Alanine dehydrogenase. Medical search

An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible DEAMINATION of L-ALANINE to PYRUVATE and AMMONIA. The enzyme is needed for growth when ALANINE is the sole CARBON or NITROGEN source. It may also play a role in CELL WALL synthesis because L-ALANINE is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer.

A class of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions of amino acids.

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that reversibly catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine to D-alanine. EC 5.1.1.1.

A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.

An oxidoreductase that catalyzes the oxidative DEAMINATION of GLYCINE to glyoxylate and AMMONIA in the presence of NAD. In BACTERIA lacking transaminating pathways the enzyme can act in the reverse direction to synthesize glycine from glyoxylate and ammonia and NADH.

A colorless alkaline gas. It is formed in the body during decomposition of organic materials during a large number of metabolically important reactions. Note that the aqueous form of ammonia is referred to as AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE.

A coenzyme composed of ribosylnicotinamide 5'-diphosphate coupled to adenosine 5'-phosphate by pyrophosphate linkage. It is found widely in nature and is involved in numerous enzymatic reactions in which it serves as an electron carrier by being alternately oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH). (Dorland, 27th ed)

The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.

A characteristic feature of enzyme activity in relation to the kind of substrate on which the enzyme or catalytic molecule reacts.

A species of extremely thermophilic, sulfur-reducing archaea. It grows at a maximum temperature of 95 degrees C. in marine or deep-sea geothermal areas.

A genus of extremely thermophilic, sulfate-reducing archaea, in the family Archaeoglobaceae.

Lists of words, usually in alphabetical order, giving information about form, pronunciation, etymology, grammar, and meaning.

The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.

The bovine variety of the tubercle bacillus. It is called also Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. bovis.

Proteins found in any species of bacterium.

A species of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria that produces TUBERCULOSIS in humans, other primates, CATTLE; DOGS; and some other animals which have contact with humans. Growth tends to be in serpentine, cordlike masses in which the bacilli show a parallel orientation.

Substances elaborated by bacteria that have antigenic activity.

Any of the infectious diseases of man and other animals caused by species of MYCOBACTERIUM.

Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.

Cyclic AMIDES formed from aminocarboxylic acids by the elimination of water. Lactims are the enol forms of lactams.

An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.

A genus of bacteria that form a nonfragmented aerial mycelium. Many species have been identified with some being pathogenic. This genus is responsible for producing a majority of the ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS of practical value.

A rapid-growing, nonphotochromogenic species of MYCOBACTERIUM originally isolated from human smegma and found also in soil and water. (From Dorland, 28th ed)

A genus of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. Most species are free-living in soil and water, but the major habitat for some is the diseased tissue of warm-blooded hosts.

The creation of an amine. It can be produced by the addition of an amino group to an organic compound or reduction of a nitro group.

An enzyme that converts brain gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) into succinate semialdehyde, which can be converted to succinic acid and enter the citric acid cycle. It also acts on beta-alanine. EC 2.6.1.19.

A PYRIDOXAL PHOSPHATE containing enzyme that catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between D-Alanine and alpha-ketoglutarate to form PYRUVATE and D-GLUTAMATE, respectively. It plays a role in the synthesis of the bacterial CELL WALL. This enzyme was formerly classified as EC 2.6.1.10.

A red yeast-like mitosporic fungal genus generally regarded as nonpathogenic. It is cultured from numerous sources in human patients.

The phenomenon whereby compounds whose molecules have the same number and kind of atoms and the same atomic arrangement, but differ in their spatial relationships. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed)

The removal of an amino group (NH2) from a chemical compound.

A nonapeptide that is found in neurons, peripheral organs, and plasma. This neuropeptide induces mainly delta sleep in mammals. In addition to sleep, the peptide has been observed to affect electrophysiological activity, neurotransmitter levels in the brain, circadian and locomotor patterns, hormonal levels, psychological performance, and the activity of neuropharmacological drugs including their withdrawal.

An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration.

Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)

PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.

Prolonged dry periods in natural climate cycle. They are slow-onset phenomena caused by rainfall deficit combined with other predisposing factors.

The provision of monetary resources including money or capital and credit; obtaining or furnishing money or capital for a purchase or enterprise and the funds so obtained. (From Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed.)

The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)

A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.

A species of CORONAVIRUS causing atypical respiratory disease (SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME) in humans. The organism is believed to have first emerged in Guangdong Province, China, in 2002. The natural host is the Chinese horseshoe bat, RHINOLOPHUS sinicus.

A class I viral fusion protein that forms the characteristic spikes, or peplomers, found on the viral surface that mediate virus attachment, fusion, and entry into the host cell. During virus maturation, it is cleaved into two subunits: S1, which binds to receptors in the host cell, and S2, which mediates membrane fusion.

Virus diseases caused by the CORONAVIRUS genus. Some specifics include transmissible enteritis of turkeys (ENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF TURKEYS); FELINE INFECTIOUS PERITONITIS; and transmissible gastroenteritis of swine (GASTROENTERITIS, TRANSMISSIBLE, OF SWINE).

A genus of the family CORONAVIRIDAE which causes respiratory or gastrointestinal disease in a variety of vertebrates.

Infectious diseases that are novel in their outbreak ranges (geographic and host) or transmission mode.

Viral proteins found in either the NUCLEOCAPSID or the viral core (VIRAL CORE PROTEINS).

The state of weariness following a period of exertion, mental or physical, characterized by a decreased capacity for work and reduced efficiency to respond to stimuli.

Databases containing information about PROTEINS such as AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; PROTEIN CONFORMATION; and other properties.

A process that includes the determination of AMINO ACID SEQUENCE of a protein (or peptide, oligopeptide or peptide fragment) and the information analysis of the sequence.

The procedures involved in combining separately developed modules, components, or subsystems so that they work together as a complete system. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)

A loose confederation of computer communication networks around the world. The networks that make up the Internet are connected through several backbone networks. The Internet grew out of the US Government ARPAnet project and was designed to facilitate information exchange.

The protein complement of an organism coded for by its genome.

Cold-adapted alanine dehydrogenases from two antarctic bacterial strains: gene cloning, protein characterization, and comparison with mesophilic and thermophilic counterparts. (1/60)

The genes encoding NAD(+)-dependent alanine dehydrogenases (AlaDHs) (EC 1.4.1.1) from the Antarctic bacterial organisms Shewanella sp. strain Ac10 (SheAlaDH) and Carnobacterium sp. strain St2 (CarAlaDH) were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Of all of the AlaDHs that have been sequenced, SheAlaDH exhibited the highest level of sequence similarity to the AlaDH from the gram-negative bacterium Vibrio proteolyticus (VprAlaDH). CarAlaDH was most similar to AlaDHs from mesophilic and thermophilic Bacillus strains. SheAlaDH and CarAlaDH had features typical of cold-adapted enzymes; both the optimal temperature for catalytic activity and the temperature limit for retaining thermostability were lower than the values obtained for the mesophilic counterparts. The k(cat)/K(m) value for the SheAlaDH reaction was about three times higher than the k(cat)/K(m) value for VprAlaDH, but it was much lower than the k(cat)/K(m) value for the AlaDH from Bacillus subtilis. Homology-based structural models of various AlaDHs, including the two psychotropic AlaDHs, were constructed. The thermal instability of SheAlaDH and CarAlaDH may result from relatively low numbers of salt bridges in these proteins. (+info)

Properties of the 40 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a functional L-alanine dehydrogenase. (2/60)

The 40 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the first antigen reported to be present in the pathogenic M. tuberculosis, but not in the vaccine strain Mycobacterium bovis BCG. It is a functional L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) and hence one of the few antigens possessing an enzymic activity. This makes the 40 kDa antigen attractive for potential diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Recently, we developed a strategy to purify quantities of the recombinant protein in active form, and here we describe the biochemical properties of this enzyme. In the oxidative-deamination reaction, the enzyme showed K(m) values of 13. 8 mM and 0.31 mM for L-alanine and NAD(+), respectively, in a random-ordered mechanism. K(m, app) values in the reductive-amination reaction are 35.4 mM, 1.45 mM and 98.2 microM for ammonium, pyruvate and NADH, respectively. The enzyme is highly specific for all of its substrates in both directions. The pH profile indicates that oxidative deamination virtually may not occur at physiological pH. Hence L-alanine most likely is the product of the reaction catalysed in vivo. The enzyme is heat-stable, losing practically no activity at 60 degrees C for several hours. (+info)

Structure and mechanism of proton-translocating transhydrogenase. (3/60)

Recent developments have led to advances in our understanding of the structure and mechanism of action of proton-translocating (or AB) transhydrogenase. There is (a) a high-resolution crystal structure, and an NMR structure, of the NADP(H)-binding component (dIII), (b) a homology-based model of the NAD(H)-binding component (dI) and (c) an emerging consensus on the position of the transmembrane helices (in dII). The crystal structure of dIII, in particular, provides new insights into the mechanism by which the energy released in proton translocation across the membrane is coupled to changes in the binding affinities of NADP(+) and NADPH that drive the chemical reaction. (+info)

Disruption of aldA influences the developmental process in Myxococcus xanthus. (4/60)

Previously, we identified a gene (aldA) from Myxococcus xanthus, which we suggested encoded the enzyme alanine dehydrogenase on the basis of similarity to known Ald protein sequences (M. J. Ward, H. Lew, A. Treuner-Lange, and D. R. Zusman, J. Bacteriol. 180:5668-5675, 1998). In this study, we have confirmed that aldA does encode a functional alanine dehydrogenase, since it catalyzes the reversible conversion of alanine to pyruvate and ammonia. Whereas an aldA gene disruption mutation did not significantly influence the rate of growth or spreading on a rich medium, AldA was required for growth on a minimal medium containing L-alanine as the major source of carbon. Under developmental conditions, the aldA mutation caused delayed aggregation in both wild-type (DZ2) and FB (DZF1) strains. Poorly formed aggregates and reduced levels of spores were apparent in the DZ2 aldA mutant, even after prolonged development. (+info)

Protein-coding genes as molecular markers for ecologically distinct populations: the case of two Bacillus species. (5/60)

Bacillus globisporus and Bacillus psychrophilus are one among many pairs of ecologically distinct taxa that are distinguished by very few nucleotide differences in 16S rRNA gene sequence. This study has investigated whether the lack of divergence in 16S rRNA between such species stems from the unusually slow rate of evolution of this molecule, or whether other factors might be preventing neutral sequence divergence at 16S rRNA as well as every other gene. B. globisporus and B. psychrophilus were each surveyed for restriction-site variation in two protein-coding genes. These species were easily distinguished as separate DNA sequence clusters for each gene. The limited ability of 16S rRNA to distinguish these species is therefore a consequence of the extremely slow rate of 16S rRNA evolution. The present results, and previous results involving two Mycobacterium species, demonstrate that there exist closely related species which have diverged long enough to have formed clearly separate sequence clusters for protein-coding genes, but not for 16S rRNA. These results support an earlier argument that sequence clustering in protein-coding genes could be a primary criterion for discovering and identifying ecologically distinct groups, and classifying them as separate species. (+info)

Reassessment of major products of N2 fixation by bacteroids from soybean root nodules. (6/60)

NH3/ was the principal product from soybean bacteroids, prepared by various procedures, when assayed in solution in a flow chamber under N2 fixation conditions. In addition, small quantities of alanine were produced (reaching 20% of NH3/ under some conditions). Some 15N was assimilated by bacteroids purified from soybean root nodules on Percoll density gradients and shaken with 15N2 and 0.008 atm O2. Under these conditions, accounted for 93% of the (15)N fixed into the soluble fraction. This fraction contained no measurable [15N]alanine. Neither these bacteroids nor those prepared by the previously used differential centrifugation method, when incubated with exogenous alanine under non-N2-fixing conditions, gave rise to NH3 from alanine. Therefore, contamination of bacteroid preparations with enzymes of plant cytosolic origin and capable of producing NH3 from alanine cannot explain the failure to detect [15N]alanine [as reported elsewhere: Waters, J. K., Hughes, B. L., II, Purcell, L. C., Gerhardt, K. O., Mawhinney, T. P. & Emerich, D. W. (1998). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95, 12038-12042]. Cell-free extracts of the bacteroids as used in the 15N experiments contained alanine dehydrogenase and were able to produce alanine from pyruvate and. Other experiments with alanine dehydrogenase in extracts of cultured rhizobia and bacteroids are reported and discussed in relation to the 15N experiments. Possible reasons for the differences between laboratories regarding the role of alanine are discussed. It is concluded that NH3 is the principal soluble product of N2 fixation by suspensions of soybean bacteroids ex planta and that should continue to be considered the principal product of N2 fixation which is assimilated in vivo in soybean nodules. (+info)

Hypoxic response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis studied by metabolic labeling and proteome analysis of cellular and extracellular proteins. (7/60)

The events involved in the establishment of a latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis are not fully understood, but hypoxic conditions are generally believed to be the environment encountered by the pathogen in the central part of the granuloma. The present study was undertaken to provide insight into M. tuberculosis protein expression in in vitro latency models where oxygen is depleted. The response of M. tuberculosis to low-oxygen conditions was investigated in both cellular and extracellular proteins by metabolic labeling, two-dimensional electrophoresis, and protein signature peptide analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. By peptide mass fingerprinting and immunodetection, five proteins more abundant under low-oxygen conditions were identified from several lysates of M. tuberculosis: Rv0569, Rv2031c (HspX), Rv2623, Rv2626c, and Rv3841 (BfrB). In M. tuberculosis culture filtrates, two additional proteins, Rv0363c (Fba) and Rv2780 (Ald), were found in increased amounts under oxygen limitation. These results extend our understanding of the hypoxic response in M. tuberculosis and potentially provide important insights into the physiology of the latent bacilli. (+info)

Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen source and sustained anaerobic growth. (8/60)

NAD(H)-dependent L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) (Ald) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-alanine and the reductive amination of pyruvate. To assess the physiological role of Ald in Mycobacterium smegmatis, we cloned the ald gene, identified its promoter, determined the protein expression levels, and analyzed the combined effects of nutrient supplementation, oxygen availability, and growth stage on enzyme activity. High Ald activities were observed in cells grown in the presence of L- or D-alanine regardless of the oxygen availability and growth stage. In exponentially growing cells under aerobic conditions, supplementation with alanine resulted in a 25- to 50-fold increase in the enzyme activity. In the absence of alanine supplementation, 23-fold-higher Ald activities were observed in cells grown exponentially under anaerobic conditions. Furthermore, M. smegmatis ald null mutants were constructed by targeted disruption and were shown to lack any detectable Ald activity. In contrast, the glycine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.10) (Gdh) activity in mutant cells remained at wild-type levels, indicating that another enzyme protein is responsible for the physiologically relevant reductive amination of glyoxylate. The ald mutants grew poorly in minimal medium with L-alanine as the sole nitrogen source, reaching a saturation density 100-fold less than that of the wild-type strain. Likewise, mutants grew to a saturation density 10-fold less than that of the wild-type strain under anaerobic conditions. In summary, the phenotypes displayed by the M. smegmatis ald mutants suggest that Ald plays an important role in both alanine utilization and anaerobic growth. (+info)

This is confirmed by the presence of glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and alanine dehydrogenase. Since M. scandinavica ... The TCA cycle is incomplete due to the inactivity of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase enzyme. M. scandinavica also uses ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylomonas_scandinavica

... alanine transaminase and lactic dehydrogenase. Diagnosis is made by estimating the acid alpha glucosidase activity in either ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_storage_disease_type_II

Transamination by alanine transaminase produces alanine. Reduction by lactate dehydrogenase produces lactate. Pyruvate is sold ... It can also be used to construct the amino acid alanine and can be converted into ethanol or lactic acid via fermentation. ... Jaimes, R., III (Jul 2015). "Functional response of the isolated, perfused normoxic heart to pyruvate dehydrogenase activation ... Pyruvate from glycolysis is converted by fermentation to lactate using the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase and the coenzyme NADH ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvic_acid

... pyruvate is either converted into alanine via alanine aminotransferase or converted into lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase; ... Leigh syndrome can also be caused by deficiency of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), most commonly involving a PDHC ... Thiamine (vitamin B1) may be given if pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency is known or suspected. The symptoms of lactic acidosis ... Laboratory findings of lactic acidosis or acidemia and hyperalaninemia (elevated levels of alanine in the blood) can also ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigh_syndrome

... alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase are closely examined. Abnormal levels of these proteins are indicative of ... Muscle enzymes are increased, commonly lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Many dietary factors and aberrations can induce ANIM. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquired_non-inflammatory_myopathy

Dando PR (1981). "Strombine [N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine] dehydrogenase and alanopine [meso-N-(1-carboxyethyl)-alanine ... D-alanine]dehydrogenase, and N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine: NAD+ oxidoreductase. ... In enzymology, a strombine dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.22) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction N-(carboxymethyl)-D- ... The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine:NAD+ oxidoreductase (glycine-forming). Other names in ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strombine_dehydrogenase

L-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-linked alanine dehydrogenase, alpha-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent alanine dehydrogenase, ... alanine oxidoreductase, and NADH-dependent alanine dehydrogenase. T Alanine dehydrogenase contains both a N-terminus and C- ... Alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-alanine + H2O + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... O'Connor RJ, Halvorson H (March 1961). "The substrate specificity of L-alanine dehydrogenase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_dehydrogenase

Alanine and lactate are major gluconeogenic precursors that enter gluconeogenesis as pyruvate. The high NADH/NAD+ ratio shifts ... Lactate dehydrogenase-A deficiency is caused by a mutation to the LDHA gene, while lactate dehydrogenase-B deficiency is caused ... Wilks HM, Holbrook JJ (December 1988). "A Specific, Highly Active Malate Dehydrogenase by Redesign of a Lactate Dehydrogenase ... Ethanol is dehydrogenated to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase, and further into acetic acid by acetaldehyde dehydrogenase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactate_dehydrogenase

Dando PR (1981). "Strombine [N-(carboxymethyl)-D-alanine] dehydrogenase and alanopine [meso-N-(1-carboxyethyl)-alanine] ... alanine]dehydrogenase, meso-N-(1-carboxyethyl)-alanine:NAD+ oxidoreductase, alanopine: NAD+ oxidoreductase, ADH, and alanopine: ... Alanopine dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 2,2'-iminodipropanoate + NAD+ + H2O ... Its 4 products are L-alanine, pyruvate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and hydrogen ion. This enzyme belongs to the family ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanopine_dehydrogenase

This enzyme participates in beta-alanine metabolism. Nakamura K, Bernheim F (June 1961). "Studies on malonic semialdehyde ... In enzymology, a malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 3- ... dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 50: 147-52. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(61)91071-X. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malonate-semialdehyde_dehydrogenase

It also participates in beta-alanine metabolism and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis. The systematic name of this enzyme class ... DHU dehydrogenase hydropyrimidine dehydrogenase dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (NADP+) As of late 2007, 5 structures have been ... dihydrothymine dehydrogenase dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NADP+) 4,5-dihydrothymine: oxidoreductase DPD DHPDH dehydrogenase, ... "Entrez Gene: DPYD dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase". Chung T, Na J, Kim YI, Chang DY, Kim YI, Kim H, Moon HE, Kang KW, Lee DS, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydropyrimidine_dehydrogenase_(NADP )

This enzyme participates in beta-alanine metabolism and propanoate metabolism. Den H, Robinson WG, Coon MJ (1959). "Enzymatic ... In enzymology, a 3-hydroxypropionate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.59) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 3- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-hydroxypropionate_dehydrogenase

The malonate semialdehyde can then be converted into malonate via malonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Malonate is then ... α-alanine). The IUPAC name for β-alanine is 3-aminopropanoic acid. Unlike its counterpart α-alanine, β-alanine has no ... β-alanine > taurine ≫ alanine, L-serine > proline). There is evidence that β-alanine supplementation can increase exercise and ... β-Alanine (or beta-alanine) is a naturally occurring beta amino acid, which is an amino acid in which the amino group is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Β-Alanine

Kim H (2006). "Activity of human dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase is largely reduced by mutation at isoleucine-51 to alanine". J ... "How dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein binds dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the human pyruvate dehydrogenase ... "How dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase-binding protein binds dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase in the human pyruvate dehydrogenase ... Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD), also known as dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial, is an enzyme that in humans is ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrolipoamide_dehydrogenase

In E. coli K12 D-amino acid dehydrogenase is most active with D-alanine as its substrate, as this amino acid is the sole source ... For example, it was found that specifically D-alanine dehydrogenases from E. coli and P. aeruginosa would lose most of their ... Solubilized D-amino acid dehydrogenase tends to increase its affinity for D-alanine, D-asparagine, and D- α {\displaystyle \ ... Obtaining D-Amino Acid Dehydrogenase In one study, in order to test the viability of using D-amino dehydrogenase in synthesis ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D-amino_acid_dehydrogenase

This enzyme participates in urea cycle and metabolism of amino groups and beta-alanine metabolism. It has 2 cofactors: FAD, and ... IIE2a Speridine dehydrogenase". Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 36: 225-226. Biology portal v t e. ... In enzymology, a spermidine dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.99.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction spermidine + acceptor ... "Identification of flavin adenine dinucleotide and heme in a homogeneous spermidine dehydrogenase from Serratia marcescens". J. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spermidine_dehydrogenase

This enzyme participates in the urea cycle and the metabolism of amino groups and beta-alanine. Callewaert, Denis M.; ... ABAL dehydrogenase, 4-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase, 4-aminobutanal dehydrogenase, gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase, 1 ... In enzymology, an aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 4- ... Prieto MI, Martin J, Balana-Fouce R, Garrido-Pertierra A (1987). "Properties of gamma-aminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase from ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aminobutyraldehyde_dehydrogenase

Methylmalonate semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency is characterized by elevated beta-alanine, 3-hydroxypropionic acid, and ... demonstration of defective valine and beta-alanine metabolism and reduced malonic semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity in ... "CoA-dependent methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, a unique member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily. cDNA ... "CoA-dependent methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, a unique member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase superfamily. cDNA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde_dehydrogenase_6_family,_member_A1

N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone), superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase, class 3 ... aldehyde dehydrogenase, glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, and tissue kallikrein (function unknown) Cells: possibly as many as 8 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva

... and dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+). This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: pyrimidine metabolism, beta-alanine ... Other names in common use include dehydrogenase, dihydrouracil, dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, dihydrothymine dehydrogenase, ... In enzymology, a dihydrouracil dehydrogenase (NAD+) (EC 1.3.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5,6- ... Purification and properties of dihydrouracil dehydrogenase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 227 (2): 693-700. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dihydrouracil_dehydrogenase_(NAD )

In the first step, α-ketoglutarate, ammonia and NADH are converted by glutamate dehydrogenase to glutamate, NAD+ and water. In ... Fermentation routes to L-alanine are complicated by alanine racemase. Racemic alanine can be prepared by the condensation of ... is so-called alanine scanning, where every position in turn is mutated to alanine. Hydrogenation of alanine give the amino ... forming alanine and α-ketoglutarate. The alanine enters the bloodstream, and is transported to the liver. The alanine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine

The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-(D-1-carboxyethyl)-beta-alanine:NAD+ oxidoreductase (beta-alanine-forming). Sato ... Beta-alanopine dehydrogenase (EC 1.5.1.26) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction beta-alanopine + NAD+ + H2O ⇌ {\ ... displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } beta-alanine + pyruvate + NADH + H+ The 3 substrates of this enzyme are beta-alanopine, ... nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ion, and water, whereas its 4 products are beta-alanine, pyruvate, nicotinamide adenine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta-alanopine_dehydrogenase

... then transaminated by alanine aminotransferase into lactate-derived pyruvate to form alanine, which is exported to astrocytes. ... The ammonia fixed as part of the glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme reaction in the neurons is transaminated into α-ketoisocaproate ... In the opposite direction of the amino acid, a corresponding molecule is transported; for alanine this molecule is lactate; for ... The ammonia produced in neurons is fixed into α-ketoglutarate by the glutamate-dehydrogenase reaction to form glutamate, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamate–glutamine_cycle

... beta-alanine metabolism, glycerolipid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, 1,2-dichloroethane degradation, propanoate metabolism, 3 ... NAD-aldehyde dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent 4-hydroxynonenal dehydrogenase, NAD-dependent aldehyde dehydrogenase, NAD-linked ... Other names in common use include CoA-independent aldehyde dehydrogenase, m-methylbenzaldehyde dehydrogenase, ... aldehyde dehydrogenase, propionaldehyde dehydrogenase, and aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD). This enzyme participates in 17 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aldehyde_dehydrogenase_(NAD )

The pyrimidine bases uracil and thymine are degraded via the consecutive action of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DHPDH), ... dihydropyrimidinase (DHP) and beta-ureidopropionase (UP) to beta-alanine and beta-aminoisobutyric acid, respectively. UP ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UPB1

... glutamate dehydrogenase (GlDH), EC 1.4.1.2 glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), also called alanine transaminase (ALT), EC ... the malate dehydrogenase reaction and the malate decarboxylase reaction. Due to low glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamate ... and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH; EC 1.1.1.27) according to the following equations: malate + NAD(P)+→ pyruvate + NAD(P)H + H+ + ... alanine and citrate. Glutaminolysis partially recruits reaction steps from the citric acid cycle and the malate-aspartate ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutaminolysis

The systematic name of this enzyme class is N-methyl-L-alanine:NADP+ oxidoreductase (demethylating, deaminating). Lin MC, ... In enzymology, a N-methylalanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.17) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction N-methyl-L- ... H+ The 3 substrates of this enzyme are N-methyl-L-alanine, H2O, and NADP+, whereas its 4 products are pyruvate, methylamine, ... Wagner C (1975). "Purification and characterization of N-methylalanine dehydrogenase". J. Biol. Chem. 250 (10): 3746-51. PMID ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-methylalanine_dehydrogenase

The resulting Pyruvate is transaminated to alanine, diffucing to the mesophyll. Alanine is finally transaminated to pyruvate ( ... This cycle bypasses the reaction of malate dehydrogenase in the mesophyll and therefore does not transfer reducing equivalents ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C4_carbon_fixation

PheA uses a simple dehydrogenase to convert prephenate to phenylpyruvate, while TyrA uses a NAD-dependent dehydrogenase to make ... Alanine is produced by the transamination of one molecule of pyruvate using two alternate steps: 1) conversion of glutamate to ... Relevant enzymes include aspartokinase, aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, homoserine dehydrogenase, homoserine O- ... Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase is regulated by the concentration of serine in the cell. At high concentrations this enzyme will ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_synthesis

Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl-CoA and CO2 by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). The PDC contains multiple copies of ... Lactate formation is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase in a reversible reaction. Lactate can also be used as an indirect ... low Km transporter to bring it into the mitochondrial matrix for oxidation by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. ... Alanine Branched-chain. amino acids Aspartate. group Homoserine. group. & lysine Glutamate. group. & proline ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerobic_respiration

... pyruvate is either converted into alanine via alanine aminotransferase or converted into lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase; ... Thiamine (vitamin B1) may be given if pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency is known or suspected. The symptoms of lactic acidosis ... Laboratory findings of lactic acidosis or acidemia and hyperalaninemia (elevated levels of alanine in the blood) can also ... Leigh syndrome can also be caused by deficiency of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), most commonly involving a PDHC ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigh_disease

... is enzymatically oxidized to yield taurine by hypotaurine dehydrogenase.[2] Hypotaurine (3) is an intermediate in ... Agonists: β-Alanine. *β-ABA (BABA). *β-AIBA. *Caesium. *D-Alanine. *D-Serine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypotaurine

It is formed by the oxidation of succinate by the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. Fumarate is then converted by the enzyme ... tryptophan→alanine→. *N'-Formylkynurenine. *Kynurenine. *Anthranilic acid. *3-Hydroxykynurenine. *3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid ... in eukaryotic organisms from succinate in complex 2 of the electron transport chain via the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase. It ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E297

P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) is a 33 kDa oxidoreductase [EC 1.1.1.27].[14] It is the last enzyme of the ... The histidine-rich protein II (HRP II) is a histidine- and alanine-rich, water-soluble protein, which is localized in several ... Glutamate dehydrogenase provides an oxidizable carbon source used for the production of energy as well as a reduced electron ... Bzik DJ, Fox BA, Gonyer K (1993). "Expression of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase in Escherichia coli". Mol Biochem ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaria_antigen_detection_tests

In bacteria, carbon monoxide is produced via the reduction of carbon dioxide by the enzyme carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, an Fe ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide

ALP and GGT levels will typically rise with one pattern while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase ( ... glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, pyruvate kinase deficiency, ABO/Rh blood type autoantibodies, or infantile ... and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency can lead to increased red cell lysis and therefore hemolytic jaundice. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaundice

Zinc required for several enzymes such as carboxypeptidase, liver alcohol dehydrogenase, and carbonic anhydrase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nutrition

The sulfide in iron-sulfur clusters and in nitrogenase is extracted from cysteine, which is converted to alanine in the process ... Examples include zinc in zinc fingers and alcohol dehydrogenase, copper in the blue copper proteins, iron in cytochrome P450, ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E920

... namely acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, enoyl-CoA hydratase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, and thiolase. The cycle produces a new ... The oxidative conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA is referred to as the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction. It is catalyzed by ... Acetyl-CoA serves as an allosteric regulator of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK). It regulates through the ratio of acetyl- ... Ethanol also serves as a carbon source for acetylation of CoA utilizing the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase.[8] ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl_coa

Isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase. References[edit]. *^ a b c Wilson JM, Fitschen PJ, Campbell B, Wilson GJ, Zanchi N, Taylor ... Alanine. Pyruvate. Muscle: α-Ketoisocaproate (α-KIC). Liver: α-Ketoisocaproate (α-KIC) ... whereas the dehydrogenase enzyme is found exclusively in the mitochondrion (Sabourin and Bieber 1981, 1983). Importantly, this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isovaleryl-CoA

from alanine (Alanine cycle):. *Alanine transaminase. from glycerol:. *Glycerol kinase. *Glycerol dehydrogenase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose_6-phosphatase

... is also a metabolic product of amino acid deamination catalyzed by enzymes such as glutamate dehydrogenase 1. Ammonia ... and the reaction of ammonia with 2-bromopropanoic acid has been used to prepare racemic alanine in 70% yield. Ethanolamine is ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonia

The critical enzyme step is two-fold using a 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and a Δ5-4 isomerase. The latter transfers the ... Agonists: β-Alanine. *β-ABA (BABA). *β-AIBA. *Caesium. *D-Alanine. *D-Serine ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pregnenolone

Alanine + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ pyruvate + glutamate. Aspartate + α-ketoglutarate ⇌ oxaloacetate + glutamate. Both pyruvate and ... Glutamate undergoes deamination, an oxidative reaction catalysed by glutamate dehydrogenase,[15] as follows: glutamate + H2O + ... "Glutamate dehydrogenase of the germinating triticale seeds: Gene expression, activity distribution and kinetic characteristics ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamic_acid

... inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase, and thus slows the metabolism of ethanol.[29] It also inhibits metabolism of ... Theanine; Glycine site agonists: β-Fluoro-D-alanine. *ACBD. *ACC (ACPC). *ACPD ... "Diethyl Ether Inhibits Ethanol Metabolism in Vivo by Interaction with Alcohol Dehydrogenase". Alcoholism: Clinical and ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethylether

Adh: Alcohol dehydrogenase- Drosophila melanogaster can express the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) mutation, thereby preventing ... This occurs due to the fly's inability to create beta-alanine, a beta amino acid.[48] The phenotypic expression of this ... "Alpha-ketoglutarate reduces ethanol toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster by enhancing alcohol dehydrogenase activity and ... "Drosophila melanogaster alcohol dehydrogenase: mechanism of aldehyde oxidation and dismutation". The Biochemical Journal. 329 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster

Alanine, glycine, and serine bind to the glutamate substrate site. GDP, AMP, ADP bind to the ATP site.[6] L-serine, L-alanine, ... 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase. *Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase. *Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase ... "Feedback inhibition of fully unadenylylated glutamine synthetase from Salmonella typhimurium by glycine, alanine, and serine" ... Other inhibitors/regulators are glycine and alanine. ... Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex. *Enoyl- ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glutamine_synthetase

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (E1, E2, E3). *(regulated by Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and Pyruvate dehydrogenase ... De-aminated alanine, cysteine, glycine, serine, and threonine are converted to pyruvate and can consequently either enter the ... inhibits pyruvate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and also citrate synthase. Acetyl-coA ... Calcium also activates isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase.[34] This increases the reaction rate of many ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citric_acid_cycle

GABA can also be synthesized from putrescine[48][49] by diamine oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase.[48] ... Succinic semialdehyde is then oxidized into succinic acid by succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and as such enters the citric ... Inhibitors: β-Alanine. *Bafilomycin A1. *Chicago sky blue 6B. *Evans blue. *GABA ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Aminobutyric_acid

The reaction is catalysed by the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase.[13] ... fermentation also produces succinate and alanine.[9]:141 ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermentation

Glyoxylate is then oxidized by hepatic lactate dehydrogenase to oxalate in an NAD+-dependent reaction.[26] ... Theanine; Glycine site agonists: β-Fluoro-D-alanine. *ACBD. *ACC (ACPC). *ACPD ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycine

3-phosphoglycerate → 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate (3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase) → 3-phosphoserine (aminotransferase) → Serine ... Alanine CH3- Pyruvate → Alanine (aminotransferase) Valine§. (CH3)2-CH- Hydroxyethyl-TPP + Pyruvate → α-acetolactate → Valine ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_metabolism

In animals, L-lactate is constantly produced from pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in a process of ... Alanine cycle. *Biodegradable plastic. *Cori cycle. *Dental caries. *MCT1, a lactate transporter ...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Α-Hydroxypropionic_acid

It is formed from isovaleryl-coenzyme A by isovaleryl coenzyme A dehydrogenase. ... Alanine. Pyruvate. Muscle: α-Ketoisocaproate (α-KIC). Liver: α-Ketoisocaproate (α-KIC) ... whereas the dehydrogenase enzyme is found exclusively in the mitochondrion (Sabourin and Bieber 1981, 1983). Importantly, this ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylcrotonyl-CoA

LDH=Lactate dehydrogenase, Uric acid=Uric acid, AST=Aspartate aminotransferase, ALT=Alanine aminotransferase, Plt=Platelets, Cr ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-eclampsia

... alanines. Humans express one kynureninase enzyme that is encoded by the KYNU gene located on chromosome 2.[6][7] ... 3-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase. *Branched-chain amino acid aminotransferase. *Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kynureninase

... it is a first-line therapy in children with certain congenital metabolic diseases such as pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keto_diet

L-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-linked alanine dehydrogenase, alpha-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent alanine dehydrogenase, ... alanine oxidoreductase, and NADH-dependent alanine dehydrogenase. T Alanine dehydrogenase contains both a N-terminus and C- ... Alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-alanine + H2O + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \ ... OConnor RJ, Halvorson H (March 1961). "The substrate specificity of L-alanine dehydrogenase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. ...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alanine_dehydrogenase

Alanine dehydrogenase catalyzes the NAD-dependent reversible reductive amination of pyruvate into alanine. Pyridine nucleotide ... Alanine dehydrogenases (EC:1.4.1.1) and pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase (EC:1.6.1.1) have been shown to share regions of ... The sequence of alanine dehydrogenase from several bacterial species are related with those of the alpha subunit of bacterial ... Alanine dehydrogenase/pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase, conserved site-2 (IPR008143). Short name: Ala_DH/PNT_CS2 ...

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR008143

Structure of alanine dehydrogenase from Archaeoglobus: active site analysis and relation to bacterial cyclodeaminases and ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/materialsAndMethods.do?structureId=1OMO

L Alanine Dehydrogenase. An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible Deamination of L-Alanine to PYRUVATE and Ammonia ... The enzyme is needed for Growth when Alanine is the sole Carbon or Nitrogen source. It may also play a Role in Cell Wall ... synthesis because L-Alanine is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer. ...

http://www.online-medical-dictionary.org/definitions-l/l-alanine-dehydrogenase.html

... Tan Ling ... Tan Ling Ling, Musa Ahmad, and Lee Yook Heng, "An Amperometric Biosensor Based on Alanine Dehydrogenase for the Determination ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/js/2011/980709/cta/

... Tan Ling ... ion detection by immobilising alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) enzyme in a photocurable methacrylic membrane made up of poly(2- ...

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/js/2011/980709/abs/

The 40-kDa antigen of M. tuberculosis, which is an alanine dehydrogenase, is a species-specific antigen that is potentially ... Host vector system for high-level expression and purification of recombinant, enzymatically active alanine dehydrogenase of ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9661660?dopt=Abstract

... dependent oxidative deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate, and the reverse reaction, the reductive amination of pyruvate. Its ... alanine dehydrogenase activity Source: UniProtKB ,p>Inferred from Direct Assay,/p> ,p>Used to indicate a direct assay for the ... "A novel archaeal alanine dehydrogenase homologous to ornithine cyclodeaminase and mu-crystallin.". Schroder I., Vadas A., ... "A novel archaeal alanine dehydrogenase homologous to ornithine cyclodeaminase and mu-crystallin.". Schroder I., Vadas A., ...

https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O28608

... and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been achieved by the intein-mediated in ... and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been achieved by the intein-mediated in ... For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond ... Peptide Bond Formation Between the Hetrosubunits of ω-Transaminase, Alanine Dehydrogenase, and Formate Dehydrogenase Through ...

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2020.00686/full

Plasma concentrations of 5-FU and F-β-alanine (FBAL) were measured for pharmacokinetic analysis, and the plasma uracil ... a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) inhibitory fluoropyrimidine, were compared with those of protracted venous infusion ( ... Plasma concentrations of 5-fluorouracil and F-β-alanine following oral administration of S-1, a dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase ... Comparison of pharmacokinetics of 5-FU and alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine, a metabolite of 5-FU, in plasma after administration of ...

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Plasma-concentrations-of-5-fluorouracil-and-oral-of-Yamada-Hamaguchi/a913015130ab2959679361d2f769b2f6d39eb33e

... ion biosensor based on alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) was investigated. The approach of the study was based on construction of ... of multilayer gold nanoparticles on the electrochemical response of ammonium ion biosensor based on alanine dehydrogenase ... of multilayer gold nanoparticles on the electrochemical response of ammonium ion biosensor based on alanine dehydrogenase ...

http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/95226

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https://shop.bachem.com/inhibitors-and-substrates/alanine-dehydrogenase/alanine-dehydrogenase-inhibitors.html

Structure of alanine dehydrogenase from Archaeoglobus: active site analysis and relation to bacterial cyclodeaminases and ... alanine dehydrogenase A, B 322 Archaeoglobus fulgidus EC#: 1.4.1.1 IUBMB Gene Name(s): ala AF_1665 ...

http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/biologyAndChemistry.do?structureId=1OMO

Glutamic and Alanine Dehydrogenase Determined by One Gene in Neurospora Crassa *R. R. BÜRK ... Rights & permissionsfor article Glutamic and Alanine Dehydrogenase Determined by One Gene in ,i,Neurospora Crassa,/i, . Opens ...

https://www.nature.com/search?author=%22R.%20Burk%22&error=cookies_not_supported&code=de259f88-8934-4903-a12e-4d35cabcbdf9

L-Alanine dehydrogenase is an A-stereospecific dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate ... L-Alanine Dehydrogenase; Alanine dehydrogenase; EC 1.4.1.1; 9029-06-5; AlaDH; NAD+-linked alanine dehydrogenase; alpha-alanine ... L-Alanine dehydrogenase is an A-stereospecific dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate ... L-Alanine dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis has a predominately ordered kinetic mechanism in which NAD binds before L- ...

https://www.creative-enzymes.com/product/Alanine-Dehydrogenase-From-Bacillus-Cereus-Recombinant_1712.html

Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase, Alanine Aminopeptidase, and Lactate Dehydrogenase. GGT, AAP, and LDH are brush border enzymes ...

https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1925619-overview

Alanine dehydrogenase Pages 1-26 * Glutamate dehydrogenase Pages 27-42 * Glutamate dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] ...

https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/3-540-37646-1

... encoding alanine dehydrogenase, is a pseudogene, therefore blocking the conversion of alanine to pyruvate. ... PGL, phenolic glycolipid; G3P, glycerol 3-phosphate; DHAP, dihydroxyacetone phosphate; PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate; Ald, alanine ...

https://www.pnas.org/content/100/13/7877?ijkey=fc9bfa59d442b26fca83901e55f06d444c2c95fc&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha

Alanine dehydrogenase/PNT, C-terminal domain. This family now also contains the lysine 2-oxoglutarate reductases. ...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=pfam01262

Inagaki, K. (2010). Identification and Purification of an L-Alanine Dehydrogenase Homolog that Catalyzes the Formation of L- ... Inagaki, K 2010, Identification and Purification of an L-Alanine Dehydrogenase Homolog that Catalyzes the Formation of L- ... Identification and Purification of an L-Alanine Dehydrogenase Homolog that Catalyzes the Formation of L-Ornithine Lactam from ... Identification and Purification of an L-Alanine Dehydrogenase Homolog that Catalyzes the Formation of L-Ornithine Lactam from ...

https://okayama.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/identification-and-purification-of-an-l-alanine-dehydrogenase-hom

To confirm this hypothesis, we developed a new parameter with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and LDH: the ALT-LDH index ... we hypothesized that the production of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) might increase in the liver under hypoxic conditions ... From: A new parameter using serum lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase level is useful for predicting the ...

https://comparative-hepatology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-5926-7-6/tables/1

Objectives: To assess the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase ( ... aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. Authors: C H Rajeesha, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, India, IN Profiles: ... Estimation of biomarkers in asphyxiated full term neonates with special reference to serum lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate ... Estimation of biomarkers in asphyxiated full term neonates with special reference to serum lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate ...

https://sljch.sljol.info/articles/abstract/10.4038/sljch.v49i2.8964/

The use of the enzyme alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) for the determination. Posted on July 23, 2017. by Jose Wallace ... In this work, weve utilized alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) to create a biosensor for the perseverance of NH4+ buy 315-30-0 ion ... The use of the enzyme alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) for the determination of ammonium ion (NH4+) usually requires the addition ... The idea of the biosensor predicated on AlaDH may be the reversible amination of pyruvate to L-alanine by AlaDH in the current ...

https://stopvivisection.info/the-use-of-the-enzyme-alanine-dehydrogenase-aladh-for-the-determination/

Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen ... Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen ... Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen ... NAD(H)-dependent L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) (Aid) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-alanine and the reductive ...

https://experts.nebraska.edu/en/publications/mycobacterium-smegmatis-l-alanine-dehydrogenase-ald-is-required-f

... the alanine aminotransferase/glutamate dehydrogenase cycle mobilizes this carbon from alanine store. Pyruvate produced by the ... reverse reaction of alanine aminotransferase is funneled to the TCA cycle, while deaminating glutamate dehydrogenase ... We propose a model showing (i) how pyruvate derived from active glycolysis upon hypoxia is competitively used by the alanine ... aminotransferase/glutamate synthase cycle, leading to alanine accumulation and NAD+ regeneration. Carbon is then saved in a ...

http://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/5/2/25

L-Alanine Dehydrogenase 1.4.1.1. Alcohol Dehydrogenase 1.1.1.1. Alcohol Dehydrogenase, NADP+ Dependent 1.1.1.2. ... R)-Aromatic Alcohol Dehydrogenase, NADP+ Dependent (EC 1.1.1.2) 1.1.1.2. (S)-Aromatic Alcohol Dehydrogenase, NADP+ Dependent ( ...

https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/metabolomics/enzyme-explorer/learning-center/assay-library.html

... but not on L-alanine. Participates in the utilization of L-alanine and D-alanine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and ... Has broad substrate specificity; is mostly active on D-alanine, and to a lesser extent, on several other D-amino acids such as ... D-amino acid dehydrogenase (dadA). This subpathway is part of the pathway D-alanine degradation, which is itself part of Amino- ... but not on L-alanine. Participates in the utilization of L-alanine and D-alanine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and ...

http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0A6J5

Alanine Dehydrogenase. An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible DEAMINATION of L-ALANINE to PYRUVATE and AMMONIA. ... β-alanine Supplementation on Knee Extensor Contractile and Force Properties. Carnosine (made by bonding β-alanine and histidine ... Alanine Transaminase. An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of L-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate to pyruvate and L-glutamate. ( ... Effect of β-alanine Supplementation on Muscle Carnosine. Carnosine is a natural acid buffering substance of muscle. The primary ...

https://www.bioportfolio.com/resources/pmarticle/2478049/The-D-alanyl-d-alanine-carboxypeptidase-enzyme-is-essential-for-virulence-in.html

NR indicates not reported; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase.. Tables. Table 3. Comparison of Clinical ...

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/551274_2

Alanine dehydrogenase/pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase, N-terminal (IPR007886) Member database. SMART. SMART (a Simple ...

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/signature/SM01003

To assess the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) among asphyxiated term neonates at birth (in cord blood), 0-4 hours and 18 to 24 hours after birth, to compare their levels in 3 grades of asphyxia, to correlate the values with the severity of asphyxia and to ascertain the best time interval for their estimation. (sljol.info)
The administration of SAME and silymarin significantly lowered the CCl 4 -induced serum levels of hepatic marker enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase), cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides while elevating high-density lipoprotein levels. (biomedcentral.com)
Lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) is an enzyme ( EC 1.1.1.27) present in a wide variety of organisms, including plants and animals. (bionity.com)
The enzyme is also found in cerebrospinal fluid where high levels of lactate dehydrogenase in cerebrospinal fluid are often associated with bacterial meningitis . (bionity.com)
Glycolysis-derived pyruvate can be converted to lactate and alanine or it generates acetyl-CoA through pyruvate dehydrogenase - a key step in the Krebs cycle. (scielo.br)
Carbon dioxide may be the major end-product of glucose metabolism in many cells but lactate or alanine may also be major end-products in conditions of low oxygen tension or alternative cellular requirements. (scielo.br)
Flumequine increased the plasma activities of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. (inchem.org)
May also cause erroneous results on some laboratory tests, such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and triglycerides. (drugs.com)
Liver function tests look at the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and bilirubin. (cancer.ca)
Thirteen patients had mild serum elevations of liver enzymes aspartase aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase. (cdc.gov)
Laboratory data of the fluid included 130 mg/dl glucose, 3.9 g/dl total protein, 283 IU/l lactate dehydrogenase, and 7.1 IU/l adenosine deaminase. (bmj.com)
Liver damage is demonstrated by increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities. (ispub.com)
Serum activities of the hepatic enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase were used as biochemical markers of hepatotoxicity. (unboundmedicine.com)
ECMO also increased relative flux from lactate to alanine further supporting the role for pyruvate dehydrogenase inhibition by PDK4. (biomedsearch.com)

We propose a model showing (i) how pyruvate derived from active glycolysis upon hypoxia is competitively used by the alanine aminotransferase/glutamate synthase cycle, leading to alanine accumulation and NAD + regeneration. (mdpi.com)
ii) During the post-hypoxia recovery period, the alanine aminotransferase/glutamate dehydrogenase cycle mobilizes this carbon from alanine store. (mdpi.com)
Pyruvate produced by the reverse reaction of alanine aminotransferase is funneled to the TCA cycle, while deaminating glutamate dehydrogenase regenerates, reducing equivalent (NADH) and 2-oxoglutarate to maintain the cycle function. (mdpi.com)
Diab H, Limami AM. Reconfiguration of N Metabolism upon Hypoxia Stress and Recovery: Roles of Alanine Aminotransferase (AlaAT) and Glutamate Dehydrogenase (GDH). (mdpi.com)
ALT, alanine aminotransferase. (medscape.com)
What is the only other tissue (aside from the liver) that may leak Alanine Aminotransferase? (sporcle.com)
The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test is a blood test that checks for liver damage. (webmd.com)
The following Neurotropin Alanine Aminotransferase Increased side effect reports were submitted by healthcare professionals and consumers. (patientsville.com)
This information will help you understand how side effects, such as Alanine Aminotransferase Increased, can occur, and what you can do about them. (patientsville.com)
This Alanine Aminotransferase Increased side effect was reported by a consumer or non-health professional from JAPAN. (patientsville.com)
This Alanine Aminotransferase Increased Neurotropin side effect was reported by a physician from JAPAN on Jan 27, 2011. (patientsville.com)

Other names in common use include AlaDH, L-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-linked alanine dehydrogenase, alpha-alanine dehydrogenase, NAD+-dependent alanine dehydrogenase, alanine oxidoreductase, and NADH-dependent alanine dehydrogenase. (wikipedia.org)
For the multimeric enzymes R-ω-transaminase (RTA), alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH), and formate dehydrogenase (FDH), peptide bond formation between the hetrosubunits has been achieved by the intein-mediated in vivo subunit splicing. (frontiersin.org)
Herein, we pay attention to another approach using an alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) to cooperate with R -ω-transaminase (RTA). (frontiersin.org)
It is speculated that for efficient conversion of those ketones, the amine donor alanine and coproduct pyruvate as well as NADH and NAD + must be efficiently transferred between RTA and AlaDH and between AlaDH and FDH, respectively. (frontiersin.org)
Shifting the equilibrium in RTA catalyzed reactions with alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) in combination with formate dehydrogenase (FDH). (frontiersin.org)
The use of multilayer of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) attached on gold electrode surface via thiol chemistry to fabricate an ammonium (NH 4 +) ion biosensor based on alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) was investigated. (nus.edu.sg)
The use of the enzyme alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) for the determination of ammonium ion (NH4+) usually requires the addition of pyruvate substrate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) simultaneously to effect the reaction. (stopvivisection.info)
In this work, we've utilized alanine dehydrogenase (AlaDH) to create a biosensor for the perseverance of NH4+ buy 315-30-0 ion. (stopvivisection.info)
The idea of the biosensor predicated on AlaDH may be the reversible amination of pyruvate to L-alanine by AlaDH in the current presence of NADH co-factor and NH4+ ion (Equation (1)) [20C22]. (stopvivisection.info)
AlaDh_PNT_N, Alanine dehydrogenase/PNT, N-terminal domain. (inra.fr)

Alanine dehydrogenases ( EC:1.4.1.1 ) and pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase ( EC:1.6.1.1 ) have been shown to share regions of similarity [ PMID: 8439307 ]. (ebi.ac.uk)
The sequence of alanine dehydrogenase from several bacterial species are related with those of the alpha subunit of bacterial pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and of the N-terminal half of the eukaryotic enzyme. (ebi.ac.uk)
Similarities between alanine dehydrogenase and the N-terminal part of pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and their possible implication in the virulence mechanism of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. (ebi.ac.uk)
This entry represents a domain found in alanine dehydrogenase and pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase, containing the glycine-rich region. (embl.de)

Tan Ling Ling, Musa Ahmad, and Lee Yook Heng, "An Amperometric Biosensor Based on Alanine Dehydrogenase for the Determination of Low Level of Ammonium Ion in Water," Journal of Sensors , vol. 2011, Article ID 980709, 10 pages, 2011. (hindawi.com)

Alanine dehydrogenase catalyzes the NAD-dependent reversible reductive amination of pyruvate into alanine. (ebi.ac.uk)
Catalyzes the NAD + -dependent oxidative deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate, and the reverse reaction, the reductive amination of pyruvate. (uniprot.org)
Formate dehydrogenase is integrated into the network to recycle NADH, which is needed for the reductive amination of pyruvate to alanine. (frontiersin.org)
NAD(H)-dependent L-alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) (Aid) catalyzes the oxidative deamination of L-alanine and the reductive amination of pyruvate. (nebraska.edu)

This is confirmed by the presence of glutamine synthetase, glutamate synthase, and alanine dehydrogenase. (wikipedia.org)

Alanine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-alanine + H2O + NAD+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } pyruvate + NH3 + NADH + H+ The 2 substrates of this enzyme are L-alanine, water, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+ because water is 55M and does not change, whereas its 4 products are pyruvate, ammonia, NADH, and hydrogen ion. (wikipedia.org)
L-alanine + H 2 O + NAD + = pyruvate + NH 3 + NADH. (uniprot.org)

Yeast alcohol dehydrogenase was used for removing the coproduct acetone to displace the equilibrium. (frontiersin.org)

In contrast, the glycine dehydrogenase (EC 1.4.1.10) (Gdh) activity in mutant cells remained at wild-type levels, indicating that another enzyme protein is responsible for the physiologically relevant reductive amination of glyoxylate. (nebraska.edu)
The two enzymes involved in lysinebreakdown, lysine 2-oxoglutarate reductase (also known as lysinea-ketoglutarate reductase) and saccharopine dehydrogenase exist as asingle bifunctional protein, with the former activity being regulated bylysine availability, calcium and phosphorylation/ dephosphorylation. (embl.de)
Rapid upregulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK4) protein appeared to participate in this metabolic shift during ECMO. (biomedsearch.com)

Host vector system for high-level expression and purification of recombinant, enzymatically active alanine dehydrogenase of Mycobacterium tuberculo. (nih.gov)
In Mycobacterium tuberculosis , the causative agent of TB, alanine racemase plays an essential role in cell wall synthesis as it racemizes L-alanine into D-alanine, a key building block in the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

This signature corresponds to the central glycine-rich region which is part of the NAD(H)-binding site, it is found in alanine dehydrogenases ( EC:1.4.1.1 ) and also in the lysine 2-oxoglutarate reductases. (ebi.ac.uk)

Abnormalities include hereditary cell membrane disorders (eg, hereditary spherocytosis ), acquired cell membrane disorders (eg, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ), disorders of RBC metabolism (eg, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency ), and hemoglobinopathies (eg, sickle cell disease , thalassemias ). (merckmanuals.com)

Biochemical characterization and mutational analysis of alanine racemase from Clostridium perfringens. (bioportfolio.com)
In an effort to discover new drugs to treat tuberculosis (TB) we chose alanine racemase as the target of our drug discovery efforts. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
To obtain non-substrate alanine racemase inhibitors, we developed a high-throughput screening platform and screened 53,000 small molecule compounds for enzyme-specific inhibitors. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
We identified seventeen novel non-substrate alanine racemase inhibitors that are structurally different than any currently known enzyme inhibitors. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
This study highlights the feasibility of obtaining novel alanine racemase inhibitor lead compounds by high-throughput screening for development of new anti-TB agents. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Due to its essential nature, coupled with the absence of a human homolog, alanine racemase has long been an attractive drug target. (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
We have previously reported the crystal structure of the M. tuberculosis alanine racemase [17] . (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)
Organization and expression of the Escherichia coli K-12 dad operon encoding the smaller subunit of D-amino acid dehydrogenase and the catabolic alanine racemase. (asm.org)

An NAD-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the reversible Deamination of L-Alanine to PYRUVATE and Ammonia . (online-medical-dictionary.org)

L-Alanine dehydrogenase is an A-stereospecific dehydrogenase that catalyzes the reversible deamination of L-alanine to pyruvate and ammonium. (creative-enzymes.com)
Inagaki, K 2010, ' Identification and Purification of an L-Alanine Dehydrogenase Homolog that Catalyzes the Formation of L-Ornithine Lactam from Streptomyces incarnatus Sinefungin-Producing NRRL8089 ', Actinomycetologica , vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 63-65. (elsevier.com)
This enzyme catalyzes the racemization of L-alanine to D-alanine, which is an essential precursor for the pentapeptide cross-bridge of the peptidoglycan layer in bacterial cell wall [15] , [16] . (pubmedcentralcanada.ca)

3. Fields, J.H.A. and Hochachka, P.W. Purification and properties of alanopine dehydrogenase from the adductor muscle of the oyster, Crassostrea gigas (Mollusca, Bivalvia). (qmul.ac.uk)

Predictors of mortality included advanced age, the presence of comorbidities, and a high lactic dehydrogenase or high neutrophil count at admission. (sccm.org)

L-Alanine dehydrogenase from Bacillus subtilis has a predominately ordered kinetic mechanism in which NAD binds before L-alanine. (creative-enzymes.com)

Catabolic function of compartmentalized alanine dehydrogenase in the heterocyst-forming cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. (semanticscholar.org)

The 40-kDa antigen of M. tuberculosis, which is an alanine dehydrogenase, is a species-specific antigen that is potentially useful for strain identification. (nih.gov)
Finally, we discover that alanine dehydrogenase is involved in ammonium assimilation in M. tuberculosis , in addition to its essential role in alanine utilisation as a nitrogen source. (elifesciences.org)

The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-alanine:NAD+ oxidoreductase (deaminating). (wikipedia.org)

In summary, the phenotypes displayed by the M. smegmatis ald mutants suggest that Aid plays an important role in both alanine utilization and anaerobic growth. (nebraska.edu)
Participates in the utilization of L-alanine and D-alanine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy for growth. (uniprot.org)

At 37°C, a glutamate dehydrogenase was transcriptionally up-regulated, and further proved its involvement in validamycin production by gene replacement. (biomedcentral.com)

It may also play a Role in Cell Wall synthesis because L-Alanine is an important constituent of the PEPTIDOGLYCAN layer. (online-medical-dictionary.org)

A few biosensors for the amperometric dedication of NH4+ ion utilizing glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) have been reported where the enzyme was immobilized onto the operating electrode in several ways [17C19]. (stopvivisection.info)

Oxidation of 3,4-dehydro-D-proline and other D-amino acid analogues by D-alanine dehydrogenase from Escherichia coli. (uniprot.org)

In this approach, alanine is used as amine donor. (frontiersin.org)

In exponentially growing cells under aerobic conditions, supplementation with alanine resulted in a 25- to 50-fold increase in the enzyme activity. (nebraska.edu)
In the absence of alanine supplementation, 23-fold-higher Aid activities were observed in cells grown exponentially under anaerobic conditions. (nebraska.edu)

EC 1.5.1.22 strombine dehydrogenase). (qmul.ac.uk)

Inhibition of Pantothenate Synthetase by Analogs of β-Alanine Precursor Ineffective as an Antibacterial Strategy. (bioportfolio.com)

The ald mutants grew poorly in minimal medium with L-alanine as the sole nitrogen source, reaching a saturation density 100-fold less than that of the wild-type strain. (nebraska.edu)
The D-alanyl-d-alanine carboxypeptidase enzyme is essential for virulence in the Schu S4 strain of Francisella tularensis and a dacD mutant is able to provide protection against a pneumonic challenge. (bioportfolio.com)

The enzyme is needed for Growth when Alanine is the sole Carbon or Nitrogen source. (online-medical-dictionary.org)

Anatomy3

Organisms11

Diseases5

Chemicals and Drugs20

Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment1

Phenomena and Processes6

Disciplines and Occupations1

Information Science6

Health Care1

Cold-adapted alanine dehydrogenases from two antarctic bacterial strains: gene cloning, protein characterization, and comparison with mesophilic and thermophilic counterparts. (1/60)

Properties of the 40 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a functional L-alanine dehydrogenase. (2/60)

Structure and mechanism of proton-translocating transhydrogenase. (3/60)

Disruption of aldA influences the developmental process in Myxococcus xanthus. (4/60)

Protein-coding genes as molecular markers for ecologically distinct populations: the case of two Bacillus species. (5/60)

Reassessment of major products of N2 fixation by bacteroids from soybean root nodules. (6/60)

Hypoxic response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis studied by metabolic labeling and proteome analysis of cellular and extracellular proteins. (7/60)

Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen source and sustained anaerobic growth. (8/60)

Alanine Dehydrogenase

Amino Acid Oxidoreductases

Alanine Racemase

Alanine

Glycine Dehydrogenase

Ammonia

NAD

Kinetics

Substrate Specificity

Archaeoglobus fulgidus

Archaeoglobus

Dictionaries, Medical

Dictionaries as Topic

Peptidoglycan

Cell Wall

Mycobacterium bovis

Bacterial Proteins

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Antigens, Bacterial

Tuberculosis

Molecular Sequence Data

Lactams

Ornithine

Streptomyces

Mycobacterium smegmatis

Mycobacterium

Amination

D-Amino-Acid Oxidase

4-Aminobutyrate Transaminase

D-Alanine Transaminase

Rhodotorula

Stereoisomerism

Deamination

Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide

Oxygen

Plant Leaves

Plants, Genetically Modified

Droughts

Financial Support

Plant Roots

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

SARS Virus

Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus

Coronavirus Infections

Coronavirus

Communicable Diseases, Emerging

Nucleocapsid Proteins

Fatigue

Databases, Protein

Sequence Analysis, Protein

Systems Integration

Internet

Proteome

Cold-adapted alanine dehydrogenases from two antarctic bacterial strains: gene cloning, protein characterization, and comparison with mesophilic and thermophilic counterparts. (1/60)

Properties of the 40 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a functional L-alanine dehydrogenase. (2/60)

Structure and mechanism of proton-translocating transhydrogenase. (3/60)

Disruption of aldA influences the developmental process in Myxococcus xanthus. (4/60)

Protein-coding genes as molecular markers for ecologically distinct populations: the case of two Bacillus species. (5/60)

Reassessment of major products of N2 fixation by bacteroids from soybean root nodules. (6/60)

Hypoxic response of Mycobacterium tuberculosis studied by metabolic labeling and proteome analysis of cellular and extracellular proteins. (7/60)

Mycobacterium smegmatis L-alanine dehydrogenase (Ald) is required for proficient utilization of alanine as a sole nitrogen source and sustained anaerobic growth. (8/60)

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$Gentaur Molecular :Nacala \ DL‐α‐Alanine \ 01114-32$ Gentaur Molecular :Nacala \ DL‐α‐Alanine \ 01114-32

$Gentaur Molecular :Biosera \ L Alanine 25g \ PM-P1400/25$ Gentaur Molecular :Biosera \ L Alanine 25g \ PM-P1400/25