Alcohol related disorders. Medical search

Alcohol Drinking: Behaviors associated with the ingesting of alcoholic beverages, including social drinking.Alcohols: Alkyl compounds containing a hydroxyl group. They are classified according to relation of the carbon atom: primary alcohols, R-CH2OH; secondary alcohols, R2-CHOH; tertiary alcohols, R3-COH. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)Alcoholism: A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)Mental Disorders: Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.Noonan Syndrome: A genetically heterogeneous, multifaceted disorder characterized by short stature, webbed neck, ptosis, skeletal malformations, hypertelorism, hormonal imbalance, CRYPTORCHIDISM, multiple cardiac abnormalities (most commonly including PULMONARY VALVE STENOSIS), and some degree of INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY. The phenotype bears similarities to that of TURNER SYNDROME that occurs only in females and has its basis in a 45, X karyotype abnormality. Noonan syndrome occurs in both males and females with a normal karyotype (46,XX and 46,XY). Mutations in a several genes (PTPN11, KRAS, SOS1, NF1 and RAF1) have been associated the the NS phenotype. Mutations in PTPN11 are the most common. LEOPARD SYNDROME, a disorder that has clinical features overlapping those of Noonan Syndrome, is also due to mutations in PTPN11. In addition, there is overlap with the syndrome called neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome due to mutations in NF1.Alcohol Dehydrogenase: A zinc-containing enzyme which oxidizes primary and secondary alcohols or hemiacetals in the presence of NAD. In alcoholic fermentation, it catalyzes the final step of reducing an aldehyde to an alcohol in the presence of NADH and hydrogen.LEOPARD Syndrome: An autosomal dominant disorder with an acronym of its seven features (LENTIGO; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM abnormalities; ocular HYPERTELORISM; PULMONARY STENOSIS; abnormal genitalia; retardation of growth; and DEAFNESS or SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS). This syndrome is caused by mutations of PTPN11 gene encoding the non-receptor PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE, type 11, and is an allelic to NOONAN SYNDROME. Features of LEOPARD syndrome overlap with those of NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 which is caused by mutations in the NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 GENES.Stress Disorders, Traumatic: Anxiety disorders manifested by the development of characteristic symptoms following a psychologically traumatic event that is outside the normal range of usual human experience. Symptoms include re-experiencing the traumatic event, increased arousal, and numbing of responsiveness to or reduced involvement with the external world. Traumatic stress disorders can be further classified by the time of onset and the duration of these symptoms.Bipolar Disorder: A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.Parasomnias: Movements or behaviors associated with sleep, sleep stages, or partial arousals from sleep that may impair sleep maintenance. Parasomnias are generally divided into four groups: arousal disorders, sleep-wake transition disorders, parasomnias of REM sleep, and nonspecific parasomnias. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p191)Ethanol: A clear, colorless liquid rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. It has bactericidal activity and is used often as a topical disinfectant. It is widely used as a solvent and preservative in pharmaceutical preparations as well as serving as the primary ingredient in ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Categorical classification of MENTAL DISORDERS based on criteria sets with defining features. It is produced by the American Psychiatric Association. (DSM-IV, page xxii)Masturbation: Sexual stimulation or gratification of the self.Schizophrenia: A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.Environmental Remediation: Removal of ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTANTS or contaminants for the general protection of the environment. This is accomplished by various chemical, biological, and bulk movement methods, in conjunction with ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING.Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute: A class of traumatic stress disorders that is characterized by the significant dissociative states seen immediately after overwhelming trauma. By definition it cannot last longer than 1 month, if it persists, a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC) is more appropriate.Psychotic Disorders: Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994)Anxiety Disorders: Persistent and disabling ANXIETY.Mood Disorders: Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension.Syndrome: A characteristic symptom complex.Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: An umbrella term used to describe a pattern of disabilities and abnormalities that result from fetal exposure to ETHANOL during pregnancy. It encompasses a phenotypic range that can vary greatly between individuals, but reliably includes one or more of the following: characteristic facial dysmorphism, FETAL GROWTH RETARDATION, central nervous system abnormalities, cognitive and/or behavioral dysfunction, BIRTH DEFECTS. The level of maternal alcohol consumption does not necessarily correlate directly with disease severity.Societies, Nursing: Societies whose membership is limited to nurses.Marfan Syndrome: An autosomal dominant disorder of CONNECTIVE TISSUE with abnormal features in the heart, the eye, and the skeleton. Cardiovascular manifestations include MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE, dilation of the AORTA, and aortic dissection. Other features include lens displacement (ectopia lentis), disproportioned long limbs and enlarged DURA MATER (dural ectasia). Marfan syndrome is associated with mutations in the gene encoding fibrillin, a major element of extracellular microfibrils of connective tissue.Autistic Disorder: A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V)alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES that plays a role in neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.Pachyonychia Congenita: A group of inherited ectodermal dysplasias whose most prominent clinical feature is hypertrophic nail dystrophy resulting in PACHYONYCHIA. Several specific subtypes of pachyonychia congenita have been associated with mutations in genes that encode KERATINS.Brain: The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM.Alcohol-Related Disorders: Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol.Frasier Syndrome: A syndrome characterized by CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE and GONADAL DYSGENESIS in phenotypic females with karyotype of 46,XY or female individual with a normal 46,XX karyotype. It is caused by donor splice-site mutations of Wilms tumor suppressor gene (GENES, WILMS TUMOR) on chromosome 11.Alcoholic Intoxication: An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.Abnormalities, Multiple Alcoholic Beverages: Drinkable liquids containing ETHANOL.Alcohol Oxidoreductases: A subclass of enzymes which includes all dehydrogenases acting on primary and secondary alcohols as well as hemiacetals. They are further classified according to the acceptor which can be NAD+ or NADP+ (subclass 1.1.1), cytochrome (1.1.2), oxygen (1.1.3), quinone (1.1.5), or another acceptor (1.1.99).Benzyl Alcohols: Alcohols derived from the aryl radical (C6H5CH2-) and defined by C6H5CHOH. The concept includes derivatives with any substituents on the benzene ring.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Psychiatric Status Rating Scales: Standardized procedures utilizing rating scales or interview schedules carried out by health personnel for evaluating the degree of mental illness.Substance-Related Disorders: Disorders related to substance abuse.Risk Factors: An aspect of personal behavior or lifestyle, environmental exposure, or inborn or inherited characteristic, which, on the basis of epidemiologic evidence, is known to be associated with a health-related condition considered important to prevent.Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive: A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS (supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth decade and disease progression occurs over several years. Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)Phenotype: The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.Kidney Diseases, Cystic: A heterogeneous group of hereditary and acquired disorders in which the KIDNEY contains one or more CYSTS unilaterally or bilaterally (KIDNEY, CYSTIC).Alzheimer Disease: A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)Schizophrenic Psychology: Study of mental processes and behavior of schizophrenics.Chernobyl Nuclear Accident: April 25th -26th, 1986 nuclear power accident that occurred at Chernobyl in the former USSR (Ukraine) located 80 miles north of Kiev.Cerebellar Diseases: Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.Depressive Disorder, Major: Marked depression appearing in the involution period and characterized by hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, and agitation.Parkinson Disease: A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)Central Nervous System Depressants: A very loosely defined group of drugs that tend to reduce the activity of the central nervous system. The major groups included here are ethyl alcohol, anesthetics, hypnotics and sedatives, narcotics, and tranquilizing agents (antipsychotics and antianxiety agents).Ectodermal Dysplasia: A group of hereditary disorders involving tissues and structures derived from the embryonic ectoderm. They are characterized by the presence of abnormalities at birth and involvement of both the epidermis and skin appendages. They are generally nonprogressive and diffuse. Various forms exist, including anhidrotic and hidrotic dysplasias, FOCAL DERMAL HYPOPLASIA, and aplasia cutis congenita.Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.Fatty Alcohols: Usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4 carbons, derived from natural fats and oils, including lauryl, stearyl, oleyl, and linoleyl alcohols. They are used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, detergents, plastics, and lube oils and in textile manufacture. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)Antipsychotic Agents: Agents that control agitated psychotic behavior, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. They are used in SCHIZOPHRENIA; senile dementia; transient psychosis following surgery; or MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; etc. These drugs are often referred to as neuroleptics alluding to the tendency to produce neurological side effects, but not all antipsychotics are likely to produce such effects. Many of these drugs may also be effective against nausea, emesis, and pruritus.Comorbidity: The presence of co-existing or additional diseases with reference to an initial diagnosis or with reference to the index condition that is the subject of study. Comorbidity may affect the ability of affected individuals to function and also their survival; it may be used as a prognostic indicator for length of hospital stay, cost factors, and outcome or survival.Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity: A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)Alcohol Deterrents: Substances interfering with the metabolism of ethyl alcohol, causing unpleasant side effects thought to discourage the drinking of alcoholic beverages. Alcohol deterrents are used in the treatment of alcoholism.Depressive Disorder: An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.Cognition Disorders: Disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.Polyvinyl Alcohol: A polymer prepared from polyvinyl acetates by replacement of the acetate groups with hydroxyl groups. It is used as a pharmaceutic aid and ophthalmic lubricant as well as in the manufacture of surface coatings artificial sponges, cosmetics, and other products.Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic: A class of traumatic stress disorders with symptoms that last more than one month. There are various forms of post-traumatic stress disorder, depending on the time of onset and the duration of these stress symptoms. In the acute form, the duration of the symptoms is between 1 to 3 months. In the chronic form, symptoms last more than 3 months. With delayed onset, symptoms develop more than 6 months after the traumatic event.Disease Models, Animal: Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.Prevalence: The total number of cases of a given disease in a specified population at a designated time. It is differentiated from INCIDENCE, which refers to the number of new cases in the population at a given time.Synucleins: A family of homologous proteins of low MOLECULAR WEIGHT that are predominately expressed in the BRAIN and that have been implicated in a variety of human diseases. They were originally isolated from CHOLINERGIC FIBERS of TORPEDO.Case-Control Studies: Studies which start with the identification of persons with a disease of interest and a control (comparison, referent) group without the disease. The relationship of an attribute to the disease is examined by comparing diseased and non-diseased persons with regard to the frequency or levels of the attribute in each group.Lewy Bodies: Intracytoplasmic, eosinophilic, round to elongated inclusions found in vacuoles of injured or fragmented neurons. The presence of Lewy bodies is the histological marker of the degenerative changes in LEWY BODY DISEASE and PARKINSON DISEASE but they may be seen in other neurological conditions. They are typically found in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but they are also seen in the basal forebrain, hypothalamic nuclei, and neocortex.Genetic Predisposition to Disease: A latent susceptibility to disease at the genetic level, which may be activated under certain conditions.Pedigree: The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.Phobic Disorders: Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable.Dementia: An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness.Psychometrics: Assessment of psychological variables by the application of mathematical procedures.Age Factors: Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time.Age of Onset: The age, developmental stage, or period of life at which a disease or the initial symptoms or manifestations of a disease appear in an individual.United States Child Development Disorders, Pervasive: Severe distortions in the development of many basic psychological functions that are not normal for any stage in development. These distortions are manifested in sustained social impairment, speech abnormalities, and peculiar motor movements.Cohort Studies: Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.Pregnancy: The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.Longitudinal Studies: Studies in which variables relating to an individual or group of individuals are assessed over a period of time.Neuropsychological Tests: Tests designed to assess neurological function associated with certain behaviors. They are used in diagnosing brain dysfunction or damage and central nervous system disorders or injury.Time Factors: Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.Temperance: Habitual moderation in the indulgence of a natural appetite, especially but not exclusively the consumption of alcohol.Severity of Illness Index: Levels within a diagnostic group which are established by various measurement criteria applied to the seriousness of a patient's disorder.Conduct Disorder: A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated. These behaviors include aggressive conduct that causes or threatens physical harm to other people or animals, nonaggressive conduct that causes property loss or damage, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. The onset is before age 18. (From DSM-IV, 1994)tau Proteins: Microtubule-associated proteins that are mainly expressed in neurons. Tau proteins constitute several isoforms and play an important role in the assembly of tubulin monomers into microtubules and in maintaining the cytoskeleton and axonal transport. Aggregation of specific sets of tau proteins in filamentous inclusions is the common feature of intraneuronal and glial fibrillar lesions (NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; NEUROPIL THREADS) in numerous neurodegenerative disorders (ALZHEIMER DISEASE; TAUOPATHIES).Analysis of Variance: A statistical technique that isolates and assesses the contributions of categorical independent variables to variation in the mean of a continuous dependent variable.Follow-Up Studies: Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease.Neurons: The basic cellular units of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the NERVOUS SYSTEM.Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium: An acute organic mental disorder induced by cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175)Questionnaires: Predetermined sets of questions used to collect data - clinical data, social status, occupational group, etc. The term is often applied to a self-completed survey instrument.Terminology as Topic: The terms, expressions, designations, or symbols used in a particular science, discipline, or specialized subject area.Mutation, Missense: A mutation in which a codon is mutated to one directing the incorporation of a different amino acid. This substitution may result in an inactive or unstable product. (From A Dictionary of Genetics, King & Stansfield, 5th ed)DNA Mutational Analysis: Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.Genotype: The genetic constitution of the individual, comprising the ALLELES present at each GENETIC LOCUS.Brain Diseases: Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.Amyloid beta-Peptides: Peptides generated from AMYLOID BETA-PEPTIDES PRECURSOR. An amyloid fibrillar form of these peptides is the major component of amyloid plaques found in individuals with Alzheimer's disease and in aged individuals with trisomy 21 (DOWN SYNDROME). The peptide is found predominantly in the nervous system, but there have been reports of its presence in non-neural tissue.Infant, Newborn: An infant during the first month after birth.Obesity: A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).Binge Drinking: Drinking an excessive amount of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES in a short period of time.Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Non-invasive method of demonstrating internal anatomy based on the principle that atomic nuclei in a strong magnetic field absorb pulses of radiofrequency energy and emit them as radiowaves which can be reconstructed into computerized images. The concept includes proton spin tomographic techniques.Tic Disorders: Disorders characterized by recurrent TICS that may interfere with speech and other activities. Tics are sudden, rapid, nonrhythmic, stereotyped motor movements or vocalizations which may be exacerbated by stress and are generally attenuated during absorbing activities. Tic disorders are distinguished from conditions which feature other types of abnormal movements that may accompany another another condition. (From DSM-IV, 1994)Nerve Tissue ProteinsMolecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Alcohol-Induced Disorders: Disorders stemming from the misuse and abuse of alcohol.Biological Markers: Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.Borderline Personality Disorder: A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)Propanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of PROPANOL (C3H7OH).Sex Factors: Maleness or femaleness as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from SEX CHARACTERISTICS, anatomical or physiological manifestations of sex, and from SEX DISTRIBUTION, the number of males and females in given circumstances.Autoantibodies: Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them.Somatoform Disorders: Disorders having the presence of physical symptoms that suggest a general medical condition but that are not fully explained by a another medical condition, by the direct effects of a substance, or by another mental disorder. The symptoms must cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other areas of functioning. In contrast to FACTITIOUS DISORDERS and MALINGERING, the physical symptoms are not under voluntary control. (APA, DSM-V)Mice, Transgenic: Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.Beer: An alcoholic beverage usually made from malted cereal grain (as barley), flavored with hops, and brewed by slow fermentation.Retrospective Studies: Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.Cross-Sectional Studies: Studies in which the presence or absence of disease or other health-related variables are determined in each member of the study population or in a representative sample at one particular time. This contrasts with LONGITUDINAL STUDIES which are followed over a period of time.Smoking: Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.Sleep Disorders: Conditions characterized by disturbances of usual sleep patterns or behaviors. Sleep disorders may be divided into three major categories: DYSSOMNIAS (i.e. disorders characterized by insomnia or hypersomnia), PARASOMNIAS (abnormal sleep behaviors), and sleep disorders secondary to medical or psychiatric disorders. (From Thorpy, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, p187)Multiple Myeloma: A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.Amino Alcohols: Compounds possessing both a hydroxyl (-OH) and an amino group (-NH2).Interview, Psychological: A directed conversation aimed at eliciting information for psychiatric diagnosis, evaluation, treatment planning, etc. The interview may be conducted by a social worker or psychologist.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Signal Transduction: The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.Students: Individuals enrolled in a school or formal educational program.Models, Biological: Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Impulse Control Disorders: Disorders whose essential features are the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the individual or to others. Individuals experience an increased sense of tension prior to the act and pleasure, gratification or release of tension at the time of committing the act.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Antisocial Personality Disorder: A personality disorder whose essential feature is a pervasive pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others that begins in childhood or early adolescence and continues into adulthood. The individual must be at least age 18 and must have a history of some symptoms of CONDUCT DISORDER before age 15. (From DSM-IV, 1994)Combat Disorders: Neurotic reactions to unusual, severe, or overwhelming military stress.Lymphoproliferative Disorders: Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry): The co-existence of a substance abuse disorder with a psychiatric disorder. The diagnostic principle is based on the fact that it has been found often that chemically dependent patients also have psychiatric problems of various degrees of severity.Mice, Inbred C57BL Gene Expression Regulation: Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.Universities: Educational institutions providing facilities for teaching and research and authorized to grant academic degrees.Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System: Acute and chronic neurologic disorders associated with the various neurologic effects of ETHANOL. Primary sites of injury include the brain and peripheral nerves.1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.Health Surveys: A systematic collection of factual data pertaining to health and disease in a human population within a given geographic area.Movement Disorders: Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.tert-Butyl Alcohol Membrane Proteins: Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.Mice, Knockout: Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Includes two similar disorders: oppositional defiant disorder and CONDUCT DISORDERS. Symptoms occurring in children with these disorders include: defiance of authority figures, angry outbursts, and other antisocial behaviors.Speech Disorders: Acquired or developmental conditions marked by an impaired ability to comprehend or generate spoken forms of language.Cells, Cultured: Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.Impulsive Behavior: An act performed without delay, reflection, voluntary direction or obvious control in response to a stimulus.Prospective Studies: Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.Social Environment: The aggregate of social and cultural institutions, forms, patterns, and processes that influence the life of an individual or community.Adolescent Behavior: Any observable response or action of an adolescent.Acetaldehyde: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of acetic acid, perfumes, and flavors. It is also an intermediate in the metabolism of alcohol. It has a general narcotic action and also causes irritation of mucous membranes. Large doses may cause death from respiratory paralysis.Immunohistochemistry: Histochemical localization of immunoreactive substances using labeled antibodies as reagents.Marijuana Abuse: The excessive use of marijuana with associated psychological symptoms and impairment in social or occupational functioning.Dysthymic Disorder: Chronically depressed mood that occurs for most of the day more days than not for at least 2 years. The required minimum duration in children to make this diagnosis is 1 year. During periods of depressed mood, at least 2 of the following additional symptoms are present: poor appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy or fatigue, low self esteem, poor concentration or difficulty making decisions, and feelings of hopelessness. (DSM-IV)Risk-Taking: Undertaking a task involving a challenge for achievement or a desirable goal in which there is a lack of certainty or a fear of failure. It may also include the exhibiting of certain behaviors whose outcomes may present a risk to the individual or to those associated with him or her.Substance Withdrawal Syndrome: Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.Logistic Models: Statistical models which describe the relationship between a qualitative dependent variable (that is, one which can take only certain discrete values, such as the presence or absence of a disease) and an independent variable. A common application is in epidemiology for estimating an individual's risk (probability of a disease) as a function of a given risk factor.Binge-Eating Disorder: A disorder associated with three or more of the following: eating until feeling uncomfortably full; eating large amounts of food when not physically hungry; eating much more rapidly than normal; eating alone due to embarrassment; feeling of disgust, DEPRESSION, or guilt after overeating. Criteria includes occurrence on average, at least 2 days a week for 6 months. The binge eating is not associated with the regular use of inappropriate compensatory behavior (i.e. purging, excessive exercise, etc.) and does not co-occur exclusively with BULIMIA NERVOSA or ANOREXIA NERVOSA. (From DSM-IV, 1994)Treatment Outcome: Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.Myeloproliferative Disorders: Conditions which cause proliferation of hemopoietically active tissue or of tissue which has embryonic hemopoietic potential. They all involve dysregulation of multipotent MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS, most often caused by a mutation in the JAK2 PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE.Motivation: Those factors which cause an organism to behave or act in either a goal-seeking or satisfying manner. They may be influenced by physiological drives or by external stimuli.Socioeconomic Factors: Social and economic factors that characterize the individual or group within the social structure.Dissociative Disorders: Sudden temporary alterations in the normally integrative functions of consciousness.Cell Line: Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.Anxiety: Feeling or emotion of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A variety of conditions affecting the anatomic and functional characteristics of the temporomandibular joint. Factors contributing to the complexity of temporomandibular diseases are its relation to dentition and mastication and the symptomatic effects in other areas which account for referred pain to the joint and the difficulties in applying traditional diagnostic procedures to temporomandibular joint pathology where tissue is rarely obtained and x-rays are often inadequate or nonspecific. Common diseases are developmental abnormalities, trauma, subluxation, luxation, arthritis, and neoplasia. (From Thoma's Oral Pathology, 6th ed, pp577-600)Child of Impaired Parents: Child with one or more parents afflicted by a physical or mental disorder.Behavior, Addictive: The observable, measurable, and often pathological activity of an organism that portrays its inability to overcome a habit resulting in an insatiable craving for a substance or for performing certain acts. The addictive behavior includes the emotional and physical overdependence on the object of habit in increasing amount or frequency.Depression: Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with major depression present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.Learning Disorders: Conditions characterized by a significant discrepancy between an individual's perceived level of intellect and their ability to acquire new language and other cognitive skills. These disorders may result from organic or psychological conditions. Relatively common subtypes include DYSLEXIA, DYSCALCULIA, and DYSGRAPHIA.Wine: Fermented juice of fresh grapes or of other fruit or plant products used as a beverage.Stress, Psychological: Stress wherein emotional factors predominate.Violence: Individual or group aggressive behavior which is socially non-acceptable, turbulent, and often destructive. It is precipitated by frustrations, hostility, prejudices, etc.Liver Diseases, Alcoholic: Liver diseases associated with ALCOHOLISM. It usually refers to the coexistence of two or more subentities, i.e., ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; and ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS.Conversion Disorder: A disorder whose predominant feature is a loss or alteration in physical functioning that suggests a physical disorder but that is actually a direct expression of a psychological conflict or need.Automobile Driving: The effect of environmental or physiological factors on the driver and driving ability. Included are driving fatigue, and the effect of drugs, disease, and physical disabilities on driving.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.): Component of the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH. It conducts research focused on improving the treatment and prevention of alcoholism and alcohol-related problems to reduce the health, social, and economic consequences of this disease. NIAAA, NIMH, and NIDA were created as coequal institutes within the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration in 1974. It was established within the NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTH in 1992.Butanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of butanol (C4H9OH).Aldehyde Dehydrogenase: An enzyme that oxidizes an aldehyde in the presence of NAD+ and water to an acid and NADH. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 1.1.1.70.Personality Assessment: The determination and evaluation of personality attributes by interviews, observations, tests, or scales. Articles concerning personality measurement are considered to be within scope of this term.Tobacco Use Disorder: Tobacco used to the detriment of a person's health or social functioning. Tobacco dependence is included.Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.Schizotypal Personality Disorder: A personality disorder in which there are oddities of thought (magical thinking, paranoid ideation, suspiciousness), perception (illusions, depersonalization), speech (digressive, vague, overelaborate), and behavior (inappropriate affect in social interactions, frequently social isolation) that are not severe enough to characterize schizophrenia.Cognitive Therapy: A direct form of psychotherapy based on the interpretation of situations (cognitive structure of experiences) that determine how an individual feels and behaves. It is based on the premise that cognition, the process of acquiring knowledge and forming beliefs, is a primary determinant of mood and behavior. The therapy uses behavioral and verbal techniques to identify and correct negative thinking that is at the root of the aberrant behavior.Affect: The feeling-tone accompaniment of an idea or mental representation. It is the most direct psychic derivative of instinct and the psychic representative of the various bodily changes by means of which instincts manifest themselves.Neurotic Disorders: Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment.Pentanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of pentanol (C5H11OH).Nervous System Diseases: Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.Hexanols: Isomeric forms and derivatives of hexanol (C6H11OH).Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures: A condition where seizures occur in association with ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes. Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174)RussiaPeer Group: Group composed of associates of same species, approximately the same age, and usually of similar rank or social status.Commerce: The interchange of goods or commodities, especially on a large scale, between different countries or between populations within the same country. It includes trade (the buying, selling, or exchanging of commodities, whether wholesale or retail) and business (the purchase and sale of goods to make a profit). (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed, p411, p2005 & p283)Antimanic Agents: Agents that are used to treat bipolar disorders or mania associated with other affective disorders.Models, Psychological: Theoretical representations that simulate psychological processes and/or social processes. These include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects: The consequences of exposing the FETUS in utero to certain factors, such as NUTRITION PHYSIOLOGICAL PHENOMENA; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; DRUGS; RADIATION; and other physical or chemical factors. These consequences are observed later in the offspring after BIRTH.Reproducibility of Results: The statistical reproducibility of measurements (often in a clinical context), including the testing of instrumentation or techniques to obtain reproducible results. The concept includes reproducibility of physiological measurements, which may be used to develop rules to assess probability or prognosis, or response to a stimulus; reproducibility of occurrence of a condition; and reproducibility of experimental results.Dose-Response Relationship, Drug: The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.Psychotherapy, Brief: Any form of psychotherapy designed to produce therapeutic change within a minimal amount of time, generally not more than 20 sessions.Affective Disorders, Psychotic: Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc.Personality Inventory: Check list, usually to be filled out by a person about himself, consisting of many statements about personal characteristics which the subject checks.Odds Ratio: The ratio of two odds. The exposure-odds ratio for case control data is the ratio of the odds in favor of exposure among cases to the odds in favor of exposure among noncases. The disease-odds ratio for a cohort or cross section is the ratio of the odds in favor of disease among the exposed to the odds in favor of disease among the unexposed. The prevalence-odds ratio refers to an odds ratio derived cross-sectionally from studies of prevalent cases.Sugar Alcohols: Polyhydric alcohols having no more than one hydroxy group attached to each carbon atom. They are formed by the reduction of the carbonyl group of a sugar to a hydroxyl group.(From Dorland, 28th ed)Street Drugs: Drugs obtained and often manufactured illegally for the subjective effects they are said to produce. They are often distributed in urban areas, but are also available in suburban and rural areas, and tend to be grossly impure and may cause unexpected toxicity.

Do alcohol and cocaine abuse alter the course of HIV-associated dementia complex? (1/893)

Although psychoactive drugs are commonly used by AIDS patients, it is unclear whether commonly abused drugs, such as cocaine and ethanol, affect the course of HIV-associated dementia (HADC). Epidemiological studies have resulted in conflicting conclusions as to what role, if any, abused drugs play in HADC. In this review we discuss the clinical and pathological evidence that cocaine and ethanol might exacerbate the detrimental effects of HIV infection on the brain. We also review studies of cocaine and ethanol effects on various components of the immune system both in the presence and absence of retroviral infection. Data from these studies indicate that cocaine and ethanol have profound effects on the immune system that, in many respects, are enhanced by retroviral infection. We conclude that abused drugs likely affect the course of HADC but that proof awaits an examination of their interactive effects in an appropriate in vivo system of retroviral encephalitis. (+info)

Regional cerebral glucose metabolism and blood flow in a patient with Marchiafava-Bignami disease. (2/893)

We report functional neuroimaging studies of a 54-year-old man with Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD). Glucose metabolic images obtained by [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography showed diffusely reduced whole brain metabolism and strongly decreased metabolism in the frontal and parietal lobes, orbital gyrus, and thalamus. Cerebral perfusion images showed a similarly decreased radioactivity pattern as the metabolic images. Functional neuroimages would be useful for understanding the pathophysiologic processes of MBD. (+info)

Identifying alcohol-related harm in young drinkers: the role of accident and emergency departments. (3/893)

Data are presented from a screening study of ambulant attendees at two London Accident and Emergency (A&E) departments. Among young people (aged 16-24 years), 37.2% were drinking harmfully [an Alcohol-Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score of 8 or more]; 17.3% admitted to drinking alcohol in the 6 h prior to attendance; and 14.6% considered that their attendance was alcohol related. Young women were as likely as men to score 8 or over. This age group had nearly twice the odds of scoring highly on the AUDIT, compared to those over 25 years old, and were more likely to report that their attendance was alcohol related. Screening in A&E departments would identify considerable numbers of young people who might benefit from brief intervention, but the problems of doing so are acknowledged. (+info)

Alcoholism in the elderly. (4/893)

Alcohol abuse and alcoholism are common but underrecognized problems among older adults. One third of older alcoholic persons develop a problem with alcohol in later life, while the other two thirds grow older with the medical and psychosocial sequelae of early-onset alcoholism. The common definitions of alcohol abuse and dependence may not apply as readily to older persons who have retired or have few social contacts. Screening instruments can be used by family physicians to identify older patients who have problems related to alcohol. The effects of alcohol may be increased in elderly patients because of pharmacologic changes associated with aging. Interactions between alcohol and drugs, prescription and over-the-counter, may also be more serious in elderly persons. Physiologic changes related to aging can alter the presentation of medical complications of alcoholism. Management of alcohol withdrawal in elderly persons should be closely supervised by a health care professional. Alcohol treatment programs with an elder-specific focus may improve outcomes in some patients. (+info)

Substance abuse and the kidney. (5/893)

Substance abuse has been increasing steadily in the UK and some other countries. Recent evidence suggests more than 40% of young people have tried illicit drugs at some time. There are numerous medical consequences to recreational drug use, and a physician should always consider substance abuse in any unexplained illness. The renal complications of drug abuse are also becoming more frequent, and may encompass a spectrum of glomerular, interstitial and vascular diseases. Although some substances are directly nephrotoxic, a number of other mechanisms are also involved. These effects are often chronic and irreversible, but occasionally acute with possible recovery. The rapid growth of illicit drug use is clearly a major public health problem. We review the commonly used substances of abuse and their associations with renal disease. (+info)

Early changes in left ventricular function in chronic asymptomatic alcoholics: relation to the duration of heavy drinking. (6/893)

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to assess preclinical cardiac abnormalities in chronic alcoholic patients and possible differences among alcoholics related to the duration of heavy drinking. BACKGROUND: Chronic excessive alcohol intake has been reported as a possible cause of dilated cardiomyopathy. However, before the appearance of severe cardiac dysfunction, subtle signs of cardiac abnormalities may be identified. METHODS: We studied 30 healthy subjects (age 44 +/- 8 years) and 89 asymptomatic alcoholics (age 45 +/- 8 years, p = NS) divided into three groups, with short (S, 5-9 years, n = 31), intermediate (I, 10-15 years, n = 31) and long (L, 16-28 years, n = 27) duration of alcoholism. Transmitral early (E) and late (A) Doppler flow velocities, E/A ratio, deceleration time of E (DT) and isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) were obtained. Left ventricular (LV) wall thickness and volumes were also determined by echocardiography, and LV mass and ejection fraction (EF) were calculated. RESULTS: The alcoholics had prolonged IVRT (92 +/- 11 vs. 83 +/- 7 ms, p < 0.001), longer DT (180 +/- 20 vs. 170 +/- 10 ms, p < 0.01), smaller E/A (1.25 +/- 0.34 vs. 1.40 +/- 0.32, p < 0.05), larger LV volumes (73 +/- 8 vs. 65 +/- 7 ml/m2, p < 0.001 for end-diastolic volume index; 25 +/- 4 vs. 21 +/- 2 ml/m2, p < 0.001 for end-systolic volume index), higher LV mass index (92 +/- 14 vs. 78 +/- 8 g/m2, p < 0.001) and thicker posterior wall (9 +/- 1 vs. 8 +/- 1 mm, p < 0.001). Ejection fraction did not differ between the two groups (66 +/- 4 vs. 67 +/- 2%). Deceleration time of the early transmitral flow velocity was longer in groups L (187 +/- 18 ms) and I (185 +/- 16 ms) compared with group S (168 +/- 17 ms, p < 0.001 for L and I vs. S), whereas A was higher in group L compared with S (43 +/- 10 vs. 51 +/- 10 cm/s, p < 0.005). Multiple regression analysis identified duration of heavy drinking as the most important variable affecting DT and A. CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular dilation with preserved EF and impaired LV relaxation characterized LV function in chronic asymptomatic alcoholic patients. It appeared that the progression of abnormalities in LV diastolic filling related to the duration of alcoholism. (+info)

The burden of alcohol misuse on an inner-city general hospital. (7/893)

Alcohol consumption in the UK has been increasing steadily. We prospectively studied the burden on hospital services caused by overt alcohol misuse, in an inner-city hospital in north-west England. All Accident & Emergency (A&E) patients were assessed to determine whether their hospital attendance was alcohol-related, and whether this resulted in admission and/or generated new out-patient appointments. Over 2 months, 1915 patients attended A&E with alcohol-related problems, accounting for 12% of attendances; 50% were aged 18-39 years, and acute alcohol intoxication was the commonest presenting complaint. Overall, 6.2% of all hospital admissions were due to alcohol-related problems. Over 2800 new out-patient visits were likely to have been generated over an 18-month period from initial attendance with an alcohol-related problem, mostly for orthopaedic clinics. The burden placed by overt alcohol-related problems on hospitals is enormous, both in terms of the emergency and out-patient services. The implementation of education, screening and intervention strategies in A&E departments, and employment of key trained personnel, should be considered, to optimize the clinical management of these patients. (+info)

Do drinking surveys predict changes in population-based alcohol problem indicators? (8/893)

We examined per capita alcohol consumption and survey-based measures of alcohol use in Ontario in relation to indicators of alcohol problems for the period 1977-1997. Per capita consumption and percentage of daily drinkers were significantly related to problem indicators, but percentage of drinkers and percentage of heavy drinkers were not. Of the measures we examined, per capita consumption was the strongest indicator of alcohol problems. (+info)

Alcohol and pregnancy

Alcohol use not only can result in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), but it can result in one or many other disorders and ... Not all infants exposed to alcohol in utero will have defects related to the alcohol consumption. Alcohol use during pregnancy ... Medicine portal Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder Smoking and pregnancy Long-term effects of alcohol consumption "Guidelines for ... Alcohol in pregnancy is the use of alcohol (also known formally as ethanol) during gestation. This also includes the time ...

DSM-5

"Sleep disorders related to another mental disorder, and sleep disorders related to a general medical condition" were deleted. ... bereavement disorder Caffeine use disorder Internet gaming disorder Neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol ... rather than disorders of early onset). A new chapter on obsessive-compulsive and related disorders includes four new disorders ... excoriation (skin-picking) disorder, hoarding disorder, substance-/medication-induced obsessive-compulsive and related disorder ...

Disease theory of alcoholism

Frequency and quantity of alcohol use are not related to the presence of the condition; that is, people can drink a great deal ... However, with recent advances in neuroscience, it is clear that dependence is as much a disorder of the brain as any other ... The craving that an alcoholic feels for alcohol can be as strong as the need for food or water. An alcoholic will continue to ... Harm_reduction#Alcohol Tina Rosenberg (April 26, 2016). "The shelter that gives wine to alcoholics Giving free booze to ...

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Sher KJ, Grekin ER, Williams NA (2005). "The development of alcohol use disorders". Annual Review of Clinical Psychology. 1: ... Differences in the sequences of ADH in different species have been used to create phylogenies showing how closely related ... Alcohol dehydrogenase is also involved in the toxicity of other types of alcohol: For instance, it oxidizes methanol to produce ... For example, young women are unable to process alcohol at the same rate as young men because they do not express the alcohol ...

Jane Aronson

Alcohol-Related Disorders and Children Adopted from Abroad. Richard P. Barth, Madelyn Freundlich, and David Brodzinsky. ... Alcohol-Related Birth Defects and International Adoption. International Adoption: Challenges and Opportunities. Parent Network ... Issues related to Human Immunodeficiency Virus transmission in schools, child care, medical setting, the home, and community. ... Adoption & Prenatal Alcohol Drug Exposure: Research, Policy, and Practice. Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute and Child ...

Colonia (United States)

Investigators hypothesize that these symptoms are directly related to alcohol use disorders. Their results showed that ... Mier, N., Ory, M. G., Zhan, D., Conkling, M., Sharkey, J. R., & Burdine, J. N. (2008). Health-related quality of life among ... For Mexican Americans born in the United States, 27% of women and 20% of men met the criteria for anxiety disorders. Mexican ... The research provides statistical data and analysis as well as a discussion about the importance of a health-related quality of ...

Healthcare in Germany

... followed by alcohol-related disorders and hernias. For women, the top diagnoses related to pregnancies, breast cancer, and ... Health-related margins are the fitness and spa facilities, assisted living, and health tourism. According to this basic idea an ... Germany introduced Diagnosis-Related Group activity-based payment for hospitals (with a soft cap budget limit) (Busse & Blümel ... contribution based on their salary if they are enrolled in the public subsystem whereas private insurers charge risk-related ...

Violent Crime Reduction Act 2006

Part 1 of the Act deals with alcohol-related violence and disorder. (ss. 1 to 27) Part 2 deals with weapons. (ss. 28 to 51) ... Part 3 deals with a miscellany: football disorder, sexual offences, anti-social behaviour, parenting orders, mobile phone ...

Pediatric neuropsychology

Acquired Neuropsychological Disorders Prenatal Substance Exposure (e.g., Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Alcohol Related ... In addition to assessing and treating children with medical disorders such as traumatic brain injury, brain tumors or epilepsy ... The neuropsychological evaluation is used to determine the pattern of brain-related strengths and weaknesses to understand the ... Gouvier, W. M. D., Baumeister, A., & Ijaola, K., (2009). Neuropsychological disorders of children. In J. L. Matson, F. Andrasik ...

Binge drinking

... alcohol-related birth defects as well as alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders. The affected children after birth can ... According to the NIAAA definition of "heavy drinkers", men may be at risk for alcohol-related problems if their alcohol ... see this related article). For the purpose of identifying an alcohol use disorder when assessing binge drinking, using a time ... are thought to cause a profound increase in the risk of developing an alcohol-related disorder (ICD-10, harmful use/dependence ...

Giovanni Gasbarrini

... alcohol-related disorders and genetic syndromes of the gastrointestinal tract, to name a few. Giovanni Gasbarrini contribution ... He is a pioneer of pathophysiological research in a variety of gastric, intestinal and liver disorders at an international ...

Designated Public Places Order

DPPOs are implemented by local councils in order to address alcohol-related crime and disorder in public places. As of June ... gave councils the power to do so where they were satisfied that areas were suffering from alcohol-related crime and disorder. A ... A number of local authorities have used DPPOs to successfully reduce alcohol-related anti-social behaviour (ASB), but have ... drinking and confiscate alcohol or containers of alcohol from people they believe are consuming or about to consume alcohol in ...

Policing and Crime Act 2009

... e all face a cost from alcohol-related disorder and I have a duty to crack down on irresponsible promotions that can fuel ... It amends the law on aviation security, alcohol misuse, proceeds of crime, extradition and gang related violence. The ... It was also announced there would be a ban on cheap alcohol promotions. Jacqui Smith told BBC News that she did not want to ... There are a number of changes regarding the way that the police deal with alcohol misuse. The Act amends the power that the ...

National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism

The laboratories and researchers housed within NIAAA seek to unravel the biological basis of alcohol use disorders and related ... and prevention of alcoholism and alcohol-related problems. The NIAAA functions both as a funding agency that supports research ... The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), as part of the U.S. National Institutes of Health, supports and ... by external research institutions and as a research institution itself, where alcohol research is carried out in‐house. It ...

Occupational rehabilitation

These CMDs may include anxiety disorders, alcohol dependence, addiction-related disorders, suicidal ideation, and depression A ... Many workers have an increased risk of developing common mental disorders (CMDs) in the workplace due to job stressors such as ... and employers to encourage a supportive work environment that empowers the worker to reach productivity and other work related ... evaluation of a problem solving intervention to prevent recurrent sickness absence in workers with common mental disorders". ...

Paranoid personality disorder

... obsessive-compulsive disorder or alcohol and substance-related disorders. Criteria for other personality disorder diagnoses are ... schizoid personality disorder schizotypal personality disorder narcissistic personality disorder avoidant personality disorder ... Psychology portal DSM-IV codes (personality disorders) ICD-10 codes (personality disorders) Delusional disorder Delusions of ... Paranoid personality disorder - International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision ...

Sterling Clarren

... alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder, static encephalopathy:alcohol exposed and penatal alcohol exposed. He was the ... "Fetal alcohol syndrome & fetal alcohol spectrum disorders." In: M.L. Wolrich. (ed.). Disorders of Development & Learning. ... "Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in the context of alcohol exposure in utero". In: P. Accardo, T.A. Blondis, B. Whitman ... Sterling K. Clarren is one of the world's leading researchers into Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), an umbrella term ...

Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test

"Screening for alcohol use and alcohol related problems". NIAAA Publications. Retrieved 23 September 2015. Bush, K; Kivlahan, DR ... The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) is a ten-question test developed by a World Health Organization-sponsored ... Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project (ACQUIP). Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test". Archives of Internal Medicine ... Alcoholism Substance abuse CAGE Questionnaire CRAFFT Screening Test Paddington Alcohol Test Severity of Alcohol Dependence ...

Nancy M. Petry

"National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions-III (NESARC-III) , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and ... "Disordered Gambling Among Racial and Ethnic Groups in the US: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and ... Petry has been involved analyzing data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions, a large-scale ... "Gambling Level and Psychiatric and Medical Disorders in Older Adults: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol ...

Nature Cure hospital, Hyderabad

Alcohol Addiction 8. Gynecology related problems including Menstrual Disorders. Also Hormonal Imbalance related Infertility. ... 1. Obesity 2. Disorders related to Spine - Arthritis, Osteo Arthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis 3. Gastroenteritis Related Diseases ... Pulmonary Disorders - Bronchitis, Bronchial Asthma, Sinusitis 11. Migraine Headaches - 12. Muscular Disorders - Fibromyalgia, ... This 184-bed hospital provides a holistic and natural way of healing to various kinds of disorders and diseases.[citation ...

Schizoaffective disorder

Alcohol-Related Psychosis at eMedicine Leweke FM, Koethe D (June 2008). "Cannabis and psychiatric disorders: it is not only ... About half of those with schizoaffective disorder use drugs or alcohol excessively. There is evidence that alcohol abuse via a ... Schizoaffective disorder is defined by mood disorder-free psychosis in the context of a long-term psychotic and mood disorder. ... Most patients diagnosed with DSM-IV schizoaffective disorder are later diagnosed with a different disorder, and that disorder ...

Massachusetts Council on Compulsive Gambling

... and co-morbidity of DSM-IV antisocial personality syndromes and alcohol and specific drug use disorders in the United States: ... Results from the e National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 2005; 66: ... Opioid use disorder (e.g., Oxycontin, morphine): 1.4% Cocaine use disorder: 2.8% Amphetamine use disorder (e.g., ... methamphetamine): 2% Antisocial personality disorder: 3.6% Obsessive-compulsive disorder: 1.6% Schizophrenic disorders: 0.6% ...

Alcohol (drug)

Yuan Liu; Walter A. Hunt (6 December 2012). The "Drunken" Synapse: Studies of Alcohol-Related Disorders. Springer Science & ... Alcohol use is directly related to considerable morbidity and mortality, for instance due to overdose and alcohol-related ... The leading chronic alcohol-related condition associated with death is alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol dependence is also ... Ethanol is also known chemically as alcohol, ethyl alcohol, or drinking alcohol. It is a simple alcohol with a molecular ...

Addiction psychology

... to psychologists whom demonstrated proficiency in the psychological treatment of alcohol and other substance-related disorders ... alcohol, and smoking. Process addictions relate to non-substance related behaviors such as gambling, spending, sexual activity ... Individualized drug counseling not only focuses on reducing or stopping illicit drug or alcohol use; it also addresses related ... Addictive behaviors include problematic use of alcohol, nicotine, and other drugs as well as disorders involving gambling, ...

Psychiatric history

The patient may have more than one problem and these may be related, such as posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol abuse or ... Many psychiatric disorders have a genetic component and the biological family history is thus relevant. Clinical experience ... Thus a patient who presents with clinical depression whose mother also suffered from the same disorder and responded well to ... Apart from the genetic factors, research has shown that illnesses in the parents such as depression and alcohol abuse are ...

Veterans benefits for post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States

... psychiatric disability compensation and rehabilitation policies for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), ... was a result of his or her abuse of alcohol or drugs." Matthew J. Friedman of the National Center for PTSD notes that: PTSD is ... "Mental Disorders (Other Than PTSD and Eating Disorders) Disability Benefits Questionnaire (VA Form 21-0960P-3, Oct 2012)" (PDF ... Note: The General Rating Formula for Mental Disorders appears immediately under 9440 Chronic adjustment disorder on the third ...

Stress in the aviation industry

A (2004). "Alcohol and Stress in the Military". Military Trauma and Stress Related Disorders. Mahon, Martin. J. (2005). " ... Professional pilots can experience stress in flight, on the ground during work-related activities, and during personal time ... Millions of veterans struggle with post-traumatic stress injuries, unhealthy coping strategies such as alcohol or substance ...

Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder and delirium in the general population | The British Journal of Psychiatry

Treatment and alcohol-related morbidity in AIPS. The time from onset of alcohol use disorder to first treatment contact for ... Alcohol has a central role in substance use disorders,1 and alcohol use disorders are associated with a considerable burden in ... Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder was diagnosed only if a primary psychotic disorder had been ruled out. In alcohol-induced ... The outcome of alcohol-induced psychotic disorder - a follow-up study of men with alcohol-induced psychotic disorder.] Tampere ...

http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/197/3/200

Alcoholic cardiomyopathy

Definition of Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, symptoms of Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, treatment of Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, and ... prevention of Alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Exams and Tests Alcoholic cardiomyopathy. ... Alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Definition. Alcoholic cardiomyopathy is a disorder in which excessive, habitual use of alcohol ... Medical dictionary Med-Terms.net is a searchable dictionary of medical terms from medicine and related fields. Search for ...

http://diseasereference.net/info/alcoholic-cardiomyopathy/206917.html

Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders | SpringerLink

... neuropsychiatric disorders and addiction. "Neural-Immune Interaction in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders" ... integrates emerging knowledge on neural-immune interactions with related key discoveries in alcohol research to provide a ... active researchers in the fields of neuroimmune research and alcohol use disorders. ... 1.National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and, Division of Neuroscience and BehaviorNIHBethesdaUSA ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4614-4729-0

Alcohol-related disorders | Medical Humanities

You can manage your cookie settings via your browser at any time. To learn more about how we use cookies, please see our cookies policy. ...

https://mh.bmj.com/collection/alcohol-related-disorders-0

Alcohol-related disorders | Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry

A REVIEW OF STRESS AND ENDOGENOUS OPIOID INTERACTION IN ALCOHOL ADDICTION E Emsley, R Lees, A Lingford-Hughes, D Nutt ... NEURAL CORRELATES OF WAITING IMPULSIVITY: A DIMENSIONAL APPROACH TO ALCOHOL MISUSE Laurel S Morris, Prantik Kundu, Kwangyeol ... EUNATRAEMIC HYPOKALAEMIC CENTRAL PONTINE MYELINOLYSIS IN AN ALCOHOLIC LADY WITH BULIMIA Emily Pegg, Rebecca Exley, Shuja ... Mild traumatic brain injury and epilepsy: alcohol misuse may underpin the association Killian A Welch, Christopher Derry ...

http://jnnp.bmj.com/taxonomy/term/3253

Alcohol-related disorders | Evidence-Based Nursing

Maternal alcohol-use disorder is associated with increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome and infant death from other ... Survey finds only 15% of emergency departments have formal alcohol screening and intervention policies for trauma patients ... A brief therapist-delivered intervention reduces self-reported aggression and alcohol consequences in adolescents who present ...

https://ebn.bmj.com/collection/alcohol-related-disorders

Alcohol and related disorders | Encyclopedia.com

... mood disorders (bipolar and major depression) and anxiety disorders. Source for information on Alcohol and related disorders: ... Long-term and uncontrollable harmful consumption can cause alcohol-related disorders that include: antisocial personality ... Definition Alcoholism is defined as alcohol seeking and consumption behavior that is harmful. ... Alcohol-related disorders are groups of disorders that can result in persons who are long-term users of alcohol. These ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/psychology/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/alcohol-and-related-disorders

Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders - - bøker(9781489995780) | Adlibris Bokhandel

Sendes innen 5‑7 virkedager.. Kjøp boken Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders av (ISBN ... Function and Alcohol Related Disorders focuses on neural-immune interactions in areas directly related to alcohol use disorders ... Neural-Immune Interactions in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders heftet, Engelsk, 2012 ... The close relevance of these topics to neural-immune interactions and alcohol use disorders warrants future discussion and more ...

https://www.adlibris.com/no/bok/neural-immune-interactions-in-brain-function-and-alcohol-related-disorders-9781489995780

Medicine for alcohol related disorders - What Does the Doctor Say?

Front on medicine for alcohol related disorders: Alcohol and drugs may cause a mood disorder. ... Alcohol blackouts: Get help to stop drinking alcohol. Blackouts from drinking alcohol are dangerous and a sign of alcohol abuse ... addictions to alcohol and other drugs are actually a metabolic disorder wherein the brain does not process alcohol or other ... Are drug-alcohol addictions a diagnosed mental illness? Is it a way of life that may involve disorders? ...

https://www.healthtap.com/topics/medicine-for-alcohol-related-disorders

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders | American Academy of Pediatrics

fetal alcohol syndrome • ARND = alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder • ARBD = alcohol-related birth defects. ... and the terms alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects have been proposed to identify ... Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from ... Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Committee on Substance Abuse and Committee on Children ...

https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/106/2/358?ijkey=842b0a14e03f7ed643b6bca3cc450b6e9a42e846&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Emergency Department Screening and Intervention for Patients With Alcohol-Related Disorders: A Pilot Study | The Journal of the...

For example, the Paddington Alcohol Test, also designed to screen patients for alcohol-related disorders in EDs, consists of ... Nor, to our knowledge, has an SBIR program previously been validated as a useful measure for alcohol-related disorders. The use ... Emergency Department Screening and Intervention for Patients With Alcohol-Related Disorders: A Pilot Study. The Journal of the ... Context: Physicians in emergency departments (EDs) treat more patients with alcohol-related disorders than do those in primary ...

https://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2093501

Alcohol Related Disorders | MEDCHROME

Manufacture: C6H12 O6 (sugar) ----zymase----, 2 CO2+ 2C 2 H 5 OH Metabolism of Alcohol: Alcohol is ... Home > Presentations > Alcohol Related Disorders. Alcohol Related Disorders. Editor December 9, 20092009-12-09T22:04:55+00:00 ... Alcoholic Seizures (Rum Fits):. *Generalized tonic clonic seizures occur in about 10% of alcohol dependence ptn. After 12- 48 ... Alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Abrupt cessation or rapid decrease in amount of alcohol consumption causes:. *Minor withdrawal ...

http://medchrome.com/downloads/presentations/alcohol-related-disorder/

Fenland pubs see significant drop in alcohol related crime and disorder - Peterborough Telegraph

Alcohol-related crime and disorder linked to the night-time economy in Fenland has dropped thanks to joint working by police ... Alcohol related disorder has fallen Published: 15:19 Tuesday 22 November 2016 ... Alcohol-related crime and disorder linked to the night-time economy in Fenland has dropped thanks to joint working by police ... To report alcohol-related crime or disorder, call police on 101 or Crimestoppers, anonymously, on 0800 555111. Information can ...

https://www.peterboroughtoday.co.uk/news/crime/fenland-pubs-see-significant-drop-in-alcohol-related-crime-and-disorder-1-7692296

Early Childhood Neurobehavioral Assessment for the Differential Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Alcohol-Related...

Early ChildhoodNeurobehavioral Assessmentfor theDifferential Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndromeand Alcohol-Related ... Neurodevelopmental Disorder Bethesda Marriott Hotel Bethesda, Maryland March 8-10, 2000 ... Differential Diagnosis of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. and Alcohol-Related Neurodevelopmental Disorder. Bethesda Marriott Hotel. ... "alcohol-related neurobehavioral disorder" (ARND) to refer to alcohol-exposed children displaying neurobehavioral effects in the ...

https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/about-niaaa/our-work/ICCFASD/proceedings/archived/march-2000

Most recent papers with the keyword alcohol related disorders and drug therapy and psychotherapy | Read by QxMD

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling trauma and stress-related disorder that may occur after a person ... Bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder represent a significant comorbid population, which is significantly worse than either ... Individuals with alcohol and/or drug use disorders often fail to receive care, or evidence-based care, yet the literature shows ... www.readbyqxmd.com/read/22983943/bipolar-disorder-and-alcohol-use-disorder-a-review ...

https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/74438

Frontiers | Therapeutic Prospects of Cannabidiol for Alcohol Use Disorder and Alcohol-Related Damages on the Liver and the...

By reducing alcohol-related processes of steatosis in the liver, and brain alcohol-related damage, CBD could improve both the ... By reducing alcohol-related processes of steatosis in the liver, and brain alcohol-related damage, CBD coul... ... Many experimental data suggest that CBD could have several types of application in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol- ... Moreover, CBD has been shown to reduce alcohol-related steatosis and fibrosis in the liver by reducing lipid accumulation, ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.00627/full

Related NICE quality standards | Alcohol-use disorders: diagnosis and management | Quality standards | NICE

Evidence-based statements to deliver quality improvements in the diagnosis and management of alcohol-use disorders in children ... Related NICE quality standards. Related NICE quality standards. * Alcohol: preventing harmful use in the community (2015) NICE ... Alcohol-use disorders: diagnosis and management. Quality standard [QS11]. Published date: August 2011. ... Quality statement 8: Medically assisted alcohol withdrawal - setting * Quality statement 9: Medically assisted alcohol ...

https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/qs11/chapter/related-nice-quality-standards

2017/18 ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code F10: Alcohol related disorders

Alcohol related disorders. 2016 2017 2018 Non-Billable/Non-Specific Code *F10 should not be used for reimbursement purposes as ... Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol. ... drug dependence and related mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10.--F19.-) ... drug dependence and related mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use (F10.- -F19.-) ...

http://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/F01-F99/F10-F19/F10-/F10

Patients with HCV, alcohol-use disorder had increased risk for liver-related mortality

... disorder had an increased risk for mortality by liver-related causes compared with those with an alcohol-use disorder, but not ... Patients with hepatitis C virus infection and alcohol-use ... alcohol-use disorder had increased risk for liver-related ... "HCV infection in patients with [alcohol-use disorder] is associated with an increased risk of overall and liver-related ... "HCV infection in patients with [alcohol-use disorder] is associated with an increased risk of overall and liver-related ...

https://www.healio.com/hepatology/hepatitis-c/news/online/%7B68b4fe79-78ce-4761-ba8a-47c6281d9902%7D/patients-with-hcv-alcohol-use-disorder-had-increased-risk-for-liver-related-mortality

Predictors and Costs of 30-Day Readmissions After Index Hospitalizations for Alcohol-Related Disorders in U.S. Adults<...

Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are the fourth leading cause of 30-day readmissions. Yet, there is a dearth of national-level ... Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are the fourth leading cause of 30-day readmissions. Yet, there is a dearth of national-level ... Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are the fourth leading cause of 30-day readmissions. Yet, there is a dearth of national-level ... Alcohol-related disorders (ARD) are the fourth leading cause of 30-day readmissions. Yet, there is a dearth of national-level ...

https://nebraska.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/predictors-and-costs-of-30-day-readmissions-after-index-hospitali

Pioglitazone for the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov

Alcohol-Related Disorders. Substance-Related Disorders. Chemically-Induced Disorders. Mental Disorders. Ethanol. Pioglitazone. ... Pioglitazone for the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder (PAUSE). The safety and scientific validity of this study is the ... Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) and heavy drinking are common among Veterans with 42.2% of Veterans having a life-time ... Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is common among Veterans but medication treatment is used infrequently and the impact of these ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03864146?term=Behaviors+and+Mental+Disorders%5BCONDITION-BROWSE-BRANCH%5D&recrs=abc&map_cntry=US&map_state=US%3AMN&fund=01&rank=9

Impact Of Alcohol Use And Related Disorders On HIV Continuum Of Care - IOGT International

Alcohol Harm Alcohol Industry Lobbyism alcohol marketing Alcohol Policy Alcohol Taxation Alcohol Use Disorder Alcohol Violence ... The Impact of Alcohol Use and Related Disorders on the HIV Continuum of Care: a Systematic Review. Alcohol and the HIV ... "The Impact of Alcohol Use and Related Disorders on the HIV Continuum of Care: A Systematic Review: Alcohol and the HIV ... Impact Of Alcohol Use And Related Disorders On HIV Continuum Of Care. Author. Panagiotis Vagenas, Marwan M. Azar, Michael M. ...

http://iogt.org/reports/impact-alcohol-use-related-disorders-hiv-continuum-care/

Items where Subject is "G Health and disease | Substance related disorder | Dual diagnosis (comorbidity)" - Drugs and Alcohol

Irish drugs and alcohol research, data, policy and sources of evidence on prevention, treatment, rehabilitation, crime and ... Drugs and Alcohol (18239)*G Health and disease (4501)*Substance related disorder (361)*Dual diagnosis (comorbidity) (152) ... Farren, Conor Kevin and Hill, Kevin P and Weiss, Roger D (2012) Bipolar disorder and alcohol use disorder: a review. Current ... a rapid review of experiences of living with alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD). London: Alcohol Change UK. 29 p. ...

https://www.drugsandalcohol.ie/view/subjects/GC12.html

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder-Is This a Ciliopathy? - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Fetal Diseases. Alcohol-Induced Disorders. Alcohol-Related Disorders. Ciliopathies. Disease. ... Genetics Home Reference related topics: Cranioectodermal dysplasia MedlinePlus related topics: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ... Substance-Related Disorders. Chemically-Induced Disorders. Abnormalities, Multiple. Congenital Abnormalities. Genetic Diseases ... Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder-Is This a Ciliopathy?. The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility ...

https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03802708?term=fetal+alcohol+children&rank=16

Liver | Encyclopedia.com

Alcohol-related liver disorders. Liver disorders related to alcohol include fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic ... Alcohol-related liver disorders. Liver disorders related to alcohol include fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic ... Fatty liver, the most common alcohol-related liver disorder, causes liver enlargement and abdominal discomfort. Swollen livers ... Fatty liver, the most common alcohol-related liver disorder, causes liver enlargement and abdominal discomfort. Swollen livers ...

https://www.encyclopedia.com/medicine/anatomy-and-physiology/anatomy-and-physiology/liver

antisocial personality disorder , mood disorders (bipolar and major depression) and anxiety disorders. (encyclopedia.com)
People with anxiety, depression, or bipolar disorder may consume alcohol for temporary relief from their symptoms. (encyclopedia.com)
Experimental studies find that CBD reduces the overall level of alcohol drinking in animal models of AUD by reducing ethanol intake, motivation for ethanol, relapse, anxiety, and impulsivity. (frontiersin.org)

More recently, alcohol exposure in utero has been linked to a variety of other neurodevelopmental problems, and the terms alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder and alcohol-related birth defects have been proposed to identify infants so affected. (aappublications.org)
6 The Institute of Medicine in 1996 issued a report proposing the terms alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) and alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD) to describe conditions in which there is a history of maternal alcohol exposure (defined as substantial regular intake or heavy episodic drinking) and an outcome validated by clinical or animal research to be associated with that exposure. (aappublications.org)
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) is an overarching phrase that encompasses a range of possible diagnoses, including fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), partial fetal alcohol syndrome, alcohol-related birth defects (ARBD), alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND), and neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE). (aappublications.org)

Alcohol dependence is a complex disorder that includes the social and interpersonal issues mentioned above, and also includes biological elements, as well. (encyclopedia.com)
Alcohol abuse is similar to dependence in that the use of alcohol is impairing the affected person's ability to achieve goals and fulfill responsibilities, and his or her interpersonal relationships are affected by the alcohol abuse. (encyclopedia.com)
However, unlike a person with dependence, a person diagnosed with alcohol abuse does not experience tolerance or, when not drinking, withdrawal symptoms. (encyclopedia.com)
Others, such as people with antisocial personality disorder, may use alcohol as part of a dual diagnosis of criminality and substance dependence. (encyclopedia.com)
People may drink to the point of dependence because of peer pressure, acceptance in a peer group , or because drinking is related to specific moods (easygoing, relaxed, calm, sociable) that are related to the formation of intimate relationships. (encyclopedia.com)

In 1973, a cluster of birth defects resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure was recognized as a clinical entity called fetal alcohol syndrome . (aappublications.org)
Alcohol use disorder represents a serious clinical, social and personal burden on its sufferers and a significant financial strain on society. (readbyqxmd.com)
AUD consists of several clinical criteria that include alcohol tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, craving, as well as medical and psychosocial consequences. (frontiersin.org)
Pioglitazone, a medication FDA approved for diabetes, has been shown in pre-clinical studies to reduce alcohol. (clinicaltrials.gov)
This systematic review, from 2010 through May 2015, found 53 clinical research papers examining the impact of alcohol use on each step of the HIV treatment cascade. (iogt.org)
Such integration has not yet included alcohol treatment within clinical care settings. (iogt.org)
Summary: This FOA issued by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute invites applications to obtain critical and necessary support in the planning and development of feasible and well designed multicenter clinical trials focused on rare hemostatic and thrombotic disorders. (nih.gov)
The Clinical Trials Development Resource for Hematologic Disorders (U24) (RFA-HL-12-016) will provide guidance to investigators on trial design, biostatistics, clinical trial management, and regulatory requirements during the funding period. (nih.gov)
FAS refers to a clinical diagnosis based on a specific constellation of physical, behavioral, and cognitive abnormalities resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). (aappublications.org)

7 This new terminology uses a pathophysiologic basis for the diagnostic categories to describe conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure ( Fig 1 ). (aappublications.org)
Neurocognitive and behavioral problems resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure are lifelong. (aappublications.org)

I've been diagnosed with major depressive disorder recurring and borderline personality disorder. (healthtap.com)
F32 Major depressive disorder, single episod. (icd10data.com)

Individuals were excluded if they had significant memory deficits, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or substantial travel constraints. (readbyqxmd.com)

These elements are related to tolerance and withdrawal, cognitive (thinking) problems that include craving, and behavioral abnormalities including the impaired ability to stop drinking. (encyclopedia.com)
withdrawal symptoms vary in type and severity depending on the substance, but alcohol withdrawal symptoms can include shaking, irritability, and nausea. (encyclopedia.com)
or use of the same (or a closely related) substance with the intention of relieving or avoiding withdrawal symptoms. (medchrome.com)

F19 Other psychoactive substance related dis. (icd10data.com)

Neural-Immune Interaction in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders" integrates emerging knowledge on neural-immune interactions with related key discoveries in alcohol research to provide a comprehensive overview of neuroimmune system in brain function and behavior associated with alcohol use disorders. (springer.com)
This book integrates emerging knowledge on neural-immune interactions with key discoveries in alcohol research and provides a comprehensive overview of neural-immune interactions in brain function and behavior associated with alcohol use disorders. (adlibris.com)

4 In addition, the ACEP has received an NHTSA grant to develop an alcohol-screening and brief intervention tool to help ED physicians address alcohol-related injuries. (jaoa.org)
Despite greater public awareness, improved terminology, and an accruing body of research, the lack of uniformly accepted diagnostic criteria for FAS and other related disorders has critically limited efforts to determine accurate prevalence figures, expand awareness and prevention campaigns, actuate early identification and intervention programs, and delineate the full continuum of alcohol-related conditions. (aappublications.org)

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling trauma and stress-related disorder that may occur after a person experiences a traumatic event, and evokes a combination of intrusion and avoidance symptoms, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and alterations in arousal and reactivity. (readbyqxmd.com)

Prenatal exposure to alcohol is one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, mental retardation, and neurodevelopmental disorders. (aappublications.org)
Prenatal exposure to alcohol can damage the developing fetus and is the leading preventable cause of birth defects and intellectual and neurodevelopmental disabilities. (aappublications.org)
In 1973, fetal alcohol syndrome was first described as a specific cluster of birth defects resulting from alcohol exposure in utero. (aappublications.org)
Alcohol-related birth defects and developmental disabilities are completely preventable when pregnant women abstain from alcohol use. (aappublications.org)
1 The US Surgeon General issued the first public health advisory in 1981 (reissued in 2005) that alcohol during pregnancy was a cause of birth defects. (aappublications.org)
2 , 3 In 1989, Congress mandated that alcohol product labels include a warning about potential birth defects. (aappublications.org)

Subsequently, research unequivocally revealed that prenatal alcohol exposure causes a broad range of adverse developmental effects. (aappublications.org)
Adoption & Prenatal Alcohol Drug Exposure: Research, Policy, and Practice. (wikipedia.org)

While Neural-Immune Interaction in Brain Function and Alcohol Related Disorders focuses on neural-immune interactions in areas directly related to alcohol use disorders, it is not intended to be all inclusive. (adlibris.com)

The lack of specificity and absence of definitive diagnostic criteria have made research and classification difficult, and a 1980 report from the Research Society on Alcohol suggested that fetal alcohol effects encompassed "any condition thought to be secondary to alcohol exposure in utero. (aappublications.org)

Thus, neural-immune interactions provide a new frame work for understanding the role of the neuroimmune system in normal brain function, neurodevelopment, and a variety of neurological disorders. (adlibris.com)
Summary: The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (NIDCD), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) invite new (type 1) and competitive renewal (type 2) applications for the Autism Centers of Excellence: Centers Program, hereafter termed ACE Centers. (nih.gov)

The close relevance of these topics to neural-immune interactions and alcohol use disorders warrants future discussion and more research efforts. (adlibris.com)

These data suggest that pioglitazone reduces the motivation to consume alcohol. (clinicaltrials.gov)

I know it depends on the drug(s) & amount of alcohol. (healthtap.com)
Tolerance:- need of increasing amount of alcohol to feel its effect. (medchrome.com)

F13 Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic relate. (icd10data.com)

Can alcohol or drugs interfere with recovery from a mood disorder? (healthtap.com)
Alcohol and drugs may cause a mood disorder. (healthtap.com)
However, addictions to alcohol and other drugs are actually a metabolic disorder wherein the brain does not process alcohol or other mood altering substances in a normal way. (healthtap.com)

Low attendance in psychotherapy, particularly among individuals with comorbid disorders, is a pervasive challenge. (readbyqxmd.com)

People who abuse alcohol can become dependent on the substance over time. (encyclopedia.com)

The substance disrupts brain operations, causing a number of psychiatric disorders . (drugrehab.com)

Family history heart disease,had heart echo I have diastolic dysfunction no drugs no alcohol or smoking what can I do to help it. (healthtap.com)
Of the patients with HCV, researchers found that 14.2% met standard criteria for alcohol-related liver disease . (healio.com)
Women may be more susceptible to alcohol-related liver problems than men, but the disease is common in both men and women. (drugrehab.com)
As part of the fiscal year 2002 appropriations legislation, Congress mandated that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) develop diagnostic guidelines for FAS and related disorders and integrate them broadly across medical and allied health professions' training curricula. (aappublications.org)
This block comprises a range of mental disorders grouped together on the basis of their having in common a demonstrable etiology in cerebral disease, brain injury, or other insult leading to cerebral dysfunction. (icd10data.com)
Explains the prevalence of this disease, details how alcohol damages the liver, medication interactions, and prospects for treatment. (dmoztools.net)

The present study examined predictors of treatment attendance in a sample of veterans with depression, substance use disorder, and trauma. (readbyqxmd.com)

Streissguth et al 5,8 traced the natural history of alcohol-affected children into adulthood and demonstrated the profound, pervasive, and persistent nature of the disorder. (aappublications.org)

The hallmarks of this disorder are addiction to alcohol, inability to stop drinking, and repeated interpersonal, school- or work-related problems that can be directly attributed to the use of alcohol. (encyclopedia.com)

These disorders can affect the person's metabolism, gastrointestinal tract, nervous system , bone marrow (the matter in bones that forms essential blood cells) and can cause endocrine (hormone) problems. (encyclopedia.com)

I have also developed a dependency on drugs /alcohol. (healthtap.com)
But stopping alcohol or drugs is deeper than taking a pill. (healthtap.com)
I used to abuse alcohol and drugs. (healthtap.com)
Do not use tobacco, alcohol, weed or street drugs in any form. (healthtap.com)
Results showed that, no significant differences were found in the rates of participation in the program or self-reported frequency of drug or alcohol use between the patients abusing "dappou drugs" or MAP. (readbyqxmd.com)

The Impact of Alcohol Use and Related Disorders on the HIV Continuum of Care: A Systematic Review: Alcohol and the HIV Continuum of Care. (iogt.org)
This systematic review examined the impact of alcohol use and AUDs on the HIV treatment cascade in recent years, as ART is being expanded to more patients. (iogt.org)

Alcohol use is prevalent globally with numerous adverse consequences to human health, including HIV progression, in people living with HIV (PLH). (iogt.org)

Biologically, repeated use of alcohol can impair the brain levels of a "pleasure" neurotransmitter called dopamine. (encyclopedia.com)
When a person is dependent on alcohol, his or her brain areas that produce dopamine become depleted and the individual can no longer enjoy the pleasures of everyday life - his or her brain chemistry is rearranged to depend on alcohol for transient euphoria (state of happiness). (encyclopedia.com)
Much experimental data suggest that CBD could be used for various purposes in alcohol use disorder (AUD) and alcohol-related damage on the brain and the liver. (frontiersin.org)
Finally, CBD reduces alcohol-related brain damage, preventing neuronal loss by its antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties. (frontiersin.org)
By reducing alcohol-related steatosis processes in the liver, and alcohol-related brain damage, CBD could improve both hepatic and neurocognitive outcomes in subjects with AUD, regardless of the individual's drinking trajectory. (frontiersin.org)
Alcohol moves through the brain, the heart and the kidneys. (drugrehab.com)
Alcohol can hijack brain circuits, making people crave the drug. (drugrehab.com)

Are drug-alcohol addictions a diagnosed mental illness? (healthtap.com)
SAMHSA has reported that approximately one in five, or 43.6 million, American adults have experienced some form of mental illness in the past year, and eight percent, or 20.2 million had a substance use disorder. (astho.org)
The authority for planning, monitoring, evaluating, and financing publicly funded treatment and prevention services for mental illness and alcohol and drug addiction in Washington County, Ohio. (dmoztools.net)

These advances have a far reaching impact on many areas of neuroscience, including alcohol research. (adlibris.com)

1 In addition, there are 66.9 alcohol-related diagnoses per 10,000 adults annually in the United States. (jaoa.org)