AnatomyDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPsychiatry and PsychologyPhenomena and ProcessesDisciplines and OccupationsAnthropology, Education, Sociology and Social PhenomenaInformation ScienceGeographicals
Albinism, OculocutaneousAlbinismMonophenol MonooxygenaseHermanski-Pudlak SyndromeHypopigmentationEye ColorAlbinism, OcularMelanosomesNystagmus, PathologicSkin PigmentationMelanocytesMembrane Transport ProteinsPigmentationChediak-Higashi SyndromeElectronystagmographyCatechol OxidaseMelaninsHair ColorPuerto RicoPlatelet Storage Pool DeficiencyAdaptor Protein Complex beta SubunitsMutationPedigreeFolkloreIris DiseasesOxidoreductasesFrameshift MutationNystagmus, CongenitalDNA Mutational AnalysisMembrane GlycoproteinsPolymorphism, Single-Stranded ConformationalHomozygotePhenotypeMembrane ProteinsExonsChromatophoresBacterial ChromatophoresAnimal CommunicationAgouti Signaling ProteinDictionaries, MedicalVisual AcuityRefractive ErrorsPeriodicals as TopicOphthalmologyMyopia
Albinism, Oculocutaneous
Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders comprising at least four recognized types, all having in common varying degrees of hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. The two most common are the tyrosinase-positive and tyrosinase-negative types.
Albinism
General term for a number of inherited defects of amino acid metabolism in which there is a deficiency or absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, or hair.
Monophenol Monooxygenase
An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between L-tyrosine, L-dopa, and oxygen to yield L-dopa, dopaquinone, and water. It is a copper protein that acts also on catechols, catalyzing some of the same reactions as CATECHOL OXIDASE. EC 1.14.18.1.
Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome
Syndrome characterized by the triad of oculocutaneous albinism (ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS); PLATELET STORAGE POOL DEFICIENCY; and lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin.
Hypopigmentation
A condition caused by a deficiency or a loss of melanin pigmentation in the epidermis, also known as hypomelanosis. Hypopigmentation can be localized or generalized, and may result from genetic defects, trauma, inflammation, or infections.
Eye Color
Color of the iris.
Albinism, Ocular
Albinism affecting the eye in which pigment of the hair and skin is normal or only slightly diluted. The classic type is X-linked (Nettleship-Falls), but an autosomal recessive form also exists. Ocular abnormalities may include reduced pigmentation of the iris, nystagmus, photophobia, strabismus, and decreased visual acuity.
Melanosomes
Melanin-containing organelles found in melanocytes and melanophores.
Nystagmus, Pathologic
Involuntary movements of the eye that are divided into two types, jerk and pendular. Jerk nystagmus has a slow phase in one direction followed by a corrective fast phase in the opposite direction, and is usually caused by central or peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Pendular nystagmus features oscillations that are of equal velocity in both directions and this condition is often associated with visual loss early in life. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p272)
Skin Pigmentation
Coloration of the skin.
Melanocytes
Mammalian pigment cells that produce MELANINS, pigments found mainly in the EPIDERMIS, but also in the eyes and the hair, by a process called melanogenesis. Coloration can be altered by the number of melanocytes or the amount of pigment produced and stored in the organelles called MELANOSOMES. The large non-mammalian melanin-containing cells are called MELANOPHORES.
Membrane Transport Proteins
Membrane proteins whose primary function is to facilitate the transport of molecules across a biological membrane. Included in this broad category are proteins involved in active transport (BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT, ACTIVE), facilitated transport and ION CHANNELS.
Pigmentation
Coloration or discoloration of a part by a pigment.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome
A form of phagocyte bactericidal dysfunction characterized by unusual oculocutaneous albinism, high incidence of lymphoreticular neoplasms, and recurrent pyogenic infections. In many cell types, abnormal lysosomes are present leading to defective pigment distribution and abnormal neutrophil functions. The disease is transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance and a similar disorder occurs in the beige mouse, the Aleutian mink, and albino Hereford cattle.
Electronystagmography
Recording of nystagmus based on changes in the electrical field surrounding the eye produced by the difference in potential between the cornea and the retina.
Catechol Oxidase
An enzyme of the oxidoreductase class that catalyzes the reaction between catechol and oxygen to yield benzoquinone and water. It is a complex of copper-containing proteins that acts also on a variety of substituted catechols. EC 1.10.3.1.
Melanins
Insoluble polymers of TYROSINE derivatives found in and causing darkness in skin (SKIN PIGMENTATION), hair, and feathers providing protection against SUNBURN induced by SUNLIGHT. CAROTENES contribute yellow and red coloration.
Hair Color
Color of hair or fur.
Puerto Rico
An island in the Greater Antilles in the West Indies. Its capital is San Juan. It is a self-governing commonwealth in union with the United States. It was discovered by Columbus in 1493 but no colonization was attempted until 1508. It belonged to Spain until ceded to the United States in 1898. It became a commonwealth with autonomy in internal affairs in 1952. Columbus named the island San Juan for St. John's Day, the Monday he arrived, and the bay Puerto Rico, rich harbor. The island became Puerto Rico officially in 1932. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p987 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p436)
Platelet Storage Pool Deficiency
Disorder characterized by a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine nucleotides and 5HT are normally stored.
Adaptor Protein Complex beta Subunits
A family of large adaptin protein complex subunits of approximately 90-130 kDa in size.
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Pedigree
The record of descent or ancestry, particularly of a particular condition or trait, indicating individual family members, their relationships, and their status with respect to the trait or condition.
Folklore
The common orally transmitted traditions, myths, festivals, songs, superstitions, and stories of all peoples.
Iris Diseases
Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris.
Oxidoreductases
The class of all enzymes catalyzing oxidoreduction reactions. The substrate that is oxidized is regarded as a hydrogen donor. The systematic name is based on donor:acceptor oxidoreductase. The recommended name will be dehydrogenase, wherever this is possible; as an alternative, reductase can be used. Oxidase is only used in cases where O2 is the acceptor. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p9)
Frameshift Mutation
A type of mutation in which a number of NUCLEOTIDES deleted from or inserted into a protein coding sequence is not divisible by three, thereby causing an alteration in the READING FRAMES of the entire coding sequence downstream of the mutation. These mutations may be induced by certain types of MUTAGENS or may occur spontaneously.
Nystagmus, Congenital
Nystagmus present at birth or caused by lesions sustained in utero or at the time of birth. It is usually pendular, and is associated with ALBINISM and conditions characterized by early loss of central vision. Inheritance patterns may be X-linked, autosomal dominant, or recessive. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p275)
DNA Mutational Analysis
Biochemical identification of mutational changes in a nucleotide sequence.
Membrane Glycoproteins
Glycoproteins found on the membrane or surface of cells.
Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational
Variation in a population's DNA sequence that is detected by determining alterations in the conformation of denatured DNA fragments. Denatured DNA fragments are allowed to renature under conditions that prevent the formation of double-stranded DNA and allow secondary structure to form in single stranded fragments. These fragments are then run through polyacrylamide gels to detect variations in the secondary structure that is manifested as an alteration in migration through the gels.
Homozygote
An individual in which both alleles at a given locus are identical.
Phenotype
The outward appearance of the individual. It is the product of interactions between genes, and between the GENOTYPE and the environment.
Membrane Proteins
Proteins which are found in membranes including cellular and intracellular membranes. They consist of two types, peripheral and integral proteins. They include most membrane-associated enzymes, antigenic proteins, transport proteins, and drug, hormone, and lectin receptors.
Exons
The parts of a transcript of a split GENE remaining after the INTRONS are removed. They are spliced together to become a MESSENGER RNA or other functional RNA.
Chromatophores
The large pigment cells of fish, amphibia, reptiles and many invertebrates which actively disperse and aggregate their pigment granules. These cells include MELANOPHORES, erythrophores, xanthophores, leucophores and iridiophores. (In algae, chromatophores refer to CHLOROPLASTS. In phototrophic bacteria chromatophores refer to membranous organelles (BACTERIAL CHROMATOPHORES).)
Bacterial Chromatophores
Organelles of phototrophic bacteria which contain photosynthetic pigments and which are formed from an invagination of the cytoplasmic membrane.
Animal Communication
Communication between animals involving the giving off by one individual of some chemical or physical signal, that, on being received by another, influences its behavior.
Agouti Signaling Protein
A secreted protein of approximately 131 amino acids (depending on species) that regulates the synthesis of eumelanin (brown/black) pigments in MELANOCYTES. Agouti protein antagonizes the signaling of MELANOCORTIN RECEPTORS and has wide distribution including ADIPOSE TISSUE; GONADS; and HEART. Its overexpression in agouti mice results in uniform yellow coat color, OBESITY, and metabolic defects similar to type II diabetes in humans.
Dictionaries, Medical
Visual Acuity
Clarity or sharpness of OCULAR VISION or the ability of the eye to see fine details. Visual acuity depends on the functions of RETINA, neuronal transmission, and the interpretative ability of the brain. Normal visual acuity is expressed as 20/20 indicating that one can see at 20 feet what should normally be seen at that distance. Visual acuity can also be influenced by brightness, color, and contrast.
Refractive Errors
Deviations from the average or standard indices of refraction of the eye through its dioptric or refractive apparatus.
Periodicals as Topic
A publication issued at stated, more or less regular, intervals.
Ophthalmology
A surgical specialty concerned with the structure and function of the eye and the medical and surgical treatment of its defects and diseases.
Myopia
A refractive error in which rays of light entering the EYE parallel to the optic axis are brought to a focus in front of the RETINA when accommodation (ACCOMMODATION, OCULAR) is relaxed. This results from an overly curved CORNEA or from the eyeball being too long from front to back. It is also called nearsightedness.

Altered trafficking of lysosomal proteins in Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome due to mutations in the beta 3A subunit of the AP-3 adaptor. (1/138)

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a genetic disorder characterized by defective lysosome-related organelles. Here, we report the identification of two HPS patients with mutations in the beta 3A subunit of the heterotetrameric AP-3 complex. The patients' fibroblasts exhibit drastically reduced levels of AP-3 due to enhanced degradation of mutant beta 3A. The AP-3 deficiency results in increased surface expression of the lysosomal membrane proteins CD63, lamp-1, and lamp-2, but not of nonlysosomal proteins. These differential effects are consistent with the preferential interaction of the AP-3 mu 3A subunit with tyrosine-based signals involved in lysosomal targeting. Our results suggest that AP-3 functions in protein sorting to lysosomes and provide an example of a human disease in which altered trafficking of integral membrane proteins is due to mutations in a component of the sorting machinery.  (+info)

Abnormal expression and subcellular distribution of subunit proteins of the AP-3 adaptor complex lead to platelet storage pool deficiency in the pearl mouse. (2/138)

The pearl mouse is a model for Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome (HPS), whose symptoms include hypopigmentation, lysosomal abnormalities, and prolonged bleeding due to platelet storage pool deficiency (SPD). The gene for pearl has recently been identified as the beta3A subunit of the AP-3 adaptor complex. The objective of these experiments was to determine if the expression and subcellular distribution of the AP-3 complex were altered in pearl platelets and other tissues. The beta3A subunit was undetectable in all pearl cells and tissues. Also, expression of other subunit proteins of the AP-3 complex was decreased. The subcellular distribution of the remaining AP-3 subunits in platelets, macrophages, and a melanocyte-derived cell line of pearl mice was changed from the normal punctate, probably endosomal, pattern to a diffuse cytoplasmic pattern. Ultrastructural abnormalities in mutant lysosomes were likewise apparent in mutant kidney and a cultured mutant cell line. Genetically distinct mouse HPS models had normal expression of AP-3 subunits. These and related experiments strongly suggest that the AP-3 complex regulates the biogenesis/function of organelles of platelets and other cells and that abrogation of expression of the AP-3 complex leads to platelet SPD.  (+info)

Albinism: its implications for refractive development. (3/138)

PURPOSE: Albinism involves the mutation of one or more of the genes associated with melanin synthesis and has many ramifications for vision. This study focuses on the refractive implications of albinism in the context of emmetropization. METHODS: Refractive, biometric, and visual acuity data were collected for a group of 25 albino individuals that included the following: 18 oculocutaneous (13 tyrosine positive, 5 tyrosine negative); 7 ocular (2 autosomal recessive, 5 sex-linked recessive). Their age range was 3 to 51 years. All exhibited horizontal pendular nystagmus. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences relating to albino subtype for any of the measured parameters. All the subjects had reduced visual acuity (mean: 0.90, logMAR) and overall, there was a bias toward hyperopia in their refractive errors (mean: + 1.07 D). However the refractive errors of the group covered a broad range (SD: 4.67 D) and included both high myopia and high hyperopia. An axial origin to the refractive errors is implied by the high correlation between refractive errors and axial lengths. Refractive astigmatism averaged 2.37 D and was consistently with-the-rule and highly correlated with corneal astigmatism, which was also with-the-rule. Meridional analysis of the refractive data indicated that the vertical meridian for hyperopic subjects was consistently nearer emmetropia compared to their horizontal meridian. Myopic subjects showed the opposite trend. CONCLUSIONS: The overall refractive profile of the subjects is consistent with emmetropization being impaired in albinism. However, the refractive errors of hyperopic subjects also can be explained in terms of "meridional emmetropization." The contrasting refractive profiles of myopic subjects may reflect operational constraints of the emmetropization process.  (+info)

The Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) protein is part of a high molecular weight complex involved in biogenesis of early melanosomes. (4/138)

Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder in which oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendency and a ceroid-lipofuscin lysosomal storage disease result from defects of multiple cytoplasmic organelles: melanosomes, platelet dense granules and lysosomes. The HPS polypeptide, a 700 amino acid protein which is unrelated to any known proteins, is likely to be involved in the biogenesis of these different organelles. Here, we show that HPS is a non-glycosylated, non-membrane protein which is a component of two distinct high molecular weight complexes. In non-melanotic cells the HPS protein is contained almost entirely in an approximately 200 kDa complex that is widely distributed throughout the cytosol. In melanotic cells the HPS protein is partitioned between this cytosolic complex and a >500 kDa complex that appears to consist of the approximately 200 kDa complex in association with membranous components. Subcellular fractionation, immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy studies indicate that the membrane-associated HPS complex of melanotic cells is associated with tubulovesicular structures, small non-coated vesicles, and nascent and early-stage melanosomes. These findings suggest that the HPS complex is involved in the biogenesis of early melanosomes.  (+info)

Endoplasmic reticulum retention is a common defect associated with tyrosinase-negative albinism. (5/138)

Tyrosinase is a melanocyte-specific enzyme critical for the synthesis of melanin, a process normally restricted to a post-Golgi compartment termed the melanosome. Loss-of-function mutations in tyrosinase are the cause of oculocutaneous albinism, demonstrating the importance of the enzyme in pigmentation. In the present study, we explored the possibility that trafficking of albino tyrosinase from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus and beyond is disrupted. Toward this end, we analyzed the common albino mouse mutation Tyr(C85S), the frequent human albino substitution TYR(T373K), and the temperature-sensitive tyrosinase TYR(R402Q)/Tyr(H402A) found in humans and mice, respectively. Intracellular localization was monitored in albino melanocytes carrying the native mutation, as well as in melanocytes ectopically expressing green fluorescent protein-tagged tyrosinase. Enzymatic characterization of complex glycans and immunofluorescence colocalization with organelle-specific resident proteins established that all four mutations produced defective proteins that were retained in the ER. TYR(R402Q)/Tyr(H402A) Golgi processing and transport to melanosomes were promoted at the permissive temperature of 32 degrees C, but not at the nonpermissive 37 degrees C temperature. Furthermore, evidence of protein misfolding was demonstrated by the prolonged association of tyrosinase mutants with calnexin and calreticulin, known ER chaperones that play a key role in the quality-control processes of the secretory pathway. From these results we concluded that albinism, at least in part, is an ER retention disease.  (+info)

A mutation in Rab27a causes the vesicle transport defects observed in ashen mice. (6/138)

The dilute (d), leaden (ln), and ashen (ash) mutations provide a unique model system for studying vesicle transport in mammals. All three mutations produce a lightened coat color because of defects in pigment granule transport. In addition, all three mutations are suppressed by the semidominant dilute-suppressor (dsu), providing genetic evidence that these mutations function in the same or overlapping transport pathways. Previous studies showed that d encodes a major vesicle transport motor, myosin-VA, which is mutated in Griscelli syndrome patients. Here, using positional cloning and bacterial artificial chromosome rescue, we show that ash encodes Rab27a. Rab GTPases represent the largest branch of the p21 Ras superfamily and are recognized as key players in vesicular transport and organelle dynamics in eukaryotic cells. We also show that ash mice have platelet defects resulting in increased bleeding times and a reduction in the number of platelet dense granules. These defects have not been reported for d and ln mice. Collectively, our studies identify Rab27a as a critical gene for organelle-specific protein trafficking in melanocytes and platelets and suggest that Rab27a functions in both MyoVa dependent and independent pathways.  (+info)

Lysosome-related organelles. (7/138)

Lysosomes are membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles involved in intracellular protein degradation. They contain an assortment of soluble acid-dependent hydrolases and a set of highly glycosylated integral membrane proteins. Most of the properties of lysosomes are shared with a group of cell type-specific compartments referred to as 'lysosome-related organelles', which include melanosomes, lytic granules, MHC class II compartments, platelet-dense granules, basophil granules, azurophil granules, and Drosophila pigment granules. In addition to lysosomal proteins, these organelles contain cell type-specific components that are responsible for their specialized functions. Abnormalities in both lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles have been observed in human genetic diseases such as the Chediak-Higashi and Hermansky-Pudlak syndromes, further demonstrating the close relationship between these organelles. Identification of genes mutated in these human diseases, as well as in mouse and Drosophila: pigmentation mutants, is beginning to shed light on the molecular machinery involved in the biogenesis of lysosomes and lysosome-related organelles.  (+info)

Leucodystrophy and oculocutaneous albinism in a child with an 11q14 deletion. (8/138)

We report a patient with an undetermined leucodystrophy associated with type 1A oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). Type 1 OCA results from recessive mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR) located in 11q14.3. The patient was found by FISH to carry a deletion of at least the first exon of the TYR gene on one chromosome and a (TG) deletion at codon 244/245 on the second chromosome. The existence of the microdeletion suggested that a gene responsible for leucodystrophy was located in the vicinity of the TYR gene. A combination of a test of hemizygosity and contig mapping studies allowed us to map the gene within a 0.6 cM region flanked by microsatellite markers D11S1780 and D11S931.  (+info)

Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 | definition of oculocutaneous albinism type 4 by Medical dictionaryOculocutaneous albinism type 4 | definition of oculocutaneous albinism type 4 by Medical dictionary
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https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/oculocutaneous+albinism+type+4
Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 | definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 by Medical dictionaryOculocutaneous albinism type 2 | definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 in the Medical Dictionary? Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 explanation free. What is Oculocutaneous albinism type 2? Meaning of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 medical term. What does Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 mean?
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Mutational analysis of TYR and OCA2 genes in four Chinese families with oculocutaneous albinism | IOVS | ARVO JournalsMutational analysis of TYR and OCA2 genes in four Chinese families with oculocutaneous albinism | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Purpose: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is an autosomal recessive disorder. The most common type OCA1 and OCA2 are caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR) and OCA2 gene, respectively.This study was to evaluate the molecular basis of oculocutaneous albinism in four Chinese families.. Methods: We examined four non-consanguineous OCA families. The TYR and OCA2 genes of all individuals were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced and compared with a reference database.. Results: Four patients, diagnosed as oculocutaneous albinism, presented with milky skin, white or light brown hair and nystagmus. Genetic analyses demonstrated that patient 1 was compound heterozygote for c.1037-7T.A, c.1037-10_11delTT and c.1114delG of TYR gene; patient 2 was heterozygote for c.593C,T and c.1426A,G of OCA2 gene, patient 3 and 4 was compound heterozygote of TYR gene (c.549_510delGT and c.896G,A, c.832C,T and c.985T,C). The heterozygous c.549_510delGT and ...
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2332697
Oculocutaneous albinism Type 1 mutations indicate changes in the recombinant tyrosinase folding and activity. | IOVS | ARVO...Oculocutaneous albinism Type 1 mutations indicate changes in the recombinant tyrosinase folding and activity. | IOVS | ARVO...
Purpose: Oculocutaneous albinism Type 1 (OCA1) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the tyrosinase gene. Two subtypes of OCA1 have been described: severe OCA1A with complete absence of tyrosinase activity and less severe OCA1B with residual tyrosinase activity. Here we characterized the recombinant mutant variants of human tyrosinase intra-melanosomal domain mimicking OCA1 genetic changes.. Methods: Recombinant human tyrosinase (residues 19 - 469 of the native protein) and mutant variants, P406L, R402Q, R422Q, R422W, and T373K were prepared using the site-directed mutagenesis, produced in larvae and purified by IMAC and size-exclusion chromatographies. Specific L-DOPA enzyme activities were obtained by the dopachrome absorption at 475 nm. Trp fluorescence ratio (F360 nm/F320 nm) was measured as a function of urea concentration (1-8 M) for the wild type protein and mutant variants using SpectraMax i3 multimode detection platform. Denaturation curves show a sigmoidal, ...
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2334633
Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 3 (OCA3): Analysis of Two Novel Mutations inTYRP1Gene in Two Chinese Patients | SpringerLinkOculocutaneous Albinism Type 3 (OCA3): Analysis of Two Novel Mutations inTYRP1Gene in Two Chinese Patients | SpringerLink
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetic disease characterized by the reduction or deficiency of melanin in eyes, skin, and hair. OCA exhibits genetic heterogeneity. Presently, there are four types
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12013-011-9234-0
A 1225-Kilobase Deletion of the P Gene Underlies the High Prevalence of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 2 in the Navajo Population...A 1225-Kilobase Deletion of the P Gene Underlies the High Prevalence of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 2 in the Navajo Population...
Abstract: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. There are four known types of OCA: OCA1 OCA4. The clinical manifestations of all types of OCA include skin and hair hypopigmentation and visual impairment. Although there are a few documented observations of high frequency of albinism among Native Americans, including the Hopi, Zuni, Kuna, Jemez, Laguna, San Juan, and Navajo, no causative molecular defect has been previously reported. In the present study, we show that albinism in one Native American population, the Navajo, is caused by a LINE-mediated 122.5-kilobase deletion of the P gene, thus demonstrating that albinism in this population is OCA2. This deletion appears to be Navajo specific, because this allele was not detected in 34 other individuals with albinism who listed other Native American origins, nor has it been reported in any other ethnic group. The molecular characterization of this deletion allele allowed us to design a three-primer polymerase chain ...
https://haplogroup.org/sources/a-1225-kilobase-deletion-of-the-p-gene-underlies-the-high-prevalence-of-oculocutaneous-albinism-type-2-in-the-navajo-population/
MedGen for PubMed (Select 21712187) - MedGen - NCBIMedGen for PubMed (Select 21712187) - MedGen - NCBI
Oculocutaneous albinism is a group of conditions that affect coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. Affected individuals typically have very fair skin and white or light-colored hair. Long-term sun exposure greatly increases the risk of skin damage and skin cancers, including an aggressive form of skin cancer called melanoma, in people with this condition. Oculocutaneous albinism also reduces pigmentation of the colored part of the eye (the iris) and the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the retina). People with this condition usually have vision problems such as reduced sharpness; rapid, involuntary eye movements (nystagmus); and increased sensitivity to light (photophobia).Researchers have identified multiple types of oculocutaneous albinism, which are distinguished by their specific skin, hair, and eye color changes and by their genetic cause. Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 is characterized by white hair, very pale skin, and light-colored irises. Type 2 is typically ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/medgen?LinkName=pubmed_medgen&from_uid=21712187
Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population | Orphanet...Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population | Orphanet...
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is caused by a group of genetically heterogeneous inherited defects that result in the loss of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. Mutations in the TYR, OCA2, TYRP1 and SLC45A2 genes have been shown to cause isolated OCA. No comprehensive analysis has been conducted to study the spectrum of OCA alleles prevailing in Pakistani albino populations. We enrolled 40 large Pakistani families and screened them for OCA genes and a candidate gene, SLC24A5. Protein function effects were evaluated using in silico prediction algorithms and ex vivo studies in human melanocytes. The effects of splice-site mutations were determined using an exon-trapping assay. Screening of the TYR gene revealed four known (p.Arg299His, p.Pro406Leu, p.Gly419Arg, p.Arg278*) and three novel mutations (p.Pro21Leu, p.Cys35Arg, p.Tyr411His) in ten families. Ex vivo studies revealed the retention of an EGFP-tagged mutant (p.Pro21Leu, p.Cys35Arg or p.Tyr411His) tyrosinase in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) at
https://ojrd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1750-1172-7-44/figures/6
Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | GeneticsRescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | Genetics
THE colors and patterns on animal body surfaces are often important for visual communication in the wild and are determined primarily by pigment cells (chromatophores) in vertebrates. The chromatophores are distributed in the skin, and their types, sizes, densities, and physiological activities affect these colors and patterns. Although mouse mutants have contributed greatly to our knowledge of skin- and coat-color formation (see Coat Color Genes, http://www.espcr.org/micemut/), mammals possess only one type of chromatophore, the melanocyte. In fish, up to six chromatophore types (melano-, leuco-, erythro-, xantho-, irido-, and cyanophores) have been identified, and there are two distinctive model species to which molecular genetics can be feasibly applied, the zebrafish and the medaka. Chromatophore studies in these species have successfully provided novel clues to the development, regulation, and interaction of these chromatophores (e.g., Parichy et al. 2000; Fukamachi et al. 2004a; Watanabe ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/178/2/761
Repository of UOI Olympias: Recurrent rhabdomyolysis in a patient with oculocutaneous albinism type 1 and platelet storage...Repository of UOI Olympias: Recurrent rhabdomyolysis in a patient with oculocutaneous albinism type 1 and platelet storage...
Contopoulos-Ioannidis, D./ Evangeliou, A./ ter Laak, H./ de Vries, B./ Pfundt, R./ Scheffer, H./ Smeitink, J./ Tzoufi, M./ Makis, A./ Marinos, E./ Hess, R./ Adams, D./ Huizing, M./ Morava, E. ...
http://olympias.lib.uoi.gr/jspui/handle/123456789/18742?mode=full
albinism III | Hereditary Ocular Diseasesalbinism III | Hereditary Ocular Diseases
This tyrosinase-positive type of albinism is sometimes called rufous (ROCA) or brown (BOCA) oculocutaneous albinism and is frequently found in dark-skinned individual such as Africans, African-Americans, and Hispanics. Like other types it is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. Mutations in the tyrosinase-related protein-1, TYRP1 (9p23), are responsible which seems to lead to an arrest in melanin maturation and a decrease in the amount of insoluble melanin in melanocytes.. Other autosomal recessive types of oculocutaneous albinism are: OCA1 (203100, 606952), OCA2 (203200), and OCA4 (606574). ...
http://disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/category/alternate-names/albinism-iii
Albinism oculocutaneous tyrosinase-positive - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department DermatologyAlbinism oculocutaneous tyrosinase-positive - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department Dermatology
Oculocutaneous albinism with autosomal recessive inherited defects of melanin synthesis (tyrosinase activity normal) with greatly reduced but not completely absent pig...
https://www.altmeyers.org/en/dermatology/albinism-oculocutaneous-tyrosinase-positive-118541
AlbinismAlbinism
These defects may be passed down (inherited) through families.. The most severe form of albinism is called oculocutaneous albinism. People with this type of albinism have white or pink hair, skin, and iris color. They also have vision problems.. Another type of albinism, called ocular albinism type 1 (OA1), affects only the eyes. The persons skin and eye color are usually in the normal range. However, an eye exam will show that there is no coloring in the back of the eye (retina).. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a form of albinism caused by a change to a single gene. It can occur with a bleeding disorder, as well as with lung, kidney, and bowel diseases. ...
http://hhsnj.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=141&isarticlelink=false&pid=1&gid=001479
Functional interactions between OCA2 and the protein complexes BLOC-1, BLOC-2, and AP-3 inferred from epistatic analyses of...Functional interactions between OCA2 and the protein complexes BLOC-1, BLOC-2, and AP-3 inferred from epistatic analyses of...
The biogenesis of melanosomes is a multistage process that requires the function of cell-type-specific and ubiquitously expressed proteins. OCA2, the product of the gene defective in oculocutaneous albinism type 2, is a melanosomal membrane protein with restricted expression pattern and a potential role in the trafficking of other proteins to melanosomes. The ubiquitous protein complexes AP-3, BLOC-1, and BLOC-2, which contain as subunits the products of genes defective in various types of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, have been likewise implicated in trafficking to melanosomes. We have tested for genetic interactions between mutant alleles causing deficiency in OCA2 (pink-eyed dilution unstable), AP-3 (pearl), BLOC-1 (pallid), and BLOC-2 (cocoa) in C57BL/6J mice. The pallid allele was epistatic to pink-eyed dilution, and the latter behaved as a semi-dominant phenotypic enhancer of cocoa and, to a lesser extent, of pearl. These observations suggest functional links between OCA2 and these three ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1755-148X.2010.00815.x/full
Refractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome | British Journal of OphthalmologyRefractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome | British Journal of Ophthalmology
Patients/methods This is a retrospective study of 132 albino patients, ranging in age from 0.5 to 35 years. They were divided into four subtypes: OCA1A, OCA1B and OCA1C, and OCA2. Refractive errors were evaluated objectively by cycloplegic refraction and subjectively in cooperative patients. Best corrected visual acuity was assessed binocularly. Refractive errors were divided into three groups-hypermetropia, myopia and astigmatism-to avoid the use of spherical equivalent. ...
http://bjo.bmj.com/content/96/4/537.full
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological SciencesProceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences
The most frequent genetic basis for albinism in Africa is via homozygosity (often via culturally imbedded inbreeding) for an autosomal recessive variant of the gene OCA2 (oculocutaneous albinism type II), which encodes the P protein critically involved in pigmentation [8,102] (figure 1) and whose natural variants in Europeans are linked to skin cancer risk in GWAS [39,103]. Most African albinos have the same 2.7 kb deletion OCA2 mutation, indicative of a founder allele arising before the dispersion of ethnic subgroups throughout Africa 2000-3000 years ago [104]. The same mutation is commonly found in albinos in America of African or mixed African descent [105]. OCA2 type II, unlike type I, retains tyrosinase activity and therefore OCA2 albinos do synthesize pheomelanin (see figure 1) and have a variable capacity to develop pigmented patches or ephelides on exposed skin which may, as in normal white skin, provide some protection from UV damage and cancer [106,107]. Early studies showed that ...
http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/281/1781/20132955.full
William & Mary - Visually Impaired/BlindWilliam & Mary - Visually Impaired/Blind
Oculocutaneous albinism is a group of conditions that affect coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. Affected individuals typically have very fair skin and white or light-colored hair. Long-term sun exposure greatly increases the risk of skin damage and skin cancers, including an aggressive form of skin cancer called melanoma, in people with this condition. Oculocutaneous albinism also reduces pigmentation of the colored part of the eye (the iris) and the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the retina). People with this condition usually have vision problems such as reduced sharpness; rapid, involuntary eye movements (nystagmus); and increased sensitivity to light (photophobia).. ...
http://www.wm.edu/offices/deanofstudents/services/studentaccessibilityservices/resources1/conditions/visuallyimpaired/index.php
Gene Ontology ClassificationsGene Ontology Classifications
Predicted to have calcium channel activity and calcium, potassium:sodium antiporter activity. Involved in negative regulation of melanin biosynthetic process. Predicted to localize to trans-Golgi network. Is expressed in brain; ear; embryo mesenchyme; and liver. Used to study ocular albinism. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in oculocutaneous albinism type VI. Orthologous to human SLC24A5 (solute carrier family 24 member 5 ...
http://www.informatics.jax.org/go/marker/MGI:2677271
SearchSearch
SLC45A2 gene, having a chromosomal location 5p13.2, encodes a membrane associated transporter protein (MATP). MATP is a transmembrane protein. It is present in the melanosomal membrane in the melanocytes. It maintains the osmotic potential by regulating the pH of the melanosomal lumen. Defects in the SLC45A2 gene causes oculocutaneous albinism type IV; OCA IV ...
http://documents.irevues.inist.fr/handle/2042/15655/discover?rpp=10&page=1&group_by=none&etal=0&filter_relational_operator_3=equals&filter_relational_operator_2=equals&filter_relational_operator_4=equals&filter_0=Animals&filter_relational_operator_1=equals&filter_2=2019&filter_relational_operator_0=equals&filter_1=Benzodioxoles%2Fpharmacology%2F
SLC45A2 - WikipediaSLC45A2 - Wikipedia
Membrane-associated transporter protein (MATP) also known as solute carrier family 45 member 2 (SLC45A2) or melanoma antigen AIM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC45A2 gene. SLC45A2 is a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. SLC45A2 is also a melanocyte differentiation antigen that is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines. A similar sequence gene in medaka fish, B, encodes a transporter that mediates melanin synthesis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. In melanocytic cell types, the SLC45A2 gene is regulated by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. SLC45A2 has been found to play a role in pigmentation in several species. In humans, it has been identified as a factor in the light skin of Europeans and as an ancestry-informative marker (AIM) for distinguishing Sri Lankan from European ancestry. SLC45A2 is the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC45A2
Membrane-associated transporter proteinMembrane-associated transporter protein
SLC45A2 is a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. SLC45A2 is also a melanocyte differentiation antigen that is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines.[8] A similar sequence gene in medaka fish, B, encodes a transporter that mediates melanin synthesis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[7] Protein expression is localized to the melanosome, and analysis of the by knockdown of RNA expression leads to altered melanosome pH potentially altering tyrosinase function by affecting copper binding.[9] In melanocytic cell types, the SLC45A2 gene is regulated by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.[10][11] SLC45A2 has been found to play a role in pigmentation in several species. In humans, it has been identified as a factor in the light skin of Europeans and as an ancestry-informative marker (AIM) for distinguishing Sri Lankan from European ...
https://readtiger.com/wkp/en/Membrane-associated_transporter_protein
Tyrosinase-Related Protein 1 - CAGSTyrosinase-Related Protein 1 - CAGS
Monies et al. (2017) illustrated the genomic landscape of Saudi Arabia based on the findings of 1000 diagnostic panels and exomes. One patient, an 11-year-old male, suffered from hemimegalencephaly, developmental delay and ADHD. He also had abnormal pigmentation all over his body. Whole exome sequencing helped identify a dual molecular diagnosis in this patient. A heterozygous mutation (c.1557T,G, p.Y519X) was found in exon 8 of the patients TYRP1 gene, associated with oculocutaneous albinism type 3, and a heterozygous variant (c.90G,A, p.W30X) was uncovered in exon 1 of the TGIF1 gene, associated with holoprosencephaly 4. Such dual molecular diagnoses were rare and only occurred in 1.5% of the cohort. ...
http://cags.org.ae/ctga/details.aspx?id=2412
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta-Induced Factor - CAGSTransforming Growth Factor-Beta-Induced Factor - CAGS
Monies et al. (2017) reported the genomic landscape of Saudi Arabia based on the findings of 1000 diagnostic panels and exomes. One patient, an 11-year-old male, suffered from hemimegalencephaly, developmental delay and ADHD. He also had abnormal pigmentation all over his body. Whole exome sequencing helped identify a dual molecular diagnosis in this patient. A heterozygous mutation (c.1557T,G, p.Y519X) was found in exon 8 of the patients TYRP1 gene, associated with oculocutaneous albinism type 3, and a heterozygous variant (c.90G,A, p.W30X) was uncovered in exon 1 of the TGIF1 gene, associated with HPE4. Such dual molecular diagnoses were rare and only occurred in 1.5% of the cohort. Further, given the atypical presentation of the patient, this case helped in the phenotypic expansion of the HPE4 disorder. ...
http://cags.org.ae/ctga/details.aspx?id=2409
Forskjell mellom sidene «Fremre segment og iris» og «Fleischer-ring» - JournalWikiForskjell mellom sidene «Fremre segment og iris» og «Fleischer-ring» - JournalWiki
Albinisme]] kommer av manglende produksjon av [[melanin]] som skyldes forskjellige typer enzymatiske feil, og hyppigst rammer feilen omdannelsen av tyrosin til [[melanin]]. Vanlige funn ved øyeundersøkelse hos pasienter med [[albinisme]] er nedsatt pigmentering av [[iris]] og [[pigmentepitel]]et til [[retina]], gjennomsiktig [[iris]], [[nystagmus]], synsvekkelse grunnet [[hypoplasi]] av [[fovea]], samt lysømfintlighet. ,ref, Lewis RA. Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1. 2000 Jan 19 [Oppdatert 16.03.2013]. In: Pagon RA, Adam MP, Ardinger HH, et al., editors. GeneReviews® [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2016. Tilgjengelig fra: [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1166/ GeneReviews] sitert 19/1-2016. ,/ref,. Andre funn hos pasienter med [[albinisme]] er hvitlig/lyserød [[hudfarge]], gult/hvitt hår og rødlige gjenskinn i [[pupille]]n. Den rødlige fargen kommer fra refleksjon av kar i [[choroidea]] (årehinnen i øyet). ,ref, Store Norske Leksikon, Albinisme ...
https://studmed.uio.no/journalwiki/index.php?title=Stilling,_leie_og_bevegelighet&diff=5223&oldid=4149
Trial of L-DOPA as a Treatment to Improve Vision in Albinism - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govTrial of L-DOPA as a Treatment to Improve Vision in Albinism - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
A group of 45 individuals with the clinical findings of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) will be randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: treatment with 0.76 mg/kg/d with 25% carbidopa, 0.51 mg/kg/d levodopa with 25% carbidopa [divided into 3 doses/d), or placebo. Subjects will be between ages 3 and 60 years. Blood will be drawn to determine the mutation(s) in the genes that causes OCA. Primary outcome will be binocular best-corrected visual acuity measured with the EVA. Enrollment and 20 week examination will be complete eye exam with fundus photos. At weeks 5, 10, and 15, exams will include just vital signs and BCVA. At all visits, a review of potential side effects will be conducted. Between visits, subjects will be contacted to determine if any side effects have occurred. The study will remain double masked until the last study examination on the last subject has been performed. At that time, the data will be statistically analyzed and subjects will be informed re: treatment assignment, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01176435?recr=Open&cond=%22Pigmentation+Disorders%22&rank=15
Trial of L-DOPA as a Treatment to Improve Vision in Albinism - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govTrial of L-DOPA as a Treatment to Improve Vision in Albinism - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
A group of 45 individuals with the clinical findings of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) will be randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups: treatment with 0.76 mg/kg/d with 25% carbidopa, 0.51 mg/kg/d levodopa with 25% carbidopa [divided into 3 doses/d), or placebo. Subjects will be between ages 3 and 60 years. Blood will be drawn to determine the mutation(s) in the genes that causes OCA. Primary outcome will be binocular best-corrected visual acuity measured with the EVA. Enrollment and 20 week examination will be complete eye exam with fundus photos. At weeks 5, 10, and 15, exams will include just vital signs and BCVA. At all visits, a review of potential side effects will be conducted. Between visits, subjects will be contacted to determine if any side effects have occurred. The study will remain double masked until the last study examination on the last subject has been performed. At that time, the data will be statistically analyzed and subjects will be informed re: treatment assignment, ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01176435
OCA4 | Hereditary Ocular DiseasesOCA4 | Hereditary Ocular Diseases
The ocular manifestations in type IV oculocutaneous albinism are similar to those of other types. Nystagmus, strabismus, misrouting of neuronal axons, and foveal hypoplasia are prominent features although there is some clinical heterogeneity among patients. Nystagmus may not be present at birth but is almost always evident by 3-4 months of age. The iris may be pale blue or tan and does not generally darken with age. Poor stereopsis is common. Vision is stable after childhood and usually in the range of 20/100-20/400. ...
https://disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/category/alternate-names/oca4
Two patients with Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome Type 2 and novel mutations in AP3B1 | HaematologicaTwo patients with Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome Type 2 and novel mutations in AP3B1 | Haematologica
Hermansky Pudlak Syndrome Type 2 (HPS2) is a rare disorder associated with mutations in the Adaptor Protein 3 (AP-3) complex, which is involved in sorting transmembrane proteins to lysosomes and related organelles. We now report two unrelated subjects with HPS2 who show a characteristic clinical phenotype of oculocutaneous albinism, platelet and T-lymphocyte dysfunction and neutropenia. The subjects were homozygous for different deletions within AP3B1 (g.del180242-180866, c.del153-156), which encodes the AP-3β3A subunit, resulting in frame shifts and introduction of nonsense substitutions (p.E693fsX13, p.E52fsX11). In the subject with p.E693fsX13, this resulted in expression of a truncated variant β3A protein. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) clones from both study subjects showed increased cell-surface expression of CD63 and reduced cytotoxicity. Platelets showed impaired aggregation and reduced uptake of 3H-serotonin. These findings are consistent with CTL granule and platelet dense granule ...
http://www.haematologica.org/content/early/2009/08/13/haematol.2009.012286
Nearly Blind Baby Sees Mom for the First Time, and His Heart-Melting Reaction Makes Film Producer Dad Almost Drop Camera -...Nearly Blind Baby Sees Mom for the First Time, and His Heart-Melting Reaction Makes Film Producer Dad Almost Drop Camera -...
Because four-month-old Leopold Reppond suffers from Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA), a rare condition which affects the pigmentation of the skin,...
http://www.simplegrace.com/posts/nearly-blind-baby-sees-mom-for-the-first-time-and-his-heart-melting-reaction-makes-film-producer-dad-almost-drop-camera-98148
Baby Leopold Has the Cheeziest Grin After Special Glasses Allow Him to See for the First Time - Parenting - crazy parenting...Baby Leopold Has the Cheeziest Grin After Special Glasses Allow Him to See for the First Time - Parenting - crazy parenting...
This cute little dude suffers from oculocutaneous albinism, a condition that affects the color of his hair, skin and also his vision. But thanks to some special infant glasses from Miraflex, Leo is able to see his mom and dad for the first time. There wasnt a dry eye in the room. ...
http://cheezburger.com/79376897/glasses-baby-see-first-time-heartwarming-parenting
UniProtKB/SwissProt variant VAR 022714UniProtKB/SwissProt variant VAR 022714
Albinism, oculocutaneous, 4 (OCA4) [MIM:606574]: A disorder of pigmentation characterized by reduced biosynthesis of melanin in the skin, hair and eyes. Patients show reduced or lacking pigmentation associated with classic albinism ocular abnormalities, including decreased visual acuity, macular hypoplasia, optic dysplasia, atypical choroidal vessels, and nystagmus. {ECO:0000269,PubMed:11574907, ECO:0000269,PubMed:14722913, ECO:0000269,PubMed:14961451, ECO:0000269,PubMed:15656822, ECO:0000269,PubMed:17768386, ECO:0000269,PubMed:19865097, ECO:0000269,PubMed:23504663}. Note=The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry ...
http://web.expasy.org/variant_pages/VAR_022714.html
MATP (Demonstration Contest) - MATP (Motor Activity Training Program)MATP (Demonstration Contest) - MATP (Motor Activity Training Program)
Motor Activity Training Program (MATP) is a so called demonstration event. It takes place on March, 23rd, in the Messe Graz (Hall A, Ground Floor). ...
http://austria2017.org/en/games-2017/die-spiele/sportarten/matp-demonstration-contest
Growing Oca: Oca as a Late-Planted Crop… Seems to WorkGrowing Oca: Oca as a Late-Planted Crop… Seems to Work
Most growers start their oca tubers in pots indoors as early as possible, and move them outside to their final planting site as soon as the threat of frost has passed. This gives the longest available growing season, and hence more foliage with which to make more tubers. This is quite logical, but oca grows slowly in Spring, and quickly in late Summer, so the question arises - why squander valuable Spring planting space on widely spaced small plants? Why not treat Oca as a late-planted follow-on crop utilising space made available by the harvest of Spring crops? Worth a try I thought, so these plants ...
http://oca-testbed.blogspot.com/2014/03/oca-as-late-planted-crop-seems-to-work.html
Ocular albinism - WikipediaOcular albinism - Wikipedia
Ocular albinism is a form of albinism which, in contrast to oculocutaneous albinism, presents primarily in the eyes.[1] There are multiple forms of ocular albinism, which are clinically similar.[2]:865. Both known genes are on the X chromosome. When the term autosomal recessive ocular albinism (AROA) is used, it usually refers to mild variants of oculocutaneous albinism rather than ocular albinism, which is X-linked.[3]. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocular_albinism
The Difference Between Albinism, Leucism & Isabellinism - KnowledgeNutsThe Difference Between Albinism, Leucism & Isabellinism - KnowledgeNuts
Its estimated that about one in every 18,000-20,000 people in the United States have some form of albinism.. There are several different forms. Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) happens when theres a mutation in one gene. OCA results in white skin, white hair, and blue eyes.. X-linked ocular albinism occurs only in men, and manifests as light-colored skin and hair thats still considered within the normal range.. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome has symptoms similar to OCA, but its more common in Puerto Rico and its usually accompanied by blood, lung, and bowel disorders.. And Chediak-Higashi syndrome is a rare version that gives hair a silver cast and causes skin to be grayish. White blood cell counts are often affected as well, making people with this type more prone to infections.. As for eye color in humans with albinism, the red, pink, or purple appearance can show up when the light is just right. While the eyes themselves can be blue or brown, the lack of pigmentation can make them seem ...
http://knowledgenuts.com/2016/02/05/the-difference-between-albinism-leucism-isabellinism/comment-page-36/
Differential Gene Expression of TRPM1, the Potential Cause of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness and Coat Spotting Patterns ...Differential Gene Expression of TRPM1, the Potential Cause of Congenital Stationary Night Blindness and Coat Spotting Patterns ...
COAT color has been a fascinating topic of genetic discussion and discovery for over a century. The pigment genes of mice were one of the first genetic systems to be explored through breeding and transgenic studies. To date, at least 127 loci involved in pigmentation have been described (Silvers 1979; Bennett and Lamoreux 2003). The genes that affect pigmentation in the skin and hair influence other body systems, and many of these genes have been studied in different mammals. One of the most extensively studied examples is oculocutaneous albinism type 1, a developmental disorder in humans that affects pigmentation in the skin and hair, as well as eye development. This disease is caused by mutations in the tyrosinase gene (TYR), which is involved in the first step of melanin production (Toyofuko et al. 2001; Ray et al. 2007).. Horses (Equus caballus) are valued by breeders and enthusiasts for their beauty and variety of coat color and patterns. The genetic mechanisms involved in several different ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/179/4/1861.long
Animals with albinism - definition of Animals with albinism by The Free DictionaryAnimals with albinism - definition of Animals with albinism by The Free Dictionary
Define Animals with albinism. Animals with albinism synonyms, Animals with albinism pronunciation, Animals with albinism translation, English dictionary definition of Animals with albinism. n. 1. Any of several inherited conditions characterized by the reduction or absence of the pigment melanin in a person or animal, resulting in lack of...
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Animals+with+albinism
Osteoporosis and Oculocutaneous Hypopigmentation Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical TrialsOsteoporosis and Oculocutaneous Hypopigmentation Syndrome disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials
NIH Rare Diseases : 53 The following summary is from Orphanet, a European reference portal for information on rare diseases and orphan drugs.Orpha Number: 2786DefinitionOsteoporosis-oculocutaneous hypopigmentation syndrome is characterised by osteoporosis and congenital oculocutaneous hypopigmentation. Three cases have been described in the literature. The mode of inheritance appears to be autosomal recessive.Visit the Orphanet disease page for more resources ...
https://www.malacards.org/card/osteoporosis_and_oculocutaneous_hypopigmentation_syndrome
Get Involved Through Albinism InSight Magazine - NOAH - AlbinismGet Involved Through Albinism InSight Magazine - NOAH - Albinism
For the latest news, events and information about the albinism community, subscribe to Albinism InSight today. NOAH is a volunteer organization which provides people with albinism, their families and those that work with them the opportunity to get information, ask questions, share their experiences, and connect with the albinism community. Resources are also available for those doing a report on albino people.
http://www.albinism.org/site/c.flKYIdOUIhJ4H/b.9539619/k.6E64/Get_Involved_Through_Albinism_InSight_Magazine.htm
Organization Info | The Albinism Alliance GroupOrganization Info | The Albinism Alliance Group
Building a Powerful Impact w/Grassroots Albinism Special Interest Groups!. The Albinism Alliance Group or TAAG is an advocacy network organized to Celebrate the Beauty of Albinism! To accomplish this we serve as an informational resource to the community. Were creating a series of information pertinent to understanding living with albinism and related characteristics. TAAG envisions a larger mulch-cultural resource by joining forces with other special interest grassroots organizations.. The Albinism Alliance Group was formed in March of 2003. and created from merging The Atlanta Area Support Group and online social network Blonde Black Cuties. Since then, membership has grown tremendously and we currently have 397 members around the world.. We have furthered endeavors with social networking, online activities, and meet and greets. Additional activities and events have blossomed into meaningful memories by giving people from all walks of life, an opportunity to share experiences of living ...
http://albinism-alliance.org/category/organization-info/
Two Complex Cases of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Highlight a Potential Biologic Explanation for an Associated Crohns Disease...Two Complex Cases of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Highlight a Potential Biologic Explanation for an Associated Crohns Disease...
Originally described in 1959 by Drs. Hermansky and Pudlak, HPS is now known to be a rare autosomal recessive disease of lysosome-related organelles.2 There are several subtypes, but all share oculocutaneous albinism and platelet dysfunction.1 Different subtypes have associated conditions and differ in the affected gene.3 HPS type 1 is the most common subtype and is associated with Puerto Rican heritage due to a founder mutation in this population. HPS types 1 and 4 are associated with granulomatous enterocolitis that is phenotypically similar to CD.1,4,5 A case series of 4 patients reported that 3 of 4 patients had perianal disease, all were treated with infliximab, and 2 of 4 patients had complete response to infliximab at 6 weeks.6 Similar to the patient in Case 1, two of their patients underwent colectomy, one of which was due to severe acute rectal hemorrhage. In a case series of 8 HPS patients with colitis seen on colonoscopy, 1 patient showed perianal disease and 2 patients were treated ...
http://acgcasereports.gi.org/two-complex-cases-of-hermansky-pudlak-syndrome-highlight-a-potential-biologic-explanation-for-an-associated-crohns-disease-phenotype/
Albinism, ocular | Article about Albinism, ocular by The Free DictionaryAlbinism, ocular | Article about Albinism, ocular by The Free Dictionary
Looking for Albinism, ocular? Find out information about Albinism, ocular. The state of having colorless chromatophores, which results in the absence of pigmentation in animals that are normally pigmented. A hereditary, metabolic... Explanation of Albinism, ocular
http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Albinism%2C+ocular
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein elisa and antibodyHermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein elisa and antibody
Shop Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome 4 protein Antibody at MyBioSource. Custom ELISA Kit, Recombinant Protein and Antibody are available.
https://www.mybiosource.com/protein_family.php?root=hermansky-pudlak-syndrome-4-protein
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome: Definition with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Pictures and PhotosHermansky-Pudlak syndrome: Definition with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome Pictures and Photos
Definition of Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome with photos and pictures, translations, sample usage, and additional links for more information.
http://www.lexic.us/definition-of/Hermansky-Pudlak_syndrome
Direct molecular identification of the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutat by M H. Brilliant, Y Gondo et al.Direct molecular identification of the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutat by M H. Brilliant, Y Gondo et al.
DNA sequences associated with the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation were identified in the absence of closely linked molecular markers and without prior knowledge of the encoded gene product. This was accomplished by genome scanning,: a technique in which high-resolution Southern blots of genomic DNAs were hybridized to a dispersed and moderately repetitive DNA sequence. In this assay, pink-eyed unstable DNA was distinguished from the DNA of wild-type and revertant mice by enhanced hybridization to one of several hundred resolved fragments. The fragment showing enhanced hybridization in pink-eyed unstable DNA was cloned and found to lie within a DNA duplication that is located close to, or within, the pink-eyed dilution locus. The duplication associated with the mouse pink-eyed unstable mutation may mediate the high reversion frequency characteristic of this mutation.
https://mouseion.jax.org/stfb1990_1999/125/
Albinism Insight | National Organization for Albinism and HypopigmentationAlbinism Insight | National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation
Subscribe Today! What is Albinism InSight? ~ Why Subscribe? ~ Missed an Issue? ~ Just for Educators ~ Submit Content to AI What is Albinism InSight? Published
https://albinism.org/ai/
Albinism in children - What Doctors Want You to KnowAlbinism in children - What Doctors Want You to Know
Albinism in children - What are the chances of a person with albinism passing his problem to their children? X-linked or recesiv. The transmission of albinism will depend on the form involved. A male may have an x-linked or autosomal recessive (ar) form. A female is most likely to have the recessive form. A male would not pass it to his sons but could pass the carrier state to his unaffected daughters who might pass it to her sons. The ar albino only passes a carrier state unless the spouse carries the ar gene.
https://www.healthtap.com/topics/albinism-in-children
Albinism in Animals | HowStuffWorksAlbinism in Animals | HowStuffWorks
Albinism in Animals - Albinism in animals is rare, but nearly every species can produce offspring with albinism. Learn about albanism in animals.
https://health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/problems/medical/albinism6.htm
CiNii 論文 - Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome の最新の知見2. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 関連蛋白質群 : 膜輸送とメラノソーム生合成に関してCiNii 論文 - Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome の最新の知見2. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 関連蛋白質群 : 膜輸送とメラノソーム生合成に関して
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome の最新の知見2. Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 関連蛋白質群 : 膜輸送とメラノソーム生合成に関して Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome : new insights into membrane trafficking and biogenesis of melanosome ...
https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10018350637
Genetics of Hermansky-Pudlak SyndromeGenetics of Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, with symptoms such as albinism, prolonged bleeding and cell storage problems.
http://www.brighthub.com/science/genetics/articles/38333.aspx
Pharmacogenetics of Warfarin in Puerto Rican Patients using a Physiogenomics Appr - Jorge DucongePharmacogenetics of Warfarin in Puerto Rican Patients using a Physiogenomics Appr - Jorge Duconge
Warfarin is a frequently prescribed drug for both the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic complications. Although many reports have been published over t...
http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/SC2-HL110393-02
Albinism Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, CausesAlbinism Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Albinism consists of a group of inherited abnormalities of melanin synthesis and are typically characterized by a congenital reduction or absence of melanin pigment. Albinism results from defective production of melanin from tyrosine through a complex pathway of metabolic reactions.
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1200472-clinical
Albinism Essay Research Paper AlbinismIn the pastAlbinism Essay Research Paper AlbinismIn the past
Albinism Essay, Research Paper Albinism In the past, albinos were usually treated with fear or awe. They were sometimes killed at birth. Albino births were common enough in some groups not to cause any excitement. For example, among the San Blas Indians of Panama, one in approximately 130 births is an albino.
http://mirznanii.com/a/76052/albinism-essay-research-paper-albinismin-the-past
AlbinismAlbinism
Humans, animals, and even plants can have albinism, a condition that gives people a kind of pale appearance. Find out more about albinism here.
http://kidshealth.org/WillisKnighton/en/teens/albinism.html?view=rr
Albinism Facts and FictionAlbinism Facts and Fiction
The past decade has brought news of an atrocity, mainly from Africa: the slaughter of humans with albinism for their body parts for use in ritual magic. Bodies are usually found headless and missing one or more limbs, but sometimes are completely torn apart, missing even internal organs. The reason is, of course, pure unadulterated pseudoscience; we can confidently state that there is no magical benefit to the use of unpigmented body parts, and thats to say nothing of the abhorrence of murder for any purpose. Clearly there are some fictional beliefs out there concerning the nature of people with albinism, and today were going to look at some more of these beliefs that might be held even by those of us who are not into black magic.. But the use of their body parts in ritual magic is the elephant in the room. Arms and legs are the witch doctors preferred bits. They are used as charms and talismans, and other body parts also have magical value, such as hair being sewn into fishing nets to bring ...
https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4425
gene therapy for albinismgene therapy for albinism
Humans, animals, and even plants can have albinism, a condition that gives people a kind of . Albinism is a genetic condition where people are born without the usual . So can talking to a counselor or therapist to get ideas on coping with the ...
http://tadijomajop.opx.pl/gene-therapy-for-albinism.php
Albinism by Lindsey Sieja on PreziAlbinism by Lindsey Sieja on Prezi
www.abinism.org Work Cited Staff, Mayo Clinic. Definition. Mayo Clinic. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 02 Apr. 2011. Web. 09 May 2013. ,http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/albinism/DS00941/DSECTION=symptoms,. (affected) http://geneticdisordersp7.wikispaces.com/Albinism http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Reading_glasses. ...
https://prezi.com/qkei0earr5jo/albinism/
Ataxia-Telangiectasia in Ophthalmology Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, CausesAtaxia-Telangiectasia in Ophthalmology Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive genetic disease characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, oculocutaneous telangiectasia, and recurrent respiratory and sinus infections. The first case described in the literature was a 9-year-old child with progressive cerebellar ataxia and bilateral oculocutaneous telangiectasia re...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1219140-clinical
Albinism panel - Sequencing-NGS, WGS, WES, NBS,BRCA, Carrier ScreeningAlbinism panel - Sequencing-NGS, WGS, WES, NBS,BRCA, Carrier Screening
Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) for deletuion/ duplication ananlysis , Sequence analysis of the entire coding region Albinism are thetests Panel includes sequence analysis of the following 20 genes: TYR, OCA2, TYPR1, SLC45A2,
https://mapmygenome.in/diagnostics/albinism-panel
DMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Skin Disorders: AlbinismDMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Skin Disorders: Albinism
Albinism is a genetic condition resulting in a lack of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. It is an inherited condition arising from the combination of recessive genes passed from both parents of an individual. A variety of problems with photosensitivity in eyesight and skin usually result from the condition.
http://dmoztools.net/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Skin_Disorders/Albinism/
Albinism - Health, Conditions and Diseases, Skin DisordersAlbinism - Health, Conditions and Diseases, Skin Disorders
Albinism is a genetic condition resulting in a lack of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. It is an inherited condition arising from the combination.
http://www.inter.rs/kategorije/Health/Conditions_and_Diseases/Skin_Disorders/Albinism/
Condition Navigator - Page 85 of 85 - Medicine and HealthCondition Navigator - Page 85 of 85 - Medicine and Health
Albinism refers to a group of rare inherited disorders that are present from birth. Albinism affects the amount of pigment found in the skin, hair, and eyes. People with albinism usually have little to no pigment in their eyes, skin, and hair, but the degree of pigment loss can be quite variable. There are four types of Albinism:. ...
http://mednhealth.com/medical-condition-library/condition-navigator/page/85/
Blind or Not-Quite-So-Blind - Albinism Up CloseBlind or Not-Quite-So-Blind - Albinism Up Close
Partial or complete loss of sight? Inability to see?. Well, thats undefined, but this indefinite definition is a good thing for those of us with Albinism. We all have some form of partial loss of sight do we not? This unclear definition of blindness puts us in a large and varied group of people. It places us within a certain community; one in which we can confide and receive guidance, assistance, and understanding. As a community, we need to stand together! This is our place: to encourage, to lead, to inform, and to be a beacon to the world. We have to let the world know that we deserve every opportunity, and we will fight just as hard and harder to turn that opportunity into a life filled with success.. This is my call to action to all of you; dont be afraid of who you are; be your own advocate; accomplish everything that you want to accomplish; and when you have done so, dream even bigger. These are our lives.. This site is here for this exact purpose: to bring us together. Feel free to ...
https://albinismupclose.com/blind-or-not-quite-so-blind/
Albinism Archives - Albinism Up CloseAlbinism Archives - Albinism Up Close
Hope can keep us going when times are at their darkest, but in rare circumstances, hope can be detrimental to progress. Oh, how I know this truth well. I am a huge believer in hope; the eternal optimist most days. But, in this one case, hope broke my heart. ...
https://albinismupclose.com/category/albinism/
OMIA - Online Mendelian Inheritance in AnimalsOMIA - Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals
Mendelian trait/disorder: yes Mode of inheritance: Autosomal Recessive Considered a defect: no Key variant known: yes Year key variant first reported: 2015 Key variant is published: no Species-specific symbol: OH History: As reported by Hollman et al. (2017), via a personal communication from Dr Jon Beever, Recently an alteration of iris coloration has been observed in Angus and Simmental breed. Affected cattle showed an oculocutaneous hypopigmentation (OH) with a pale blue iris and a tan periphery coupled with a change in coat color from black to chocolate. It is assumed that this aberration was introduced into the Simmental breed in the late 1950s by Angus founders and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. As described by Dr Beever in a 2015 press release from the American Simmental Association (Anon., 2015), In the spring of 2012, the American Simmental Association (ASA) received an abnormality report indicating the occurrence of a newborn calf with white-colored eyes and a ...
https://omia.org/OMIA002101/9913/
A Run Through History 5K to be held in Oyster Bay, NY | Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome NetworkA Run Through History 5K to be held in Oyster Bay, NY | Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Network
The second annual A Run Through History will be held Sunday, Oct. 22nd at 8:30 am at Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Park in Oyster Bay, NY. The event will benefit the HPS Network and PeerPals.org. To participate in the race, there is a $25 entrance fee, plus a $2.50 sign-up fee. Come run, or just w ...
https://www.hpsnetwork.org/newsroom/a-run-through-history-5k-to-be-held-in-oyster-bay-ny/
Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 3 (HPS3) AntikörperHermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 3 (HPS3) Antikörper
Reaktivität: Rind (Kuh), Hund, Meerschweinchen and more. 50 verschiedene HPS3 Antikörper vergleichen. Alle direkt auf antikörper-online bestellbar!
http://www.antikoerper-online.de/abstract/HermanskyPudlak+Syndrome+3+
Supporters escape to fund the cure | Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome NetworkSupporters escape to fund the cure | Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome Network
Supporters of the HPS Network took on the challenge of an escape room at The Great Escape Zone in Bensalem, PA to benefit the HPS Network. The event was org(...)
https://www.hpsnetwork.org/newsroom/supporters-escape-to-fund-the-cure/
Living on the frontlines: The Wrath of Dr. Khan: ER vs MedicineLiving on the frontlines: The Wrath of Dr. Khan: ER vs Medicine
Ive kept a journal since I was about 13 years old. In it, I recorded everything around me fit for public consumption (you never know who might find a journal.) I recorded the day-to-day events of life, commentary on world events, and the rites of passage I experienced growing up. As an adult, however, life suddenly didnt inspire entries - it got in the way of them. Once grand ambition faded into the pragmatism of trying to pay the bills. Then, in 2002, I learned I had Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, a rare type of albinism that causes a myriad of other health problems including a bleeding disorder, colitis and pulmonary fibrosis. At 29, I learned most people with the type of HPS I have pass away in their late 30s to early 40s. Suddenly I wanted to journal again. I wanted to leave a record of what had happened to me and what Id learned from it. Yet writing it down has often been too painful. Here is my attempt to reconnect with my old self. I dont want my life to be defined by HPS. I want to think ...
http://heatherkirkwood.blogspot.com/2012/01/wrath-of-dr-khan-er-vs-medicine.html
Living on the frontlines: Health Update: The stomach bugLiving on the frontlines: Health Update: The stomach bug
Ive kept a journal since I was about 13 years old. In it, I recorded everything around me fit for public consumption (you never know who might find a journal.) I recorded the day-to-day events of life, commentary on world events, and the rites of passage I experienced growing up. As an adult, however, life suddenly didnt inspire entries - it got in the way of them. Once grand ambition faded into the pragmatism of trying to pay the bills. Then, in 2002, I learned I had Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, a rare type of albinism that causes a myriad of other health problems including a bleeding disorder, colitis and pulmonary fibrosis. At 29, I learned most people with the type of HPS I have pass away in their late 30s to early 40s. Suddenly I wanted to journal again. I wanted to leave a record of what had happened to me and what Id learned from it. Yet writing it down has often been too painful. Here is my attempt to reconnect with my old self. I dont want my life to be defined by HPS. I want to think ...
http://heatherkirkwood.blogspot.com/2011/10/health-update-stomach-bug.html
LeucismLeucism
"Oculocutaneous Albinism". NORD (National Organization for Rare Disorders). Retrieved 2020-06-23. Coat colour, dominant white at ... This is in contrast to albinism, for which leucism is often mistaken. Albinism results in the reduction of melanin production ... Due to the lack of melanin production in both the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) and iris, those affected by albinism ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leucism
List of OMIM disorder codesList of OMIM disorder codes
TYRP1 Albinism, oculocutaneous, type IA; 203100; TYR Albinism, oculocutaneous, type IB; 606952; TYR Albinism, oculocutaneous, ... CACNA1F Albinism, brown oculocutaneous; 203200; OCA2 Albinism, brown; 203290; ... ATP7A Ocular albinism, type I, Nettleship-Falls type; 300500; GPR143 Oculoauricular syndrome; 612109; HMX1 Oculocutaneous ... MITF Waardenburg syndrome/albinism, digenic; 103470; TYR Waardenburg syndrome/ocular albinism, digenic; 103470; MITF Wagner ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_OMIM_disorder_codes
Human skin colorHuman skin color
One common type of albinism is oculocutaneous albinism or OCA, which has many subtypes caused by different genetic mutations. ... Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a lack of pigment in the eyes, skin and sometimes hair that occurs in a very small fraction of ... OCA2 Oculocutaneous albinism II (OCA2) assists in the regulation of pH in melanocytes. The OCA2 gene's derived His615Arg ( ... ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS, TYPE IA; OCA1A Archived 2010-08-03 at the Wayback Machine, Johns Hopkins University Tobin, D. J. ( ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_skin_color
OCA2OCA2
Oculocutaneous albinism caused by mutations in the OCA2 gene is called oculocutaneous albinism type 2. The prevalence of OCA ... "Mutations of the P gene in oculocutaneous albinism, ocular albinism, and Prader-Willi syndrome plus albinism". N. Engl. J. Med ... "Oculocutaneous albinism type 2". Orphanet. Retrieved 2014-11-09. "OCA2 - oculocutaneous albinism II". Genetics Home Reference ... Certain mutations in OCA2 result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. OCA2 encodes the human homologue of the mouse p (pink-eyed ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OCA2
Emma FoyEmma Foy
Foy was born with oculocutaneous albinism. Of Māori descent, she affiliates to the Ngāpuhi iwi. "Rio Paralympics: NZ goes out ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Foy
TYRP1TYRP1
... in melanocytes from an individual with brown oculocutaneous albinism: a new subtype of albinism classified as "OCA3"". Am. J. ... Mutations in the mouse Tyrp1 gene are associated with brown pelage and in the human TYRP1 gene with oculocutaneous albinism ... Manga P, Kromberg JG, Box NF, Sturm RA, Jenkins T, Ramsay M (1997). "Rufous oculocutaneous albinism in southern African Blacks ... Sarangarajan R, Boissy RE (2001). "Tyrp1 and oculocutaneous albinism type 3". Pigment Cell Res. 14 (6): 437-44. doi:10.1034/j. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TYRP1
AcronymAcronym
OCA: "oculocutaneous albinism". *PCM: "paracoccidioidomycosis". *Pronounced as a word or as a string of letters, depending on ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acronym_and_initialism
Chédiak-Higashi syndromeChédiak-Higashi syndrome
Thus, patients are susceptible to infections and often present with oculo-cutaneous albinism and coagulation defects. Patients ... The syndrome is associated with oculocutaneous albinism. Patients are prone to infections, especially with Staphylococcus ... People with CHS have light skin and silvery hair (albinism) and frequently complain of solar sensitivity and photophobia. Other ... The decrease in phagocytosis results in recurrent pyogenic infections, albinism, and peripheral neuropathy. In Béguez-Higashi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chédiak–Higashi_syndrome
Membrane-associated transporter proteinMembrane-associated transporter protein
March 2004). "Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 is one of the most common types of albinism in Japan". American Journal of Human ... Suzuki T, Inagaki K, Fukai K, Obana A, Lee ST, Tomita Y (January 2005). "A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV ... GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 This article incorporates text from the United States National ... Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane-associated_transporter_protein
Snowflake (gorilla)Snowflake (gorilla)
Snowflake was a western lowland gorilla with non-syndromic oculocutaneous albinism. He had poor vision, though tests to ... The same study revealed that his albinism was caused by a mutation of SLC45A2 gene. Snowflake received the recessive gene from ... almost certainly related to his albinism. By 2003, Snowflake's health began to deteriorate. After he began losing interest in ... Snowflake's great-grandson N'Kou has pink fingers which is perhaps suggestive of partial albinism.[citation needed] In 2001, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snowflake_(gorilla)
Chelsey GotellChelsey Gotell
She has oculocutaneous albinism which causes her to have poor vision. Gotell was born and raised in Antigonish, Nova Scotia. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsey_Gotell
Hermansky-Pudlak syndromeHermansky-Pudlak syndrome
January 2006). "Genetic testing for oculocutaneous albinism type 1 and 2 and Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 and 3 mutations ... Davies, Bh; Tuddenham, Eg (April 1976). "Familial pulmonary fibrosis associated with oculocutaneous albinism and platelet ... is an extremely rare autosomal recessive disorder which results in oculocutaneous albinism (decreased pigmentation), bleeding ... There are three main disorders caused by Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, which result in these symptoms: Albinism and eye problems: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hermansky–Pudlak_syndrome
Tiger eyeTiger eye
... albinism, oculocutaneous type VI in Equus caballus". University of Sydney. Retrieved 2019-04-18. Vogel P, Read RW, Vance RB, ... and another mutation can cause oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) type 6 (OCA6), which impairs vision. No vision impairment is seen ... Platt KA, Troughton K, Rice DS (March 2008). "Ocular albinism and hypopigmentation defects in Slc24a5-/- mice". Veterinary ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_eye
TrichomegalyTrichomegaly
"A case of familial trichomegaly in association with oculocutaneous albinism type 1". Eye. 18 (8): 863-864. doi:10.1038/sj.eye. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichomegaly
MelanocyteMelanocyte
People with oculocutaneous albinism typically have a very low level of melanin production. Albinism is often but not always ... In all, already 17 types of oculocutaneous albinism have been recognized. Each gene is related to different protein having a ... Albinism may be caused by a number of other genes as well, like OCA2, SLC45A2, TYRP1, and HPS1 to name some. ... new genes and new types of albinism". Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research. 27 (1): 11-8. doi:10.1111/pcmr.12167. PMID 24066960. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanocyte
Dog coat geneticsDog coat genetics
"A Partial Gene Deletion of SLC45A2 Causes Oculocutaneous Albinism in Doberman Pinscher Dogs". PLOS ONE. 9 (3): e92127. Bibcode: ... A Missense Mutation in SLC45A2 is Associated with Albinism in Small Long Haired Dogs. Journal of Heredity 106:285-8. Sheila M. ... the C locus is now considered to be the gene SLC45A2 based on publications about albinism in Doberman Pinschers originally, and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dog_coat_genetics
Kelly Gallagher (alpine skier)Kelly Gallagher (alpine skier)
Gallagher has oculocutaneous albinism, is visually impaired and competes with a sighted guide. At the 2009 New Zealand Winter ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelly_Gallagher_(alpine_skier)
DobermannDobermann
Winkler PA (2014). "A Partial Gene Deletion of SLC45A2 Causes Oculocutaneous Albinism in Doberman Pinscher Dogs". PLoS ONE. 9 ( ... Although this is consistent with albinism, the proper characterization of the mutation is currently unknown. The animals are ... commonly known as tyrosinase-positive albinoids, lacking melanin in oculocutaneous structures. This condition is caused by a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dobermann
MelaninMelanin
Another form of Albinism, the "yellow oculocutaneous albinism", appears to be more prevalent among the Amish, who are of ... "Oculocutaneous Albinism". Archived from the original on December 23, 2008. "Ocular Manifestations of Albinism: Background, ... "oculocutaneous albinism". Genetics Home Reference. Retrieved 2017-09-25. Meredith, Paul; Sarna, Tadeusz (2006-12-01). "The ... For example, the most common type, called oculocutaneous albinism type 2 (OCA2), is especially frequent among people of black ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melanin
Sophie ThornhillSophie Thornhill
She has only 7-9% vision owing to oculocutaneous albinism, which causes visual impairment. She met the para-cyclist Anthony ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophie_Thornhill
TyrosinaseTyrosinase
GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1. *Tyrosinase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical ... A mutation in the tyrosinase gene resulting in impaired tyrosinase production leads to type I oculocutaneous albinism, a ... and optic neuronal defects shared in all types of oculocutaneous and ocular albinism". The Alabama Journal of Medical Sciences ... Witkop CJ (Oct 1979). "Albinism: hematologic-storage disease, susceptibility to skin cancer, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinase
Western lowland gorillaWestern lowland gorilla
This transporter is also known to be involved in oculocutaneous albinism type 4 in humans. As it is a recessive allele, and his ... and was diagnosed with non-syndromic albinism. The genetic variant for Snowflake's albinism was identified by the scientists as ... He presented the typical traits and characteristics of albinism typically seen in humans, including white hair, pinkish skin, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_lowland_gorilla
Nicole EsdaileNicole Esdaile
... and has a visual disability called oculocutaneous albinism. Esdaile is a goalball player, and is classified as a B2 competitor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole_Esdaile
White Amazonian IndiansWhite Amazonian Indians
Oculocutaneous albinism: clinical, historical and anthropological aspects]. Archives de Pédiatrie (in French). Société ... The Guna people of Panama and Colombia have a high incidence rate of albinism, which led Westerners to nickname them "white ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_Amazonian_Indians
Eye colorEye color
The name of the gene is derived from the disorder it causes, oculocutaneous albinism type II.) Different SNPs within OCA2 are ... NOAH - What is Albinism? Archived 14 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Albinism.org. Retrieved on 23 December 2011. Dave Johnson ... In severe forms of albinism, there is no pigment on the back of the iris, and light from inside the eye can pass through the ... In those with milder forms of albinism, the color of the iris is typically blue but can vary from blue to brown. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eye_color
Guna peopleGuna people
Oculocutaneous albinism: clinical, historical and anthropological aspects]. Archives de Pédiatrie (in French). 5 (8): 896-907. ... Guna people have a high incidence rate of albinism, which led to their nickname of "White Indians" in the early 1900s. In Guna ... Albinism among the Amerindians] (PDF) (in French). Paris: Éditions INSERM. pp. 238-239. ISBN 978-2-85598-488-9. Alí, Maurizio. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guna_people
Jennifer BlowJennifer Blow
She has the visual disability of oculocutaneous albinism, a congenital vision impairment, and is 165 centimetres (65 in). As of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jennifer_Blow
Major facilitator superfamilyMajor facilitator superfamily
... underlie a new form of oculocutaneous albinism, OCA4". American Journal of Human Genetics. 69 (5): 981-8. doi:10.1086/324340. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_facilitator_superfamily
Cream geneCream gene
Type IV oculocutaneous albinism, like other types of human albinism, results in hypopigmentation of the skin and eyes, with ... The MATP gene is best known in humans as being the location of a mutation that results in human type IV oculocutaneous albinism ... Albinism Association of Australia. "What is Albinism?". Archived from the original on 2009-09-24. Retrieved 2009-11-02. Rieder ... Underlie a New Form of Oculocutaneous Albinism, OCA4". American Journal of Human Genetics. 69 (5): 981-8. doi:10.1086/324340. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cream_gene
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiencySuccinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency
Oculocutaneous albinism (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome). *Waardenburg syndrome. Tyrosine→Norepinephrine. *Dopamine beta hydroxylase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-hydroxybutyric_aciduria
AmelanismAmelanism
Certain alleles of this gene, TYR, at the Color locus, cause oculocutaneous albinism type 1 in humans and the familiar red-eyed ... Albinism Dyschromia Erythrism Heterochromia iridum Leucism Melanism Piebaldism Vitiligo Xanthochromism "Albinism". Encyclopædia ... A similar condition, albinism, is a hereditary condition characterised in animals by the absence of pigment in the eyes, skin, ... This condition is more commonly called albinism. Amelanistic mammals have white hair, pink skin, and eyes that have a pink, red ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelanism
CarotenosisCarotenosis
Albinism. *Oculocutaneous albinism. *Ocular albinism. Melanosome. transfer. *Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome. *Chédiak-Higashi ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carotenaemia
SLC45A2SLC45A2
"Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 is one of the most common types of albinism in Japan". American Journal of Human Genetics. 74 (3 ... Suzuki T, Inagaki K, Fukai K, Obana A, Lee ST, Tomita Y (January 2005). "A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV ... GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 This article incorporates text from the United States National ... Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLC45A2
Eye colorEye color
The name of the gene is derived from the disorder it causes, oculocutaneous albinism type II.) Different SNPs within OCA2 are ... NOAH - What is Albinism? Archived 14 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine. Albinism.org. Retrieved on 23 December 2011. ... Ocular Manifestations of Albinism at eMedicine *^ Wallow; Albert (1997). "The color of the human eye: a review of morphologic ... Ocular albinism and eye color. Normally, there is a thick layer of melanin on the back of the iris. Even people with the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_eyes
White horseWhite horse
... because one mutation on MATP is associated with Oculocutaneous albinism type 4. However, other benign mutations on MATP are ... AlbinismEdit. See also: Albinism in biology. Although white horses are sometimes called "albino" there are no reported cases of ... Types of albinism in humans and other animalsEdit. The best-known type of albinism is OCA1A, which impairs tyrosinase ... "What is Albinism?". The National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation. Archived from the original on 14 May 2012. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_
অ্যালবিনিজম - উইকিপিডিয়াঅ্যালবিনিজম - উইকিপিডিয়া
"Oculocutaneous albinism"। Genetics Home Reference (ইংরেজি ভাষায়)। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৮-০৬-১০।. ... "Facts About Albinism"। ২০০৯-০১-২৫। সংগ্রহের তারিখ ২০১৮-০৬-১০।. *↑ "International Albinism Awareness Day, 13 June"। www.un.org ( ... "Information Bulletin - Ocular Albinism"। National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation। ১১ মার্চ ২০১৭। ২৪ জানুয়ারি ... "Dermatologic Manifestations of Albinism: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology"। ২০১৭-০৯-১৩।. *↑ "Sex-linked recessive: ...
https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/অ্যালবিনিজম
DobermannDobermann
"A Partial Gene Deletion of SLC45A2 Causes Oculocutaneous Albinism in Doberman Pinscher Dogs". PLoS ONE. 9 (3): e92127. doi: ... The animals are commonly known as tyrosinase-positive albinoids, lacking melanin in oculocutaneous structures.[9] This ... Although this is consistent with albinism, the proper characterization of the mutation is currently unknown. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doberman
Tyrosinemia type IITyrosinemia type II
Oculocutaneous albinism (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome). *Waardenburg syndrome. Tyrosine→Norepinephrine. *Dopamine beta hydroxylase ... Tyrosinemia type II (Oculocutaneous tyrosinemia,[1] Richner-Hanhart syndrome[1]:543) is an autosomal recessive condition with ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosinemia_II
Equine coat color geneticsEquine coat color genetics
Mutations in the human Matp gene result in several distinct forms of Oculocutaneous albinism, Type IV as well as normal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equine_coat_color_genetics
HistidinemiaHistidinemia
Oculocutaneous albinism (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome). *Waardenburg syndrome. Tyrosine→Norepinephrine. *Dopamine beta hydroxylase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histidinemia
Ocular albinismOcular albinism
... is a form of albinism which, in contrast to oculocutaneous albinism, presents primarily in the eyes.[1] There ... it usually refers to mild variants of oculocutaneous albinism rather than ocular albinism, which is X-linked.[3] ... Ocular albinism, type 1 (OA1). 300500. GPR143. Also known as Nettleship-Falls syndrome,[4][5][6] is the most common variety of ... "Ocular albinism - Genetics Home Reference".. *^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocular_albinism
3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase deficiency
Oculocutaneous albinism (Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome). *Waardenburg syndrome. Tyrosine→Norepinephrine. *Dopamine beta hydroxylase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-Methylcrotonyl-CoA_carboxylase_deficiency
Iris (anatomy)Iris (anatomy)
Occasionally, the color of the iris is due to a lack of pigmentation, as in the pinkish-white of oculocutaneous albinism,[1] or ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iris_
Dominance (genetics)Dominance (genetics)
a b Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) Albinism, oculocutaneous, type IA -203100 ... "Albinism in the domestic cat (Felis catus) is associated with a tyrosinase (TYR) mutation". Animal Genetics. 37 (2): 175-8. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominant_trait
Chromosome 15Chromosome 15
OCA2: oculocutaneous albinism II (pink-eye dilution homolog, mouse). *PDCD7: encoding protein Programmed cell death protein 7 ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromosome_15
List of skin conditionsList of skin conditions
Ocular albinism Oculocutaneous albinism Pallister-Killian syndrome Periorbital hyperpigmentation Photoleukomelanodermatitis of ... Albinism-black lock-cell migration disorder of the neurocytes of the gut-deafness syndrome (ABCD syndrome) Albinism-deafness ... partial albinism with immunodeficiency) Griscelli syndrome type 3 Hemochromatosis (bronze diabetes) Hemosiderin ... oculocutaneous tyrosinemia, Richner-Hanhart syndrome) Vohwinkel syndrome (keratoderma hereditaria mutilans, keratoma ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_skin_conditions
White horseWhite horse
This gene is sometimes called the OCA4 gene, because one mutation on MATP is associated with Oculocutaneous albinism type 4. ... "What is Albinism?". The National Organization for Albinism and Hypopigmentation. Archived from the original on 14 May 2012. ... This accounts for the reddish appearance of eyes in some types of albinism. In research mammals, such as mice, albinism is more ... not albinism nor partial albinism. All so-called "albino" horses have pigmented eyes, generally brown or blue. In contrast, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_horse
List of diseases (O)List of diseases (O)
Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 Oculocutaneous albinism type 3 Oculocutaneous albinism, ... tyrosinase negative Oculocutaneous albinism, tyrosinase positive Oculocutaneous tyrosinemia Oculodental syndrome Rutherfurd ... Oculocerebral syndrome with hypopigmentation Oculocerebrocutaneous syndrome Oculocerebrorenal syndrome Oculocutaneous albinism ... hereditary Ochronosis Ockelbo disease Ocular albinism Ocular coloboma-imperforate anus Ocular convergence spasm Ocular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_diseases_(O)
Oculocutaneous albinismOculocutaneous albinism
... is also found in non-human animals. The following types of oculocutaneous albinism have been identified ... "Orphanet: Oculocutaneous albinism". Orphanet. "OMIM Entry - #615179 - ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS, TYPE VII; OCA7". Online ... Oculocutaneous albinism is a form of albinism involving the eyes (oculo-), the skin (-cutaneous), and the hair. Overall, an ... Seven types of oculocutaneous albinism have been described, all caused by a disruption of melanin synthesis and all autosomal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculocutaneous_albinism
Oculocutaneous albinism: MedlinePlus GeneticsOculocutaneous albinism: MedlinePlus Genetics
Oculocutaneous albinism is a group of conditions that affect coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. Explore ... Genetic Testing Registry: Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 *Genetic Testing Registry: Tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism ... medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism/ Oculocutaneous albinism. ... Type 3 includes a form of albinism called rufous oculocutaneous albinism, which usually affects dark-skinned people. Affected ...
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism/
Oculocutaneous albinism - WikipediaOculocutaneous albinism - Wikipedia
Oculocutaneous albinism is also found in non-human animals. The following types of oculocutaneous albinism have been identified ... "Orphanet: Oculocutaneous albinism". Orphanet. "OMIM Entry - #615179 - ALBINISM, OCULOCUTANEOUS, TYPE VII; OCA7". Online ... Oculocutaneous albinism is a form of albinism involving the eyes (oculo-), the skin (-cutaneous), and the hair. Overall, an ... Seven types of oculocutaneous albinism have been described, all caused by a disruption of melanin synthesis and all autosomal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculocutaneous_albinism
Oculocutaneous albinism type I - WikipediaOculocutaneous albinism type I - Wikipedia
Oculocutaneous albinism type I or type 1A is an autosomal recessive skin disease. This subtype of oculocutaneous albinism is ... "Oculocutaneous Albinism". atlasgeneticsoncology.org. Retrieved 2021-04-26. "Oculocutaneous albinism , Genetic and Rare Diseases ... Oculocutaneous albinism type IA is the most severe type of albinism, as it is characterized by no melanin production. Other ... "Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type I , Hereditary Ocular Diseases". disorders.eyes.arizona.edu. Retrieved 2021-04-26. "OMIM Entry ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oculocutaneous_albinism_type_I
Tyrosinase gene mutations associated with type IB (yellow) oculocutaneous albinism. | Sigma-AldrichTyrosinase gene mutations associated with type IB ('yellow') oculocutaneous albinism. | Sigma-Aldrich
Tyrosinase gene mutations associated with type IB (yellow) oculocutaneous albinism.. [L B Giebel, R K Tripathi, K M Strunk, J ... oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and thus have demonstrated that type IB OCA is allelic to type IA (tyrosinase negative) OCA. In ...
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/1903591
Oculocutaneous albinism - Biology-Online DictionaryOculocutaneous albinism - Biology-Online Dictionary
There are two types of albinism in humans, i.e. the oculocutaneous albinism and the ocular albinism. In oculocutaneous albinism ... 2 Oculocutaneous albinism. (2007). Retrieved from http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism ... Oculocutaneous albinism is associated with mutations in genes involved in melanin production within the melanocytes.2 Examples ... Both the oculocutaneous and cutaneous albinisms are typically associated with vision problems such as nystagmus, photophobia, ...
https://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Oculocutaneous_albinism
JCI - Nitisinone improves eye and skin pigmentation defects in a mouse model of oculocutaneous albinismJCI - Nitisinone improves eye and skin pigmentation defects in a mouse model of oculocutaneous albinism
Albinism . New York, New York, USA: McGraw-Hill; 2001. * King RA, Oetting WS. Oculocutaneous albinism. In: Nordlund JJ, Boissy ... in melanocytes from an individual with brown oculocutaneous albinism: a new subtype of albinism classified as "OCA3". Am J Hum ... Visual disabilities of oculocutaneous albinism and their alleviation. Trans Ophthalmol Soc U K. 1978;98(4):423-445.. View this ... The tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism locus maps to chromosome 15q11.2-q12. Am J Hum Genet. 1992;51(4):879-884.. View ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/59372
Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | GeneticsRescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | Genetics
Baxter, L. L., and W. J. Pavan, 2002 The oculocutaneous albinism type IV gene Matp is a new marker of pigment cell precursors ... Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter. Shoji Fukamachi, Masato ... Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter. Shoji Fukamachi, Masato ... Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter. Shoji Fukamachi, Masato ...
http://www.genetics.org/content/178/2/761
Posterior staphyloma in oculocutaneous albinism: another possible cause of reduced visual acuityPosterior staphyloma in oculocutaneous albinism: another possible cause of reduced visual acuity
We report 3 cases of posterior staphyloma, each with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) defined by phenotype and genotype. Two cases ... is typically associated with myopic degeneration and has not been recognized as a cause of reduced visual acuity in albinism. ... Posterior staphyloma in oculocutaneous albinism: another possible cause of reduced visual acuity J AAPOS. 2015 Dec;19(6):562-4. ... We report 3 cases of posterior staphyloma, each with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) defined by phenotype and genotype. Two cases ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26691042/
Oculocutaneous Albinism - Albinism, Yellow Mutant Summary Report | CureHunterOculocutaneous Albinism - Albinism, Yellow Mutant Summary Report | CureHunter
Oculocutaneous Albinism: Heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive disorders comprising at least four recognized types, all ... Albinism, Yellow Mutant; Albinism, Oculocutaneous; Yellow Mutant Albinism; Albinism, Tyrosinase Negative; Albinism, Tyrosinase ... Oculocutaneous Albinism (Albinism, Yellow Mutant). Subscribe to New Research on Oculocutaneous Albinism ... Mutant Albinisms, Yellow; Tyrosinase-Negative Albinism; Tyrosinase-Positive Albinism; Yellow-Mutant Albinism; Albinism, ...
http://www.curehunter.com/public/keywordSummaryD016115.do
Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism | definition of Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism by Medical dictionaryBrown Oculocutaneous Albinism | definition of Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism by Medical dictionary
Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism explanation free. What is Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism? Meaning of Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism ... Looking for online definition of Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism in the Medical Dictionary? ... Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism , definition of Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism by Medical dictionary https://medical-dictionary. ... a href=https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Brown+Oculocutaneous+Albinism,Brown Oculocutaneous Albinism,/a,. * ...
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Brown+Oculocutaneous+Albinism
Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 | definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 by Medical dictionaryOculocutaneous albinism type 2 | definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 by Medical dictionary
Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 explanation free. What is Oculocutaneous albinism type 2? Meaning of Oculocutaneous albinism ... Looking for online definition of Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 in the Medical Dictionary? ... Related to Oculocutaneous albinism type 2: ocular albinism type 2, Oculocutaneous albinism type 3, oculocutaneous albinism type ... Oculocutaneous albinism type II, Yellow albinism. Albinism, major groups. Generalized (oculocutaneous) albinism. All 6 subtypes ...
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Oculocutaneous+albinism+type+2
Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 3 (OCA3): Analysis of Two Novel Mutations inTYRP1Gene in Two Chinese Patients | SpringerLinkOculocutaneous Albinism Type 3 (OCA3): Analysis of Two Novel Mutations inTYRP1Gene in Two Chinese Patients | SpringerLink
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetic disease characterized by the reduction or deficiency of melanin in eyes, skin, and ... in melanocytes from an individual with Brown oculocutaneous albinism: a new type of albinism classified as "OCA3". American ... Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetic disease characterized by the reduction or deficiency of melanin in eyes, skin, and ... 2005). Identification of novel TYR and TYRP1 mutations in oculocutaneous albinism. Clinical Genetics, 68, 182-184.PubMed ...
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12013-011-9234-0
Oculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3): analysis of two novel mutations in TYRP1 gene in two Chinese patients. | Sigma-AldrichOculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3): analysis of two novel mutations in TYRP1 gene in two Chinese patients. | Sigma-Aldrich
Oculocutaneous albinism type 3 (OCA3): analysis of two novel mutations in TYRP1 gene in two Chinese patients.. [Kai-hui Zhang, ... Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetic disease characterized by the reduction or deficiency of melanin in eyes, skin, and ...
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/papers/21739261
Clinico-epidemiologic features of oculocutaneous albinism in Mexico City | IOVS | ARVO JournalsClinico-epidemiologic features of oculocutaneous albinism in Mexico City | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Clinico-epidemiologic features of oculocutaneous albinism in Mexico City Carlos Muller Morales; Juan Carlos Zenteno; Ana María ... Clinico-epidemiologic features of oculocutaneous albinism in Mexico City You will receive an email whenever this article is ... Results : A total of 39 patients with diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism were included; 20 (51.3%) males and 19 (48.7%) ... Carlos Muller Morales, Juan Carlos Zenteno, Ana María Beauregard; Clinico-epidemiologic features of oculocutaneous albinism in ...
https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2689544&resultClick=1
Refractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome | British Journal of OphthalmologyRefractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome | British Journal of Ophthalmology
Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors in different subtypes of oculocutaneous albinism, and to see if there ... Refractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome ... Refractive profile in oculocutaneous albinism and its correlation with final visual outcome ... Astigmatism was the most common visually significant refractive error across all subtypes of albinism. These results may help ...
http://bjo.bmj.com/content/96/4/537.full
Oculocutaneous albinism type 3 | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS ProgramOculocutaneous albinism type 3 | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program
... resources and questions answered by our Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Specialists for Oculocutaneous albinism type 3 ... Type 3 oculocutaneous albinism (OCA3) is a form of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA; see this term) characterized by rufous or ... PubMed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss Oculocutaneous albinism type 3. ... The National Organization of Albinism and Hypopigmentation (NOAH) PO Box 959 East Hampstead, NH 03826-0959 Toll-free: 800-473- ...
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/4039/oculocutaneous-albinism-type-3
Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS ProgramOculocutaneous albinism type 2 | Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) - an NCATS Program
... resources and questions answered by our Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Specialists for Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 ... OCA2; Oculocutaneous albinism tyrosinase positive; Albinism 2; OCA2; Oculocutaneous albinism tyrosinase positive; Albinism 2; ... Oculocutaneous albinism. Genetics Home Reference. March 2007; http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/oculocutaneous-albinism. ... Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 is a genetic condition that affects the coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. ...
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/4038/oculocutaneous-albinism-type-2
Mutations in TYR and OCA2 associated with oculocutaneous albinism in Pakistani families - ePrints SotonMutations in TYR and OCA2 associated with oculocutaneous albinism in Pakistani families - ePrints Soton
Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of abnormal melanin synthesis, resulting in ... Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of abnormal melanin synthesis, resulting in ... Mutations in TYR and OCA2 associated with oculocutaneous albinism in Pakistani families ... Mutations in TYR and OCA2 associated with oculocutaneous albinism in Pakistani families ...
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/421790/
A Computational Analysis of Human Tyrosinase to Further Understanding of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1 | IOVS | ARVO JournalsA Computational Analysis of Human Tyrosinase to Further Understanding of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1 | IOVS | ARVO Journals
Tyr mutations are involved in the genetic disease oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1), which is described by the complete ( ... A Computational Analysis of Human Tyrosinase to Further Understanding of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1 ... A Computational Analysis of Human Tyrosinase to Further Understanding of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1 ... A Computational Analysis of Human Tyrosinase to Further Understanding of Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1. Invest. Ophthalmol. ...
https://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2559469
ZFIN Human Disease: oculocutaneous albinism type IVZFIN Human Disease: oculocutaneous albinism type IV
An oculocutaneous albinism that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of SLC45A2 on chromosome 5p13.2. https:// ...
http://zfin.org/action/ontology/term-detail/DOID:0070098
Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type V disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical TrialsAlbinism, Oculocutaneous, Type V disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials
Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Iv Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ib Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vii Albinism, Oculocutaneous ... Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ia Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ii Albinism, Oculocutaneous ... Oculocutaneous, Type V, also known as oca5, is related to syndromic oculocutaneous albinism and oculocutaneous albinism, and ... oculocutaneous albinism 30.3. TYRP1 TYR SLC45A2 SLC24A5 OCA5 OCA2 3. albinism, oculocutaneous, type vii 30.1. SLC45A2 SLC24A5 ...
https://www.malacards.org/card/albinism_oculocutaneous_type_v?search=oca2
Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population | Orphanet...Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population | Orphanet...
Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is caused by a group of genetically heterogeneous inherited defects that result in the loss of ... From: Molecular genetic studies and delineation of the oculocutaneous albinism phenotype in the Pakistani population ...
https://ojrd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1750-1172-7-44/figures/1
Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical TrialsAlbinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi disease: Malacards - Research Articles, Drugs, Genes, Clinical Trials
Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ia Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ii Albinism, Oculocutaneous ... Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Iv Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Ib Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vii Albinism, Oculocutaneous ... is related to oculocutaneous albinism and albinism. An important gene associated with Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi is ... MalaCards integrated aliases for Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi:. Name: Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type Vi 57 29 6 73 ...
https://www.malacards.org/card/albinism_oculocutaneous_type_vi
Oculocutaneous Albinism Treatment, Oculocutaneous Albinism Diagnosis In Hyderabad - View Doctors, Book Appointment Online |...Oculocutaneous Albinism Treatment, Oculocutaneous Albinism Diagnosis In Hyderabad - View Doctors, Book Appointment Online |...
Book Appointment Online, View Fees, Reviews Doctors for Oculocutaneous Albinism Treatment in Hyderabad , Practo ... Treatment for oculocutaneous albinism in Hyderabad, find doctors near you. ...
https://www.practo.com/hyderabad/treatment-for-oculocutaneous-albinism
Germline variants in oculocutaneous albinism genes and predisposition to familial cutaneous melanoma - Forskning - Region...Germline variants in oculocutaneous albinism genes and predisposition to familial cutaneous melanoma - Forskning - Region...
Germline variants in oculocutaneous albinism genes and predisposition to familial cutaneous melanoma. Publikation: Bidrag til ... Several heterozygous variants in oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) genes: TYR, OCA2, TYRP1 and SLC45A2, were present in our CM ... Increasing the complexity: new genes and new types of albinism. Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › ...
https://research.regionh.dk/da/publications/germline-variants-in-oculocutaneous-albinism-genes-and-predisposition-to-familial-cutaneous-melanoma
Oculocutaneous Albinism (OA)Oculocutaneous Albinism (OA)
... : Z-Factor in Doberman Pinschers. Description:. In Doberman pinschers, a 4,081 base pair deletion ... Dog is a carrier for the Oculocutaneous Albinism mutation, and can pass on a copy of the defective gene to its offspring 50% of ... The dog carries two copies of the mutant gene and is homozygous for the Oculocutaneous Albinism. The dog is affected, and will ... Dog tested negative for the Oculocutaneous Albinism gene mutation, and will not pass on the defective gene to its offspring.. ...
https://www.animalgenetics.us/Canine/Genetic_Disease/OA.asp
Oculocutaneous Albinism, Ocular Albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome | Asper BiogeneOculocutaneous Albinism, Ocular Albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome | Asper Biogene
Ocular Albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome testing with next generation sequencing of a multigene ... Oculocutaneous Albinism, Ocular Albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome. NGS panel. Genes. (full. coding ... Oculocutaneous Albinism, Ocular Albinism, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, Chediak-Higashi Syndrome *List of diseases covered by ... oculocutaneous albinism) or only the eyes (ocular albinism). ... Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is divided into seven types, ...
https://www.asperbio.com/asper-ophthalmics/oculocutaneous-albinism-ocular-albinism-hermansky-pudlak-syndrome-chediak-higashi-syndrome-genetic-testing-NGS-panel
Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type VAlbinism, Oculocutaneous, Type V
... Background and History: Albinism results from a lack of pigmentation most evident in the hair ... disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/handouts/albinism-oculocutaneous-type-v ... This type of albinism can be detected at birth based on the golden hair color and light skin pigmentation. Affected individuals ... 1] http://www.albinism.org/. [2] http://www.med.umn.edu/ophthalmology/centers/albinism/home.html. [3] http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/ ...
https://disorders.eyes.arizona.edu/print/2766
Albinism Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, CausesAlbinism Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes
Albinism results from defective production of melanin from tyrosine through a complex pathway of metabolic reactions. ... Albinism consists of a group of inherited abnormalities of melanin synthesis and are typically characterized by a congenital ... Mutations of the P gene in oculocutaneous albinism, ocular albinism, and Prader-Willi syndrome plus albinism. N Engl J Med. ... Conditions associated with albinism and not because of close linkage. HPS includes oculocutaneous albinism, platelet granule ...
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1200472-clinical
Oculocutaneous albinism: Facts, Symptoms, Treatments | CarenityOculocutaneous albinism: Facts, Symptoms, Treatments | Carenity
Find all the information on Oculocutaneous albinism and talk to all the patients suffering from this condition ✓ Thousands of ...
https://www.carenity.co.uk/condition-information/oculocutaneous-albinism-29
Ocular albinismOCA2PigmentationOCA1Slc45a2Form of albinismOCA4MutationNystagmusTYRP1Families with oculocutaneous albinismCharacteristic of oculocutaneous albinismGene mutationsHypopigmentationCutaneousMelanomaHermansky-Pudlak SPhotophobiaPrevalencePhenotypeCause oculocutaneous albinism typeTypes of oculocutaneous albinismIndividuals with oculocutaneous albinismVisual AcuityMelanin productionMelanocytesAffectsPeople with albMolecularHeterogeneousSyndromicDiagnosisOCA1ADisordersInheritancePlatelet storage poolDisorder characterizedForms of albinismSymptoms of albinismRufousSubtypes of albinismTYPE IBGenes associatedSyndromePartialDilution
Ocular albinism35
  • There are two types of albinism in humans, i.e. the oculocutaneous albinism and the ocular albinism . (biology-online.org)
  • In ocular albinism , the condition affects the eyes only and not the hair and the skin. (biology-online.org)
  • There is also a type of ocular albinism that is carried on the X chromosome and occurs almost exclusively in males because they have only one X chromosome and, therefore, no other gene for the trait to override the flawed one. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The complete or partial absence of pigment may affect the eyes, skin and hair ( oculocutaneous albinism ) or only the eyes ( ocular albinism ). (asperbio.com)
  • Ocular albinism is caused by mutations in the GPR143 gene and is inherited in an X-linked manner. (asperbio.com)
  • Patients with more severe forms of albinism with cutaneous manifestations are easier for a physician to diagnose compared with those with more subtle forms or those with ocular albinism. (medscape.com)
  • Occasionally, a moderate amount of residual activity can lead to near normal skin pigmentation and the wrong diagnosis of ocular albinism. (medscape.com)
  • Ocular Albinism and Hermansky Pudlak Panel. (mendelian.co)
  • Kubasch A et al (2017) Oculocutaneous and ocular albinism. (altmeyers.org)
  • This is known as ocular albinism . (smore.com)
  • People with the most common forms of Type 1 and Type 2 albinism and ocular albinism have a normal lifespan. (epnet.com)
  • Albinisme dibagi menjadi dua kelompok besar, yaitu Ocular Albinism (OA) dan Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA). (uns.ac.id)
  • There are currently 24 genetic disorders that have albinism included with the phenotype, including as many as 7 nonsyndromic forms of oculocutaneous albinism (reduced pigment affects skin, hair and eyes), 1 nonsyndromic form of ocular albinism (reduced pigment affects eyes only) and 16 syndromic disorders. (els.net)
  • Diseases associated with AP3D1 include Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome 10 and Ocular Albinism . (genecards.org)
  • These are oculocutaneous albinism and ocular albinism. (news-medical.net)
  • Ocular albinism or OA, is not as obvious as the skin and hair do not have such extreme lack of pigmentation. (news-medical.net)
  • My 4 months kid has been detected with ocular albinism / partial albinism. (healthtap.com)
  • A person who inherits it usually inherits a recessive gene for the condition from each parent, though this is not the case in ocular albinism. (wisegeek.com)
  • Ocular albinism can significantly affect vision because the development of the retina is often affected. (wisegeek.com)
  • Ocular albinism can also lead to sensitivity to light, and in some cases, results in legal blindness. (wisegeek.com)
  • Vision conditions such as those associated with ocular albinism can be present. (wisegeek.com)
  • The second type of albinism is called ocular albinism. (aao.org)
  • Ocular albinism mainly affects the eyes. (aao.org)
  • Because a child with ocular albinism does not have any outward difference in appearance, eye problems may be the first symptoms of albinism . (aao.org)
  • 1.) What is ocular albinism (OA)? (visionofchildren.org)
  • Human albinism can be divided broadly into two types, oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and ocular albinism (OA), where "oculo" means eye and cutaneous means skin. (visionofchildren.org)
  • Historically, ocular albinism is an inherited disorder in which the eyes are deficient in the amount of melanin, which gives the eye its color or pigment, while the skin and hair appear normal or near normal in coloration. (visionofchildren.org)
  • Ocular albinism (OA) results from the inability of the normal pigment cells in the eyes (especially the iris and the retinal pigment epithelium) to produce normal amounts of pigment. (visionofchildren.org)
  • In most cases, ocular albinism is X-linked. (visionofchildren.org)
  • This means that the gene for it is located on the X-chromosome, which makes men more susceptible to ocular albinism than women since men have only 1 X-chromosome versus women who have 2 X-chromosomes. (visionofchildren.org)
  • Historically, X-linked ocular albinism is also called Nettleship-Falls ocular albinism, after the two physicians who defined its X-linked inheritance. (visionofchildren.org)
  • The population frequency of ocular albinism is unknown. (visionofchildren.org)
  • However, in a family with Nettleship-Falls ocular albinism in which there are other known affected males and the mother is known to be a carrier, examination of a male infant at or shortly after birth should clarify whether any individual male is or is not affected. (visionofchildren.org)
  • The most obvious feature inside the eyes of individuals with ocular albinism is underdevelopment of the fovea, the small area in the center of the retina that provides fine central vision (reading, recognizing faces). (visionofchildren.org)
  • Many animal studies in the 1970s reported that all albino mammals with oculocutaneous, or only ocular albinism, demonstrate reduced uncrossed optic projections (Sanderson et al. (utah.edu)
OCA222
  • Oculocutaneous albinism can result from mutations in several genes, including TYR , OCA2 , TYRP1 , and SLC45A2 . (medlineplus.gov)
  • The mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) and human P genes, oculocutaneous albinism type 2 (OCA2), and melanosomal pH. (medlineplus.gov)
  • There are four types of oculocutaneous albinism: type 1 (OCA1), type 2 (OCA2), type 3 (OCA3), and type 4 (OCA4). (biology-online.org)
  • 2 Examples of these genes are oculocutaneous albinism II (OCA2) gene, TYRP1 gene, and TYR gene. (biology-online.org)
  • In southern Africa, brown oculocutaneous albinism (BOCA) maps to the OCA2 locus on chromosome 15q: P-gene mutations identified. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Several heterozygous variants in oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) genes: TYR, OCA2, TYRP1 and SLC45A2, were present in our CM cohort. (regionh.dk)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is divided into seven types, which are caused by mutations in the respective genes: OCA1 (TYR), OCA2 (OCA2), OCA3 (TYRP1), OCA4 (SLC45A2), OCA5 (chromosome 4q24), OCA6 (SLC24A5), and OCA7 (C10orf11). (asperbio.com)
  • Oculocutaneous Albinism German Spitz Type (OCA2) is a form of albinism, disorder of melanin production, affecting this dog breed. (animalabs.com)
  • OCA2 is known to affect also human patients, where it is known as brown oculocutaneous albinism, with highest prevalence recorded in Africa. (animalabs.com)
  • Oculocutaneous Albinism German Spitz type is caused by a guanine to adenine substitution in the conserved 5'-splice site of the first intron of the canine OCA2 gene. (animalabs.com)
  • Caduff M, Bauer A, Jagannathan V, Leeb T (2017) OCA2 splice site variant in German Spitz dogs with oculocutaneous albinism. (animalabs.com)
  • Another phenotype of OCA2 occurs predominantly in the black African population or their descendants and is called brown albinism ( brown African albinism ). (altmeyers.org)
  • More than 80 mutations in the OCA2 gene have been identified in people with oculocutaneous albinism type 2. (nih.gov)
  • Finally, oculocutaneous albinism is associated with autosomal recessive mutations in the OCA2 gene. (nature.com)
  • OCA2, the product of the gene defective in oculocutaneous albinism type 2, is a melanosomal membrane protein with restricted expression pattern and a potential role in the trafficking of other proteins to melanosomes. (wiley.com)
  • The most common type OCA1 and OCA2 are caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the tyrosinase gene ( TYR ) and OCA2 gene, respectively.This study was to evaluate the molecular basis of oculocutaneous albinism in four Chinese families. (arvojournals.org)
  • Non syndromic oculocutaneous albinism type (OCA) is caused by mutations in tyrosinase (TYR), OCA2, TYRP1, MATP (SLC45A2), SLC24A5 and C10ORF11 genes. (kowsarpub.com)
  • In the present study, we show that albinism in one Native American population, the Navajo, is caused by a LINE-mediated 122.5-kilobase deletion of the P gene, thus demonstrating that albinism in this population is OCA2. (haplogroup.org)
  • The oculocutaneous albinism may be due to mutations in several genes, including TYR (OCA1), OCA2 (OCA2), TYRP1 (OCA3), and SLC45A2 (OCA4). (ivami.com)
  • They have identified more than 80 mutations in the OCA2 gene in people with albinism type 2 Oculocutaneous most frequent mutation is a deletion in the gene, which is found in many affected individuals from sub - Saharan African heritage. (ivami.com)
  • High-resolution array-CGH in patients with oculocutaneous albinism identifies new deletions of the TYR, OCA2, and SLC45A2 genes and a complex rearrangement of the OCA2 gene. (globalmedicaldiscovery.com)
  • What can we learn from the Distribution of the 2.7kb Deletion Mutation of the OCA2 Gene in Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 2 (OCA2) in Cameroon and in Sub-Saharan Countries? (jsmcentral.org)
Pigmentation21
  • Oculocutaneous albinism is a group of conditions that affect coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. (medlineplus.gov)
  • OCA1 is one of the more extreme types of albinism where the iris is translucent and the eye appears pink or red in ambient light and have white skin with slight to no pigmentation when other types may have residual pigmentation. (wikipedia.org)
  • Albinism in humans is a disorder characterized by having a partial or a complete absence of pigmentation . (biology-online.org)
  • In oculocutaneous albinism, the individual would have a very pale skin, photosensitive eyes with reduced pigmentation, and white hair. (biology-online.org)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 is a genetic condition that affects the coloring (pigmentation) of the skin, hair, and eyes. (nih.gov)
  • Background: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder of abnormal melanin synthesis, resulting in decreased or absent pigmentation of eyes, skin and hair. (soton.ac.uk)
  • 56 Oculocutaneous albinism is a genetically heterogeneous disorder manifested as a loss of pigmentation in the eyes, skin, and hair (summary by Kausar et al. (malacards.org)
  • Albinism results from a lack of pigmentation most evident in the hair, skin, and eyes. (arizona.edu)
  • This type of albinism can be detected at birth based on the golden hair color and light skin pigmentation. (arizona.edu)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism with autosomal recessive inherited defects of melanin synthesis (tyrosinase activity normal) with greatly reduced but not completely absent pigmentation. (altmeyers.org)
  • Because this enzyme plays a role in normal pigmentation, its loss leads to the changes in skin, hair, and eye coloration that are characteristic of oculocutaneous albinism. (nih.gov)
  • In many types of albinism, the disorder can be diagnosed by observing major or total absence of pigmentation of the hair, skin, and eyes and by vision problems. (epnet.com)
  • Albinism (from Latin albus, meaning "white") is a lack of pigmentation in the eyes, skin and hair. (wikimedia.org)
  • Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is an inherited disease which results in decreased pigmentation (oculocutaneous albinism), bleeding problems due to a platelet abnormality (platelet storage pool defect), and storage of an abnormal fat-protein compound (lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin). (clinicaltrials.gov)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism also reduces pigmentation of the colored part of the eye (the iris) and the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (the retina). (wm.edu)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism also reduces the pigmentation of the iris and the retina. (ivami.com)
  • The chemistry of the process depends on the metabolism of the amino acid tyrosine, the absence of which results in albinism , or lack of pigmentation. (britannica.com)
  • This is probably a secondary effect of reduced tyrosinase activity or amount of pigment in the pigment epithelium, since genes at other loci that reduce eye pigmentation also cause the same anomaly (J:5436, J:6064).Abnormal retinal pathways disrupted at the optic chiasm that occur in albinism can be corrected with a Tyr normal transgene (J:22320).Lipofuscin is a terminal oxidation product pigment that accumulates with age. (jax.org)
  • Pigmentation research has shown that albinism is a complex genetic disorder, involving many genes with an array of functions, producing a wide phenotypic spectrum amongst affected individuals. (els.net)
  • Variation in skin pigmentation involves common polymorphisms in some albinism related genes. (els.net)
  • False beliefs in some cultures include that albinism causes sterility, or that a person's lack of pigmentation means he or she is cursed. (wisegeek.com)
OCA111
  • This subtype of oculocutaneous albinism is caused when the gene for tyrosinase (symbol TYR or OCA1) does not function properly. (wikipedia.org)
  • Molecular diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism: New mutations in the OCA1-4 genes and practical aspects. (springer.com)
  • Tyr mutations are involved in the genetic disease oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1), which is described by the complete (Type A) or partial (Type B) absence of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes related to Tyr enzymatic activity. (arvojournals.org)
  • 2013). For a general phenotypic description and a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of oculocutaneous albinism, see OCA1 (203100). (malacards.org)
  • King RA et al (2003) Tyrosinase gene mutations in oculocutaneous albinism 1 (OCA1): definition of the phenotype. (altmeyers.org)
  • Nakamura E et al (2002) A novel mutation of the tyrosinase gene causing oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1). (altmeyers.org)
  • The mutation of the tyrosinase (TYR) gene results in oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder . (bvsalud.org)
  • To explore the patients ' genotypes and the mutation spectrum of Tyrosinase (TYR) gene and the effects on protein structure and function in oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1). (bvsalud.org)
  • Mutations in the TYR gene (TYR, 11q14-21, MIM 606933) cause oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1, MIM 203100), a developmental disorder having an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. (elsevier.com)
  • The oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1) is characterized by white hair, pale skin, and iris light colored. (ivami.com)
  • They described over 100 mutations in the gene TYR in people with oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1). (ivami.com)
Slc45a210
  • Patients and vertebrate mutants with oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA4) have mutations in the solute carrier family 45 member 2 ( slc45a2 ) gene. (genetics.org)
  • Further, we identify (1) a promoter sequence that is sufficient for the oculocutaneous expression of slc45a2 , (2) multiple transcription start sites that are used tissue specifically, and (3) the b mutation that causes the skin-specific albinism. (genetics.org)
  • An oculocutaneous albinism that has_material_basis_in an autosomal recessive mutation of SLC45A2 on chromosome 5p13.2. (zfin.org)
  • In Doberman pinschers, a 4,081 base pair deletion in the (SLC45A2) gene causes a recessive form of oculocutaneous albinism (OCA). (animalgenetics.us)
  • The mutated SLC45A2 gene that causes Oculocutaneous Albinism is also associated with additional health problems including photophobia (light sensitivity) and melanocytic tumors. (animalgenetics.us)
  • Mutations in SLC45A2 are known to cause oculocutaneous albinism type 4 (OCA4) in humans and the cream-dilution phenotypes in horses. (ucdavis.edu)
  • A Partial Gene Deletion of SLC45A2 Causes Oculocutaneous Albinism in Doberman Pinscher Dogs. (ucdavis.edu)
  • Multiple pathogenic variants in SLC45A2 give rise to oculocutaneous albinism ( Lewis and Girisha 2019 ). (tcdb.org)
  • 13] "SLC45A2 variations in Indian oculocutaneous albinism patients. (tcdb.org)
  • The same study revealed that his albinism was caused by a mutation of SLC45A2 gene. (wikipedia.org)
Form of albinism7
  • Type 3 includes a form of albinism called rufous oculocutaneous albinism, which usually affects dark-skinned people. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism is a form of albinism involving the eyes (oculo-), the skin (-cutaneous), and the hair. (wikipedia.org)
  • This condition includes a form of albinism called rufous oculocutaneous albinism, which has been described primarily in dark-skinned people from southern Africa. (nih.gov)
  • Two TYRP1 mutations are known to cause this form of albinism in individuals from Africa. (nih.gov)
  • This form of albinism is more common among persons of African descent. (epnet.com)
  • People with this form of albinism have white hair, light colored eyes, and very pale skin that does not tan. (ivami.com)
  • This is the rarer form of albinism and is caused by a mutation in an X chromosome. (news-medical.net)
OCA43
  • There is a unique OCA4 mutant in medaka ( b ) that exhibits albinism only in the skin, but the mechanism underlying this phenotype is also unknown. (genetics.org)
  • 5] "Mutations in the human orthologue of the mouse underwhite gene (uw) underlie a new form of oculocutaneous albinism, OCA4. (tcdb.org)
  • 18] "Mutations in the human orthologue of the mouse underwhite gene (uw) underlie a new form of oculocutaneous albinism, OCA4. (tcdb.org)
Mutation12
  • A tyrosinase gene missense mutation in temperature-sensitive type I oculocutaneous albinism. (wikipedia.org)
  • A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV caused by a D157 N mutation in the MATP gene. (springer.com)
  • 2009). Birth prevalence and mutation spectrum in Danish patients with autosomal recessive albinism. (springer.com)
  • 12 An oculocutaneous albinism that has material basis in an autosomal recessive mutation of OCA5 on chromosome 4q24. (malacards.org)
  • Dog is a carrier for the Oculocutaneous Albinism mutation, and can pass on a copy of the defective gene to its offspring 50% of the time. (animalgenetics.us)
  • Dog tested negative for the Oculocutaneous Albinism gene mutation, and will not pass on the defective gene to its offspring. (animalgenetics.us)
  • Each condition of albinism is due to a genetic mutation on a different chromosome. (bmj.com)
  • This study expands the mutation spectrum of oculocutaneous albinism. (arvojournals.org)
  • In addition, we report a mutation in both copies of the human gene in one case of tyrosinase-positive (type II) oculocutaneous albinism, recently linked to 15qll-ql3 (ref. 9). (elsevier.com)
  • Molecular bases of tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism: a single base insertion or a missense point mutation in the tyrosinase gene. (elsevier.com)
  • If you are born with a genetic mutation that prevents production of melanin (and other pigments), then you are an albino and have albinism. (healthtap.com)
  • One such mutation in dogs, G493D in TMS 11, gives rise to albinisms ( Wijesena and Schmutz 2015 ). (tcdb.org)
Nystagmus10
  • Both the oculocutaneous and cutaneous albinisms are typically associated with vision problems such as nystagmus , photophobia , and reduced sharpness. (biology-online.org)
  • Everyone with oculocutaneous albinism experiences abnormal flickering eye movements ( nystagmus ) and sensitivity to bright light. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Albinism is a group of congenital disorders of melanin production characterized by variable hypopigmentation and vision defects, including impaired visual acuity, nystagmus, strabismus, astigmatism, and photophobia. (asperbio.com)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism type 1A (OCA1A) is the most severe form of OCA (see this term), where no melanin is produced, and is characterized by white hair and skin, blue, fully translucent irises, nystagmus and misrouting of the optic nerves. (mendelian.co)
  • Both Type 1 and Type 2 albinism are usually associated with visual problems including nystagmus (abnormal jumping movements of the eyes) and decreased visual acuity, which is frequently not fully improved with glasses or contact lenses. (epnet.com)
  • 1 On the other hand, the ocular phenotypic characteristics of most types of albinism are rather constant and include reduced visual acuity, nystagmus, pale irides that transilluminate, hypopigmented fundi, hypoplastic foveae, and lack of stereopsis. (bmj.com)
  • Four patients, diagnosed as oculocutaneous albinism, presented with milky skin, white or light brown hair and nystagmus. (arvojournals.org)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a heterogeneous and autosomal recessive disorder accompanied by hypopigmentation of hair, skin and eyes and symptoms such as photophobia, strabismus, poor vision and nystagmus ( 1 , 2 ). (kowsarpub.com)
  • Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) is a rare genetic disease characterized by generalized hypopigmentation of the skin, hair and eyes causing multiple ophthalmologic abnormalities (decreased visual acuity, nystagmus, light sensitivity) and impaired eye development (incomplete development of the fovea and changes in axonal routing in the optic nerve and tracts). (jsmcentral.org)
  • Why does albinism cause nystagmus? (healthtap.com)
TYRP16
  • Rufous oculocutaneous albinism in southern African Blacks is caused by mutations in the TYRP1 gene. (springer.com)
  • 2005). Identification of novel TYR and TYRP1 mutations in oculocutaneous albinism. (springer.com)
  • A small number of mutations in the TYRP1 gene have been found to cause oculocutaneous albinism type 3. (nih.gov)
  • Manga P, Kromberg JG, Box NF, Sturm RA, Jenkins T, Ramsay M. Rufous oculocutaneous albinism in southern African Blacks is caused by mutations in the TYRP1 gene. (nih.gov)
  • Rooryck C, Roudaut C, Robine E, Müsebeck J, Arveiler B. Oculocutaneous albinism with TYRP1 gene mutations in a Caucasian patient. (nih.gov)
  • She has a normal TYRP1 gene sequence, another gene causing albinism in humans. (usask.ca)
Families with oculocutaneous albinism1
  • Screening for mutations is important in families with oculocutaneous albinism patients in order to accurately diagnose the albinism type, genetic counseling and future therapeutic purposes. (kowsarpub.com)
Characteristic of oculocutaneous albinism1
  • A lack of melanin in the retina leads to the vision problems characteristic of oculocutaneous albinism. (medlineplus.gov)
Gene mutations3
  • Tyrosinase gene mutations associated with type IB ('yellow') oculocutaneous albinism. (sigmaaldrich.com)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism with TYRPl gene mutations in a Caucasian patient. (springer.com)
  • Khordadpoor Deilamani F, Akbari M T. Potential Founder Effect of Tyrosinase Gene Mutations in Oculocutaneous Albinism Families from West of Iran, J Human Gen Genom. (kowsarpub.com)
Hypopigmentation5
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) summarizes a group of inherited melanin synthesis disorders characterized by hypopigmentation of the skin, hair, and eyes. (slovgen.sk)
  • This article seeks to review the current state of knowledge of albinism and associated disorders of hypopigmentation. (bmj.com)
  • The cutaneous hypopigmentation in albinism ranges from complete absence of melanin to a minimal reduction in skin and hair colour. (bmj.com)
  • National Organization of Albinism and Hypopigmentation (NOAH). (howstuffworks.com)
  • Some years ago a series of families were described in which children of normally pigmented parents had the ocular features of albinism but did not appear to have significant skin involvement (also known as cutaneous hypopigmentation). (visionofchildren.org)
Cutaneous1
  • Hayward, Nicholas K. / Germline variants in oculocutaneous albinism genes and predisposition to familial cutaneous melanoma . (uhi.ac.uk)
Melanoma1
  • Terenziani M et al (2003) Amelanotic melanoma in a child with oculocutaneous albinism. (altmeyers.org)
Hermansky-Pudlak S4
  • Additionally, there are also syndromic forms of albinism such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome and Chediak-Higashi syndrome . (asperbio.com)
  • Certain rare types of albinism, such as Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome, can cause other symptoms. (epnet.com)
  • Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a multi-system disorder characterized by oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding tendency diathesis and, in some cases, neutropenia, pulmonary fibrosis, or granulomatous colitis. (blueprintgenetics.com)
  • Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease consisting of oculocutaneous albinism, a platelet storage pool defect and, in some patients, lysosomal accumulation of ceroid lipofuscin. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Photophobia2
  • Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type V, also known as oca5 , is related to syndromic oculocutaneous albinism and oculocutaneous albinism , and has symptoms including photophobia An important gene associated with Albinism, Oculocutaneous, Type V is OCA5 (Oculocutaneous Albinism 5 (Autosomal Recessive)), and among its related pathways/superpathways are Tyrosine metabolism and Melanin biosynthesis . (malacards.org)
  • People with CHS have light skin and silvery hair ( albinism ) and frequently complain of solar sensitivity and photophobia . (wikipedia.org)
Prevalence5
  • Epidemiologically, the oculocutaneous albinism has a worldwide estimated prevalence of 1/17,000. (biology-online.org)
  • Purpose To evaluate the prevalence of refractive errors in different subtypes of oculocutaneous albinism, and to see if there is any correlation between refractive errors and final visual outcome in this population. (bmj.com)
  • 57 Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder, with a worldwide prevalence of approximately 1:17,000. (malacards.org)
  • The prevalence of all known forms of albinism is estimated to be 1:17 000 newborns. (asperbio.com)
  • Based on the latest data available OCULOCUTANEOUS ALBINISM TYPE 1A have a estimated prevalence of 1.3 per 100k in Europe. (mendelian.co)
Phenotype1
  • We report 3 cases of posterior staphyloma, each with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) defined by phenotype and genotype. (nih.gov)
Cause oculocutaneous albinism type1
  • These mutations, which allow some melanin production, type 1B cause oculocutaneous albinism type (OCA1B). (ivami.com)
Types of oculocutaneous albinism3
  • Researchers have identified multiple types of oculocutaneous albinism, which are distinguished by their specific skin, hair, and eye color changes and by their genetic cause. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Seven types of oculocutaneous albinism have been described, all caused by a disruption of melanin synthesis and all autosomal recessive disorders. (wikipedia.org)
  • The following types of oculocutaneous albinism have been identified in humans. (wikipedia.org)
Individuals with oculocutaneous albinism1
  • Some individuals with oculocutaneous albinism do not have mutations in any of the known genes. (medlineplus.gov)
Visual Acuity2
  • Posterior staphyloma is typically associated with myopic degeneration and has not been recognized as a cause of reduced visual acuity in albinism. (nih.gov)
  • Staphyloma may be another cause of reduced visual acuity in albinism, particularly with increasing age. (nih.gov)
Melanin production3
  • Oculocutaneous albinism is associated with mutations in genes involved in melanin production within the melanocytes . (biology-online.org)
  • Albinism is an inherited disease characterized by a substantially lower rate of melanin production. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Genes associated with oculocutaneous albinism encode proteins or enzymes found in melanocytes and are involved in melanin production. (ivami.com)
Melanocytes1
  • Associated features include abnormalities in melanocytes (albinism), nerve defects, bleeding disorders. (wikipedia.org)
Affects8
  • There are 10 types of the most common form of the condition, known as 'oculocutaneous albinism,' which affects the eyes, hair, and skin. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Albinism affects people from all races. (smore.com)
  • For some people, albinism affects only their eyes. (smore.com)
  • Albinism affects the amount of pigment found in the skin, hair, and eyes. (epnet.com)
  • In sub-Saharan Africa, albinism affects one in every 5,000 to 15,000 people. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Albinism affects the sexes evenly, and all ethnic groups are susceptible. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Albinism always affects vision. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism or OCA affects the pigment in the eyes, hair and skin. (news-medical.net)
People with alb8
  • Although people with albinism may experience a variety of eye problems, one of the myths about albinism is that it causes people to have pink or red eyes. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • In fact, people with albinism can have irises varying from light gray or blue to brown. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • If people with albinism seem to have reddish eyes, it's because light is being reflected from the back of the eye (retina) in much the same way as happens when people are photographed with an electronic flash. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • People with albinism usually have little to no pigment in their eyes, skin, and hair. (epnet.com)
  • People with albinism often have lighter colored skin and hair than the other members of their family or ethnic group. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • Melanin normally protects the skin from UV (ultraviolet) damage, so people with albinism are more sensitive to sun exposure. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People with albinism should use sun protection cream of SPF 30 or higher and report any new moles or other skin changes to a doctor. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • People with albinism have a reduced amount or absence of pigment in their eyes, hair and skin. (aao.org)
Molecular7
  • The past classification of albinism was predicated on phenotypic expression, but now molecular biology has defined the condition more accurately. (bmj.com)
  • With recent advances in molecular research, it is possible to diagnose many of the various albinism conditions on the basis of genetic causation. (bmj.com)
  • Although there are a few documented observations of high frequency of albinism among Native Americans, including the Hopi, Zuni, Kuna, Jemez, Laguna, San Juan, and Navajo, no causative molecular defect has been previously reported. (haplogroup.org)
  • Ray, K, Chaki, M & Sengupta, M 2007, ' Tyrosinase and ocular diseases: Some novel thoughts on the molecular basis of oculocutaneous albinism type 1 ', Progress in Retinal and Eye Research , vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 323-358. (elsevier.com)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is caused by mutations in six different genes, and their molecular diagnosis encompasses the search for point mutations and intragenic rearrangements. (globalmedicaldiscovery.com)
  • The molecular pathology of albinism is complex and involves different pathways and different types of mutations. (els.net)
  • My research involves two major areas: the molecular analysis of pigment genes in humans, particularly those genes associated with oculocutaneous albinism (OCA), and the molecular analysis of genes associated with common genetic diseases. (geometry.net)
Heterogeneous1
  • Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a genetically heterogeneous disorder. (haplogroup.org)
Syndromic1
  • Snowflake was a western lowland gorilla with non-syndromic oculocutaneous albinism. (wikipedia.org)
Diagnosis5
  • 2007). Prenatal diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism type II and novel mutations in two Chinese families. (springer.com)
  • Retrospective chart review of patients with oculocutaneos albinism diagnosis over a 13 year period (2004-2017) in the Institute of Ophthalmology, "Conde de Valenciana," Mexico City. (arvojournals.org)
  • For some types of albinism, DNA genetic testing can also be used to confirm the diagnosis. (epnet.com)
  • While albinism is always visible at birth, it may be so mild that affected persons are unaware of their diagnosis unless abnormal eye movements or vision develop. (epnet.com)
  • Albinism is no longer a clinical diagnosis. (bmj.com)
OCA1A2
  • Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 1a Is also known as tyrosinase-negative oculocutaneous albinism, oca1a. (mendelian.co)
  • These mutations cause a form of oculocutaneous albinism called type 1A (OCA1A). (ivami.com)
Disorders2
  • Albinism refers to a group of rare inherited disorders that are present from birth. (epnet.com)
  • Albinism refers to a range of disorders that result from a reduction or absence of the pigment melanin. (medicalnewstoday.com)
Inheritance1
  • Several other human diseases, including cystic fibrosis, sickle-cell anemia, and oculocutaneous albinism, also exhibit an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. (nature.com)
Platelet storage pool1
  • Some patients who have not yet had this laboratory test will be admitted to the protocol based upon the presence of albinism combined with a platelet storage pool deficiency. (clinicaltrials.gov)
Disorder characterized1
  • 75 Albinism, oculocutaneous, 6: A disorder characterized by a reduction or complete loss of melanin in the skin, hair and eyes. (malacards.org)
Forms of albinism2
  • The terminology sounds simple, but in reality is probably incorrect, since all forms of albinism have relative deficiencies of pigment in the hair, skin, and eyes. (visionofchildren.org)
  • Both of her parents were of normal coat coloration and therefore we presume this albinism is a recessive, as are most forms of albinism in most species. (usask.ca)
Symptoms of albinism4
  • Symptoms of albinism can involve the skin, hair, and eyes. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • The symptoms of albinism depend on the specific type of albinism. (epnet.com)
  • The primary symptoms of albinism can affect the skin, hair, eye color, and vision. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • However, a number of symptoms of albinism can be related to associated eye problems. (news-medical.net)
Rufous2
  • Type 3, specifically rufous oculocutaneous albinism, has been described primarily in people from southern Africa. (medlineplus.gov)
  • see this term) characterized by rufous or brown albinism and occurring mainly in the African population. (nih.gov)
Subtypes of albinism1
  • Astigmatism was the most common visually significant refractive error across all subtypes of albinism. (bmj.com)
TYPE IB1
  • We have identified three different tyrosinase gene mutant alleles in four unrelated patients with type IB ("yellow") oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) and thus have demonstrated that type IB OCA is allelic to type IA (tyrosinase negative) OCA. (sigmaaldrich.com)
Genes associated2
  • An estimated 1 in 70 people carry the genes associated with albinism. (medicalnewstoday.com)
  • There are several genes associated with albinism. (els.net)
Syndrome4
  • Basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS, caused by pathogenic variants in and ) is associated with an increased risk of BCC, while syndromes such as xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), oculocutaneous albinism, epidermolysis bullosa, and Fanconi anemia are associated with an increased risk of SCC. (oncolink.org)
  • A small percentage of people with Angelman syndrome also have oculocutaneous albinism type 2. (nih.gov)
  • Oculocutaneous albinism type 2 also occurs in a small number of people with Prader-Willi syndrome. (nih.gov)
  • The syndrome is associated with oculocutaneous albinism . (wikipedia.org)
Partial3
  • How can I treat partial albinism? (healthtap.com)
  • What is the definition or description of: Partial albinism? (healthtap.com)
  • Snowflake's great-grandson N'Kou has pink fingers which is perhaps suggestive of partial albinism. (wikipedia.org)
Dilution1
  • Dogs with N/N genotype are expected to not have oculocutaneous albinism and not display the cream dilution. (ucdavis.edu)
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TYRP1 gene: MedlinePlus Genetics (medlineplus.gov)
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OCA2 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH
OCA2 gene - Genetics Home Reference - NIH (ghr.nlm.nih.gov)
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ALBINISM | Smore Newsletters (smore.com)
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Albinism - Wikimedia Commons
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Functional interactions between OCA2 and the protein complexes BLOC-1, BLOC-2, and AP-3 inferred from epistatic analyses of...
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An overview of concepts and approaches used in estimating the burden of congenital disorders globally | SpringerLink
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JCI - Volume 87, Issue 3
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Albinism: Symptoms, causes, and diagnosis
Albinism: Symptoms, causes, and diagnosis (medicalnewstoday.com)
Skin Pigmentation Disorders | Hyperpigmentation | MedlinePlus
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Search of: 'Storage Pool Platelet Disease' - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov
Search of: 'Storage Pool Platelet Disease' - List Results - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
Cell Collection to Study Eye Diseases - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Cell Collection to Study Eye Diseases - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov)
JISCMail - LIS-MEDICAL Archives - August 2019
JISCMail - LIS-MEDICAL Archives - August 2019 (jiscmail.ac.uk)
Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | Genetics
Rescue From Oculocutaneous Albinism Type 4 Using Medaka slc45a2 cDNA Driven by Its Own Promoter | Genetics (genetics.org)
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Https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/overview-pdq (cancer.gov)
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Ch. 13: Integumentary Function Flashcards by Emma Powell | Brainscape
Ch. 13: Integumentary Function Flashcards by Emma Powell | Brainscape (brainscape.com)
How Serious Is Basal Cell Skin Cancer?
How Serious Is Basal Cell Skin Cancer? (emedicinehealth.com)
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AP3D1 Gene - GeneCards | AP3D1 Protein | AP3D1 Antibody (genecards.org)