Akinetic Mutism
A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state without voluntary motor activity despite preserved sensorimotor pathways and vigilance. Bilateral FRONTAL LOBE dysfunction involving the anterior cingulate gyrus and related brain injuries are associated with this condition. This may result in impaired abilities to communicate and initiate motor activities. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p348; Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1995 Feb;63(2):59-67)
Mutism
The inability to generate oral-verbal expression, despite normal comprehension of speech. This may be associated with BRAIN DISEASES or MENTAL DISORDERS. Organic mutism may be associated with damage to the FRONTAL LOBE; BRAIN STEM; THALAMUS; and CEREBELLUM. Selective mutism is a psychological condition that usually affects children characterized by continuous refusal to speak in social situations by a child who is able and willing to speak to selected persons. Kussmal aphasia refers to mutism in psychosis. (From Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1994; 62(9):337-44)
Aggravation of brainstem symptoms caused by a large superior cerebellar artery aneurysm after embolization by Guglielmi detachable coils--case report. (1/22)
An 81-year-old male presented with right oculomotor nerve paresis and left hemiparesis caused by a mass effect of a large superior cerebellar artery aneurysm. Endovascular treatment was performed using Guglielmi detachable coils. The patient subsequently suffered aggravation of the mass effect 3 weeks after the embolization. Bilateral vertebral artery occlusion was performed, which decreased the cerebral edema surrounding the aneurysm, but his neurological symptoms did not improve. Parent artery occlusion is recommended as the first choice of treatment for an unclippable large or giant aneurysm causing a mass effect on the brainstem. (+info)Residual cerebral activity and behavioural fragments can remain in the persistently vegetative brain. (2/22)
This report identifies evidence of partially functional cerebral regions in catastrophically injured brains. To study five patients in a persistent vegetative state (PVS) with different behavioural features, we employed [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), MRI and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) responses to sensory stimulation. Each patient's brain expressed a unique metabolic pattern. In three of the five patients, co-registered PET/MRI correlate islands of relatively preserved brain metabolism with isolated fragments of behaviour. Two patients had suffered anoxic injuries and demonstrated marked decreases in overall cerebral metabolism to 30-40% of normal. Two other patients with non-anoxic, multifocal brain injuries demonstrated several isolated brain regions with relatively higher metabolic rates, that ranged up to 50-80% of normal. Nevertheless, their global metabolic rates remained <50% of normal. MEG recordings from three PVS patients provide clear evidence for the absence, abnormality or reduction of evoked responses. Despite major abnormalities, however, these data also provide evidence for localized residual activity at the cortical level. Each patient partially preserved restricted sensory representations, as evidenced by slow evoked magnetic fields and gamma band activity. In two patients, these activations correlate with isolated behavioural patterns and metabolic activity. Remaining active regions identified in the three PVS patients with behavioural fragments appear to consist of segregated corticothalamic networks that retain connectivity and partial functional integrity. A single patient who suffered severe injury to the tegmental mesencephalon and paramedian thalamus showed widely preserved cortical metabolism, and a global average metabolic rate of 65% of normal. The relatively high preservation of cortical metabolism in this patient defines the first functional correlate of clinical- pathological reports associating permanent unconsciousness with structural damage to these regions. The specific patterns of preserved metabolic activity identified in these patients do not appear to represent random survivals of a few neuronal islands; rather they reflect novel evidence of the modular nature of individual functional networks that underlie conscious brain function. The variations in cerebral metabolism in chronic PVS patients indicate that some cerebral regions can retain partial function in catastrophically injured brains. (+info)Posterior encephalopathy subsequent to cyclosporin A presenting as irreversible abulia. (3/22)
A case of cyclosporin A (Cys A)-induced posterior encephalopathy developed into persistent abulia despite rapid and marked improvement of abnormal T2- and FLAIR MRI hyperintense regions. Diffusion-weighted MRI signal intensity was also high at the onset. This change is atypical in Cys A-induced encephalopathy and was thought to predict poor recovery from the encephalopathy. Persistent abulia was probably due to marked hypoperfusion in the whole cortex including bilateral frontal lobes and basal ganglia as detected by SPECT. Apart from the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, direct toxicity of Cys A to the brain may play a role in the pathogenesis of chronic, irreversible encephalopathy. (+info)Leukoencephalopathy induced by tegafur: serial studies of somatosensory evoked potentials and cerebrospinal fluid. (4/22)
A case of leukoencephalopathy induced by tegafur, an antineoplastic derivative of 5-FU, is reported. The patient received 600 mg of tegafur p.o. for 16 days before excision of rectal cancer. After the operation, gait disturbance and mental abnormalities appeared. He became akinetic and mute within a few days following readministration of tegafur. Serial studies of brain CT, somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were made, and myelin basic proteins (MBP) in the cerebrospinal fluid were measured. The level of MBP was about twice the normal value and the central conduction time (CCT) of SEP was prolonged at admission. The value of MBP and CCT improved with recovery from akinetic mutism. (+info)Abulia following penetrating brain injury during endoscopic sinus surgery with disruption of the anterior cingulate circuit: case report. (5/22)
BACKGROUND: It is common knowledge that the frontal lobes mediate complex human behavior and that damage to these regions can cause executive dysfunction, apathy, disinhibition and personality changes. However, it is less well known that subcortical structures such as the caudate and thalamus are part of functionally segregated fronto-subcortical circuits, that can also alter behavior after injury. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 57 year old woman who suffered penetrating brain injury during endoscopic sinus surgery causing right basal ganglia injury which resulted in an abulic syndrome. CONCLUSION: Abulia does not result solely from cortical injury but can occur after disruption anywhere in the anterior cingulate circuit--in the case of our patient, most prominently at the right caudate. (+info)MRI findings from a case of fulminating adult-onset measles encephalitis. (6/22)
We report a rare case of fulminating adult-onset measles encephalitis. A 34-year-old man developed a comatose state after measles eruptions and ultimately akinetic mutism. Titers of anti-measles IgM antibodies were elevated in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 3 months after onset revealed widespread hyperintense lesions in the periventricular white matter and marginal hyperintense lesions in the brainstem on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted images. The marginal lesions in the brainstem are similar to subpial demyelinating lesions seen in postinfectious encephalomyelitis. This case of encephalitis may be related to an autoimmune-mediated process triggered by measles infection. (+info)Akinetic mutism after right internal watershed infarction. (7/22)
We describe a 72-year-old man who developed akinetic mutism following a cerebrovascular accident involving his right internal watershed area and responded well to dopaminergic agonists. We discuss this rare condition and the unusual unilateral location of the lesion. (+info)Akinetic mutism responsive to bromocriptine following subdural hematoma evacuation in a patient with hydrocephalus. (8/22)
An 11-year-old girl with obstructive hydrocephalus developed akinetic mutism after treatment for hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis by ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunting. Bilateral chronic subdural hematomas developed about 2 months after insertion of the VP shunt and were evacuated. Postoperatively, the patient developed akinetic mutism, but her condition improved after administration of bromocriptine. Absence of abnormalities on dopamine transporter single photon emission computed tomography, lack of clinical response to levodopa treatment, and normal homovanillic acid concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid all indicated normal dopamine production. Pressure on the periventricular monoamine projections in the thalamus and hypothalamus without major dopamine deprivation in the striatum may have been the most important factors in the development of akinetic mutism in this patient. (+info)Episodically remitting akinetic mutism following subarachnoid hemorrhage<...
Akinetic mutism - Wikipedia
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DMOZ - Health: Conditions and Diseases: Neurological Disorders: Brain Diseases: Akinetic Mutism
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Acquired Neurologic Mutism
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Akinetic mutism
... is a medical term describing patients tending neither to move (akinesia) nor speak (mutism). Akinetic mutism ... Akinetic mutism can also occur as a result of damage to the mesencephalic region of the brain. Mesencephalic akinetic mutism is ... However, akinetic mutism most often appears in two different forms: frontal and mesencephalic. Akinetic mutism can occur in the ... When the anterior cingulate cortex is damaged, it can result in akinetic mutism.[citation needed] Akinetic mutism is a symptom ...
Hypokinesia
Akinetic mutism Hyperkinesia "Bradykinesia". B. Kolb, I. Whishaw (2011). An Introduction to Brain and Behavior. p. 373. Ling, ...
Bulbocapnine
Johnson, John (1984). "Stupor and akinetic mutism". Contemporary Neurology. pp. 96-102. doi:10.1016/B978-0-407-00308-8.50018-5 ... featuring the curious symptom of waxy flexibility and the state produced by the drug has been compared to Akinetic mutism. The ...
Catatonia
Akinetic mutism has been associated with structural damage in a variety of brain areas. Akinetic mutism and catatonia may both ... Akinetic mutism is a neurological disorder characterized by a decrease in goal-directed behavior and motivation; however, the ... Differentiating both disorders is the fact that akinetic mutism does not present with echolalia, echopraxia, or posturing. ... Akinetic mutism Autistic catatonia Awakenings (1990 biopic about catatonic patients, based on Oliver Sacks's book of the same ...
Athymhormic syndrome
Aboulia Akinetic mutism Athymhormia Huntington's disease Progressive supranuclear palsy Laplane, D.; Dubois, B. (2001). "Auto‐ ...
Anhedonia
The conditions of akinetic mutism and negative symptoms are closely related. In akinetic mutism, a stroke or other lesion to ... the anterior cingulate cortex causes reduction in movement (akinetic) and speech (mutism). Anhedonia occurs in roughly 70% of ...
Corpus callosum
Anterior corpus callosum lesions may result in akinetic mutism or anomic aphasia. See also: Alien hand syndrome Dyslexia ...
Encephalitis lethargica
In severe cases, patients may enter a coma-like state (akinetic mutism).[citation needed] Patients may also experience abnormal ...
Abulia
In the case of akinetic mutism, many patients describe that as soon as they "will" or attempt a movement, a "counter-will" or " ... Most experts agreed that abulia is clinically distinct from depression, akinetic mutism, and alexithymia. However, only 32% ... akinetic mutism. It is well documented that the caudate nucleus is involved in degenerative diseases of the central nervous ... and one could easily see an extreme case of abulia as akinetic mutism or a lesser case of abulia as apathy and therefore, not ...
The Doorman (2020 film)
Dubois, Borz, and his men invade the apartment of Bernard Hersch, who is suffering from akinetic mutism. Dubois knew Bernard as ...
Toxic leukoencephalopathy
The final or terminal stage is characterized by stretching spasms, akinetic mutism, hypotonic paresis, central pyrexia, and ...
New Brunswick neurological syndrome of unknown cause
Myoclonus persists "even in the late stages of the disease" and even "when patients are unconscious". Akinetic mutism were ...
Mesolimbic pathway
... pathway Antipsychotic Tardive dyskinesia Tolerance Withdrawal Motivational salience Apathy Abulia Akinetic mutism Dreyer JL ( ...
Glossary of psychiatry
A rare cause of mutism is akinetic mutism which results due to a lesion around the third ventricle of the brain. Apperception ... Aphemia is the alternate term for mutism. Mutism is absence of speech with apparently normal level of consciousness. Mutism can ... mutism, echolalia (imitating speech), or echopraxia (imitating movements). There is a catatonic subtype of schizophrenia. Cerea ...
Thalamus
Bilateral ischemia of the area supplied by the paramedian artery can cause serious problems including akinetic mutism, and be ...
Foix-Chavany-Marie syndrome
If a person can demonstrate ability in voluntary usage of limbs, catatonia and akinetic mutism are most likely ruled out from ... Patients with catatonia or akinetic mutism are not able to perform voluntary commands that involve the use of limbs, while ... In determining a diagnosis between with catatonia, akinetic mutism, and FCMS, a person must demonstrate their ability to ... FCMS shares similar characteristics with the following disorders: catatonia, akinetic mutism, orobuccal apraxia, Broca's ...
Will (philosophy)
Aboulia Akinetic mutism Akrasia Categorical imperative Neuroscience of free will Time management Vīrya Volition (psychology) ...
Audrey Santo
Audrey's family contended that she was in a state called akinetic mutism - unable to speak and with limited movement, but fully ...
Apathy
... falls in the less extreme spectrum of diminished motivation, with abulia in the middle and akinetic mutism being more ...
Anterior cingulate cortex
... and akinetic mutism. There is evidence that damage to ACC is present in patients with schizophrenia, where studies have shown ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
Differential brain imaging of patients with such global disturbances of consciousness (including akinetic mutism) reveal that ...
Focal neurologic signs
... akinetic mutism, general retardation "frontal release" signs, i.e. reappearance of primitive reflexes such as the snout reflex ...
List of MeSH codes (C10)
... akinetic mutism MeSH C10.228.140.055 - amblyopia MeSH C10.228.140.060 - amnesia, transient global MeSH C10.228.140.068 - ... mutism MeSH C10.597.606.150.500.800.750 - stuttering MeSH C10.597.606.150.550 - learning disorders MeSH C10.597.606.150.550.200 ...
Interventricular foramina (neuroanatomy)
... akinetic mutism and disconnection syndromes. The foramina were named after the Scottish physician and University of Edinburgh ...
Frontal lobe disorder
Frontal abulic syndrome Loss of initiative, creativity and curiosity Pervasive emotional apathy and blandness Akinetic mutism ... "Mutism in the Older Adult". Schott, J. M.; Rossor, M. N. (2003-05-01). "The grasp and other primitive reflexes". Journal of ... With more severe impairment there may be echolalia or mutism. Neurological examination may show primitive reflexes (also known ...
Locked-in syndrome
Akinetic mutism List of people with locked-in syndrome The Diving Bell and the Butterfly: memoirs of journalist Jean-Dominique ...
Anterior cerebral artery
... akinetic mutism, slowness and lack of spontaneity Urinary incontinence which usually occurs with bilateral damage in the acute ...
Executive functions
Lesions in this area can lead to low drive states such as apathy, abulia or akinetic mutism and may also result in low drive ...
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Akinetic Mutism. ++. One could logically refer to the locked-in state as akinetic mutism insofar as the patient is akinetic ( ... The term akinetic mutism has been applied to yet another group of patients who are silent and inert as a result of bilateral ... Cairns H, Oldfield RC, Pennybacker JB, et al: Akinetic mutism with an epidermoid cyst of the third ventricle. Brain 64:273, ... The patient with catatonia appears unresponsive, in a state that simulates stupor, light coma, or akinetic mutism. There are no ...
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DeCS
Akinetic Mutism Entry term(s). Akinetic Autism Akinetic Mutisms Autism, Akinetic Coma Vigil Coma Vigilans Mutism, Akinetic ... Akinetic Autism. Akinetic Mutisms. Autism, Akinetic. Coma Vigil. Coma Vigilans. Mutism, Akinetic. Vigil, Coma. Vigils, Coma. ... Akinetic Mutism - Preferred Concept UI. M0000615. Scope note. A syndrome characterized by a silent and inert state without ...
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... she did not enter the akinetic mutism state. The patients brain weighed 1050 g, and neuropathological examination showed ... she did not enter the akinetic mutism state. The patients brain weighed 1050 g, and neuropathological examination showed ... she did not enter the akinetic mutism state. The patients brain weighed 1050 g, and neuropathological examination showed ... she did not enter the akinetic mutism state. The patients brain weighed 1050 g, and neuropathological examination showed ...
sindroame neurologice majore - [PDF Document]
Myoclonus2
- Clinical progression leads to akinetic mutism, pronounced myoclonus, and a moribund functional status. (mypcnow.org)
- Besides akinetic mutism and myoclonus, she had a flaccid tetraparesia with brisk tendon reflexes, extensor plantar responses, and exuberant primitive reflexes. (dadospdf.com)
Coma1
- In chronic phase, patient may experience akinetic mutism or coma like stage, parkinsonian symptoms such as tremors, rigidity, muscular pains, upper body pains and behavioral changes including psychosis. (viralnom.com)
Frontal3
- She exhibited akinetic mutism, which was followed by deterioration of the frontal lobe. (neurology-jp.org)
- Lesions of the medial frontal lobe trigger akinetic mutism, lower extremity weakness, and incontinence. (edu.pl)
- Los sistemas de clasificación de la epilepsia se basan generalmente en: (1) las características clínicas de los episodios convulsivos (ejemplo, convulsión motora), (2) etiología (ejemplo, post-traumática), (3) sitio anatómico donde se origina la convulsión (ejemplo, convulsión del lóbulo frontal), (4) tendencia a extenderse diseminarse a otras estructuras cerebrales, y (5) patrones temporales (ejemplo, epilepsia nocturna). (bvsalud.org)
Disorder1
- Akinetic crisis is an acute disorder of motor activity in the form of a sharp difficulty of voluntary movements, developing in Parkinson's disease. (medic-journal.com)
Lesions1
- Now, a examine analyzing the areas of brain lesions in these patients-and those that have akinetic mutism, through which individuals can scratch an itch and chew meals placed into their mouths without being conscious they've initiated these actions-are shedding gentle on how our brains know what's going on with our our bodies. (quidsit.com)
Illness1
- She remained in a state of akinetic mutism and died in June 2004, ≈32 months after illness onset. (cdc.gov)
State2
- Stuporous state with mutism and absence of movement. (behavenet.com)
- she did not enter the akinetic mutism state. (elsevier.com)
Absence1
- Akinetic mutism is a symptom complex consisting in the absence of voluntary movements and expressive speech in the presence of a potential opportunity to move and speak. (medic-journal.com)
Brain death1
- It covers the PVS, MCS, as well as akinetic mutism and brain death. (pallimed.org)
Abulia or akinetic mutism2
- Suprachiasmatic pressure may cause altitudinal visual field deficits, abulia or akinetic mutism, amnestic syndromes, or hypothalamic dysfunction. (medscape.com)
- It was used to temporarily reverse abulia or akinetic mutism, which in a subset of cases of stupor are probably the neurologist's terms for catatonia. (retirepsychiatrist.com)
Coma1
- For example, a person in coma is akinetic. (drugster.info)
Syndrome characterized1
- [ 8 ] the term akinetic mutism (AM) has been used to describe a syndrome characterized by marked reduction of nearly all motor functions, including facial expression, gestures, and speech output, but with some degree of alertness. (medscape.com)
Myoclonic2
Symptoms4
- Akinetic mutism related symptoms are more likely resemble the symptoms of shock. (healthcaretip.com)
- Magnesium sulfate therapy is used intravenously to eliminate symptoms of Akinetic mutism. (healthcaretip.com)
- If the cause reported behind Akinetic mutism is cyst formation which is leading to Akinetic mutism, then cyst puncture treatment plan will be followed to reduce the symptoms arising from this cyst. (healthcaretip.com)
- Akinetic mutism and locked in syndrome are different conditions with different etiology but these both conditions have same symptoms and signs. (healthcaretip.com)
Paralysis2
- Akinetic mutism is not a state like paralysis, in Akinetic mutism it all depends upon the patient's will to move and speak. (healthcaretip.com)
- When she awoke, she was afflicted with Akinetic Mutism, a partial paralysis that made it difficult to speak or move. (romyshiller.org)
Inability1
- Akinetic means unable to move physically and mutism means inability to speak. (healthcaretip.com)
Cingulate gyrus1
- Destruction of cingulate gyrus, used in treatment of psychosis, lead to Akinetic mutism, apathy and indifference to any external stimuli like pain. (healthcaretip.com)
Absence of speech1
- Mutism refers to the absence of speech. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
Mute3
- A state in which a person is unable to speak ( mute ) or move ( akinetic ). (rxlist.com)
- For another example, akinetic mutism is a condition in which a person is both mute and akinetic. (drugster.info)
- A textbook on clinical neurology observes that a person with akinetic mutism has "sleep-waking cycles but, when apparently awake, with eyes open, lies mute. (drugster.info)
Partial1
- Locked in syndrome may be partial but Akinetic mutism is a complete loss. (healthcaretip.com)
Lesions1
- Patients with lesions affecting the cingulate cortex typically develop akinetic mutism. (medscape.com)
Describe1
- So, as the name describe, Akinetic mutism is a condition in which patient is not able to move physically and speak as well. (healthcaretip.com)
Patients1
- The most common CNS complication was encephalopathy (n = 19, 31.1%), which was severe in 13 patients (GCS ≤ 12), including 8 with akinetic mutism. (ku.dk)
Term1
- The term is "akinetic mutism. (trafford.com)
Adult1
- Cite this: Mutism in the Older Adult - Medscape - Sep 01, 2005. (medscape.com)
Patient3
- Even if the patient recovers, whether as the result of operation or not, deaf-mutism or mental deficiency frequently occurs. (dictionary.com)
- In Akinetic mutism, patient is not able to move and speak due to lack of will to move and speak. (healthcaretip.com)
- Akinetic means that the patient is no longer able to move consciously. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
Condition4
- Akinetic mutism is kind of shock condition related to mental condition. (healthcaretip.com)
- Akinetic mutism is a condition involving lack of movement and talking and it starts appearing after about four months of onset of disease. (healthcaretip.com)
- This rare condition is known as akinetic mutism. (globalhealthnewswire.com)
- और वह एक गंभीर न्यूरोलॉजिकल स्थिति (neurological condition) में चला गया, इसे एकिनेटिक म्यूटिस्म (Akinetic mutism) कहा जाता है. (bharatlive.net)
Severe1
- Actually, severe mental disorders, personality changes, or loss of recent memory with a general slowing of thought processes and activity, or even akinetic mutism, may occur if sacrificed. (clinicalgate.com)
Complete1
- A very complete family history showing deaf-mutism is given in Fig. 21. (dictionary.com)