Albumins. Medical search

Water-soluble proteins found in egg whites, blood, lymph, and other tissues and fluids. They coagulate upon heating.

A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.

Serum albumin from cows, commonly used in in vitro biological studies. (From Stedman, 25th ed)

Normal human serum albumin mildly iodinated with radioactive iodine (131-I) which has a half-life of 8 days, and emits beta and gamma rays. It is used as a diagnostic aid in blood volume determination. (from Merck Index, 11th ed)

Cell surface proteins that bind albumin with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.

A gamma-emitting radionuclide imaging agent used for the diagnosis of diseases in many tissues, particularly in cardiovascular and cerebral circulation.

The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

A condition in which albumin level in blood (SERUM ALBUMIN) is below the normal range. Hypoalbuminemia may be due to decreased hepatic albumin synthesis, increased albumin catabolism, altered albumin distribution, or albumin loss through the urine (ALBUMINURIA).

A major class of water-soluble seed storage proteins. Many proteins from this class are major PLANT ALLERGENS.

Proteins that are present in blood serum, including SERUM ALBUMIN; BLOOD COAGULATION FACTORS; and many other types of proteins.

An indicator and reagent. It has been used in serum albumin determinations and as a pH indicator.

A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.

The property of blood capillary ENDOTHELIUM that allows for the selective exchange of substances between the blood and surrounding tissues and through membranous barriers such as the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER; BLOOD-AQUEOUS BARRIER; BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER; BLOOD-NERVE BARRIER; BLOOD-RETINAL BARRIER; and BLOOD-TESTIS BARRIER. Small lipid-soluble molecules such as carbon dioxide and oxygen move freely by diffusion. Water and water-soluble molecules cannot pass through the endothelial walls and are dependent on microscopic pores. These pores show narrow areas (TIGHT JUNCTIONS) which may limit large molecule movement.

A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.

Domesticated bovine animals of the genus Bos, usually kept on a farm or ranch and used for the production of meat or dairy products or for heavy labor.

The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.

The first alpha-globulins to appear in mammalian sera during FETAL DEVELOPMENT and the dominant serum proteins in early embryonic life.

Volume of PLASMA in the circulation. It is usually measured by INDICATOR DILUTION TECHNIQUES.

A process of selective diffusion through a membrane. It is usually used to separate low-molecular-weight solutes which diffuse through the membrane from the colloidal and high-molecular-weight solutes which do not. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

Electrophoresis applied to BLOOD PROTEINS.

Any liquid used to replace blood plasma, usually a saline solution, often with serum albumins, dextrans or other preparations. These substances do not enhance the oxygen- carrying capacity of blood, but merely replace the volume. They are also used to treat dehydration.

The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.

KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

An indicator and reagent. It has been used for several purposes including the determination of serum albumin concentrations

Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.

Chemical analysis based on the phenomenon whereby light, passing through a medium with dispersed particles of a different refractive index from that of the medium, is attenuated in intensity by scattering. In turbidimetry, the intensity of light transmitted through the medium, the unscattered light, is measured. In nephelometry, the intensity of the scattered light is measured, usually, but not necessarily, at right angles to the incident light beam.

Therapy for the insufficient cleansing of the BLOOD by the kidneys based on dialysis and including hemodialysis, PERITONEAL DIALYSIS, and HEMODIAFILTRATION.

An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states.

The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION.

The species Oryctolagus cuniculus, in the family Leporidae, order LAGOMORPHA. Rabbits are born in burrows, furless, and with eyes and ears closed. In contrast with HARES, rabbits have 22 chromosome pairs.

Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.

All blood proteins except albumin ( = SERUM ALBUMIN, which is not a globulin) and FIBRINOGEN (which is not in the serum). The serum globulins are subdivided into ALPHA-GLOBULINS; BETA-GLOBULINS; and GAMMA-GLOBULINS on the basis of their electrophoretic mobilities. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH = log 1/2[1/(H+)], where (H+) is the hydrogen ion concentration in gram equivalents per liter of solution. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)

Body organ that filters blood for the secretion of URINE and that regulates ion concentrations.

The separation of particles from a suspension by passage through a filter with very fine pores. In ultrafiltration the separation is accomplished by convective transport; in DIALYSIS separation relies instead upon differential diffusion. Ultrafiltration occurs naturally and is a laboratory procedure. Artificial ultrafiltration of the blood is referred to as HEMOFILTRATION or HEMODIAFILTRATION (if combined with HEMODIALYSIS).

A cluster of convoluted capillaries beginning at each nephric tubule in the kidney and held together by connective tissue.

Genetically identical individuals developed from brother and sister matings which have been carried out for twenty or more generations or by parent x offspring matings carried out with certain restrictions. This also includes animals with a long history of closed colony breeding.

Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.

Pathological conditions in the INTESTINES that are characterized by the gastrointestinal loss of serum proteins, including SERUM ALBUMIN; IMMUNOGLOBULINS; and at times LYMPHOCYTES. Severe condition can result in HYPOGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA or LYMPHOPENIA. Protein-losing enteropathies are associated with a number of diseases including INTESTINAL LYMPHANGIECTASIS; WHIPPLE'S DISEASE; and NEOPLASMS of the SMALL INTESTINE.

A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.

The lack of sufficient energy or protein to meet the body's metabolic demands, as a result of either an inadequate dietary intake of protein, intake of poor quality dietary protein, increased demands due to disease, or increased nutrient losses.

The adhesion of gases, liquids, or dissolved solids onto a surface. It includes adsorptive phenomena of bacteria and viruses onto surfaces as well. ABSORPTION into the substance may follow but not necessarily.

The major immunoglobulin isotype class in normal human serum. There are several isotype subclasses of IgG, for example, IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B.

Starches that have been chemically modified so that a percentage of OH groups are substituted with 2-hydroxyethyl ether groups.

Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.

State of the body in relation to the consumption and utilization of nutrients.

An amino sugar formed when glucose non-enzymatically reacts with the N-terminal amino group of proteins. The fructose moiety is derived from glucose by the "classical" Amadori rearrangement.

The volume of water filtered out of plasma through glomerular capillary walls into Bowman's capsules per unit of time. It is considered to be equivalent to INULIN clearance.

An LDL-RECEPTOR RELATED PROTEIN found in the neuroepithelium and in proximal tubular cells of the kidney. It is considered a multiligand receptor in that it binds to a variety of ligands with relatively high affinity and may function in mediating the uptake and lysosomal degradation of macromolecules such as: LIPOPROTEINS; ENDOPEPTIDASES; and PROTEASE INHIBITORS.

The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.

Measurement of the intensity and quality of fluorescence.

The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.

Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.

A group of fatty acids that contain 18 carbon atoms and a double bond at the omega 9 carbon.

Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.

The volume of packed RED BLOOD CELLS in a blood specimen. The volume is measured by centrifugation in a tube with graduated markings, or with automated blood cell counters. It is an indicator of erythrocyte status in disease. For example, ANEMIA shows a low value; POLYCYTHEMIA, a high value.

A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.

A condition in which total serum protein level is below the normal range. Hypoproteinemia can be caused by protein malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract, EDEMA, or PROTEINURIA.

Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.

A compound formed in the liver from ammonia produced by the deamination of amino acids. It is the principal end product of protein catabolism and constitutes about one half of the total urinary solids.

Classic quantitative assay for detection of antigen-antibody reactions using a radioactively labeled substance (radioligand) either directly or indirectly to measure the binding of the unlabeled substance to a specific antibody or other receptor system. Non-immunogenic substances (e.g., haptens) can be measured if coupled to larger carrier proteins (e.g., bovine gamma-globulin or human serum albumin) capable of inducing antibody formation.

The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.

Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Organic, monobasic acids derived from hydrocarbons by the equivalent of oxidation of a methyl group to an alcohol, aldehyde, and then acid. Fatty acids are saturated and unsaturated (FATTY ACIDS, UNSATURATED). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)

Liquid chromatographic techniques which feature high inlet pressures, high sensitivity, and high speed.

Treatment process involving the injection of fluid into an organ or tissue.

Products derived from the nonenzymatic reaction of GLUCOSE and PROTEINS in vivo that exhibit a yellow-brown pigmentation and an ability to participate in protein-protein cross-linking. These substances are involved in biological processes relating to protein turnover and it is believed that their excessive accumulation contributes to the chronic complications of DIABETES MELLITUS.

An examination of chemicals in the blood.

An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.

Unstable isotopes of iodine that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. I atoms with atomic weights 117-139, except I 127, are radioactive iodine isotopes.

Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.

Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.

The renal tubule portion that extends from the BOWMAN CAPSULE in the KIDNEY CORTEX into the KIDNEY MEDULLA. The proximal tubule consists of a convoluted proximal segment in the cortex, and a distal straight segment descending into the medulla where it forms the U-shaped LOOP OF HENLE.

Stable iodine atoms that have the same atomic number as the element iodine, but differ in atomic weight. I-127 is the only naturally occurring stable iodine isotope.

A technique that combines protein electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion. In this procedure proteins are first separated by gel electrophoresis (usually agarose), then made visible by immunodiffusion of specific antibodies. A distinct elliptical precipitin arc results for each protein detectable by the antisera.

Immunoglobulin molecules having a specific amino acid sequence by virtue of which they interact only with the ANTIGEN (or a very similar shape) that induced their synthesis in cells of the lymphoid series (especially PLASMA CELLS).

Dialysis fluid being introduced into and removed from the peritoneal cavity as either a continuous or an intermittent procedure.

Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity.

Chemicals and substances that impart color including soluble dyes and insoluble pigments. They are used in INKS; PAINTS; and as INDICATORS AND REAGENTS.

The oxygen-carrying proteins of ERYTHROCYTES. They are found in all vertebrates and some invertebrates. The number of globin subunits in the hemoglobin quaternary structure differs between species. Structures range from monomeric to a variety of multimeric arrangements.

Serum globulins that migrate to the gamma region (most positively charged) upon ELECTROPHORESIS. At one time, gamma-globulins came to be used as a synonym for immunoglobulins since most immunoglobulins are gamma globulins and conversely most gamma globulins are immunoglobulins. But since some immunoglobulins exhibit an alpha or beta electrophoretic mobility, that usage is in decline.

RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.

A procedure in which fluid is withdrawn from a body cavity or organ via a trocar and cannula, needle, or other hollow instrument.

Blood proteins that bind to THYROID HORMONES such as THYROXINE and transport them throughout the circulatory system.

A group of glucose polymers made by certain bacteria. Dextrans are used therapeutically as plasma volume expanders and anticoagulants. They are also commonly used in biological experimentation and in industry for a wide variety of purposes.

A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.

Globulins of milk obtained from the WHEY.

Property of membranes and other structures to permit passage of light, heat, gases, liquids, metabolites, and mineral ions.

Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.

An imbalanced nutritional status resulted from insufficient intake of nutrients to meet normal physiological requirement.

A technique using antibodies for identifying or quantifying a substance. Usually the substance being studied serves as antigen both in antibody production and in measurement of antibody by the test substance.

An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed)

Proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid, normally albumin and globulin present in the ratio of 8 to 1. Increases in protein levels are of diagnostic value in neurological diseases. (Brain and Bannister's Clinical Neurology, 7th ed, p221)

Experimentally induced tumors of the LIVER.

Serum proteins that have the most rapid migration during ELECTROPHORESIS. This subgroup of globulins is divided into faster and slower alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-globulins.

The interaction of two or more substrates or ligands with the same binding site. The displacement of one by the other is used in quantitative and selective affinity measurements.

Small uniformly-sized spherical particles, of micrometer dimensions, frequently labeled with radioisotopes or various reagents acting as tags or markers.

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27)

The main structural component of the LIVER. They are specialized EPITHELIAL CELLS that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules.

PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS.

Disorders caused by nutritional imbalance, either overnutrition or undernutrition.

Isolation of rat liver albumin messenger RNA. (1/2483)

Rat liver albumin messenger RNA has been purified to apparent homogeneity by means of polysome immunoprecipitation and poly(U)-Sepharose affinity chromatography. Specific polysomes synthesizing albumin were separated from total liver polysomes through a double antibody technique which allowed isolation of a specific immunoprecipitate. The albumin-polysome immunoprecipitate was dissolved in detergent and the polysomal RNA was separated from protein by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Albumin mRNA was then separated from ribosomal RNA by affinity chromatography through the binding of poly(U)-Sepharose to the polyadenylate 3' terminus of the mRNA. Pure albumin mRNA migrated as an 18 S peak on 85% formamide-containing linear sucrose gradients and as a 22 S peak on 2.5% polyacrylamide gels in sodium dodecyl sulfate. It coded for the translation of authentic liver albumin when added to a heterologous protein-synthesizing cell-free system derived from either rabbit reticulocyte lysates or wheat germ extracts. Translation analysis in reticulocyte lysates indicated that albumin polysomes were purified approximately 9-fold from total liver polysomes, and that albumin mRNA was purified approximately 74-fold from albumin polysomal RNA. The total translation product in the mRNA-dependent wheat germ system, upon addition of the pure mRNA, was identified as authentic albumin by means of gel electrophoresis and tryptic peptide chromatography. (+info)

Sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary dissection in breast cancer: results in a large series. (2/2483)

BACKGROUND: Axillary lymph node dissection is an established component of the surgical treatment of breast cancer, and is an important procedure in cancer staging; however, it is associated with unpleasant side effects. We have investigated a radioactive tracer-guided procedure that facilitates identification, removal, and pathologic examination of the sentinel lymph node (i.e., the lymph node first receiving lymphatic fluid from the area of the breast containing the tumor) to predict the status of the axilla and to assess the safety of foregoing axillary dissection if the sentinel lymph node shows no involvement. METHODS: We injected 5-10 MBq of 99mTc-labeled colloidal particles of human albumin peritumorally in 376 consecutive patients with breast cancer who were enrolled at the European Institute of Oncology during the period from March 1996 through March 1998. The sentinel lymph node in each case was visualized by lymphoscintigraphy, and its general location was marked on the overlying skin. During breast surgery, the sentinel lymph node was identified for removal by monitoring the acoustic signal from a hand-held gamma ray-detecting probe. Total axillary dissection was then carried out. The pathologic status of the sentinel lymph node was compared with that of the whole axilla. RESULTS: The sentinel lymph node was identified in 371 (98.7%) of the 376 patients and accurately predicted the state of the axilla in 359 (95.5%) of the patients, with 12 false-negative findings (6.7%; 95% confidence interval = 3.5%-11.4%) among a total of 180 patients with positive axillary lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS: Sentinel lymph node biopsy using a gamma ray-detecting probe allows staging of the axilla with high accuracy in patients with primary breast cancer. A randomized trial is necessary to determine whether axillary dissection may be avoided in those patients with an uninvolved sentinel lymph node. (+info)

"The FSGS factor:" enrichment and in vivo effect of activity from focal segmental glomerulosclerosis plasma. (3/2483)

A circulating causative factor has been postulated in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). It has been shown that serum or plasma from some FSGS increases glomerular albumin permeability (Palb) in vitro. Palb greater than 0.5 (i.e., FS activity) is associated with recurrence after transplantation. Specimens from 15 FSGS patients were studied to document the presence of a permeability factor, to isolate this factor, to characterize its biochemical properties, and to show its effect in vivo. Total lipids were extracted by chloroform/methanol (2: 1); FS activity was absent from total lipid extract. Chylomicrons and lipoproteins were removed from the plasma with dextran sulfate, followed by sequential precipitation of proteins at 50 and 70% ammonium sulfate saturation. FS activity was retained in the 70% ammonium sulfate supernatant and exhibited a 100-fold purification. FS activity was lost after heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min or after protease digestion. Under nondenaturing conditions, electrophoresis of the FSGS 70% supernatant showed a prominent low molecular weight band that was not evident in the 70% supernatant from normal plasma. Dialysis and centrifugation-based membrane ultrafiltration of the FSGS factor indicated a molecular size between 30 and 50 kD. Injection of the 70% FSGS supernatant into rats caused a threefold increase in urine protein in collections from 6 to 24 h after injection. No increase in proteinuria occurred in rats injected with 70% supernatant from normal individuals. It is concluded that the FSGS factor is a low molecular weight protein with the potential to increase Palb in vitro and to cause proteinuria in vivo. (+info)

Triacylglycerol biosynthesis in rat adipose-tissue homogenates. (4/2483)

The optimum cofactor requirements for triacylglycerol biosynthesis in rat adipose-tissue homogenates containing mitochondrial, microsomal and cytosolic fractions were investigated. In general the optimum concentrations of cofactors for triacylglycerol biosynthesis were found to differ from those for total fatty acid esterification. The results provided further evidence for the key role of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase in the regulation of triacylglycerol biosynthesis. Albumin was included in the incubation medium to permit the use of concentrations of added fatty acids that would swamp the effects of endogenous fatty acids. The addition of albumin had little effect on the incorporation of palmitic acid and stearic acid into lipids including triacylglycerols. By contrast, a critical concentration of albumin (about 60 muM) was required before incorporation of oleic acid or linoleic acid into triacylglycerols occurred. The system was used to study the incorporation of different 1-14C-labelled fatty acids from a mixture of unesterified fatty acids [palmitic acid 30%; stearic acid 10%; oleic acid 40%; linoleic acid 20% (molar percentages)] separately into the positions 1,2 and 3 of triacyl-sn-glycerols. In general the stereo-specific distribution of the labelled fatty acids incorporated into triacylglycerols paralleled the normal distribution of fatty acids within rat adipose-tissue triacylglycerols, suggesting that the specificities of the relevant acyltrasferases have the major role in determining the positional distribution of fatty acids within triacylglycerols. (+info)

von Willebrand factor contained in a high purity FVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) binds to platelet glycoproteins and supports platelet adhesion to subendothelium under flow conditions. (5/2483)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is evidence suggesting that von Willebrand factor (VWF) from high purity factor VIII concentrates could be of clinical use in the management of patients suffering from VWD. We analyzed structural and functional characteristics of VWF present in a high purity factor VIII concentrate VWFHPC (Fanhdi). The multimeric structure, the ability to bind to platelet GP Ib/IX or GP IIb/IIIa, and the capacity of VWFHPC to promote platelet adhesion on injured vessels were investigated and compared with that present in standard plasma cryoprecipitates [VWFCRYO]. DESIGN AND METHODS: Binding studies were carried out by incubating radiolabeled VWF and washed platelets, which were activated with either ristocetin (1 mg/mL; for GP Ib/IX), or thrombin (2.5 U/mL; for GP IIb/IIIa). Platelet adhesion was assessed in a perfusion system (shear rate = 800 s-1, 10 min) in which the source of VWF was added (at 0.4 or 0.8 U/mL VWF:Ag) to washed platelets and red cells suspended in a human albumin solution. The deposition of platelets onto the perfused subendothelial surface was morphometrically evaluated and expressed as percentage of surface coverage (%SC). RESULTS: The VWFHPC (152 Units VWF:RCof/mg protein; VWF:RCof/VWF:Ag = 0.97), lacked only a small proportion of high-molecular-weight multimers present in VWFCRYO. Binding affinities (Kd values, nM) of VWFHPC were similar to those of VWFCRYO (5.3 +/- 0.86 vs 5.2 +/- 0.95, for GP Ib/IX; and 11.6 +/- 2.7 vs 15.4 +/- 1.7 for GPIIb-IIIa). A slightly, though not significantly, higher binding capacity for these receptors (Bmax values, molecules/pit) was obtained for VWFHPC. The %SC in perfusions in the presence of albumin was < 10%. Addition of VWFHPC or VWFCRYO significantly increased the %SC, with values of 27.1 +/- 4.9 and 17.5 +/- 2.8%, respectively with 0.4 U/mL (p < 0.004 and p < 0.02 vs albumin); and 30.8 +/- 4.9% and 20.03 +/- 4.1%, respectively, at 0.8 U/mL (p < 0.001 and p < 0.02 vs albumin). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that VWF present in the high purity FVIII concentrate Fanhdi retains the functional capacity to bind to GPs Ib/IX and IIb/IIIa and to promote platelet adhesion onto exposed subendothelium. (+info)

Secretory cells of the peripheral pulmonary epithelium as targets for toxic agents. (6/2483)

The extracellular lining of the pulmonary peripheral airways is of vital importance to the lung. In this report, some aspects of the pulmonary extracellular lining and the epithelial cells believed to be responsible for its formation and secretion have been briefly reviewed. The influence of a number of toxic agents on the extracellular lining either directly or via those cells involved in its formation indicates that the extracellular lining may be important in understanding numerous toxic agent interactions with the lung. (+info)

Peritoneal clearance of leptin in CAPD patients: impact of local insulin administration. (7/2483)

INTRODUCTION: The ob gene product leptin is secreted by fat cells and the serum leptin levels reflects the body fat content. Markedly elevated serum leptin levels have been reported in patients with chronic renal failure. The aim of the present study was to assess if the dialysate leptin levels in peritoneal dialysate are similar to what can be expected from passive diffusion or if intraperitoneal synthesis of leptin may occur. METHODS: We studied 39 patients (20 males), mean age 54+/-12 years, who had been treated with peritoneal dialysis for 17+/-12 months. Ten of the patients were diabetics of which seven used intraperitoneal insulin. A 24-h collection of dialysate was performed and dialysate and fasting blood samples were analysed for leptin, albumin and beta2-microglobulin, and the peritoneal clearances (PCl) were calculated for these solutes. RESULTS: Serum leptin (mean 47+/-76, range 3-350 ng/ml) was related to body mass index (r=0.35, P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, serum leptin also correlated to serum TNF-alpha. Although dialysate leptin levels correlated to serum leptin, they were higher than expected from the molecular weight of 16 kD. PCl of leptin was 1.3 ml/min (range 0.2-5.9 ml/min), which was 1.6 times higher than expected from the molecular weight of leptin and PCl for albumin and beta2-microglobulin, not taking the protein binding of leptin into account. A strong correlation was found between PCI for albumin and beta2-microglobulin (r = 0.68, P < 0.0001) but neither PCl albumin, nor PCl beta2-microglobulin correlated to PCI leptin. The PCl of leptin was markedly higher in diabetics using intraperitoneal insulin (n = 7) compared to the other 32 patients (2.6+/-2.0 vs 1.1+/-0.7 ml/min, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Serum leptin is locally produced in the peritoneal cavity, and intraperitoneal insulin enhances local production of leptin. (+info)

The cytotoxicity of mafosfamide on G-CSF mobilized hematopoietic progenitors is reduced by SH groups of albumin--implications for further purging strategies. (8/2483)

The efficacy of mafosfamide purging depends on factors like incubation time, drug and erythrocyte concentration. To determine the influence of protein-bound SH groups in the incubation medium, the cytotoxicity of mafosfamide on G-CSF mobilized CD34+/- cells was evaluated by short-term culture assays and drug concentration measurements. 100 micromol/ml mafosfamide was incubated for 30 min in five buffers (PBS, PBS with 1%, 5% and 10% BSA and plasma). The mean calculated areas under the concentration-time curves (AUC) were 2489 +/- 198, 1561 +/- 286, 976 +/- 201, 585 +/- 62 and 605 +/- 196 micromol/l/min. The mean reductions of CFU-GM growth were 79.4%, 73.0%, 62.5%, 30.3%, 6.2% respectively. Similar results were obtained for BFU-E. Regression analysis showed a good correlation between cytotoxicity and AUCs (CFU-GM: r = 0.8195; BFU-E: r = 0.8207). This effect is well explained by the different concentrations of SH moieties in the incubation medium resulting in a higher drug binding capacity. The profound difference between AUCs and CFU-GMs in plasma and 10% BSA cannot be explained by the quantity of SH-groups. It is probably due to an additional enzymatic drug degeneration by the 3'-5'exonuclease subsite of plasma DNA polymerase. In conclusion, the concentration of albumin-associated SH groups strongly influences the cytotoxicity of mafosfamide. It has to be considered as a new and important aspect in ex vivo bone marrow purging. (+info)

Albuminuria is often associated with conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and kidney disease, as these conditions can damage the kidneys and cause albumin to leak into the urine. It is also a common finding in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD), as the damaged kidneys are unable to filter out the excess protein.

If left untreated, albuminuria can lead to complications such as kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and an increased risk of death. Treatment options for albuminuria include medications to lower blood pressure and control blood sugar levels, as well as dietary changes and lifestyle modifications. In severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary.

In summary, albuminuria is the presence of albumin in the urine, which can be an indicator of kidney damage or disease. It is often associated with conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, and can lead to complications if left untreated.

Hypoalbuminemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Liver disease: The liver is responsible for producing albumin, so any damage to the liver can lead to low levels of albumin in the blood.
2. Malnutrition: A diet that is deficient in protein can lead to low levels of albumin.
3. Kidney disease: The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products and excess fluids from the blood, and they also play a role in regulating albumin levels. Damage to the kidneys can lead to hypoalbuminemia.
4. Inflammation: Inflammation in the body can cause damage to the liver and kidneys, leading to low levels of albumin.
5. Cancer: Some types of cancer, such as liver cancer, can cause hypoalbuminemia by damaging the liver and disrupting the balance of fluids and electrolytes in the body.
6. Inherited disorders: Certain inherited disorders, such as nephrotic syndrome, can lead to hypoalbuminemia.
7. Medications: Certain medications, such as diuretics, can cause hypoalbuminemia by increasing urine production and leading to a loss of albumin in the urine.

Hypoalbuminemia can have serious consequences if left untreated, including fluid accumulation in the body (edema), increased risk of infection, and impaired wound healing. Treatment for hypoalbuminemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause, such as managing liver disease or kidney disease, correcting malnutrition, or treating inflammation with medications. In severe cases, albumin replacement therapy may be necessary to help maintain blood pressure and prevent fluid accumulation in the body.

Proteinuria is usually diagnosed by a urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/C ratio) or a 24-hour urine protein collection. The amount and duration of proteinuria can help distinguish between different underlying causes and predict prognosis.

Proteinuria can have significant clinical implications, as it is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, kidney damage, and malnutrition. Treatment of the underlying cause can help reduce or eliminate proteinuria.

There are several types of diabetic nephropathy, including:

1. Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis: This is the most common type of diabetic nephropathy and is characterized by an overgrowth of cells in the mesangium, a part of the glomerulus (the blood-filtering unit of the kidney).
2. Segmental sclerosis: This type of diabetic nephropathy involves the hardening of some parts of the glomeruli, leading to decreased kidney function.
3. Fibrotic glomerulopathy: This is a rare form of diabetic nephropathy that is characterized by the accumulation of fibrotic tissue in the glomeruli.
4. Membranous nephropathy: This type of diabetic nephropathy involves the deposition of immune complexes (antigen-antibody complexes) in the glomeruli, leading to inflammation and damage to the kidneys.
5. Minimal change disease: This is a rare form of diabetic nephropathy that is characterized by minimal changes in the glomeruli, but with significant loss of kidney function.

The symptoms of diabetic nephropathy can be non-specific and may include proteinuria (excess protein in the urine), hematuria (blood in the urine), and decreased kidney function. Diagnosis is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies such as ultrasound or CT scans.

Treatment for diabetic nephropathy typically involves managing blood sugar levels through lifestyle changes (such as diet and exercise) and medication, as well as controlling high blood pressure and other underlying conditions. In severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary. Early detection and management of diabetic nephropathy can help slow the progression of the disease and improve outcomes for patients with this condition.

A condition in which the kidneys gradually lose their function over time, leading to the accumulation of waste products in the body. Also known as chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Prevalence:

Chronic kidney failure affects approximately 20 million people worldwide and is a major public health concern. In the United States, it is estimated that 1 in 5 adults has CKD, with African Americans being disproportionately affected.

Causes:

The causes of chronic kidney failure are numerous and include:

1. Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can damage the kidneys over time.
2. Hypertension: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can cause damage to the blood vessels in the kidneys.
3. Glomerulonephritis: An inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys that filter waste and excess fluids from the blood.
4. Interstitial nephritis: Inflammation of the tissue between the kidney tubules.
5. Pyelonephritis: Infection of the kidneys, usually caused by bacteria or viruses.
6. Polycystic kidney disease: A genetic disorder that causes cysts to grow on the kidneys.
7. Obesity: Excess weight can increase blood pressure and strain on the kidneys.
8. Family history: A family history of kidney disease increases the risk of developing chronic kidney failure.

Symptoms:

Early stages of chronic kidney failure may not cause any symptoms, but as the disease progresses, symptoms can include:

1. Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak.
2. Swelling: In the legs, ankles, and feet.
3. Nausea and vomiting: Due to the buildup of waste products in the body.
4. Poor appetite: Loss of interest in food.
5. Difficulty concentrating: Cognitive impairment due to the buildup of waste products in the brain.
6. Shortness of breath: Due to fluid buildup in the lungs.
7. Pain: In the back, flank, or abdomen.
8. Urination changes: Decreased urine production, dark-colored urine, or blood in the urine.
9. Heart problems: Chronic kidney failure can increase the risk of heart disease and heart attack.

Diagnosis:

Chronic kidney failure is typically diagnosed based on a combination of physical examination findings, medical history, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. Laboratory tests may include:

1. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine: Waste products in the blood that increase with decreased kidney function.
2. Electrolyte levels: Imbalances in electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, and phosphorus can indicate kidney dysfunction.
3. Kidney function tests: Measurement of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) to determine the level of kidney function.
4. Urinalysis: Examination of urine for protein, blood, or white blood cells.

Imaging studies may include:

1. Ultrasound: To assess the size and shape of the kidneys, detect any blockages, and identify any other abnormalities.
2. Computed tomography (CT) scan: To provide detailed images of the kidneys and detect any obstructions or abscesses.
3. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): To evaluate the kidneys and detect any damage or scarring.

Treatment:

Treatment for chronic kidney failure depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the disease. The goals of treatment are to slow progression of the disease, manage symptoms, and improve quality of life. Treatment may include:

1. Medications: To control high blood pressure, lower cholesterol levels, reduce proteinuria, and manage anemia.
2. Diet: A healthy diet that limits protein intake, controls salt and water intake, and emphasizes low-fat dairy products, fruits, and vegetables.
3. Fluid management: Monitoring and control of fluid intake to prevent fluid buildup in the body.
4. Dialysis: A machine that filters waste products from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to do so.
5. Transplantation: A kidney transplant may be considered for some patients with advanced chronic kidney failure.

Complications:

Chronic kidney failure can lead to several complications, including:

1. Heart disease: High blood pressure and anemia can increase the risk of heart disease.
2. Anemia: A decrease in red blood cells can cause fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
3. Bone disease: A disorder that can lead to bone pain, weakness, and an increased risk of fractures.
4. Electrolyte imbalance: Imbalances of electrolytes such as potassium, phosphorus, and sodium can cause muscle weakness, heart arrhythmias, and other complications.
5. Infections: A decrease in immune function can increase the risk of infections.
6. Nutritional deficiencies: Poor appetite, nausea, and vomiting can lead to malnutrition and nutrient deficiencies.
7. Cardiovascular disease: High blood pressure, anemia, and other complications can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
8. Pain: Chronic kidney failure can cause pain, particularly in the back, flank, and abdomen.
9. Sleep disorders: Insomnia, sleep apnea, and restless leg syndrome are common complications.
10. Depression and anxiety: The emotional burden of chronic kidney failure can lead to depression and anxiety.

Examples of protein-losing enteropathies include:

1. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): This is a chronic condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract, leading to the loss of proteins and other nutrients.
2. Crohn's disease: A type of IBD that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus.
3. Ulcerative colitis: Another type of IBD that affects the colon and rectum.
4. Celiac disease: An autoimmune disorder that causes the immune system to react to gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, leading to inflammation and nutrient loss in the small intestine.
5. Microscopic colitis: A condition characterized by inflammation of the colon that is not visible to the naked eye, leading to diarrhea and protein loss.
6. Whipple's disease: A rare bacterial infection that can cause inflammation and damage to the small intestine, leading to protein loss and other symptoms.
7. Enteropathic T-cell lymphoma: A type of cancer that affects the small intestine and can cause protein loss and other symptoms.
8. Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGIDs): A group of conditions characterized by eosinophilia, or an excessive number of a certain type of white blood cell, in the digestive tract, leading to inflammation and protein loss. Examples include eosinophilic esophagitis and eosinophilic gastritis.

Protein-losing enteropathies can be diagnosed through a combination of endoscopy, biopsy, blood tests, and other diagnostic procedures. Treatment depends on the specific underlying cause of the condition, but may include medications to manage symptoms, nutritional support, and in some cases, surgery.

Causes and risk factors:

1. Poverty and lack of access to nutritious food
2. Poor sanitation and hygiene
3. Inadequate healthcare and nutritional education
4. Conflict and displacement
5. Chronic illnesses such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis

Symptoms:

1. Wasting and stunting of children
2. Poor appetite and weight loss
3. Fatigue, weakness, and lethargy
4. Increased susceptibility to infections
5. Poor wound healing and skin problems

Complications:

1. Stunted growth and development
2. Weakened immune system
3. Increased risk of infections and diseases such as diarrhea, pneumonia, and malaria
4. Poor cognitive development and reduced educational attainment
5. Increased risk of mortality

Diagnosis:

1. Clinical evaluation of symptoms and physical examination
2. Anthropometric measurements such as height and weight
3. Laboratory tests to assess nutrient deficiencies and infections
4. Dietary assessment to determine food intake and nutrient adequacy

Treatment and prevention:

1. Providing access to nutrient-dense foods, particularly protein-rich foods such as meat, poultry, fish, beans, and dairy products
2. Addressing underlying causes such as poverty and poor sanitation
3. Implementing nutritional education programs to promote healthy eating habits
4. Providing micronutrient supplements and fortified foods
5. Addressing infectious diseases and providing appropriate medical care

In conclusion, protein-energy malnutrition is a serious condition that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly in developing countries. It can have severe consequences on physical growth, cognitive development, and overall health. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term health problems and improve quality of life. Addressing underlying causes such as poverty and poor sanitation is also essential to prevent the condition from occurring in the first place.

The symptoms of hypoproteinemia can vary depending on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Some common symptoms include:

1. Weakness and fatigue
2. Loss of appetite
3. Nausea and vomiting
4. Diarrhea or constipation
5. Skin, hair, and nail problems
6. Increased risk of infections
7. Muscle wasting and loss of muscle mass
8. Poor wound healing
9. Hair loss
10. Edema (swelling)

If you suspect that you or someone you know may have hypoproteinemia, it is important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment. A healthcare provider will typically perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order blood tests to determine the levels of protein and other essential nutrients in the body.

Treatment of hypoproteinemia depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In cases where the condition is caused by malnutrition or dietary deficiencies, dietary modifications and supplements may be recommended. For example, a patient with hypoproteinemia due to malnutrition may need to consume more protein-rich foods, such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, dairy products, legumes, and nuts. In cases where the condition is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as liver or kidney disease, treatment may involve managing the underlying condition.

It is important to note that hypoproteinemia can lead to serious complications if left untreated, such as muscle wasting, poor wound healing, and increased risk of infections. Therefore, it is crucial to seek medical attention if you suspect that you or someone you know may have hypoproteinemia.

In summary, hypoproteinemia is a condition characterized by low levels of protein in the blood. It can be caused by various factors, such as malnutrition, liver or kidney disease, and other medical conditions. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause of the condition, and early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications. If you suspect that you or someone you know may have hypoproteinemia, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.

Types of Kidney Diseases:

1. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sudden and reversible loss of kidney function that can be caused by a variety of factors, such as injury, infection, or medication.
2. Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD): A gradual and irreversible loss of kidney function that can lead to end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
3. End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD): A severe and irreversible form of CKD that requires dialysis or a kidney transplant.
4. Glomerulonephritis: An inflammation of the glomeruli, the tiny blood vessels in the kidneys that filter waste products.
5. Interstitial Nephritis: An inflammation of the tissue between the tubules and blood vessels in the kidneys.
6. Kidney Stone Disease: A condition where small, hard mineral deposits form in the kidneys and can cause pain, bleeding, and other complications.
7. Pyelonephritis: An infection of the kidneys that can cause inflammation, damage to the tissues, and scarring.
8. Renal Cell Carcinoma: A type of cancer that originates in the cells of the kidney.
9. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS): A condition where the immune system attacks the platelets and red blood cells, leading to anemia, low platelet count, and damage to the kidneys.

Symptoms of Kidney Diseases:

1. Blood in urine or hematuria
2. Proteinuria (excess protein in urine)
3. Reduced kidney function or renal insufficiency
4. Swelling in the legs, ankles, and feet (edema)
5. Fatigue and weakness
6. Nausea and vomiting
7. Abdominal pain
8. Frequent urination or polyuria
9. Increased thirst and drinking (polydipsia)
10. Weight loss

Diagnosis of Kidney Diseases:

1. Physical examination
2. Medical history
3. Urinalysis (test of urine)
4. Blood tests (e.g., creatinine, urea, electrolytes)
5. Imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, CT scans, ultrasound)
6. Kidney biopsy
7. Other specialized tests (e.g., 24-hour urinary protein collection, kidney function tests)

Treatment of Kidney Diseases:

1. Medications (e.g., diuretics, blood pressure medication, antibiotics)
2. Diet and lifestyle changes (e.g., low salt intake, increased water intake, physical activity)
3. Dialysis (filtering waste products from the blood when the kidneys are not functioning properly)
4. Kidney transplantation ( replacing a diseased kidney with a healthy one)
5. Other specialized treatments (e.g., plasmapheresis, hemodialysis)

Prevention of Kidney Diseases:

1. Maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle
2. Monitoring blood pressure and blood sugar levels
3. Avoiding harmful substances (e.g., tobacco, excessive alcohol consumption)
4. Managing underlying medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, high blood pressure)
5. Getting regular check-ups and screenings

Early detection and treatment of kidney diseases can help prevent or slow the progression of the disease, reducing the risk of complications and improving quality of life. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of kidney diseases and seek medical attention if they are present.

Treatment options for ascites include medications to reduce fluid buildup, dietary restrictions, and insertion of a catheter to drain the fluid. In severe cases, a liver transplant may be necessary. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen over time.

Ascites is a serious condition that requires ongoing management and monitoring to prevent complications and improve quality of life.

1. Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM): This type of malnutrition is caused by a lack of protein and energy in the diet. It is common in developing countries and can lead to weight loss, weakness, and stunted growth in children.
2. Iron deficiency anemia: This type of malnutrition is caused by a lack of iron in the diet, which is necessary for the production of hemoglobin in red blood cells. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath.
3. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies: Malnutrition can also be caused by a lack of essential vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A, vitamin D, calcium, and iodine. Symptoms vary depending on the specific deficiency but can include skin problems, impaired immune function, and poor wound healing.
4. Obesity: This type of malnutrition is caused by consuming too many calories and not enough nutrients. It can lead to a range of health problems including diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease.

Signs and symptoms of malnutrition can include:

* Weight loss or weight gain
* Fatigue or weakness
* Poor wound healing
* Hair loss
* Skin problems
* Increased infections
* Poor appetite or overeating
* Digestive problems such as diarrhea or constipation
* Impaired immune function

Treatment for malnutrition depends on the underlying cause and may include:

* Dietary changes: Eating a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods can help to correct nutrient deficiencies.
* Nutritional supplements: In some cases, nutritional supplements such as vitamins or minerals may be recommended to help address specific deficiencies.
* Medical treatment: Certain medical conditions that contribute to malnutrition, such as digestive disorders or infections, may require treatment with medication or other interventions.

Prevention is key, and there are several steps you can take to help prevent malnutrition:

* Eat a balanced diet that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods.
* Avoid restrictive diets or fad diets that limit specific food groups.
* Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
* Avoid excessive alcohol consumption, which can interfere with nutrient absorption and lead to malnutrition.
* Maintain a healthy weight through a combination of a balanced diet and regular exercise.

It is important to note that malnutrition can be subtle and may not always be easily recognizable. If you suspect you or someone you know may be experiencing malnutrition, it is important to seek medical attention to receive an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Examples of experimental liver neoplasms include:

1. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): This is the most common type of primary liver cancer and can be induced experimentally by injecting carcinogens such as diethylnitrosamine (DEN) or dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) into the liver tissue of animals.
2. Cholangiocarcinoma: This type of cancer originates in the bile ducts within the liver and can be induced experimentally by injecting chemical carcinogens such as DEN or DMBA into the bile ducts of animals.
3. Hepatoblastoma: This is a rare type of liver cancer that primarily affects children and can be induced experimentally by administering chemotherapy drugs to newborn mice or rats.
4. Metastatic tumors: These are tumors that originate in other parts of the body and spread to the liver through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Experimental models of metastatic tumors can be studied by injecting cancer cells into the liver tissue of animals.

The study of experimental liver neoplasms is important for understanding the underlying mechanisms of liver cancer development and progression, as well as identifying potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this disease. Animal models can be used to test the efficacy of new drugs or therapies before they are tested in humans, which can help to accelerate the development of new treatments for liver cancer.

There are several types of blood protein disorders, including:

1. Hemophilia A: a deficiency of factor VIII, which is necessary for blood clotting.
2. Hemophilia B: a deficiency of factor IX, also involved in blood clotting.
3. Von Willebrand disease: a deficiency of von Willebrand factor, which helps to platelets stick together and form blood clots.
4. Protein C deficiency: a lack of protein C, an anticoagulant protein that helps to prevent blood clots.
5. Protein S deficiency: a lack of protein S, another anticoagulant protein that helps to prevent blood clots.
6. Antithrombin III deficiency: a lack of antithrombin III, a protein that prevents the formation of blood clots.
7. Fibrinogen deficiency: a lack of fibrinogen, a protein that is essential for blood clotting.
8. Dysproteinemia: an abnormal amount or type of proteins in the blood, which can lead to various symptoms and complications.

Symptoms of blood protein disorders can vary depending on the specific condition and the severity of the deficiency. Common symptoms include easy bruising or bleeding, frequent nosebleeds, prolonged bleeding after injuries or surgery, and joint pain or swelling.

Treatment for blood protein disorders typically involves replacing the missing protein or managing symptoms with medication or lifestyle changes. In some cases, gene therapy may be an option to correct the underlying genetic defect.

It's important for individuals with blood protein disorders to work closely with their healthcare provider to manage their condition and prevent complications such as joint damage, infections, and bleeding episodes.

Types of Nutrition Disorders:

1. Malnutrition: This occurs when the body does not receive enough nutrients to maintain proper bodily functions. Malnutrition can be caused by a lack of access to healthy food, digestive problems, or other underlying health issues.
2. Obesity: This is a condition where excess body fat accumulates to the point that it negatively affects health. Obesity can increase the risk of various diseases, such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain types of cancer.
3. Anorexia Nervosa: This is an eating disorder characterized by a fear of gaining weight or becoming obese. People with anorexia nervosa may restrict their food intake to an extreme degree, leading to malnutrition and other health problems.
4. Bulimia Nervosa: This is another eating disorder where individuals engage in binge eating followed by purging or other compensatory behaviors to rid the body of calories consumed. Bulimia nervosa can also lead to malnutrition and other health issues.
5. Diabetes Mellitus: This is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes, in particular, has been linked to poor dietary habits and a lack of physical activity.
6. Cardiovascular Disease: Poor dietary habits and a lack of physical activity can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, which includes heart disease and stroke.
7. Osteoporosis: A diet low in calcium and vitamin D can contribute to the development of osteoporosis, a condition characterized by brittle bones and an increased risk of fractures.
8. Gout: This is a type of arthritis caused by high levels of uric acid in the blood. A diet rich in purine-containing foods such as red meat, seafood, and certain grains can increase the risk of developing gout.
9. Dental Problems: Poor dietary habits, particularly a diet high in sugar, can contribute to dental problems such as cavities and gum disease.
10. Mental Health Disorders: Malnutrition and other health problems caused by poor dietary habits can also contribute to mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety.

In conclusion, poor dietary habits can have significant negative effects on an individual's overall health and well-being. It is essential to adopt healthy dietary habits such as consuming a balanced diet, limiting processed foods and sugars, and increasing physical activity to maintain good health and prevent chronic diseases.

... human serum albumin purification method) Serum albumin Bovine serum albumin Human serum albumin This article incorporates text ... Albumin is a family of globular proteins, the most common of which are the serum albumins. All the proteins of the albumin ... See § Other albumin types for lactalbumin, ovalbumin and plant "2S albumin". Albumins in general are transport proteins that ... Albumins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) The Albumin website Albumin binding prediction ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albumin

... (INN, BAN) (brand names Fecundin, Ovastim), also known as polyandroalbumin, as well as ovandrotone:human ... Indeed, ovandrotone albumin has been found to significantly increase luteinizing hormone levels throughout the estrous cycle in ... It is a conjugate of ovandrotone (androstenedione-7α-carboxyethylthioether) and human serum albumin. The drug was developed by ... Ovandrotone albumin produces transient immunity against androstenedione, and the generation of antibodies against ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovandrotone_albumin

... , often referred to simply as blood albumin, is an albumin (a type of globular protein) found in vertebrate blood ... Serum albumin is widely distributed in mammals. The human version is human serum albumin. Bovine serum albumin, or BSA, is ... Nephrotic syndrome patients are sometimes given albumin to replace the lost albumin. The general structure of albumin is ... Human serum albumin is encoded by the ALB gene. Other mammalian forms, such as bovine serum albumin, are chemically similar. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum_albumin

... is a measurement used to determine the levels of albumin in cerebrospinal fluid. A closely related test, CSF total ... It combines the albumin, IgG, and other proteins. It can be useful in distinguishing among causes of Meningitis. It is more ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSF_albumin

... (PA1b) is a hormone-like peptide found in the seeds of legumes such as the pea plant (Pisum sativum) or soya bean ( ... "Molecular Requirements for the Insecticidal Activity of the Plant Peptide Pea Albumin 1 Subunit b (PA1b)". Journal of ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albumin_I

The lost albumin can be detected by a simple urine test. Depending on the amount of albumin lost, a patient may have normal ... Human serum albumin is the serum albumin found in human blood. It is the most abundant protein in human blood plasma; it ... Human albumin may also be used in treatment of decompensated cirrhosis. Human serum albumin has been used as a component of a ... Human Albumin structure in the Protein data bank Human Serum Albumin Archived 2006-04-24 at the Wayback Machine on the Human ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_serum_albumin

The surfactant-albumin ratio is a test for assessing fetal lung maturity. The test, though no longer commercially available, ... Higher amounts of lecithin - in reference to albumin - is indicative of lung maturity (and thus survival of the baby). When ... the Standards of Laboratory Practice set the threshold for lung maturity at 55 mg of lecithin per gram of albumin. Liu KZ, Shaw ... and albumin in such a way that direct quantitative measurements of both substances could be attained. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surfactant–albumin_ratio

... , abbreviated RISA, is a marker used in identifying blood plasma via the dilution method in renal ... "Radioiodinated Albumin (Systemic)". Retrieved 23 December 2013. (Archived) Further reading Brocklehurst, G (1968). "Use of ... Hibbard, B. M. (1961). "Placental Localization Using Radio-Iodinated Serum Albumin (R.i.s.a.)1". BJOG: An International Journal ... "Comparison of the radioiodinated serum albumin (RISA) dilution technique with direct volumetric measurements in animal models ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioiodinated_serum_albumin

... (BSA or "Fraction V") is a serum albumin protein derived from cows. It is often used as a protein ... BSA is often used a model for other serum albumin proteins, especially human serum albumin, to which it is 76% structurally ... Acceptable daily intake Protein allergy Human serum albumin Serum albumin Majorek KA, Porebski PJ, Dayal A, Zimmerman MD, ... "Albumin from bovine serum" (PDF). Sigma-Aldrich. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 October 2013. Retrieved 5 July 2013. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_serum_albumin

Technetium 99mTc albumin aggregated (99mTc-MAA) is an injectable radiopharmaceutical used in nuclear medicine. It consists of a ... After being allowed to react at room temperature for 15 minutes to ensure maximum labeling of the human albumin with 99mTc, the ... No less than 90% of the radioactivity present in the product must be tagged to albumin particles. Thus, no more than 10% ... "Technetium tc 99m aggregated albumin kit: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 23 March 2020. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technetium_(99mTc)_albumin_aggregated

The formula is as follows: SAAG = (serum albumin) − (albumin level of ascitic fluid). Ideally, the two values should be ... concentrating the serum albumin. The albumin does not move across membrane spaces easily because it is a large molecule. A rare ... The serum-ascites albumin gradient or gap (SAAG) is a calculation used in medicine to help determine the cause of ascites. The ... which in turn forces water into the peritoneal cavity but leaves proteins such as albumin within the vasculature.[citation ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serum-ascites_albumin_gradient

Iodine-131 iodinated albumin (trade name Volumex) is used for the same purposes. Iodine (125I) human albumin is used to ... Iodine (125I) human albumin (trade name Jeanatope) is human serum albumin iodinated with iodine-125, typically injected to aid ... The biological half-life in normal individuals for iodine (125I) human albumin has been reported to be approximately 14 days. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine_(125I)_human_albumin

... (Albumin Transport Analysis test, ATA-test;) is an in vitro blood test ... "Albumin Transport Capacity Test" (PDF). www.albutran.by. Retrieved 2019-04-24. "In Vitro Method for Detection of the Presence ... The test is based on the interaction of spin-labeled fatty acids with serum albumin by means of EPR spectroscopy. A sample of ... A specific change to the conformation of albumin molecules that is associated with the growth of a malignant tumor is caused by ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albumin_transport_function_analysis_by_EPR_spectroscopy

... is highly plasma protein bound, 99% bound to albumin. Albumin is the most abundant protein found in human plasma ... "plasma albumin". TheFreeDictionary.com. Saunders. Retrieved 7 January 2018. de Vries HE, Kuiper J, de Boer AG, Van Berkel TJ, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zafirlukast

Rhian Daly (August 15, 2014). "Celebration - 'Albumin'". Nme.com. Retrieved April 29, 2018. T. Ballard Lesemann (October 24, ... Albumin - (August, 2014) Wounded Healer - (June, 2017) "Diamonds" - (December 5, 2005) "War" - (February 20, 2006) "New Skin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celebration_(2000s_band)

For example, this technique is used to investigate how fatty acids bind to serum albumin (a highly abundant blood protein), ... Berde CB, Hudson BS, Simoni RD, Sklar LA (January 1979). "Human serum albumin. Spectroscopic studies of binding and proximity ... which will compete for binding sites on serum albumin. α-Parinaric acid has been used to study the hydrophobicity and foaming ... binding to bovine serum albumin". Biochemistry. 16 (23): 5100-8. doi:10.1021/bi00642a024. PMID 911814. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Parinaric_acid

Poznansky, M. J. (1984). "Enzyme-albumin polymers. New approaches to the use of enzymes in medicine". Applied Biochemistry and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_replacement_therapy

album-in 1922. Molecular studies have shown that the current species concept for H. repandum needed revision as there was a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydnum_repandum

Albumin is a class of several hundred proteins. Albumen or albumin may also refer to: Serum albumin, a protein, encoded by the ... by the Egg Human serum albumin, the human variant Bovine serum albumin, the cow variant Endosperm, tissue produced in the seeds ... It contains albumin proteins. It is the scientific name for the white of a cooked egg. ... Look up albumen or albumin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Wikisource has the text of the 1921 Collier's Encyclopedia ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albumen_(disambiguation)

... (albumin sivuviitteet). Retroactive Records. 2006. Album at Metal Archives (CS1: long volume value, Use dmy dates ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Torment

Engineering of albumin-FcRn interactions has also generated albumin variants with increased in vivo half-lives. It has also ... Bern M, Sand KM, Nilsen J, Sandlie I, Andersen JT (August 2015). "The role of albumin receptors in regulation of albumin ... "Unraveling the Interaction between FcRn and Albumin: Opportunities for Design of Albumin-Based Therapeutics". Frontiers in ... FcRn has also been shown to play a role in regulating IgG and serum albumin turnover. Neonatal Fc receptor expression is up- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neonatal_Fc_receptor

IMA - Ischemic Modified Albumin. IMA can be used as an early biomarker for ischemic injury. Moreover, the amount of IMA in the ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_ischemia

"Noizy publikon albumin e ri 'Epoka'". Telegrafi (in Albanian). 3 April 2020. Archived from the original on 5 April 2020. ... "Noizy publikon albumin 'Epoka'". Sinjali (in Albanian). 3 April 2020. Archived from the original on 23 January 2021. Retrieved ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noizy

"Polydor schickt zweites No Angels-Album ins Rennen". Musikwoche (in German). Mediabiz. 14 June 2002. Retrieved 25 August 2013 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let's_Go_to_Bed_(No_Angels_song)

"Polydor schickt zweites No Angels-Album ins Rennen". MusikWoche (in German). Mediabiz. 14 June 2002. Retrieved 30 June 2020. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Now..._Us!

Hehk (2000). "Removal of Albumin Bound Drugs in Albumin Dialysis (MARS)- A New Liver Support System". J. Hepatol. Suppl. 2. 32 ... "Dialysis against a recycled albumin solution enables the removal of albumin-bound toxins". Artificial Organs. 17 (9): 809-13. ... Measuring levels of ammonia, urea, bilirubin, albumin, and AST over a 3-hour time period, they found a reduction in bilirubin, ... Sen, S; Ytrebø, LM; Rose, C; Fuskevaag, OM; Davies, NA; Nedredal, GI; Williams, R; Revhaug, A; Jalan, R (Mar 2004). "Albumin ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_support_system

"Human albumin". Drug Information Portal. U.S. National Library of Medicine. "Paclitaxel". Drug Information Portal. U.S. ... In this formulation, paclitaxel is bonded to albumin as a delivery vehicle. It is manufactured and sold in the United States by ... Miele E, Spinelli GP, Miele E, Tomao F, Tomao S (2009). "Albumin-bound formulation of paclitaxel (Abraxane ABI-007) in the ... "Paclitaxel Albumin-stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation". National Cancer Institute Drug Information. 2006. "Abraxane". Orpha ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein-bound_paclitaxel

Loren Pickart isolated the copper peptide GHK-Cu from human plasma albumin in 1973. It was noticed that liver tissue obtained ... Pilgeram, L (2010). "Control of fibrinogen biosynthesis; role of FFA/Albumin Ratio". Cardiovascular Engineering. 10 (2): 78-83 ... albumin binding constant log 10 =16.2 vs. GHK binding constant 16 log 10 =16.44). It has been established that copper (II) ... Pickart proposed that this activity in human plasma albumin was a tripeptide glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine and that it might ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_peptide_GHK-Cu

SGA is bound to albumin. It does not bind to sex hormone-binding globulin. Segesterone, the deacetylated form of SGA, is a ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segesterone_acetate

"SlowHill julkaisee uuden albumin Muzak". Findance. June 22, 2010. "Discography of SlowHill". All Music. Retrieved November 23, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapani_Rinne

Dipstick test for albumin. A dipstick test performed on a urine sample can detect the presence of albumin in the urine. For the ... Albumin is a protein found in the blood. A healthy kidney doesnt let albumin pass from the blood into the urine. A damaged ... Albumin and creatinine measurement. A health care provider uses this measurement to determine the ratio between the albumin and ... A healthy kidney doesnt let albumin pass into the urine. A damaged kidney lets some albumin pass into the urine.. More ...

https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/chronic-kidney-disease-ckd/tests-diagnosis/albuminuria-albumin-urine

A serum albumin test measures the amount of this protein in the clear liquid portion of the blood. ... Albumin is a protein made by the liver. ... Albumin is a protein made by the liver. A serum albumin test ... Decreased blood albumin may occur when your body does not get or absorb enough nutrients, such as with:. *After weight-loss ... Albumin helps move many small molecules through the blood, including bilirubin, calcium, progesterone, and some medicines. It ...

https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003480.htm

Notice to Readers Bacterial Sepsis Associated with Receipt of Albumin The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has designated as ... albumin, 5% {human}, U.S.P.) also have been recalled as a precaution because of the potential for contamination due to similar ... a recall of Centeon Albumin, 25% (Human), U.S.P., Albuminar{Registered}-25 (manufactured by Centeon L.L.C., King of Prussia, ...

https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00044008.htm

Could albumin values provide an accurate estimate of short-term healing capability in diabetic foot ulcers? ... Monthly changes in albumin correlated poorly with wound healing (r = 0.144, P = .240), and large negative albumin trends (,0.5 ... Conclusion: Albumins utility as a bioindicator of short-term healing capability is limited to below-normal values. ... Examining Albumin as a Bioindicator of Healing Capability in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers. A Retrospective Review. ...

http://www.medscape.com/s/viewarticle/995498

Discusses a test that checks urine for a protein called albumin. Covers possible kidney damage and diabetes. Explains how test ... An albumin test checks urine for a protein called albumin. Albumin is normally found in the blood and filtered by the kidneys. ... If early kidney damage is not treated, larger amounts of albumin may leak into the urine. When the kidneys spill albumin, it ... An albumin urine test can be done on a sample of urine that is collected:. *At a random time. This is usually after the first ...

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/tests-treatments-medications/medical-tests/albumin-urine-test

Albumin Human (UNII: ZIF514RVZR) (Albumin Human - UNII:ZIF514RVZR) Albumin Human. 0.05 g in 1 mL. ... Albumin is distributed throughout the extracellular space and more than 60% of the body albumin pool is located in the ... 0.08 mmol/g albumin) and acetyltryptophanate (0.08 mmol/g albumin) but does not contain any preservative. ... ALBUMINEX- albumin human solution. To receive this label RSS feed. Copy the URL below and paste it into your RSS Reader ...

https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?searchdb=rxcui&query=2054221

URXUMS - Albumin, urine (mg/L). Variable Name: URXUMS SAS Label: Albumin, urine (mg/L). English Text: Albumin, urine (mg/L). ... URXUMA - Albumin, urine (ug/mL). Variable Name: URXUMA SAS Label: Albumin, urine (ug/mL). English Text: Albumin, urine (ug/mL) ... URDACT - Albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g). Variable Name: URDACT SAS Label: Albumin creatinine ratio (mg/g). English Text: ... URDACT, the urine albumin/creatinine ratio was created in this data file:. The random urine albumin (URXUMA) in ug/mL and urine ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2011-2012/ALB_CR_G.htm

URXUMS - Albumin, urine (mg/L). Variable Name: URXUMS. SAS Label: Albumin, urine (mg/L). English Text: Albumin, urine (mg/L). ... URXUMA - Albumin, urine (ug/mL). Variable Name: URXUMA. SAS Label: Albumin, urine (ug/mL). English Text: Albumin, urine (ug/mL) ... URXUMA2 - Second albumin (ug/mL). Variable Name: URXUMA2. SAS Label: Second albumin (ug/mL). English Text: Second albumin (ug/ ... Second albumin, urine (mg/L). English Text: Second albumin, urine (mg/L). Target: Both males and females 6 YEARS - 150 YEARS. ...

https://wwwn.cdc.gov/Nchs/Nhanes/2009-2010/ALB_CR_F.htm

Some degradation of the albumin may occur during treatment. ... Some degradation of the albumin may occur during treatment. The ...

https://www.worthington-biochem.com/products/albumin-nuclease-free

https://www.stlukesonline.org/health-services/health-information/healthwise/2017/06/27/13/26/albumin-urine-test

Paclitaxel (with albumin) Injection ... allergic to paclitaxel, docetaxel, any other medications, or human albumin, Ask your ... beta medications (Avonex, Plegridy, Rebif), any other medications, human albumin, mannitol, or any of the other ingredients in ... Avonex, Betaseron, Extavia, Plegridy), any other medications, or human albumin. Ask your pharmacist or check the Medication ... medications (Betaseron, Extavia, Plegridy, Rebif), any other medications, human albumin, natural rubber, latex, or any of the ...

http://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&query=ALBUMIN+HUMAN

"albumins"[MeSH Terms] OR "albumins"[All Fields] OR "albumin"[All Fields]) AND AGGREGATED[All Fields]. Search. ... albumin in Xenopus laevisAlligator mississippiensisHelianthus annuusAll 4 Gene records ...

https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501922/?term=ALBUMIN+AGGREGATED

... with albumin) Injection: learn about side effects, dosage, special precautions, and more on MedlinePlus ... Sirolimus (with albumin) injection may harm the fetus.. *if you have diabetes, you should know that sirolimus (with albumin) ... Sirolimus(with albumin) injection may cause side effects. Tell your doctor if any of these symptoms are severe or do not go ... Sirolimus (with albumin) injection is used to treat a certain type of epithelioid cell tumor (soft tissue cancer that can form ...

https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a622006.html

Metal News: Slamophiliac Releasing New Album Slam Rehab

https://www.metalunderground.com/news/details.cfm?newsid=136432

Albumin is synthesized by liver hepatocytes and rapidly excreted into the bloodstream at the rate of about 10 gm to 15 gm per ... Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein found in plasma. It represents half of the total protein content (3.5 g/dL to ... Very little albumin is stored in the liver, and most of it gets rapidly excreted into the bloodstream. In humans, serum albumin ... Physiology, Albumin Rajat N. Moman 1 , Nishant Gupta 2 , Matthew Varacallo 3 ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29083605

Ischemia-modified albumin was a risk marker for peripheral arterial disease. Taken together, these result … ... The baseline ischemia-modified albumin levels were significantly higher and positively associated with HbA1c and homocysteine ... Ischemia-modified albumin in type 2 diabetic patients with and without peripheral arterial disease Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66 ... Ischemia-modified albumin was a risk marker for peripheral arterial disease. Taken together, these results might be helpful for ...

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22012037/?dopt=Abstract

Shop MP Biomedicals Bovine Albumin Cohn Fraction V at Thomas Scientific, your trusted partner in Science. ... Synonyms: BSA, Bovine albumin. Albumins are a group of acidic proteins which occur plentifully in the body fluids and tissues ... Bovine Albumin Cohn Fraction V. * PRODUCT AVAILABILITY: Did you know you can view a products availability right on the product ... Albumin is used to solubilize lipids, and is also used as a blocking agent in Western blots or ELISA applications. Globulin ...

https://www.thomassci.com/Chemicals/Albumins/_/Bovine-Albumin-Cohn-Fraction-V

Very little albumin is stored in the liver, and most of it gets rapidly excreted into the bloodstream. In humans, serum albumin ... Albumin is synthesized by liver hepatocytes and rapidly excreted into the bloodstream at the rate of about 10 gm to 15 gm per ... In clinical medicine, serum albumin can be measured via standard serum laboratory testing, and this measure has been advocated ... Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein found in plasma. It represents half of the total protein content (3.5 g/dL to ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459198/

This light-weight and compact Albumin Tester attachment, weighing appro ... termed Albumin Tester, running on a smart-phone that images and automatically analyses fluorescent assays confined within ... disposable test tubes for sensitive and specific detection of albumin in urine. ... Albumin testing in urine using a smart-phone Ahmet F. Coskun,†ab Richie Nagi,‡ab Kayvon Sadeghi,‡ab Stephen Phillips‡ab and ...

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2013/LC/c3lc50785h

To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative serum albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) in patients with non-muscle-invasive ... Prognostic value of albumin to globulin ratio in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. January 28, 2021 To investigate the ... Levels of albumin and globulin were obtained before TURB and used to calculate the preoperative AGR level. Multivariable Cox ... prognostic value of preoperative serum albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer ( ...

https://www.urotoday.com/recent-abstracts/urologic-oncology/bladder-cancer/127460-prognostic-value-of-albumin-to-globulin-ratio-in-non-muscle-invasive-bladder-cancer.html

Chicken Serum Albumin fromEquitech-Bio

https://immunoportal.com/equitech-bio-serum/chicken-serum-albumin/

...

https://www.bioreba.ch/saas/web/bioreba/artikel.aspx?WPParams=50C9D4C6C5D2E6BDA5A98898AA93

Patients who received albumin had a higher survival rate than those who did not: at 18 months, 78% of people who used albumin ... or standard treatment plus human albumin. Those in the albumin arm started with 40 grams twice-weekly for 2 weeks, then reduced ... People in the albumin arm were less likely to require paracentesis, and those who did needed it later and had less fluid ... People who received albumin reported that their quality of life improved, while those in the standard-of-care arm were more ...

http://hivandhepatitis.com/hepatitis-b/hepatitis-b-topics/hbv-disease-progression/369,453,674-hbv-decompensation-esld-hbv-decompensation-esld/6057-easl-2017-albumin-reduces-complications-of-decompensated-cirrhosis-and-improves-survival

Juanes new album took two years to complete for many reasons. Countless No. 1s (his 2004 song

https://malaysia.news.yahoo.com/juanes-deeply-personal-record-vida-210750101.html

Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Paclitaxel Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation i Clinical Trials ... Pertuzumab, Trastuzumab, and Paclitaxel Albumin-Stabilized Nanoparticle Formulation i For 45 lucky MBC patients - with 2 sites ... Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation, work in different ways to kill ... Giving pertuzumab and trastuzumab together with paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation may be a better way to ...

https://her2support.org/vbulletin/showthread.php?p=299278&mode=threaded

Increased Albumin Oxidation in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma from Alzheimers Disease Patients. ...

https://www.j-alz.com/content/increased-albumin-oxidation-cerebrospinal-fluid-and-plasma-alzheimers-disease-patients

High serum albumin and low lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)(2) prior to ICI therapy has been associated with subsequent good ... Results There were 401 episodes of therapy which met criteria, of which 324 had a serum albumin level and 244 had serum LDH ... FRI0602 SERUM ALBUMIN PREDICTS ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOMES BUT NOT RHEUMATIC IMMUNE-RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING PD-1 INHIBITOR ... FRI0602 SERUM ALBUMIN PREDICTS ONCOLOGICAL OUTCOMES BUT NOT RHEUMATIC IMMUNE-RELATED ADVERSE EVENTS FOLLOWING PD-1 INHIBITOR ...

https://ard.bmj.com/content/78/Suppl_2/996.2

Generation and Characterization of a Novel Small Biologic Alternative to PCSK9 Antibodies, DS-9001a, Albumin Binding Domain- ... Generation and Characterization of a Novel Small Biologic Alternative to PCSK9 Antibodies, DS-9001a, Albumin Binding Domain- ... Generation and Characterization of a Novel Small Biologic Alternative to PCSK9 Antibodies, DS-9001a, Albumin Binding Domain- ... Generation and Characterization of a Novel Small Biologic Alternative to PCSK9 Antibodies, DS-9001a, Albumin Binding Domain- ...

https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/early/2018/02/20/jpet.117.246652.long

Dogs with lymphangiectasia often show a marked increase in serum albumin concentration within 7-14 days of starting such a diet ... Protein-Losing Enteropathies - Low Albumin Is Not Always a Bad Prognosis World Small Animal Veterinary Association World ... such an approach is generally ill-advised if the serum albumin concentration is less than 2.0 g/dl. This is true because it may ... then PLE is a reasonable tentative diagnosis of exclusion in patients with a serum albumin , 2.0 g/dl. Finally, contrary to ...

https://www.vin.com/apputil/project/defaultadv1.aspx?pid=14365&catid=&id=7259231&meta=&authorid=

... of intracellular forms of Plasmodium chabaudi and their interactions with the erythrocyte membrane and with serum albumin*. ... of intracellular forms of Plasmodium chabaudi and their interactions with the erythrocyte membrane and with serum albumin*. ...

https://extranet.who.int/iris/restricted/handle/10665/261139

We sought to determine the implications of low serum albumin in patients receiving decongestive therapies for AHF. (nih.gov)

Results There were 401 episodes of therapy which met criteria, of which 324 had a serum albumin level and 244 had serum LDH prior to the commencement of therapy. (bmj.com)
The serum albumin level is a valuable marker for assessing patients' nutritional status in clinical practice ( 13 ). (iiarjournals.org)
The serum albumin level has been re-emphasized by extending its clinical use to determine the severity of disease, disease progression, and prognosis in various types of cancer ( 1 - 3 , 8 - 12 ). (iiarjournals.org)

A health care provider uses this measurement to determine the ratio between the albumin and creatinine in the urine and to estimate the amount of albumin excreted in 24 hours. (nih.gov)
You may be able to reduce the amount of albumin in your urine by taking medicines that lower blood pressure called ACE inhibitors or ARBs . (nih.gov)
When the kidneys are working as they should, there may be a very small amount of albumin in the urine. (healthlinkbc.ca)
If the amount of albumin is very small, but still abnormal, it is called microalbuminuria. (healthlinkbc.ca)

tell your doctor and pharmacist if you are allergic to sirolimus (Fyarro, Rapamune), other rapamycin derivatives such as everolimus (Afinitor, Zortress) or temsirolimus (Torisel), any other medications, or any of the ingredients in sirolimus (with albumin) injection. (medlineplus.gov)

Several biomarkers, including albumin, Hb, HbA 1C , C-reactive protein level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and white blood cell count, have been shown to correlate with long-term outcomes in patients with DFU, but there is a paucity of literature examining the short-term predictive value of trends in these markers. (medscape.com)

In this study we developed a novel in vivo albumin labeling method to allow PET imaging of cardiac function after myocardial infarction and vascular leakage and increased permeability in inflammatory diseases and malignant tumors. (nih.gov)

Albuminuria is a sign of kidney disease and means that you have too much albumin in your urine. (nih.gov)
Health care providers regularly test people for albuminuria as part of a routine medical exam and will closely monitor urine albumin in people with kidney disease. (nih.gov)
A health care provider often tests for albuminuria using a urine dipstick test followed by a urine albumin and creatinine measurement. (nih.gov)

The aim ofthe present study is to evaluate the antioxidant effects of red or white cabbage on bovine serum albumin (BSA).Methods: Fresh leaves of red or white cabbage were washed with distilled water, and sliced into small pieces.Finally, the pieces were dried and extracted with 80% ethanol overnight. (who.int)

(2,3) This could also be of importance in acute liver failure where albumin might serve the dual role of supporting plasma oncotic pressure, as well as binding excessive plasma bilirubin. (nih.gov)
In humans, serum albumin functions as a significant modulator of plasma oncotic pressure and transporter of endogenous and exogenous (i.e. drugs) ligands. (nih.gov)
Human albumin acts as the most significant modulator of plasma oncotic pressure and functions to transport a variety of substances called ligands. (nih.gov)

Health care providers consider a urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio above 30 mg/g higher than normal. (nih.gov)
Note: See Analytical Note on comparing the urine albumin-creatinine ratio of the random urine (first collection) and the follow-up first-morning void urine (second collection). (cdc.gov)
Urine albumin-creatinine ratio is used to classify stages of chronic kidney disease. (cdc.gov)
Therefore, measurement of urinary albumin and creatinine concentrations are performed and an albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) was determined from both a random urine and a first morning void. (cdc.gov)
The ratio of urine albumin to urine creatinine is used to predict nephropathy risk in diabetic patients. (cdc.gov)
Available from: https://labtestsonline.org/tests/total-protein- albumin -globulin-ag-ratio National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Internet]. (nih.gov)
Glucosuria and interference of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. (bvsalud.org)

A 2017 meta-analysis investigating low levels of serum albumin in orthopedic patients suggested a 2.5-fold increased risk of surgical site infections (SSI) following various procedures. (nih.gov)

The baseline ischemia-modified albumin levels were significantly higher and positively associated with HbA1c and homocysteine levels in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease. (nih.gov)
METHODS AND RESULTS: Baseline serum albumin levels were measured in 456 AHF subjects randomized in the DOSE-AHF and ROSE-AHF trials. (nih.gov)
The mean baseline albumin level was 3.5 ± 0.5 g/dL. (nih.gov)
CONCLUSIONS: Baseline serum albumin levels were not associated with short-term clinical outcomes for AHF patients undergoing decongestive therapies. (nih.gov)

Those ligands transported by serum albumin include endogenous ligands such as bilirubin, ions, fatty acids, and exogenous ligands such as drugs. (nih.gov)
Albumin binding ability of Evans blue is utilized with CpGs and tumor-specific antigens, in order to leverage endogenous albumin that increases the safety and the potency of molecular vaccines. (nih.gov)

This resin shows markedly better performance than dye-based resins in terms of both the efficiency and specificity of albumin removal. (nih.gov)

Albumin and creatinine measurement. (nih.gov)
Urinary albumin and urinary creatinine are measured in a random urine collected in the MEC. (cdc.gov)
Urinary albumin and urinary creatinine are measured in a random urine collected in the MEC (first collection) and a first morning void urine collected by the participant at home (second collection). (cdc.gov)
Since the ACR depends not only on urinary albumin but also on urinary creatinine excretion, it will be affected by gender and age because muscle mass is lower in females than in males and decreases with age. (cdc.gov)

Albumin is also a colloid fluid administered to patients in need of fluid resuscitation, especially in the setting of trauma (i.e. hypovolemic shock) or in the setting of large-volume paracentesis. (nih.gov)

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has designated as Class I (defined by FDA as a strong likelihood that a product will cause serious adverse health consequences or death) a recall of Centeon Albumin, 25% (Human), U.S.P., Albuminar{Registered}-25 (manufactured by Centeon L.L.C., King of Prussia, Pennsylvania), lot number P61205, because of Enterobacter cloacae sepsis associated with receipt of product from this lot. (cdc.gov)
Albumin (Human) 20%, USP (Plasbumin ® -20) is made from large pools of human venous plasma by the Cohn cold ethanol fractionation process. (nih.gov)
(1) If the patient is dehydrated, additional crystalloids must be given, (4) or alternatively, Albumin (Human) 5%, USP (Plasbumin ® -5) should be used. (nih.gov)
A solid-phase fluorescent immunoassay for the measurement of human urinary albumin is described by Chavers et al. (cdc.gov)
The fluorescent immunoassay is a non-competitive, double-antibody method for the determination of human albumin in urine. (cdc.gov)
Antibody to human albumin is covalently attached to derivatized polyacrylamide beads. (cdc.gov)
Results of the fluorescent immunoassay (FIA) are reproducible, and the test is accurate and sensitive for the detection of human urinary albumin excretion. (cdc.gov)
Human albumin is a small globular protein with a molecular weight of 66.5 kilodaltons (kDa). (nih.gov)
Mauro Bernardi from the University of Bologna and colleagues conducted a randomized clinical trial to assess whether long-term administration of human albumin -- a protein that helps maintain fluid balance in the body -- had advantages over the standard of care. (hivandhepatitis.com)
Participants were randomly assigned to receive either standard medical treatment using diuretics, or standard treatment plus human albumin. (hivandhepatitis.com)
There has been a lack of scientific evidence proving that long-term human albumin can treat cirrhosis with ascites,' Dr Bernardi said in an EASL press release. (hivandhepatitis.com)
The ANSWER study has now clarified this issue, showing that human albumin extends survival and helps better manage ascites, as well as reducing the incidence of severe complications of this very serious disease. (hivandhepatitis.com)
Efficient and specific removal of albumin from human serum samples. (nih.gov)
We have used monoclonal antibodies against human serum albumin (HSA) to develop an immunoaffinity resin that is effective in the removal of both full-length HSA and many of the HSA fragments present in serum. (nih.gov)
Sandwich ELISA analysis of albumin binding usiing Mouse anti Human albumin ( 0300-0080 ) as a capture reagent and biotinylated Sheep anti Human albumin ( AHP1790 ) as a detection reagent with human albumin purified from urine ( PHP149 ) as antigen. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Sheep anti Human serum albumin antibody recognizes human albumin, a soluble protein which constitutes approximately 50% of blood serum protein, acting as a regulator of blood colloidal osmotic pressure and hence blood volume. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Antisera to human albumin were raised by repeated immunisations of sheep with highly purified antigen. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)
Native human serum albumin, 99% pure as assayed by agarose electrophoresis. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

In clinical medicine, serum albumin can be measured via standard serum laboratory testing, and this measure has been advocated as a marker for an individual patient's nutritional status. (nih.gov)
The basal ischemia-modified albumin levels and clinical parameters were measured and analyzed. (nih.gov)
however, we were unable to determine an association between preoperative albumin levels and various clinical features. (iiarjournals.org)
Clinical Implications of Serum Albumin Levels in Acute Heart Failure: Insights From DOSE-AHF and ROSE-AHF. (nih.gov)
Albumin was not associated with WRF, WHF, or clinical decongestion by 72 hours. (nih.gov)

Dipstick test for albumin. (nih.gov)
A dipstick test performed on a urine sample can detect the presence of albumin in the urine. (nih.gov)
The dipstick changes color if albumin is present in the urine. (nih.gov)
It is especially useful for the measurement of low levels of urinary albumin not detectable by dipstick methods. (cdc.gov)

Major reasons for discontinuation included liver transplantation, having a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure and, most often, needing paracentesis more than three times amonth -- 18 people in the albumin arm and 42 in the standard-of-care arm. (hivandhepatitis.com)
People in the albumin arm were less likely to require paracentesis, and those who did needed it later and had less fluid removed. (hivandhepatitis.com)
By 18 months, 38% of patients in the albumin arm underwent paracentesis at least once, compared to 66% in the standard-of-care arm -- a 54% reduction. (hivandhepatitis.com)

Albumin is the most abundant circulating protein found in plasma. (nih.gov)

The solid-phase antibody is reacted with a urine specimen, and the urine albumin-antigen complexes with the solid-phase antibody. (cdc.gov)

there are the formation of derivative-DNA and serum albumin complexes and hydrophobic interactions as the predominant intermolecular forces in stabilizing for each complex. (eurekaselect.com)

This sensitivity manifests when patients have serum albumin concentrations lower than 2.5 g/dL. (nih.gov)

This study was conducted to examine whether albumin values over a 12-week treatment course for DFU correlated with ulcer size and outcomes. (medscape.com)
The authors hypothesized that lower albumin levels at presentation would correlate with worse outcomes at 12 weeks of treatment. (medscape.com)
High serum albumin and low lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)(2) prior to ICI therapy has been associated with subsequent good oncological outcomes, and may therefore predict rheumatic irAEs, but to the best of our knowledge this has not previously been examined. (bmj.com)
Objectives To determine the relationship between serum albumin and LDH of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and oncological outcomes following treatment with the main classes of ICI therapy for cancer, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitors and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors. (bmj.com)
Conclusion High serum albumin was associated with good oncological outcomes following ICI therapy with a PD-1 or PD-L1, but not with rheumatic irAEs. (bmj.com)
Background/Aim: We examined the relationship between preoperative serum albumin levels and long-term outcomes in patients with breast cancer. (iiarjournals.org)
We conducted the present study to examine the relationship between preoperative serum albumin and long-term outcomes in patients with breast cancer as part of our research concerning the effects of a malnutrition state or other factors on cancer patient outcomes. (iiarjournals.org)

The latter allows albumin to attract positively charged molecules and, ultimately, water into the intravascular compartment. (nih.gov)

3.0 g/dL) were not significantly different from those in patients with normal albumin levels. (medscape.com)
A morning urine sample gives the best information about albumin levels. (healthlinkbc.ca)
if you have diabetes, you should know that sirolimus (with albumin) injection may increase glucose levels. (medlineplus.gov)
Among the 157 patients, 19 (12.1%) had decreased serum albumin levels preoperatively. (iiarjournals.org)
The recurrence-free survival (p=0.030) and the overall survival (p=0.001) were both significantly shorter in patients with low albumin levels. (iiarjournals.org)
Conclusion: Low serum albumin levels were associated with poor prognosis, but not with poor-prognostic factors. (iiarjournals.org)
Therefore, low albumin levels may reflect the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer. (iiarjournals.org)
Furthermore, there was no association between continuous albumin levels and symptom change according to visual analog scale or weight change by 72 hours. (nih.gov)

Albumin is also an important transporter of substances within the bloodstream, such as fatty acids, thyroid hormones, metal ions and steroids. (bio-rad-antibodies.com)

In such circumstances, the use of an albumin infusion may be required to support the blood volume. (nih.gov)
Sirolimus (with albumin) injection comes as a suspension (liquid) to be given by intravenous infusion (slow injection into a vein) over 30 minutes. (medlineplus.gov)

Sirolimus (with albumin) injection is used to treat a certain type of epithelioid cell tumor (soft tissue cancer that can form in any part of the body) that has spread to nearby tissues or to other parts of the body or can not be removed by surgery. (medlineplus.gov)
Sirolimus (with albumin) injection is usually given on days 1 and 8 of a 21 day cycle. (medlineplus.gov)
Many other medications may also interact with sirolimus (with albumin) injection, so be sure to tell your doctor about all the medications you are taking, even those that do not appear on this list. (medlineplus.gov)
you should know that sirolimus (with albumin) injection may interfere with sperm production in men. (medlineplus.gov)
Your doctor may perform a pregnancy test to be sure that you are not pregnant when you begin receiving sirolimus (with albumin) injection. (medlineplus.gov)
Use a reliable method of birth control to prevent pregnancy during your treatment with sirolimus (with albumin) injection and for 3 months after your final dose. (medlineplus.gov)
If you become pregnant while receiving sirolimus (with albumin) injection, call your doctor. (medlineplus.gov)
Sirolimus (with albumin) injection may harm the fetus. (medlineplus.gov)
Your doctor may ask you to monitor your blood glucose more frequently during your treatment with (with albumin) injection. (medlineplus.gov)
if you are having surgery, including dental surgery, tell the doctor or dentist that you are receiving sirolimus (with albumin) injection. (medlineplus.gov)
Sirolimus(with albumin) injection may cause side effects. (medlineplus.gov)

The unusually high abundance of albumin in serum can interfere with the resolution and sensitivity of many proteome profiling techniques. (nih.gov)

Drinking too much water (water intoxication) may also cause abnormal albumin results. (medlineplus.gov)
But when the kidneys are damaged, abnormal amounts of albumin leak into the urine. (healthlinkbc.ca)

We demonstrate a digital sensing platform, termed Albumin Tester , running on a smart-phone that images and automatically analyses fluorescent assays confined within disposable test tubes for sensitive and specific detection of albumin in urine. (rsc.org)

In conclusion, the distribution and local accumulation of serum albumin can be non-invasively visualized and quantified by 18F-AlF-NEB and 64Cu-NEB PET. (nih.gov)

The current study aims to add increased temporal acuity to the connection between albumin level and ulcer status to help clinicians better estimate treatment success over the course of care. (medscape.com)
As a laboratory value, serum albumin can also aid clinicians regarding insight into patients' liver function or the ability to biosynthesize proteins and factors vital to total body homeostasis. (nih.gov)

Albumin was not associated with 60-day mortality, rehospitalization, or unscheduled emergency room visits. (nih.gov)

Albumin is a protein found in the blood. (nih.gov)

Results of search for 'ccl=su:{Serum albumin. (who.int)

Treatment that lowers the urine albumin level may lower the chances that kidney disease will progress to kidney failure. (nih.gov)
If you have kidney disease or are at risk for kidney disease, talk with your health care provider about how often you should get a urine test for albumin. (nih.gov)
Albumin is a transport protein and it may be useful in severe hemolytic disease in the neonate who is awaiting exchange transfusion. (nih.gov)
To determine whether there is an association between serum ischemia-modified albumin and the risk factor profile in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral arterial disease and to identify the risk markers for peripheral arterial disease. (nih.gov)
Multiple logistic analyses indicated that HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, homocysteine and ischemia-modified albumin were independent risk factors for peripheral arterial disease in the diabetic subjects. (nih.gov)
Ischemia-modified albumin was a risk marker for peripheral arterial disease. (nih.gov)
This automated albumin testing tool running on a smart-phone could be useful for early diagnosis of kidney disease or for monitoring of chronic patients, especially those suffering from diabetes, hypertension, and/or cardiovascular diseases. (rsc.org)
Increased Albumin Oxidation in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma from Alzheimer's Disease Patients. (j-alz.com)
We have also reported that albumin is an indicator of the risk for recurrent disease in colorectal cancer ( 3 ). (iiarjournals.org)
However, in breast cancer patients, we were unable to confirm an association between preoperative albumin and disease recurrence, as the follow-up periods were short ( 2 ). (iiarjournals.org)

Initial albumin values were not significantly different between patients healed by 12 weeks compared with nonhealed patients. (medscape.com)
Albumin recipients were hospitalized significantly less that those in the standard of care arm, both in terms of number of hospitalizations (35% less) and cumulative number of days in hospital (45% less). (hivandhepatitis.com)

Patients who received albumin had a higher survival rate than those who did not: at 18 months, 78% of people who used albumin were still alive, compared to 66% of those treated with standard therapy alone -- a 38% reduction. (hivandhepatitis.com)
Based on this data, weekly administration of albumin should be considered in patients with cirrhosis and ascites to prevent life-threatening complications,' added Annalisa Berzigotti from the University of Berne. (hivandhepatitis.com)
Methods We retrospectively examined all patients at a single centre who had a serum albumin performed in the institutional laboratory before treatment with a PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitor before January 1, 2018, with follow-up until October 1, 2018. (bmj.com)

Some degradation of the albumin may occur during treatment. (worthington-biochem.com)

The infused albumin may reduce the level of free bilirubin in the blood. (nih.gov)

Because urinary albumin excretion follows a circadian rhythym, the preferred method to collect urine for albumin assessment is to collect a 24 hour urine specimen. (cdc.gov)
The interactions of calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) and serum albumins (BSA and HSA) with the two derivatives, E4 and E5, were investigated using fluorescence quenching method and UV-visible absorption spectra. (eurekaselect.com)

This light-weight and compact Albumin Tester attachment, weighing approximately 148 grams, is mechanically installed on the existing camera unit of a smart-phone, where test and control tubes are inserted from the side and are excited by a battery powered laser diode. (rsc.org)
Those in the albumin arm started with 40 grams twice-weekly for 2 weeks, then reduced their dose to once-weekly. (hivandhepatitis.com)

A urine albumin level that stays the same or goes down may mean that treatments are working. (nih.gov)
Once albumin enters the circulation, about 30% to 40% stays in the bloodstream, and the remainder enters the interstitial space. (nih.gov)

Albumin is normally found in the blood and filtered by the kidneys. (healthlinkbc.ca)
Albumin can be found in the bloodstream, interstitial space, as well as other fluids. (nih.gov)

It was also hypothesized that negative albumin level trends would correlate with worse healing (defined by increasing ulcer size) compared with stable or improving albumin level trends. (medscape.com)
People who received albumin reported that their quality of life improved, while those in the standard-of-care arm were more likely to say their quality of life was the same or worse at 3, 6 and 12 months. (hivandhepatitis.com)
This is true because it may be necessary to perform an antibiotic and/or dietary therapeutic trial for 3-6 weeks in order to ascertain if it is being effective, and a patient with severe PLE can become markedly worse in that time, especially if the serum albumin concentration is falling rapidly. (vin.com)

Albumin is a protein made by the liver. (medlineplus.gov)
Albumin is synthesized by liver hepatocytes and rapidly excreted into the bloodstream at the rate of about 10 gm to 15 gm per day. (nih.gov)
Very little albumin is stored in the liver, and most of it gets rapidly excreted into the bloodstream. (nih.gov)
Synthesis of albumin takes place in the liver, after which it is excreted into the bloodstream. (nih.gov)

A healthy kidney doesn't let albumin pass from the blood into the urine. (nih.gov)
A serum albumin test measures the amount of this protein in the clear liquid portion of the blood. (medlineplus.gov)

Anatomy6

Organisms5

Diseases15

Chemicals and Drugs48

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment22

Phenomena and Processes17

Health Care1

Isolation of rat liver albumin messenger RNA. (1/2483)

Sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary dissection in breast cancer: results in a large series. (2/2483)

"The FSGS factor:" enrichment and in vivo effect of activity from focal segmental glomerulosclerosis plasma. (3/2483)

Triacylglycerol biosynthesis in rat adipose-tissue homogenates. (4/2483)

von Willebrand factor contained in a high purity FVIII concentrate (Fanhdi) binds to platelet glycoproteins and supports platelet adhesion to subendothelium under flow conditions. (5/2483)

Secretory cells of the peripheral pulmonary epithelium as targets for toxic agents. (6/2483)

Peritoneal clearance of leptin in CAPD patients: impact of local insulin administration. (7/2483)

The cytotoxicity of mafosfamide on G-CSF mobilized hematopoietic progenitors is reduced by SH groups of albumin--implications for further purging strategies. (8/2483)

Albumins

Serum Albumin

Serum Albumin, Bovine

Serum Albumin, Radio-Iodinated

Receptors, Albumin

Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin

Albuminuria

Hypoalbuminemia

2S Albumins, Plant

Blood Proteins

Bromcresol Green

Bilirubin

Capillary Permeability

Liver

Cattle

Protein Binding

alpha-Fetoproteins

Plasma Volume

Creatinine

Dialysis

Blood Protein Electrophoresis

Plasma Substitutes

Proteinuria

Diabetic Nephropathies

Kinetics

Bromcresol Purple

Time Factors

Nephelometry and Turbidimetry

Renal Dialysis

Transferrin

Kidney Failure, Chronic

Rabbits

Biological Markers

Orosomucoid

Serum Globulins

Hydrogen-Ion Concentration

Kidney

Ultrafiltration

Kidney Glomerulus

Rats, Inbred Strains

Colloids

Protein-Losing Enteropathies

Nephrotic Syndrome

Protein-Energy Malnutrition

Adsorption

Immunoglobulin G

Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives

Fibrinogen

Nutritional Status

Fructosamine

Glomerular Filtration Rate

Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2

Binding Sites

Spectrometry, Fluorescence

Biological Transport

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel

Oleic Acids

Cells, Cultured

Hematocrit

Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Hypoproteinemia

Proteins

Urea

Radioimmunoassay

Reference Values

Carbonates

Fatty Acids

Globulins

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

Perfusion

Glycosylation End Products, Advanced

Blood Chemical Analysis

Evans Blue

Iodine Radioisotopes

Kidney Diseases

Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate

Kidney Tubules, Proximal

Iodine Isotopes

Immunoelectrophoresis

Antibodies