AnatomyOrganismsDiseasesChemicals and DrugsAnalytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and EquipmentPhenomena and ProcessesInformation ScienceHealth Care
Alanine TransaminaseAspartate AminotransferasesAlanineLiver4-Aminobutyrate TransaminaseDrug-Induced Liver InjuryTransaminasesLiver Function TestsLiver DiseasesD-Alanine TransaminaseCarbon Tetrachloridegamma-GlutamyltransferaseProtective AgentsBilirubinPlant ExtractsAcetaminophenGalactosamineLiver CirrhosisAlkaline PhosphataseLiver Cirrhosis, ExperimentalPhytotherapyFatty LiverAlanine RacemaseBiological MarkersHepatitis B, ChronicL-Lactate DehydrogenaseReperfusion InjuryAnalgesics, Non-NarcoticRats, WistarLipid PeroxidationThiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesHepatitis C, ChronicTyrosine TransaminaseAntioxidantsNecrosisRats, Sprague-DawleyAntiviral AgentsHepatitis CDisease Models, AnimalInterferon-alphaTreatment OutcomeTime FactorsAlanine DehydrogenaseHepacivirusOrnithine-Oxo-Acid TransaminaseAminooxyacetic AcidVigabatrinPredictive Value of Testsbeta-Alanine-Pyruvate TransaminaseRetrospective StudiesAmino AcidsMice, Inbred C57BLPyridoxal PhosphateTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaAspartate Aminotransferase, CytoplasmicIsoleucineProspective StudiesKetoglutaric AcidsAmino Acid SequenceMolecular Sequence DataAminobutyratesClinical Enzyme TestsPyridoxineGlutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)Aspartate Aminotransferase, MitochondrialMutagenesis, Site-DirectedKineticsGlycine TransaminaseGlutamineKeto AcidsAspartic AcidGlutamatesPyruvatesMutationHepatitisSuccinyldiaminopimelate TransaminasePyridoxamineValeratesLyasesLeucineValineEscherichia coliKynurenineAminationSuccinate-Semialdehyde DehydrogenaseAmino Acid SubstitutionOxaloacetic AcidAminocaproatesSerineBlood Chemical AnalysisRecombinant ProteinsSubstrate SpecificityAminoethylphosphonic Acid
Alanine Transaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2.6.1.2.
Aspartate Aminotransferases
Enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the conversion of L-aspartate and 2-ketoglutarate to oxaloacetate and L-glutamate. EC 2.6.1.1.
Alanine
A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Liver
A large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates that is responsible for detoxification, metabolism, synthesis and storage of various substances.
4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase
An enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) into succinate semialdehyde, which can be converted to succinic acid and enter the citric acid cycle. It also acts on beta-alanine. EC 2.6.1.19.
Drug-Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, and chemicals from the environment.
Transaminases
A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from a donor (generally an amino acid) to an acceptor (generally a 2-keto acid). Most of these enzymes are pyridoxyl phosphate proteins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.6.1.
Liver Function Tests
Blood tests that are used to evaluate how well a patient's liver is working and also to help diagnose liver conditions.
Liver Diseases
Pathological processes of the LIVER.
D-Alanine Transaminase
A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between D-Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to form PYRUVATE and D-GLUTAMATE, respectively. It plays a role in the synthesis of the bacterial CELL WALL. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 2.6.1.10.
Carbon Tetrachloride
A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed)
gamma-Glutamyltransferase
An enzyme, sometimes called GGT, with a key role in the synthesis and degradation of GLUTATHIONE; (GSH, a tripeptide that protects cells from many toxins). It catalyzes the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety to an acceptor amino acid.
Protective Agents
Synthetic or natural substances which are given to prevent a disease or disorder or are used in the process of treating a disease or injury due to a poisonous agent.
Bilirubin
A bile pigment that is a degradation product of HEME.
Plant Extracts
Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.
Acetaminophen
Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.
Galactosamine
Liver Cirrhosis
Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.
Alkaline Phosphatase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.1.
Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental
Experimentally induced chronic injuries to the parenchymal cells in the liver to achieve a model for LIVER CIRRHOSIS.
Phytotherapy
Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.
Alanine Racemase
A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that reversibly catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine. EC 5.1.1.1.
Biological Markers
Measurable and quantifiable biological parameters (e.g., specific enzyme concentration, specific hormone concentration, specific gene phenotype distribution in a population, presence of biological substances) which serve as indices for health- and physiology-related assessments, such as disease risk, psychiatric disorders, environmental exposure and its effects, disease diagnosis, metabolic processes, substance abuse, pregnancy, cell line development, epidemiologic studies, etc.
Hepatitis B, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS B VIRUS lasting six months or more. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
A tetrameric enzyme that, along with the coenzyme NAD+, catalyzes the interconversion of LACTATE and PYRUVATE. In vertebrates, genes for three different subunits (LDH-A, LDH-B and LDH-C) exist.
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in ischemic tissues resulting from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION), including swelling; HEMORRHAGE; NECROSIS; and damage from FREE RADICALS. The most common instance is MYOCARDIAL REPERFUSION INJURY.
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
A subclass of analgesic agents that typically do not bind to OPIOID RECEPTORS and are not addictive. Many non-narcotic analgesics are offered as NONPRESCRIPTION DRUGS.
Rats, Wistar
A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.
Lipid Peroxidation
Peroxidase catalyzed oxidation of lipids using hydrogen peroxide as an electron acceptor.
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
Low-molecular-weight end products, probably malondialdehyde, that are formed during the decomposition of lipid peroxidation products. These compounds react with thiobarbituric acid to form a fluorescent red adduct.
Hepatitis C, Chronic
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans that is caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS lasting six months or more. Chronic hepatitis C can lead to LIVER CIRRHOSIS.
Tyrosine Transaminase
An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-TYROSINE and 2-oxoglutarate to 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate and L-GLUTAMATE. It is a pyridoxal-phosphate protein. L-PHENYLALANINE is hydroxylated to L-tyrosine. The mitochondrial enzyme may be identical with ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASES (EC 2.6.1.1.). Deficiency of this enzyme may cause type II Tyrosinemia (see TYROSINEMIAS). EC 2.6.1.5.
Antioxidants
Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard the oxidation of a substance to which it is added. They counteract the harmful and damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.
Necrosis
The pathological process occurring in cells that are dying from irreparable injuries. It is caused by the progressive, uncontrolled action of degradative ENZYMES, leading to MITOCHONDRIAL SWELLING, nuclear flocculation, and cell lysis. It is distinct it from APOPTOSIS, which is a normal, regulated cellular process.
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company.
Antiviral Agents
Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.
Hepatitis C
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by HEPATITIS C VIRUS, a single-stranded RNA virus. Its incubation period is 30-90 days. Hepatitis C is transmitted primarily by contaminated blood parenterally, and is often associated with transfusion and intravenous drug abuse. However, in a significant number of cases, the source of hepatitis C infection is unknown.
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Interferon-alpha
One of the type I interferons produced by peripheral blood leukocytes or lymphoblastoid cells. In addition to antiviral activity, it activates NATURAL KILLER CELLS and B-LYMPHOCYTES, and down-regulates VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR expression through PI-3 KINASE and MAPK KINASES signaling pathways.
Treatment Outcome
Evaluation undertaken to assess the results or consequences of management and procedures used in combating disease in order to determine the efficacy, effectiveness, safety, and practicability of these interventions in individual cases or series.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Alanine Dehydrogenase
An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible DEAMINATION of L-ALANINE to PYRUVATE and AMMONIA. The enzyme is needed for growth when ALANINE is the sole CARBON or NITROGEN source. It may also play a role in CELL WALL synthesis because L-ALANINE is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer.
Hepacivirus
A genus of FLAVIVIRIDAE causing parenterally-transmitted HEPATITIS C which is associated with transfusions and drug abuse. Hepatitis C virus is the type species.
Ornithine-Oxo-Acid Transaminase
A pyridoxal phosphate enzyme that catalyzes the formation of glutamate gamma-semialdehyde and an L-amino acid from L-ornithine and a 2-keto-acid. EC 2.6.1.13.
Aminooxyacetic Acid
A compound that inhibits aminobutyrate aminotransferase activity in vivo, thereby raising the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid in tissues.
Vigabatrin
An analogue of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. It is an irreversible inhibitor of 4-AMINOBUTYRATE TRANSAMINASE, the enzyme responsible for the catabolism of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed)
Predictive Value of Tests
In screening and diagnostic tests, the probability that a person with a positive test is a true positive (i.e., has the disease), is referred to as the predictive value of a positive test; whereas, the predictive value of a negative test is the probability that the person with a negative test does not have the disease. Predictive value is related to the sensitivity and specificity of the test.
beta-Alanine-Pyruvate Transaminase
A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from L-ALANINE to 3-oxopropanoate to generate PYRUVATE and BETA-ALANINE.
Retrospective Studies
Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.
Amino Acids
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Pyridoxal Phosphate
This is the active form of VITAMIN B 6 serving as a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. During transamination of amino acids, pyridoxal phosphate is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate (PYRIDOXAMINE).
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Serum glycoprotein produced by activated MACROPHAGES and other mammalian MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. It has necrotizing activity against tumor cell lines and increases ability to reject tumor transplants. Also known as TNF-alpha, it is only 30% homologous to TNF-beta (LYMPHOTOXIN), but they share TNF RECEPTORS.
Aspartate Aminotransferase, Cytoplasmic
An aspartate aminotransferase found in the CYTOPLASM.
Isoleucine
An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.
Prospective Studies
Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group.
Ketoglutaric Acids
A family of compounds containing an oxo group with the general structure of 1,5-pentanedioic acid. (From Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p442)
Amino Acid Sequence
The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.
Molecular Sequence Data
Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.
Aminobutyrates
Derivatives of BUTYRIC ACID that contain one or more amino groups attached to the aliphatic structure. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that include the aminobutryrate structure.
Clinical Enzyme Tests
Analyses for a specific enzyme activity, or of the level of a specific enzyme that is used to assess health and disease risk, for early detection of disease or disease prediction, diagnosis, and change in disease status.
Pyridoxine
The 4-methanol form of VITAMIN B 6 which is converted to PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE which is a coenzyme for synthesis of amino acids, neurotransmitters (serotonin, norepinephrine), sphingolipids, aminolevulinic acid. Although pyridoxine and Vitamin B 6 are still frequently used as synonyms, especially by medical researchers, this practice is erroneous and sometimes misleading (EE Snell; Ann NY Acad Sci, vol 585 pg 1, 1990).
Glutamine-Fructose-6-Phosphate Transaminase (Isomerizing)
An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of fructose-6-phosphate plus GLUTAMINE from GLUTAMATE plus glucosamine-6-phosphate.
Aspartate Aminotransferase, Mitochondrial
An aspartate aminotransferase found in MITOCHONDRIA.
Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
Genetically engineered MUTAGENESIS at a specific site in the DNA molecule that introduces a base substitution, or an insertion or deletion.
Kinetics
The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
Glycine Transaminase
A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of the amino group of GLYCINE onto 2-oxoglutarate to generate GLYOXYLATE and L-GLUTAMATE.
Glutamine
A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.
Keto Acids
Aspartic Acid
One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.
Glutamates
Derivatives of GLUTAMIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the 2-aminopentanedioic acid structure.
Pyruvates
Mutation
Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.
Hepatitis
INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.
Succinyldiaminopimelate Transaminase
A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the transfer amino group from N-succinyl-L-2,6-diaminoheptanedioate to 2-oxoglutarate in order to generate N-succinyl-2-L-amino-6-oxoheptanedioate and L-GLUTAMATE, respectively.
Pyridoxamine
The 4-aminomethyl form of VITAMIN B 6. During transamination of amino acids, PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE is transiently converted into pyridoxamine phosphate.
Valerates
Lyases
A class of enzymes that catalyze the cleavage of C-C, C-O, and C-N, and other bonds by other means than by hydrolysis or oxidation. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 4.
Leucine
An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.
Valine
A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.
Escherichia coli
A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.
Kynurenine
Amination
The creation of an amine. It can be produced by the addition of an amino group to an organic compound or reduction of a nitro group.
Succinate-Semialdehyde Dehydrogenase
An enzyme that plays a role in the GLUTAMATE and butanoate metabolism pathways by catalyzing the oxidation of succinate semialdehyde to SUCCINATE using NAD+ as a coenzyme. Deficiency of this enzyme, causes 4-hydroxybutyricaciduria, a rare inborn error in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA).
Amino Acid Substitution
The naturally occurring or experimentally induced replacement of one or more AMINO ACIDS in a protein with another. If a functionally equivalent amino acid is substituted, the protein may retain wild-type activity. Substitution may also diminish, enhance, or eliminate protein function. Experimentally induced substitution is often used to study enzyme activities and binding site properties.
Oxaloacetic Acid
A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE.
Aminocaproates
Amino derivatives of caproic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain the amino caproic acid structure.
Serine
A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.
Blood Chemical Analysis
An examination of chemicals in the blood.
Recombinant Proteins
Proteins prepared by recombinant DNA technology.
Substrate Specificity
A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.
Aminoethylphosphonic Acid
An organophosphorus compound isolated from human and animal tissues.

Quantitative aspects in the assessment of liver injury. (1/3443)

Liver function data are usually difficult to use in their original form when one wishes to compare the hepatotoxic properties of several chemical substances. However, procedures are available for the conversion of liver function data into quantal responses. These permit the elaboration of dose-response lines for the substances in question, the calculation of median effective doses and the statistical analysis of differences in liver-damaging potency. These same procedures can be utilized for estimating the relative hazard involved if one compares the liver-damaging potency to the median effective dose for some other pharmacologie parameter. Alterations in hepatic triglycerides, lipid peroxidation, and the activities of various hepatic enzymes can also be quantitiated in a dose-related manner. This permits the selection of equitoxic doses required for certain comparative studies and the selection of doses in chemical interaction studies. The quantitative problems involved in low-frequency adverse reactions and the difficulty these present in the detection of liver injury in laboratory animals are discussed.  (+info)

Activities of citrate synthase, NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in nervous tissues from vertebrates and invertebrates. (2/3443)

1. The activities of citrate synthase and NAD+-linked and NADP+-linked isocitrate dehydrogenases were measured in nervous tissue from different animals in an attempt to provide more information about the citric acid cycle in this tissue. In higher animals the activities of citrate synthase are greater than the sum of activities of the isocitrate dehydrogenases, whereas they are similar in nervous tissues from the lower animals. This suggests that in higher animals the isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction is far-removed from equilibrium. If it is assumed that isocitrate dehydrogenase activities provide an indication of the maximum flux through the citric acid cycle, the maximum glycolytic capacity in nervous tissue is considerably greater than that of the cycle. This suggest that glycolysis can provide energy in excess of the aerobic capacity of the tissue. 2. The activities of glutamate dehydrogenase are high in most nervous tissues and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase are high in all nervous tissue investigated. However, the activities of alanine aminotransferase are low in all tissues except the ganglia of the waterbug and cockroach. In these insect tissues, anaerobic glycolysis may result in the formation of alanine rather than lactate.  (+info)

Blockade of type beta transforming growth factor signaling prevents liver fibrosis and dysfunction in the rat. (3/3443)

We eliminated type beta transforming growth factor (TGF-beta) signaling by adenovirus-mediated local expression of a dominant-negative type II TGF-beta receptor (AdCATbeta-TR) in the liver of rats treated with dimethylnitrosamine, a model of persistent liver fibrosis. In rats that received a single application of AdCATbeta-TR via the portal vein, liver fibrosis as assessed by histology and hydroxyproline content was markedly attenuated. All AdCATbeta-TR-treated rats remained alive, and their serum levels of hyaluronic acid and transaminases remained at low levels, whereas all the AdCATbeta-TR-untreated rats died of liver dysfunction. The results demonstrate that TGF-beta does play a central role in liver fibrogenesis and indicate clearly in a persistent fibrosis model that prevention of fibrosis by anti-TGF-beta intervention could be therapeutically useful.  (+info)

Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor fostriecin. (4/3443)

We conducted a phase I and pharmacokinetic study of the topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor fostriecin. Fostriecin was administered intravenously over 60 min on days 1-5 at 4-week intervals. Dose was escalated from 2 mg m(-2) day(-1) to 20 mg m(-2) day(-1) in 20 patients. Drug pharmacokinetics was analysed with high performance liquid chromatography with UV-detection. Plasma collected during drug administration was tested in vitro for growth inhibition of a teniposide-resistant small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell line. The predominant toxicities were elevated liver transaminases (maximum common toxicity criteria (CTC) grade 4) and serum creatinine (maximum CTC grade 2). These showed only a limited increase with increasing doses, often recovered during drug administration and were fully reversible. Duration of elevated alanine-amino transferase (ALT) was dose-limiting in one patient at 20 mg m(-2). Other frequent toxicities were grade 1-2 nausea/vomiting, fever and mild fatigue. Mean fostriecin plasma half-life was 0.36 h (initial; 95% CI, 0-0.76 h) and 1.51 h (terminal; 95% CI, 0.41-2.61 h). A metabolite, most probably dephosphorylated fostriecin, was detected in plasma and urine. No tumour responses were observed, but the plasma concentrations reached in the patients were insufficient to induce significant growth inhibition in vitro. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) has not been reached, because drug supply was stopped at the 20 mg m(-2) dose level. However, further escalation seems possible and is warranted to achieve potentially effective drug levels. Fostriecin has a short plasma half-life and longer duration of infusion should be considered.  (+info)

Influences of Kupffer cell stimulation and suppression on immunological liver injury in mice. (5/3443)

AIM: To study the possible involvement of Kupffer cells (KC) in immunological liver injury in mice. METHODS: Liver injury was induced by i.v. injection of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) 5 x 10(7) viable bacilli followed by i.v. injection of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 7.5 micrograms to each mouse. Indian ink and silica were i.v. injected to suppress KC and retinol was given po to stimulate KC in these mice. Plasma alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT), aspatate aminotransferase (AspAT), nitric oxide (NO), and liver tissue were examined. RESULTS: Injection of LPS following BCG injection resulted in a remarkable elevation of plasma NO, AlaAT, and AspAT levels, and severe liver damage. The damages were enhanced by the activation of KC with retinol and reduced by suppression of KC with silica and Indian ink. CONCLUSION: The degree of liver injury induced by BCG + LPS is closely correlated with the status of KC, and NO from KC plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the liver damage in mice.  (+info)

Effect of epidermal growth factor on cultured rat hepatocytes poisoned by CCl4. (6/3443)

AIM: To study the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on CCl4-induced primary cultured hepatocytes injury. METHODS: Alanine amino-transferase (AlaAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) activities and K+ concentractions were determined by the Auto-biochemistry Assay System. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was determined by thiobarbituric acid method. Radioactivity was determined by liquid scintillometry. Light microscopy and electron microscopy were used. RESULTS: EGF 40 micrograms.L-1 decreased CCl4 (10 mmol.L-1)-induced damages of rat primary cultured hepatocytes by decreasing AlaAT and AspAT leakage and MDA production, and promoted RNA and DNA synthesis, with a high positive correlation between intracellular K+ leakage and DNA syntheses (r = 0.99, P < 0.01). Cytopathological study showed that EGF decreased damage of liver cells. CONCLUSION: EGF maintains the stability of cellular lipid membrane and promotes syntheses of RNA and DNA of hepatocytes, and intracellular K+ transference is a promotor of the message transmission of DNA synthesis.  (+info)

Continuous versus intermittent portal triad clamping for liver resection: a controlled study. (7/3443)

OBJECTIVE: The authors compared the intra- and postoperative course of patients undergoing liver resections under continuous pedicular clamping (CPC) or intermittent pedicular clamping (IPC). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Reduced blood loss during liver resection is achieved by pedicular clamping. There is controversy about the benefits of IPC over CPC in humans in terms of hepatocellular injury and blood loss control in normal and abnormal liver parenchyma. METHODS: Eighty-six patients undergoing liver resections were included in a prospective randomized study comparing the intra- and postoperative course under CPC (n = 42) or IPC (n = 44) with periods of 15 minutes of clamping and 5 minutes of unclamping. The data were further analyzed according to the presence (steatosis >20% and chronic liver disease) or absence of abnormal liver parenchyma. RESULTS: The two groups of patients were similar in terms of age, sex, nature of the liver tumors, results of preoperative assessment, proportion of patients undergoing major or minor hepatectomy, and nature of nontumorous liver parenchyma. Intraoperative blood loss during liver transsection was significantly higher in the IPC group. In the CPC group, postoperative liver enzymes and serum bilirubin levels were significantly higher in the subgroup of patients with abnormal liver parenchyma. Major postoperative deterioration of liver function occurred in four patients with abnormal liver parenchyma, with two postoperative deaths. All of them were in the CPC group. CONCLUSIONS: This clinical controlled study clearly demonstrated the better parenchymal tolerance to IPC over CPC, especially in patients with abnormal liver parenchyma.  (+info)

Folate nutriture alters choline status of women and men fed low choline diets. (8/3443)

Choline and folate share methylation pathways and, in studies of rats, were shown to be metabolically inter-related. To determine whether choline status is related to folate intake in humans, we measured the effect of controlled folate depletion and repletion on the plasma choline and phosphatidylcholine concentrations of 11 healthy men (33-46 y) and 10 healthy women (49-63 y) fed low-choline diets in two separate metabolic unit studies. Total folate intake was varied by supplementing low folate (25 and 56 microg/d for men and women, respectively) and low choline (238 and 147 mg/d for men and women, respectively) diets with pteroylglutamic acid for 2-6 wk following folate-depletion periods of 4-5 wk. The low folate/choline intakes resulted in subclinical folate deficiencies; mean plasma choline decreases of 28 and 25% in the men and women, respectively; and a plasma phosphatidylcholine decrease of 26% in the men (P < 0. 05). No functional choline deficiency occurred, as measured by serum transaminase and lipid concentrations. The decreases in choline status measures returned to baseline or higher upon moderate folate repletion and were more responsive to folate repletion than plasma folate and homocysteine. Feeding methionine supplements to the men did not prevent plasma choline depletion, indicating that folate is a more limiting nutrient for these methylation pathways. The results indicate that 1) choline is utilized as a methyl donor when folate intake is low, 2) the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylcholine is insufficient to maintain choline status when intakes of folate and choline are low, and 3) dietary choline is required by adults in an amount > 250 mg/d to maintain plasma choline and phosphatidylcholine when folate intake is low.  (+info)

Characterization of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels during pegylated-interferon α-2b plus ribavirin treatment for...Characterization of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels during pegylated-interferon α-2b plus ribavirin treatment for...
Aoki, Y.-h., Ohkoshi, S., Yamagiwa, S., Yano, M., Takahashi, H., Waguri, N., Igarashi, K., Sugitani, S.-i., Takahashi, T., Ishikawa, T., Kamimura, T., Wakabayashi, H., Watanabe, T., Matsuda, Y., Nomoto, M. and Aoyagi, Y. (2011), Characterization of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels during pegylated-interferon α-2b plus ribavirin treatment for chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology Research, 41: 118-125. doi: 10.1111/j.1872-034X.2010.00749.x ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1872-034X.2010.00749.x/references?globalMessage=0
Peginterferon-Based Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients with Normal Alanine Aminotransferase Levels |...Peginterferon-Based Therapy for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Patients with Normal Alanine Aminotransferase Levels |...
Background: About 25% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values (1). No agreement about management of these patients exists (2). The standard of care for chronic HCV infection is the combination of peginterferon plus ribavirin, and the addition of amantadine may increase the virologic response (3, 4). However, optimal treatment in patients with persistently normal ALT levels has not been investigated ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/716984/peginterferon-based-therapy-chronic-hepatitis-c-virus-infection-patients-normal
Elevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in KoreansElevated alanine aminotransferase levels predict mortality from cardiovascular disease and diabetes in Koreans
Our findings demonstrate that elevated ALT levels are independently associated with increased CVD- or diabetes-related mortality in Koreans. Thus, elevated ALT levels, as a marker for NAFLD, may serve as a surrogate predictor of CVD- or diabetes-related mortality among the Korean population.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19159884/?dopt=Abstract
Updated thresholds for serum alanine aminotransferase level in a large-scale population study composed of 34 346 subjects<...Updated thresholds for serum alanine aminotransferase level in a large-scale population study composed of 34 346 subjects<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Updated thresholds for serum alanine aminotransferase level in a large-scale population study composed of 34 346 subjects. AU - Wu, W. C.. AU - Wu, C. Y.. AU - Wang, Y. J.. AU - Hung, H. H.. AU - Yang, H. I.. AU - Kao, W. Y.. AU - Su, C. W.. AU - Wu, J. C.. AU - Chan, W. L.. AU - Lin, H. C.. AU - Lee, F. Y.. AU - Lee, S. D.. PY - 2012/9/1. Y1 - 2012/9/1. N2 - Background: The sensitivity of current upper limit of normal (ULN) of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels for detecting chronic liver disease has been challenged recently. Aim: To identify modulating factors for serum ALT levels and to refine its ULN threshold. Methods: We enrolled 34 346 consecutive subjects who completed the health check-up at Taipei Veterans General Hospital from 2002 to 2009. ULN was set for healthy ALT level to the 95th percentile of the reference healthy population. Results: A group of 21 282 subjects were used as a training set to define an ULN with the highest sensitivity; afterwards, this ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/zh/publications/updated-thresholds-for-serum-alanine-aminotransferase-level-in-a-
Liver histopathology and liver and serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in epileptic dogs...Liver histopathology and liver and serum alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities in epileptic dogs...
Phenobarbital (PB) therapy is frequently associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities in dogs without clinical signs of liver disease. The goal of this study was to determine if increased serum ALT and AP activities in clinically healthy PB-treated epileptic dogs are due to hepatic enzyme induction or to subclinical liver injury. Liver biopsies were obtained from 12 PB-treated dogs without clinical signs of liver disease but with elevated Show morePhenobarbital (PB) therapy is frequently associated with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities in dogs without clinical signs of liver disease. The goal of this study was to determine if increased serum ALT and AP activities in clinically healthy PB-treated epileptic dogs are due to hepatic enzyme induction or to subclinical liver injury. Liver biopsies were obtained from 12 PB-treated dogs without clinical signs of liver disease but with elevated ...
http://www.islandscholar.ca/islandora/object/ir:ir-batch6-394
Patterns and Risk Factors for Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation among HIV Patients on Nevirapine Regimens | DR. MARGARET N....Patterns and Risk Factors for Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation among HIV Patients on Nevirapine Regimens | DR. MARGARET N....
Results: Risk factors for ALT elevation differed by gender. Predictor variables that were significantly associated with ALT elevation in both sexes included; elevated baseline ALT level [β=10.14 (95%CI 7.34- 12.96); P,0.001], [β=13.52 (95%CI 9.36 -17.68); P , 0.001] and renal disease [β=5.44 (95%CI 2.62 - 8.25); P ,0.001], [β=11.52 (95%CI 3.46 - 19.60); P = 0.005] in females and males respectively. Ethnicity had a protective effect in both sexes; [β-6.61(95%CI- 9.28, -3.93); P, 0.001] in males and [β-1.20 (95% CI-2.39, -0.01); P= 0.048] in females. Among the different ethnic groups, Nilotes and Cushites had lower ALT levels compared to Bantus. Other factors that were significant included; smoking (P=0.001), concurrent illnesses (P=0.045), previous adverse drug reactions (P=0.040) in females and a longer duration of anti-retroviral therapy [β 1.81(95%CI 0.89 - 2.73); P , 0.001] in males. Poor adherence had a protective effect [β -1.62(95%CI -3.20, -0.04); P=0.045] among females, whereas ...
https://profiles.uonbi.ac.ke/moluka/publications/patterns-and-risk-factors-alanine-aminotransferase-elevation-among-hiv-patients-
The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled...The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled...
Previous animal studies have shown that Curcuma longa (turmeric) improves liver function. Turmeric may thus be a promising ingredient in functional foods aimed at improving liver function. The purpose of the study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of fermented turmeric powder (FTP) on liver function in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted between November 2010 and April 2012 at the clinical trial center for functional foods of the Chonbuk National University Hospital. The trial included 60 subjects, 20 years old and above, who were diagnosed mild to moderate elevated ALT levels between 40 IU/L and 200 IU/L. Sixty subjects were randomised to receive FTP 3.0 g per day or placebo 3.0 g per day for 12 weeks. The treatment group received two capsules of FTP three times a day after meals, for 12 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was change in the ALT levels in the two groups. The secondary efficacy endpoints
https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-13-58
Plus itPlus it
The clinical pharmacokinetics of etoposide were studied in eight pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors. The α-phase half-life, β-phase half-life, volume of distribution, and elimination rate constant averaged 0.82 hr, 6.5 hr, 4.0 liters/sq m, and 0.25 hr-1, respectively. Noncompartmental parameters such as systemic clearance, mean residence time, and volume of distribution at steady-state averaged 20.9 ml/min/sq m, 7.8 hr, and 7.2 liters/sq m, respectively. A significant relationship between serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase and systemic clearance was observed, with patients having elevated serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase showing slower systemic clearance of etoposide. Systemic clearance, mean residence time, and β-phase half-life of etoposide were significantly lower in those patients who had received cisplatin prior to their Phase II etoposide trial. The average pharmacokinetic values derived from these eight pediatric patients with solid tumors did not differ significantly ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/44/7/3109
Viral and metabolic factors influencing alanine aminotransferase activity in patients with chronic hepatitis CViral and metabolic factors influencing alanine aminotransferase activity in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Background/Aims: In chronic hepatitis C, disease progression and clinical manifestations are heterogenous. To clarify the role and interactions of viral and host factors in inducing liver cell injury, we examined the associations of several virological and metabolic variables with serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Methods: Patients with chronic hepatitis C enrolled in three phase III clinical trials of peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) plus ribavirin (two studies analysing elevated and one persistently normal alanine aminotransferase) were included. Results: Multivariate analyses of 2881 patients before treatment and of 1403 patients with a sustained virological response indicated that gender, viral factors (genotype, HCV RNA titer) and indicators of metabolic syndrome (body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride concentration) were associated with alanine aminotransferase levels. In addition, hepatitis C virus infection influenced serum lipids concentration ...
https://iris.unica.it/handle/11584/17591
Histological and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Persistently Normal Alanine Aminotransferase...Histological and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Persistently Normal Alanine Aminotransferase...
Hepatitis Research and Treatment is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles, review articles, and clinical studies related to all aspects of hepatitis.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/heprt/2014/760943/cta/
Hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal ALT levels: biological peculiarities and update of the natural history of...Hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal ALT levels: biological peculiarities and update of the natural history of...
Some chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients exhibit persistently normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (PNAL). Patients with PNAL experience significantly milder disease. In order to understand the differences between CHC patients with elevated ALT levels compared with those with PNAL better, we compared epidemiological, immunological and histological findings, in particular, the value of proliferating hepatocyte activity (PCNA) between the two groups of patients. We studied 40 chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) carriers with increased ALT who underwent liver biopsy for histological diagnosis and determination of clinical prognosis, and 24 PNAL patients under follow-up for 10 years. Immunological response to different HCV genomic epitopes was tested in both the control group and in PNAL subjects. PCNA values from liver specimens of all patients as well as liver biopsies of PNAL patients at time points 0 and 5 years were calculated according to Hall et al.Age, sex and body mass index (BMI) were ...
https://iris.unicampania.it/handle/11591/189379
Serum Alanine Aminotransferase and Seronegative Hepatitis | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of PhysiciansSerum Alanine Aminotransferase and Seronegative Hepatitis | Annals of Internal Medicine | American College of Physicians
To the editor: Previous studies (1, 2) have established a direct relation between elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels in donor blood and the risk for post-transfusion hepatitis. In an independent study (3), we determined the extent to which continuing transaminase elevation is a manifestation of chronic persistent hepatitis (non-A, non-B chronic persistent hepatitis) or of insignificant steatosis.. Of 103 patients with persistent or intermittent asymptomatic transaminase elevation, no patient had acute or chronic infectious hepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, or thesaurismosis, or was receiving hepatotoxic drugs. Seronegative chronic hepatitis (group 1) was differentiated from steatosis (group 2) by biopsy means. The histologic findings in group 1 were mild portal infiltration rich in lymphocytes and plasma cells, and lymph follicles with germinal centers and bile duct lesions.. Group 1 comprised 46 patients with different modes of infection (posttransfusion h ...
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/701457/serum-alanine-aminotransferase-seronegative-hepatitis
Alanine Aminotransferase levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Hispanic/Latino FarmworkersAlanine Aminotransferase levels are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Hispanic/Latino Farmworkers
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are major causes of mortality among U.S. Hispanic/Latino farmworkers. Since Hispanics/Latinos, in general, are twice as likely as non-Hispanic whites to have elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), a biomarker of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, it is vital to understand the CVD risk factor-ALT relationship in Hispanic/Latino farmworkers. This study investigated the elevated ALT status in Hispanic/Latino farmworkers and the relationships between ALT and CVD risk markers.Methods: In 210 Hispanic/Latino farmworkers (48% female; aged 35.2 ± 9.2 years), fasting blood samples were measured for serum ALT, and elevated ALT was defined by | 43 U/L. CVD risk markers were measured with standard methods and defined according to the definitions of metabolic syndrome.Results: The overall prevalence for elevated ALT was 12.4%. Significant linear upward trends across tertiles of serum ALT were observed for body mass index, waist circumference, fasting glucose
https://www.ommegaonline.org/article-details/Alanine-Aminotransferase-levels-are-Associated-with-Cardiometabolic-Risk-Markers-in-HispanicLatino-Farmworkers-/1561
Intraabdominal sarcoma of follicular dendritic cells] | eLitMedIntraabdominal sarcoma of follicular dendritic cells] | eLitMed
INTRODUCTION - Persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels, which occur in a fraction of patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus, do not rule out the presence of chronic hepatitis C, even of that with advanced inflammation and fibrosis. Here we report our results of the treatment of these patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS - Patients with histologically confirmed chronic hepatitis C received combined antiviral treatment with pegylated interferon (alfa-2a 1×180 μg/week or alfa-2b 1×1.5 μg/kg/week) and ribavirin (800- 1200 mg/day) for 48-52 weeks. The alanineaminotransferase levels of 21 patients (14 females, 7 males, age: 20-54, mean 38 years) did not reach the upper limit of normal (40 U/l) during the period of observation (≥6 months). There were 19 and 2 cases with hepatitis C virus genotype 1b and 3, respectively. The patients hepatitis activity index was 3.7 1.75, fibrosis score: 0.9 0.64, baseline viral titer: 1.18 1.12×106 IU/ml, alanine-aminotransferase level: ...
https://elitmed.hu/en/publications/lege-artis-medicinae/intraabdominal-sarcoma-of-follicular-dendritic-cells
Prolonged Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation Associated with Isotretinoin AdministrationProlonged Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation Associated with Isotretinoin Administration
Case Reports in Hepatology is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes case reports and case series related to the management of disorders affecting the liver, gallbladder, biliary tree, and pancreas.
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/crihep/2019/9270827/abs/
Occult Hep B: Long-term histologic and virologic outcomes of acute self-limited hepatitis BOccult Hep B: Long-term histologic and virologic outcomes of acute self-limited hepatitis B
Between December 1990 and August 1998, 19 patients with acute hepatitis B were admitted to our institution. A diagnosis of acute hepatitis B was based on elevated serum alanine aminotransferase activity, detection of HBsAg and immunoglobulin M antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in the serum, and the recent onset of jaundice and other typical symptoms. Coinfection with hepatitis A, C, D, or E; Epstein-Barr virus; or cytomegalovirus was ruled out because of the negative results of serologic tests. Confounding etiology of liver disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection, and other immunodeficient diseases were not found in any patient. In 2000, this complete series of patients with acute hepatitis B was contacted for follow-up. Fourteen patients (74%) revisited our institution and were reevaluated for clinical, serologic, histologic, and virologic recovery from the disease. The group comprised 11 men and 3 women ranging in age from 26 to 65 years (median, 43 years). All patients ...
http://www.natap.org/2003/may/050903_2.htm
Plus itPlus it
Diabetes is a less-recognized association of hepatitis-C virus (HCV) infection, although several recent studies provide data linking HCV infection and diabetes (1-5). To investigate whether patients with chronic HCV infection without evidence of cirrhosis have an increased risk of diabetes, we conducted a case-control study in 44 consecutive eligible patients with HCV infection and no clinical or histological evidence of cirrhosis and in 20 control subjects without liver disease who were matched by age, sex, and BMI. All 44 patients with chronic HCV infection had biochemical evidence of ongoing inflamation with elevated alanine aminotransferase activity and histologic confirmation. There was no evidence of decompensated liver disease. No patient received any antiviral, immunomodulatory, or immunosuppressive therapy. Immunoreactive insulin was determined by double-antibody radiomimmunosassay (Coat-a-count; Diagnostic Products, Los Angeles, CA). Serum leptin level was determined by the ...
http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/25/5/937.1
Management of Chronic Viral Hepatitis | GutManagement of Chronic Viral Hepatitis | Gut
Management of Chronic Viral Hepatitis is an A5 sized multiauthor textbook of over 300 pages which forms one of eight books in a gastroenterology and hepatology series. Curiously, the only other hepatological title in this series is a book entitled Viral Hepatitis: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention by a different editor. The stated intention of the book is to bring the recent advances in clinical and basic research into the doctors office. Through the use of clinical vignettes, it tries to cover some of the recent advances in the treatment of viral hepatitis and to demonstrate how these treatments are incorporated into everyday practice. This is a good idea, which works well, particularly in those chapters concerning treatment. In addition to looking at the general treatment of viral hepatitis, the book also has informative chapters on specific disease subsets such as those with chronic hepatitis C and normal alanine aminotransferase levels or those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and ...
http://gut.bmj.com/content/52/1/156.2
JCM | Free Full-Text | Alterations of the Gut Microbiome in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Associated with Alanine...JCM | Free Full-Text | Alterations of the Gut Microbiome in Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection Associated with Alanine...
The changes in the gut microbiota of healthy hepatitis B virus (HBV) carriers, including asymptomatic and non-cirrhotic subjects, have been rarely scrutinized. From 1463 faecal samples in health examinees, in total 112 subjects, including 36 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and 76 control subjects, were included. Twenty-eight of 36 HBsAg-positive individuals (78%) showed normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (normal ALT group), whereas eight subjects exhibited elevated ALT levels (22%, high ALT group). By using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the distance between normal and high ALT groups among HBsAg-positive subjects showed a significant separation after the pairwise comparison of weighted UniFrac distance (permutational analysis of variance q-value = 0.039), when compared with the distances to the control group. In comparison with the control group, the normal ALT group had Anaerostipes as a significant taxon that showed a positive association (Coefficient (Coef.) = 0.028, q = 0.039).
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/2/173
Serum alanine aminotransferase levels and the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in chronic HCV infections | The Medical...Serum alanine aminotransferase levels and the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in chronic HCV infections | The Medical...
To the Editor: Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects almost 200 000 Australians.1 It is monitored clinically by serial liver function tests (LFTs) and HCV RNA detection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). HCV RNA is a marker of chronic infection and levels reflect response to antiviral therapy. However, testing for the presence of HCV RNA is expensive and, under the current Medicare Benefits Schedule, is not available to people with HCV antibodies and abnormal LFTs unless they are undergoing antiviral therapy.. ...
https://www.mja.com.au/journal/2002/176/3/serum-alanine-aminotransferase-levels-and-detection-hepatitis-c-virus-hcv
Study on the Usage, Dosing, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Kaletra Tablet - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govStudy on the Usage, Dosing, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Kaletra Tablet - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Percentage of overall number of adverse events experienced during Weeks 0-144 by adverse event type. Doctors asked participants for adverse events, grouped them into categories given in the electronic case report form (eCRF). The list of adverse events included in the eCRF were hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), elevated gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT), elevated alkaline phosphatase, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, mood disorder, neurocerebellar disorder, neurocontrol disorder, headache, fatigue, fever, other (listed as not specified ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01097655?order=208
Study on the Usage, Dosing, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Kaletra Tablet - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.govStudy on the Usage, Dosing, Tolerability, and Effectiveness of Kaletra Tablet - Full Text View - ClinicalTrials.gov
Percentage of overall number of adverse events experienced during Weeks 0-144 by adverse event type. Doctors asked participants for adverse events, grouped them into categories given in the electronic case report form (eCRF). The list of adverse events included in the eCRF were hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, high low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hyperbilirubinemia, elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST), elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT), elevated gamma glutamyl transferase (γGT), elevated alkaline phosphatase, stomatitis, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, mood disorder, neurocerebellar disorder, neurocontrol disorder, headache, fatigue, fever, other (listed as not specified ...
https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01097655?order=695
TARGET-NASH Real-World Study Reveals Two Thirds Of Patients With NAFLD Had No Record Of Liver BiopsyTARGET-NASH Real-World Study Reveals Two Thirds Of Patients With NAFLD Had No Record Of Liver Biopsy
DURHAM, N.C., Feb. 22, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Target RWE, a leading real-world evidence (RWE) solutions company for the pharmaceutical and biotech industries, announced newest data from its ongoing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) observational study, published in Hepatology Communications (https://doi.org/10.1002/hep4.1689).. The TARGET-NASH study, Patient Determinants for Histologic Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the Real World: A TARGET-NASH Study, aimed to determine patient characteristics that are predictive of having a diagnosis by biopsy versus a diagnosis using clinical criteria.. Analyzing 3,474 adult participants with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) managed in usual clinical practice from August 2016 to March 2019, the study found 67% of the cohort had not had a liver biopsy. Predictive factors of having a diagnosis by biopsy included White race, female sex, diabetes, and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Overall, median age was 59 years, 59% were ...
https://www.targetrwe.com/news-events/target-nash-real-world-study-reveals-two-thirds-of-patients-with-nafld-had-no-record-of-liver-biopsy/
Abnormal Liver Function Tests of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-...Abnormal Liver Function Tests of Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Mainland China: A Systematic Review and Meta-...
Results: We included 8 articles comprising 7,467 COVID-19 patients. When compared between severe and non-severe COVID-19 patients, the pooled ORs of elevated alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were 2.35 (95% CI 1.38-3.98), 3.21 (95% CI 2.59-3.98), 1.87 (95% CI 1.32-2.65), and 4.83 (95% CI 2.90-8.05), respectively. ...
https://www.jgld.ro/jgld/index.php/jgld/article/view/2513
Alanine AminotransferaseAlanine Aminotransferase
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Alanine Aminotransferase, Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase, Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase, Serum ALT, ALT, SGPT, Aminotransferase.
https://fpnotebook.com/mobile/GI/Lab/AlnAmntrnsfrs.htm
Alanine Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) - MolQAlanine Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) - MolQ
Diagnosis and monitoring of liver disease associated with hepatic necrosisAlanine transaminase (ALT) is also called alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and was formerly called serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). ALT is found in plasma and in various body tissues, but is most common in the liver. This test is commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests is a are part of Liver function test (LFT). ...
https://molq.in/product/alanine-transaminase-alt-sgpt/
Tips From Other Journals - American Family PhysicianTips From Other Journals - American Family Physician
Hepatitis C virus infection often leads to chronic hepatitis, which may progress to cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma. Interferon alfa is the only currently known effective therapy, but it requires a minimum of six months of treatment, and only a small percentage of patients receive long-term benefits. Although several factors, including age, absence of cirrhosis, viral genotype and other variables that influence treatment outcome have been identified, a better predictor of response to treatment would be useful. Gavier and associates analyzed viral status after initiation of interferon therapy as a predictor of treatment outcome.. One hundred eighty-one patients with hepatitis C virus infection were followed for a median of 49 months to find the predictive value of eliminating viremia one month into treatment. The study subjects, who had elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and histologic evidence of chronic hepatitis, had been treated with a one-year course of interferon alfa ...
https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0501/p2248.html
HBV genotypesHBV genotypes
How well the antiviral worked in patients also determined who remained cancer-free. Of the 246 patients who failed to achieve low or undetectable viral loads as a result of treatment, 36 (18.8%) patients developed liver cancer over the five-year study.. The risk of cancer was increased overall by male gender, underlying cirrhosis and older age in the treated group. Curiously, having high viral loads (HBV DNA) at the start of treatment did not appear to increase liver cancer risk.. The key message for doctors is that liver cancer risk remains despite a dramatic reduction in viral load, researchers noted. …Patients on (antiviral) treatment that effectively suppressed viral replication are still at higher risk of liver cancer compared with patients with inactive stage chronic hepatitis B, they concluded in the study published in the March issue of the journal Gut.. Persistent liver damage before the start of antiviral treatment, evidenced by elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, may ...
https://www.hepb.org/blog/tag/hbv-genotypes/
Serodiagnostic Assay of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Using Viral Proteins Expressed in Escherichia coli<...Serodiagnostic Assay of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Using Viral Proteins Expressed in Escherichia coli<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Serodiagnostic Assay of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Using Viral Proteins Expressed in Escherichia coli. AU - Mori, Shigehisa. AU - Ohkoshi, Showgo. AU - Hijikata, Makoto. AU - Kato, Nobuyuki. AU - Shimotohno, Kunitada. PY - 1992/3. Y1 - 1992/3. N2 - Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) was analyzed by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay based on recombinant viral proteins encoded by regions of the putative viral core, NS3, NS4 and NS5, which were expressed in E.coli Results showed that 106 of 124 cases (85.5%) of non‐A, non‐B chronic hepatitis and 43 of 45 cases (95.5%) of hepatocellular carcinoma, negative for HBV marker, were positive for antibodies against at least one of these viral proteins. One of 87 healthy individuals with normal alanine aminotransferase activity was positive for antibody against only the viral core, but was negative for HCV RNA. The serum of one patient with chronic hepatitis was positive for one of these proteins, but negative for HCV RNA. ...
https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/serodiagnostic-assay-of-hepatitis-c-virus-infection-using-viral-p
Hexokinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activity in transplanted rat sarcomasHexokinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activity in transplanted rat sarcomas
Reference: Ilin V.S., Kovner F.Ia., Hexokinase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase activity in transplanted rat sarcomas, Voprosy meditsinskoi khimii, 1971, vol: 17(6), 644-649 ...
http://pbmc.ibmc.msk.ru/index.php/en/article/PBMC-1971-17-6-644-en
Fitness Watch: Prevalence of NAFLD Increasing Among American AdolescentsFitness Watch: Prevalence of NAFLD Increasing Among American Adolescents
Miriam Vos, MD, from Emory University and Childrens Healthcare in Atlanta, Georgia, and colleagues reviewed data on 10,359 adolescents 12 to 18 years of age from the National Health and Examination Survey, spanning 1988 to 2008. Suspected NAFLD was defined as a body mass index at least in the 85th percentile and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT; above 25.8 U/L for boys and above 22.1 U/L for girls). To allow for comparisons with earlier studies, they also analyzed the data based on ALT levels above 30.0 U/L ...
http://fitnesswatch.blogspot.com/2012/09/prevalence-of-nafld-increasing-among.html
SGPT - Laboratorium KlinikSGPT - Laboratorium Klinik
SGPT/Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (Alanine Transaminase /ALT) adalah enzim yang ditemukan terutama di sel-sel hati dan ginjal, dan dalam jumlah yang lebih kecil ditemukan di jantung dan otot ...
http://labparahita.com/diagnostic/sgpt/
WJPR | ABSTRACTWJPR | ABSTRACT
Lutful Haque Saran, Mohsina Mukti, Md. Reyad-Ul-Ferdous*, A. H. M. Mahmudur Rahman, Md. Mamun- Ur- Rashid, Naim Islam, Adnan Taher. ABSTRACT. Objective: In recent era diabetics becomes most pathological condition worldwide. Maximum populations in both develop and developing countries suffering from diabetic. There are several diseases associated with diabetics like as kidney, liver, heart diseases etc. Methods: In this study, retrospectively study conducted at BUSB. Then data were entered into computer and results were calculated with the help of Microsoft Excel. Results: In the study, it has been found that the percentage of female is found to be 53% with diabetes and the percentage of male is found to be 46%.The level of Serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) also called (Alanin Transaminase) is found to be relatively high amongst the diabetes patient who reflects that the liver problems are prominent amongst diabetes patients. The average value of alanine transaminase which is released ...
http://www.wjpr.net/dashboard/abstract_id/6731
What Are SGPT Levels? | Reference.comWhat Are SGPT Levels? | Reference.com
SGPT, or serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, is an enzyme that enters the blood when the heart or liver are damaged, according to MedicineNet. When a condition like hepatitis C causes damage to the...
https://www.reference.com/health/sgpt-levels-5e05c149d08c65ef
GastroHep News StoryGastroHep News Story
The investigators reported that of 5780 eligible persons aged 18 to 75 years, 3345 agreed to participate in the study.. The team defined subjects with suspected liver disease on the basis of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase and -glutamyl-transferase activity.. Suspected liver disease was also defined on the basis of hepatitis B surface antigen, or hepatitis C virus-RNA positivity.. The subjects were matched with randomly selected subjects of the same age and sex without suspected liver disease.. The investigators reported that 311 subjects with and 287 without suspected liver disease underwent clinical, laboratory, and anthropometrical evaluation.. Fatty liver was diagnosed by ultrasonography, and alcohol intake was assessed by using a 7-day diary.. The investigative team used multinomial logistic regression to detect risk factors for normal liver versus nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and vice versa.. The investigators found that the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was ...
http://www.gastrohep.com/news/news.asp?id=3553
ivd-test-reagent-kits-clinical-chemistry-enzyme-alanine-transferaseivd-test-reagent-kits-clinical-chemistry-enzyme-alanine-transferase
Definition : Clinical chemistry reagents intended to perform qualitative and/or quantitative chemical analyses of body fluids (typically serum) to determine the level of the enzyme alanine transferase (ALT), also known as alanine aminotransferase. ALT in serum is typically increased in liver diseases associated with hepatic necrosis, such as viral hepatitis and infectious mononucleosis with involvement of the liver.. Entry Terms : Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) Reagents , ALT (Alanine Transferase) Determination Reagents , Alanine Transferase (ALT) Determination Reagents , Alanine Transaminase Reagents , Alanine Amino-Transferase Determination Reagents , Alanine Aminotransferase Determination Reagents , Reagents, Clinical Chemistry, Enzyme, Alanine Transferase. UMDC code : 18872 ...
http://productguide.ophthalmologymanagement.com/term/4675/ivd-test-reagent-kits-clinical-chemistry-enzyme-alanine-transferase
Liver Cirrhosis and Complications | McGraw-Hills NAPLEX® Review Guide, 2e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill MedicalLiver Cirrhosis and Complications | McGraw-Hills NAPLEX® Review Guide, 2e | AccessPharmacy | McGraw-Hill Medical
Acute and chronic liver injuries increase serum concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Abnormal AST and ALT liver enzymes may signal liver damage. ALT elevation is more specific for liver damage because AST is present in the heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, and red blood cells. AST and ALT elevations greater than 10 times the normal limit are associated with acute hepatic injury (eg, toxic liver injury or acute viral hepatitis). Cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis also increase AST and ALT, but not to the same degree as acute injury. AST and ALT levels may be within the normal range in patients with cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. Elevations in alkaline phosphatase (alk phos) and γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) may accompany cholestatic liver disease (eg, drug-induced cholestasis, cholangitis). Alk phos and GGT are present in other tissues; therefore, they lack specificity for liver disease. Though also nonspecific for liver disease, ...
http://accesspharmacy.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=1432§ionid=86379670
Primate model of sepsis. (a) Lethal E. coli infusion al | Open-iPrimate model of sepsis. (a) Lethal E. coli infusion al | Open-i
Primate model of sepsis. (a) Lethal E. coli infusion alone. (b) Lethal E.coli plus Activated Protein C infusion. SGPT, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (indi
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3300084_cc1333-5&req=4
GFIT result for T00150GFIT result for T00150
alaA; glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase; glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT); alanine transaminase; K14260 alanine-synthesizing transaminase [EC:2.6.1.66 2.6.1.2] ...
http://www.kegg.jp/ssdb-bin/www_ssget?vvy:VV1114
GFIT result for T00034GFIT result for T00034
alaA; glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase; glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT); alanine transaminase; K14260 alanine-synthesizing transaminase [EC:2.6.1.66 2.6.1.2] ...
http://www.kegg.jp/ssdb-bin/www_ssget?vch:VC1977
What Is Alanine Aminotransferase And Which Blood Tests Check Alanine Aminotransferase Levels?What Is Alanine Aminotransferase And Which Blood Tests Check Alanine Aminotransferase Levels?
Everything you need to know about Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) and find out which of our blood tests check Alanine Aminotransferase levels.
https://www.forthwithlife.co.uk/biomarkers/alt/
ALT test | Medicine, science and moreALT test | Medicine, science and more
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT or GPT) test Liver Function Panel Colorimetric Technique General Concept 1) Names:- Formal name: Alanine Aminotransferase and abbreviated as (ALT) Also known as: Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase; SGPT; GPT; Alanine Transaminase. 2) What is the ALT? Read about it... Continue reading → ...
https://medicine-science-and-more.com/category/medicine/clinical-laboratory-tests/tests-starts-with-a/alt-test/
DiVA - Search resultDiVA - Search result
Purpose: It has been shown that liver fibrosis, and even cirrhosis, may be reversible in humans. For this reason there is a great need for the imminent introduction of non-invasive and clinically useful methods in order to monitor fibrosis in patients [1, 2]. A body of evidence points to the fact that MRE is a highly useful candidate towards this end [3]. However, before using such techniques more widely, it is important to verify that comparable physical measures are provided by alternative and clinically relevant MRE approaches. The aim of this pilot study was to compare 2D and 3D MRE, also known as MR Rheology, using a commercially available 2D system, with an acoustic transducer, and 3D MRE research system, with an electromagnetic transducer, with respect to liver stiffness and elasticity in patients with diffuse or suspected diffuse liver disease. Materials and Methods: Seven patients, referred to our hospital for evaluation of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or alkaline ...
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/resultList.jsf?af=%5B%5D&aq=%5B%5B%7B%22personId%22%3A%22authority-person%3A25988%22%7D%5D%5D&aqe=%5B%5D&aq2=%5B%5B%5D%5D&language=en&query=
Antibiotics Administration and its Possible Liver Damage | Bio-ResearchAntibiotics Administration and its Possible Liver Damage | Bio-Research
The effect of antibiotics on two liver enzymes - serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) also known as glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) - was studied in a population of adults in Nsukka, Enugu state Nigeria. Standard clinical methods were used for the assays. The results show statistically significant increase (p,0.05) in the levels of both enzymes (which are markers of hepatocellular integrity) in the subjects who took antibiotics when compared to those who did not consume antibiotics. There were no significant differences (p,0.05) between the means of both ALT and ALP for the different sexes. There were however, statistically significant differences (p,0.01) in the means of both ALT and ALP for the number of different antibiotics taken and the duration of antibiotics\ intake. A very strong positive correlation was seen between ALT and ALP (r = +0.767, p,0.001) and between each of the enzymes and the number of different antibiotics taken irrespective of ...
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/br/article/view/28665
alanine transaminase - oialanine transaminase - oi
abbr. (in clinical biochemistry): ALT; EC 2.6.1.2; systematic name: l‐alanine:2‐oxoglutarate aminotransferase; other names: glutamic‐pyruvic transaminase; glutamic‐alanine transaminase. An enzyme that catalyses the reversible reaction:. l‐alanine + 2‐oxoglutarate = pyruvate + l‐glutamate.. [...] ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095359442
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) (GPT) assay - Randox Online StoreAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT) (GPT) assay - Randox Online Store
The aminotransferases are a group of enzymes that catalyse the interconversions of amino acids and I-oxoacids by transfer of amino groups. The enzyme ALT (alanine aminotransferase or glutamate pyruvate transaminase) has been found to be in highest concentrations in the liver, with decreasing concentrations found in kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen and lung tissue respectively. ALT measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain liver diseases (e.g. viral hepatitis and cirrhosis) and heart diseases.. Elevated levels of the transaminases can indicate myocardial infarction, hepatic disease, muscular dystrophy and organ damage. Elevated levels of ALT in serum are rarely observed except in parenchymal liver disease, since ALT is a more liver specific enzyme.. The IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry) has now recommended standardized procedures for ALT determinations including ...
https://store.randox.com/product/al3801/?add-to-cart=2117
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) assay (Short Expiry Discount) - Randox Online StoreAlanine Aminotransferase (ALT) assay (Short Expiry Discount) - Randox Online Store
The aminotransferases are a group of enzymes that catalyse the interconversions of amino acids and ?-oxoacids by transfer of amino groups. The enzyme ALT (alanine aminotransferase or glutamate pyruvate transaminase) has been found to be in highest concentrations in the liver, with decreasing concentrations found in kidney, heart, skeletal muscle, pancreas, spleen and lung tissue respectively. ALT measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of certain liver diseases (e.g. viral hepatitis and cirrhosis) and heart diseases.. Elevated levels of the transaminases can indicate myocardial infarction, hepatic disease, muscular dystrophy and organ damage. Elevated levels of ALT in serum are rarely observed except in parenchymal liver disease, since ALT is a more liver specific enzyme.. The IFCC (International Federation of Clinical Chemistry) has now recommended standardized procedures for ALT determinations including ...
https://store.randox.com/product/alanine-aminotransferase-alt-assay-short-expiry-discount/
Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) | definition of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) by Medical dictionarySerum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) | definition of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) in the Medical Dictionary? serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) explanation free. What is serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT)? Meaning of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) medical term. What does serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/serum+glutamic-pyruvic+transaminase+
Glutamic pyruvic transaminase | definition of glutamic pyruvic transaminase by Medical dictionaryGlutamic pyruvic transaminase | definition of glutamic pyruvic transaminase by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of glutamic pyruvic transaminase in the Medical Dictionary? glutamic pyruvic transaminase explanation free. What is glutamic pyruvic transaminase? Meaning of glutamic pyruvic transaminase medical term. What does glutamic pyruvic transaminase mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/glutamic+pyruvic+transaminase
Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase - definition of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase by The Free DictionaryGlutamic oxaloacetic transaminase - definition of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase by The Free Dictionary
Define glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase synonyms, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase pronunciation, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase translation, English dictionary definition of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. Noun 1. glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase - an enzyme involved in transamination glutamic oxalacetic transaminase aminopherase, aminotransferase,...
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/glutamic+oxaloacetic+transaminase
Characterization of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels during pegylated-interferon α-2b plus ribavirin treatment for...Characterization of elevated alanine aminotransferase levels during pegylated-interferon α-2b plus ribavirin treatment for...
Aim: Elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels during pegylated-interferon (peg-IFN) plus ribavirin therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C [CHC] is a problem that cannot be disregarded. The aim of this study is to assess the frequency and to characterize clinical parameters of this phenomenon.. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-five (235) CHC patients with genotype 1b receiving peg-IFN α-2b plus ribavirin therapy were analyzed. Clinical parameters that may be associated with abnormal ALT values during treatment and therapy outcomes were evaluated statistically. One hundred and sixteen (116) patients treated with peg-IFN α-2a plus ribavirin were also included for partial analysis.. Results: Abnormal ALT values during treatment were observed in 23.0% of patients. It was observed in 14.5% of those with sustained virological response (SVR) and 17.8% of those with relapse, in whom viral clearance was observed during therapy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1872-034X.2010.00749.x/abstract?globalMessage=0
Glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in the pineal gland of the albino rat during the estrous cycle |...Glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in the pineal gland of the albino rat during the estrous cycle |...
AV Fasano, BA Kasprow, JT Velardo. Glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in the pineal gland of the albino rat during the estrous cycle. J Am Osteopath Assoc 1972;72(2):185. doi: .. Download citation file:. ...
http://jaoa.org/article.aspx?articleid=2096811
GastroHep News StoryGastroHep News Story
The team evaluated 85 patients who had a sleep study followed by a liver biopsy performed at the time of obesity surgery.. The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea was based on an apnea hypopnea index of 15 or more.. Demographic and laboratory data were collected retrospectively.. Liver biopsies were systematically evaluated for features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease including degree of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis.. The researchers found all but 1 patient had histologic evidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and 51% of the study population had obstructive sleep apnea.. A higher proportion of patients with obstructive sleep apnea had elevated alanine aminotransferase levels compared with those without obstructive sleep apnea.. The team noted that only 19% of subjects had fibrosis on liver biopsy, and 5% had bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis.. There was a trend toward a higher prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with evidence of progressive liver disease.. The ...
https://www.gastrohep.com/news/news.asp?id=105322
A large-scale, multicentre, double-blind trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis C | GutA large-scale, multicentre, double-blind trial of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with chronic hepatitis C | Gut
Background: Combined pegylated interferon and ribavirin has improved chronic hepatitis C (CH-C) therapy, however sustained virologic response is achieved in about half of patients with a 1b genotype infection. We assessed oral ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on serum biomarkers as a possible treatment for interferon nonresponders.. Methods: CH-C patients with elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were assigned randomly to 150 (n = 199), 600 (n = 200), or 900 mg/day (n = 197) UDCA intake for 24 weeks. Changes in ALT, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) were assessed. This study is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT00200343.. Results: ALT, AST, and GGT decreased at week 4 then remained constant during drug administration. The median changes (respectively 150, 600, and 900 mg/day) were: ALT, -15.3, -29.2, and -36.2%; AST, -13.6, -25.0, and -29.8%; GGT, -22.4, -41.0, and -50.0%. These biomarkers decreased significantly less in the 150 mg/day than in the other ...
http://gut.bmj.com/content/early/2007/08/30/gut.2007.120956
Refreshing News: Dengue fever: Symptoms, medication and preventionRefreshing News: Dengue fever: Symptoms, medication and prevention
Recently there have been news stories on a dengue strain that affects the liver. This condition is also called dengue hepatitis. It leads to severe organ malfunction and in some cases even organ failure. In the case of dengue hepatitis, fever lasts longer, often for more than a week, and leaves the patient extremely exhausted. An indication of this condition, according to experts is the sudden rise in SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase) and SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase) levels, sometime almost 20 times higher than the normal level. Dengue hepatitis is characterized by high fever, lasting more than a week, extreme weakness. The blood tests show an increase in SGPT and SGOT levels, a drop in platelet count and WBCs ...
http://refreshingnews99.blogspot.in/2012/11/dengue-fever-symptoms-medication-and.html
The AST/ALT ratio as an indicator of cirrhosis in patients with PBCThe AST/ALT ratio as an indicator of cirrhosis in patients with PBC
Objectives: A non-invasive, simple and non-expensive test to predict cirrhosis would be highly desirable. The aspartate aminotransferase/ alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio has been proven to be such an indicator of cirrhosis in alcoholic liver disease, hepatitis C. Aim: To test whether the AST/ALT ratio is a marker of cirrhosis also in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Methods: The study consisted of 160 patients. In 126 patients, we had clinical and laboratory data at the time of diagnosis and follow-up with outcome: liver-related death, liver transplantation and survival. In 121 patients, we had laboratory data and liver histology. Results: We found that the AST/ALT ratio was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in non-cirrhotic patients. A high AST/ALT ratio was significantly associated with esophageal varices and ascites. In a multivariate analysis, bilirubin and ALP were predictors of poor prognosis. Conclusion: The AST/ALT ratio seems to be of clinical value ...
http://liu.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2:255832
Assessing risk of liver enzyme elevation in patients with immune-mediated diseases and different hepatitis B virus serostatus...Assessing risk of liver enzyme elevation in patients with immune-mediated diseases and different hepatitis B virus serostatus...
Liver enzyme elevation is an important and common adverse effect among patients with immune-mediated diseases who receive tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (anti-TNF), and has various causes. Hence, we evaluated the relative risks of developing liver enzyme elevation in anti-TNF users with differing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection status. At a hospital in central Taiwan, 407 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, or psoriasis/psoriatic arthritis received anti-TNF therapy between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2012. We performed a nested case-control study (n = 368) of cases with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) | 40 international units/L ≤ 12 months after starting anti-TNF therapy, and corresponding controls without liver enzyme elevation. Conditional logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between liver enzyme elevation and HBV serostatus, as well as other risk factors. Thirty cases were compared to 338 controls. After adjustment for potential confounders, HBV
https://arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13075-017-1413-y/tables/3
Long-Term Therapy with Adefovir Dipivoxil for HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis BLong-Term Therapy with Adefovir Dipivoxil for HBeAg-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B
Median reductions in serum alanine aminotransferase levels at week 96 were 59 IU per liter in the continued-adefovir group, as compared with 29.5 IU per liter in the adefovir-placebo group (P=0.01), and 79.5 IU per liter in the placebo-adefovir group (Table 2). At week 96, a return to normal levels of alanine aminotransferase (upper limit of normal, 37 IU per liter for women and 43 IU per liter for men) was achieved in 73 percent of patients in the continued-adefovir group, 80 percent in the placebo-adefovir group, and 32 percent in the adefovir-placebo group. Patients in the continued-adefovir group had sustained suppression of alanine aminotransferase throughout the study. In contrast, alanine aminotransferase levels returned to pretreatment values or higher in the majority of patients in the adefovir-placebo group within eight weeks of stopping therapy. In 32.5 percent of patients, alanine aminotransferase levels rose sharply - to more than 10 times the upper limit of normal - before ...
http://www.natap.org/2005/HBV/063005_01.htm
Aspartate transaminase - WikipediaAspartate transaminase - Wikipedia
Aspartate transaminase (AST) or aspartate aminotransferase, also known as AspAT/ASAT/AAT or serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.1) that was first described by Arthur Karmen and colleagues in 1954. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an α-amino group between aspartate and glutamate and, as such, is an important enzyme in amino acid metabolism. AST is found in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle, kidneys, brain, and red blood cells. Serum AST level, serum ALT (alanine transaminase) level, and their ratio (AST/ALT ratio) are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. The tests are part of blood panels. Aspartate transaminase catalyzes the interconversion of aspartate and α-ketoglutarate to oxaloacetate and glutamate. Aspartate (Asp) + α-ketoglutarate ↔ oxaloacetate + glutamate (Glu) As a prototypical transaminase, AST relies on PLP (Vitamin B6) as a cofactor to transfer the amino group from ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspartate_transaminase
Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (rs4680: Val158Met) polymorphism and serum alanine aminotransferase...Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (rs4680: Val158Met) polymorphism and serum alanine aminotransferase...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Association between the catechol-O-methyltransferase (rs4680. T2 - Val158Met) polymorphism and serum alanine aminotransferase activity. AU - Hiyoshi, Mineyoshi. AU - Uemura, Hirokazu. AU - Arisawa, Kokichi. AU - Nakamoto, Mariko. AU - Hishida, Asahi. AU - Okada, Rieko. AU - Matsuo, Keitaro. AU - Kita, Yoshikuni. AU - Niimura, Hideshi. AU - Kuriyama, Nagato. AU - Nanri, Hinako. AU - Ohnaka, Keizo. AU - Suzuki, Sadao. AU - Mikami, Haruo. AU - Kubo, Michiaki. AU - Tanaka, Hideo. AU - Hamajima, Nobuyuki. N1 - Funding Information: This study was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas of Cancer (No. 17015018 ) and on Innovative Areas (No. 221S0001 ) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology . PY - 2012/4/1. Y1 - 2012/4/1. N2 - In our previous proteomic study in rat liver damaged by carbon tetrachloride, soluble catechol- O-methyltransferase (COMT) increased as a phosphorylated form and decreased as a ...
https://pure.fujita-hu.ac.jp/en/publications/association-between-the-catechol-o-methyltransferase-rs4680-val15
Hepatic transaminase activity in alocholic liver disease.Hepatic transaminase activity in alocholic liver disease.
Abstract Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity were measured in precutaneous needle biopsy specimens of human liver tissue and co..
https://www.omicsonline.org/references/hepatic-transaminase-activity-in-alocholic-liver-disease-1435932.html
Author Details | Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran KeluargaAuthor Details | Saintika Medika : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan dan Kedokteran Keluarga
PENGARUH AKAR PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma Longifolia) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR SERUM GLUTAMIC OXSALOASETIC TRANSAMINASE (SGOT) DAN SERUM GLUTAMIC PYRUVIC TRANSAMINASE (SGPT) PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus novergicus) YANG DIINDUKSI KARBON ...
https://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/sainmed/search/authors/view?firstName=Febri&middleName=&lastName=Endra%20Budi%20Setyawan&affiliation=&country=ID
Effects of sub-acute exposure to magnetic field on blood hematological and biochemical parameters in female rats [Turk J...Effects of sub-acute exposure to magnetic field on blood hematological and biochemical parameters in female rats [Turk J...
The present work was undertaken in order to investigate the effects of magnetic field (MF) on hematopoiesis and fuel metabolites in female rats. At thermoneutrality (25 C), the exposition of rats 1 hour/day for 10 consecutive days to a MF of 128 mT (m Tesla) induced an increase in hematocrit and hemoglobin compared to controls. Exposure to MF also induced an increase in blood glucose levels but had no effect on triglyceride concentrations. Moreover, serum alanine aminotransferase activity remained unchanged in treated rats, while aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased by about 22% and 33%, respectively, following MF exposure. It was concluded that sub-acute exposure to MF induced elevations in hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma fuel metabolites and tissue enzymes release within the blood. Key words: Magnetic field, hematology, glucose, triglycerides, plasma enzymes, rat.. Keywords: Magnetic field, glucose, triglycerides, plasma ...
http://www.tjh.com.tr/jvi.aspx?pdir=tjh&plng=eng&un=TJH-02651&look4=
Chemistry News Articles: New substance may allow successful transplantation of marginal liversChemistry News Articles: New substance may allow successful transplantation of marginal livers
Cholestasis is a significant risk factor for immediate hepatic failure due to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury in patients undergoing liver surgery or transplantation. We recently demonstrated that inhibition of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling with cyclopamine (CYA) before I/R prevents liver injury. In this study we hypothesized that Hh signaling may modulate I/R injury in cholestatic rat liver. Cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Seven days after BDL, rats were exposed to either CYA or vehicle for 7 days daily before being subjected to 30 min of ischemia and 4 h of reperfusion. Expression of Hh ligands (Sonic Hedgehog, Patched-1 and Glioblastoma-1), assessment of liver injury, neutrophil infiltration, cytokines, lipid peroxidation, cell proliferation and apoptosis were determined. Significant upregulation of Hh ligands was seen in vehicle treated BDL rats. I/R injury superimposed on these animals resulted in markedly elevated serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase ...
http://chemistrynewsarticles.blogspot.com/2011/06/new-substance-may-allow-successful.html
Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on Body Weight and Alanine Aminotransferase Activity in Wistar Rats | International...Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on Body Weight and Alanine Aminotransferase Activity in Wistar Rats | International...
Methods: MSG (3g/satchet containing 99% MSG) was obtained from a Grocery Store at New Market, Aba in Abia State, Nigeria. Forty Wistar rats were used for this study. Fifteen of the rats were used for acute toxicity test (LD50) and twenty-five for the experiment. The 25 Wistar rats were divided into five groups of 5 rats each. Animals in groups A, B, C, and D were respectively administered 500 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 1,250 mg/kg of MSG thoroughly mixed with standard feed for eight weeks. Animals in group E received equal amount of feeds without MSG added. This group served as the control group. At the end of 8 weeks, animals were fasted overnight and anaesthetized using diethyl ether. Blood samples were collected by cardiac puncture and ALT activity was determined using standard method. ...
https://journalirjgh.com/index.php/IRJGH/article/view/30100
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques<...Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) detection techniques. AU - Huang, Xing Jiu. AU - Choi, Yang Kyu. AU - Im, Hyung Soon. AU - Yarimaga, Oktay. AU - Yoon, Euisik. AU - Kim, Hak Sung. PY - 2006/1/1. Y1 - 2006/1/1. N2 - The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/GPT) in serum can help people diagnose body tissues especially the heart and the liver are injured or not. This article provides a comprehensive review of research activities that concentrate on AST/GOT and ALT/GPT detection techniques due to their clinical importance. The detection techniques include colorimetric, spectrophotometric, chemiluminescence, chromatography, fluorescence and UV absorbance, radiochemical, and electrochemical techniques. We devote the most attention on experimental principle. In some methods a few representative devices and important conclusions are presented.. AB - The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST/GOT) ...
https://yonsei.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/aspartate-aminotransferase-astgot-and-alanine-aminotransferase-al
HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BELLAMYA JAVANICA: ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE, ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE, AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE...HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BELLAMYA JAVANICA: ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE, ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE, AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE...
Saputri, F. C., Astari, C., Janatry, D. A., ., A., & Kusmana, D. (2018). HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF BELLAMYA JAVANICA: ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE, ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE, AND ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY, AND LIVER HISTOPATHOLOGY IN MICE INDUCED WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 10(1), 203-207. https://doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018. ...
https://innovareacademics.in/journals/index.php/ijap/article/view/31488
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - American Family PhysicianNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - American Family Physician
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common condition associated with metabolic syndrome. It is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in U.S. adults, and is diagnosed after ruling out other causes of steatosis (fatty infiltration of liver), particularly infectious hepatitis and alcohol abuse. Liver biopsy may be considered if greater diagnostic and prognostic certainty is desired, particularly in patients with diabetes, patients who are morbidly obese, and in patients with an aspartate transaminase to alanine transaminase ratio greater than one, because these patients are at risk of having more advanced disease. Weight loss is the primary treatment for obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Medications used to treat insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and obesity have been shown to improve transaminase levels, steatosis, and histologic findings. However, no treatments have been shown to affect patient-oriented outcomes.
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0601/p1961.html
GG supplementation did not influence physique weight. Nevertheless, elevated ALT concentration | emailexporter.comGG supplementation did not influence physique weight. Nevertheless, elevated ALT concentration | emailexporter.com
GG supplementation did not influence body weight. Nonetheless, elevated ALT concentration in plasma was almost normalized by LGG in high-fructose fed mice.
http://www.emailexporter.com/2017/06/28/gg_supplementation_did_not_influence_physique_weight_nevertheless_elevated_alt_concentration/
Biosensors | Free Full-Text | Determination of Alanine Aminotransferase with an Electrochemical Nano Ir-C Biosensor for the...Biosensors | Free Full-Text | Determination of Alanine Aminotransferase with an Electrochemical Nano Ir-C Biosensor for the...
Alanine aminotransaminase (ALT), is an enzyme that normally resides in serum and body tissues, especially in the liver. It is released into the serum as a result of tissue injury; hence the concentration of ALT in the serum may be increased with acute damage to hepatic cells. A single use, disposable biosensor, comprising iridium nano-particle as catalyst dispersed on carbon paste, has been developed for the determination of ALT concentration. The biosensor is based on quantifying H2O2 concentration produced by a serial of ALT enzymatic reactions. It operates well at room temperature in different physiological fluids: phosphate buffer, calf serum and human serum for ALT concentration of 0-544 ng/mL. Experimental results in human serum are compared to those obtained by spectrophotometric assays with excellent agreement. Therefore, the Ir/C biosensor shows good relationship on the dilution of concentrated ALT clinical applications.
http://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/1/3/107/htm
Re-evaluation of the Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Upper Normal Limit in Chronic Hepatitis C PatientsRe-evaluation of the Serum Alanine Aminotransferase Upper Normal Limit in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients
Results The distribution of AST and ALT showed normal distribution. Overall, AST levels were19.7±3 IU/L and ALT levels were 13.8±3.1 IU/L in all patients, AST levels were 19.8±3 IU/L and 12.9±2.9 IU/L and ALT levels were 14.4±3.2 IU/L and 9.9±3.5 IU/L in male and female patients, respectively. AST level was the highest in the 6th decade and ALT level was in the 5th decade ...
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/internalmedicine/49/6/49_6_525/_article
Effects of Long-term Cyanide Ingestion by Pigs | Semantic ScholarEffects of Long-term Cyanide Ingestion by Pigs | Semantic Scholar
The results showed a significant alteration in thiocyanate, creatinine and urea levels and in alanine aminotransferase activity of swine dosed with 4.0 and 6.0 mg/kg/KCN, indicating that long-term administration of KCN to swine affects several tissues and could adversely affect animal production. Animal performance and health status are adversely affected by long-term cyanide ingestion; however, the effects of cyanide ingestion by pigs have not been fully determined. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of prolonged exposure to different doses of potassium cyanide (KCN) in growing-finishing swine. Twenty-four pigs, 45 days of age, were divided into four equal groups and treated with different doses of KCN: 0, 2.0, 4.0 or 6.0 mg per kg body weight per day for 70 consecutive days. The results showed a significant alteration in thiocyanate, creatinine and urea levels and in alanine aminotransferase activity of swine dosed with 4.0 and 6.0 mg/kg/KCN. Thyroid weight was significantly
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Effects-of-Long-term-Cyanide-Ingestion-by-Pigs-Manzano-Sousa/af4152e78758c6963ce335379a8a9afb0baa999a
Faculty of Animal SciencesFaculty of Animal Sciences
The study aimed to compare using Noni juice and Palm sugar on Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetat Transaminase (SGOT) and Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) levels. Research involved 100 broiler chickens by using a Completely Randomized Design. Treatments were: ration without Palm Sugar (R0) and 3 rations which contained Noni juice and Palm Sugar at different levels, which were R1 (Palm Sugar 2% + Noni Juice 0.3%;), R2 (Palm Sugar 3% + Noni Juice 0.3%), and R3 Palm Sugar 4% + Noni Juice 0.3%), each treatment was repeated 5 times, reared up to 4 weeks of age. Water were given ad libitum to all group. After four weeks, each group was observed level SGOT and SGPT. Result showed no significant difference using 3% NJ and 0.3% PS (R3) on SGPT level (p>0.05), but tend to decrease until 25.94% (from 234,67 U/L to 186.33, U/L), compare to control, and R1 dan R2 gaves the same respons with control. On the other hand, there were no significant (p>0.05) difference found at all treatment on SGOT level, so the ...
http://www.uaiasi.ro/zootehnie/en/journal/vol-62/Adriani_Lovita.html
IMPACT OF BASELINE ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVELS ON THE SAFETY AND E by Owen Tsang, Indira Brar et al.IMPACT OF BASELINE ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVELS ON THE SAFETY AND E by Owen Tsang, Indira Brar et al.
Background: Several studies have reported hepatic impairment, in particular abnormal liver function tests in patients with mild to severe COVID-19. Remdesivir (RDV), a nucleotide analogue prodrug that inhibits viral RNA polymerases, has demonstrated favorable clinical efficacy and tolerability in moderate and severe COVID-19 patients. Here, we examined the safety and clinical outcomes in moderate COVID-19 patients with or without elevated baseline (BL) alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels after RDV treatment. Methods: We conducted an open-label, phase 3 trial of hospitalized patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, oxygen saturation of |94% on room air, and radiological evidence of pneumonia. We randomized participants 1:1:1 to receive 5d or 10d of intravenous RDV once daily plus standard of care (SoC), or SoC only. Patients with ALT or AST| 5x the upper limit of normal (ULN) were excluded. Within this posthoc analysis, we grouped patient using AASLD criteria (ALT 35 U/L for males, 25 U/L for
https://scholarlycommons.henryford.com/infectiousdiseases_mtgabstracts/18/
Elevated Liver Enzyme Levels? HELP - Herpes - MedHelpElevated Liver Enzyme Levels? HELP - Herpes - MedHelp
Could it be possible that HSV could result in elevated liver enzyme levels??? Or does it cause levels to be elevated? I just got some blood test results back and it seems Ive got elevated liver enzy...
https://www.medhelp.org/posts/Herpes/Elevated-Liver-Enzyme-Levels-HELP/show/466005
Clinical Trial: NCT01664910 - My Cancer GenomeClinical Trial: NCT01664910 - My Cancer Genome
Inclusion Criteria: - Patients with B-cell hematological malignancies who are eligible for allogeneic transplantation - Patients must have a fully-matched sibling donor or a matched unrelated donor identified - Performance score of at least 80% by Karnofsky or 0 to 2 Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) - Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) ,= 45% with no uncontrolled arrhythmias or symptomatic heart disease - Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ,= 50% - Forced vital capacity (FVC) ,= 50% - Corrected diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) ,= 50% - Serum creatinine , 1.6 mg/dL - Serum bilirubin , 2 mg/dL upper limit of normal (unless due to Gilberts disease; patient with this disease should have a right upper quadrant ultrasound evaluation before treatment) - Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) , 2 x upper limit of normal - Men and women of reproductive potential must agree to follow accepted birth control methods (i.e., a hormonal contraceptive, ...
https://www.mycancergenome.org/content/clinical_trials/NCT01664910/
HCV New Drugs: Ongoing liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis C and sustained virological responseHCV New Drugs: Ongoing liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis C and sustained virological response
Our study is the first clinical characterization of post-SVR aminotransferase elevation with an unexpected high prevalence that affect approximately one third of all patients upon viral eradication. Since CHC is both a virologic and fibrotic disease [20-21], the high prevalence of ongoing liver inflammation likely impact the future course of disease, cirrhosis progression and cancer development in thousands of patients with so far unrecognized burden to public health worldwide. Baseline factors that were (i) significantly associated and (ii) strongly correlated with ongoing elevation of ALT levels after SVR were male gender, the use of IFN in antiviral treatment regimens, and markers of advanced liver disease or steatosis. We observed body weight as significant baseline predictor that justify clinical concerns as high body weight might favor the development or worsening of pre-existing fatty liver disease or steatohepatitis (NASH) upon successful antiviral treatment. Due to the enormous ...
http://hepatitiscnewdrugs.blogspot.com/2017/02/ongoing-liver-inflammation-in-patients.html
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - ALT value at 98 for six months?Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - ALT value at 98 for six months?
1 Answer - Posted in: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver, disease - Answer: The elevated ALT (almost twice normal maximum) indicates current ...
https://www.drugs.com/answers/nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-alt-value-98-3101309.html
Fatty Liver Disease Symptoms - Fatty-Liver.comFatty Liver Disease Symptoms - Fatty-Liver.com
You might ask, if there are no noticeable symptoms to fatty liver, how can one even know you have it? There is no simple answer to this question.. However, there is something anyone can do just to make sure to diagnose it when it happens, and that is to routinely take a blood test about every 6-12 month. A routine blood test is highly recommend for anyone, as its the best modern way to diagnose many diseases, especially at their early stage, and fatty liver is no stranger here.. If you do have a fatty liver, you will probably have an elevated ALT levels in your blood test results, which will eventually lead to a proper fatty liver diagnosis.. ...
https://fatty-liver.com/symptoms/
Rat Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Induced Proinflammatory Mediator and Antioxidant Expressions Analyzed by Gene Chips and Real...Rat Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Induced Proinflammatory Mediator and Antioxidant Expressions Analyzed by Gene Chips and Real...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Rat Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Induced Proinflammatory Mediator and Antioxidant Expressions Analyzed by Gene Chips and Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reactions. AU - Hsu, Y. C.. AU - Chou, T. Y.. AU - Chen, C. F.. AU - Wang, D.. AU - Su, C. L.. AU - Hu, R. T.. PY - 2008/9. Y1 - 2008/9. N2 - Objective: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of the rat liver induces injury; however, few studies have investigated gene expressions associated with this phenomenon. In this study, gene chip and real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were used to study the expressions of the proinflammatory mediators and antioxidants after I/R. Materials and Methods: Ischemia was induced by clamping the common hepatic artery and portal vein for 40 minutes followed by 90 minutes reperfusion. Blood samples collected before ischemia and after reperfusion were analyzed for alanine amino transferase, lactic dehydrogenase, hydroxyl radicals, nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). Expressions of TNFα, ...
https://tmu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/rat-liver-ischemiareperfusion-induced-proinflammatory-mediator-an
New Hepatitis B Treatment Guidelines | gutsandgrowthNew Hepatitis B Treatment Guidelines | gutsandgrowth
Link to full article: Updated Hepatitis B Treatment Guidelines from AASLD With regard to pediatrics: 9A. The AASLD suggests antiviral therapy in HBeAg-positive children (ages 2 to |18 years) with both elevated ALT and measurable HBV DNA levels, with the goal of achieving sustained HBeAg seroconversion. Most studies required ALT elevation (|1.3 times ULN) for…
https://gutsandgrowth.com/2015/12/14/new-hepatitis-b-treatment-guidelines/
PDF] Intravenous N-acetylcystine: the treatment of choice for paracetamol poisoning. | Semantic ScholarPDF] Intravenous N-acetylcystine: the treatment of choice for paracetamol poisoning. | Semantic Scholar
One hundred cases of severe paracetamol poisoning were treated with intravenous N-acetylcysteine (acetyl-cysteine). There was virtually complete protection against liver damage in 40 patients treated within eight hours after ingestion (mean maximum serum alanine transaminase activity 27 IU/1). Only one out of 62 patients treated within 10 hours developed severe liver damage compared with 33 out of 57 patients (58%) studied retrospectively who received supportive treatment alone. Early treatment and acetylcysteine also prevented renal impairment and death. The critical ingestion-treatment interval for complete protection against severe liver damage was eight hours. Efficacy diminished progressively thereafter, and treatment after 15 hours was completely ineffective. Intravenous acetylcysteine was more effective than cysteamine and methionine and noticeably free of adverse effects. It is the treatment of choice for paracetamol poisoning.
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Intravenous-N-acetylcystine%3A-the-treatment-of-for-Prescott-Illingworth/7b93d1e3167e31facb091adcf05df3a3143b4541
RheumaKnowledgy » Autoimmune HepatitisRheumaKnowledgy » Autoimmune Hepatitis
ICD-10 code: K75.4. Definition: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated liver disorder of unknown etiology characterised by hepatocellular inflammation, tranaminitis and distinctive autoantibodies.. Pathology: Liver biopsy should be obtained early to establish histologic severity and guide therapy. Characteristic histology includes a lymphoplasmacytic periportal infiltration. lobular inflammation, granulomas and eosinophils. With chronicity portal inflammation may undergo piecemeal necrosis interface hepatitis or fibrosis.. Demographics: AIH is rare with an incidence rate of 1-2 per 100,000 per year and a prevalence of 10-20/100,000.. Cardinal Features: AIH more commonly affects women (70%) than men (30%), usually under the age 40 yrs. More than 1/3 will be asymptomatic and only exhibit transaminitis. Up to 1/3 will have an acute onset of fever, abdominal pain, jaundice, hepatomegaly and moderate to severe AST and ALT elevations with normal or slight increases in alkaline ...
http://www.rheumaknowledgy.com/autoimmune-hepatitis/
Buy Merofex (Omeprazole) OnlineBuy Merofex (Omeprazole) Online
Buy Merofex Online! Merofex and esMerofex are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and potent inhibitor of gastric acidity which are widely used in the therapy of gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer disease. Merofex and esMerofex therapy are both associated with a low rate of transient and asymptomatic serum aminotransferase elevations and are rare causes of clinically apparent liver injury.
http://saladgaffe.cf/merofex.html
Buy Ortanol (Omeprazole) OnlineBuy Ortanol (Omeprazole) Online
Buy Ortanol Online! Ortanol and esOrtanol are proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and potent inhibitor of gastric acidity which are widely used in the therapy of gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer disease. Ortanol and esOrtanol therapy are both associated with a low rate of transient and asymptomatic serum aminotransferase elevations and are rare causes of clinically apparent liver injury.
http://saladgaffe.cf/ortanol.html
Lactate dehydrogenaseLactate dehydrogenase
from alanine (Alanine cycle):. *Alanine transaminase. from glycerol:. *Glycerol kinase. *Glycerol dehydrogenase ... Alanine and lactate are major gluconeogenic precursors that enter gluconeogenesis as pyruvate. The high NADH/NAD+ ratio shifts ... The noticeable difference between the two subunits that make up LDH's tertiary structure is the replacement of alanine (in the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_dehydrogenase
Glucose 6-phosphataseGlucose 6-phosphatase
from alanine (Alanine cycle):. *Alanine transaminase. from glycerol:. *Glycerol kinase. *Glycerol dehydrogenase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_6-phosphatase
Glutamine synthetaseGlutamine synthetase
Alanine, glycine, and serine bind to the glutamate substrate site. GDP, AMP, ADP bind to the ATP site.[6] L-serine, L-alanine, ... "Feedback inhibition of fully unadenylylated glutamine synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium by glycine, alanine, and serine" ... Other inhibitors/regulators are glycine and alanine. ... alanine→. *Alanine transaminase. cysteine→. *D-cysteine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine_synthetase
KynureninaseKynureninase
... alanines. Humans express one kynureninase enzyme that is encoded by the KYNU gene located on chromosome 2.[6][7] ... Aspartate transaminase. *Glutamate dehydrogenase. *Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. urea cycle. *Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kynureninase
Glycine cleavage systemGlycine cleavage system
alanine→. *Alanine transaminase. cysteine→. *D-cysteine desulfhydrase. threonine→. *L-threonine dehydrogenase. G→glutamate→. α- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine_cleavage_system
PFKFB2PFKFB2
from alanine (Alanine cycle):. *Alanine transaminase. from glycerol:. *Glycerol kinase. *Glycerol dehydrogenase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PFKFB2
Cori cycleCori cycle
from alanine (Alanine cycle):. *Alanine transaminase. from glycerol:. *Glycerol kinase. *Glycerol dehydrogenase ... pyruvate and alanine, lead to excess lactate.[9] Normally, the excess lactate would be cleared by the kidneys, but in patients ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cori_cycle
Amino acid synthesisAmino acid synthesis
... undergoes transamination catalyzed either by an alanine-valine transaminase or a glutamate-valine transaminase. Valine ... Alanine[edit]. Alanine is produced by the transamination of one molecule of pyruvate using two alternate steps: 1) conversion ... Pyruvate: alanine, valine, and leucine[edit]. Pyruvate, the end result of glycolysis, can feed into both the TCA cycle and ... Alanine and aspartate are synthesized by the transamination of pyruvate and oxaloacetate, respectively. Glutamine is ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_synthesis
Creatine kinaseCreatine kinase
Aspartate transaminase. *Glutamate dehydrogenase. *Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. urea cycle. *Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creatine_kinase
L-DOPAL-DOPA
alanine→. *Alanine transaminase. cysteine→. *D-cysteine desulfhydrase. threonine→. *L-threonine dehydrogenase. G→glutamate→. α- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L-dopa
Pyruvic acidPyruvic acid
Transamination by alanine transaminase produces alanine. Reduction by lactate dehydrogenase produces lactate. Pyruvate is sold ... It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation. ... to the amino acid alanine, and to ethanol. Therefore, it unites several key metabolic processes. In glycolysis, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvic_acid
Bonny Light oilBonny Light oil
aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) concentrations rose too. Fishes which are exposed to crude oil get ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonny_Light_oil
CefovecinCefovecin
Mildly increased serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase may also occur. Other reported events in dogs ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cefovecin
RibociclibRibociclib
16%). The drug also increases the QT interval and liver enzymes (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase). As ribociclib ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribociclib
Dicarboxylic aminoaciduriaDicarboxylic aminoaciduria
Below is an example of how glutamate is used to synthesize alanine via alanine transaminase. Glutamate + pyruvate ⇌ α- ... ketoglutarate + Alanine Another example is the conversion of aspartate to glutamate via the enzyme aspartate transaminase. ... In the case of dicarboxylic aminoaciduria, where glutamate and aspartate transport are impaired, the alanine, aspartate and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicarboxylic_aminoaciduria
GrazoprevirGrazoprevir
The most important risks are alanine transaminase elevation, hyperbilirubinemia, drug resistance development and drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grazoprevir
Liver diseaseLiver disease
serum proteins, serum albumin, serum globulin, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, prothrombin time, partial ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liver_disease
PhenelzinePhenelzine
... of which are alanine transaminase (ALA-T), and γ-Aminobutyric acid transaminase (GABA-T), the latter of which is not caused by ... "Effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine on alanine and alanine transaminase in rat brain". Cellular and ... Transaminases such as GABA-transaminase have been shown to be dependent upon vitamin B6 and may be involved in a potentially ... phenelzine causes an increase in the alanine and GABA levels in the brain and body. GABA is the major inhibitory ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenelzine
Primary hyperoxaluriaPrimary hyperoxaluria
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) is used for primary hyperoxaluria type1 as alanine glyoxylate transaminase require pyridoxine as ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primary_hyperoxaluria
Hepatic artery thrombosisHepatic artery thrombosis
... alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Often the AST is greater than the ALT. Hepatic artery thrombosis ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatic_artery_thrombosis
RuxolitinibRuxolitinib
Laboratory abnormalities have included alanine transaminase (ALT) abnormalities, aspartate transaminase (AST) abnormalities, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruxolitinib
EntecavirEntecavir
Laboratory tests may show an increase in alanine transaminase (ALT), hematuria, glycosuria, and an increase in lipase. Periodic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entecavir
PirfenidonePirfenidone
... can increase hepatic enzyme levels, especially those of aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and gamma- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirfenidone
Wilsons diseaseWilson's disease
Most have slightly abnormal liver function tests such as a raised aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and bilirubin ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilson's_disease
TocilizumabTocilizumab
The enzyme alanine transaminase was also elevated in at least 5% of patients, but in most cases without symptoms. Elevated ... medications used in the treatments during the study were found to be associated with peak hospitalization liver transaminase ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tocilizumab
TBC1D10ATBC1D10A
... alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000099992 - Ensembl, May 2017 GRCm38: ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TBC1D10A
Alpha-Ketoglutaric acidAlpha-Ketoglutaric acid
The enzyme alanine transaminase converts α-ketoglutarate and L-alanine to L-glutamate and pyruvate, respectively, as a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-Ketoglutaric_acid
HELLP syndromeHELLP syndrome
Elevated serum levels of certain proteins, in particular, LDH, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), are ... an aspartate transaminase greater than 70 U/l, and platelets less than 100x109/l. If not all the criteria are present, the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HELLP_syndrome
ThioacetamideThioacetamide
... which include elevation in the levels of serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and aspartic acid. International ... Its administration in rat induces hepatic encephalopathy, metabolic acidosis, increased levels of transaminases, abnormal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thioacetamide
Beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminaseBeta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase
Other names in common use include beta-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase, and beta-alanine-alpha-alanine transaminase. This ... L-alanine + 3-oxopropanoate ⇌. {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }. pyruvate + beta-alanine. Thus, the two substrates of this ... In enzymology, a beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ... Stinson RA, Spencer MS (1969). "Beta alanine aminotransferase (s) from a plant source". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 34 (1): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-alanine—pyruvate_transaminase
Glutamate decarboxylaseGlutamate decarboxylase
Inhibitors: β-Alanine. *Bafilomycin A1. *Chicago sky blue 6B. *Evans blue. *GABA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GAD_antibodies
TelcagepantTelcagepant
... locations stated that telcagepant had preliminarily been reported to increase the hepatic liver enzyme alanine transaminase ( ... "identification of two patients with significant elevations in serum transaminases".[4] A memo to study ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telcagepant
Biyokimika, ang malayang ensiklopedyaBiyokimika, ang malayang ensiklopedya
Ang mga mamalya ay mayroong mga ensimas upang makagawa ng alanine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, ... Ang mga ensimang tinatawag na mga transaminasas (transaminases) ay madaling makapaglilipat ng grupong amino mula sa isang asido ... "alanine-glycine-tryptophan-serine-glutamate-asparagine-glycine-lysine-...". Ang sekundaryong estruktura ay nauukol sa lokal na ...
https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biyokimika
HepatotoxicityHepatotoxicity
An elevation in serum bilirubin level of more than 2 times ULN with associated transaminase rise is an ominous sign. This ... Biochemical markers (e.g. alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin) are often used to indicate liver damage. ... Arora N, Goldhaber SZ (2006). "Anticoagulants and transaminase elevation". Circulation. 113 (15): e698-702. doi:10.1161/ ... predominantly initial Alanine transferase elevation) and cholestatic (initial alkaline phosphatase rise) types. However they ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatotoxicity
Elbasvir/grazoprevirElbasvir/grazoprevir
The most important risks are Alanine transaminase elevation, hyperbilirubinemia, drug resistance development and drug ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elbasvir/grazoprevir
Glutamic acidGlutamic acid
Alanine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ pyruvate + glutamate. Aspartate + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ oxaloacetate + glutamate. Both pyruvate and ... typically catalysed by a transaminase. The reaction can be generalised as such: R1-amino acid + R2-α-ketoacid ⇌ R1-α-ketoacid ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid
GynecomastiaGynecomastia
... investigations to find the underlying cause of gynecomastia include tests for aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gynecomastia
Citric acid cycleCitric acid cycle
De-aminated alanine, cysteine, glycine, serine, and threonine are converted to pyruvate and can consequently either enter the ... intra-mitochondrial oxaloacetate is an early step in the gluconeogenic pathway which converts lactate and de-aminated alanine ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle
gamma-Aminobutyric acidgamma-Aminobutyric acid
GABA transaminase inhibitors: gabaculine, phenelzine, valproate, vigabatrin, lemon balm (Melissa officinalis).[76] ... GABA transaminase enzymes catalyze the conversion of 4-aminobutanoic acid (GABA) and 2-oxoglutarate (α-ketoglutarate) into ... transaminase genes in plants or Pseudomonas syringae reduce bacterial virulence". Plant J. 64 (2): 318-30. doi:10.1111/j.1365- ... 4-aminobutyrate transaminase (GABA-transaminase) deficiency. Notes[edit]. .mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Aminobutyric_acid
ValpromideValpromide
Inhibitors: β-Alanine. *Bafilomycin A1. *Chicago sky blue 6B. *Evans blue. *GABA ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valpromide
Enzyme promiscuityEnzyme promiscuity
An example of a commonly evolved enzyme is ω-transaminase which can replace a ketone with a chiral amine[32] and consequently ... β-cyclohexyl-L-alanine, 4-amino-L-phenylalanine and L-norleucine.[28] ... Shin JS, Kim BG (August 2001). "Comparison of the omega-transaminases from different microorganisms and application to ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme_promiscuity
BiochemistryBiochemistry
Enzymes called transaminases can easily transfer the amino group from one amino acid (making it an α-keto acid) to another α- ... Mammals do possess the enzymes to synthesize alanine, asparagine, aspartate, cysteine, glutamate, glutamine, glycine, proline, ... The primary structure of a protein simply consists of its linear sequence of amino acids; for instance, "alanine-glycine- ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochem
Oxaloacetic acidOxaloacetic acid
Six essential amino acids and three nonessential are synthesized from oxaloacetate and pyruvate.[5] Aspartate and alanine are ... After that, oxaloacetate will be recycled to aspartate, as transaminases prefer these keto acids over the others. This ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxaloacetate
Elevated transaminasesElevated transaminases
The two transaminases commonly measured are alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST).[1] These levels ... Alanine transaminase is one of the two transaminases measured (Aspartate transaminase is the other).. ... In medicine, the presence of elevated transaminases, commonly the transaminases alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate ... Elevated transaminases that persist less than six months are termed "acute" in nature, and those values that persist for six ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevated_transaminases
TransaminationTransamination
The products usually are either alanine, aspartate or glutamate, since their corresponding alpha-keto acids are produced ... Transamination in biochemistry is accomplished by enzymes called transaminases or aminotransferases. α-ketoglutarate acts as ... The two common types of aminotransferases are Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST). ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transamination
AGXT - WicipediaAGXT - Wicipedia
alanine-glyoxylate transaminase activity. • serine-pyruvate transaminase activity. • transaminase activity. • protein self- ... AGXT, AGT, AGT1, AGXT1, PH1, SPAT, SPT, TLH6, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, alanine--glyoxylate and serine--pyruvate ... L-alanine catabolic process. • response to glucocorticoid. • response to cAMP. • L-cysteine catabolic process. • cellular ... "Effects of interface mutations on the dimerization of alanine glyoxylate aminotransferase and implications in the mistargeting ...
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/AGXT
Ascending cholangitisAscending cholangitis
... with elevations in alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase.[1] Blood cultures are often performed in people with fever ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascending_cholangitis
BilirubinBilirubin
... especially the enzymes alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase), ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbilirubinemia
Alanine transaminaseAlanine transaminase
Redirected from Alanine aminotransferase). Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.2). It is also called ... It catalyzes the two parts of the alanine cycle. Serum ALT level, serum AST (aspartate transaminase) level, and their ratio ( ... Alanine+transaminase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... Alanine transaminase shows a marked diurnal variation.[citation needed]. The AST/ALT ratio (with AST being aspartate ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_aminotransferase
Beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase - WikipediaBeta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase - Wikipedia
Other names in common use include beta-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase, and beta-alanine-alpha-alanine transaminase. This ... L-alanine + 3-oxopropanoate ⇌. {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }. pyruvate + beta-alanine. Thus, the two substrates of this ... In enzymology, a beta-alanine-pyruvate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.18) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction ... Stinson RA, Spencer MS (1969). "Beta alanine aminotransferase (s) from a plant source". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 34 (1): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-alanine%E2%80%94pyruvate_transaminase
Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaAlanine transaminase (ALT) blood test: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
The alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test measures the level of the enzyme ALT in the blood. ... Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, alanine transaminase, SGPT) - serum. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and ... The alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test measures the level of the enzyme ALT in the blood. ... Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test. URL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003473.htm Alanine transaminase (ALT) ...
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003473.htm
Alanine transaminase - WikipediaAlanine transaminase - Wikipedia
Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.2). It is also called alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and was ... Alanine+transaminase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ALT: analyte monograph; The ... It catalyzes the two parts of the alanine cycle. Serum ALT level, serum AST (aspartate transaminase) level, and their ratio ( ... The term transaminase is outdated and no longer used in liver disease. Aspartate transaminase Liver function tests Karmen A, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_transaminase
Alanine-oxomalonate transaminase - WikipediaAlanine-oxomalonate transaminase - Wikipedia
Other names in common use include alanine-oxomalonate aminotransferase, L-alanine-ketomalonate transaminase, and alanine- ... In enzymology, an alanine-oxomalonate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-alanine + ... This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups. The ... ketomalonate (mesoxalate) transaminase. It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate. Nagayama H, Muramatsu M, Shimura K (1958 ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine%E2%80%94oxomalonate_transaminase
Alanine transaminase - WikipediaAlanine transaminase - Wikipedia
Redirected from Alanine aminotransferase). Alanine transaminase (ALT) is a transaminase enzyme (EC 2.6.1.2). It is also called ... It catalyzes the two parts of the alanine cycle. Serum ALT level, serum AST (aspartate transaminase) level, and their ratio ( ... Alanine+transaminase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) ... Alanine transaminase shows a marked diurnal variation.[citation needed]. The AST/ALT ratio (with AST being aspartate ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_aminotransferase
Anti-Alanine Transaminase antibody (ab34832) | AbcamAnti-Alanine Transaminase antibody (ab34832) | Abcam
Sheep polyclonal Alanine Transaminase antibody. Validated in WB, IP, ELISA, Dot and tested in Pig. Immunogen corresponding to ... Amino-acid degradation; L-alanine degradation via transaminase pathway; pyruvate from L-alanine: step 1/1. ... Protein - Recombinant mouse Alanine Transaminase protein (Active) (ab222953) MS, Functional Studies, SDS-PAGE ... Primary - Sheep Anti-Alanine Transaminase antibody (ab34832) Dot blot, WB, ELISA, IP ...
https://www.abcam.com/alanine-transaminase-antibody-ab34832.html
ALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT), SERUMALANINE TRANSAMINASE (ALT), SERUM
ID:1,Note:Reference Interval has been last updated on 22 Apr 2013.,Date:2013-04-29T10:20:00.000Z,Deleted:false,IsNew:true ...
https://www.sgh.com.sg/patient-care/specialties-services/Pathology/Pages/ALANINE-TRANSAMINASE-ALT-SERUM.aspx
Recombinant Human Alanine Transaminase protein (ab113862) ReferencesRecombinant Human Alanine Transaminase protein (ab113862) References
References for Abcams Recombinant Human Alanine Transaminase protein (ab113862). Please let us know if you have used this ...
http://www.abcam.com/recombinant-human-alanine-transaminase-protein-ab113862-references.html
decreased circulating alanine transaminase level Mammalian Phenotype Term (MP:0002942)decreased circulating alanine transaminase level Mammalian Phenotype Term (MP:0002942)
The Mammalian Phenotype (MP) Ontology is a community effort to provide standard terms for annotating phenotypic data. You can use this browser to view terms, definitions, and term relationships in a hierarchical display. Links to summary annotated phenotype data at MGI are provided in Term Detail reports.
http://www.informatics.jax.org/vocab/mp_ontology/MP:0002942
Alanine transaminase | definition of alanine transaminase by Medical dictionaryAlanine transaminase | definition of alanine transaminase by Medical dictionary
What is alanine transaminase? Meaning of alanine transaminase medical term. What does alanine transaminase mean? ... Looking for online definition of alanine transaminase in the Medical Dictionary? alanine transaminase explanation free. ... Synonym(s): alanine transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic:pyruvic transaminase. alanine transaminase. /al ... Related to alanine transaminase: Aspartate transaminase. alanine transaminase. [al´ah-nēn trans-am´ĭ-nās] an enzyme that ...
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/alanine+transaminase
WikiGenes - Gpt - glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (alanine...WikiGenes - Gpt - glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (alanine...
Synonyms: ALT1, Aat1, Alanine aminotransferase 1, GPT 1, Glutamate pyruvate transaminase 1, ... ... 3. The increase in alanine metabolism on high-protein diets was associated with an increase in alanine aminotransferase and in ... Glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and guanase activities were found to be significantly elevated ... Serum enzymes, creatine phosphokinase, serum glutamic oxalo-pyruvic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate ...
https://www.wikigenes.org/e/gene/e/81670.html
Three Stars Medical Supplies - Alanine transaminase Manufacturer & ExportersThree Stars Medical Supplies - Alanine transaminase Manufacturer & Exporters
We are leading Manufacturer of Alanine transaminase, UREA UV, Hemoglobin Kit, laboratory diagnostics, Bilurubin Total from ...
http://www.indianyellowpages.com/three-stars-medical/
Clinical, histological, and virological features of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal or abnormal alanine...Clinical, histological, and virological features of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal or abnormal alanine...
... and virological features of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal or abnormal alanine transaminase levels. ... and virological features of hepatitis C virus carriers with persistently normal or abnormal alanine transaminase levels. ... Assessment of liver function in patients with hepatitis C and normal transaminase levels. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1996; 8: ... Liver histology in hepatitis C infection: a comparison between patients with persistently normal or abnormal transaminases. Gut ...
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hep.510260603/references?globalMessage=0
Hepatitis C virus infection and alanine transaminase levels in the general population: a survey in a southern Italian townHepatitis C virus infection and alanine transaminase levels in the general population: a survey in a southern Italian town
... J ... The positive predictive value of alanine transaminase (ALT) screening in identifying HCV positive subjects was also assessed. ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10905594/?dopt=Abstract
Frontiers | Peptide Bond Formation Between the Hetrosubunits of ω-Transaminase, Alanine Dehydrogenase, and Formate...Frontiers | Peptide Bond Formation Between the Hetrosubunits of ω-Transaminase, Alanine Dehydrogenase, and Formate...
... alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been ... alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been ... For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), ... For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), ... R-ω-Transaminase (RTA) and alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) are dimeric enzymes, each consisting of two subunits. ZE was fused to ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00686/full
Improved Performance of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in HCV cirrhosis with Normal Alanine...Improved Performance of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in HCV cirrhosis with Normal Alanine...
Results: HCV etiology, Non-White race, and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) predicted elevated AFP in cirrhotics. Non-White ... Performance of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in HCV cirrhosis with Normal Alanine Transaminase ... Performance of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in HCV cirrhosis with Normal Alanine Transaminase ... Performance of Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis in HCV cirrhosis with Normal Alanine Transaminase ...
http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2017/03/03/1055-9965.EPI-16-0747
Recombinant Human Glutamic-Pyruvate Transaminase/Alanine Aminotransferase Heart | Cell SciencesRecombinant Human Glutamic-Pyruvate Transaminase/Alanine Aminotransferase Heart | Cell Sciences
Prices are in US dollars.. These products are for laboratory research purposes only, not for any human or animal diagnostic or therapeutic use.. All site content © 2017 Cell Sciences, Inc.. ...
http://www.cellsciences.com/recombinant-human-gpt-alt-3
Frontiers | Saccharomyces cerevisiae Differential Functionalization of Presumed ScALT1 and ScALT2 Alanine Transaminases Has...Frontiers | Saccharomyces cerevisiae Differential Functionalization of Presumed ScALT1 and ScALT2 Alanine Transaminases Has...
Diversification analysis of ScAlt1/ScAlt2 indicated that while ScAlt1 is an alanine transaminase, ScAlt2 lost this activity, ... functional diversification could have determined loss of ScAlt2 alanine transaminase activity and thus its role in alanine ... functional diversification could have determined loss of ScAlt2 alanine transaminase activity and thus its role in alanine ... that could result in lack of alanine transaminase activity in ScAlt2. The fact that ScAlt2 forms a catalytically active Schiff ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2018.00944/full
Anti-GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody | Rabbit anti-Human | LSBioAnti-GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody | Rabbit anti-Human | LSBio
Alanine Transaminase antibody LS-C100675 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to human Alanine Transaminase (GPT ). ... Alanine Transaminase antibody LS-C100675 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to human Alanine Transaminase (GPT ). ... GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa31‑80) LS‑C80760 Species: Human, Monkey, Mouse, Rat, Bat, Bovine, Dog, Guinea pig, ... GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa86‑112) LS‑C100675 GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa86‑112) LS‑C100675 ...
https://www.lsbio.com/antibodies/gpt-antibody-alanine-transaminase-antibody-aa86-112-flow-ihc-wb-western-ls-c100675/102247?trid=247
Anti-GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody | Rabbit anti-Rat WB | LSBioAnti-GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody | Rabbit anti-Rat WB | LSBio
Alanine Transaminase antibody LS-C292687 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to rat Alanine Transaminase (GPT ). ... Alanine Transaminase antibody LS-C292687 is an unconjugated rabbit polyclonal antibody to rat Alanine Transaminase (GPT ). ... GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa31‑80) LS‑C80760 Species: Human, Monkey, Mouse, Rat, Bat, Bovine, Dog, Guinea pig, ... GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa1‑496) LS‑C292687 GPT / Alanine Transaminase Antibody (aa1‑496) LS‑C292687 ...
https://www.lsbio.com/antibodies/anti-gpt-antibody-alanine-transaminase-antibody-aa1-496-wb-western-ls-c292687/302601?trid=247
AID 1106867 - Hepatoprotective activity against CCL4-induced toxicity in human HuH7 cells assessed as decrease in alanine...AID 1106867 - Hepatoprotective activity against CCL4-induced toxicity in human HuH7 cells assessed as decrease in alanine...
Hepatoprotective activity against CCL4-induced toxicity in human HuH7 cells assessed as decrease in alanine transaminase level ...
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioassay/1106867
HIE Multimedia - Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood testHIE Multimedia - Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test
Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test. SGPT; Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase; Alanine transaminase; Alanine ... Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, alanine transaminase, SGPT) - serum. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. Laboratory Tests and ... The alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test measures the level of the enzyme ALT in the blood.. Enzyme. Enzymes are complex ... Tests for Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test. *Alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test ...
https://ssl.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=117&isarticlelink=false&pid=1&gid=003473&site=summithealth.adam.com&login=SUMM2111
Metabolic Cause of Obesity: The Role of Alanine Transaminase in Increasing BMI, Cholesterol, Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose ...Metabolic Cause of Obesity: The Role of Alanine Transaminase in Increasing BMI, Cholesterol, Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose ...
... The Role of Alanine Transaminase in Increasing BMI, Cholesterol, Blood Pressure and Blood Glucose. In: Bose, Kaushik; ...
http://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/101805/
The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled...The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled...
... on liver function in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled ... The effectiveness of fermented turmeric powder in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase levels: a randomised controlled ... on liver function in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. ... Flow chart for the study subjects. AEs, adverse events; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; FTP, fermented turmeric powder; ITT, ...
https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6882-13-58
alanine transaminase - oialanine transaminase - oi
alanine transaminase can also refer to... alanine transaminase The Association of Alanine Transaminase With Aging, Frailty, ... pyruvic transaminase; glutamic‐alanine transaminase. An enzyme that catalyses the reversible reaction:. l‐alanine + 2‐ ... Fine Particle Pollution, Alanine Transaminase, and Liver Cancer: A Taiwanese Prospective Cohort Study (REVEAL-HBV) ... Elevated serum alanine transaminase in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus ...
http://oxfordindex.oup.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803095359442
Alanine Transaminase | ViapathAlanine Transaminase | Viapath
Viapath is a founding member of The Association of Independent Pathology Providers (AIPP), which is a trade association representing innovative research-based diagnostic testing companies. www.pathologyassociation.com. ...
http://www.viapath.co.uk/our-tests/alanine-transaminase
Cairoscan | Alanine Transaminase (ALT)Cairoscan | Alanine Transaminase (ALT)
Also known as: Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase; SGPT; Alanine transaminase; AST/ALT ratio. Formal name: Alanine ...
http://www.cairoscan.com.eg/Potassium_K_/Alanine_Transaminase_ALT____________
ALT (Alanine Transaminase) | ViapathALT (Alanine Transaminase) | Viapath
Liver disease is the most important cause of increased ALT activity. Elevations of serum activitity are rarely observed in conditions other than parenchymal liver disease. It is a more liver-specific enzyme than AST and elevations of ALT activity persist longer than do those of AST activity ...
http://www.viapath.co.uk/our-tests/alt
Alanine Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) - MolQAlanine Transaminase (ALT/SGPT) - MolQ
Diagnosis and monitoring of liver disease associated with hepatic necrosisAlanine transaminase (ALT) is also called alanine ... or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). ALT is found in plasma and in various body tissues, but is most common in the ... aminotransferase (ALAT) and was formerly called serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) ...
https://molq.in/product/alanine-transaminase-alt-sgpt/
Alanine Transaminase Posts on MedivizorAlanine Transaminase Posts on Medivizor
... Common Tests: Liver Function. Posted by Kathleen Hoffman on Jun 30, 2018 in Blog , 0 ...
https://medivizor.com/blog/tag/alanine-transaminase/
AminotransferasePyruvateGlutamatePlasma levels of alanineBilirubinSerum alanineLactate dehydrogenasePyridoxal phosphateProteinEnzymesLevelsFatty liverHepatitisBiomarkersElevationsELISABloodALT1MitochondrialSkeletal muscleRatioCatalyzesPathwayMetabolismAmino groupsWaistDiseaseLevelTransientLaboratoryUrea
Aminotransferase24
  • The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-alanine:3-oxopropanoate aminotransferase . (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include beta-alanine-pyruvate aminotransferase , and beta-alanine-alpha-alanine transaminase . (wikipedia.org)
  • It is also called alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and was formerly called serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and was first characterized in the mid-1950s by Arthur Karmen and colleagues. (wikipedia.org)
  • In 2000, the American Association for Clinical Chemistry determined that the appropriate terminology for AST and ALT are aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Other names in common use include alanine-oxomalonate aminotransferase, L-alanine-ketomalonate transaminase, and alanine-ketomalonate (mesoxalate) transaminase. (wikipedia.org)
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, alanine transaminase, SGPT) - serum. (medlineplus.gov)
  • Alanine aminotransferase subfamily. (abcam.com)
  • Called also alanine aminotransferase and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase . (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Levels of the liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) did not differ between the naltrexone and placebo group at baseline or at 1 month of treatment, nor did the percentage of individuals with levels out of the normal range: 3. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Quantitative determination of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity in human serum. (viapath.co.uk)
  • Alanine aminotransferase, alanine transaminase, (serum) glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT). (viapath.co.uk)
  • Diagnosis and monitoring of liver disease associated with hepatic necrosisAlanine transaminase (ALT) is also called alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) and was formerly called serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) or serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT). (molq.in)
  • Another "small Sanyang" middle aged patients, HBV DNA negative, but in January two liver function test alanine aminotransferase were more than 60 U/L. What is the reason? (scleritis.net)
  • So for patients with mildly elevated alanine aminotransferase, 2 weeks after the review of normal, may be the cause of the accident, such as colds, strenuous exercise, menstrual period, drunk, etc. (scleritis.net)
  • Alanine Transaminase (ALT) test is also known as Alanine aminotransferase test, Serum Glutamic-Pyruvate Transaminase, SGPT, and GPT. (1mg.com)
  • Prior history was notable for HCV infection documented in March 2014 following mildly elevated blood alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. (hindawi.com)
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is an enzyme found mostly in the cells of the liver and kidney. (labtestsonline.org)
  • In both strains of mice, plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase increased from week 1, when hepatic steatosis was also observed. (nih.gov)
  • Cases were defined by a discrete onset of symptoms, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal (xULN), negative findings for serologic markers for acute hepatitis A and B, and positive findings for antibody to HCV or HCV RNA. (mendeley.com)
  • This test measures the level of alanine aminotransferase. (rochester.edu)
  • The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Bellamya javanica meat (BJM) in mice by quantifying alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and observing liver histology. (innovareacademics.in)
  • The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels and the possible liver damages in this region. (ac.ir)
  • The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test is typically used to detect liver injury. (labcorp.com)
  • 5 ) identify a syndrome characterized by the association of fatty liver and lobular hepatitis and chronically elevated alanine aminotransferase plasma levels in patients with negligible alcohol intake. (diabetesjournals.org)
Pyruvate20
  • Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-alanine and 3-oxopropanoate , whereas its two products are pyruvate and beta-alanine . (wikipedia.org)
  • ALT catalyzes the transfer of an amino group from L-alanine to α-ketoglutarate, the products of this reversible transamination reaction being pyruvate and L-glutamate. (wikipedia.org)
  • L-alanine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ pyruvate + L-glutamate ALT (and all aminotransferases) require the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate, which is converted into pyridoxamine in the first phase of the reaction, when an amino acid is converted into a keto acid. (wikipedia.org)
  • In enzymology, an alanine-oxomalonate transaminase (EC 2.6.1.47) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-alanine + oxomalonate ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pyruvate + aminomalonate Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are L-alanine and oxomalonate, whereas its two products are pyruvate and aminomalonate. (wikipedia.org)
  • Catalyzes the reversible transamination between alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. (abcam.com)
  • pyruvate from L-alanine: step 1/1. (abcam.com)
  • an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group from alanine to α-ketoglutarate to form pyruvate and glutamate. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • glutamic-pyruvate transaminase (alanine. (wikigenes.org)
  • Formate dehydrogenase is integrated into the network to recycle NADH, which is needed for the reductive amination of pyruvate to alanine. (frontiersin.org)
  • It is speculated that for efficient conversion of those ketones, the amine donor alanine and coproduct pyruvate as well as NADH and NAD + must be efficiently transferred between RTA and AlaDH and between AlaDH and FDH, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
  • l‐alanine + 2‐oxoglutarate = pyruvate + l‐glutamate. (oup.com)
  • Its function is to convert alanine (an amino acid found in proteins) to pyruvate (intermediate in cellular energy production). (1mg.com)
  • L-alanine + glyoxylate = pyruvate + glycine. (uniprot.org)
  • In muscle, pyruvate is converted to alanine, while in liver, alanine is converted to pyruvate. (prezi.com)
  • Transamination of pyruvate by alanine transaminase, ALT (also referred to as serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, SGPT). (prezi.com)
  • Pyruvate can be transaminated to alanine. (prezi.com)
  • Within the liver, alanine is converted back to pyruvate by deamination. (prezi.com)
  • The key feature of the cycle is that in 1 molecule, alanine, peripheral tissue exports pyruvate and ammonia to the liver, where the carbon skeleton is recycled and most nitrogen eliminated. (prezi.com)
  • Please see the web pages for more details on AST (Serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase- SGOT) and ALT (SGPT- Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase). (yahoo.com)
  • 2 The enzyme formerly known as GPT (glutamate pyruvate transaminase) has a new name: ALT (alanine aminotransfer. (bartleby.com)
Glutamate1
  • one d -alanine transaminase effects the same reaction, but using d -alanine and d -glutamate. (thefreedictionary.com)
Plasma levels of alanine1
  • We tested the association of rs72613567 with plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and clinical liver disease and mortality in 111,612 individuals from the Danish general population, including 497 with cirrhosis and 113 with hepatocellular carcinoma. (cdc.gov)
Bilirubin3
  • 2 mmol/L Creatinine 91 [micro]mol/L Albumin 47 g/L Bilirubin 8 [micro]mol/L Alkaline phosphatase 93 IU/L Alanine transaminase 14 IU/L Corrected calcium 2. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Serum T3, T4, TSH were analyzed by electrochemiluminescence, total bilirubin by diazzonium ion (blanked) and ALT (Alanine transaminase) by IFCC without PLP method. (innovativepublication.com)
  • Hepatotoxicity: Monitor liver laboratory tests every 2 weeks during the first 3 months of treatment, then once a month and as clinically indicated, with more frequent testing in patients who develop transaminase and bilirubin elevations. (nih.gov)
Serum alanine3
  • Results: HCV etiology, Non-White race, and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) predicted elevated AFP in cirrhotics. (aacrjournals.org)
  • Serum alanine transaminase levels in hospital personnel and effect before and after hepatitis B vaccination. (bvsalud.org)
  • The elevation of serum alanine aminotranferase levels is associated most commonly with some forms of liver diseases. (ac.ir)
Lactate dehydrogenase1
  • To assess the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) among asphyxiated term neonates at birth (in cord blood), 0-4 hours and 18 to 24 hours after birth, to compare their levels in 3 grades of asphyxia, to correlate the values with the severity of asphyxia and to ascertain the best time interval for their estimation. (sljol.info)
Pyridoxal phosphate1
  • This paper analyzes structural organization and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) binding properties of Sc Alt1 and Sc Alt2 indicating functional diversification could have determined loss of Sc Alt2 alanine transaminase activity and thus its role in alanine metabolism. (frontiersin.org)
Protein1
  • Alanine is the major amino acid present when muscle (protein) is degraded. (prezi.com)
Enzymes1
  • For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been achieved by the intein-mediated in vivo subunit splicing. (frontiersin.org)
Levels6
  • The purpose of the study is to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of fermented turmeric powder (FTP) on liver function in subjects with elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The researchers found that pretreatment with baicalein significantly decreased aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) serum levels as well as apoptosis in the liver. (naturalnews.com)
  • Alanine Transaminase test measures the levels of alanine transaminase in the blood. (1mg.com)
  • Generally, these levels of alanine transaminase in the blood remain low in healthy individuals. (1mg.com)
  • Alanine transaminase (ALT) levels in healthy hospital personnel were studied. (bvsalud.org)
  • 3 No controlled clinical trials have compared approaches to the management of abnormal transaminase levels. (aafp.org)
Fatty liver3
  • High Risk of Fatty Liver Disease Amplifies the Alanine Transaminase-Lowering Effect of a HSD17B13 Variant. (cdc.gov)
  • It seemed that high proportions of people (16%) in this region had an elevated serum enzyme activity of alanine amino-tranferase and according to well-documented reports, it might probably be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. (ac.ir)
  • This study was carried out to see the role of Alanine transaminase [ALT] as an indicator of Non Alcoholic Fatty liver disease [ NAFLD ] in patients having Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus . (bvsalud.org)
Hepatitis2
  • But pay attention to a point, "small Sanyang" patients, the hepatitis B virus (HBV DNA) higher than 10 of the 5 party, no matter how much can transaminase, HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B. Why, in general, the immune function under the action of "big 3 this world" to "small three", HBV DNA will soon turn. (scleritis.net)
  • Potential causes of liver transaminase elevations include viral hepatitis, alcohol use, medication use, steatosis or steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis. (aafp.org)
Biomarkers1
  • Serum ALT level, serum AST (aspartate transaminase) level, and their ratio (AST/ALT ratio) are commonly measured clinically as biomarkers for liver health. (wikipedia.org)
Elevations4
  • Mild elevations in liver chemistry tests such as alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase can reveal serious underlying conditions or have transient and benign etiologies. (aafp.org)
  • Other common health conditions, such as diabetes, heart disease, and thyroid disease, can cause or augment liver transaminase elevations. (aafp.org)
  • Given the frequency of this problem, physicians should develop an informed approach to the investigation of transaminase elevations. (aafp.org)
  • In the asymptomatic patient with negative serum testing and mild transaminase elevations, a period of lifestyle modification can be tried. (aafp.org)
ELISA1
  • This product has been assayed against 1.0 ug of Alanine Transaminase (ALT) [Pig Heart] in a standard sandwich ELISA using Peroxidase conjugated affinity purified anti-Sheep IgG [H&L] (Goat) and ABTS as a substrate for 30 minutes at RT. (abcam.com)
Blood4
  • The alanine transaminase (ALT) blood test measures the level of the enzyme ALT in the blood. (medlineplus.gov)
  • However, if there is any damage to the liver, alanine transaminase is released in the blood. (1mg.com)
  • Hepatic transaminase tests such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) often are part of standard laboratory panels in asymptomatic outpatients, similar to screening tests for blood donors and for life insurance applicants. (aafp.org)
  • The alanine then enters the blood stream and is transported to the liver. (prezi.com)
ALT11
  • Diversification analysis of Sc Alt1/ Sc Alt2 indicated that while Sc Alt1 is an alanine transaminase, Sc Alt2 lost this activity, constituting an example in which one of the members of the gene pair lacks the apparent ancestral physiological role. (frontiersin.org)
Mitochondrial1
  • Datta, K. (1986) Affinity purification and properties of rat liver mitochondrial L-alanine:4,5-dioxovalerate transaminase and its inhibition by hemin Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 248 (2). (ias.ac.in)
Skeletal muscle1
  • The glucose-alanine cycle occurs in skeletal muscle to eliminate nitrogen while replenishing (renewing) the energy supply for muscle. (prezi.com)
Ratio1
  • The AST/ALT ratio (with AST being aspartate transaminase ) also has clinical significance. (wikipedia.org)
Catalyzes1
Pathway1
  • This pathway is termed the glucose-alanine cycle. (prezi.com)
Metabolism1
  • Only hemin among the intermediate compounds of heme metabolism tested was shown to be an inhibitor of purified alanine:4,5-dioxovalerate transaminase. (ias.ac.in)
Amino groups1
  • Also known as Cahill cycle or alanine cycle.A series of reactions in which amino groups from the muscle are transported to the liver. (prezi.com)
Waist1
  • EVOO supplementation was associated with a reduction in body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), alanine transaminase and FLI, as well as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-17A, tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-1B, while IL-10 increased. (unipa.it)
Disease1
  • The term transaminase is outdated and no longer used in liver disease. (wikipedia.org)
Level2
  • 1 This is consistent with the usual definition of an elevated transaminase level of the top 2.5 percent of the population range. (aafp.org)
  • This test measures the level of aspartate transaminase. (rochester.edu)
Transient1
  • It turned out that excessive strenuous exercise led to a transient fluctuation of transaminase. (scleritis.net)
Laboratory1
  • In our study the laboratory parameter was observed alanine transaminase to be lower in dengue patients than the reference ranges. (thefreedictionary.com)
Urea1
  • The amino group transported from the muscle to the liver in the form of alanine, is converted to urea in the urea cycle and excreted. (prezi.com)
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