Alkanesulfonates: Organic esters or salts of sulfonic acid derivatives containing an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical.Charcoal: An amorphous form of carbon prepared from the incomplete combustion of animal or vegetable matter, e.g., wood. The activated form of charcoal is used in the treatment of poisoning. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Patents as Topic: Exclusive legal rights or privileges applied to inventions, plants, etc.Cytoplasmic Granules: Condensed areas of cellular material that may be bounded by a membrane.Pulmonary Surfactants: Substances and drugs that lower the SURFACE TENSION of the mucoid layer lining the PULMONARY ALVEOLI.Water: A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)Particle Size: Relating to the size of solids.Fluorenes: A family of diphenylenemethane derivatives.Betaine: A naturally occurring compound that has been of interest for its role in osmoregulation. As a drug, betaine hydrochloride has been used as a source of hydrochloric acid in the treatment of hypochlorhydria. Betaine has also been used in the treatment of liver disorders, for hyperkalemia, for homocystinuria, and for gastrointestinal disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1341)Surface-Active Agents: Agents that modify interfacial tension of water; usually substances that have one lipophilic and one hydrophilic group in the molecule; includes soaps, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing and wetting agents, and several groups of antiseptics.Metals, Alkali: Metals that constitute group 1(formerly group Ia) of the periodic table. They are the most strongly electropositive of the metals. Note that HYDROGEN is not considered an alkali metal even though it falls under the group 1 heading in the periodic table.Salts: Substances produced from the reaction between acids and bases; compounds consisting of a metal (positive) and nonmetal (negative) radical. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Viscosity: The resistance that a gaseous or liquid system offers to flow when it is subjected to shear stress. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)TartratesMicelles: Particles consisting of aggregates of molecules held loosely together by secondary bonds. The surface of micelles are usually comprised of amphiphatic compounds that are oriented in a way that minimizes the energy of interaction between the micelle and its environment. Liquids that contain large numbers of suspended micelles are referred to as EMULSIONS.Oligonucleotides: Polymers made up of a few (2-20) nucleotides. In molecular genetics, they refer to a short sequence synthesized to match a region where a mutation is known to occur, and then used as a probe (OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES). (Dorland, 28th ed)Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Nucleotides: The monomeric units from which DNA or RNA polymers are constructed. They consist of a purine or pyrimidine base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Oligonucleotides, Antisense: Short fragments of DNA or RNA that are used to alter the function of target RNAs or DNAs to which they hybridize.Polymorphism, Genetic: The regular and simultaneous occurrence in a single interbreeding population of two or more discontinuous genotypes. The concept includes differences in genotypes ranging in size from a single nucleotide site (POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE) to large nucleotide sequences visible at a chromosomal level.Cladocera: A suborder of CRUSTACEA, order Diplostraca, comprising the water fleas. They are benthic filter feeders that consume PHYTOPLANKTON. The body is laterally compressed and enclosed in a bivalved carapace, from which the head extends.Waste Disposal, Fluid: The discarding or destroying of liquid waste products or their transformation into something useful or innocuous.Encyclopedias as Topic: Works containing information articles on subjects in every field of knowledge, usually arranged in alphabetical order, or a similar work limited to a special field or subject. (From The ALA Glossary of Library and Information Science, 1983)Vapor Pressure: The contribution to barometric PRESSURE of gaseous substance in equilibrium with its solid or liquid phase.Transition Temperature: The temperature at which a substance changes from one state or conformation of matter to another.Waste Water: Contaminated water generated as a waste product of human activity.Water Purification: Any of several processes in which undesirable impurities in water are removed or neutralized; for example, chlorination, filtration, primary treatment, ion exchange, and distillation. It includes treatment of WASTE WATER to provide potable and hygienic water in a controlled or closed environment as well as provision of public drinking water supplies.Hair: A filament-like structure consisting of a shaft which projects to the surface of the SKIN from a root which is softer than the shaft and lodges in the cavity of a HAIR FOLLICLE. It is found on most surfaces of the body.Countercurrent Distribution: A method of separation of two or more substances by repeated distribution between two immiscible liquid phases that move past each other in opposite directions. It is a form of liquid-liquid chromatography. (Stedman, 25th ed)Emulsions: Colloids formed by the combination of two immiscible liquids such as oil and water. Lipid-in-water emulsions are usually liquid, like milk or lotion. Water-in-lipid emulsions tend to be creams. The formation of emulsions may be aided by amphiphatic molecules that surround one component of the system to form MICELLES.Silicones: A broad family of synthetic organosiloxane polymers containing a repeating silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached via carbon-silicon bonds. Depending on their structure, they are classified as liquids, gels, and elastomers. (From Merck Index, 12th ed)Silicone Oils: Organic siloxanes which are polymerized to the oily stage. The oils have low surface tension and density less than 1. They are used in industrial applications and in the treatment of retinal detachment, complicated by proliferative vitreoretinopathy.Hair Follicle: A tube-like invagination of the EPIDERMIS from which the hair shaft develops and into which SEBACEOUS GLANDS open. The hair follicle is lined by a cellular inner and outer root sheath of epidermal origin and is invested with a fibrous sheath derived from the dermis. (Stedman, 26th ed) Follicles of very long hairs extend into the subcutaneous layer of tissue under the SKIN.Conditioning, Classical: Learning that takes place when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus.Capsules: Hard or soft soluble containers used for the oral administration of medicine.EstersPhosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid.Thiamine Monophosphate: Thiamine dihydrogen phosphate ester. The monophosphate ester of thiamine. Synonyms: monophosphothiamine; vitamin B1 monophosphate.Sulfonium Compounds: Sulfur compounds in which the sulfur atom is attached to three organic radicals and an electronegative element or radical.Organophosphates: Carbon-containing phosphoric acid derivatives. Included under this heading are compounds that have CARBON atoms bound to one or more OXYGEN atoms of the P(=O)(O)3 structure. Note that several specific classes of endogenous phosphorus-containing compounds such as NUCLEOTIDES; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; and PHOSPHOPROTEINS are listed elsewhere.Sodium Hydroxide: A highly caustic substance that is used to neutralize acids and make sodium salts. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)Detergents: Purifying or cleansing agents, usually salts of long-chain aliphatic bases or acids, that exert cleansing (oil-dissolving) and antimicrobial effects through a surface action that depends on possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties.Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane: A group of methane-based halogenated hydrocarbons containing one or more fluorine and chlorine atoms.Hydrotherapy: External application of water for therapeutic purposes.Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.Food Coloring Agents: Natural or synthetic dyes used as coloring agents in processed foods.Solvents: Liquids that dissolve other substances (solutes), generally solids, without any change in chemical composition, as, water containing sugar. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Inventions: A novel composition, device, or process, independently conceived de novo or derived from a pre-existing model.Carmine: Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker.Intellectual Property: Property, such as patents, trademarks, and copyright, that results from creative effort. The Patent and Copyright Clause (Art. 1, Sec. 8, cl. 8) of the United States Constitution provides for promoting the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries. (From Black's Law Dictionary, 5th ed, p1014)Ethers
Characterization of a two-component alkanesulfonate monooxygenase from Escherichia coli. (1/165)
The Escherichia coli ssuEADCB gene cluster is required for the utilization of alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources, and is expressed under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation. The SsuD and SsuE proteins were overexpressed and characterized. SsuE was purified to homogeneity as an N-terminal histidine-tagged fusion protein. Native SsuE was a homodimeric enzyme of M(r) 58,400, which catalyzed an NAD(P)H-dependent reduction of FMN, but it was also able to reduce FAD or riboflavin. The SsuD protein was purified to >98% purity using cation exchange, anion exchange, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The pure enzyme catalyzed the conversion of pentanesulfonic acid to sulfite and pentaldehyde and was able to desulfonate a wide range of sulfonated substrates including C-2 to C-10 unsubstituted linear alkanesulfonates, substituted ethanesulfonic acids and sulfonated buffers. SsuD catalysis was absolutely dependent on FMNH(2) and oxygen, and was maximal for SsuE/SsuD molar ratios of 2.1 to 4.2 in 10 mM Tris-HCl, pH 9.1. Native SsuD was a homotetrameric enzyme of M(r) 181,000. These results demonstrate that SsuD is a broad range FMNH(2)-dependent monooxygenase catalyzing the oxygenolytic conversion of alkanesulfonates to sulfite and the corresponding aldehydes. SsuE is the FMN reducing enzyme providing SsuD with FMNH(2). (+info)The Escherichia coli ssuEADCB gene cluster is required for the utilization of sulfur from aliphatic sulfonates and is regulated by the transcriptional activator Cbl. (2/165)
The growth properties of an Escherichia coli strain carrying a chromosomal deletion of the ssuEADCB genes (formerly designated ycbPONME) indicated that the products of this gene cluster are required for the utilization of sulfur from aliphatic sulfonates. Sequence similarity searches indicated that the proteins encoded by ssuA, ssuB, and ssuC are likely to constitute an ABC type transport system, whereas ssuD and ssuE encode an FMNH(2)-dependent monooxygenase and an NAD(P)H-dependent FMN reductase, respectively (Eichhorn, E., van der Ploeg, J. R., and Leisinger, T. (1999) J. Biol. Chem. 274, 26639-26646). Synthesis of beta-galactosidase from a transcriptional chromosomal ssuE'-lacZ fusion was repressed by sulfate or cystine and depended on the presence of a functional cbl gene, which encodes a LysR-type transcriptional regulator. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays with the ssu promoter region and measurements of beta-galactosidase from plasmid-encoded ssuE'-'lacZ fusions showed that full expression of the ssu operon required the presence of a Cbl-binding site upstream of the -35 region. CysB, the LysR transcriptional regulator for the cys genes, was not required for expression of a chromosomal ssuE'-lacZ fusion although the ssu promoter region contained three CysB-binding sites. Integration host factor could also occupy three binding sites in the ssu promoter region but had no influence on expression of a chromosomal ssuE'-lacZ fusion. (+info)Deletion analysis of the Escherichia coli taurine and alkanesulfonate transport systems. (3/165)
The Escherichia coli tauABCD and ssuEADCB gene clusters are required for the utilization of taurine and alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources and are expressed only under conditions of sulfate or cysteine starvation. tauD and ssuD encode an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent taurine dioxygenase and a reduced flavin mononucleotide-dependent alkanesulfonate monooxygenase, respectively. These enzymes are responsible for the desulfonation of taurine and alkanesulfonates. The amino acid sequences of SsuABC and TauABC exhibit similarity to those of components of the ATP-binding cassette transporter superfamily, suggesting that two uptake systems for alkanesulfonates are present in E. coli. Chromosomally located in-frame deletions of the tauABC and ssuABC genes were constructed in E. coli strain EC1250, and the growth properties of the mutants were studied to investigate the requirement for the TauABC and SsuABC proteins for growth on alkanesulfonates as sulfur sources. Complementation analysis of in-frame deletion mutants confirmed that the growth phenotypes obtained were the result of the in-frame deletions constructed. The range of substrates transported by these two uptake systems was largely reflected in the substrate specificities of the TauD and SsuD desulfonation systems. However, certain known substrates of TauD were transported exclusively by the SsuABC system. Mutants in which only formation of hybrid transporters was possible were unable to grow with sulfonates, indicating that the individual components of the two transport systems were not functionally exchangeable. The TauABCD and SsuEADCB systems involved in alkanesulfonate uptake and desulfonation thus are complementary to each other at the levels of both transport and desulfonation. (+info)Ethane sulfonate metabolite of alachlor: assessment of oncogenic potential based on metabolic and mechanistic considerations. (4/165)
Chronic administration of alachlor has been shown to produce neoplastic responses in the nasal turbinate mucosa, glandular stomach mucosa, and thyroid follicular epithelium of rats. Subsequent studies have shown that specific metabolic activation of alachlor is required for nasal tumor formation, and that non-genotoxic, threshold-sensitive processes produce all three tumors. The herbicide alachlor is degraded in the soil by microbial action to the tertiary ethane sulfonate metabolite (ESA). The acute and subchronic toxicity of ESA is very low, and the metabolite did not produce developmental toxicity or genotoxicity. The studies described here were conducted to determine whether ESA shares a common mechanism of oncogenicity with alachlor in rats. Specifically, we studied ESA's pharmacokinetics and ability to produce changes that are causally associated with the oncogenicity of alachlor. These studies demonstrated that ESA was poorly absorbed and underwent minor metabolism, which contrasted with the significant absorption and substantial metabolism observed with alachlor. ESA was also excreted more quickly than alachlor and showed no evidence of accumulation in the nasal turbinates, a site of oncogenicity for alachlor in the rat. In addition, ESA did not elicit the characteristic preneoplastic changes observed in the development of alachlor-induced nasal, stomach, and thyroid tumors. The results of these studies support the conclusion that ESA does not share a common oncogenic mechanism with alachlor and would not be expected to produce the same oncogenic responses observed following chronic alachlor exposure in rats. (+info)Characterization of a sulfur-regulated oxygenative alkylsulfatase from Pseudomonas putida S-313. (5/165)
The atsK gene of Pseudomonas putida S-313 was required for growth with alkyl sulfate esters as sulfur source. The AtsK protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. Sequence analysis revealed that AtsK was closely related to E. coli taurine dioxygenase (38% amino acid identity). The AtsK protein catalyzed the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent cleavage of a range of alkyl sulfate esters, with chain lengths ranging from C(4) to C(12), required oxygen and Fe(2+) for activity and released succinate, sulfate, and the corresponding aldehyde as products. Enzyme activity was optimal at pH 7 and was strongly stimulated by ascorbate. Unlike most other characterized alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, AtsK accepted a range of alpha-keto acids as co-substrates, including alpha-ketoglutarate (K(m) 140 microm), alpha-ketoadipate, alpha-ketovalerate, and alpha-ketooctanoate. The measured K(m) values for hexyl sulfate and SDS were 40 and 34 microm, respectively. The apparent M(r) of the purified enzyme of 121,000 was consistent with a homotetrameric structure, which is unusual for this enzyme superfamily, members of which are usually monomeric or dimeric. The properties and amino acid sequence of the AtsK enzyme thus define it as an unusual oxygenolytic alkylsulfatase and a novel member of the alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family. (+info)In vitro activity of a novel antimycobacterial compound, N-octanesulfonylacetamide, and its effects on lipid and mycolic acid synthesis. (6/165)
beta-Sulfonyl carboxamides have been proposed to serve as transition-state analogues of the beta-ketoacyl synthase reaction involved in fatty acid elongation. We tested the efficacy of N-octanesulfonylacetamide (OSA) as an inhibitor of fatty acid and mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria. Using the BACTEC radiometric growth system, we observed that OSA inhibits the growth of several species of slow-growing mycobacteria, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv and clinical isolates), the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Mycobacterium kansasii, and others. Nearly all species and strains tested, including isoniazid and multidrug resistant isolates of M. tuberculosis, were susceptible to OSA, with MICs ranging from 6.25 to 12.5 microg/ml. Only three clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis (CSU93, OT2724, and 401296), MAC, and Mycobacterium paratuberculosis required an OSA MIC higher than 25.0 microg/ml. Rapid-growing mycobacterial species, such as Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and others, were not susceptible at concentrations of up to 100 microg/ml. A 2-dimensional thin-layer chromatography system showed that OSA treatment resulted in a significant decrease in all species of mycolic acids present in BCG. In contrast, mycolic acids in M. smegmatis were relatively unaffected following exposure to OSA. Other lipids, including polar and nonpolar extractable classes, were unchanged following exposure to OSA in both BCG and M. smegmatis. Transmission electron microscopy of OSA-treated BCG cells revealed a disruption in cell wall synthesis and incomplete septum formation. Our results indicate that OSA inhibits the growth of several species of mycobacteria, including both isoniazid-resistant and multidrug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis. This inhibition may be the result of OSA-mediated effects on mycolic acid synthesis in slow-growing mycobacteria or inhibition via an undescribed mechanism. Our results indicate that OSA may serve as a promising lead compound for future antituberculous drug development. (+info)Short-chain aliphatic polysulfonates inhibit the entry of Plasmodium into red blood cells. (7/165)
Several steps in the pathogenesis of a Plasmodium falciparum infection depend on interactions of parasite surface proteins with negatively charged sugars on the surface of host cells such as sialate residues or glycosaminoglycans. For these reasons, our previous studies examining agents that interfere with heparan sulfate-protein binding during amyloidogenesis suggested that short-chain aliphatic polysulfonates may prove useful as antimalarial agents. A series of related polysulfonates were synthesized and assessed both in tissue culture with the asexual stages of P. falciparum in human red blood cells and in vivo by use of Plasmodium berghei infections in mice. Poly(vinylsulfonate sodium salt) (molecular weight range, 1,500 to 3,000) proved effective in interfering with P. falciparum merozoite entry into human red blood cells and significantly delaying the increase in the level of P. berghei parasitemia in mice. The concept that anionic molecules that mimic large polysaccharide structures may have antimalarial properties has been suggested and examined previously. Our results suggest that related anionic agents [poly(vinylsulfonate sodium salt)-like molecules] orders of magnitude smaller than those previously considered may prove useful in abrogating merozoite entry into erythrocytes and may potentially block sporozoite entry into liver cells. Structure-activity studies conducted to enhance these properties may provide compounds with scope for significant further analysis and development. (+info)AZ 242, a novel PPARalpha/gamma agonist with beneficial effects on insulin resistance and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in ob/ob mice and obese Zucker rats. (8/165)
Abnormalities in fatty acid (FA) metabolism underlie the development of insulin resistance and alterations in glucose metabolism, features characteristic of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes that can result in an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We present pharmacodynamic effects of AZ 242, a novel peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)alpha/gamma agonist. AZ 242 dose-dependently reduced the hypertriglyceridemia, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglycemia of ob/ob diabetic mice. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp studies showed that treatment with AZ 242 (1 micromol/kg/d) restored insulin sensitivity of obese Zucker rats and decreased insulin secretion. In vitro, in reporter gene assays, AZ 242 activated human PPARalpha and PPARgamma with EC(50) in the micro molar range. It also induced differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells, an established PPARgamma effect, and caused up-regulation of liver fatty acid binding protein in HepG-2 cells, a PPARalpha-mediated effect. PPARalpha-mediated effects of AZ 242 in vivo were documented by induction of hepatic cytochrome P 450-4A in mice. The results indicate that the dual PPARalpha/gamma agonism of AZ 242 reduces insulin resistance and has beneficial effects on FA and glucose metabolism. This effect profile could provide a suitable therapeutic approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and associated vascular risk factors. (+info)"The Synthesis of Some Tritium-labelled Mutagenic Alkyl Alkanesulfonates". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 20: 908-910. doi:10.3891/ ...
SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates" (PDF). OECD SIDS. Helsinki. DE/ICCA (2009). "SIDS Initial ... primary alkane sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonate". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 74 (5). doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv. ... Assessment Profile SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates". OECD. Wibbertmann, A; Mangelsdorf, I ...
SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates" (PDF). OECD SIDS. Helsinki.. ... primary alkane sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonate". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 74 (5): 1089-1106. doi:10.1016/j. ... "SIDS Initial Assessment Profile SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates". OECD ...
... alkanesulfonates MeSH D02.455.326.146.100.050.490 --- mesna MeSH D02.455.326.146.100.050.500 --- mesylates MeSH D02.455.326.146 ... alkanesulfonates MeSH D02.886.645.600.055.050.500 --- mesna MeSH D02.886.645.600.055.050.510 --- mesylates MeSH D02.886.645.600 ...
Alkane Sulfonates. Sodium bisulfite will react with normal alpha olefins via a free-radical mechanism to produce alkane ... Alkane sulfonates with chain lengths of C12 or higher have limited water solubility, suggesting their application in synthetic ...
1,1-di-unsubstituted alkanesulfonates ChEBI 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonates ChEBI Manual Xrefs Databases ...
Another class of anionic organic surfactants are the β-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These compounds have the following formula ...
Designing ionic liquids for the extraction of alcohols from fermentation broth: phosphonium alkanesulfonates, solvents for diol ...
Secondary alkane sulfonates containing 13 to 18 carbon atoms may also be used as the anionic surfactant. Suitable secondary ... Cosmetic or dermatological cleansing compositions comprising secondary alkanesulfonates. US20080057020 *. Aug 31, 2007. Mar 6, ... sodium secondary alkane sulfonates containing 13 to 18 carbon atoms, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate, ammonium alkylbenzene ... alkane sulfonates include the sodium salt of secondary alkane sulfonate sold under the trademark Hostapur SAS-60 by American ...
... lower alkanesulfonates such as methanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonate, or ethanesulfonate; arylsulfonates such as ...
SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates" (PDF). OECD SIDS. Helsinki.. ... primary alkane sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonate". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 74 (5): 1089-1106. doi:10.1016/j. ... "SIDS Initial Assessment Profile SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates". OECD ...
In addition to the true alkene sulfonates and a proportion of hydroxy-alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates can contain minor ... Another class of anionic organic surfactants are the .beta.-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. These compounds have the following ... such that any sultones which have been formed in the reaction are hydrolyzed to give the corresponding hydroxy-alkanesulfonates ...
"The Synthesis of Some Tritium-labelled Mutagenic Alkyl Alkanesulfonates". Acta Chemica Scandinavica. 20: 908-910. doi:10.3891/ ...
Sec-alkanesulfonates are preferred.. The preferred alkanesulfonates contain linear alkyl chains having from about 9 to 25 ... In addition to such soil-release polymers, the novel detergent and cleaner also comprises one or more alkanesulfonates and/or . ... The alkyl group of the alkanesulfonates can either be saturated or unsaturated, branched or linear and optionally substituted ... Preference is given to secondary alkanesulfonates with sodium as the cation.. The .alpha.-olefinsulfonates are obtained by ...
Exemplary copper alkane sulfonates include copper (C1-C6)alkane sulfonate and more preferably copper (C1-C3)alkane sulfonate. ... Preferred copper alkane sulfonates are copper methanesulfonate, copper ethanesulfonate and copper propanesulfonate. Exemplary ...
SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates" (PDF). OECD SIDS. Helsinki. DE/ICCA (2009). "SIDS Initial ... primary alkane sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonate". Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 74 (5). doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv. ... Assessment Profile SIAM 25: Alkyl Sulfates, Alkane Sulfonates, and α-Olefin sulfonates". OECD. Wibbertmann, A; Mangelsdorf, I ...
... secondary n-alkanesulfonates; alpha olefin sufonates; sulfosuccinic esters; alkyl naphthalene sulfonates; isoethionates; ...
... ions of alkanesulfonates optionally having a fluorine atom such as methanesulfonate and trifluoromethanesulfonate; ions of ...
... alkane sulfonates and the like. Suitable counter ions for anionic surfactants include alkali metal ions such as sodium and ...
In addition to the true alkene sulfonates and a proportion of hydroxy- alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates can contain ... Another class of anionic detersive surfactants suitable for use in the compositions is the beta-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates. ...
The readily biodegradable alkanesulfonates are obtained from C12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation ... The sulfonate group is statistically distributed over the carbon chain as a whole, the secondary alkanesulfonates predominating ... Preferred anionic surfactants are fatty alkyl sulfates, alkanesulfonates, saturated and/or unsaturated soaps and, in particular ... heating said anionic surfactant other than alkanesulfonates, said ethoxylated fatty alcohol and said alkyl glucoside, if ...
SIAR on category of Alkyl sulfates, Alkane sulfonates and a-Olefin sulfonates. Accessed April 2013 at http://webnet.oecd.org/ ...
... or β-acetamido-alkane sulfonates, and (8) sarcosinates having from 8 to 22 carbons, e.g., sodium lauroyl sarcosinate. ...
0055] (b2.6) Sulfosuccinates, alkanesulfonates, paraffinsulfonates and olefinsulfonates such as Netzer IS.RTM., Hoe.RTM.51728, ...
Partial Molar Volumes of Sodium Perfluoroalkanoates and Lithium Perfluoro-1-alkanesulfonates in Aqueous Solutions, Bull. Chem. ...
... and structural studies of three-dimensional supramolecular motifs derived from neutral and cationic zinc alkanesulfonates. ...
C10-20 alkane sulfonates, C8 -C18 alkyl sulfates, C8 -C18 alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates and C8 -C12 alkyl phenyl ether ... C10-20 alkane sulfonates, C8 -C18 alkyl sulfates, C8 -C18 alkyl ether polyethenoxy sulfates and C8 -C12 alkyl phenyl ether ... C17 paraffin or alkane sulfonates. Particularly, preferred compounds are sodium C10 -C13 alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium C13 ...
In addition to the true alkene sulfonates and a proportion of hydroxy-alkanesulfonates, the olefin sulfonates can contain minor ... that tend to be cyclodextrin-incompatible and are suitable for use in the present compositions are the beta-alkyloxy alkane sulfonates ...
Alkane Sulfonates. * Alkyl Benzene Sulfonates. * Alkyl Benzene Sulfonic Acid. * Alpha Olefin Sulfonate. * Alpha Sulfo Methyl ...
- Liquid-Liquid Extraction There are a number of standard methods for this analysis, for example, ASTM D1568 for alkylaryl sulfonates, ASTM D1570 for analysis of alkyl sulfates, ISO 1104 for alkanesulfonates and certain non-LAS alkylarylsulfonates, and ASTM D3673 for oc-olefin sulfonates (6-9). (briefmarken-sammlerbund.de)
- Catalyzes the conversion of pentanesulfonic acid to sulfite and pentaldehyde and is able to desulfonate a wide range of sulfonated substrates including C-2 to C-10 unsubstituted linear alkanesulfonates, substituted ethanesulfonic acids and sulfonated buffers. (uniprot.org)
- The purified enzyme had no activity with the substrates of related enzymes, including alkanesulfonates, aldehydes, nitrilotriacetate, or dibenzothiophenesulfone. (uea.ac.uk)
- Synthesis and structural studies of three-dimensional supramolecular motifs derived from neutral and cationic zinc alkanesulfonates. (bath.ac.uk)
- SH3 can utilize several alkanesulfonates and aromatic sulfonates as sole sulfur source to grow. (ncu.edu.tw)