Alkanes
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase
Oxygenases
Mixed Function Oxygenases
Widely distributed enzymes that carry out oxidation-reduction reactions in which one atom of the oxygen molecule is incorporated into the organic substrate; the other oxygen atom is reduced and combined with hydrogen ions to form water. They are also known as monooxygenases or hydroxylases. These reactions require two substrates as reductants for each of the two oxygen atoms. There are different classes of monooxygenases depending on the type of hydrogen-providing cosubstrate (COENZYMES) required in the mixed-function oxidation.
Kynurenine 3-Monooxygenase
Methylococcaceae
Methylococcus capsulatus
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.
Biodegradation, Environmental
Pseudomonas
Petroleum
Oxidation-Reduction
A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p471).
Methylosinus trichosporium
Octanes
Camphor 5-Monooxygenase
A soluble cytochrome P-450 enzyme that catalyzes camphor monooxygenation in the presence of putidaredoxin, putidaredoxin reductase, and molecular oxygen. This enzyme, encoded by the CAMC gene also known as CYP101, has been crystallized from bacteria and the structure is well defined. Under anaerobic conditions, this enzyme reduces the polyhalogenated compounds bound at the camphor-binding site.
Rubredoxins
Alkenes
Methane
Hydroxylation
Nitrosomonas
Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide
Pseudomonas putida
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Gordonia Bacterium
Benzydamine
Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
Squalene Monooxygenase
The second enzyme in the committed pathway for CHOLESTEROL biosynthesis, this enzyme catalyzes the first oxygenation step in the biosynthesis of STEROLS and is thought to be a rate limiting enzyme in this pathway. Specifically, this enzyme catalyzes the conversion of SQUALENE to (S)-squalene-2,3-epoxide.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Substrate Specificity
FMN Reductase
NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase
Amidine-Lyases
Multienzyme Complexes
Flavins
Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria
Alcanivoraceae
Trichloroethylene
Microsomes, Liver
Methylocystaceae
Catalysis
Amino Acid Sequence
Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated
Waxes
A plastic substance deposited by insects or obtained from plants. Waxes are esters of various fatty acids with higher, usually monohydric alcohols. The wax of pharmacy is principally yellow wax (beeswax), the material of which honeycomb is made. It consists chiefly of cerotic acid and myricin and is used in making ointments, cerates, etc. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Beijerinckiaceae
Alcohols
Cloning, Molecular
NADP
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate. A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-phosphate (NMN) coupled by pyrophosphate linkage to the 5'-phosphate adenosine 2',5'-bisphosphate. It serves as an electron carrier in a number of reactions, being alternately oxidized (NADP+) and reduced (NADPH). (Dorland, 27th ed)
Oxidoreductases, O-Demethylating
7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase
Pseudomonas mendocina
Acinetobacter
Biotransformation
The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
Acetic Anhydrides
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Dichloroethylenes
Oxygen
Hydrocarbons, Aromatic
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Multigene Family
A set of genes descended by duplication and variation from some ancestral gene. Such genes may be clustered together on the same chromosome or dispersed on different chromosomes. Examples of multigene families include those that encode the hemoglobins, immunoglobulins, histocompatibility antigens, actins, tubulins, keratins, collagens, heat shock proteins, salivary glue proteins, chorion proteins, cuticle proteins, yolk proteins, and phaseolins, as well as histones, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA genes. The latter three are examples of reiterated genes, where hundreds of identical genes are present in a tandem array. (King & Stanfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Pseudomonas stutzeri
A species of gram-negative bacteria in the genus PSEUDOMONAS, containing multiple genomovars. It is distinguishable from other pseudomonad species by its ability to use MALTOSE and STARCH as sole carbon and energy sources. It can degrade ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS and has been used as a model organism to study denitrification.
Ammonia
Microsomes
Artifactual vesicles formed from the endoplasmic reticulum when cells are disrupted. They are isolated by differential centrifugation and are composed of three structural features: rough vesicles, smooth vesicles, and ribosomes. Numerous enzyme activities are associated with the microsomal fraction. (Glick, Glossary of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1990; from Rieger et al., Glossary of Genetics: Classical and Molecular, 5th ed)
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Acetone
Copper
Enzyme Induction
Chloroquinolinols
8-Hydroxyquinolinols chlorinated on the number 5 and/or 7 carbon atom(s). They are antibacterial, antiprotozoal, and antidiarrheal, especially in amebiasis, and have also been used as antiseborrheics. The compounds are mostly used topically, but have been used also as animal feed additives. They may cause optic and other neuropathies and are most frequently administered in combination with other agents.
Base Sequence
Chromatography, Gas
Fractionation of a vaporized sample as a consequence of partition between a mobile gaseous phase and a stationary phase held in a column. Two types are gas-solid chromatography, where the fixed phase is a solid, and gas-liquid, in which the stationary phase is a nonvolatile liquid supported on an inert solid matrix.
Tryptophan Hydroxylase
Agrocybe
Epoxy Compounds
Molecular Structure
Iron
Glyceryl Ethers
Flavin Mononucleotide
4-Hydroxybenzoate-3-Monooxygenase
Models, Chemical
Rhodium
The PalkBFGHJKL promoter is under carbon catabolite repression control in Pseudomonas oleovorans but not in Escherichia coli alk+ recombinants. (1/260)
The alk genes are located on the OCT plasmid of Pseudomonas oleovorans and encode an inducible pathway for the utilization of n-alkanes as carbon and energy sources. We have investigated the influence of alternative carbon sources on the induction of this pathway in P. oleovorans and Escherichia coli alk+ recombinants. In doing so, we confirmed earlier reports that induction of alkane hydroxylase activity in pseudomonads is subject to carbon catabolite repression. Specifically, synthesis of the monooxygenase component AlkB is repressed at the transcriptional level. The alk genes have been cloned into plasmid pGEc47, which has a copy number of about 5 to 10 per cell in both E. coli and pseudomonads. Pseudomonas putida GPo12 is a P. oleovorans derivative cured of the OCT plasmid. Upon introduction of pGEc47 in this strain, carbon catabolite repression of alkane hydroxylase activity was reduced significantly. In cultures of recombinant E. coli HB101 and W3110 carrying pGEc47, induction of AlkB and transcription of the alkB gene were no longer subject to carbon catabolite repression. This suggests that carbon catabolite repression of alkane degradation is regulated differently in Pseudomonas and in E. coli strains. These results also indicate that PalkBFGHJKL, the Palk promoter, might be useful in attaining high expression levels of heterologous genes in E. coli grown on inexpensive carbon sources which normally trigger carbon catabolite repression of native expression systems in this host. (+info)Characterization of cytochrome P450 expression in human oesophageal mucosa. (2/260)
The expression of cytochrome (CYP) P450 enzymes in human oesophageal mucosa was investigated in a total of 25 histologically non-neoplastic surgical tissue specimens by using specific antibodies in immunoblots and by RT-PCR mRNA analysis. The presence of CYP1A, 2E1, 3A and 4A enzymes was demonstrated by both techniques; CYP2A reactive protein was also detected by immunoblot. The presence of CYP4B1 mRNA was established but no specific antibody was available for detection of the corresponding protein by immunoblot. CYP2B6/7 mRNA was not detected in any sample. The mRNA transcripts for CYP1A1, 2E1, 4A11 and 4B1 were consistently detected in the majority of samples (>84%), whereas CYP1A2 mRNA was only detected in 11 of 19 specimens examined. An RT-PCR method to differentiate CYP3A4 and 3A5 mRNA was developed. This demonstrated CYP3A5 mRNA expression in all samples tested, whereas CYP3A4 mRNA was not detectable, suggesting that CYP3A5 is the major CYP3A protein in human oesophagus. There were significant interindividual variations in the amount of proteins, ranging from 8-fold for CYP4A to 43-fold for CYP2E1. For each patient, data on exposure to risk factors for oesophageal cancer were available, including tobacco smoke, alcohol, gastro-oesophageal reflux and hot beverage consumption. None of these risk factors or other patient characteristics (age, sex, tumour location and tumour stage) were correlated with the protein level of the individual CYP enzymes as determined by quantitation of immunoblot staining. However, the small series of samples precludes any strong conclusion concerning the lack of such correlations. There were no differences between squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas in either the qualitative or quantitative expression of the CYP enzymes. These data demonstrate that a range of CYP enzymes are expressed in human oesophageal mucosa and indicate that this tissue has the capacity to activate chemical carcinogens to reactive DNA binding metabolites. (+info)Role of the alternative sigma factor sigmaS in expression of the AlkS regulator of the Pseudomonas oleovorans alkane degradation pathway. (3/260)
The AlkS protein activates transcription from the PalkB promoter, allowing the expression of a number of genes required for the assimilation of alkanes in Pseudomonas oleovorans. We have identified the promoter from which the alkS gene is transcribed, PalkS, and analyzed its expression under different conditions and genetic backgrounds. Transcription from PalkS was very low during the exponential phase of growth and increased considerably when cells reached the stationary phase. The PalkS -10 region was similar to the consensus described for promoters recognized by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase bound to the alternative sigma factor sigmaS, which directs the expression of many stationary-phase genes. Reporter strains containing PalkS-lacZ transcriptional fusions showed that PalkS promoter is very weakly expressed in a Pseudomonas putida strain bearing an inactivated allele of the gene coding for sigmaS, rpoS. When PalkS was transferred to E. coli, transcription started at the same site and expression was higher in stationary phase only if sigmaS-RNA polymerase was present. The low levels of AlkS protein generated in the absence of sigmaS were enough to support a partial induction of the PalkB promoter. The -10 and -35 regions of PalkS promoter also show some similarity to the consensus recognized by sigmaD-RNA polymerase, the primary form of RNA polymerase. We propose that in exponential phase PalkS is probably recognized both by sigmaD-RNA polymerase (inefficiently) and by sigmaS-RNA polymerase (present at low levels), leading to low-level expression of the alkS gene. sigmaS-RNA polymerase would be responsible for the high level of activity of PalkS observed in stationary phase. (+info)Insulin differentially affects xenobiotic-enhanced, cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A expression in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. (4/260)
Uncontrolled diabetes results in enhanced expression of cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A. Because of the simultaneous and confounding metabolic and hormonal changes that occur in vivo as a consequence of diabetes, primary cultured rat hepatocytes provide an excellent model system for examination of the effects of insulin on P-450 expression and on xenobiotic-mediated P-450 expression. In the present study, we examined the effects of insulin on pyridine-, phenobarbital-, and ciprofibrate-mediated expression of CYP2E1, CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Pyridine addition to primary rat hepatocytes cultured in the presence of 1 nM insulin or in the absence of insulin resulted in a 3.5-fold and 3-fold enhancement in CYP2E1 protein expression, respectively, in the absence of any pyridine-mediated increase in mRNA expression. In contrast, hepatocytes cultured in the standard concentration of 1 microM insulin resulted in only a 2-fold increase in protein expression. Thus, the fold-induction of CYP2E1 protein in response to pyridine was 1.5- to 1.8-fold greater in either the absence of insulin or in the presence of 1 nM insulin, respectively, than that monitored in the presence of 1 microM insulin. To examine whether insulin effects on xenobiotic-mediated CYP2E1 expression were selective, insulin effects on xenobiotic-mediated expression of transcriptionally regulated CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A were examined. Pyridine- or phenobarbital-mediated induction of CYP2B mRNA and protein expression in hepatocytes was suppressed by as much as 80% at lower insulin levels (0 and 1 nM), relative to the level monitored in the presence of 1 microM insulin. Omitting insulin from the medium resulted in a 50% decrease in CYP3A mRNA levels in response to phenobarbital treatment and a 30% decrease in CYP4A mRNA levels in response to ciprofibrate treatment, relative to the level obtained in response to these treatments in the presence of 1 microM insulin. The results of this study demonstrate that decreasing the insulin level in the primary hepatocyte culture medium enhanced xenobiotic-mediated CYP2E1 expression, whereas lower insulin levels suppressed xenobiotic-mediated CYP2B, CYP3A, and CYP4A expression in this cell culture system. (+info)Hypoxia-induced production of 12-hydroxyeicosanoids in the corneal epithelium: involvement of a cytochrome P-4504B1 isoform. (5/260)
The corneal epithelium metabolizes arachidonic acid by a cytochrome P-450 (CYP)-mediated activity to 12-hydroxy-5,8,11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12(R)-HETE) and 12-hydroxy-5,8, 14-eicosatrienoic acid (12(R)-HETrE ). Both metabolites possess potent inflammatory properties, with 12(R)-HETrE being a powerful angiogenic factor, and they assume the role of inflammatory mediators in hypoxia- and chemical-induced injury in the cornea in vivo and in vitro. We used a model of corneal organ culture that exhibits hypoxia-induced epithelial CYP-dependent 12(R)-HETE and 12(R)-HETrE synthesis for isolating, identifying, and characterizing the CYP protein responsible for these eicosanoid syntheses. Northern analysis revealed the presence of a CYP4A-hybridizable mRNA, the levels of which were increased after hypoxia. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis with primers specific for the CYP4A family led to the isolation of a 671-base pair fragment with a 98.8% sequence homology to the rabbit lung CYP4B1 isoform, of which the levels in the corneal epithelium were greatly increased under hypoxic conditions. Moreover, phenobarbital, an inducer of hepatic CYP4B1 in the rabbit, also induced 12-HETE and 12-HETrE synthesis. Antibodies against CYP4B1, but not against CYP4A1, inhibited hypoxia-, clofibrate-, and phenobarbital-induced 12-HETE and 12-HETrE synthesis. These results suggest the involvement of a CYP4B1 isoform in the corneal epithelial synthesis of these eicosanoids in response to hypoxia. (+info)Arachidonic acid and PGE2 regulation of hepatic lipogenic gene expression. (6/260)
N-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) suppress hepatic and adipocyte de novo lipogenesis by inhibiting the transcription of genes encoding key lipogenic proteins. In cultured 3T3-L1 adipocytes, arachidonic acid (20:4,n-6) suppression of lipogenic gene expression requires cyclooxygenase (COX) activity. In this study, we found no evidence to support a role for COX-1 or -2 in the 20:4,n-6 inhibition of hepatocyte lipogenic gene expression. In contrast to L1 preadipocytes, adipocytes and rat liver, RT-PCR and Western analyses did not detect COX-1 or COX-2 expression in cultured primary hepatocytes. Moreover, the COX inhibitor, flurbiprofen, did not affect the 20:4,n-6 regulation of lipogenic gene expression in primary hepatocytes. Despite the absence of COX-1 and -2 expression in primary hepatocytes, prostaglandins (PGE2 and PGF2alpha) suppressed fatty acid synthase, l-pyruvate kinase, and the S14 protein mRNA, while having no effect on acyl-CoA oxidase or CYP4A2 mRNA. Using PGE2 receptor agonist, the PGE2 effect on lipogenic gene expression was linked to EP3 receptors. PGE2 inhibited S14CAT activity in transfected primary hepatocytes and targeted the S14 PUFA-response region located -220 to -80 bp upstream from the transcription start site. Taken together, these studies show that COX-1 and COX-2 do not contribute to the n-6 PUFA suppression of hepatocyte lipogenic gene expression. However, cyclooxygenase products from non-parenchymal cells can act on parenchymal cells through a paracrine process and mimic the effects of n-6 PUFA on lipogenic gene expression. (+info)Kinetic profile of the rat CYP4A isoforms: arachidonic acid metabolism and isoform-specific inhibitors. (7/260)
20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), the cytochrome P-450 (CYP) 4A omega-hydroxylation product of arachidonic acid, has potent biological effects on renal tubular and vascular functions and on the control of arterial pressure. We have expressed high levels of the rat CYP4A1, -4A2, -4A3, and -4A8 cDNAs, using baculovirus and Sf 9 insect cells. Arachidonic acid omega- and omega-1-hydroxylations were catalyzed by three of the CYP4A isoforms; the highest catalytic efficiency of 947 nM-1. min-1 for CYP4A1 was followed by 72 and 22 nM-1. min-1 for CYP4A2 and CYP4A3, respectively. CYP4A2 and CYP4A3 exhibited an additional arachidonate 11,12-epoxidation activity, whereas CYP4A1 operated solely as an omega-hydroxylase. CYP4A8 did not catalyze arachidonic or linoleic acid but did have a detectable lauric acid omega-hydroxylation activity. The inhibitory activity of various acetylenic and olefinic fatty acid analogs revealed differences and indicated isoform-specific inhibition. These studies suggest that CYP4A1, despite its low expression in extrahepatic tissues, may constitute the major source of 20-HETE synthesis. Moreover, the ability of CYP4A2 and -4A3 to catalyze the formation of two opposing biologically active metabolites, 20-HETE and 11, 12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid, may be of great significance to the regulation of vascular tone. (+info)Regulation of P-450 4A activity in the glomerulus of the rat. (8/260)
We recently reported that an enzyme of the cytochrome P-450 4A family is expressed in the glomerulus, but there is no evidence that 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) can be produced by this tissue. The purpose of present study was to determine whether glomeruli isolated from the kidney of rats can produce 20-HETE and whether the production of this metabolite is regulated by nitric oxide (NO) and dietary salt intake. Isolated glomeruli produced 20-HETE, dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids, and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (4.13 +/- 0.38, 4.20 +/- 0.38, and 2. 10 +/- 0.20 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1, respectively) when incubated with arachidonic acid (10 microM). The formation of 20-HETE was dependent on the availability of NADPH and the PO2 of the incubation medium. The formation of 20-HETE was inhibited by NO donors in a concentration-dependent manner. The production of 20-HETE was greater in glomeruli isolated from the kidneys of rats fed a low-salt diet than in kidneys of rats fed a high-salt diet (5.67 +/- 0.32 vs. 2.83 +/- 0.32 pmol. min-1. mg protein-1). Immunoblot experiments indicated that the expression of P-450 4A protein in glomeruli from the kidneys of rats fed a low-salt diet was sixfold higher than in kidneys of rats fed a high-salt diet. These results indicate that arachidonic acid is primarily metabolized to 20-HETE and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids in glomeruli and that glomerular P-450 activity is modulated by NO and dietary salt intake. (+info)
The catalytic site of rat hepatic lauric acid omega-hydroxylase: Protein versus prosthetic heme alkylation in the omega...
Renal Cytochrome P450 Oxygenases and Preglomerular Vascular Response to Arachidonic Acid and Endothelin-1 Following Ischemia...
PGEC Web Page for Genome Sequencing
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JNHE01000023 gene2513 protein (Pseudomonas oleovorans) - STRING interaction network
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Alkane 1-monooxygenase
... alkane monooxygenase, 1-hydroxylase, AlkB, and alkane hydroxylase. It contains a diiron non-heme active site. McKenna EJ, Coon ... In enzymology, an alkane 1-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reactions an alkane + reduced ... Alkanes of 6 to 22 carbons have been observed as substrates. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is alkane, reduced-rubredoxin:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use ...
List of MeSH codes (D08)
... camphor 5-monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170.500 - alkane 1-monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170.915 - steroid ... 4-hydroxybenzoate 3-monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.557 - kynurenine 3-monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.601 - ... trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase MeSH D08.622.509.700 - pepsinogen a MeSH D08.622.509.725 - pepsinogen c MeSH D08.622.610.500 - ... monophenol monooxygenase MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170 - cytochrome p-450 enzyme system MeSH D08.811.682.690.708.170.040 - aryl ...
Rubredoxin
... alkane, reduced-rubredoxin:oxygen 1-oxidoreductase) octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O EC ... 2-monooxygenase [(+)-camphor, reduced-rubredoxin:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-lactonizing)] (+)-bornane-2,5-dione + reduced ... 1] The lower Fe2+ cation change of the reduced state leaves a higher negative charge on the Cys 9 Sγ-donor which attracts water ... rubredoxin + O2 = 5-oxo-1,2-campholide + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O EC 1.14.15.3 alkane 1-monooxygenase ( ...
Hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria
The n-alkanes are oxidized by monooxygenase to secondary alcohols, then to ketones and finally to fatty acids. R 1 − ( CH 2 ... linear alkanes branched alkanes > small aromatics > cyclic alkanes. Some compounds, such as the high molecular weight ... From the oxidation of the methyl group of n-alkanes by the alkane hydroxylase, n-alkanols are released which are further ... where toluene is converted into o-cresol by toluene 2-monooxygenase and subsequently another monooxygenase converts it to 3- ...
Sphingobacterium olei
... olei to utilize petroleum hydrocarbons in farmland soil can be explained by its lack of alkane monooxygenase and aromatic ring- ... 1-13. ISBN 978-1-118-96060-8. Yabuuchi, E.; T. Kaneko; I. Yano; C.W. Moss; N. Miyoshi. (1 July 1983). "Sphingobacterium gen. ... Liu, Bin; Yang, Xiaojun; Sheng, Mengyao; Yang, Zhou; Qiu, Jiguo; Wang, Chenghong; He, Jian (1 March 2020). "Sphingobacterium ... 1 June 2017). "Sphingobacterium alkalisoli sp. nov., isolated from a saline-alkaline soil". International Journal of Systematic ...
Ammonia monooxygenase
Rasche ME, Hicks RE, Hyman MR, Arp DJ (September 1990). "Oxidation of monohalogenated ethanes and n-chlorinated alkanes by ... "Evidence that particulate methane monooxygenase and ammonia monooxygenase may be evolutionarily related". FEMS Microbiology ... Ammonia+monooxygenase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Portal: Biology (EC 1.14.99). ... Ammonia monooxygenase (EC 1.14.99.39, AMO) is an enzyme, which catalyses the following chemical reaction ammonia + AH2 + O2 ...
Harold Basch
Musaev, Djamaladdin G.; Basch, Harold; Morokuma, Keiji (2002). "Theoretical Study of the Mechanism of Alkane Hydroxylation and ... "Computational studies of reaction mechanisms of methane monooxygenase and ribonucleotide reductase". Journal of Computational ... 23 (1): 59-76. doi:10.1002/jcc.1157. ISSN 0192-8651. PMID 11913390. S2CID 24420102. Basch, Harold; Ratner, Mark A. (2003). " ...
List of EC numbers (EC 1)
2-monooxygenase. EC 1.14.15.3: alkane 1-monooxygenase EC 1.14.15.4: steroid 11β-monooxygenase EC 1.14.15.5: corticosterone 18- ... valine N-monooxygenase EC 1.14.14.39: isoleucine N-monooxygenase EC 1.14.14.40: phenylalanine N-monooxygenase EC 1.14.14.41: (E ... steroid 17α-monooxygenase EC 1.14.99.10: Now EC 1.14.14.16, steroid 21-monooxygenase EC 1.14.99.11: estradiol 6β-monooxygenase ... arginine 2-monooxygenase EC 1.13.12.2: lysine 2-monooxygenase EC 1.13.12.3: tryptophan 2-monooxygenase EC 1.13.12.4: lactate 2- ...
Desulfatibacillum alkenivorans AK-01
Alkanes are the least reactive class of hydrocarbons due to their apolar sigma bonds. In the absence of high temperatures, high ... but serves as a reactant in the hydroxylation of both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons via monooxygenase and dioxygenase ... It has also been shown that AK-01 uses not only alkanes but also 1-alkenes, 1-alkanols, fatty acids and other organic acids as ... AK-01 is a delta-proteobacterium capable of using C13-C18 alkanes as growth substrates (So et al., 1999). Analysis of labeled ...
Methane monooxygenase
... (MMO) is an enzyme capable of oxidizing the C-H bond in methane as well as other alkanes. Methane ... The particulate methane monooxygenase and related ammonia monooxygenase are integral membrane proteins, occurring in ... "Evidence that particulate methane monooxygenase and ammonia monooxygenase may be evolutionarily related". FEMS Microbiology ... This is a classic monooxygenase reaction in which two reducing equivalents from NAD(P)H are utilized to split the O-O bond of ...
Shilov system
The transformation can also performed biologically by methane monooxygenase. Overall Transformation RH + H2O + [PtCl6]2− → ROH ... "Reactions of alkanes in solutions of platinum chloride complexes" Zh. Fiz. Khim. 1972, 46, 1353-13544 Gol'dshleger, N. F.; ... and the nucleophilic oxidation of the alkane substrate. An equivalent transformation is performed industrially by steam ... 1] and [2] ). Such premature oxidation shuts down the catalysis. Finally the PtIV-CH2R undergoes nucleophilic attack by OH− or ...
Alcanivorax pacificus
These monooxygenases are especially important, as they account for long-chain n-alkane hydroxylation. A. Pacificus is closely ... Found were genes encoding for four integral-membrane alkane monooxygenases, three cytochrome P450 enzymes, and four genes ... Part of this difference results from a 549 nucleotide fragment of the alkane hydroxylase gene alkB, which was amplified from ... Lai Q, Shao Z (December 2012). "Genome sequence of an alkane-degrading bacterium, Alcanivorax pacificus type strain W11-5, ...
Plastic degradation by marine bacteria
Alkane hydroxylase is thought to play a similar role in pseudomonas species capable of polyethylene degradation. Once enzymes ... Following the monooxygenase step, the polystyrene molecule is transformed into phenylacetic acid during the upper pathway of ... Bacteria that are capable of degrading this molecule are documented to release monooxygenases to initiate the oxidization of ... 4 (1): 15. doi:10.1186/s40643-017-0145-9. ISSN 2197-4365. S2CID 3698066. Luu, Rita A.; Schneider, Benjamin J.; Ho, Christie C ...
Cometabolism
Another example is Mycobacterium vaccae, which uses an alkane monooxygenase enzyme to oxidize propane. Accidentally, this ... OX1 can degrade PCE under aerobic conditions by using toluene-o-xylene monooxygenase (ToMO), an enzyme they produce to derive ... Several aerobic microorganisms have been demonstrated to be capable of doing this, including n-alkane, aromatic compound (e.g. ... These bacteria degrade their growth-substrate methane with the enzyme methane monooxygenase (MMO). MMO was discovered to be ...
Gas to liquids
The methanol reacts in the presence of a zeolite catalyst to form alkanes. In terms of mechanism, methanol is partially ... The relevant enzymes are methane monooxygenases, which are found both in soluble and particulate (i.e. membrane-bound) ... alkanes), aromatics, naphthenes (cycloalkanes) and small amounts of olefins (alkenes), mostly from C6 (number of carbon atoms ... Most of the non-condensed gas from the product separator becomes recycled gas and is sent back to the feed stream to Reactor 1 ...
Alcanivorax borkumensis
The aerobic metabolism of alkanes is carried out through the terminal alkane oxidation pathway, where monooxygenases initiate ... borkumensis can consume a wider variety of alkanes than other known species. A. borkumensis primarily uses alkanes as its ... The A. borkumensis genome has many sequences that each code for a different type of alkane, allowing it to be highly adaptable ... Whereas most organisms use sugars or amino acids for their source of carbon/energy, A. borkumensis uses alkanes, a type of ...
Mycoremediation
Averaging across all studied species, 98.1%, 48.6%, and 76.4% of the initial Bunker C C10 alkane, C14 alkane, and phenanthrene ... certain fungi possess intracellular networks which constitute the xenome, consisting of cytochrome (CYP) P450 monooxygenases ... The subphylum Saccharomycotina mostly consists of yeasts and includes degraders of n-alkanes, n-alkylbenzenes, crude oil, the ... 198 (Pt 2): 1-11. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.05.010. PMID 28499155. The levels of adsorption of the phenolic and PAHs were ...
Extremophile
Thermophilic Thermus and Bacillus species have demonstrated higher gene expression for the alkane mono-oxygenase alkB at ... 5 (1): 109-16. doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2012.00348.x. PMID 23757139. Krupovic M, Gonnet M, Hania WB, Forterre P, Erauso G (2013 ... 26 (1): 44-71. doi:10.1039/b800164m. PMID 19374122. Rossi M, Ciaramella M, Cannio R, Pisani FM, Moracci M, Bartolucci S (July ... 4 (1): 110-21. Fakayode, S.O. (2005). "Impact assessment of industrial effluent on water quality of the receiving Alaro River ...
Methylobacillus flagellatus
... or methane monooxygenase (MMO), which degrade various environmental pollutants (i.e.: alkanes, alkenes, and mono- and poly- ... encoding a subunit of particulate methane monooxygenase), and fae (encoding formaldehyde activating enzyme) genes." The data ... 1. p. 233-238. Baev M V, Chistoserdova L V, Polanuer B M, et al. "Effect of formaldehyde on growth of obligate methylotroph ... p. 1-10. Marchenko GN, Marchenko ND, Tsygankov YD, Chistoserdov AY. "Organization of threonine biosynthesis genes from the ...
Methane
The enzyme methane monooxygenase produces methanol from methane, but cannot be used for industrial-scale reactions. Some ... Etymologically, the word methane is coined from the chemical suffix "-ane", which denotes substances belonging to the alkane ... Hydrogen Cycle Industrial gas Lake Kivu (more general: limnic eruption) List of straight-chain alkanes Methanation Methane ... 57-58 McBride, James Michael (1999) "Development of systematic names for the simple alkanes". Chemistry Department, Yale ...
MESH TREE NUMBER CHANGES - 2015 MeSH
View source - 2010.igem.org
It is a very reduced product, with a similar amount of electron per carbon atom as alkanes. Alkanes have 6 - 6.3 electrons per ... Odd numbered alkanes For all even numbered alkanes the above reactions completely link them to the main network in CNA. All ... Alkane degradation== To link alkanes to the existing network, the beta-oxidation was chosen as entry point. The reactions from ... For odd numbered alkanes the final reaction however (n = 5), a propionyl-CoA is generated; n-saturated fatty acyl-CoA -> ...
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
Code System Concept
DeCS 2015 - Changed terms
AT1G69500 details
Alkane hydroxylase MAH1 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana.... 0.03. Archaeplastida. LOC_Os01g58950.1. No alias. Cytochrome P450 94A1 OS= ... monooxygenase activity. None. Extended. MF. GO:0005488. binding. None. Extended. BP. GO:0006725. cellular aromatic compound ... Alkane hydroxylase MAH1 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana.... 0.03. Archaeplastida. Zm00001e028716_P001. No alias. fatty acyl omega- ... Alkane hydroxylase MAH1 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana.... 0.04. Archaeplastida. Solyc06g074420.1.1. No alias. jasmonoyl-amino acid ...
adhA protein (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) - STRING interaction network
Alkane-1-monooxygenase 2; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes in the presence of a NADH-rubredoxin reductase and ... Alkane 1-monooxygenase 1; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes in the presence of a NADH-rubredoxin reductase and ... Alkane 1-monooxygenase 1; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes in the presence of a NADH-rubredoxin reductase and ... Alkane-1-monooxygenase 2; Catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes in the presence of a NADH-rubredoxin reductase and ...
MMTB
1.14.15.3 alkane 1-monooxygenase - BRENDA: BS442710 1-Octanol + 2 NAD+ + H2O <=> Octanoate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol ... tricaprylin + H2O <=> 1,3-Dioctanoylglycerol + Octanoate 3.1.1.3 triacylglycerol lipase 3.1.1.32 phospholipase A1 - - ... 1-octanoyl-rac-glycerol + H2O <=> Octanoate + glycerol 3.1.1.1 carboxylesterase 3.1.1.23 acylglycerol lipase 3.1.1.3 ... 1-Octanol + 2 NADP+ + H2O <=> Octanoate + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.192 long-chain-alcohol ...
MMTB
alkane + 2 reduced_rubredoxin + O2 + 2 H+ <=> 2 oxidized_rubredoxin + an_alcohol + H2O 1.14.15.3 alkane 1-monooxygenase - ... 1.14.14.1 unspecific monooxygenase - KEGG: R04121 an_alcohol + NAD+ <=> an_aldehyde + NADH + H+ 1.1.1.1 alcohol dehydrogenase ... an_aldehyde + 1,4-benzoquinone + H2O <=> fatty_acid + hydroquinone 1.2.5.2 aldehyde dehydrogenase (quinone) - ... 1.1.1.202 1,3-propanediol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.21 aldose reductase 1.1.1.244 methanol dehydrogenase 1.1.1.245 cyclohexanol ...
Diversity and metagenome analysis of a hydrocarbon-degrading bacterial consortium from asphalt lakes located in Wietze, Germany...
... and long-chain alkane monooxygenases (ladA) genes, and their roles in the degradation of n-alkanes and iso-alkanes have been ... Crystal structure of long-chain alkane monooxygenase (LadA) in complex with coenzyme FMN: unveiling the long-chain alkane ... long-chain alkane monooxygenase, cytochrome P450 CYP153 alkane hydroxylase, cyclopentanol dehydrogenase, cyclohexanone ... 2006). The degradation of n-alkanes and iso-alkanes by the consortium is indicated by the presence of potential alkB, CYP153 ...
Metagenomic and geochemical characterization of pockmarked sediments overlaying the Troll petroleum reservoir in the North Sea ...
The metagenome reads were further compared to a protein sequence library for alkane monooxygenase (alk B) on the freely ... The reads were identified by search in MG- rast 3; and against a reference library for alkane monooxygenase. ... The soluble methane monooxygenase was identified in the metagenomes from Tplain and OF2 as well. ... The proposed extended use of aromatic hydrocarbons as a carbon source could be a result of the lower alkane concentrations ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
DeCS 2004 - New terms
Alkane 1-Monooxygenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenase. Alcano 1-Monooxigenasa. Angiostatins. Angiostatinas. Angiostatinas. ... Receptor Tipo 1 de Galanina. Receptor de Galanina Tipo 1. Receptor, Galanin, Type 2. Receptor Tipo 2 de Galanina. Receptor de ... Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,3-beta-Glucosidasa. Glucan 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano 1,4-beta-Glucosidase. Glucano ... Celulose 1,4-beta-Celobiosidase. Celulosa 1,4-beta-Celobiosidasa. Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase. Colestenona 5 alfa-Redutase. ...
i5k - EOG8Z91D7
Dr. Chakresh Kumar Jain - Assistant Professor (Senior Grade) in JIIT
Jain, C. K.,Gupta, M., Prasad,Y., Wadhwa, G., Sharma, S. K., Homology modeling and protein engineering of alkane monooxygenase ... 1, pp. 71-76, March 2014 [Impact factor:1.28] .. *Kumar, K., Rajasekharan, S., Gulati, S., Rana, J., Gabrani, R., Jain, C.K., ... 1-5, 2014. *Kaushik,P., Jain,C., K., Gabrani,R., Singh, T. R., Study on variability assessment and evolutionary relationships ... 1 + 3 = Solve this simple math problem and enter the result. E.g. for 1+3, enter 4. ...
NIOSHTIC-2 Search Results - Full View
The BzOPhase mediated release of resorufin was inhibited by the straight chain alkanes with 6 to 11 carbons. This inhibition ... was directed at the cytochrome-P450 dependent monooxygenase activity. Up to concentrations of 10 millimolar (mM) the straight ... The in vitro effects of alkanes, alcohols, and ketones on rat lung cytochrome P450-dependent alkoxyphenoxazone dealkylase ... Alkanes; Author Keywords: Cytochrome P450; Lung; Hydrocarbons; Alcohols; Ketones ...
Pesquisa | Portal Regional da BVS
In OBD-3, the alkane monooxygenase genes alkB1 and alkB2 (GenBank accession numbers: MZ688386 and MZ688387) were found, which ... 1. PCDD/Fs in indoor environments of residential communities around a municipal solid waste incineration plant in East China: ... Although 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (1H2N) was accumulated obviously, the mineralization of PHE was more complete in the BS ... Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) has received concerns due to its frequent detection in environmental media and ...
کاهش آلودگی نفتی در خاک به روشهای گیاهپالایی، زیست پالایی و گیاهپالایی زیستافزونی شده
Andria, V., Reichenauer, T. G. and Sessitsch, A. (2009). Expression of alkane monooxygenase (alkB) genes by plant-associated ... 1؛ احمد گلچین2؛ محمدصدیق مرتضوی3؛ رقیه همتی4؛ فاطمه شهریاری5 ... Journal of American Science, 3(1): 69-76.. Adenipekun, C. O. and Lawal, R. (2012). Uses of mushrooms in bioremediation: A ... Hadi Koohkan1؛ Ahmad Golchin2؛ Mohammad Sedigh Mortazavi3؛ Roghyeh Hemati4؛ Fatemeh Shahryari5 ...
Methylotrophs and Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria Are Key Players in the Microbial Community of an Abandoned Century-Old Oil...
... and n-alkanes. Based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene amplicons, we detected a significant abundance of methylotrophic bacteria ... The importance of C1 metabolism in this niche was confirmed by amplifying the methane monooxygenase (MMO)-encoding gene (pmo) ... 10.1007/s00248-021-01748-1 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00248-021-01748-1 ...
Methane monooxygenaseAlkB2HydroxylaseHydroxylationCytochrome P450EnzymesBiochemicalCharacterizationMolecularBacteriaGenes20202021ReductionActivityTypeLinkOrganicShowHealthVolumeWorkStudyFuelDegradationAlkBGeneOxidationMetabolismMicrobialFattyREACTIONMycobacteriaPseudomonasBiolCarbonDegradeHydrocarbonsAeruginosaConcentrationsSpeciesMicrobiologySolventsMechanismProteinEnzyme2019Chain10.1016StepFigure
Methane monooxygenase1
- The importance of C1 metabolism in this niche was confirmed by amplifying the methane monooxygenase (MMO)-encoding gene (pmo) from environmental DNA and the isolation of two strains closely related to Methylorubrum rhodesianum and Paracoccus communis with the ability to growth using methanol and formate as sole carbon source respectively. (ucr.ac.cr)
AlkB21
- Figure 2''' - Reaction taken from [http://metacyc.org/META/new-image?type=REACTION&object=ALKANE-1-MONOOXYGENASE-RXN Metacyc]]] The reaction for AlkB2 is shown in figure 2. (igem.org)
Hydroxylase2
- Alkane hydroxylase MAH1 OS=Arabidopsis thaliana. (ntu.edu.sg)
- The T1B™ oil spill releases alkane hydroxylase, which helps decompose alkane. (teamonebiotech.com)
Hydroxylation1
- Catalyzes the hydroxylation of n-alkanes in the presence of a NADH-rubredoxin reductase and rubredoxin. (string-db.org)
Cytochrome P4502
Enzymes1
- Alkane monooxygenase, esterase, and Lipase are a few enzymes that help break the oil and begin its degradation. (teamonebiotech.com)
Biochemical1
- Butane monooxygenase of Pseudomonas butanovora: purification and biochemical characterization of a terminal-alkane hydroxylating diiron monooxygenase (2007), Microbiology , 153, 1808-1816. (brenda-enzymes.org)
Characterization2
- Characterization of a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase from Aspergillus fumigatus shows functional variation among family AA11 fungal LPMOs. (cube-synergy.eu)
- Kinetic Characterization of a Putatively Chitin-Active LPMO Reveals a Preference for Soluble Substrates and Absence of Monooxygenase Activity. (cube-synergy.eu)
Molecular2
- 1] Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin-Dahlem D-14195, Germany [2] Section Phytomedicine, Department of Crop and Animal Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin-Dahlem D-14195, Germany. (helmholtz-hzi.de)
- However, n-alkanes - branched alkanes - low molecular weight aromatics - cyclic alkanes are the first to undergo biodegradation. (teamonebiotech.com)
Bacteria1
- Alkanes combine hydrogen and carbon atoms, and bacteria help degrade alkanes. (teamonebiotech.com)
Genes3
- The reactions from several genes from biobricks were used to transform alkanes in to fatty acids which enter the beta oxydation cycle. (igem.org)
- Expression of HMGR, MK, and PMK orthologs and growth in an optimized lignocellulosic hydrolysate medium increased the 1,8-cineole titer an additional tenfold to 1.4 g/L. Expression of the same mevalonate pathway genes did not have as large an impact on α-bisabolene production, although the final titer was higher at 2.6 g/L. Furthermore, mevalonate pathway intermediates accumulated in the mevalonate-engineered strains, suggesting room for further improvement. (biomedcentral.com)
- Quantification and cellular localization of expression in human skin of genes encoding flavin-containing monooxygenases and cytochromes P450. (aurametrix.com)
20201
- 2020 Nov 4;3(1):e10508. (aurametrix.com)
20214
- 2021 Jan 21;14(1):28. (cube-synergy.eu)
- 2021, 100(1), 62-66. (chrobokgroup.com)
- 2021 Oct 18:1-6. (aurametrix.com)
- 2021 Apr;5(Supplement_1):A313-4. (aurametrix.com)
Reduction1
- A number of C 15 sesquiterpenes such as α-bisabolene [ 3 ] and farnesene [ 4 ] can function as diesel fuels, following reduction to their respective alkanes by hydrogenation. (biomedcentral.com)
Activity1
- Up to concentrations of 10 millimolar (mM) the straight chain alkanes did not affect EtOPhase activity. (cdc.gov)
Type1
- Figure 1''' - Reaction taken from [http://biocyc.org/ECOLI/NEW-IMAGE?type=REACTION-IN-PATHWAY&object=NADH-DEHYDROG-A-RXN Ecocyc]]] The ''E. coli'' network from CellNetAnalyzer contains, glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, gluconeogenesis, anapleorotic routes, oxydative phosphorilization and biosynthesis pathways. (igem.org)
Link1
- Alkane degradation== To link alkanes to the existing network, the beta-oxidation was chosen as entry point. (igem.org)
Organic1
- Studies on kidney function in subjects exposed to organic solvents: 1. (cdc.gov)
Show1
- Monoterpenes such as pinene and 1,8-cineole show promise as potential precursors to renewable jet fuels [ 2 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Health1
- Environ Health 1: 199-218. (cdc.gov)
Volume1
- Volume 1. (cdc.gov)
Work1
- This work builds upon previous efforts to produce 1,8-cineole and α-bisabolene in the single-celled basidiomycete, Rhodosporidium toruloides . (biomedcentral.com)
Study1
- This study focuses on the optimization of production of the monoterpene 1,8-cineole and the sesquiterpene α-bisabolene in R. toruloides . (biomedcentral.com)
Fuel1
- More recently, representatives of the aviation industry announced plans to expand its scope to use in jet fuel, prompting an increased interest in microbial production of 1,8-cineole from lignocellulosic feedstocks [ 9 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
Degradation7
- In this study, one CrgA protein of Pseudomonas aeruginosa SJTD-1, a member of LysR family, was proved to regulate AlkB2 monooxygenase and the degradation of medium-to-long-chain n -alkanes (C 14 -C 20 ) by directly binding to the upstream of alkB 2 gene. (frontiersin.org)
- The work will promote the regulation mechanism study of n -alkane degradation in bacteria and help the bioremediation method development for petroleum pollution. (frontiersin.org)
- alkane hydroxylation catalyzed by monooxygenases/hydroxylases is considered as the first and critical step for n -alkane degradation in aerobic bacteria ( Rojo, 2009 ). (frontiersin.org)
- Thirteen genes in charge of the degradation of PAHs and alkanes had been determined, including 1 alkane 1-monooxygenase gene, 5 catechol 1,2-dioxygenase genes, 2 benzene 1,2-dioxygenase genes, and 5 naphthalene 1,2-dioxygenase genes. (chenglilab.org)
- The primary route of degradation for alkanes is to the alcohol. (europa.eu)
- Using gene specific primers successful amplification of alkB (alkane monooxygenase B) gene was obtained in the isolate PL12, confirming the presence of alkylphenol degradation metabolic pathway in the isolate PL12. (scitechnol.com)
- Mycobacterium austroafricanum IFP 2012, which grows on methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and on tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), the main intermediate of MTBE degradation, also grows on a broad range of n-alkanes (C2 to C16). (canada.ca)
AlkB3
- AlkB monooxygenases in bacteria are responsible for the hydroxylation of medium- and long-chain n -alkanes. (frontiersin.org)
- Almost no regulation of CrgA protein was observed to alkB 1 gene in vitro and in vivo . (frontiersin.org)
- A single alkB gene copy, encoding a non-heme alkane monooxygenase, was partially amplified from the genome of this bacterium. (canada.ca)
Gene1
- Taxonomic classification from unassembled reads using MetaPhlAn2 and Metaxa2 yielded improved resolution over the assembled 16S rRNA gene sequences (Fig. 1 ). (biomedcentral.com)
Oxidation2
- To link alkanes to the existing network, the beta-oxidation was chosen as entry point. (igem.org)
- Microbial monooxygenases differ in their vulnerability to inactivation by aliphatic n-alkynes, and we found that NH₃ oxidation by the marine thaumarchaeon Nitrosopumilus maritimus was unaffected. (oregonstate.edu)
Metabolism2
- The major difference between the metabolism under aerobic conditions of alkanes and isoalkanes relates to the impact of the branching on the rate of metabolism (Fritsche and Hofrichter, 2000). (europa.eu)
- These are the first Alphaproteobacteria methanotrophs discovered with this reduced functional redundancy for C-1 metabolism (i.e. sMMO only and XoxF only). (biomedcentral.com)
Microbial1
- Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis confirmed the microbial PAH transformation by the detection of PAH metabolites 1-hydroxypyrene and 7-hydroxybenzo( a )pyrene in colon digests of pyrene and benzo( a )pyrene. (nih.gov)
Fatty2
- They are composed of glycerol bound in ester linkage with 1 mole of phosphoric acid at the terminal 3-hydroxyl group and with 2 moles of fatty acids at the other two hydroxyl groups. (lookformedical.com)
- In higher plants, the microsomal oleate Δ12 -desaturase (fatty acid desaturase 2, FAD2) is a hydrophobic endoplasmic reticulum protein, catalyzing the reaction from monounsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) to polyunsaturated linoleic acid (C18:2) by introducing a double bond between the 12th and 13th carbon atoms of C18:1 [1]. (researchsquare.com)
REACTION2
- This reaction is shown in figure 1. (igem.org)
- Catalysis of the reaction: octane + reduced rubredoxin + O2 = 1-octanol + oxidized rubredoxin + H2O. (plant-scc.org)
Mycobacteria1
- Its expression was induced after growth on n-propane, n-hexane, n-hexadecane and on TBA but not after growth on LB. The capacity of other fast-growing mycobacteria to grow on n-alkanes (C1 to C16) and to degrade TBA after growth on n-alkanes was compared to that of M. austroafricanum IFP 2012. (canada.ca)
Pseudomonas1
- In contrast, strains expressing toluene monooxygenases (Burkholderia cepacia G4, Burkholderia pickettii PKO1, and Pseudomonas mendocina KR1) degraded 36 to 67% of the TCE over the same period. (nih.gov)
Biol1
- Expert Opin Environ Biol 7:1. (scitechnol.com)
Carbon2
- A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1. (lookformedical.com)
- Transcriptomic data delineate active members of the community and give insights that Acinetobacter species completely oxidize alkanes into carbon dioxide with the involvement of oxygen, and Archaeoglobus species mainly ferment alkanes to generate acetate which could be consumed by Methanosaeta species. (biomedcentral.com)
Degrade1
- The M. austroafricanum strains grew on a broad range of n-alkanes and three were able to degrade TBA after growth on propane, hexane and hexadecane. (canada.ca)
Hydrocarbons2
- The biosynthesis of hydrocarbons has provided a remarkable means of producing substitutes for petroleum-based fuels [ 1 ]. (biomedcentral.com)
- The stoichiometric ratio of oxygen per hydrocarbon is about 3 moles O 2 per 1 mole of hydrocarbons. (itrcweb.org)
Aeruginosa1
- Therefore, CrgA acted as a negative regulator for the medium-to-long-chain n -alkane utilization in P. aeruginosa SJTD-1. (frontiersin.org)
Concentrations2
- Up to concentrations of 10 millimolar (mM) the straight chain alkanes did not affect EtOPhase activity. (cdc.gov)
- Additional environmental and genetic factors result in a wide variation in the biomass with respect to the number of constituents and their concentrations [ 1 ]. (ebookreading.net)
Species1
- The metallocarbene species reacts with styrene with the apparent second-order kinetic constant of 28 mM-1 s-1 at 25 °C. Complementary theoretical studies support efficient carbene formation by the reconstituted protein that results from the strong ligand field of the porphycene and fewer intersystem crossing steps relative to the native protein. (ward-lab.ch)
Microbiology1
- 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109-0620, USA. (nih.gov)
Solvents1
- Studies on kidney function in subjects exposed to organic solvents: 1. (cdc.gov)
Mechanism1
- Breslow, who passed away three years ago, was a giant in the field of organic chemistry - a former president of the American Chemical Society, he was well known for his work on the mechanism of action of vitamin B 1 , aromaticity, remote functionalisation and the origins of homochirality on Earth. (chemistryworld.com)
Protein1
- Incubation of the Fe protein (Av2) for 1 h with stoichiometries of 4- and 8-fold molar excesses of NO to Av2 dimer resulted in a complete loss of. (oregonstate.edu)
Enzyme1
- The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2, is capable of converting alkanes ranging from C 15 to C 36 into their corresponding primary alcohols [1,2]. (enzyme-database.org)
20191
- The research is widely cited and places him is among the 1% most cited authors in Clarivate, Web of Science (Cross-Field)(2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021). (universiteitleiden.nl)
Chain1
- The BzOPhase mediated release of resorufin was inhibited by the straight chain alkanes with 6 to 11 carbons. (cdc.gov)
10.10161
- 10.1016/0960-8524(95)00055-1 [Mix Ref] 2. (chenglilab.org)
Step1
- An oxidative attack on the cis-1,4 double conds is the first step in the biodegradation process. (readabstracts.com)
Figure1
- Figure 1. (nih.gov)