-2022) ...
https://www.postech.ac.kr/research/research-activities/faculty-directory/faculty-directory-view/?pid=00020394
EPFL scientists develop new computer model for better design of allosteric drugsEPFL scientists develop new computer model for better design of allosteric drugs
EPFL scientists have created a new computer model that can help better design of allosteric drugs, which control proteins at a ... Allosteric drugs. Allosteric regulation is a fundamental molecular mechanism that modulates numerous cell processes, fine- ... This "at a distance" approach is called "allosteric regulation", and predicting allosteric pathways for enzymes and other ... Developing an allosteric model. Despite the importance of allosteric processes, we still do not fully understand how a molecule ...
https://www.news-medical.net/news/20170221/EPFL-scientists-develop-new-computer-model-for-betterc2a0design-of-allosteric-drugs.aspx
FLC Search | Directories | Fort Lewis College | Durango COFLC Search | Directories | Fort Lewis College | Durango CO
29 Sep 2006: Regulation of Metabolism. How does the body know when to increase metabolism? Slow metabolism? What might be some ... Works through allosteric regulation of enzyme activity. Figure 6-1 * 1 * 2 ...
https://www.fortlewis.edu/search-directories/flc-search?f.Tabs%7CAllDocumentsFill=All+Results&f.Format%7Cf=ppt&collection=fortlewis-search
Timing of Events, Reset Mechanism, and Allostery Innate to the GTP Hydrolysis Cycle of AtlastinTiming of Events, Reset Mechanism, and Allostery Innate to the GTP Hydrolysis Cycle of Atlastin
membrane fusion; allosteric regulation; dynamin-related proteins; enzyme mechanism; enzyme structure; GTPase; Biochemistry; ... These findings along with additional structural information from mutant proteins define a mechanism for allosteric coupling ...
https://ecommons.cornell.edu/handle/1813/59027
Publications | CrickPublications | Crick
Functional cross-talk between allosteric effects of activating and inhibiting ligands underlies PKM2 regulation. Authors (12)* ... Actomyosin regulation by Eph receptor signaling couples boundary cell formation to border sharpness. Authors (4)*Jordi Cayuso ...
https://www.crick.ac.uk/research/publications?f%5B0%5D=journal_latest_pub%3A513&f%5B1%5D=topic%3A16
Selected Topics in the History of Biochemistry. Personal Recollections. Part III, Volume 37 - 1st EditionSelected Topics in the History of Biochemistry. Personal Recollections. Part III, Volume 37 - 1st Edition
Enzyme regulation: from allosteric sites to intracellular behavior, A. Sols, C. Cancedo and J.J. Aragon. Jean Brachet (1909- ...
https://www.elsevier.com/books/selected-topics-in-the-history-of-biochemistry-personal-recollections-part-iii/semenza/978-0-444-81216-2
Publications | Computational Biology and Drug Design GroupPublications | Computational Biology and Drug Design Group
Allosteric regulation of PKCtheta: Understanding multistep phosphorylation and priming by ligands in AGC kinases. Proteins. ...
http://www.ub.edu/cbdd/?q=biblio/author/155
Frontiers | Targeting Nucleotide Biosynthesis: A Strategy for Improving the Oncolytic Potential of DNA VirusesFrontiers | Targeting Nucleotide Biosynthesis: A Strategy for Improving the Oncolytic Potential of DNA Viruses
Allosteric regulation of vaccinia virus ribonucleotide reductase, analyzed by simultaneous monitoring of its four activities. J ... VACV RNR is also subject to allosteric regulation and is inhibited by hydroxyurea (HU) (145, 146, 148, 151, 152). However, ... Regulation and functional contribution of thymidine kinase 1 in repair of DNA damage. J Biol Chem (2010) 285(35):27327-35. doi: ... dNTP Biogenesis and Regulation in Normal Cells. Mammalian cells employ several mechanisms that must work in concert to provide ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2017.00229/full
MechanismReceptorPositive allostericSubstrateEnzymesEnzyme activityProteinsInhibitors that bindModulationConformationalBindsEffectorCatalysisRegulatorMolecularProcessesEscherichiaLigandCyclicMembraneReceptorsBiosynthesisConformationSiteMetabolismGPCRsBehaviorEquilibriumInvestigateGenerallyFunctionModelActivityEffectsClinicalAlternativePresentCurrent
Mechanism7
  • Diversity in location, mechanism, and selectivity of allosteric ligands provides potential to expand the range of receptor drugs. (harvard.edu)
  • Allosteric regulation of protein function is a mechanism by which an event in one place of a protein structure causes an effect at another site, much like the behavior of a telecommunications network in which a collection of transmitters, receivers and transceivers communicate with each other across long distances. (montclair.edu)
  • The mechanism of this site-to-site communication is of great interest, especially since allosteric effects must be considered in drug design and protein engineering. (montclair.edu)
  • MD simulations indicate that the same mechanism applies for all allosteric sites. (novinecgroup.org)
  • Allosteric regulation is a fundamental molecular mechanism that modulates numerous cell processes, fine-tuning them and making them more efficient. (news-medical.net)
  • These findings along with additional structural information from mutant proteins define a mechanism for allosteric coupling where F151 is the central residue in a hydrophobic interaction network connecting the active-site to an inter-domain interface responsible for nucleotide loading. (cornell.edu)
  • 2012 ) Metal ion involvement in the allosteric mechanism of Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase. (academictree.org)
Receptor6
  • Here we show in atomistic detail how the human β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) - a prototypical G protein-coupled receptor - is modulated by cholesterol in an allosteric fashion. (helsinki.fi)
  • We report the crystal structure of the prototypic β 2 -adrenergic receptor in complex with an orthosteric agonist and compound-6FA, a positive allosteric modulator of this receptor. (harvard.edu)
  • Deep within the receptor is the active site where acetylcholine binds, while the allosteric site is above it. (mst.edu)
  • For example, diazepam (Valium) acts on an allosteric site of the GABAA receptor in the brain, and increases its binding ability. (news-medical.net)
  • Motions accessible to either structure enable conformational interconversion, such as compression of the AMPA receptor toward the more tightly packed NMDA receptor conformation, which has been linked to allosteric regulation. (tcdb.org)
  • Disturbance in the regulation of the CB1 receptor leads to a reduced ability to enjoy pleasure, a passive tolerance to stress and a higher susceptibility to develop depression-like symptoms (2). (hamppumaa.fi)
Positive allosteric2
  • Whereas numerous small-molecule positive allosteric modulators of the ligand-binding domain of (S)-2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA) receptors have been reported, no such ligands are available for KARs. (ku.dk)
  • In conclusion, this study may enable the design of new positive allosteric modulators selective for KARs, which will be of great interest for further investigation of the function of KARs in vivo and may prove useful for pharmacologically controlling the activity of neuronal networks. (ku.dk)
Substrate2
  • The modification of the reactivity of ENZYMES by the binding of effectors to sites ( ALLOSTERIC SITES ) on the enzymes other than the substrate BINDING SITES . (bvsalud.org)
  • The enzyme exhibited allosteric behaviour with a Hill coefficient of 1.60 and K0.5 of 25 mM with L-asparagine as specific substrate. (bvsalud.org)
Enzymes3
  • In order to selectively target the activity of these enzymes, research has turned to allosteric regulation, which is the focus of this Thesis. (ecu.edu)
  • This "at a distance" approach is called "allosteric regulation", and predicting allosteric pathways for enzymes and other proteins has gathered considerable interest. (news-medical.net)
  • The enzymes often display high en. (researchgate.net)
Enzyme activity3
  • Works through allosteric regulation of enzyme activity. (fortlewis.edu)
  • Regulation of enzyme activity is vital for living organisms. (researchgate.net)
  • A classical model for allosteric regulation of enzyme activity posits an equilibrium between inactive and active conformations. (researcher-app.com)
Proteins3
  • Despite being clear mechanically, the two models do not capture all cases of allosteric effects, where certain proteins cannot be classified as having either hinge or shear architectures. (news-medical.net)
  • The list of proteins under allosteric regulation includes AGC protein kinases. (pasteur.fr)
  • Our work outlines a strategy for developing bidirectional small-molecule allosteric modulators of protein kinases and other signaling proteins. (pasteur.fr)
Inhibitors that bind1
  • The search for therapeutics has yielded many small molecule inhibitors of the polymerase, including allosteric inhibitors that bind distal to the active site. (biophysics.org)
Modulation3
  • Here, we provide a focused minireview of recent progress in allosteric modulation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent kinases, including protein kinases A and G. We show how apparently diverse emerging concepts, such as allosteric pluripotency, allosteric nonadditive binding, and uncompetitive allosteric inhibition, are all manifestations of complex conformational ensembles. (cdnsciencepub.com)
  • Dans le présent article, nous proposons une minisynthèse ciblée des récentes avancées en modulation allostérique des kinases dépendantes de nucléotides cycliques, notamment les protéines kinases A et G. Nous montrons comment des concepts émergents en apparence divers, tels que la pluripotence allostérique, la liaison allostérique non additive et l'inhibition allostérique non compétitive, sont tous en réalité des manifestations d'ensembles conformationnels complexes. (cdnsciencepub.com)
  • Allosteric modulation of sigma receptors by BH3 mimetics ABT-737, ABT-263 (Navitoclax) and ABT-199 (Venetoclax). (shengsci.com)
Conformational3
  • In this review, conformational mobility as the common route between allosteric regulation and catalysis is discussed. (montclair.edu)
  • We present data which supports that the allosteric regulation of SLO by OS does not induce oligomerization or large-scale conformational changes and that the allostery is dynamically driven. (ecu.edu)
  • An alternative view is that allosteric activation is achieved by increasing the potential for conformational changes that are essential for catalysis. (researcher-app.com)
Binds1
  • When an allosteric modulator molecule -- whether natural or synthetic -- binds such a site, it changes the 3D structure of the protein, thereby affecting its function. (news-medical.net)
Effector2
  • Thus, we demonstrate the use of an externally-bound multivalent effector for allosteric control over internal guest binding in a molecular cage. (sfb765.de)
  • Previously, the allosteric regulation of a model plant 15-LOX, soybean lipoxygenase-1 (SLO), has been characterized using hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS), revealing that the addition of the allosteric effector, oleyl sulfate (OS), alters a specific region of the enzyme. (ecu.edu)
Catalysis2
  • Goodey, NM & Benkovic, SJ 2008, ' Allosteric regulation and catalysis emerge via a common route ', Nature Chemical Biology , vol. 4, no. 8, pp. 474-482. (montclair.edu)
  • New insights into catalysis and regulation of the allosteric enzyme aspartate transcarbamoylase. (academictree.org)
Regulator1
  • Seminal work on the discovery of c-di-GMP as an allosteric regulator of bacterial cellulose synthesis that laid the foundation of CDN signaling research. (nature.com)
Molecular2
  • Our research is aimed at identifying and characterising molecular mechanisms of allosteric regulation in PLPs and is based on a combination of experimental and computational methods. (novinecgroup.org)
  • We employ molecular modeling and simulation to understand the physical processes that underlie this allosteric regulation. (biophysics.org)
Processes3
  • We also discuss how allosteric responses are amplified by aggregation processes, thus establishing a novel interface between the signaling and amyloid fields. (cdnsciencepub.com)
  • Despite the importance of allosteric processes, we still do not fully understand how a molecule binding on a distant and seemingly unimportant part of a large protein can change its function so dramatically. (news-medical.net)
  • Functional states of the sodium channel (closed, open, and inactivated) and their structure help to understand the cardiac regulation processes. (bvsalud.org)
Escherichia2
  • 2013 ) New paradigm for allosteric regulation of Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase. (academictree.org)
  • 2012 ) A second allosteric site in Escherichia coli aspartate transcarbamoylase. (academictree.org)
Ligand1
  • For example, ligand binding or an amino acid mutation at an allosteric site can alter enzymatic activity or binding affinity in a distal region such as the active site or a second binding site. (montclair.edu)
Cyclic1
  • Regulation of cellulose synthesis in Acetobacter xylinum by cyclic diguanylic acid. (nature.com)
Membrane1
  • There is evidence that lipids can be allosteric regulators of membrane protein structure and activation. (helsinki.fi)
Receptors1
  • Allosteric binding sites, elsewhere on the receptors, are less well-defined, and so less exploited clinically. (harvard.edu)
Biosynthesis2
  • Results showed that Pi limitation facilitates up-regulation of Pi-associated metabolism, RNA degradation, and triacylglycerol biosynthesis while down-regulation of ribosome biosynthesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Pi limitation leads to dephosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate and the allosteric activator of isocitrate dehydrogenase key to lipid biosynthesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Conformation1
  • Allosteric inhibitors stabilize a narrow conformation of the S1-S2 cleft (T state), whereas allosteric activators stabilize a wide conformation of the cleft (R state). (novinecgroup.org)
Site8
  • However, allosteric regulation has emerged in recent years as an important mode of regulation in vivo and targeting sites outside of the active site is a promising strategy in drug development. (novinecgroup.org)
  • 2009. 138(4):774-86), is a network of residues that transmits allosteric communication between the active site and distant regulatory (allosteric) sites. (novinecgroup.org)
  • We characterized a prototype allosteric binding site for small molecule effectors on cathepsin K that is located on the bottom-right side of the molecule. (novinecgroup.org)
  • The allosteric effect of GlcNAc-6-p and UDP-GlcNAc was confirmed since specific disruption of the inhibitor-binding site(s) is possible without much loss of the catalytic activity of the enzyme. (ias.ac.in)
  • Between two loops on this allosteric site is a disulfide bond. (mst.edu)
  • Generally speaking, an allosteric drug would also be used at a comparatively lower dose than a drug acting directly on the protein's active site, thus providing more effective treatments with fewer side effects. (news-medical.net)
  • AGC kinases have a conserved allosteric site, the phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1)-interacting fragment (PIF) pocket, which regulates protein ATP-binding, activity, and interaction with substrates. (pasteur.fr)
  • Based on the many conformations observed for the chains in the isolated catalytic trimer to date, we propose that allosteric activation of the holoenzyme occurs by release of quaternary constraint into an ensemble of active-site conformations. (researcher-app.com)
Metabolism1
GPCRs1
  • The research reported this week in Nature Communications describes the regulation of GPCRs by physiological ions such as sodium, calcium, and magnesium. (labmanager.com)
Behavior1
  • Enzyme regulation: from allosteric sites to intracellular behavior, A. Sols, C. Cancedo and J.J. Aragon. (elsevier.com)
Equilibrium1
  • Allosteric inhibitors shift the equilibrium towards the T state and activators shift it towards the R state. (novinecgroup.org)
Investigate2
  • Herein, we used a combination of thermodynamic and biophysical techniques such as isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry to investigate the allosteric regulation of SLO by OS. (ecu.edu)
  • The objective of the study was to investigate cartonectin levels and regulation in sera and adipose tissue (AT) as well as the effects of metformin of women with PCOS and control subjects. (webpediatrica.com)
Generally1
  • In metalloenzymes, far-reaching rearrangements of the protein scaffold are generally required to tune the metal cofactor's properties by allosteric regulation. (researchgate.net)
Function1
  • Understanding how allosteric inhibitors modulate the function of the HCV polymerase provides insight into what intrinsic properties of the enzyme allow it to effectively replicate viral RNA. (biophysics.org)
Model5
  • By our current interpretation, allosteric regulation in PLPs can be described by a simple two-state model . (novinecgroup.org)
  • Allosteric two-state model. (novinecgroup.org)
  • We proposed this model initially for cathepsin K, where multiple allosteric sites are known. (novinecgroup.org)
  • The model proposes a new hypothesis for allosteric architectures, introducing the concept that certain regions in the protein can act as levers. (news-medical.net)
  • Model for the allosteric regulation of the Na+/Ca 2+ exchanger NCX. (sdbonline.org)
Activity2
  • The main reason allosteric sites are of such interest to drug design is that they can be used to inhibit or improve the activity of a protein, eg. (news-medical.net)
  • The effects of NCX2 and NCX3 deficiencies on the regulation of mouse behavioral rhythms (Fig. 7, A to C) suggest involvement of Na+/Ca 2+ exchanging activity in the Ca 2+ dynamics of the SCN. (sdbonline.org)
Effects1
  • Which types of 3D "architecture" are susceptible to allosteric effects? (news-medical.net)
Clinical1
  • Finally, we critically evaluate the challenges and opportunities for clinical translation opened by these emerging allosteric concepts. (cdnsciencepub.com)
Alternative1
  • The researchers explored alternative allosteric architectures. (news-medical.net)
Present1
  • Multiple allosteric sites are present on the surface of PLPs. (novinecgroup.org)
Current1
  • The lab of Matthieu Wyart at EPFL sought to address several questions regarding our current understanding of allosteric architectures. (news-medical.net)
Structure, mechanism and catalytic duality of thiamine-dependent enzymes | Semantic Scholar
Structure, mechanism and catalytic duality of thiamine-dependent enzymes | Semantic Scholar (semanticscholar.org)
60. [Glutamine & Alanine: The Urea Cycle II] | Biochemistry | Educator.com
60. [Glutamine & Alanine: The Urea Cycle II] | Biochemistry | Educator.com (educator.com)
Glycogen storage disease type VII: MedlinePlus Genetics
Glycogen storage disease type VII: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
Onur Dagliyan, Ph.D. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst
Onur Dagliyan, Ph.D. | Harvard Catalyst Profiles | Harvard Catalyst (connects.catalyst.harvard.edu)
PFKM gene: MedlinePlus Genetics
PFKM gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
FLC Search | Directories | Fort Lewis College | Durango CO
FLC Search | Directories | Fort Lewis College | Durango CO (fortlewis.edu)
Publications | Crick
Publications | Crick (crick.ac.uk)
Structure and dynamics of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor | Nature
Structure and dynamics of the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor | Nature (nature.com)
Disentangling the sites of non-photochemical quenching in vascular plants | Nature Plants
Disentangling the sites of non-photochemical quenching in vascular plants | Nature Plants (nature.com)
EPFL scientists develop new computer model for better design of allosteric drugs
EPFL scientists develop new computer model for better design of allosteric drugs (news-medical.net)
Frontiers | Targeting Nucleotide Biosynthesis: A Strategy for Improving the Oncolytic Potential of DNA Viruses
Frontiers | Targeting Nucleotide Biosynthesis: A Strategy for Improving the Oncolytic Potential of DNA Viruses (frontiersin.org)
1uxt.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library
1uxt.1 | SWISS-MODEL Template Library (swissmodel.expasy.org)
02133384 | Yearbooks 2016 | University of Pretoria
02133384 | Yearbooks 2016 | University of Pretoria (up.ac.za)
Type: Theses / Language: English / Date Published: 2018 / Subject: Biology and Biochemistry | Search Results | Academic Commons
Type: Theses / Language: English / Date Published: 2018 / Subject: Biology and Biochemistry | Search Results | Academic Commons (academiccommons.columbia.edu)
Vicky Shingler
Vicky Shingler (umu.se)
The dynamic conformational landscape of the protein methyltransferase SETD8 | eLife
The dynamic conformational landscape of the protein methyltransferase SETD8 | eLife (elifesciences.org)
EU:s ramprogram inklusive ERC - Stockholms universitet
EU:s ramprogram inklusive ERC - Stockholms universitet (su.se)
Frontiers | Dendritic Actin Cytoskeleton: Structure, Functions, and Regulations
Frontiers | Dendritic Actin Cytoskeleton: Structure, Functions, and Regulations (frontiersin.org)
RegulonDB
RegulonDB (regulondb.ccg.unam.mx)
GPCRs: Lipid-Dependent Membrane Receptors That Act as Drug Targets
GPCRs: Lipid-Dependent Membrane Receptors That Act as Drug Targets (hindawi.com)
Enzymes and its regulation mechanism
Enzymes and its regulation mechanism (alliedacademies.org)
Machine Learning for Many-Particle Systems (Schedule) - IPAM
Machine Learning for Many-Particle Systems (Schedule) - IPAM (ipam.ucla.edu)
Vascular endothelial ERp72 is involved in the inflammatory response in a rat model of skeletal muscle injury
Vascular endothelial ERp72 is involved in the inflammatory response in a rat model of skeletal muscle injury (spandidos-publications.com)
William Weis' Profile | Stanford Profiles
William Weis' Profile | Stanford Profiles (profiles.stanford.edu)
Publications | Arthur Sherman, Ph.D. | NIDDK
Publications | Arthur Sherman, Ph.D. | NIDDK (niddk.nih.gov)
Publications | Endocrine & Neural Dynamics Section | NIDDK
Publications | Endocrine & Neural Dynamics Section | NIDDK (niddk.nih.gov)
Publications - Stanko Stojilkovic Lab | NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Publications - Stanko Stojilkovic Lab | NICHD - Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (nichd.nih.gov)
Divergent kinase WNG1 is regulated by phosphorylation of an atypical activation sub-domain | Biochemical Journal | Portland...
Divergent kinase WNG1 is regulated by phosphorylation of an atypical activation sub-domain | Biochemical Journal | Portland... (portlandpress.com)