Allostasis
Allostatic load in women with and without PTSD symptoms. (1/93)
Allostatic load (AL) is the term used to describe cumulative physiological wear and tear that results from repeated efforts to adapt to stressors over time. Operationalized as a composite index of biological risk factors (e.g., blood pressure, cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin, and cortisol, norepinephrine, and epinephrine), AL has been shown to increase with age, predict long-term morbidity and mortality among the elderly, and be associated with low parent education in a large adolescent sample. However, AL has not yet been studied in samples with putative "high stress" or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Accordingly, AL was measured in women with high acute and chronic stress: mothers of pediatric cancer survivors with and without PTSD and control mothers of healthy children. AL emerged in a "dose-dependent" ranking from high to low: cancer mothers meeting all criteria for PTSD, cancer mothers with no or low symptoms, and control mothers, respectively (p < .001). Effects were not altered by self-reported sleep quality or substance use (tobacco, caffeine, alcohol, or drugs) and remained significant when analyzing AL without cortisol or catecholamines. Results indicate elevated AL can be detected in relatively young women with high stress histories and particularly those with PTSD. Future prospective studies must evaluate whether this pattern represents an accelerated aging process and increased risk of disease. (+info)Repeated sleep restriction in rats leads to homeostatic and allostatic responses during recovery sleep. (2/93)
Recent studies indicate that chronic sleep restriction can have negative consequences for brain function and peripheral physiology and can contribute to the allostatic load throughout the body. Interestingly, few studies have examined how the sleep-wake system itself responds to repeated sleep restriction. In this study, rats were subjected to a sleep-restriction protocol consisting of 20 h of sleep deprivation (SD) followed by a 4-h sleep opportunity each day for 5 consecutive days. In response to the first 20-h SD block on day 1, animals responded during the 4-h sleep opportunity with enhanced sleep intensity [i.e., nonrapid eye movement (NREM) delta power] and increased rapid eye movement sleep time compared with baseline. This sleep pattern is indicative of a homeostatic response to acute sleep loss. Remarkably, after the 20-h SD blocks on days 2-5, animals failed to exhibit a compensatory NREM delta power response during the 4-h sleep opportunities and failed to increase NREM and rapid eye movement sleep times, despite accumulating a sleep debt each consecutive day. After losing approximately 35 h of sleep over 5 days of sleep restriction, animals regained virtually none of their lost sleep, even during a full 3-day recovery period. These data demonstrate that the compensatory/homeostatic sleep response to acute SD does not generalize to conditions of chronic partial sleep loss. We propose that the change in sleep-wake regulation in the context of repeated sleep restriction reflects an allostatic process, and that the allostatic load produced by SD has direct effects on the sleep-wake regulatory system. (+info)The role of stress proteins in the study of allostatic overload in birds: use and applicability to current studies in avian ecology. (3/93)
Stress proteins offer a measure of stress in birds at the cellular level that are an alternative to the glucocorticoids. Stress proteins are not biased by handling stress, the increase in stress proteins lasts longer than with other measures (e.g., corticosterone), and, therefore, they may be a more appropriate measure of long-term or chronic stress. However, caution should be practiced when using stress proteins because the level of stress needed to elicit a response may be higher than with corticosterone. Stress proteins have only recently been used to measure the response to competition, food limitation, growth, and parasitism in birds. In other taxa, the stress proteins have been used to measure genetic stress, temperature, toxins, UV radiation, and physical activity. Stress proteins increase the options available to avian ecologists for understanding how avian species respond to changes in the environment. (+info)Neuroendocrine biomarkers, social relations, and the cumulative costs of stress in Taiwan. (4/93)
Allostatic load (AL) is thought to represent the physiological toll that builds up over the life course as a consequence of the body's response to stress. An important aim of this paper is to test this widely held-but little investigated-understanding of what AL represents. More specifically, using the Social Environment and Biomarkers of Aging Study (SEBAS), a nationally representative survey of Taiwan conducted in year 2000, this paper scrutinizes the connection between stressful life histories and neuroendocrine allostatic load (NAL). Stressful life histories are operationalized through the use of two sets of indicators: one set makes use of respondents' subjective interpretations of various life domains and the other makes use of non-subjective data about conditions that are expected to be stressful (e.g., widowhood, living alone, and low education). NAL is an index of four neuroendocrine biomarkers (cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), epinephrine, and norepinephrine) collected in blood and urine samples under resting, basal states. The major findings of this paper are twofold. First, there is little evidence to support the hypothesis that baseline levels of the neuroendocrine markers stem from stressful life histories. Second, report of current stress (among women only) is positively correlated with higher NAL levels. Taken together, these findings question whether the neuroendocrine markers of the AL construct reflect long-term processes over the life course. Indeed, evidence here suggests that the neuroendocrine markers may reflect the exact opposite-a transient state at the time of the study. (+info)Not Geropharmacotherapy 101. (5/93)
Critical to survival is the geriatric concept, allostasis, defined as the ability to achieve stability through change. It is appropriate that allostasis is an introduction to this commentary, which may partially apply to the medical and pharmacy profession as currently constituted. (+info)Central effects of stress hormones in health and disease: Understanding the protective and damaging effects of stress and stress mediators. (6/93)
(+info)Relationships between self-rating of recovery from work and morning salivary cortisol. (7/93)
To date, the understanding of how recovery from work relates to cortisol output is poor. Considering this, the present study set out to investigate the associations between self-ratings of 15 items of rest and recovery and salivary cortisol sampled every second hour across two working days. Data came from 12 female and 13 male white-collar workers and were analyzed by linear regression analyses and repeated measures ANOVA. Poor rest and recovery was associated with high levels of morning cortisol, with the strongest relationships emerging for "rested in the morning", "rested after a weekend", "feel energetic during the working day", "tired during the working day", "sufficient sleep" and "worry about something". Moreover, significant interaction effects emerged between sex and "rested after a weekend" and "worry about something". To conclude, the findings show that self-ratings of rest and recovery are related to cortisol, particularly to morning cortisol, and that self-ratings provide important information on physiological recovery in terms of cortisol output. (+info)Psychobiology of childhood maltreatment: effects of allostatic load? (8/93)
OBJECTIVE: Facing an adverse physical or psychosocial situation, an individual is forced to adapt in order to survive. Allostasis is the term used to refer to adapting processes used to maintain the stability of an organism through active processes. When allostatic response is excessive or inefficient, the organism develops an allostatic load. The cascade of molecular and neurobiological effects associated with childhood abuse and neglect could be an example of allostatic response that could precipitate allostatic load in organism still vulnerable during its development. This article reviews the psychobiological consequences related to childhood abuse and neglect. METHOD: A selective review with a systematic procedure was performed to investigate studies showing explicit association between childhood maltreatment and psychobiological/neurobiological consequences. We searched electronic database MedLine-PubMed to identify English-language articles from 1990 to 2007. RESULTS: From 115 articles we selected 55 studies from MedLine and 30 from their reference lists, in a total of 85 articles (JCR IF range: 1-31.4; median: 5.88). Only 29 studies showed direct and explicit association between them. CONCLUSION: Structural consequences of childhood maltreatment include disruptive development of corpus callosum, left neocortex, hippocampus, and amygdale; functional consequences include increased electrical irritability in limbic areas, frontal lobe dysfunctions and reduced functional activity of the cerebellar vermis; and neurohumoral consequences include the reprogramming activity of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and subsequently the stress response. (+info)Allostasis is a term used in physiology and medicine to describe the process by which an organism adapts to environmental challenges, such as stressors, in order to maintain stability and homeostasis. It refers to the ability of the body to achieve stability through change, rather than through a rigid maintenance of a fixed setpoint.
The concept of allostasis was developed to expand upon the traditional concept of homeostasis, which emphasizes the maintenance of a stable internal environment despite external changes. Allostasis recognizes that the body must actively respond and adapt to changing environmental demands in order to maintain stability and function effectively.
Allostatic load refers to the cumulative wear and tear on the body's systems as a result of repeated or chronic activation of allostatic responses. Over time, this can lead to dysregulation of physiological processes and increased risk for disease.
Psychological stress is the response of an individual's mind and body to challenging or demanding situations. It can be defined as a state of emotional and physical tension resulting from adversity, demand, or change. This response can involve a variety of symptoms, including emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physiological components.
Emotional responses may include feelings of anxiety, fear, anger, sadness, or frustration. Cognitive responses might involve difficulty concentrating, racing thoughts, or negative thinking patterns. Behaviorally, psychological stress can lead to changes in appetite, sleep patterns, social interactions, and substance use. Physiologically, the body's "fight-or-flight" response is activated, leading to increased heart rate, blood pressure, muscle tension, and other symptoms.
Psychological stress can be caused by a wide range of factors, including work or school demands, financial problems, relationship issues, traumatic events, chronic illness, and major life changes. It's important to note that what causes stress in one person may not cause stress in another, as individual perceptions and coping mechanisms play a significant role.
Chronic psychological stress can have negative effects on both mental and physical health, increasing the risk of conditions such as anxiety disorders, depression, heart disease, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases. Therefore, it's essential to identify sources of stress and develop effective coping strategies to manage and reduce its impact.
Allostasis
Religious trauma syndrome
Allostatic load
Chronic stress
Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of alcoholism
Addiction vulnerability
Biological inequity
Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis
SimThyr
Interoception
Addiction psychology
Personality theories of addiction
Puritanical bias
Subjective response to alcohol
Attachment and health
Stress in early childhood
Carl Schreck
Peter Sterling (neuroscientist)
Case Western Reserve University
Effects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performance
Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome
Co-regulation
Wake therapy
Giulio Maria Pasinetti
Glossary of systems theory
Dorothy Sterling
Pulsatile secretion
Reverse triiodothyronine
Myxedema coma
3,5-Diiodothyronine
Allostasis - Wikipedia
Biocultural Intersections: Stressors, Adaptability, Allostasis, Frailty & Aging
Talk:Allostasis and allostatic load - Citizendium
Modeling Affect-Based Relationships and Social Allostasis as Mechanisms for Adaptation in Social Groups
allostasis
Allostasis - wikidoc
Allostasis & Homeostasis Archives - NATURA EDU
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Allostatic6
- Sung Lee (2019) introduced the paradigm of allostatic orchestration (PAO), extending the principle of allostasis (as originally put forth by Peter Sterling) stating, "The PAO originates from an evolutionary perspective and recognizes that biological set points change in anticipation of changing environments. (wikipedia.org)
- Therefore, stress is better understood when it's explained under the concepts of allostasis and allostatic load. (chmpsy.com)
- Now that you're aware of the meaning of allostasis and allostatic load, you need to figure out how you can more successfully adapt. (chmpsy.com)
- Mechanical allostasis was observed to be compromised in VSMCs from patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which could potentiate an allostatic maladaptation. (bvsalud.org)
- Then came the concept still utilised today as Allostasis and Allostatic load. (fascialrelease.com)
- However, a more modern (1990) concept of stress response is based on the concept of allostasis and allostatic load (Sterling and Eyer 1988, McEwen and Stellar 1993). (fascialrelease.com)
McEwen1
- Allostasis (McEwen, Sterling) is the process by which an organism tries to predict challenges and mobilize and allocate the internal resources required to deal with them. (blogspot.com)
Physiological3
- Allostasis, stability through variation, was proposed by Peter Sterling and Joseph Eyer in 1988 as a new model of physiological regulation. (wikipedia.org)
- Specifically, the term „allostasis" (from Greek word „allo" - unstable, mutable) represents the ability to achieve stability through a change of physiological functions arising from activities of the autonomic nervous system, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, endocrine, cardiovascular, immune, and metabolic processes. (fascialrelease.com)
- Thus, stress researchers have coined a newer term, allostasis , which more accurately describes the ongoing micro and macro (physiological and behavioral) processes that the body undergoes in order to restore stability, or dynamic equilibrium. (paleoplan.com)
Interoception3
- Specifically, viewing interoception as the inversion of a generative model of viscerosensory inputs allows for a formal definition of dyshomeostasis (as chronically enhanced surprise about bodily signals, or, equivalently, low evidence for the brain's model of bodily states) and allostasis (as a change in prior beliefs or predictions which define setpoints for homeostatic reflex arcs). (frontiersin.org)
- This perspective implies alternative pathophysiological mechanisms that are reflected by differential abnormalities in the effective connectivity of circuits for interoception and allostasis. (frontiersin.org)
- In this perspective article, we first outline a set of relevant working principles of the brain (e.g., allostasis, predictive processing, interoception, and affect), followed by a focused review of the theory of constructed emotion to introduce a new understanding of what emotions are. (qigonginstitute.org)
Predictive1
- Rather than simply responding to the environment, allostasis utilizes predictive regulation, which has a more complex goal in evolution of adaptation by changing based on what it anticipates, rather than by staying the same or "in balance" in response to environmental changes, as homeostasis suggests. (wikipedia.org)
Adaptation1
- it facilitates adaptation and protection in a process known as allostasis . (huduser.gov)
Descriptor1
- Allostasis" is a descriptor in the National Library of Medicine's controlled vocabulary thesaurus, MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) . (ouhsc.edu)
Cellular6
- To explore mechanotransduction in cellular allostasis , we applied an integrated micromechanical system that combines an 'ultrasound tweezers'-based mechanical stressor and a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based molecular force biosensor , termed " actinin -sstFRET," to monitor in situ single- cell allostasis in response to transient stimulation in real time . (bvsalud.org)
- The cellular machinery that underscores the vital role of CSK equilibrium in cellular mechanical allostasis , includes Ca2+ influx, remodeling of actomyosin CSK and contraction, and GTPase RhoA signaling. (bvsalud.org)
- By integrating tools that simultaneously permit localized mechanical perturbation and map actomyosin forces, we revealed distinct cellular mechanical allostasis profiles in our micromechanical system. (bvsalud.org)
- The scholarship could lead to new methods of examining how stressors such as injury and chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension drive cellular allostasis, a biological process of arriving at a new level of equilibrium. (nyu.edu)
- The study, "Probing Single-Cell Mechanical Allostasis Using Ultrasound Tweezers," is featured in the current issue of the Society's journal, Cellular and Molecular Engineering. (nyu.edu)
- His novel approach to measuring cellular allostasis is also a testament to the virtues of open, multidisciplinary scholarship, which we encourage, particularly at the nexus of such vital areas of research as chemical engineering, health, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, data science, and sustainability. (nyu.edu)
Term1
- The term allostasis is used more frequently now since it is more inclusive of the idea that not everything in the body is in a single steady state meaning that there are varying levels of energy. (wikipedia.org)
Organism1
- Both homeostasis and allostasis are endogenous systems responsible for maintaining the internal stability of an organism. (wikipedia.org)
Processes1
- Allostasis refers to the ability to adapt to constantly changing environments and challenges in regulatory processes. (chmpsy.com)
Addiction2
- This paper reviews recent developments in the neurocircuitry and neurobiology of addiction from a perspective of allostasis. (nih.gov)
- Allostasis from the addiction perspective is defined as the process of maintaining apparent reward function stability by changes in brain reward mechanisms. (nih.gov)
Describes1
- The PAO describes differences between homeostasis and allostasis paradigms and conciliation of the paradigms illustrated with alternative views of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). (wikipedia.org)
Concept1
- The concept of allostasis and biomedicine. (bvsalud.org)
Evidence1
- Evidence for allostasis: how decreased platelet sensitivity predicts increased stroke risk. (cdc.gov)
Adapt1
- In response to external stress, cells alter their morphology, metabolic activity, and functions to mechanically adapt to the dynamic, local environment through cell allostasis . (bvsalud.org)
Brain3
- A second perspective on allostasis is that it is included in the story of how the brain was created. (wikipedia.org)
- Stress- and allostasis-induced brain plasticity. (nih.gov)
- Learned about allostasis and how the body's stress can permanently change our brain. (hol.edu)
Level1
- Allostasis encourages increased attention to new solutions at the level of society, as well as the individual and immediate community. (wikipedia.org)