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Airway RemodelingAirway ObstructionAirway ResistanceBronchiRespiratory SystemBronchial HyperreactivityAirway ManagementRespiratory MucosaAsthmaLungBronchoconstrictionRespiratory HypersensitivityBronchoalveolar Lavage FluidLaryngeal MasksBronchial Provocation TestsContinuous Positive Airway PressureMucusIntubation, IntratrachealMuscle, SmoothRespiratory MechanicsEosinophilsEpithelial CellsRespiratory Function TestsForced Expiratory VolumeRespiratory Physiological PhenomenaAdministration, InhalationCystic FibrosisBronchitisAir PressureBronchoscopyPharynxLung ComplianceHypersensitivityBronchographyAerosolsPulmonary VentilationInflammationLarynxInhalationMucociliary ClearanceHistaminePneumoniaEosinophiliaBronchodilator AgentsInterleukin-13Goblet CellsSputumMice, Inbred BALB CLung Diseases, ObstructivePulmonary EosinophiliaPositive-Pressure RespirationBronchial DiseasesLung Volume MeasurementsSleep Apnea, ObstructiveBronchiolesVital CapacitySpirometryDisease Models, AnimalPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveMucin 5ACTh2 CellsInterleukin-5EpiglottisFiber Optic TechnologyBronchial SpasmGuinea PigsPharyngeal MusclesOzoneAlbuterolPlethysmography, Whole BodyTracheal StenosisNasal MucosaCells, CulturedPalate, SoftRespirationCytokinesTracheal DiseasesOropharynxTidal VolumeHeliumOxidants, PhotochemicalCystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance RegulatorCoughRespiration, ArtificialTongueMice, Inbred C57BLEpitheliumRespiratory Tract DiseasesHypopharynxTracheotomyMuscle ContractionUteroglobinChemokine CCL11Breath TestsMucinsLung DiseasesLaryngostenosisTracheostomyRespiratory MusclesFunctional Residual Capacity
Airway Remodeling
The structural changes in the number, mass, size and/or composition of the airway tissues.
Airway Obstruction
Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the lungs.
Airway Resistance
Physiologically, the opposition to flow of air caused by the forces of friction. As a part of pulmonary function testing, it is the ratio of driving pressure to the rate of air flow.
Bronchi
The larger air passages of the lungs arising from the terminal bifurcation of the TRACHEA. They include the largest two primary bronchi which branch out into secondary bronchi, and tertiary bronchi which extend into BRONCHIOLES and PULMONARY ALVEOLI.
Respiratory System
The tubular and cavernous organs and structures, by means of which pulmonary ventilation and gas exchange between ambient air and the blood are brought about.
Bronchial Hyperreactivity
Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.
Airway Management
Evaluation, planning, and use of a range of procedures and airway devices for the maintenance or restoration of a patient's ventilation.
Respiratory Mucosa
The mucous membrane lining the RESPIRATORY TRACT, including the NASAL CAVITY; the LARYNX; the TRACHEA; and the BRONCHI tree. The respiratory mucosa consists of various types of epithelial cells ranging from ciliated columnar to simple squamous, mucous GOBLET CELLS, and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
Asthma
A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).
Lung
Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.
Bronchoconstriction
Narrowing of the caliber of the BRONCHI, physiologically or as a result of pharmacological intervention.
Respiratory Hypersensitivity
A form of hypersensitivity affecting the respiratory tract. It includes ASTHMA and RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, SEASONAL.
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Washing liquid obtained from irrigation of the lung, including the BRONCHI and the PULMONARY ALVEOLI. It is generally used to assess biochemical, inflammatory, or infection status of the lung.
Laryngeal Masks
A type of oropharyngeal airway that provides an alternative to endotracheal intubation and standard mask anesthesia in certain patients. It is introduced into the hypopharynx to form a seal around the larynx thus permitting spontaneous or positive pressure ventilation without penetration of the larynx or esophagus. It is used in place of a facemask in routine anesthesia. The advantages over standard mask anesthesia are better airway control, minimal anesthetic gas leakage, a secure airway during patient transport to the recovery area, and minimal postoperative problems.
Bronchial Provocation Tests
Tests involving inhalation of allergens (nebulized or in dust form), nebulized pharmacologically active solutions (e.g., histamine, methacholine), or control solutions, followed by assessment of respiratory function. These tests are used in the diagnosis of asthma.
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
A technique of respiratory therapy, in either spontaneously breathing or mechanically ventilated patients, in which airway pressure is maintained above atmospheric pressure throughout the respiratory cycle by pressurization of the ventilatory circuit. (On-Line Medical Dictionary [Internet]. Newcastle upon Tyne(UK): The University Dept. of Medical Oncology: The CancerWEB Project; c1997-2003 [cited 2003 Apr 17]. Available from: http://cancerweb.ncl.ac.uk/omd/)
Mucus
The viscous secretion of mucous membranes. It contains mucin, white blood cells, water, inorganic salts, and exfoliated cells.
Intubation, Intratracheal
A procedure involving placement of a tube into the trachea through the mouth or nose in order to provide a patient with oxygen and anesthesia.
Muscle, Smooth
Unstriated and unstriped muscle, one of the muscles of the internal organs, blood vessels, hair follicles, etc. Contractile elements are elongated, usually spindle-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. Smooth muscle fibers are bound together into sheets or bundles by reticular fibers and frequently elastic nets are also abundant. (From Stedman, 25th ed)
Respiratory Mechanics
The physical or mechanical action of the LUNGS; DIAPHRAGM; RIBS; and CHEST WALL during respiration. It includes airflow, lung volume, neural and reflex controls, mechanoreceptors, breathing patterns, etc.
Eosinophils
Granular leukocytes with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by a slender thread of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and stainable by eosin.
Epithelial Cells
Cells that line the inner and outer surfaces of the body by forming cellular layers (EPITHELIUM) or masses. Epithelial cells lining the SKIN; the MOUTH; the NOSE; and the ANAL CANAL derive from ectoderm; those lining the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM and the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM derive from endoderm; others (CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM and LYMPHATIC SYSTEM) derive from mesoderm. Epithelial cells can be classified mainly by cell shape and function into squamous, glandular and transitional epithelial cells.
Respiratory Function Tests
Measurement of the various processes involved in the act of respiration: inspiration, expiration, oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, lung volume and compliance, etc.
Forced Expiratory Volume
Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be expelled in a given number of seconds during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination . It is usually given as FEV followed by a subscript indicating the number of seconds over which the measurement is made, although it is sometimes given as a percentage of forced vital capacity.
Respiratory Physiological Phenomena
Physiological processes and properties of the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM as a whole or of any of its parts.
Administration, Inhalation
The administration of drugs by the respiratory route. It includes insufflation into the respiratory tract.
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.
Air Pressure
The force per unit area that the air exerts on any surface in contact with it. Primarily used for articles pertaining to air pressure within a closed environment.
Bronchoscopy
Endoscopic examination, therapy or surgery of the bronchi.
Pharynx
A funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that conducts food to the ESOPHAGUS, and air to the LARYNX and LUNGS. It is located posterior to the NASAL CAVITY; ORAL CAVITY; and LARYNX, and extends from the SKULL BASE to the inferior border of the CRICOID CARTILAGE anteriorly and to the inferior border of the C6 vertebra posteriorly. It is divided into the NASOPHARYNX; OROPHARYNX; and HYPOPHARYNX (laryngopharynx).
Lung Compliance
The capability of the LUNGS to distend under pressure as measured by pulmonary volume change per unit pressure change. While not a complete description of the pressure-volume properties of the lung, it is nevertheless useful in practice as a measure of the comparative stiffness of the lung. (From Best & Taylor's Physiological Basis of Medical Practice, 12th ed, p562)
Hypersensitivity
Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.
Bronchography
Radiography of the bronchial tree after injection of a contrast medium.
Aerosols
Colloids with a gaseous dispersing phase and either liquid (fog) or solid (smoke) dispersed phase; used in fumigation or in inhalation therapy; may contain propellant agents.
Pulmonary Ventilation
The total volume of gas inspired or expired per unit of time, usually measured in liters per minute.
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.
Larynx
A tubular organ of VOICE production. It is located in the anterior neck, superior to the TRACHEA and inferior to the tongue and HYOID BONE.
Inhalation
The act of BREATHING in.
Mucociliary Clearance
A non-specific host defense mechanism that removes MUCUS and other material from the LUNGS by ciliary and secretory activity of the tracheobronchial submucosal glands. It is measured in vivo as mucus transfer, ciliary beat frequency, and clearance of radioactive tracers.
Histamine
An amine derived by enzymatic decarboxylation of HISTIDINE. It is a powerful stimulant of gastric secretion, a constrictor of bronchial smooth muscle, a vasodilator, and also a centrally acting neurotransmitter.
Pneumonia
Infection of the lung often accompanied by inflammation.
Eosinophilia
Abnormal increase of EOSINOPHILS in the blood, tissues or organs.
Bronchodilator Agents
Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes.
Interleukin-13
A cytokine synthesized by T-LYMPHOCYTES that produces proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and immunoglobulin production by immature B-LYMPHOCYTES. It appears to play a role in regulating inflammatory and immune responses.
Goblet Cells
A glandular epithelial cell or a unicellular gland. Goblet cells secrete MUCUS. They are scattered in the epithelial linings of many organs, especially the SMALL INTESTINE and the RESPIRATORY TRACT.
Sputum
Material coughed up from the lungs and expectorated via the mouth. It contains MUCUS, cellular debris, and microorganisms. It may also contain blood or pus.
Mice, Inbred BALB C
Lung Diseases, Obstructive
Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent.
Pulmonary Eosinophilia
A condition characterized by infiltration of the lung with EOSINOPHILS due to inflammation or other disease processes. Major eosinophilic lung diseases are the eosinophilic pneumonias caused by infections, allergens, or toxic agents.
Positive-Pressure Respiration
A method of mechanical ventilation in which pressure is maintained to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, thus reducing the shunting of blood through the lungs and improving gas exchange.
Bronchial Diseases
Lung Volume Measurements
Measurement of the amount of air that the lungs may contain at various points in the respiratory cycle.
Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
A disorder characterized by recurrent apneas during sleep despite persistent respiratory efforts. It is due to upper airway obstruction. The respiratory pauses may induce HYPERCAPNIA or HYPOXIA. Cardiac arrhythmias and elevation of systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures may occur. Frequent partial arousals occur throughout sleep, resulting in relative SLEEP DEPRIVATION and daytime tiredness. Associated conditions include OBESITY; ACROMEGALY; MYXEDEMA; micrognathia; MYOTONIC DYSTROPHY; adenotonsilar dystrophy; and NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASES. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p395)
Bronchioles
The small airways branching off the TERTIARY BRONCHI. Terminal bronchioles lead into several orders of respiratory bronchioles which in turn lead into alveolar ducts and then into PULMONARY ALVEOLI.
Vital Capacity
The volume of air that is exhaled by a maximal expiration following a maximal inspiration.
Spirometry
Measurement of volume of air inhaled or exhaled by the lung.
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally occurring or experimentally induced animal diseases with pathological processes sufficiently similar to those of human diseases. They are used as study models for human diseases.
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA.
Mucin 5AC
A gel-forming mucin that is primarily found on the surface of gastric epithelium and in the RESPIRATORY TRACT. Mucin 5AC was originally identified as two distinct proteins, however a single gene encodes the protein which gives rise to the mucin 5A and mucin 5C variants.
Th2 Cells
Subset of helper-inducer T-lymphocytes which synthesize and secrete the interleukins IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10. These cytokines influence B-cell development and antibody production as well as augmenting humoral responses.
Interleukin-5
A cytokine that promotes differentiation and activation of EOSINOPHILS. It also triggers activated B-LYMPHOCYTES to differentiate into IMMUNOGLOBULIN-secreting cells.
Epiglottis
A thin leaf-shaped cartilage that is covered with LARYNGEAL MUCOSA and situated posterior to the root of the tongue and HYOID BONE. During swallowing, the epiglottis folds back over the larynx inlet thus prevents foods from entering the airway.
Fiber Optic Technology
The technology of transmitting light over long distances through strands of glass or other transparent material.
Bronchial Spasm
Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.
Guinea Pigs
A common name used for the genus Cavia. The most common species is Cavia porcellus which is the domesticated guinea pig used for pets and biomedical research.
Pharyngeal Muscles
The muscles of the PHARYNX are voluntary muscles arranged in two layers. The external circular layer consists of three constrictors (superior, middle, and inferior). The internal longitudinal layer consists of the palatopharyngeus, the salpingopharyngeus, and the stylopharyngeus. During swallowing, the outer layer constricts the pharyngeal wall and the inner layer elevates pharynx and LARYNX.
Ozone
The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).
Albuterol
A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.
Plethysmography, Whole Body
Measurement of the volume of gas in the lungs, including that which is trapped in poorly communicating air spaces. It is of particular use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Tracheal Stenosis
Nasal Mucosa
The mucous lining of the NASAL CAVITY, including lining of the nostril (vestibule) and the OLFACTORY MUCOSA. Nasal mucosa consists of ciliated cells, GOBLET CELLS, brush cells, small granule cells, basal cells (STEM CELLS) and glands containing both mucous and serous cells.
Cells, Cultured
Cells propagated in vitro in special media conducive to their growth. Cultured cells are used to study developmental, morphologic, metabolic, physiologic, and genetic processes, among others.
Palate, Soft
A movable fold suspended from the posterior border of the hard palate. The uvula hangs from the middle of the lower border.
Respiration
The act of breathing with the LUNGS, consisting of INHALATION, or the taking into the lungs of the ambient air, and of EXHALATION, or the expelling of the modified air which contains more CARBON DIOXIDE than the air taken in (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed.). This does not include tissue respiration (= OXYGEN CONSUMPTION) or cell respiration (= CELL RESPIRATION).
Cytokines
Non-antibody proteins secreted by inflammatory leukocytes and some non-leukocytic cells, that act as intercellular mediators. They differ from classical hormones in that they are produced by a number of tissue or cell types rather than by specialized glands. They generally act locally in a paracrine or autocrine rather than endocrine manner.
Tracheal Diseases
Oropharynx
The middle portion of the pharynx that lies posterior to the mouth, inferior to the SOFT PALATE, and superior to the base of the tongue and EPIGLOTTIS. It has a digestive function as food passes from the mouth into the oropharynx before entering ESOPHAGUS.
Tidal Volume
The volume of air inspired or expired during each normal, quiet respiratory cycle. Common abbreviations are TV or V with subscript T.
Helium
Helium. A noble gas with the atomic symbol He, atomic number 2, and atomic weight 4.003. It is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas that is not combustible and does not support combustion. It was first detected in the sun and is now obtained from natural gas. Medically it is used as a diluent for other gases, being especially useful with oxygen in the treatment of certain cases of respiratory obstruction, and as a vehicle for general anesthetics. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Oxidants, Photochemical
Compounds that accept electrons in an oxidation-reduction reaction. The reaction is induced by or accelerated by exposure to electromagnetic radiation in the spectrum of visible or ultraviolet light.
Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator
A chloride channel that regulates secretion in many exocrine tissues. Abnormalities in the CFTR gene have been shown to cause cystic fibrosis. (Hum Genet 1994;93(4):364-8)
Cough
A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs.
Respiration, Artificial
Any method of artificial breathing that employs mechanical or non-mechanical means to force the air into and out of the lungs. Artificial respiration or ventilation is used in individuals who have stopped breathing or have RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY to increase their intake of oxygen (O2) and excretion of carbon dioxide (CO2).
Tongue
A muscular organ in the mouth that is covered with pink tissue called mucosa, tiny bumps called papillae, and thousands of taste buds. The tongue is anchored to the mouth and is vital for chewing, swallowing, and for speech.
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Epithelium
One or more layers of EPITHELIAL CELLS, supported by the basal lamina, which covers the inner or outer surfaces of the body.
Respiratory Tract Diseases
Hypopharynx
The bottom portion of the pharynx situated below the OROPHARYNX and posterior to the LARYNX. The hypopharynx communicates with the larynx through the laryngeal inlet, and is also called laryngopharynx.
Tracheotomy
Surgical incision of the trachea.
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.
Uteroglobin
A steroid-inducible protein that was originally identified in uterine fluid. It is a secreted homodimeric protein with identical 70-amino acid subunits that are joined in an antiparallel orientation by two disulfide bridges. A variety of activities are associated with uteroglobin including the sequestering of hydrophobic ligands and the inhibition of SECRETORY PHOSPHOLIPASE A2.
Chemokine CCL11
A CC-type chemokine that is specific for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a potent chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.
Breath Tests
Any tests done on exhaled air.
Mucins
High molecular weight mucoproteins that protect the surface of EPITHELIAL CELLS by providing a barrier to particulate matter and microorganisms. Membrane-anchored mucins may have additional roles concerned with protein interactions at the cell surface.
Lung Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.
Laryngostenosis
Developmental or acquired stricture or narrowing of the LARYNX. Symptoms of respiratory difficulty depend on the degree of laryngeal narrowing.
Tracheostomy
Surgical formation of an opening into the trachea through the neck, or the opening so created.
Respiratory Muscles
These include the muscles of the DIAPHRAGM and the INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES.
Functional Residual Capacity
The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the RESIDUAL VOLUME and the EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME. Common abbreviation is FRC.
Total Lung Capacity
The volume of air contained in the lungs at the end of a maximal inspiration. It is the equivalent to each of the following sums: VITAL CAPACITY plus RESIDUAL VOLUME; INSPIRATORY CAPACITY plus FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY; TIDAL VOLUME plus INSPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus functional residual capacity; or tidal volume plus inspiratory reserve volume plus EXPIRATORY RESERVE VOLUME plus residual volume.
Pulmonary Alveoli
Small polyhedral outpouchings along the walls of the alveolar sacs, alveolar ducts and terminal bronchioles through the walls of which gas exchange between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood takes place.
Sleep Apnea Syndromes
Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.
Exocrine Glands
Glands of external secretion that release its secretions to the body's cavities, organs, or surface, through a duct.
Myocytes, Smooth Muscle
Non-striated, elongated, spindle-shaped cells found lining the digestive tract, uterus, and blood vessels. They are derived from specialized myoblasts (MYOBLASTS, SMOOTH MUSCLE).
Pulmonary Emphysema
Enlargement of air spaces distal to the TERMINAL BRONCHIOLES where gas-exchange normally takes place. This is usually due to destruction of the alveolar wall. Pulmonary emphysema can be classified by the location and distribution of the lesions.
Nasal Cavity
The proximal portion of the respiratory passages on either side of the NASAL SEPTUM. Nasal cavities, extending from the nares to the NASOPHARYNX, are lined with ciliated NASAL MUCOSA.
Pressure
A type of stress exerted uniformly in all directions. Its measure is the force exerted per unit area. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)
Interleukin-8
A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.
Polysomnography
Simultaneous and continuous monitoring of several parameters during sleep to study normal and abnormal sleep. The study includes monitoring of brain waves, to assess sleep stages, and other physiological variables such as breathing, eye movements, and blood oxygen levels which exhibit a disrupted pattern with sleep disturbances.
Nose
A part of the upper respiratory tract. It contains the organ of SMELL. The term includes the external nose, the nasal cavity, and the PARANASAL SINUSES.
Mice, Knockout
Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.
Time Factors
Elements of limited time intervals, contributing to particular results or situations.
Neutrophils
Granular leukocytes having a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
Inflammation Mediators
The endogenous compounds that mediate inflammation (AUTACOIDS) and related exogenous compounds including the synthetic prostaglandins (PROSTAGLANDINS, SYNTHETIC).
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug.
Bronchiolitis Obliterans
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES leading to an obstructive lung disease. Bronchioles are characterized by fibrous granulation tissue with bronchial exudates in the lumens. Clinical features include a nonproductive cough and DYSPNEA.
Masks
Devices that cover the nose and mouth to maintain aseptic conditions or to administer inhaled anesthetics or other gases. (UMDNS, 1999)
Laryngeal Diseases
Pathological processes involving any part of the LARYNX which coordinates many functions such as voice production, breathing, swallowing, and coughing.
Administration, Intranasal
Delivery of medications through the nasal mucosa.
Glottis
The vocal apparatus of the larynx, situated in the middle section of the larynx. Glottis consists of the VOCAL FOLDS and an opening (rima glottidis) between the folds.
Forced Expiratory Flow Rates
The rate of airflow measured during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination.
Anesthesia, General
Procedure in which patients are induced into an unconscious state through use of various medications so that they do not feel pain during surgery.
Inhalation Exposure
The exposure to potentially harmful chemical, physical, or biological agents by inhaling them.
Rats, Inbred BN
Rhinitis
Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.
Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
Measurement of the maximum rate of airflow attained during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviations are PEFR and PFR.
Nasal Obstruction
Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.
Nitric Oxide
A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP.
Bronchoscopes
Endoscopes for the visualization of the interior of the bronchi.
Manikins
Mucin-5B
A gel-forming mucin that is predominantly expressed by submucosal glands of airway tissues and the SUBLINGUAL GLAND. It is one of the principal components of high molecular weight salivary mucin.
Maximal Midexpiratory Flow Rate
Measurement of rate of airflow over the middle half of a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination (from the 25 percent level to the 75 percent level). Common abbreviations are MMFR and FEF 25%-75%.
Bronchiectasis
Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.
Smoking
Inhaling and exhaling the smoke of burning TOBACCO.
Budesonide
A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.
Respiratory Sounds
Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.
Plethysmography
Recording of change in the size of a part as modified by the circulation in it.
Picornaviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the PICORNAVIRIDAE.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents
Substances that reduce or suppress INFLAMMATION.
Macrophages, Alveolar
Round, granular, mononuclear phagocytes found in the alveoli of the lungs. They ingest small inhaled particles resulting in degradation and presentation of the antigen to immunocompetent cells.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones
Dust
Earth or other matter in fine, dry particles. (Random House Unabridged Dictionary, 2d ed)
Rhinovirus
A genus of PICORNAVIRIDAE inhabiting primarily the respiratory tract of mammalian hosts. It includes over 100 human serotypes associated with the COMMON COLD.
Airway Extubation
Removal of an endotracheal tube from the patient.
Leukotriene D4
One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990)
Laryngoscopes
Endoscopes for examining the interior of the larynx.
Nebulizers and Vaporizers
Devices that cause a liquid or solid to be converted into an aerosol (spray) or a vapor. It is used in drug administration by inhalation, humidification of ambient air, and in certain analytical instruments.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Tomography using x-ray transmission and a computer algorithm to reconstruct the image.
Pulmonary Gas Exchange
The exchange of OXYGEN and CARBON DIOXIDE between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood that occurs across the BLOOD-AIR BARRIER.
Respiratory Therapy
Care of patients with deficiencies and abnormalities associated with the cardiopulmonary system. It includes the therapeutic use of medical gases and their administrative apparatus, environmental control systems, humidification, aerosols, ventilatory support, bronchopulmonary drainage and exercise, respiratory rehabilitation, assistance with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and maintenance of natural, artificial, and mechanical airways.
Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves
Curves depicting MAXIMAL EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE, in liters/second, versus lung inflation, in liters or percentage of lung capacity, during a FORCED VITAL CAPACITY determination. Common abbreviation is MEFV.
Interleukin-4
A soluble factor produced by activated T-LYMPHOCYTES that induces the expression of MHC CLASS II GENES and FC RECEPTORS on B-LYMPHOCYTES and causes their proliferation and differentiation. It also acts on T-lymphocytes, MAST CELLS, and several other hematopoietic lineage cells.
RNA, Messenger
RNA sequences that serve as templates for protein synthesis. Bacterial mRNAs are generally primary transcripts in that they do not require post-transcriptional processing. Eukaryotic mRNA is synthesized in the nucleus and must be exported to the cytoplasm for translation. Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a sequence of polyadenylic acid at the 3' end, referred to as the poly(A) tail. The function of this tail is not known for certain, but it may play a role in the export of mature mRNA from the nucleus as well as in helping stabilize some mRNA molecules by retarding their degradation in the cytoplasm.
Disposable Equipment
Apparatus, devices, or supplies intended for one-time or temporary use.
Cilia
Populations of thin, motile processes found covering the surface of ciliates (CILIOPHORA) or the free surface of the cells making up ciliated EPITHELIUM. Each cilium arises from a basic granule in the superficial layer of CYTOPLASM. The movement of cilia propels ciliates through the liquid in which they live. The movement of cilia on a ciliated epithelium serves to propel a surface layer of mucus or fluid. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)
Mucous Membrane
An EPITHELIUM with MUCUS-secreting cells, such as GOBLET CELLS. It forms the lining of many body cavities, such as the DIGESTIVE TRACT, the RESPIRATORY TRACT, and the reproductive tract. Mucosa, rich in blood and lymph vessels, comprises an inner epithelium, a middle layer (lamina propria) of loose CONNECTIVE TISSUE, and an outer layer (muscularis mucosae) of SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS that separates the mucosa from submucosa.
Equipment Design
Methods of creating machines and devices.
Vagus Nerve
The 10th cranial nerve. The vagus is a mixed nerve which contains somatic afferents (from skin in back of the ear and the external auditory meatus), visceral afferents (from the pharynx, larynx, thorax, and abdomen), parasympathetic efferents (to the thorax and abdomen), and efferents to striated muscle (of the larynx and pharynx).
Hypersensitivity, Immediate
Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability.
Leukotriene Antagonists
A class of drugs designed to prevent leukotriene synthesis or activity by blocking binding at the receptor level.
Residual Volume
The volume of air remaining in the LUNGS at the end of a maximal expiration. Common abbreviation is RV.
Acetylcholine
A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.
Leukocyte Count
The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.
Signal Transduction
The intracellular transfer of information (biological activation/inhibition) through a signal pathway. In each signal transduction system, an activation/inhibition signal from a biologically active molecule (hormone, neurotransmitter) is mediated via the coupling of a receptor/enzyme to a second messenger system or to an ion channel. Signal transduction plays an important role in activating cellular functions, cell differentiation, and cell proliferation. Examples of signal transduction systems are the GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID-postsynaptic receptor-calcium ion channel system, the receptor-mediated T-cell activation pathway, and the receptor-mediated activation of phospholipases. Those coupled to membrane depolarization or intracellular release of calcium include the receptor-mediated activation of cytotoxic functions in granulocytes and the synaptic potentiation of protein kinase activation. Some signal transduction pathways may be part of larger signal transduction pathways; for example, protein kinase activation is part of the platelet activation signal pathway.
Models, Biological
Theoretical representations that simulate the behavior or activity of biological processes or diseases. For disease models in living animals, DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL is available. Biological models include the use of mathematical equations, computers, and other electronic equipment.
Dogs
The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)
Oscillometry
The measurement of frequency or oscillation changes.
Ipratropium
A muscarinic antagonist structurally related to ATROPINE but often considered safer and more effective for inhalation use. It is used for various bronchial disorders, in rhinitis, and as an antiarrhythmic.
Methacholine Compounds
A group of compounds that are derivatives of beta-methylacetylcholine (methacholine).
Work of Breathing
RESPIRATORY MUSCLE contraction during INHALATION. The work is accomplished in three phases: LUNG COMPLIANCE work, that required to expand the LUNGS against its elastic forces; tissue resistance work, that required to overcome the viscosity of the lung and chest wall structures; and AIRWAY RESISTANCE work, that required to overcome airway resistance during the movement of air into the lungs. Work of breathing does not refer to expiration, which is entirely a passive process caused by elastic recoil of the lung and chest cage. (Guyton, Textbook of Medical Physiology, 8th ed, p406)
Mast Cells
Granulated cells that are found in almost all tissues, most abundantly in the skin and the gastrointestinal tract. Like the BASOPHILS, mast cells contain large amounts of HISTAMINE and HEPARIN. Unlike basophils, mast cells normally remain in the tissues and do not circulate in the blood. Mast cells, derived from the bone marrow stem cells, are regulated by the STEM CELL FACTOR.
Metaplasia
A condition in which there is a change of one adult cell type to another similar adult cell type.
Antigens, Dermatophagoides
Antigens from the house dust mites (DERMATOPHAGOIDES), mainly D. farinae and D. pteronyssinus. They are proteins, found in mite feces or mite extracts, that can cause ASTHMA and other allergic diseases such as perennial rhinitis (RHINITIS, ALLERGIC, PERENNIAL) and atopic dermatitis (DERMATITIS, ATOPIC). More than 11 groups of Dermatophagoides ALLERGENS have been defined. Group I allergens, such as Der f I and Der p I from the above two species, are among the strongest mite immunogens in humans.
Smoke
Models, Anatomic
Three-dimensional representation to show anatomic structures. Models may be used in place of intact animals or organisms for teaching, practice, and study.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
A species of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria commonly isolated from clinical specimens (wound, burn, and urinary tract infections). It is also found widely distributed in soil and water. P. aeruginosa is a major agent of nosocomial infection.
Lung Transplantation
The transference of either one or both of the lungs from one human or animal to another.
Ambrosia
A plant genus of the family ASTERACEAE. The POLLEN is one cause of HAYFEVER.
Muscle Relaxation
That phase of a muscle twitch during which a muscle returns to a resting position.
Cell Count
The number of CELLS of a specific kind, usually measured per unit volume or area of sample.
Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists
Compounds bind to and activate ADRENERGIC BETA-2 RECEPTORS.
Neurokinin A
A mammalian neuropeptide of 10 amino acids that belongs to the tachykinin family. It is similar in structure and action to SUBSTANCE P and NEUROKININ B with the ability to excite neurons, dilate blood vessels, and contract smooth muscles, such as those in the BRONCHI.
Substance P
An eleven-amino acid neurotransmitter that appears in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It is involved in transmission of PAIN, causes rapid contractions of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, and modulates inflammatory and immune responses.
Chemokine CCL24
A CC-type chemokine with specificity for CCR3 RECEPTORS. It is a chemoattractant for EOSINOPHILS.
Eosinophil Granule Proteins
Proteins found in EOSINOPHIL granules. They are primarily basic proteins that play a role in host defense and the proinflammatory actions of activated eosinophils.
Respiration Disorders
Diseases of the respiratory system in general or unspecified or for a specific respiratory disease not available.
Adrenergic beta-Agonists
Drugs that selectively bind to and activate beta-adrenergic receptors.
Uvula
A fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate that hangs above the opening of the throat.
Hyoid Bone
A mobile U-shaped bone that lies in the anterior part of the neck at the level of the third CERVICAL VERTEBRAE. The hyoid bone is suspended from the processes of the TEMPORAL BONES by ligaments, and is firmly bound to the THYROID CARTILAGE by muscles.
Chemokines
Class of pro-inflammatory cytokines that have the ability to attract and activate leukocytes. They can be divided into at least three structural branches: C; (CHEMOKINES, C); CC; (CHEMOKINES, CC); and CXC; (CHEMOKINES, CXC); according to variations in a shared cysteine motif.
Cricoid Cartilage
The small thick cartilage that forms the lower and posterior parts of the laryngeal wall.
Cross-Over Studies
Studies comparing two or more treatments or interventions in which the subjects or patients, upon completion of the course of one treatment, are switched to another. In the case of two treatments, A and B, half the subjects are randomly allocated to receive these in the order A, B and half to receive them in the order B, A. A criticism of this design is that effects of the first treatment may carry over into the period when the second is given. (Last, A Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)
Cell Line
Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely.
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.
Pseudomonas Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.
Mandibular Advancement
Moving a retruded mandible forward to a normal position. It is commonly performed for malocclusion and retrognathia. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992)
Mice, Transgenic
Laboratory mice that have been produced from a genetically manipulated EGG or EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN.
Anesthesia
A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.
Bronchiolitis
Inflammation of the BRONCHIOLES.
Leukotrienes
A family of biologically active compounds derived from arachidonic acid by oxidative metabolism through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. They participate in host defense reactions and pathophysiological conditions such as immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation. They have potent actions on many essential organs and systems, including the cardiovascular, pulmonary, and central nervous system as well as the gastrointestinal tract and the immune system.
Capsaicin
An alkylamide found in CAPSICUM that acts at TRPV CATION CHANNELS.

Role of histamine in airway remodeling of asthmatic guinea pig. (1/267)

To investigate the role of histamine in airway remodeling, 50 healthy guinea pigs were divided into 5 groups: control group: nebulized inhalation of distilled water for 8 weeks; asthma model group: nebulized inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA) for 8 weeks after sensitization; continued asthma model group: nebulized inhalation of OVA for 14 weeks after sensitization; histamine group: nebulized inhalation of OVA for 14 weeks after sensitization and histamine was added in the last 6 weeks; antagonist group: nebulized inhalation of OVA for 14 weeks after sensitization and histamine receptor antagonists were added in the last 6 weeks. For each group, the concentration of histamine, sodium ion (Na(+)), chlorine ion (Cl(-)), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), pH, actual bicarbonate (AB), standard bicarbonate (SB) in serum, and thickness of airway mucosa, base membrane and smooth muscle were measured and compared with each other. The results showed that: (1) the concentration of histamine in serum and the thickness of airway increased, the following order was, the control group, the asthma model group, the continued asthma model group and histamine group (P<0.01); and the concentration of histamine in serum and the thickness of airway of antagonist group was lower than that of the continued asthma model group (P<0.05, 0.01). (2) PaO2 of the asthma model group was lower than that of the normal control group (P<0.01); PaO2, pH, AB, SB decreased, the following order was, the asthma model group, the continued asthma model group and the histamine group (P<0.01); and PaO2, pH, AB, SB of the antagonist group was higher than that of the continued asthma model group (P<0.01); but for PaCO2, the order was converse (P<0.01); For the concentration of Na(+) and Cl(-) in serum, there was no difference among these groups. It is concluded that: (1) Histamine is one of the mediators in the airway remodeling of asthma. (2) Histamine receptor antagonists may play a role in preventing and treating airway remodeling. (3) There is a negative correlation between the PaO2, pH and the wall thickness of the airway (P<0.01), while a positive correlation between the PaCO2, anion gap (AG) and the wall thickness of the airway (P<0.01).  (+info)

Anti-angiogenic activity of carebastine: a plausible mechanism affecting airway remodelling. (2/267)

 (+info)

Reticular basement membrane in asthma and COPD: similar thickness, yet different composition. (3/267)

BACKGROUND: Reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening has been variably associated with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Even if RBM thickness is similar in both diseases, its composition might still differ. OBJECTIVE: To assess whether RBM thickness and composition differ between asthma and COPD. METHODS: We investigated 24 allergic asthmatics (forced expiratory volume in one second [FEV(1)] 92% predicted), and 17 nonallergic COPD patients (FEV(1) 60% predicted), and for each group a control group of similar age and smoking habits (12 and 10 persons, respectively). Snap-frozen sections of bronchial biopsies were stained with hematoxylin/eosin and for collagen I, III, IV, V, laminin and tenascin. RBM thickening was assessed by digital image analysis. Relative staining intensity of each matrix component was determined. RESULTS: Mean (SD) RBM thickness was not significantly different between asthma and COPD 5.5 (1.3) vs 6.0 (1.8) microm, but significantly larger than in their healthy counterparts, ie, 4.7 (0.9) and 4.8 (1.2) microm, respectively. Collagen I and laminin stained significantly stronger in asthma than in COPD. Tenascin stained stronger in asthma than in healthy controls of similar age, and stronger in COPD controls than in asthma controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: RBM thickening occurs both in asthma and COPD. We provide supportive evidence that its composition differs in asthma and COPD.  (+info)

Monitoring sputum eosinophils in mucosal inflammation and remodelling: a pilot study. (4/267)

 (+info)

Effects of vitamin E on mitochondrial dysfunction and asthma features in an experimental allergic murine model. (5/267)

 (+info)

Recovery of airway protective behaviors after spinal cord injury. (6/267)

 (+info)

p70 Ribosomal S6 kinase is required for airway smooth muscle cell size enlargement but not increased contractile protein expression. (7/267)

 (+info)

Arginase: a key enzyme in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma opening novel therapeutic perspectives. (8/267)

 (+info)

iMedPub | Insight Medical Publishing |airwayiMedPub | Insight Medical Publishing |airway
iMedPub is a new approach to scientific publishing. As an open service to scientists, it is driven by researchers for researchers, while serving the interests of the general public airway | .
http://www.imedpub.com/search-results.php?keyword=airway
Qantas Airways Ltd, QAN:DUS summary - FT.comQantas Airways Ltd, QAN:DUS summary - FT.com
Latest Qantas Airways Ltd (QAN:DUS) share price with interactive charts, historical prices, comparative analysis, forecasts, business profile and more.
https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/summary?s=QAN:DUS
Qantas Airways Ltd, QAN:BER summary - FT.comQantas Airways Ltd, QAN:BER summary - FT.com
Latest Qantas Airways Ltd (QAN:BER) share price with interactive charts, historical prices, comparative analysis, forecasts, business profile and more.
https://markets.ft.com/data/equities/tearsheet/summary?s=QAN:BER
The Airway CourseThe Airway Course
Занятие за границей: первопричины да перспективы Во сегодняшний день про работодателя не так важен диплом, который заверяет об полученном образовании, а теоретические да утилитарные навыки, который Вы смогли купить в ходе обучения. Как не прискорбно, Университеты в нашей стране как правило никак не готовы дать те знания да искусства, что требует настоящий рабочий рынок. Оттого ...
http://www.carolinascoreconcepts.com/the-airway-course/
北京大学医学部机构知识库(IR@PKUHSC): Prior SO(2) exposure promotes airway inflammation and subepithelial fibrosis following repeated...北京大学医学部机构知识库([email protected]): Prior SO(2) exposure promotes airway inflammation and subepithelial fibrosis following repeated...
Background Exposure to allergens or air pollutants often leads to asthma exacerbations associated with aggravation of airway inflammation. Although, repeated allergen challenge often induces chronic allergic airway inflammation (CAAI) and airway remodelling, yet, the effects of brief exposure to air pollutants such as SO(2) on development of CAAI and airway remodelling remain to be clarified.. Objective The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of acute neutrophilic airway inflammation induced by brief exposure to SO(2) on development of CAAI and subepithelial fibrosis (SEF) in a murine model of asthma.. Methods Acute airway inflammation was induced by brief exposure to 50 p.p.m. SO(2) (1 h/d, 3 days). CAAI and SEF in BALB/c mice were induced by repeated challenge with ovalbumin (OVA) for 5 or 9 weeks with or without prior exposure to SO(2). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) eosinophilia as index of CAAI, BALF endothelin- 1 (ET-1) and TGF-beta 1 levels, morphometric evaluation ...
http://ir.bjmu.edu.cn/handle/400002259/62764
Transepithelial exit of leucocytes: inflicting, reflecting or resolving airway inflammation? | ThoraxTransepithelial exit of leucocytes: inflicting, reflecting or resolving airway inflammation? | Thorax
The potential role of egression as a means of reducing airway inflammation underscores the importance of cell clearance from the bronchial lumen. Death through apoptosis, followed by phagocytosis, is the topical mechanism of cell elimination. Apoptosis of cells in the airway lumen has been much studied during the last two decades with the assumption that observation on lumen cells would be valid for cells in the airway wall. However, apoptosis of lumen cells cannot reflect apoptosis in the airway wall (dead cells do not walk). In this overview we discuss cell apoptosis in the airway lumen merely to see if there are data indicating involvement of this mechanism in final elimination of the cells already eliminated from the airway wall. A widely quoted, uncontrolled study from 199660 reported that steroid treatment increased the percentage of apoptotic eosinophils in the airway lumen, claiming that this action could resolve airway inflammation in asthma. A subsequent placebo-controlled trial, ...
http://thorax.bmj.com/content/early/2010/08/04/thx.2009.133363
Your AA & US Airways miles will be combing soon! What happens to Barclays US Airways Credit Card? - Takeoff With MilesYour AA & US Airways miles will be combing soon! What happens to Barclays US Airways Credit Card? - Takeoff With Miles
As per the email, Dividend miles will be integrated in to AAdvantage with in the next 30 days and your Dividend miles will be converted to AAdvantage miles at a 1:1 ratio.. While this is not a surprise, you need to remember the following. 1. Dividend miles program will be discontinued after the integration in to AAdvantage, but the ability to redeem Dividend miles will be discontinued much sooner. So hurry up and book any awards you want to redeem with Dividend miles, otherwise you will have to redeem per AAdvantage program.. 2. You must link your US Airways Dividend miles account and AAdvantage account before March 20, 2015. If you do not link your account, you may get a new AAdvantage account replacing your US Airways Dividend miles account.. What happens to Barclays US Airways Premier World Master Card?. 3. This is a sure sign that Barclays US Airways Premier World Master Card card will disappear very soon. When I recently referred a few friends for this card, the email mentions April 17, ...
http://takeoffwithmiles.com/your-aa-us-airways-miles-will-be-combing-soon-what-happens-to-barclays-us-airways-credit-card/
Plus itPlus it
In this study, we sought to characterize the heretofore unknown landscape of somatic genome-wide chromosomal alterations in the airway field of cancerization in NSCLC. To comprehensively interrogate genome-wide AI in the airway field, we compiled and studied a rich set of matched NSCLCs and spatially distributed normal-appearing airway epithelia. We applied a novel algorithm hapLOH (14) and performed genome-wide assessment of AI in matched NSCLC tissues, germline samples (normal lung parenchyma or blood cells), and multiple normal-appearing airway epithelia. We also investigated intrafield heterogeneity by genome-wide survey of multiple spatially distributed airway field samples found in both the local/adjacent airway field (airways adjacent to tumors) and relatively more distant fields (large airways and nasal epithelia). We found that almost half (22/45) of the NSCLC patients harbored AI events in the normal-appearing airway field, the majority of which matched alterations in the paired ...
http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/76/13/3676
US8973573B2 - Bite block with airway mount - Google PatentsUS8973573B2 - Bite block with airway mount - Google Patents
A bite block 20 for use during transoral medical procedures has a main lumen 42 and a side mount 110 for receiving a separately inserted airway 160 . The airway 110 may be a commercially available nasopharangeal airway which is inserted in mount 110 and extends into the oral cavity so as to effectively function as oral pharangeal airway.
https://patents.google.com/patent/US8973573B2/en
What is Chronic Asthma? (with pictures)What is Chronic Asthma? (with pictures)
Chronic asthma is a condition in which a persons airways are persistently inflamed and irritated. Whenever an external trigger...
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-chronic-asthma.htm
Epithelial JNK-TGFb1 Signaling Axis in Airway Remodeling - Yvonne Janssen-HeiningerEpithelial JNK-TGFb1 Signaling Axis in Airway Remodeling - Yvonne Janssen-Heininger
The development of subepithelial fibrosis represents an important feature of airway remodeling in asthma, and a critical role for epithelial cells herei is emer...
https://grantome.com/grant/NIH/R01-HL085464-06
IL-13 and IL-17 dynamics in the asthmatic airway - Dean SheppardIL-13 and IL-17 dynamics in the asthmatic airway - Dean Sheppard
This proposal seeks to renew an Asthma and Allergic Diseases Cooperative Research Center that has been focusing on the mechanisms of initiation and persistence...
http://grantome.com/grant/NIH/U19-AI077439-06
News: New Perks With the British Airways Visa Credit... - Credit-Land.comNews: New Perks With the British Airways Visa Credit... - Credit-Land.com
News: Now people with the British Airways Visa Signature Card can get a bit of a break when booking flights with British Airways when using Avios to pay for their flight. Cardholders can now get up to $600...
https://www.credit-land.com/news/new-perks-with-the-british-airways-visa-credit-card-6098.html
British Airways Launches New Reward App | Airways MagazineBritish Airways Launches New Reward App | Airways Magazine
British Airways announced their new reward App for the executive club members, which will allow them to find new ways to collect and spend Avios points.
https://airwaysmag.com/airlines/british-airways-launches-new-reward-app/
Essay about Some Facts About Tiger Airways - 325 WordsEssay about Some Facts About Tiger Airways - 325 Words
Some Facts About Tiger Airways Why would Australians fly with Tiger Airways despite knowing some of the risks they might encounter? Who are these people
http://www.studymode.com/essays/Some-Facts-About-Tiger-Airways-650675.html
Double Lumen Airways | Medical Supplies & Equipment | Medex SupplyDouble Lumen Airways | Medical Supplies & Equipment | Medex Supply
Shop at Medex Supply for all your needs in Double Lumen Airways. Find all the top brands, quality products and competitive pricing, only at Medex Supply
https://www.medexsupply.com/ems-supplies-airway-management-tracheal-instruments-double-lumen-airways-x_cp-956.htm
Imaging of the Airways: Functional and Radiologic CorrelationsImaging of the Airways: Functional and Radiologic Correlations
Written by recognized authorities on thoracic imaging, this volume is the first to examine all modalities-both noninvasive and invasive-for visualizing the airways.
https://www.ovid.com/product-details.5095.html
Baggage essentials | British AirwaysBaggage essentials | British Airways
Find out everything you need to know about taking baggage with you on flights with British Airways and our partners, what you can pack, and what to do when something goes wrong.
https://www.britishairways.com/en-ca/information/baggage-essentials?source=MNVINF3baggage_essentials
Medical conditions and pregnancy | Special Assistance | British AirwaysMedical conditions and pregnancy | Special Assistance | British Airways
British Airways offer help and information about travelling if you have medical conditions or are pregnant, including fitness to fly, passenger medical clearance and travelling with medications.
https://www.britishairways.com/en-ie/information/travel-assistance/medical-conditions-and-pregnancy
U.S. Rebuffs Data Request From AMR, US Airways - WSJU.S. Rebuffs Data Request From AMR, US Airways - WSJ
The Justice Department said it is allowed to withhold information about whom it interviewed for its analysis of AMRs merger with US Airways.
https://www.wsj.com/articles/us-rebuffs-data-request-from-amr-us-airways-1380304142?tesla=y
British Airways hack was by same group that compromised Ticketmaster | CSO OnlineBritish Airways hack was by same group that compromised Ticketmaster | CSO Online
The British Airways hack involved a highly targeted approach using 22 lines of skimmer code by the group that compromised Ticketmaster.
https://www.csoonline.com/article/3305416/british-airways-hack-was-by-same-group-that-compromised-ticketmaster.html
British Airways data breach worse than thoughtBritish Airways data breach worse than thought
British Airways have admitted that up to 185,000 more people than first thought may have had personal details compromised in Augusts data breach
https://www.computerweekly.com/news/252451391/British-Airways-data-breach-worse-than-thought
JBLU Stock Technical Analysis | JetBlue Airways | SwingTradeBot.comJBLU Stock Technical Analysis | JetBlue Airways | SwingTradeBot.com
Current Technical Analysis and interactive chart for $JBLU stock / shares. See the current trading strategy, trend(s), rating and buy and sell signals.
https://swingtradebot.com/equities/JBLU
Changes related to Book:Airway stents - TextbookRevolutionChanges related to Book:Airway stents - TextbookRevolution
This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold ...
http://textbookrevolution.org/index.php?title=Special:RecentChangesLinked&hideliu=1&days=1&target=Book%3AAirway_stents
Changes related to Book:Airway stents - TextbookRevolutionChanges related to Book:Airway stents - TextbookRevolution
This is a list of changes made recently to pages linked from a specified page (or to members of a specified category). Pages on your watchlist are bold ...
http://textbookrevolution.org/index.php?title=Special:RecentChangesLinked&limit=250&target=Book%3AAirway_stents
BASIM | OpenAirwayBASIM | OpenAirway
Although not an airway course, we have been greatly influenced by the methods used in BASIM for creating and undertaking airway simulations. Highly recommended course presented by the master Dr David Grant himself.. ...
http://openairway.org/tag/basim/
Goedkope vliegtickets naar Changwat Phuket vanaf €214 - KAYAKGoedkope vliegtickets naar Changwat Phuket vanaf €214 - KAYAK
Vind vluchten naar Changwat Phuket vanuit €214. Vlieg vanuit België op Finnair, Qatar Airways, Etihad Airways en meer. Zoek nu naar Changwat Phuket vluchten bij KAYAK en vind de beste aanbieding.
https://www.be.kayak.com/vluchten/Belgie-BE0/Changwat-Phuket-THPU
Vitamin D deficiency is associated with airway remodelling and altered lung structure and function</em>...Vitamin D deficiency is associated with airway remodelling and altered lung structure and function</em>...
TY - THES. T1 - Vitamin D deficiency is associated with airway remodelling and altered lung structure and function. AU - Foong, Rachel Ee Lin. PY - 2015. Y1 - 2015. N2 - The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is high all over the world and there is now a large body of evidence linking vitamin D deficiency to chronic conditions, including autoimmune, infectious, cardiovascular and respiratory disease. Of relevance to chronic respiratory disease, some studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent in patients with asthma. Lower vitamin D levels are also associated with reduced lung function, increased asthma exacerbations and airway remodelling. In asthma, structural alterations in the lung have origins in early life, and factors that influence lung development may alter lung function and cause an increased susceptibility to disease in the long term. Vitamin D may be a factor affecting lung development, and maternal vitamin D deficiency may therefore contribute to asthma ...
https://research-repository.uwa.edu.au/en/publications/vitamin-d-deficiency-is-associated-with-airway-remodelling-and-al
Markers of small airway involvement and asthma control - GINASMAMarkers of small airway involvement and asthma control - GINASMA
Background. Asthma is a chronic airway disease characterized by episodic symptoms that are associated with functional alterations. It is well known that airways inflammation plays a basic role in the pathogenesis of asthma, and many autoptic and bioptic studies have shown that inflammation involves the entire bronchial tree, from proximal to distal airways. Many studies have demonstrated that inflammatory cells, particularly eosinophils, are well represented in both the inner and the outer layer of the small airway walls, sometimes with a higher density in comparison with large airway walls.. Small airways are the most peripheral airways with an internal diameter , 2 mm and in this zone oxygen and carbon dioxide exchanges take place. The contribution of small airways to the development of the clinical features and functional impairment in asthma is incompletely understood, probably due to the unavailability of definite noninvasive techniques for the study of small airways. Pathological changes ...
http://ginasma.it/markers-of-small-airway-involvement-and-asthma-control/
Burcin Fraser, MD, MPHBurcin Fraser, MD, MPH
1. Persistent rotavirus vaccine shedding in a new case of severe combined immunodeficiency: A reason to screen. Uygungil B, Bleesing JJ, Risma KA, McNeal MM, Rothenberg ME. JACI 2009; 125(1): 270-271.. 2. Identifying an at-risk population of children with recurrent near-fatal asthma exacerbations: Carroll CL, Uygungil B, Zucker AR, Schramm CM. J Asthma. 2010 May; 47(4):460-4.. 3. A novel subset of CD4+ TH2 memory/effector cells that produce inflammatory IL-17 cytokine and promote the exacerbation of chronic allergic asthma. Wang YH, Voo KS, Liu B, Chen CY, Uygungil B, Spoede W, Bernstein JA, Huston DP, Liu YJ. J Exp Med. 2010 207(11): 2479-91. PMCID: PMC2964570. 4. Immunodeficiency: a problem with the faucet or the drain? Uygungil, B., Assaad, A, Khurahana Hershey, GK, Risma K. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2011 107(6):547-9. 5. Severe allergic reaction to thiol-based cytoprotective agents mesna and amifostine in a child with ...
https://www.virginiaallergyrelief.com/doctors/burcin-fraser-md-mph/
Differences in radiological/HRCT findings in eosinophilic bronchitis and asthma: implication for bronchial responsiveness |...Differences in radiological/HRCT findings in eosinophilic bronchitis and asthma: implication for bronchial responsiveness |...
AHR in asthma may be mainly attributed to the inflammation and remodelling of the airways as a consequence of epithelial damage, subepithelial fibrosis, increased airway vasculature, deposition of proteoglycans, and smooth muscle changes.32 In this study the relationship between airway morphology and AHR in patients with EB and those with asthma was compared using thin section CT scanning. We observed no thickening of the large airway walls in patients with EB, whereas patients with mild asthma had significantly thicker walls in the large airways than those with EB. Given that the extent of airway inflammation is comparable between these two diseases, thickening of the large airways in asthmatics would appear to be due to airway remodelling rather than inflammation. In addition, we found that the amount of air trapping and centrilobular prominence was similar in patients with EB and in asthmatics. These results suggest that the absence of thickening of the walls of the large airways in patients ...
https://thorax.bmj.com/content/61/1/41?ijkey=3be28790674afde07988467eec231c634f1f0cae&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Correlation between airway wall area of the apical segmental bronchus with distal airway wall thickening in non-asthmatic...Correlation between airway wall area of the apical segmental bronchus with distal airway wall thickening in non-asthmatic...
We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you click Continue well assume that you are happy to receive all cookies and you wont see this message again. Click Find out more for information on how to change your cookie settings ...
https://www.expmedndm.ox.ac.uk/publications/871731
METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DIAGNOSING, MONITORING, OR TREATING MEDICAL CONDITIONS THROUGH AN OPENING THROUGH AN AIRWAY WALL -...METHODS AND DEVICES FOR DIAGNOSING, MONITORING, OR TREATING MEDICAL CONDITIONS THROUGH AN OPENING THROUGH AN AIRWAY WALL -...
0266] Once the POE and tunnel, channel or path direction or orientation is determined, a needle or other piercing member may be fed from the working channel of the scope to make a hole through the airway wall at the POE. This may be followed by a balloon catheter or mechanical dilator to dilate the hole or opening. Alternatively, other means may be used to create a hole big enough to allow subsequent passing of other larger diameter tools. For example, a circular punch, a flat blade with a pointed tip, a cross shaped blade with a sharpened tip, an RF probe, or an RF snare may be used to create a slit, slits, or a larger opening in the airway wall without employing a dilation balloon. Once the hole has been dilated, a sheath or other elongate instrument may be fed through the hole or opening and into the lung tissue. The sheath may contain a dissecting catheter which may fill the entire or substantially entire internal diameter of the sheath so that when the sheath is fed through lung tissue, ...
http://www.patentsencyclopedia.com/app/20120289815
International Science SchoolInternational Science School
After the last of the morning activities, Peter Waterhouse presented his second, fascinating lecture on gene silencing. He explained the function of proteins called argonauts and dicers, and how they help to fight against viruses. Waterhouse then went on to explain how the use of such proteins can cause the suppresion of an organisms own genes and how this can be important for the development of an organism.. Alaina Ammit presented her lecture after lunch, on asthma and developments that could lead to a cure, or at least decrease the severity of asthma in patients. She explained that asthma is often caused by a hypersensitivity to allergens and that this hypersensitivity leads to a remodelling of the airway to make asthma more prevailent. Ammit then went on to explain that targeting specific proteins can reduce airway remodelling and thus make asthma less severe.. Students went on their last activities in the afternoon, before hurrying back to the college to prepare for the Galaxy Quest talent ...
http://www.scienceschool.usyd.edu.au/history/2009/index.php?page=days/day11
Nasopharyngeal AirwayNasopharyngeal Airway
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Nasopharyngeal Airway, Nasal Pharangeal Airway, Nasal Airway, Nasal Trumpet.
https://fpnotebook.com/ER/Procedure/NsphrynglArwy.htm
Chronic Asthma - I Am Suffering From Chronic | Practo ConsultChronic Asthma - I Am Suffering From Chronic | Practo Consult
22 yrs old Male asked about Chronic asthma, 1 doctor answered this and 174 people found it useful. Get your query answered 24*7 only on | Practo Consult
https://www.practo.com/consult/chronic-asthma-i-am-suffering-from-chronic-asthma-i-get-asthma-attack-in-the-starting-of-winter-season-most-probably/q
airwaysairways
airways thought-leaders and airways related healthcare social media twitter hashtags. Discover who to follow and where the healthcare discussions are taking place.
https://www.symplur.com/topic/airways/
Second day in the hospital | Operation AirwaySecond day in the hospital | Operation Airway
We were able to open up his airway and place a stent (which Dr. Mirambeaux received from another family in the United States) that will allow his airway to heal.. The hospital does not supply any needed supplies for the physicians. Dr. Mirambeaux orders his trachs from Ebay when he needs them. They do not have nurses who scrub in and assist in the cases. This is performed by the residents.. The critical care team spent the day caring for the patients and learning the culture of the hospital. Everybody at the hospital seemed very receptive to learning about how to care for this type of patients. After the surgery, the anesthesiologist stayed with our patient until he was fully recovered.. ...
https://operationairway.masseyeandear.org/2015/09/19/second-day-in-the-hospital/
Oralpharyngeal Airway Berman by Teleflex MedicalOralpharyngeal Airway Berman by Teleflex Medical
Need Teleflex Medical Oralpharyngeal Airway Berman? Cascade Healthcare Solutions has Teleflex Medical Oralpharyngeal Airway Berman - 121803EA
https://www.cascadehealthcaresolutions.com/oralpharyngeal-airway-berman-p/121803ea.htm
Jim Radcliffe, BS, MBA, EMT-P | EMS Airway ClinicJim Radcliffe, BS, MBA, EMT-P | EMS Airway Clinic
The airway is the first priority in EMS. Its also often the most overwhelming. Learn how airway expert and instructor Jim Radcliffe, BS, MBA, EMT-P, reduces that stress.. Read More » ...
http://emsairwayclinic.fireemsblogs.com/author/jim-radcliffe/
Airway ProblemsAirway Problems
Children are susceptible to a number of airway problems, thanks in part to the fact that their anatomy and immune systems arent yet fully developed.
http://www.myearnoseandthroat.com/pediatrics/airway-problems/
US Airways Increases Bid for Delta - washingtonpost.comUS Airways Increases Bid for Delta - washingtonpost.com
ATLANTA -- US Airways increased the pressure on Delta Air Lines unsecured creditors to take its buyout offer by raising the bid Wednesday nearly 20 percent to $10.3 billion. Whether the deal would survive regulatory scrutiny may be the deciding factor.
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/01/10/AR2007011002357_pf.html
Terms and Conditions for JetPrivilege - Jet AirwaysTerms and Conditions for JetPrivilege - Jet Airways
You must read JetPrivilege Terms & Conditions page carefully, before quoting your JetPrivilege membership number to Jet Airways or any Programme Partner.
https://www.jetairways.com/EN/MY/TermsAndConditions/JetPrivilege.aspx
Airway Regulation and Inflammation Chair - Michael SuretteAirway Regulation and Inflammation Chair - Michael Surette
This research has the potential to transform the ways we understand human health and prevent, diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions.. ...
https://fhs.mcmaster.ca/main/canada_chairs/interdisciplinary_microbiome_research_chair.html
Lifestyle & etc. | Thai AirwaysLifestyle & etc. | Thai Airways
The best way to keep inform, THAI UPDATES gives you the latest in special fares, promotions, services and news from across the THAI network.. ...
http://www.thaiairways.com/en_KR/hilight_destination/life_style/new_year_tg.page
Lifestyle & etc. | Thai AirwaysLifestyle & etc. | Thai Airways
The best way to keep inform, THAI UPDATES gives you the latest in special fares, promotions, services and news from across the THAI network.. ...
http://www.thaiairways.com/de_CH/hilight_destination/life_style/rakkhuntaofah_2014.page
Quantitative computed tomography: emphysema and airway wall thickness by sex, age and smoking | European Respiratory SocietyQuantitative computed tomography: emphysema and airway wall thickness by sex, age and smoking | European Respiratory Society
Data for all parameters are presented as median (25th-75th percentile) or mean±sd. Data for % low-attenuation areas , -950 HU are presented as median and for AWT-Pi10 (airway wall thickness for an airway with an internal perimeter of 10 mm) as mean. The p-values were calculated using Kruskall-Wallis (low-attenuation area) and ANOVA (AWT-Pi10). HU: Hounsfield units; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. #: standardised measurement of airway wall thickness. The bold p-values indicate significance. ...
https://erj.ersjournals.com/content/34/4/858.figures-only
OPUS at UTS: Tissue and matrix influences on airway smooth muscle function - Open Publications of UTS ScholarsOPUS at UTS: Tissue and matrix influences on airway smooth muscle function - Open Publications of UTS Scholars
Asthma is characterized by structural changes in the airways - airway remodelling. These changes include an increase in the bulk of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) and alterations in the profile of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the airway wall. The mechanisms leading to airway remodelling are not well understood. ASM cells have the potential to play a key role in these processes through the production and release of ECM proteins. The ASM cells and ECM proteins are each able to influence the behaviour and characteristics of the other. The modified ECM profile in the asthmatic airway may contribute to the altered behaviour of the ASM cells, such responses to ECM proteins are modulated through the cell surface expression of integrin receptors. ASM cells from asthmatic individuals express different levels of some integrin subunits compared to nonasthmatic ASM cells, which have the potential to further influence their responses to the ECM proteins in the airways. ECM homeostasis requires the ...
https://opus.lib.uts.edu.au/handle/10453/28545
PPARγ Ligands Regulate Noncontractile and Contractile Functions of Airway Smooth Muscle: Implications for Asthma TherapyPPARγ Ligands Regulate Noncontractile and Contractile Functions of Airway Smooth Muscle: Implications for Asthma Therapy
In asthma, the increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) can contribute to inflammation, airway wall remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Targetting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor |i|γ|/i| (PPAR|i|γ|/i|), a receptor upregulated in ASM in asthmatic airways, may provide a novel approach to regulate these contributions. This review summarises experimental evidence that PPAR|i|γ|/i| ligands, such as rosiglitazone (RGZ) and pioglitazone (PGZ), inhibit proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production from ASM |i|in vitro|/i|. In addition, inhaled administration of these ligands reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and airway remodelling in mouse models of allergen-induced airways disease. PPAR|i|γ|/i| ligands can also regulate ASM contractility, with acute treatment eliciting relaxation of mouse trachea |i|in vitro |/i|through a PPAR|i|γ|/i|-independent mechanism. Chronic treatment can protect against the loss of bronchodilator sensitivity to |i|β|
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ppar/2012/809164/
Airway wall thickening with bilateral pleural plaques s | Open-iAirway wall thickening with bilateral pleural plaques s | Open-i
Airway wall thickening with bilateral pleural plaques seen in the lateral aspects of both lung fields on AP view. No interstitial disease is noted.
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=MPX1946_synpic16657&req=4
Cutting Edge: Targeting Epithelial ORMDL3 Increases, Rather than Reduces, Airway Responsiveness and Is Associated with...Cutting Edge: Targeting Epithelial ORMDL3 Increases, Rather than Reduces, Airway Responsiveness and Is Associated with...
These studies of Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10 mice demonstrate that selectively inhibiting ORMDL3 in airway epithelial cells plays a significant role in induction of allergen-induced increases in AHR in vivo through a pathway independent of inflammation and associated with a pathway of increased S1P generation, which can induce increased smooth muscle contraction. These results further suggest that utilizing an inhalation therapeutic approach in asthma targeting a selective significant reduction in ORMDL3 expression in airway epithelium may paradoxically result in increased AHR as a consequence of increased epithelial-derived S1P increasing airway smooth muscle contractility. Whether an inhalation therapy targeting a less than complete inhibition of ORMDL3 expression by airway epithelium would also result in increased AHR is at present unknown. However, a therapy inducing only partial inhibition of ORMDL3 expression in the airway may also not be an effective therapy in asthma.. In this study, we ...
http://www.jimmunol.org/content/198/8/3017
Airway Stent Market Insights, Competitive Landscape and Market Forecast-2025 - WisconsinchronicleAirway Stent Market Insights, Competitive Landscape and Market Forecast-2025 - Wisconsinchronicle
The Airway Stent market report provides an overview of Airway Stent, reasons to get Airway Stent as well as its advantages and limitations. Additionally, the report provides insight on the Airway Stent market share of the individual Airway Stent devices, current and forecasted Airway Stent market size from 2017 to 2025 segmented by seven major markets. The report also covers the market drivers, market barriers and unmet medical needs to curate best of the opportunities and assesses underlying potential of the market.. Airway Stent Overview. Airway stents refer to shaped cylinder gadgets inserted in a respiratory track, and are referred to as interventional aspiratory or respiratory stents.. Because of the systems that are not reasonable for replication and resection, airway stenting soothes the respiratory track block. The global demand for airway stenting is projected to witness substantial growth due to these advantages. The prevalence of pulmonary lung cancer has dramatically risen in recent ...
https://news.wisconsinchronicle.com/story/259449/airway-stent-market-insights-competitive-landscape-and-market-forecast2025.html
Changes in airway dimensions on computed tomography scans of children with cystic fibrosisChanges in airway dimensions on computed tomography scans of children with cystic fibrosis
In CF, quantitative measurements of airways on CT scans show an increased ratio between airway LA and AA and progressive airway wall thickening. Scoring systems show progression of bronchiectasis but unchanged AWT. PFTs remained stable.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15831838/?dopt=Abstract
Chin-lift airway technique | definition of chin-lift airway technique by Medical dictionaryChin-lift airway technique | definition of chin-lift airway technique by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of chin-lift airway technique in the Medical Dictionary? chin-lift airway technique explanation free. What is chin-lift airway technique? Meaning of chin-lift airway technique medical term. What does chin-lift airway technique mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/chin-lift+airway+technique
Neurogenic airway | definition of neurogenic airway by Medical dictionaryNeurogenic airway | definition of neurogenic airway by Medical dictionary
Looking for online definition of neurogenic airway in the Medical Dictionary? neurogenic airway explanation free. What is neurogenic airway? Meaning of neurogenic airway medical term. What does neurogenic airway mean?
https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/neurogenic+airway
Most recent papers with the keyword Dexamethasone asthma | Read by QxMDMost recent papers with the keyword Dexamethasone asthma | Read by QxMD
BACKGROUND: Patients with severe asthma have increased airway remodelling and elevated numbers of circulating fibrocytes with enhanced myofibroblastic differentiation capacity, despite being treated with high doses of corticosteroids, and long acting β2-adrenergic receptor (AR) agonists (LABAs). We determined the effect of β2-AR agonists, alone or in combination with corticosteroids, on fibrocyte function. METHODS: Non-adherent non-T cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy subjects and patients with non-severe or severe asthma were treated with the β2-AR agonist, salmeterol, in the presence or absence of the corticosteroid dexamethasone ...
https://www.readbyqxmd.com/keyword/120295
Effect of field of view on accuracy of airway wall meas | Open-iEffect of field of view on accuracy of airway wall meas | Open-i
Effect of field of view on accuracy of airway wall measurement. All images were reconstructed with use of standard kernel (B50f) and 0.75 mm slice thickness. Me
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC2627250_kjr-9-226-g004&req=4
Plus itPlus it
The earliest and constant pathological abnormality in the airway of smokers is the cellular inflammatory infiltrate throughout the wall. Inflammation, per se, may be responsible for mild airflow limitation 4, 9, 19, and it has been suggested that inflammation may lead to functional bronchiolar constriction by releasing mediators of inflammation that may act directly on bronchiolar smooth muscle 20. The chronicity of the inflammation would, in turn, produce other changes, such as fibrosis of the airway, and could increase the amount of smooth muscle either directly as a result of inflammation or indirectly as a result of chronically increased muscle tone. These changes, by increasing the thickness of the airway wall, would promote airway narrowing and airflow limitation. Finally, inflammation of the airway could play an important role in the destruction of the alveolar walls attached to the airway (alveolar attachments), and this decrease in alveolar attachments would contribute further to ...
http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/18/34_suppl/41s
What is Airway Inflammation? (with pictures)What is Airway Inflammation? (with pictures)
Airway inflammation is a state of irritation in the airways caused by the immune system responding to a perceived threat. If the...
https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-airway-inflammation.htm
Hyaluronan serves a novel role in airway mucosal host defense<...Hyaluronan serves a novel role in airway mucosal host defense<...
TY - JOUR. T1 - Hyaluronan serves a novel role in airway mucosal host defense. AU - Forteza, Rosanna. AU - Lieb, Thomas. AU - Aoki, Teresa. AU - Savani, Rashmin C.. AU - Conner, Gregory E.. AU - Salathe, Matthias. PY - 2001/10/16. Y1 - 2001/10/16. N2 - Enzymes secreted onto epithelial surfaces play a vital role in innate mucosal defense, but are believed to be steadily removed from the surface by mechanical actions. Thus, the amount and availability of enzymes on the surface are thought to be maintained by secretion. In contrast to this paradigm, we show here that enzymes are retained at the apical surface of the airway epithelium by binding to surface-associated hyaluronan, providing an apical enzyme pool ready for use and protected from ciliary clearance. We have studied lactoperoxidase, which prevents bacterial colonization of the airway, and kallikrein, which mediates allergic bronchoconstriction that limits the inhalation of noxious substances. Binding to hyaluronan inhibits kallikrein, ...
https://miami.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/hyaluronan-serves-a-novel-role-in-airway-mucosal-host-defense
Food particles in small airways from aspiration from trauma | Mayo Clinic ConnectFood particles in small airways from aspiration from trauma | Mayo Clinic Connect
16 yr old daughter. Hit by car. Lung obstruction in small airways. Biopsy shows inflammation and plant based material. They think lettuce from Subway sandwich […]
https://connect.mayoclinic.org/discussion/food-particles-in-small-airways-from-aspiration-from-trauma/?pg=1
What is AsthmaWhat is Asthma
Asthma is a disease affecting the airways that carry air to and from your lungs. The inside walls of an asthmatics airways are swollen or inflamed. This swelling or inflammation makes the airways extremely sensitive to irritations and increases your susceptibility to an allergic reaction. As inflammation causes the airways to become narrower, less air can pass…
https://nutraceuticalasia.com/2016/07/14/asthma/
Nasosafe (NP) Nasopharyngeal Airway - Colour CodedNasosafe (NP) Nasopharyngeal Airway - Colour Coded
The Nasosafe Nasopharyngeal Airway has an innovative design. The swivel safety grip eliminates the risk of the airway travelling down the nasal passage while providing the maximum comfort for the patient.
https://www.spservices.co.uk/item/NasosafeNPNasopharyngealAirway_4_0_2421_1.html
Airway Inflammation and the 7 Stealthy Sleep SmashersAirway Inflammation and the 7 Stealthy Sleep Smashers
The more narrow your upper airway due to having a smaller mouth, the more symptoms youll feel with any degree of inflammation and swelling.
https://doctorstevenpark.com/airway-inflammation-and-the-7-stealthy-sleep-smashers
The Importance of a Proper Airway - McCarl Dental GroupThe Importance of a Proper Airway - McCarl Dental Group
Food you can live without for 40 days. Water you can live without a few days, but air you can only live without a few minutes. Airway function is essential.
https://www.mccarldental.com/blog/importance-proper-airway/
Imaging of the Airway | David P. Naidich Book | Buy Now | at Mighty Ape NZImaging of the Airway | David P. Naidich Book | Buy Now | at Mighty Ape NZ
Buy Imaging of the Airway by David P. Naidich at Mighty Ape NZ. Written by recognised authorities on thoracic imaging, this volume is the first to examine all modalities--both noninvasive and invasive--for visualis...
https://www.mightyape.co.nz/product/imaging-of-the-airway-functional-and-radiologic-correlations-hardback/1825269
Respiratory - Assessing & Managing Airway Flashcards by Ingrid Chamberlain | BrainscapeRespiratory - Assessing & Managing Airway Flashcards by Ingrid Chamberlain | Brainscape
Study Respiratory - Assessing & Managing Airway flashcards from Ingrid Chamberlain's class online, or in Brainscape's iPhone or Android app. ✓ Learn faster with spaced repetition.
https://www.brainscape.com/flashcards/respiratory-assessing-managing-airway-494058/packs/2979027
JetBlue Airways Corp. Stock Price (JBLU) | BarronsJetBlue Airways Corp. Stock Price (JBLU) | Barrons
View todays stock price, news and analysis for JetBlue Airways Corp. (JBLU). Barrons also provides information on historical stock ratings, target prices, company earnings, market valuation and more.
https://www.barrons.com/quote/stock/us/xnas/jblu
Kenya Airways Pilots Plead With Kenyatta to Save Their Jobs - allAfrica.comKenya Airways Pilots Plead With Kenyatta to Save Their Jobs - allAfrica.com
Pilots are seeking the intervention of President Uhuru Kenyatta to save their jobs as struggling Kenya Airways (KQ) pushes on with the resolve to send them home.
https://allafrica.com/stories/202007310330.html
Learn: EMT - B Airway (by pandora) - Memorize.com - Remember and UnderstandLearn: EMT - B Airway (by pandora) - Memorize.com - Remember and Understand
Learn EMT - B Airway facts using a simple interactive process (flashcard, matching, or multiple choice). Finally a format that helps you memorize and understand. Browse or search in thousands of pages or create your own page using a simple wizard. No signup required!
http://memorize.com/emt-b-airway/pandora
British Airways axes whole Hong Kong crew forward - - SeeWideBritish Airways axes whole Hong Kong crew forward - - SeeWide
SeeWide 香港特搜 致力打造 香港好去處、活動 指南，聚集全港探險家，一同搜羅及分享精彩的 玩樂、消閒、香港好去處 等情報，務求讓大家能看多一點、闊一點！ 這也正是 SeeWide名字的由來！
https://www.seewide.com/space-article-id-325246.html
simulation instructor masterclass | OpenAirwaysimulation instructor masterclass | OpenAirway
Although not an airway course, we have been greatly influenced by the methods used in BASIM for creating and undertaking airway simulations. Highly recommended course presented by the master Dr David Grant himself.. ...
http://openairway.org/tag/simulation-instructor-masterclass/
海关信息 - 南非航空公司 - South African Airways海关信息 - 南非航空公司 - South African Airways
在整理行李或登上SAA的航班前，您有必要确保自己已清楚了解海关条例。在这里阅读更多相关信息。
https://www.flysaa.com/zh_CN/manage-fly/before-flying/at-the-airport/customs-information
AsthmaAsthma
Airway remodeling is observed, but it is unknown whether these represent harmful or beneficial changes. Early treatment with ... Figure A shows the location of the lungs and airways in the body. Figure B shows a cross-section of a normal airway. Figure C ... Beckett PA, Howarth PH (February 2003). "Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax. 58 (2): 163-74. doi: ... Occasionally the airways themselves change. Typical changes in the airways include an increase in eosinophils and thickening of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma
Donna E. DaviesDonna E. Davies
"Airway remodeling in asthma: New insights". Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 111 (2): 215-225. doi:10.1067/mai. ... The models make use of human airway epithelial and dendritic cells from patients with and without asthma. She showed that the ... As part of this work, she developed tissue engineered in vitro models of the human airway that allowed investigations without ... "A tissue engineered model of the human asthmatic airway pathway , NC3Rs". nc3rs.org.uk. Retrieved 2020-07-25. "REF Case study ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_E._Davies
Alveolar macrophageAlveolar macrophage
Ohbayashi H, Shimokata K (April 2005). "Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and airway remodeling in asthma". Current Drug Targets. ... Patients with asthma show an increased expression of iNOS in airway epithelial cells and an increased level of nitric oxide in ... Alveolar macrophages are phagocytes that play a critical role in homeostasis, host defense, and tissue remodeling. Their ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alveolar_macrophage
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosisAllergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Kauffman, Henk F (2003). "Immunopathogenesis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and airway remodeling" (PDF). Frontiers ... ABPA causes airway inflammation, leading to bronchiectasis-a condition marked by abnormal dilation of the airways. Left ... Mucoid impaction of the upper and lower airways is a common finding. Plugs are hypodense but appear on CT with high attenuation ... Immune complexes (a type III reaction) and inflammatory cells are deposited within the mucous membranes of the airways, leading ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_bronchopulmonary_aspergillosis
Asthma - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaAsthma - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Airway remodeling[change , change source]. Goblet cell hyperplasia. Airway remodeling may cause the body to make more mucous- ... Airway remodeling is when there are permanent physical changes to the airways that also affects how they work. This may happen ... permanent remodeling of the airways may occur. This is when the physical structure of the airway changes. This will cause ... This is one of the reasons that people with airway remodeling often have more severe asthma. In fatal cases the airway may have ...
https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma_bronchiale
EosinophilEosinophil
This ultimately leads to airway remodelling and difficulty of breathing. Eosinophils can also cause tissue damage in the lungs ... Major basic protein induces mast cell and basophil degranulation, and is implicated in peripheral nerve remodelling. Eosinophil ... "Effects of benralizumab on airway eosinophils in asthmatic patients with sputum eosinophilia". The Journal of Allergy and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosinophil
PirfenidonePirfenidone
"Pirfenidone modulates airway responsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling after repeated challenge". American Journal of ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirfenidone
Sejal SaglaniSejal Saglani
18 January 2005). "Airway remodeling and inflammation in symptomatic infants with reversible airflow obstruction". American ... "Early detection of airway wall remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation in preschool wheezers". American Journal of Respiratory ... To better understand respiratory disease, she makes use of airway samples from children, as well as neonatal mouse models. By ... which protected them from airway hyper-responsiveness. This indicated that the bacteria lessen inflammatory pathways. Her ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sejal_Saglani
OsteopontinOsteopontin
... again using a chronic allergen-challenge model of airway remodeling. Furthermore, it was recently demonstrated that OPN ... "Osteopontin deficiency protects against airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in chronic asthma". Am J Respir Crit Care Med ... Choi ST, Kim JH, Kang EJ, Lee SW, Park MC, Park YB, Lee SK (December 2008). "Osteopontin might be involved in bone remodeling ... Opn expression is also upregulated in lungs of mice with allergic airway inflammation. The secreted form of Opn (Opn-s) plays a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osteopontin
HysteresivityHysteresivity
Cytoskeletal remodelling and slow dynamics in the living cell. Nat Mater 4: 557-571, 2005. Crandall SH. The role of damping in ... Airway caliber in healthy and asthmatic subjects: effects of bronchial challenge and deep inspirations. J Appl Physiol 91: 506- ... Cytoskeletal remodelling and slow dynamics in the living cell. Nat Mater 4: 557-571, 2005. Fabry B, Maksym GN, Butler JP, ... Friction in airway smooth muscle: mechanism, latch, and implications in asthma. J Appl Physiol 81: 2703-2712, 1996. Bursac P, ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hysteresivity
ADAM33ADAM33
"Soluble ADAM33 initiates airway remodeling to promote susceptibility for allergic asthma in early life". JCI Insight. 1 (11). ... "ADAM 33 and its association with airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness in asthma". Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology ... "The splicing and fate of ADAM33 transcripts in primary human airways fibroblasts". American Journal of Respiratory Cell and ... "ADAM33 expression in asthmatic airways and human embryonic lungs". American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADAM33
Tissue expansionTissue expansion
... and noticeable airway remodeling consisting of stiffer airways and lost elasticity. Inflammation in a constricted cylinder, as ... Moulton, D. E.; Goriely, A. (April 2011). "Possible Role of Differential Growth in Airway Wall Remodeling in Asthma" (PDF). ... The layers of the airway wall, including the inner epithelial tissue lining thickens and expands anywhere from 10% to 300% of ... Brackel, HJ; Pedersen, OF; Mulder, PG; Overbeek, SE; Kerrebijn, KF; Bogaard, JM (September 2000). "Central airways behave more ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_expansion
SIGLEC8SIGLEC8
Antibody ligation of Siglec-F has also been shown to inhibit eosinophil-mediated intestinal inflammation and airway remodeling ... "Anti-Siglec-F antibody reduces allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodeling". Journal of Immunology. 183 (8 ... In a chicken ovalbumin (OVA) model of allergic airway inflammation, the Siglec-F knockout mouse exhibits increased lung ... Loss of this enzyme leads to enhanced allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation. Despite evidence that Siglec-F binds ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIGLEC8
Plasma gelsolinPlasma gelsolin
Role in Airway Inflammation and Remodeling". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids. 1831 ( ... It has been found in brain, testis, and lung oligodendrocytes, and is reportedly involved in myelin remodeling during ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasma_gelsolin
Asma bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebasAsma bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
"Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax 58 (2): 163-74. PMC 1746582. PMID 12554904. doi:10.1136/thorax.58.2. ... Kelly, FJ; Fussell, JC (2011 Aug). "Air pollution and airway disease.". Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the ... Custovic, A; Simpson, A (2012). "The role of inhalant allergens in allergic airways disease.". Journal of investigational ... Salpeter, S; Ormiston, T; Salpeter, E (2001). "Cardioselective beta-blocker use in patients with reversible airway disease.". ...
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma
Iberia (airline)Iberia (airline)
British Airways operates two funded principal defined benefit pension schemes in the UK. British Airways admits that one of the ... Linda Blachly, Linda Blachly (29 November 2017). "Iberia remodels T4 lounge at Madrid Airport". Air Transport World. Archived ... The core shareholders were: Caja Madrid- 23.45%, British Airways 13.2%, SEPI- 5.20%, El Corte Inglés- 2.90%. British Airways ... "British Airways and Iberia sign merger agreement". BBC News. 8 April 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2010. "BA seals long-awaited ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iberia_(airline)
Ormdl sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3Ormdl sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3
April 2014). "ORMDL3 transgenic mice have increased airway remodeling and airway responsiveness characteristic of asthma". ... June 2009). "Diminished sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) expression contributes to airway remodelling in ... September 2009). "Allele-specific chromatin remodeling in the ZPBP2/GSDMB/ORMDL3 locus associated with the risk of asthma and ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ormdl_sphingolipid_biosynthesis_regulator_3
Vascular endothelial growth factorVascular endothelial growth factor
"Immunomodulatory role of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 in airway remodeling". Curr. Mol. Med. 6 (8): ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_endothelial_growth_factor
Angiopoietin 1Angiopoietin 1
"Immunomodulatory role of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiopoietin-1 in airway remodeling". Curr. Mol. Med. 6 (8): ... angiopoietins act complementary to the VEGF system and contribute to endothelial cell survival and the remodeling of vessels. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiopoietin_1
氣喘 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書氣喘 - 維基百科，自由的百科全書
Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?. Thorax. 2003, 58 (2): 163-74. PMC 1746582. PMID 12554904. doi:10.1136/thorax ... 許多其它不同的病症情況也可能引起與氣喘相似的症狀。 在兒童中，其它一些上呼吸道疾病，如過敏性鼻炎和鼻竇炎應該被考慮進去，還有其它一些呼吸道阻塞的原因包括： 異物吸入（英語：Foreign_body#Airways）、氣管狹窄或喉氣管軟化、血管環、增大的淋 ... Primary care respiratory journal
https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/哮喘
Gene silencingGene silencing
... structural repair and remodelling in the airways". Paediatric Respiratory Reviews. 5 Suppl A: S35-40. doi:10.1016/s1526-0542(04 ... α was targeted by siRNA in NCI-H292 human airway epithelial cells. In addition to mucus hypersecretion, chronic inflammation ... "Cigarette smoke induces MUC5AC mucin overproduction via tumor necrosis factor-alpha-converting enzyme in human airway ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_silencing
Astm bronșicAstm bronșic
Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax. 58 (2): 163-74. doi:10.1136/thorax.58.2.163. PMC 1746582 . PMID ... Kelly, FJ (2011 Aug). „Air pollution and airway disease". Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society ... Asthma, COPD and bronchitis are just components of airway disease". European Respiratory Journal. 28 (2): 264-267. doi:10.1183/ ... Cardioselective beta-blocker use in patients with reversible airway disease". Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online) ...
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astm_bronșic
Tampa International AirportTampa International Airport
The Landside Terminal was also remodeled numerous times during the 1980s and 1990s. Both Delta Air Lines and US Airways opened ... Airside F Includes gates 76-90 (14 total). International Airside; Serves American, British Airways, Cayman Airways, Copa ... In 1996, Airsides C and D were remodeled, and the interiors of both satellites were refurbished. During this time, all the ... Airside A Includes gates 1-12 and 14-18 (16 total). Serves Contour, JetBlue, Silver Airways, Spirit, and United. It was opened ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampa_International_Airport
Interleukin 17Interleukin 17
The release of cytokines causes many functions, such as airway remodeling, a characteristic of IL-17 responses. The increased ... Overexpression of IL-17F gene in the airway of mice is associated with airway neutrophilia, the induction of many cytokines, an ... IL-17F is clearly expressed in the airway of asthmatics and its expression level is correlated with disease severity. Moreover ... Hence, IL-17F may have a crucial role in allergic airway inflammation and have important therapeutic implications in asthma. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_17
Acute inhalation injuryAcute inhalation injury
... sloughing of the airway and pulmonary epithelium, scarring and transition to airway and pulmonary remodeling. Bessac BF, Jordt ... which if left untreated can result in scar formation and pulmonary and airway remodeling. Currently, mechanical ventilation ... Injury to the lungs and airways is not only due to deposition of fine particulate soot but also due to the gaseous components ... Severe exposure may result in changes in upper and lower airways resulting in an acute lung injury, which may not be present ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acute_inhalation_injury
Macrophage migration inhibitory factorMacrophage migration inhibitory factor
2010). "ISO-1, a macrophage migration inhibitory factor antagonist, inhibits airway remodeling in a murine model of chronic ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macrophage_migration_inhibitory_factor
Jomo Kenyatta International AirportJomo Kenyatta International Airport
"AFRICAN EXPRESS AIRWAYS CONTACTS", African Express Airways, accessed 13 August 2013 Archived 5 October 2013 at the Wayback ... NOTE: Remodeling & extending Terminals 1B, 1C & 1D is scheduled for 2017, after which JKIA is predicted to be able to handle ... "Kenya Airways moves Vic Fals launch". www.newzimbabwe.com. Archived from the original on 26 May 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017. " ... "Kenya Airways ends Abuja / Gaborone service from Nov 2016". Archived from the original on 15 May 2017. Retrieved 30 May 2017. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta_International_Airport
Emilio PucciEmilio Pucci
The agency's Mary Wells hired Alexander Girard to remodel the terminals, and Pucci to design new clothes for the hostesses. As ... In 1965, New York ad agency Jack Tinker and Associates was hired by Braniff International Airways to update their image. ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Pucci
Interleukin 26Interleukin 26
"Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm children is associated with airway remodeling ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_26
Interleukin 22Interleukin 22
"Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm children is associated with airway remodeling ... December 2009). "Th22 cells represent a distinct human T cell subset involved in epidermal immunity and remodeling". The ... "Pathological versus protective functions of IL-22 in airway inflammation are regulated by IL-17A". The Journal of Experimental ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_22
UvulopalatopharyngoplastyUvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Narrowing of the airway in the nose and throat (hence constricting breathing) snoring and even iatrogenically caused sleep ... Tissues which may typically be removed include: The tonsils The adenoids Tissues which may typically be remodeled include: The ... It is administered as a stand-alone procedure in the hope that the tissue which obstructs the patient's airway is localized in ... The goal is to improve the airway and thereby treat (or possibly cure) sleep apnea. It has been found that obstructive sleep ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty
Բրոնխիալ ասթմա - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարանԲրոնխիալ ասթմա - Վիքիպեդիա՝ ազատ հանրագիտարան
Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?»։ Thorax 58 (2): 163-74։ 2003։ PMC 1746582։ PMID 12554904։ doi:10.1136/thorax ... Kelly FJ, Fussell, JC (August 2011)։ «Air pollution and airway disease»։ Clinical and Experimental Allergy 41 (8): 1059-71։ ... Custovic A, Simpson, A (2012)։ «The role of inhalant allergens in allergic airways disease»։ Journal of Investigational ... Salpeter S, Ormiston T, Salpeter E (2002)։ «Cardioselective beta-blockers for reversible airway disease.»։ The Cochrane ...
https://hy.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Բրոնխային_հեղձուկ
Franklin InstituteFranklin Institute
The Franklin Institute installed Foxtrot Papa, a former British Airways Boeing 707 airliner, as a permanent exhibit in the mid- ... Joel N. Bloom Observatory, remodeled in 2006, features five telescopes, including a very large 10-inch (250 mm) Zeiss Refractor ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal_of_the_Franklin_Institute
Atrial fibrillationAtrial fibrillation
... remodeling) in the atria and ventricles of the heart.[32] This remodeling leads to abnormally increased pressure in the left ... observational studies suggest that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment appears to lower the risk of atrial ... This favors remodeling processes of the atrium due to inflammation or alterations in the depolarization of cardiomyocytes by ... All atrial remodeling is related to heterogeneous conduction and the formation of re-entrant electric conduction from the ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_fibrillation
Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhageExercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage
Veno-occlusive remodelling[edit]. This theory proposes how high pulmonary venous pressures may lead to the capillary rupture ... In the case where no blood is visible in the trachea, EIPH in the small airways may still be present and can be confirmed by a ... Ramzan, Peter H.L. (2014). "Respiratory conditions: lower airway disease". The racehorse: a veterinary manual. pp. 222-234. ... Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is a procedure whereby a small volume of fluid is put into the airways in order sample the cells ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exercise-induced_pulmonary_hemorrhage
Adipose tissueAdipose tissue
"Roles of FGFs as Adipokines in Adipose Tissue Development, Remodeling, and Metabolism". Frontiers in Endocrinology. 5 (18): 18 ... "Anthropometric Assessment of Neck Adipose Tissue and Airway Volume Using Multidetector Computed Tomography: An Imaging ... "EBF2 transcriptionally regulates brown adipogenesis via the histone reader DPF3 and the BAF chromatin remodeling complex" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipose
AsmaAsma
"Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax. 58 (2): 163-74. doi:10.1136/thorax.58.2.163. PMC 1746582 . PMID ... Kelly, FJ (2011 Aug). "Air pollution and airway disease". Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society ... Custovic, A (2012). "The role of inhalant allergens in allergic airways disease". Journal of investigational allergology & ... Salpeter, S (2001). "Cardioselective beta-blocker use in patients with reversible airway disease". Cochrane database of ...
https://id.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sesak_napas
Pulmonary hypertensionPulmonary hypertension
Importantly, right ventricular remodeling is associated with increased apoptosis; this is in contrast to pulmonary vascular ... Liu, Chao; Chen, Junmin; Gao, Yanqiu; Deng, Bao; Liu, Kunshen (2021-03-25). Cochrane Airways Group (ed.). "Endothelin receptor ... This combination of vessel occlusion and vascular remodeling once again increases the resistance to blood flow and so the ... The mechanisms involved in this narrowing process include vasoconstriction, thrombosis, and vascular remodeling (excessive ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulmonary_Hypertension
Pumu, kamusi elezo huruPumu, kamusi elezo huru
Beckett PA, Howarth PH (2003). "Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax 58 (2): 163-74. doi:10.1136/thorax. ... Kelly, FJ; Fussell, JC (2011 Aug). "Air pollution and airway disease.". Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the ... Custovic, A; Simpson, A (2012). "The role of inhalant allergens in allergic airways disease.". Journal of investigational ... Salpeter, S; Ormiston, T; Salpeter, E (2001). "Cardioselective beta-blocker use in patients with reversible airway disease.". ...
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pumu
Beta blockerBeta blocker
Beta receptors are found on cells of the heart muscles, smooth muscles, airways, arteries, kidneys, and other tissues that are ... and abnormal cardiac tissue remodeling, all of which decrease the efficiency of cardiac contraction and contribute to the low ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_blocker
Obesity hypoventilation syndromeObesity hypoventilation syndrome
The right ventricle undergoes remodeling, becomes distended and is less able to remove blood from the veins. When this is the ... If the symptoms are significant, nighttime positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment is tried; this involves the use of a ... but it is often possible to relieve the symptoms by nocturnal ventilation with positive airway pressure (CPAP) or related ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_hypoventilation_syndrome
PerfusionPerfusion
... is the passage of fluid through the circulatory system or lymphatic system to an organ or a tissue,[1] usually referring to the delivery of blood to a capillary bed in tissue. Perfusion is measured as the rate at which blood is delivered to tissue,[2] or volume of blood per unit time (blood flow) per unit tissue mass. The SI unit is m3/(s·kg), although for human organs perfusion is typically reported in ml/min/g.[3] The word is derived from the French verb "perfuser" meaning to "pour over or through".[4] All animal tissues require an adequate blood supply for health and life. Poor perfusion (malperfusion), that is, ischemia, causes health problems, as seen in cardiovascular disease, including coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral artery disease, and many other conditions. Tests verifying that adequate perfusion exists are a part of a patient's assessment process that are performed by medical or emergency personnel. The most common methods include evaluating a ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfusion
Temporomandibular joint dysfunctionTemporomandibular joint dysfunction
Severe TMD restricts oral airway opening, and can result in a retrognathic posture that results in glossal blockage of the ... but dysfunction may persist and overall it leads to degeneration or remodeling of the TMJ.[81] ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temporomandibular_joint_dysfunction
John Wayne GacyJohn Wayne Gacy
On September 12, Gacy had flown to Pittsburgh to supervise a remodeling project, and did not return to Chicago until September ... plugging his airway and effectively causing him to drown in his own vomit. He was assigned victim number 32.[69] ... In March 1977, he became a supervisor for PE Systems, a firm specializing in the remodeling of drugstores. Between PE Systems ... On the afternoon of December 11, 1978, Gacy visited the Nisson Pharmacy in Des Plaines, to discuss a potential remodeling deal ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Wayne_Gacy
ElectrocardiographyElectrocardiography
The etymology of the word is derived from the Greek electro, because it is related to electrical activity, kardia, Greek for heart, and graph, a Greek root meaning "to write". Alexander Muirhead is reported to have attached wires to a feverish patient's wrist to obtain a record of the patient's heartbeat in 1872 at St Bartholomew's Hospital.[41] Another early pioneer was Augustus Waller, of St Mary's Hospital in London.[42] His electrocardiograph machine consisted of a Lippmann capillary electrometer fixed to a projector. The trace from the heartbeat was projected onto a photographic plate that was itself fixed to a toy train. This allowed a heartbeat to be recorded in real time. An initial breakthrough came when Willem Einthoven, working in Leiden, the Netherlands, used the string galvanometer (the first practical electrocardiograph) he invented in 1901.[43] This device was much more sensitive than both the capillary electrometer Waller used and the string galvanometer that had been invented ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EKG
Joint compoundJoint compound
Ready-mixed joint compound is most commonly used in hanging drywall for new or remodeled homes. Application is simple and easy ... Over time, breathing the dust from drywall joint compounds may cause persistent throat and airway irritation, coughing, phlegm ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joint_compound
Interleukin 17Interleukin 17
The release of cytokines causes many functions, such as airway remodeling, a characteristic of IL-17 responses. The increased ... Overexpression of IL-17F gene in the airway of mice is associated with airway neutrophilia, the induction of many cytokines, an ... Hence, IL-17F may have a crucial role in allergic airway inflammation, and have important therapeutic implications in asthma.[ ... IL-17F is clearly expressed in the airway of asthmatics and its expression level is correlated with disease severity. Moreover ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interleukin_17
Astm bronșicAstm bronșic
Beckett PA, Howarth PH (2003). „Pharmacotherapy and airway remodelling in asthma?". Thorax 58 (2): 163-74. doi:10.1136/thorax. ... Kelly, FJ (1 august 2011). „Air pollution and airway disease.". Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British ... Custovic, A (2012). „The role of inhalant allergens in allergic airways disease.". Journal of investigational allergology & ... Hargreave FE; Parameswaran K (1 august 2006). „Asthma, COPD and bronchitis are just components of airway disease". European ...
https://ro.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astm_bronșic
ChitinaseChitinase
Zhao J, Zhu H, Wong CH, Leung KY, Wong WS (July 2005). "Increased lungkine and chitinase levels in allergic airway inflammation ... For example, chitinases that are involved in maintenance, such as remodeling the cell wall, are constitutively expressed. ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitinase
SauropodaSauropoda
... the pressure would be enough to fatally collapse the lungs and airway.[48] However, this and other early studies of sauropod ... but would require significant body remodeling and possible sufficient behavioral change to prevent joint collapse.[21] ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sauropoda
Amelia EarhartAmelia Earhart
She was a Vice President of National Airways, which conducted the flying operations of the Boston-Maine Airways and several ... they decided to do considerable remodeling and enlarge the existing small structure to meet their needs. This delayed the ... Bearings taken by Pan American Airways stations suggested signals originating from several locations, including Gardner Island ...
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amelia_Earhart
组氨酸脱羧酶 - 维基百科，自由的百科组氨酸脱羧酶 - 维基百科，自由的百科
Genetic susceptibility to respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in preterm children is associated with airway remodeling ...
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/组氨酸脱羧酶
Heart failureHeart failure
... causing structural remodelling of the heart over the long term. Many of these remodelling effects seem to be mediated by ... This entails ensuring that airway, breathing, and circulation are adequate. Immediate treatments usually involve some ... "Angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker attenuates myocardial remodeling and preserves diastolic function in diabetic heart" ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_failure
KinesiologyKinesiology
Nahum, A; Sznajder, JI; Solway, J; Wood, LD; Schumacker, PT (May 1988). "Pressure, flow, and density relationships in airway ... Movement abnormalities may occur among individuals with and without brain injuries due to abnormal remodeling in central ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinesiologist
Purinergic signallingPurinergic signalling
In the airways of patients with asthma, the expression of adenosine receptors is upregulated. Adenosine receptors affect ... Persistently elevated concentrations of adenosine beyond the acute-injury phase leads to fibrotic remodelling. Extracellular ... Abnormal levels of ATP and adenosine are present in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The ... Esther CR, Jr; Alexis, NE; Picher, M (2011). "Regulation of airway nucleotides in chronic lung diseases". Sub-cellular ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purinergic_signalling
Airway remodeling in asthma. Unanswered questions. - PubMed - NCBIAirway remodeling in asthma. Unanswered questions. - PubMed - NCBI
Airway remodeling in asthma. Unanswered questions.. Elias JA1.. Author information. 1. Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10712368?dopt=Abstract
Airway remodeling - definition of airway remodeling by The Free DictionaryAirway remodeling - definition of airway remodeling by The Free Dictionary
airway remodeling synonyms, airway remodeling pronunciation, airway remodeling translation, English dictionary definition of ... airway remodeling. tr.v. re·mod·eled , re·mod·el·ing , re·mod·els also re·mod·elled or re·mod·el·ling 1. To make over in ... Airway remodeling - definition of airway remodeling by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/airway+remodeling ... remodeling. (redirected from airway remodeling). Also found in: Medical, Encyclopedia. re·mod·el. (rē-mŏd′l). tr.v. re·mod·eled ...
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/airway+remodeling
Asthma. From bronchoconstriction to airways inflammation and remodeling. - PubMed - NCBIAsthma. From bronchoconstriction to airways inflammation and remodeling. - PubMed - NCBI
From bronchoconstriction to airways inflammation and remodeling.. Bousquet J1, Jeffery PK, Busse WW, Johnson M, Vignola AM. ...
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10806180?dopt=Abstract
The Correlation between FSTL1 Expression and Airway Remodeling in AsthmaticsThe Correlation between FSTL1 Expression and Airway Remodeling in Asthmatics
... airway remodeling, and airway hyper responsiveness [1]. Airway remodeling refers to the structural changes in the airway ... Since elevated levels of FSTL1 coexist with airway remodeling in asthma, we wonder whether FSTL1 participates in airway ... Plasma FSTL1 levels were associated with fibrosis levels around the airways (. , ) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (. , ). ... of airway remodeling was weaker than the relationship between FSTL1 levels in BALF and parameters of airway remodeling, ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2017/7918472/
Airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma.Airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma.
An important advance in our understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma has been the discovery that airway inflammation is ... chronic airway inflammation. Airway remodeling results in alterations in the airway epithelium, lamina propria, and submucosa, ... the natural history of airway remodeling, and the effects of current asthma treatments on remodeled airways.. ... Airway remodeling in asthma thus may predispose persons with asthma to asthma exacerbations and even death from airway ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/Airway-inflammation-remodeling-in-asthma/10608420.html
Omalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling | European Respiratory SocietyOmalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling | European Respiratory Society
Omalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling. Michela Maria Bellocchia, Renza Ambrosanio, Filippo Patrucco, Giulia Verri, ... Omalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling. Michela Maria Bellocchia, Renza Ambrosanio, Filippo Patrucco, Giulia Verri, ... Omalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling. Michela Maria Bellocchia, Renza Ambrosanio, Filippo Patrucco, Giulia Verri, ... Omalizumab, airway obstruction and remodeling Message Subject (Your Name) has sent you a message from European Respiratory ...
http://erj.ersjournals.com/content/48/suppl_60/PA4901
JCI - Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells drive airway smooth muscle remodeling in experimental asthmaJCI - Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells drive airway smooth muscle remodeling in experimental asthma
Here we demonstrate that CD4+ T cells, central to chronic airway inflammation, drive ASM remodeling in experimental asthma. ... Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells drive airway smooth muscle remodeling in experimental asthma. ... Antigen-specific CD4+ T cells drive airway smooth muscle remodeling in experimental asthma. ... Airway smooth muscle (ASM) growth contributes to the mechanism of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. ...
https://www.jci.org/articles/view/19711/figure/1
Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma - Research database - University of GroningenLaminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma - Research database - University of Groningen
Airway smooth muscle (ASM) accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition are characteristic features of airway remodeling, ... Airway inflammation and remodeling are characteristic features of asthma, both contributing to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR ... Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma. Prabhala, P., Wright, D. B., Robbe, P., Bitter, C., ... Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma Final authors version, 10 MB, PDF document ...
https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/publications/laminin-4-contributes-to-airway-remodeling-and-inflammation-in-asthma
Role of Inhaled Steroids in Vascular Airway Remodelling in Asthma and COPDRole of Inhaled Steroids in Vascular Airway Remodelling in Asthma and COPD
... Alfredo Chetta and Dario Olivieri ... In asthmatic airways, inhaled steroids can downregulate vascular remodelling by acting on proangiogenic factors. Additionally, ... Vascular changes may significantly contribute to airway wall remodelling. Angiogenesis and vascular leakage are prevalent in ... is crucially involved in the pathophysiology of airway vascular remodelling, both in asthma and COPD. The inhibition of VEGF ...
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ije/2012/397693/abs/
The relationship of reticular basement membrane thickness to airway wall remodeling in asthmaThe relationship of reticular basement membrane thickness to airway wall remodeling in asthma
... can be assessed by bronchial biopsy of proximal airways. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship betwee … ... Assessment of airway wall remodeling in asthma is difficult in vivo. The thickness of deposited extracellular matrix proteins ... is correlated with airway remodeling in cartilaginous airways but not with airway wall dimensions of membranous airways. ... in small cartilaginous airways, but was not related to airway wall dimensions in membranous airways. These findings show that ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12471074/?dopt=Abstract
Remodeling, inflammation and airway responsiveness in early childhood asthmaRemodeling, inflammation and airway responsiveness in early childhood asthma
Even young children with chronic asthma have detectable elements of airway remodeling, inflammation and increased airway ... Remodeling and inflammation together with airway hyperresponsiveness are essential components of asthma but their role in ... Increased airway smooth muscle in early childhood is associated with later development of asthma and may be one link between ... inflammation and airway responsiveness. Novel findings on genetic variation in genes regulating lung growth and remodeling in ...
https://insights.ovid.com/coaci/201304000/00130832-201304000-00013
Frontiers | Biological Therapies of Severe Asthma and Their Possible Effects on Airway Remodeling | ImmunologyFrontiers | Biological Therapies of Severe Asthma and Their Possible Effects on Airway Remodeling | Immunology
The underlying chronic inflammatory process and airway remodeling (AR) contribute to the symptomatology of the disease. The ... The underlying chronic inflammatory process and airway remodeling (AR) contribute to the symptomatology of the disease. The ... Keywords: asthma, airway remodeling, airway remodeling in asthma, biological therapy, omalizumab, mepolizumab/reslizumab, ... James AL, Wenzel S. Clinical relevance of airway remodelling in airway diseases. Eur Respir J. (2007) 30:134-55. doi: 10.1183/ ...
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.01134/full
Defective Fibrillar Collagen Organization by Fibroblasts Contributes to Airway Remodeling in Asthma Defective Fibrillar Collagen Organization by Fibroblasts Contributes to Airway Remodeling in Asthma
Defective Fibrillar Collagen Organization by Fibroblasts Contributes to Airway Remodeling in Asthma ... Defective Fibrillar Collagen Organization by Fibroblasts Contributes to Airway Remodeling in Asthma ...
https://www.thoracic.org/members/assemblies/assemblies/rsf/journal-club/defective-fibrillar-collagen-organization-by-fibroblasts.php
The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling | Science SignalingThe Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling | Science Signaling
The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling ... The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling ... The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling ... The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling ...
https://stke.sciencemag.org/content/6/263/ra12/tab-figures-data
The activin A antagonist follistatin inhibits asthmatic airway remodelling | ThoraxThe activin A antagonist follistatin inhibits asthmatic airway remodelling | Thorax
Dysfunction and remodeling of the mouse airway persist after resolution of acute allergen-induced airway inflammation. Am J ... Intranasal follistatin (0.05, 0.5, 5 µg) inhibited the airway remodelling and dose-dependently decreased airway activin A and ... Overexpression of Smad2 drives house dust mite-mediated airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness via activin and IL-25 ... and induces airway remodelling. Airway epithelium in the saline group showed strong and uniform immunoreactivity for activin A ...
https://thorax.bmj.com/content/68/1/9
The activin A antagonist follistatin inhibits asthmatic airway remodelling | ThoraxThe activin A antagonist follistatin inhibits asthmatic airway remodelling | Thorax
Rohimah Mohamud Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaCRC for Asthma and Airways, Sydney, ... Magdalena Plebanski Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, AustraliaCRC for Asthma and Airways, ... AustraliaCRC for Asthma and Airways, Sydney, Australia PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles ... AustraliaCRC for Asthma and Airways, Sydney, Australia PubMed articlesGoogle scholar articles ...
https://thorax.bmj.com/content/68/1/9.info
Pathological airway remodelling in inflammationPathological airway remodelling in inflammation
... Westergren-Thorsson, Gunilla LU ; Larsen, Kristoffer LU ; Nihlberg, Kristian ... fibrocyte, fibroblast, extracellular matrix, airway remodelling, asthma. in Clinical Respiratory Journal. volume. 4. issue. s1 ... Moreover, airway remodelling occurs not only in asthma but also in several pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive ... Moreover, airway remodelling occurs not only in asthma but also in several pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive ...
https://lup.lub.lu.se/search/publication/f7ad7de6-c470-4d96-aad9-cc06f3ccf144
Role of nitric oxide in airway remodelling | Clinical Science | Portland PressRole of nitric oxide in airway remodelling | Clinical Science | Portland Press
Role of nitric oxide in airway remodelling Esteban C. GABAZZA ; Esteban C. GABAZZA ... Airway remodelling, which is manifested by thickening of bronchial wall, is an important causative factor of bronchial hyper- ... The pathophysiological mechanism of airway remodelling is not clear. In the present study we evaluated the relationship between ... this finding suggests that NO may play a key role in the pathogenesis of airway remodelling. ...
https://portlandpress.com/clinsci/article-abstract/98/3/291/77943/Role-of-nitric-oxide-in-airway-remodelling?redirectedFrom=PDF
Regulatory T Cells Negatively Regulate Neovasculature of Airway Remodeling via DLL4-Notch Signaling | The Journal of ImmunologyRegulatory T Cells Negatively Regulate Neovasculature of Airway Remodeling via DLL4-Notch Signaling | The Journal of Immunology
Repeated allergen exposure induces chronic airway inflammation and airway remodeling. Chronic airway inflammation was induced ... Both airway inflammation and airway remodeling contribute to the development of AHR. Histological studies and computer-assisted ... CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells reverse established allergic airway inflammation and prevent airway remodeling. J. Allergy Clin. ... Treg reduce neovasculature of airway remodeling and ameliorate AHR. Having characterized the chronic airway inflammation model ...
https://www.jimmunol.org/content/183/7/4745?ijkey=2fed67723474cef81a0b3bfaeac44a98a479133f&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Metformin reduces airway inflammation and remodeling via activation of AMP-activated protein kinaseMetformin reduces airway inflammation and remodeling via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase
We investigated the potential effect of metformin on airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. The effect of metformin ... treatment on airway inflammation and pivotal characteristics of airway … ... Recent reports have suggested that metformin has anti-inflammatory and anti-tissue remodeling properties. ... The effect of metformin treatment on airway inflammation and pivotal characteristics of airway remodeling were examined in a ...
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23041647/?dopt=Abstract
An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness | Science Translational MedicineAn extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness | Science Translational Medicine
PGP drives airway epithelial remodeling and AHR in the context of allergic airways disease. It was postulated that airway ... Overexpression of Smad2 drives house dust mite-mediated airway remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness via activin and IL-25 ... The sum of airway scores from each lung was divided by the number of airways examined (20 to 50 airways per mouse) and ... we demonstrate a clear potential to disconnect airway inflammation from the remodeling and clinical aspects of allergic airways ...
https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/10/455/eaaq0693?ijkey=8f314723c4b731abc91999cf09539164a234052b&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha
Smooth-muscle-derived WNT5A augments allergen-induced airway remodelling and Th2 type inflammation - Research database -...Smooth-muscle-derived WNT5A augments allergen-induced airway remodelling and Th2 type inflammation - Research database -...
Smooth-muscle-derived WNT5A augments allergen-induced airway remodelling and Th2 type inflammation. Koopmans, T., Hesse, L., ... Smooth-muscle-derived WNT5A augments allergen-induced airway remodelling and Th2 type inflammation Final publishers version, ... The airway smooth muscle (ASM) is responsible for airway narrowing and an important source of inflammatory mediators. We and ... resulting in increased airway wall inflammation and remodelling. ... by chronic inflammation and structural changes in the airways. ...
https://www.rug.nl/research/portal/publications/smoothmusclederived-wnt5a-augments-allergeninduced-airway-remodelling-and-th2-type-inflammation
TGF-beta Superfamily Members in Airway Inflammation and Remodeling Research Area: R&D SystemsTGF-beta Superfamily Members in Airway Inflammation and Remodeling Research Area: R&D Systems
... and Remodeling research area related information and TGF-beta Superfamily Members in Airway Inflammation and Remodeling ... Find TGF-beta Superfamily Members in Airway Inflammation ... Home / Research Areas / TGF-beta Superfamily Members in Airway ...
https://www.rndsystems.com/research-area/tgf--beta-superfamily-members-in-airway-inflammation-and-remodeling
Secretory IgA Deficiency in Individual Small Airways Is Associated with Persistent Inflammation and RemodelingSecretory IgA Deficiency in Individual Small Airways Is Associated with Persistent Inflammation and Remodeling
... on the mucosal surface of small airways and parameters of inflammation and airway wall remodeling in chronic obstructive ... Secretory IgA Deficiency in Individual Small Airways Is Associated with Persistent Inflammation and Remodeling. ... We studied 1,104 small airways (. Measurements and Main Results:. Morphometric evaluation of small airways revealed increased ... fibrotic remodeling of the airway wall.. Conclusions:. Our findings support the concept that localized, acquired SIgA ...
https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00019521-201704150-00011
IL-18 induces emphysema and airway and vascular remodeling via IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-13.IL-18 induces emphysema and airway and vascular remodeling via IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-13.
... and airway and vascular remodeling. However, the mechanisms that lead to these diverse alterations have not been defined. We ... and airway and vascular remodeling. However, the mechanisms that lead to these diverse alterations have not been defined. ... airway fibrosis, and vascular remodeling. We also highlight interactions between these responses with IL-18 inducing IL-13 via ... airway fibrosis; vascular remodeling; and right ventricle cardiac hypertrophy. We also demonstrate that IL-18 induces type 1, ...
http://www.biomedsearch.com/nih/IL-18-Induces-Emphysema-Airway/22383501.html
Notch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling | Molecular PharmacologyNotch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling | Molecular Pharmacology
Notch Signaling and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Musaddique Hussain, Chengyun Xu, Mashaal Ahmad, Youping Yang, Meiping Lu, ... Notch Signaling and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Musaddique Hussain, Chengyun Xu, Mashaal Ahmad, Youping Yang, Meiping Lu, ... Notch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling. Musaddique Hussain, Chengyun Xu, Mashaal ... Notch Signaling: Linking Embryonic Lung Development and Asthmatic Airway Remodeling Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a ...
http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/92/6/676
Comment on An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness | Science...Comment on "An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness" | Science...
Increased airway hyperresponsiveness and epithelial remodeling in asthmatic LTA4H-KO mice may be mediated by CysLTs rather than ... Increased airway hyperresponsiveness and epithelial remodeling in asthmatic LTA4H-KO mice may be mediated by CysLTs rather than ... Comment on "An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness" ... Comment on "An extracellular matrix fragment drives epithelial remodeling and airway hyperresponsiveness" ...
https://stm.sciencemag.org/content/11/497/eaav4538/tab-e-letters
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Erratum+to+%22Tetrandrine+Ameliorates+Airway+Remodeling+of+Chronic...-a0624517203https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Erratum+to+%22Tetrandrine+Ameliorates+Airway+Remodeling+of+Chronic...-a0624517203
Tetrandrine Ameliorates Airway Remodeling of Chronic Asthma by Interfering TGF-[beta]1/Nrf-2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway-Mediated ... Remodeling+of+Chronic...-a0624517203. *APA style: Erratum to Tetrandrine Ameliorates Airway Remodeling of Chronic Asthma by ... MLA style: "Erratum to Tetrandrine Ameliorates Airway Remodeling of Chronic Asthma by Interfering TGF-[beta]1/Nrf-2/HO-1 ... 1] Y. Lin, J. Yao, M. Wu et al., "Tetrandrine ameliorates airway remodeling of chronic asthma by interfering TGF-[beta]1/Nrf-2 ...
https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Erratum+to+%22Tetrandrine+Ameliorates+Airway+Remodeling+of+Chronic...-a0624517203
A possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in resp | Open-iA possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in resp | Open-i
A possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in response to bioaersol exposure in the composting hall. The atopic ... ijerph-11-00337-f005: A possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in response to bioaersol exposure in the composting hall ... ijerph-11-00337-f005: A possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in response to bioaersol exposure in the composting hall ... This study elucidated the expression changes of airway remodeling genes in human lung mucoepidermoid NCI-H292 cells exposed to ...
https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/detailedresult.php?img=PMC3924447_ijerph-11-00337-g005&req=4
Angiotensin-(1-7) Rescues Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Aggravated Transforming Growth Factor-β-Mediated Airway Remodeling in...Angiotensin-(1-7) Rescues Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Aggravated Transforming Growth Factor-β-Mediated Airway Remodeling in...
... β-mediated EMT to suppress airway remodeling, implying that RAS activity is involved in the mechanisms of OSA-related airway ... Angiotensin-(1-7) Rescues Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Aggravated Transforming Growth Factor-β-Mediated Airway Remodeling in ... Angiotensin-(1-7) Rescues Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Aggravated Transforming Growth Factor-β-Mediated Airway Remodeling in ... and is responsible for airway remodeling in refractory asthma. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which affects RAS activity, is a ...
https://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/375/2/268
HyperresponsivenessEpitheliumObstructionInflammatoryFibrosisPathogenesisHyper-responsivenessRole in airwayDepositionMetaplasiaPersistentAllergic asthmaMurineAsthmatic airwayStructural changesFeatures of airwayMiceDevelopment of airwayThickening of the airway wallAngiogenesisHuman airway epithelial cellsPulmonaryMucus hypersecretionTherapeuticCytokinesPathologicalVascularBronchial epithelial cellsExtracellular matrixCollagenCells in airwayBasement membraneThicknessEpithelial cellNasalFibroblastsInflammation and remodelinApoptosisSevere asthmaMechanisms of airwayLower airwayMediatorsFindingsLung inflammationDiseaseMechanism of airwayAsthma is characterizedSmoothContribute to airwaySmall airwaysPathophysiology
Hyperresponsiveness24
  • Pathobiologically, asthma is characterized by a complex chronic inflammation that causes airway remodeling and hyperresponsiveness of bronchial smooth muscles. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Inflammation in asthma may be the result of a peculiar type of lymphocytic inflammation whereby Th2 lymphocytes secrete cytokines that orchestrate cellular inflammation and promote airway hyperresponsiveness. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Airway smooth muscle (ASM) growth contributes to the mechanism of airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. (jci.org)
  • Airway inflammation and remodeling are characteristic features of asthma, both contributing to airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung function limitation. (rug.nl)
  • Remodeling and inflammation together with airway hyperresponsiveness are essential components of asthma but their role in development of the disease is still obscure. (ovid.com)
  • In vivo, decreased airway and lung vessel numbers as well as ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness after Treg transfers were reverted when Treg-derived DLL4 signal was blocked by the anti-DLL4 Ab. (jimmunol.org)
  • Our findings demonstrate a novel function of Treg whereby Treg down-regulate remodeling angiogenesis via proapoptotic DLL4-Notch signaling, and suggest a therapeutic potential of Treg in alleviating airway hyperresponsiveness of chronic asthma. (jimmunol.org)
  • Increased airway hyperresponsiveness and epithelial remodeling in asthmatic LTA 4 H-KO mice may be mediated by CysLTs rather than elevated tripeptide PGP. (sciencemag.org)
  • The hallmarks of asthma include airway obstruction chronic wheezing airway hyperresponsiveness airway remodeling mucus and inflammation hypersecretion. (immune-source.com)
  • Exposure to the highest concentration of Cl 2 gas (800 ppm for 5 minutes) resulted in marked epithelial loss and airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine 24 hrs after exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Asthma is a disorder of the airways involving various inflammatory cells and mediators and characterised by bronchial hyperresponsiveness, chronic inflammation and structural alterations in the airways, also known as remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
  • Clinically, it is characterised by symptoms and bronchial hyperresponsiveness and pathologically by chronic inflammation and structural alterations in the airways, also referred to as remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
  • This may be an explanation for the CysLTs promoting airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma. (elsevier.com)
  • however, an uncontrolled Th2-driven adaptive immune response has been linked to the major pathophysiologic features of asthma, including bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Background and Purpose Asthma is an inflammatory disease that involves airway hyperresponsiveness and remodelling. (unifesp.br)
  • On day 29, we determined the airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation and remodelling as well as specific IgE antibody. (unifesp.br)
  • Structural changes in the asthmatic lung, collectively known as airway remodeling, are now widely recognized and potentially associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, the incomplete therapeutic effect of corticosteroids, as well as the progressive decline of pulmonary function in asthmatic patients with more severe and chronic disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Airway wall remodelling and hyperresponsiveness: modelling remodelling in vitro and in vivo. (scienceexchange.com)
  • Airway wall remodelling contributes to the airway hyperresponsiveness that characterizes asthma. (scienceexchange.com)
  • HRA-vitamin D-supplemented mice had increased pulmonary function, as measured by airway hyperresponsiveness, increased cellular infiltrate in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, decreased vimentin and N-cadherin with increased expression in E-cadherin in the epithelium compared to HRA mice on a vitamin D-sufficient diet. (creighton.edu)
  • Finally, vitamin D-deficient HRA mice were analyzed for the effect of vitamin D on airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, and markers associated with the regulation of vitamin D and EMT. (creighton.edu)
  • IT ameliorated airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in a chronic asthma model. (jimmunol.org)
  • IL-33 induces airway hyperresponsiveness, but its role in airway remodeling and steroid resistance is unknown. (ox.ac.uk)
  • airway hyperresponsiveness was only partially reduced. (ox.ac.uk)
Epithelium40
  • Airway remodeling results in alterations in the airway epithelium, lamina propria, and submucosa, leading to thickening of the airway wall. (biomedsearch.com)
  • The thickness of deposited extracellular matrix proteins below the epithelium, the reticular basement membrane, can be assessed by bronchial biopsy of proximal airways. (nih.gov)
  • Follistatin also impaired the loss of TGF-β1 and activin RIB immunostaining in airway epithelium which occurred following chronic allergen challenge. (bmj.com)
  • In this illness is particularly involving the airway epithelium as the place where the inflammation begins, develops and often returns through airway remodelling. (scirp.org)
  • In specific way there is also an evolving awareness of the active participation of structural elements, such as the airway epithelium, airway smooth muscle, and endothelium, in this process. (scirp.org)
  • For this reason is very important to understand the physiological role of the airway epithelium and their changes during the exacerbation of disease. (scirp.org)
  • The changes, termed 'pathological airway remodeling', affect the epithelium, the underlying mesenchyme and the reciprocal trophic interactions that occur between these tissues. (duke.edu)
  • Most of the normal human airway is lined by a pseudostratified epithelium of ciliated cells, secretory cells and 6-30% basal cells, the proportion of which varies along the proximal-distal axis. (duke.edu)
  • This is due, in part, to a lack of basic knowledge of the mechanisms that regulate the differentiation, maintenance and repair of the airway epithelium. (duke.edu)
  • Specifically, little is known about the proliferation and differentiation of basal cells, a multipotent stem cell population of the pseudostratified airway epithelium. (duke.edu)
  • We contend that exploiting well-described model systems using both human airway epithelial cells and the pseudostratified epithelium of the genetically tractable mouse trachea will enable crucial discoveries regarding the pathogenesis of airway disease. (duke.edu)
  • Earlier work has shown that vitamin D plays a role in airway clean muscle but the part of vitamin D in the epithelium is not well. (immune-source.com)
  • The airway epithelium is the first target of inhaled Cl 2 gas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Direct oxidative injury to the epithelium may occur immediately with exposure to Cl 2 , but further damage to the epithelium may occur with migration of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils into the airway epithelium and the subsequent release of oxidants and proteolytic enzymes. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Airway epithelium acts as an initial defence barrier to inhaled spores, orchestrating an inflammatory response and contributing to subepithelial fibrosis. (salford.ac.uk)
  • OBJECTIVE: We aimed to analyse the production of profibrogenic factors by airway epithelium in response to A. fumigatus , in order to propose novel anti-fibrotic strategies for fungal-induced asthma. (salford.ac.uk)
  • Prostaglandin E 2 , the predominant eicosanoid product of the airway epithelium, is a potent inhibitor of mitogenesis, collagen synthesis, and mesenchymal cell chemotaxis and therefore can suppress inflammation and fibroblast activation. (elsevier.com)
  • This review highlights complement-mediated inflammation, and the mechanism through it triggers the airway tissue injury and remodeling in the airway epithelium that could serve as potential targets for developing a new drug to rescue the asthma patients. (biomedcentral.com)
  • both were concentrated near the epithelium and decreased diffusely away from the surface, indicating some epithelial control of the remodeling response. (northwestern.edu)
  • The airway epithelium of cigarette smokers undergoes dramatic remodeling with hyperplasia of basal cells (BC) and mucus-producing cells, squamous metaplasia, altered ciliated cell differentiation and reduced junctional barrier integrity, relevant to chronic obstructive pulmonary lung and disease cancers. (researchhunt.com)
  • Specifically, we have demonstrated that: 1) JNK is predominantly activated in airway epithelium from ovalbumin-sensitized and challenged mice;2) mice lacking JNK1 (JNK1-/-) fail to induce mesenchymal genes or develop fibrosis in response to ovalbumin, TGF-?1, or bleomycin;3) TGF-?1-induced EMT requires JNK1, through JNK1-dependent phosphorylation of SMAD3 in the linker domain. (grantome.com)
  • These data, suggest a critical role of airway epithelium-derived JNK1-dependent signals in orchestrating airways fibrosis. (grantome.com)
  • The hypothesis addressed herein is that activation of JNK1 in the airway epithelium is required for the development of subepithelial fibrosis in house dust mite- induced airways disease by promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). (grantome.com)
  • In Specific Aim 2 we will elucidate whether activation of JNK1 within the airway epithelium is critical in the orchestration of house dust mite-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition, airways fibrosis, and altered respiratory mechanics in vivo, and utilize mice that globally lack JNK1, or specifically within the bronchiolar epithelium, following and CRE-recombinase mediated ablation. (grantome.com)
  • Metalloproteinase-dependent fluorescence was significantly increased at 8 and 11 weeks, nicely correlated with collagen deposition, as evaluated histologically by Masson's Trichrome staining, and airway epithelium hypertrophy, and was only partly inhibited by budesonide. (biomedcentral.com)
  • It is exemplified by thickening of the lamina reticularis and structural changes to the epithelium, submucosa, smooth muscle, and vasculature of the airway wall. (epgonline.org)
  • Objectives: To evaluate if there are structural and functional differences in the airway epithelium in severe asthma associated with airway remodeling. (utmb.edu)
  • Conclusions: In subjects with severe asthma, as compared with subjects with mild asthma, normal subjects, and diseased control subjects, we found novel evidence of increased cellular proliferation in the airway contributing to a thickened epithelium and LR. (utmb.edu)
  • Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease and airway epithelium damage and remodelling are important components of lung pathology progression in CF. Whether this remodelling is secondary to deleterious infectious and inflammatory mediators, or to alterations of CF human airway epithelial (HAE) cells, such as their hyper inflammatory phenotype or their basic cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) default, remains debated. (univ-reims.fr)
  • In this study, we evaluated the involvement of alterations of CF HAE cells in airway epithelium remodelling. (univ-reims.fr)
  • HAE cells from non‐CF and CF patients were cultured in an air-liquid interface, with and without inflammatory stimulation, along the regeneration process, and the remodelling of the reconstituted epithelium was analysed. (univ-reims.fr)
  • In conclusion, alterations of CF HAE cells partly regulate airway epithelium remodelling following injury and regeneration. (univ-reims.fr)
  • Rhinovirus infection induces bFGF release by airway epithelium, and stimulates stroma cell proliferation contributing to airway remodeling in asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • How the epithelium contributes to airway remodeling and subepithelial fibrosis is unknown. (creighton.edu)
  • To better understand the mechanisms underlying EMT and the nature of vitamin D modulation in the airway epithelium, human bronchial epithelial cells were stimulated with both calcitriol and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 or TGF-β2. (creighton.edu)
  • My research focuses on the role of airway epithelium in the lung. (harvard.edu)
  • The airway epithelium is the first line of defense against external stimuli. (harvard.edu)
  • Airway epithelial cells lining on the airway epithelium contribute to homeostasis in the lung, but when they are exposed to excessive biochemical or physical stimuli, the normal defense mechanism turns into the progression of various pathophysiologic conditions. (harvard.edu)
  • We hypothesize that airway remodeling is triggered in response to the mechanical stress imposed on the airway epithelium during bronchoconstriction. (harvard.edu)
  • This magnitude of stress is similar to the magnitude that bronchoconstriction imposes on the airway epithelium, and is significantly higher than the magnitude experienced during normal breathing. (harvard.edu)
Obstruction23
  • Airway remodeling in asthma thus may predispose persons with asthma to asthma exacerbations and even death from airway obstruction caused by smooth muscle contraction, airway edema, and mucus plugging. (biomedsearch.com)
  • We evaluated the effect of omalizumab on airway obstruction, assuming persistent normalization of FEV1 as a marker of remodeling amelioration. (ersjournals.com)
  • Patients were divided into two groups: G1 showing persistent FEV1 normalization after omalizumab and G2 with persistent airway obstruction. (ersjournals.com)
  • it can lead to fixed airway obstruction and refractoriness to treatment [ 4 - 6 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • ASM remodeling is an important determinant in airway obstruction and decline pulmonary function in asthma that compounds the well- established immune/inflammatory components. (elsevier.com)
  • A more recent concept is that ASM not only contributes to physical obstruction of airways, but acts as immune effector in asthma. (elsevier.com)
  • Until recently, you had limited options for treating the nasal valve area, most often the site of nasal airway obstruction . (sleepandsinuscenters.com)
  • You now have an option to treat nasal airway obstruction that offers you significant benefits without the disadvantages. (sleepandsinuscenters.com)
  • Millions of people suffer from nasal airway obstruction, which limits airflow through the nose. (drhesterent.com)
  • If doing this helps you inhale more easily through your nose, your nasal obstruction may be in your nasal valve, and you may be a candidate for VIVAER Nasal Airway Remodeling. (drhesterent.com)
  • Nasal Airway obstruction, also known as a congested or blocked nose, can dramatically impact the quantity and quality of the air you breathe in. (drhesterent.com)
  • Nasal Airway obstruction has traditionally been treated by Ongoing Home Remedies or Traditional Nasal Surgery. (drhesterent.com)
  • Millions of people suffer from nasal airway obstruction, which makes it difficult to breathe through the nose. (entofmetairie.com)
  • Nasal breathing is a very important function of human life and any obstruction in the nasal airway, also known as a congested or blocked nose, can dramatically impact the quality of life. (entofmetairie.com)
  • The end result here is thickening of the airway walls resulting in irreversible air-flow obstruction. (blogspot.com)
  • Enlargement of any of these areas in the nasal passage can lead to nasal airway obstruction. (andrewcomptonmd.com)
  • Can VIVAER Nasal Airway Remodelling Cure Nasal Obstruction? (andrewcomptonmd.com)
  • But VIVAER nasal airway remodelling, a non-invasive and painless procedure, has shown promise in long-term relief of nasal obstruction. (andrewcomptonmd.com)
  • VIVAER nasal airway remodelling is a clinically proven solution to fix breathing problems caused by nasal airway obstruction. (andrewcomptonmd.com)
  • When inflammation generation of endothelin-1 is increased, this contributes to chronic inflammation and degree of airway obstruction. (mif-ua.com)
  • Rationale: Despite long-term therapy with corticosteroids, patients with severe asthma develop irreversible airway obstruction. (utmb.edu)
  • However, several characteristics of asthma are common to many phenotypes, including airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction. (clinicaladvisor.com)
  • Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, whose pathologic features most often include reversible airway obstruction, chronic airway inflammation, bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR), and airways remodelling. (clinicaladvisor.com)
Inflammatory33
  • There is evidence to show that multiple cytokines, chemokines, transcription factors, and growth factors released from inflammatory and structural cells in the airway are involved in airway remodeling, such as transforming growth factor beta (TGF- β ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Th2 cytokines (IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13), and epithelial-derived nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF- κ B) [ 5 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • In chronic obstructive airway diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), changes in bronchial microvasculature are present in response to inflammatory stimuli. (hindawi.com)
  • The underlying chronic inflammatory process and airway remodeling (AR) contribute to the symptomatology of the disease. (frontiersin.org)
  • Prevention of airway remodelling is a major unmet clinical need in the management of patients with chronic severe asthma and other inflammatory lung diseases. (bmj.com)
  • Our findings point to the potential of follistatin as a therapeutic for prevention of airway remodelling in asthma and other inflammatory lung diseases. (bmj.com)
  • Recent reports have suggested that metformin has anti-inflammatory and anti-tissue remodeling properties. (nih.gov)
  • The airway smooth muscle (ASM) is responsible for airway narrowing and an important source of inflammatory mediators. (rug.nl)
  • Our findings imply a pro-inflammatory role for smooth muscle-derived WNT5A in asthma, resulting in increased airway wall inflammation and remodelling. (rug.nl)
  • Morphometric evaluation of small airways revealed increased mean airway wall thickness and inflammatory cell counts in lungs from patients with COPD compared with control subjects, whereas SIgA level on the mucosal surface was decreased. (ovid.com)
  • Airborne endotoxin levels were higher inside the composting hall than they were in other areas, and they were associated with PM. This suggested that airborne bioaerosols in the composting plant contained endotoxins and microorganisms besides A. fumigatus that cause the inflammatory cytokine secretion and augment the expression of remodeling genes in NCI-H292 cells. (nih.gov)
  • The activation of IL-6 further recruits the inflammatory cells, and consequently programs epithelial cells to healing or remodeling. (nih.gov)
  • r = 0.53, p = 0.01), although not with other inflammatory markers or pulmonary function.CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence for two forms of airway remodelling in children with CF: (1) matrix breakdown, related to inflammation, proteolysis and impaired pulmonary function, and (2) RBM thickening, related to TGF-beta(1) concentration but independent of other markers of inflammation. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • Airway remodelling is defined as structural changes occurring in chronic inflammatory diseases of the airways. (edu.au)
  • Asthma is normally a chronic inflammatory 5-BrdU disease that leads to the narrowing from the airways tensing of the upper body shortness of breathing and coughing. (immune-source.com)
  • Asthma is a disorder of the airways involving multiple inflammatory cells and mediators [ 1 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • In patients with allergic asthma, exposure to allergens to which they are sensitised results in the rapid release of pro-inflammatory mediators that cause immediate contraction of airway smooth muscle and increased mucus production and the symptoms of the early allergic/asthmatic reaction, that is, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness and cough. (ersjournals.com)
  • This slower reaction that takes hours to develop, known as the late allergic/asthmatic response, is characterised by inflammatory infiltration and bronchoconstriction and leads to tissue remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
  • BACKGROUND: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways and patients sensitised to airborne fungi such as Aspergillus fumigatus have more severe asthma. (salford.ac.uk)
  • Control airways did not show any inflammatory cell infiltration. (biomedcentral.com)
  • A mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate can be seen around ovalbumin sensitised/challenged airways, particularly in those adjacent to blood vessels where margination and diapedesis of cells are seen. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Atopic asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the lung airways, triggered by a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental allergens, such as pollen, air pollution, and the fecal matter from dust mites and cockroaches ( 1 - 3 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Asthma represents a chronic inflammatory process of the airways followed by healing whose end result may be an altered structure referred to as remodeling of the airways. (pneumon.org)
  • The efficacy of anti-inflammatory treatment on the natural course of remodeling is still debated. (pneumon.org)
  • FMT proved suitable for longitudinal studies to evaluate asthma progression, showing that cathepsin activity could be used to monitor inflammatory cell infiltration while metalloproteinase activity parallels airway remodeling, allowing the determination of steroid treatment efficacy in a chronic asthma model in mice. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Considering the previously demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects of anti-IgE therapy, along with results from a small study showing continued benefit after discontinuation of long-term treatment, a larger study to assess its effect on markers of airway remodeling is underway. (epgonline.org)
  • Although few in number, recent scRNA-seq studies in mice and human subjects have highlighted the remarkable cellular diversity of the airway, especially among constituent epithelial cells (EpCs), implicating them in novel proinflammatory pathways that support immune function and promote inflammatory disease. (shaleklab.com)
  • This remodelling was mimicked by inflammatory stimulation of non‐CF cells and was absent when CF HAE cells were no longer hyperinflamed. (univ-reims.fr)
  • Patients that suffer from asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, show pathological changes in the airways, including airway remodeling, basement membrane thickening, and epithelial damage with large immune cell infiltrate. (creighton.edu)
  • In order to examine the in vivo significance of these findings, an allergic airway inflammatory mouse model of asthma was utilized to examine the expression of the EMT markers. (creighton.edu)
  • Most theories concerning airway remodeling argue that the remodeling process is triggered in response to inflammatory mediators and cytokines. (harvard.edu)
  • The compressive in vitro system recapitulates many aspects of airway remodeling in the absence of inflammatory cells (Putting the Squeeze on Airway Epithelia, Park et al. (harvard.edu)
  • According to the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Expert Report 3 (EPR3) - Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma, asthma is defined as "a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role: in particular, mast cells, eosinophils, T lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and epithelial cells. (clinicaladvisor.com)
  • Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs. (wikipedia.org)
Fibrosis21
  • Moreover, airway remodelling occurs not only in asthma but also in several pulmonary disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. (lu.se)
  • In addition, the enhanced airway inflammation and fibrosis in heterozygous AMPKα1-deficient mice were induced by both allergen and bleomycin challenges. (nih.gov)
  • We also demonstrate that IL-18 induces type 1, type 2, and type 17 cytokines with IFN-γ-inhibiting macrophage, lymphocyte, and eosinophil accumulation while stimulating alveolar destruction and genes associated with cell cytotoxicity and IL-13 and IL-17A inducing mucus metaplasia, airway fibrosis, and vascular remodeling. (biomedsearch.com)
  • The small airways of the human lung undergo pathological changes in pulmonary disorders, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans and cystic fibrosis. (duke.edu)
  • Airway remodelling in children with cystic fibrosis. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • BACKGROUND: The relationship between airway structural changes and inflammation is unclear in early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • Airway remodelling and its relationship to inflammation in cystic fibrosis. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • Pulmonary disease is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF). Most patients with CF die from respiratory failure with extensive airway destruction. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • DUOX1 deficiency also attenuated several EGFR-dependent features of HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation, including neutrophilic inflammation, type 2 cytokine production (IL-33, IL-13), mucous metaplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, and central airway resistance. (jci.org)
  • Hence calcitriol is actually a potential therapeutic agent in the administration and prevention of subepithelial fibrosis and airway remodeling. (immune-source.com)
  • Consequently further understanding of the mechanisms underlying airway redesigning is required to develop therapies that target the molecules involved in structural changes including fibrosis and epithelial thickening. (immune-source.com)
  • At 10 days after Cl 2 exposure the airway smooth muscle mass was increased relative to controls, suggestive of airway smooth muscle hyperplasia and there was evidence of airway fibrosis. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Epithelial shedding, reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening, goblet cell hyperplasia, smooth muscle hyperplasia and hypertrophy, subepithelial fibrosis and angiogenesis are the most prominent findings usually observed in remodelled airways ( fig. 1 ). (ersjournals.com)
  • The CysLTs play an important role in the airway remodeling seen in persistent asthma that includes increases of airway goblet cells, mucus, blood vessels, smooth muscle, myofibroblasts, and airway fibrosis. (elsevier.com)
  • Evidence from a mouse model of asthma demonstrated that CysLT 1 receptor antagonists inhibit the airway remodeling processes, including eosinophil trafficking to the lungs, eosinophil degranulation, T H 2 cytokine release, mucus gland hyperplasia, mucus hypersecretion, smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, collagendeposition, and lung fibrosis. (elsevier.com)
  • Asthma pathogenesis is driven by T cells and T-helper 2 (Th2) cytokines, resulting in eosinophil infiltration into lung tissue, peribronchiolar fibrosis, thickening of airway wall layers, epithelial goblet cell metaplasia, and AHR ( 5 , 6 ). (frontiersin.org)
  • Whereas the acute phase of asthma is characterized largely by rapid cell infiltration in the lungs, chronic asthma is characterized by progressive airway remodeling which includes epithelial cell mucus metaplasia, smooth muscle hypertrophy/hyperplasia, subepithelial fibrosis, and increased angiogenesis. (grantome.com)
  • The development of subepithelial fibrosis represents an important feature of airway remodeling in asthma, and a critical role for epithelial cells herei is emerging. (grantome.com)
  • In Specific Aim 3 we will determine the importance of SMAD3 linker domain phosphorylation and resultant decreases of let-7g miRNA in promoting epithelial to mesenchymal transition, airways fibrosis, and altered respiratory mechanics in vivo, via the creation of TetOP-FLAG-SMAD3-EPSM mice, which are refractory to phosphorylation by JNK in the linker domain, and TetOP-FLAG-SMAD3-wild type (WT) transgenic mice, as a control. (grantome.com)
  • The reduced eosinophil recruitment to the airway in PI3Kγ-deficient mice challenged with OVA was associated with significantly reduced numbers of TGF-β1 + peribronchial cells, reduced numbers of pSmad 2/3 + airway epithelial cells, and pSmad 2/3 + peribronchial cells, as well as significantly reduced levels of peribronchial fibrosis (quanti-tated by trichrome staining and image analysis as well as by lung collagen levels). (elsevier.com)
  • These pathological structural changes lead to thickening of the airway wall, goblet cell metaplasia, and subepithelial fibrosis ( 6 ). (jimmunol.org)
Pathogenesis9
  • Although statistical correlation does not prove causation, this finding suggests that NO may play a key role in the pathogenesis of airway remodelling. (portlandpress.com)
  • However, the precise role and molecular mechanisms by which PTEN and CD38 are involved in airway remodeling throughout asthma pathogenesis remains poorly understood. (aging-us.com)
  • These findings demonstrate that PTEN inhibits airway remodeling of asthma through the downregulation of CD38-mediated Ca2+/CREB signaling, highlighting a key role of PTEN/CD38/Ca2+/CREB signaling in the molecular pathogenesis of asthma. (aging-us.com)
  • A new paradigm for asthma pathogenesis is presented in which exaggerated inflammation and remodeling in the airways are a consequence of abnormal injury and repair responses arising from a subject's susceptibility to components of the inhaled environment. (elsevier.com)
  • Airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling is the most critical process in the pathogenesis of COPD. (elsevier.com)
  • Gel contraction Background Airway remodeling is an important aspect in the pathogenesis of various lung diseases [ 1 ], and involves persistent changes in the normal architecture of airway walls. (paperity.org)
  • Airway wall remodeling starts early in the pathogenesis of asthma and today it is suggested that remodeling is a prerequisite for other asthma pathologies. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
  • Given the equal importance of inflammation and remodelling in asthma pathogenesis, there is a significant disparity in studies undertaken to investigate the contribution of each. (blogspot.com)
  • Airway mechanical compression: its role in asthma pathogenesis and progression. (harvard.edu)
Hyper-responsiveness4
  • 23],[24] Exposure to ambient airborne PM was shown to cause oxidative and nitrosative stress, airway hyper-responsiveness, airway remodeling , and exacerbation of chronic inflammation. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease usually characterized by chronic airway inflammation, airway remodeling, and airway hyper responsiveness [ 1 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Airway remodelling, which is manifested by thickening of bronchial wall, is an important causative factor of bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthma. (portlandpress.com)
  • The airway inflammation and remodelling together likely explain the clinical manifestations of asthma that is demonstrated by complicated respiratory manifestations in which wheeze occurring secondary to bronchoconstriction in the setting of airway hyper-responsiveness and mucous hypersecretion. (scirp.org)
Role in airway3
  • Since the renin-angiotensin system is activated in acute severe asthma, we hypothesized that angiotensin II has a role in airway remodelling. (portlandpress.com)
  • In the present review we discuss the ASM cell and its role in airway wall remodeling and angiogenesis. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
  • Significant role in airway remodeling play matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). (mif-ua.com)
Deposition9
  • Further models of "disease"-on-a-chip include modeling the effects of cigarette smoke, including inflammation, oxidative stress, airway remodeling , and ECM deposition, using a smoking machine, as well as airway constriction in asthma and immunotherapy of cancer. (thefreedictionary.com)
  • Airway smooth muscle (ASM) accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition are characteristic features of airway remodeling, which may contribute to persistent AHR. (rug.nl)
  • Follistatin instillation during allergen challenge inhibited secretion of activin A and transforming growth factor β1 in the lung, and significantly inhibited subepithelial collagen deposition and airway epithelial mucus production. (bmj.com)
  • Introduction: Airway remodelling refers to a wide pattern of patophysiological mechanisms involving smooth muscle cell hyperplasia, increase of activated fibroblasts and myofibroblasts with deposition of extracellular matrix. (lu.se)
  • The structural alterations of airway remodeling include epithelial hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia, airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia, and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). (jimmunol.org)
  • Dynamic strain, particularly at the lower magnitude, induced airway wall remodeling, as indicated by increased deposition of types III and IV collagen and increased secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9. (northwestern.edu)
  • Remodeling in asthma is characterized by the following structural changes: Hypertrophy/hyperplasia of airway smooth muscle, increase in mucus glands, thickening of the reticular basement membrane, vascular dilation/angiogenesis and ECM deposition. (pneumon.org)
  • Describes the influence of matrix metalloproteinase, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase, transforming growth factor, collagen autoantibody III type, endothelin-1 on morphological reconstruction processes as airway smooth muscle hypertrophy, enhanced revascularization, epithelial cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, compaction of the basal membrane, observed in bronchial asthma. (mif-ua.com)
  • The findings using the compressive in vitro system have already led to experiments in humans showing that methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction, in the absence of eosinophilic inflammation, can lead to collagen deposition under the epithelial monolayer, enhanced expression of TGF-*, and increased numbers of goblet cells - key aspects of airway remodeling. (harvard.edu)
Metaplasia3
  • Features of airway remodeling in asthma include an increase of airway smooth muscle mass, epithelial injury, epithelial cell hyperplasia, goblet cell metaplasia, reticular basement membrane (RBM) thickening, and angiogenesis [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • Chronic inflammation with mucous metaplasia and airway remodeling are hallmarks of allergic asthma, and these outcomes have been associated with enhanced expression and activation of EGFR signaling. (jci.org)
  • Although decades of research have elucidated pathobiologic roles for these hematopoietic cells in airway disease and linked them to the development of goblet cell metaplasia, we can now define their maturation and activation in human tissue, as well as the cellular neighborhoods in which they function. (shaleklab.com)
Persistent7
  • Our findings support the concept that localized, acquired SIgA deficiency in individual small airways of patients with COPD allows colonizing bacteria to cross the epithelial barrier and drive persistent inflammation and airway wall remodeling, even after smoking cessation. (ovid.com)
  • Persistent inflammation and repair responses induce airway remodeling and damage to the respiratory system. (nih.gov)
  • Although the exact underlying mechanisms of airway remodelling still elude us, the existence of chronic persistent inflammation, involving longstanding exposure of the airways to a variety of environmental agents, cells and mediators, is generally considered a prerequisite [ 7 - 9 ], and IgE is central to the initiation and persistence of this inflammation [ 2 , 10 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation consequent to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases [ 1 ]. (mdpi.com)
  • Besides the acute symptoms, asthma is characterized by persistent airway inflammation and airway wall remodeling. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
  • Airway remodeling may result from persistent airway inflammation. (epgonline.org)
  • Much of the morbidity and mortality associated with persistent asthma is attributable to progressive and irreversible remodeling of the airway wall. (harvard.edu)
Allergic asthma5
  • In the context of allergic asthma, VEGF has been shown to induce airway remodeling and enhance Th2-mediated lung inflammation ( 17 ). (jimmunol.org)
  • Airway remodeling is a characteristic feature of allergic asthma that is now thought to contribute to airway dysfunction and, ultimately, to clinical symptoms. (eurekaselect.com)
  • While current remedies consist of corticosteroids leukotriene antagonists and long-acting ?2 agonists these therapies aren't effective in stopping or reversing airway redecorating 5-BrdU in patients experiencing chronic allergic asthma [2]. (immune-source.com)
  • IgE is an important mediator of allergic reactions, including allergic asthma, and has a central role in asthma-related symptoms, airway inflammation and, possibly, airway remodelling [ 2 , 3 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • Can anti-IgE therapy prevent airway remodeling in allergic asthma? (epgonline.org)
Murine4
  • The effect of metformin treatment on airway inflammation and pivotal characteristics of airway remodeling were examined in a murine model of chronic asthma generated by repetitive challenges with ovalbumin and fungal-associated allergenic protease. (nih.gov)
  • A. fumigatus also induced endothelin-1 in murine lungs, associated with extensive inflammation and airway wall remodelling. (salford.ac.uk)
  • Beneficial effects of ursodeoxycholic acid via inhibition of airway remodelling, apoptosis of airway epithelial cells, and Th2 immune response in murine model of chronic asthma. (hepaton.com)
  • In conclusion, our findings suggest that 15d-PGJ 2 can reduce crucial features of asthma, including AHR, lung inflammation, and remodeling in distinct murine models of the disease. (frontiersin.org)
Asthmatic airway8
  • Accumulating evidence convincingly demonstrates that activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily, is a key driver of airway inflammation, but its role in chronic asthmatic airway remodelling is ill-defined. (bmj.com)
  • Conclusions These data demonstrate that follistatin attenuates asthmatic airway remodelling. (bmj.com)
  • To determine whether blocking activin A with its naturally occurring antagonist follistatin inhibits asthmatic airway remodelling. (bmj.com)
  • Moreover, evidence suggests that Notch signaling links embryonic lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Herein, we summarized all-recent advances associated with the mechanistic role of Notch signaling in lung development, consequences of aberrant expression or deletion of Notch signaling in linking early-impaired lung development and asthmatic airway remodeling, and all recently investigated potential therapeutic strategies to treat asthmatic airway remodeling. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Although the mechanism is still under investigation and not accurately known, the imbalance between MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 is considered a major theory to explain the progression of asthmatic airway remodeling. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Elevated levels of TGF-β have been reported in the asthmatic airway. (elsevier.com)
  • TGF-β also induces the production and release of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor, contributing to the vascular remodeling in the asthmatic airway. (elsevier.com)
Structural changes8
  • Airway remodeling refers to the structural changes in the airway including, but not limited to, the airway smooth muscle, airway epithelia, blood vessels, and extracellular matrix [ 2 ]. (hindawi.com)
  • The term "airway remodeling" in asthma refers to structural changes that occur in conjunction with, or because of, chronic airway inflammation. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic inflammation and structural changes in the airways. (rug.nl)
  • Most elements of the airway wall are implicated in the structural changes observed during remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
  • The term airway wall remodeling summarizes the structural changes in the airway wall: epithelial cell shedding, goblet cell hyperplasia, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the airway smooth muscle (ASM) bundles, basement membrane thickening and increased vascular density. (openrespiratorymedicinejournal.com)
  • Among the markers, determining the degree of structural changes in the airways are matrix metalloproteinase tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase, transforming growth factor autoantibody to collagen type III, endothelin-1. (mif-ua.com)
  • The hallmark pathological features of asthma include airway eosinophilic inflammation and structural changes (remodelling) which are associated with an irreversible loss in lung function that tracks from childhood to adulthood. (blogspot.com)
  • Of note, IT even resulted in a regression of structural changes in the airways following chronic inhaled allergen exposure. (jimmunol.org)
Features of airway2
  • Using a selective endothelin-1 receptor antagonist, we demonstrated for the first time, that endothelin-1 drives many features of airway wall remodelling and inflammation elicited by A. fumigatus . (salford.ac.uk)
  • What are the pathological features of airway remodeling in asthma? (blogspot.com)
Mice15
  • We exposed ovalbumin (OVA)-challenged asthma mice to chronic IH and observed that chronic IH aggravated airway inflammation and collagen deposit in OVA-challenged mice. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Moreover, targeted inhibition of airway DUOX1 in mice with previously established HDM-induced allergic inflammation, by intratracheal administration of DUOX1-targeted siRNA or pharmacological NADPH oxidase inhibitors, reversed most of these outcomes. (jci.org)
  • The in vitro knockdown of CD38 or overexpression of PTEN remarkably restricted airway remodeling and decreased Ca2+ concentrations and CREB phosphorylation in asthmatic mice. (aging-us.com)
  • We investigated the time course of airway epithelial damage and repair in mice after a single exposure to a high concentration of Cl 2 gas. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We conclude that a single exposure of mice to Cl 2 gas causes acute changes in lung function, including pulmonary responsiveness to methacholine challenge, associated with airway damage, followed by subsequent repair and airway remodelling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • METHODS: We assessed the induction of key profibrogenic factors, TGFβ1, TGFβ2, periostin and endothelin-1, by human airway epithelial cells and in mice exposed to A. fumigatus spores or secreted fungal factors. (salford.ac.uk)
  • ii) We will determine the ability of smooth muscle-specific STIM1 and Orai3 knockout mice to develop asthma and ASM remodeling upon OVA challenge. (elsevier.com)
  • Characteristics of lung inflammation, airway hyper-reactivity (AHR), mucus exacerbation, and lung remodeling in sensitized A/J mice treated or not with 15d-PGJ 2 were assessed. (frontiersin.org)
  • Unfortunately, the conventional assessments of asthma in mice often rely on invasive measures of pulmonary function, ex vivo characterization of pulmonary cellular infiltration and observation of anatomical changes, such as airway remodeling due to inflammation, an approach that, while used extensively and highly validated, preclude the possibility of repeated, longitudinal assessment of test animals. (biomedcentral.com)
  • In this study, we have examined the role of phosphoinositide 3 kinase γ (PDKγ), a class Ib PI3K, in contributing to airway remodeling utilizing PI3Kγ-deficient mice exposed to chronic allergen challenge. (elsevier.com)
  • Wild-type (WT) mice sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) and chronically challenged with OVA for 1 mo developed significantly increased levels of eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodeling. (elsevier.com)
  • After development of chronic airway inflammation, mice received OVA-specific IT or placebo alternately to airway challenge for 3 wk. (jimmunol.org)
  • METHODS: IL-33 levels were quantified in neonatal mice given inhaled house dust mite (HDM), and the effect of blocking IL-13 on remodeling and IL-33 levels was assessed. (ox.ac.uk)
  • HDM-induced allergic airways disease (AAD) in neonatal ST2(-/-) mice lacking the IL-33 receptor was assessed, together with collagen production after IL-33 administration. (ox.ac.uk)
  • Increased cellular expression of IL-33, but not IL-13, was associated with increased reticular basement membrane thickness in EB specimens from children with STRA, whereas remodeling was absent in HDM-exposed ST2(-/-) mice. (ox.ac.uk)
Development of airway6
  • In conclusion, PC are necessary for the development of airway remodeling by mediating calcium flux and Sonic Hedgehog signaling. (nih.gov)
  • There is evidence that IgE are implicated in the development of airway remodeling and that it may be attenuated by treatment with anti-IgE omalizumab. (ersjournals.com)
  • The assumption of thickening of the reticular basement membrane being a prerequirement for chronic asthma is questioned but development of airway responsiveness is a significant factor. (ovid.com)
  • In addition to TGF-β and eosinophils, several other factors have been implicated in the development of airway remodeling. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Moreover, clinical and mechanistic evidence has lately emerged, implicating IgE in the development of airway remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
  • ROS are implicated in the development of airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling. (elsevier.com)
Thickening of the airway wall1
  • Vascular changes may occur simultaneously with the thickening of the airway wall and the narrowing of the bronchial lumen. (hindawi.com)
Angiogenesis1
  • Human rhinoviruses, major precipitants of asthma exacerbations, induce lower airway inflammation and mediate angiogenesis. (biomedcentral.com)
Human airway epithelial cells1
  • The composting procedure in food waste plants generates airborne bioaerosols that have the potential to damage human airway epithelial cells. (nih.gov)
Pulmonary9
  • RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic inflammation, alveolar destruction, and airway and vascular remodeling. (biomedsearch.com)
  • We examined the relationship between secretory IgA (SIgA) on the mucosal surface of small airways and parameters of inflammation and airway wall remodeling in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (ovid.com)
  • Effects of Bronchodilation on Computed Tomography (CT) Parameters Reflecting Airways Remodelling, and Pulmonary Emphysema Extent. (webhealthnetwork.com)
  • We have recently reported for the first time that global inhibition of calpain prevents pulmonary vascular remodeling induced by chronic hypoxia and monocrotaline. (elsevier.com)
  • Transforming growth factor (TGF)/Smad pathway have been shown to play important roles in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling. (elsevier.com)
  • This proposal is to study a novel hypothesis that calpain mediates ROS- and TS-induced cell proliferation and collagen synthesis in airway and pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells via activation of intracellular TGF1 in TS-induced COPD. (elsevier.com)
  • Moreover, the role of calpain in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling will be evaluated in a COPD animal model using innovative inducible global and smooth muscle-specific calpain knockout mouse line. (elsevier.com)
  • This proposal is novel because it will identify calpain as a mediator in airway and pulmonary vascular remodeling and calpain serves this role by activating intracellular TGF1 in BSMCs and PASMCs. (elsevier.com)
  • C ) Small airway disorders identified using the pulmonary ventilation test in the different COPD patients. (aging-us.com)
Mucus hypersecretion2
  • The consequences of airway remodeling in asthma may include incompletely reversible airway narrowing, bronchial hyperresponsivenesss, airway edema, and mucus hypersecretion. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Structural and functional changes caused by chronic inflammation include narrowing or loss of small airways, mucus hypersecretion, mucociliary dysfunction, and destruction of the lung parenchyma that leads to the loss of alveolar attachments to the small airways and decreases lung elastic recoil. (mdpi.com)
Therapeutic15
  • The aim of this study was to test the potential of follistatin as a therapeutic agent to inhibit airway remodelling in an experimental model of chronic allergic airway inflammation. (bmj.com)
  • Considering that these cells are key players in the remodelling process, it is of utmost importance to characterise specific markers for the various fibroblast phenotypes and to explore factors that drive the differentiation to develop future diagnostic and therapeutic tools for asthma patients. (lu.se)
  • A prevalent hypothesis holds that eosinophil-derived transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a predominant underlying mechanism driving the development of remodeling and thus, represent promising targets for therapeutic intervention. (eurekaselect.com)
  • This review will appraise the evidence pertaining to the roles of TGF-β, eosinophils and IL-13 in allergic remodeling, and will suggest that identifying robust targets for therapeutic intervention might benefit from a reconsideration of our approach to understanding remodeling. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Ramzi Fattouh and Manel Jordana, " TGF-β, Eosinophils and IL-13 in Allergic Airway Remodeling: A Critical Appraisal with Therapeutic Considerations", Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) (2008) 7: 224. (eurekaselect.com)
  • Therapeutic agents with the potential to block the allergic cascade at an early stage, such as omalizumab, may potentially also attenuate airway remodelling, a possibility also supported by evidence suggesting that long-term anti-IgE treatment remains effective long after it has been discontinued [ 11 - 13 ]. (ersjournals.com)
  • We propose that Orai3 is a key determinant in ASM remodeling during asthma and that Orai3 is a better therapeutic target than Orai1. (elsevier.com)
  • These studies will enhance our understanding of native Orai Ca2+ channels regulation in ASM and will validate Orai3 and Orai3-encoded channels as therapeutic targets for ASM remodeling in chronic asthma. (elsevier.com)
  • Reduction of TGF-β production and control of TGF-β effects would be beneficial in the development of therapeutic intervention for airway remodeling in chronic asthma. (elsevier.com)
  • Therefore, unless airway remodelling is addressed for future therapeutic strategies, it is unlikely that we will progress towards a cure for asthma. (blogspot.com)
  • Having acknowledged these limitations, the focus of this review is to highlight the gaps in our current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying airway remodelling, the relationships between remodelling, inflammation and function, remodelling and clinical phenotypes, and the importance of utilising innovative and realistic pre-clinical models to uncover effective, disease-modifying therapeutic strategies. (blogspot.com)
  • Overall, this study demonstrates an important role for PI3Kγ in mediating allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway remodeling, suggesting that PI3Kγ may be a novel therapeutic target in asthma. (elsevier.com)
  • An increase in airway smooth muscle (ASM) volume is quantitatively important in the overall remodelling response and may be considered as a target for new therapeutic approaches to chronic asthma. (scienceexchange.com)
  • The findings of this study suggest that epithelial changes in the airway may be mediated through EMT mechanisms and could be modulated by vitamin D. Therefore, vitamin D may provide a therapeutic role in attenuating allergic airway inflammation. (creighton.edu)
  • CONCLUSION: IL-33 is a relatively steroid-resistant mediator that promotes airway remodeling in patients with STRA and is an important therapeutic target. (ox.ac.uk)
Cytokines2
  • All cytokine levels were significantly lower in group IV compared to the placebo.These findings suggested that the dose of 150mg/kg UDCA improved all histopathological changes of airway remodelling and its beneficial effects might be related to modulating Th-2 derived cytokines and the inhibition of apoptosis of airway epithelial cells. (hepaton.com)
  • Both of these cytokines are released post complement activation in airway lumen. (biomedcentral.com)
Pathological2
  • Please cite this paper as: Westergren-Thorsson G, Larsen K, Nihlberg K, Andersson-Sjoland A, Hallgren O, Marko-Varga G and Bjermer L. Pathological airway remodelling in inflammation. (lu.se)
  • We showed that CRAC mediate proliferative signals during pathological smooth muscle remodeling. (elsevier.com)
Vascular9
  • Vascular changes may significantly contribute to airway wall remodelling. (hindawi.com)
  • Consequently, pharmacological control of bronchial vascular remodelling may be crucial for symptom control in asthma and COPD. (hindawi.com)
  • In asthmatic airways, inhaled steroids can downregulate vascular remodelling by acting on proangiogenic factors. (hindawi.com)
  • Additionally, studies on combination therapy with long-acting β 2-agonists and inhaled steroids have provided evidence of a possible synergistic action on components of vascular remodelling in asthma. (hindawi.com)
  • Importantly, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the most specific growth factor for vascular endothelium, is crucially involved in the pathophysiology of airway vascular remodelling, both in asthma and COPD. (hindawi.com)
  • The inhibition of VEGF and its receptor may be useful in the treatment of the vascular changes in the airway wall. (hindawi.com)
  • IL-18 induces emphysema and airway and vascular remodeling via IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-13. (biomedsearch.com)
  • Discussion:` My studies revealed novel aspects of Rbm and vascular remodelling in BB from COPD subjects and S-N and for the first time showed that ICS are effective on Rbm changes in COPD. (edu.au)
  • Absence of vascular changes in ES-COPD subjects may imply that vascular remodelling is reversible with smoking cessation, but to test this we need a longitudinal smoking cessation study. (edu.au)
Bronchial epithelial cells2
  • To characterize the effects of dynamic compression in ECM remodeling in a physiologically relevant three-dimensional environment, a tissue-engineered human airway wall model with differentiated bronchial epithelial cells atop a collagen gel containing lung fibroblasts was used. (northwestern.edu)
  • Thus both mesenchymal cells and bronchial epithelial cells participate in the airway remodeling process. (paperity.org)
Extracellular matrix3
  • Airway wall remodeling is a hallmark of asthma, characterized by subepithelial thickening and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. (northwestern.edu)
  • Swartz, Melody A. / Extracellular matrix remodeling by dynamic strain in a three-dimensional tissue-engineered human airway wall model . (northwestern.edu)
  • We stimulated the culture with transforming growth factor (TGF) β1 as an inducer of tissue remodeling for 21 days, and measured gel size, histological changes, and expression of factors related to extracellular matrix homeostasis. (paperity.org)
Collagen6
  • Compared with the OVA group, the OVA + chronic IH group had a lower expression level of epithelial marker E-cadherin and higher expression levels of mesenchymal markers α -smooth muscle actin and collagen IV in airway epithelia, accompanied with activation of TGF- β /Smad pathway. (aspetjournals.org)
  • We found that chronic IH induces TGF- β -mediated EMT and aggravates airway collagen deposit. (aspetjournals.org)
  • Further, TGF- β1 promotes the differentiation of fibroblast into myofibroblast, and IL-13 stimulates collagen type-1 production by the airway fibroblast in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and TGF-β1-dependent manner. (biomedcentral.com)
  • These findings suggest the usefulness of the 3D collagen-matrices model with lung fibroblasts in investigating the airway remodeling process in connective tissue. (paperity.org)
  • Based on the above, we hypothesized that RV infection may also contribute to the fibrotic component of airway remodeling through bFGF, which may induce fibroblast proliferation and regulate collagen turnover. (biomedcentral.com)
  • IL-33 expression was quantified in endobronchial biopsy (EB) specimens from children with STRA and related to remodeling, and collagen production by airway fibroblasts from pediatric patients stimulated with IL-33 and budesonide was quantified. (ox.ac.uk)
Cells in airway1
  • Objectives: This review highlights the role of different fibroblast phenotypes and potential origins of these cells in airway remodelling. (lu.se)
Basement membrane2
  • The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the thickness of the reticular basement membrane in a sample equivalent to a central airway biopsy and the dimensions of the airway wall measured on transverse sections of both central and peripheral airways. (nih.gov)
  • These findings show that reticular basement membrane thickness of central airways, which may be assessed by endobronchial biopsy, is correlated with airway remodeling in cartilaginous airways but not with airway wall dimensions of membranous airways. (nih.gov)
Thickness4
  • The ratio of airway wall thickness to lumen diameter was significantly correlated with the sputum concentration of nitrite/nitrate. (portlandpress.com)
  • Researchers also believe that a good non-invasive tool for measuring for airway thickness and remodeling is high resolution computed tomography, or high resolution cat scan ( a CT ). (blogspot.com)
  • TGF-β also induces proliferation and survival of and ECM secretion in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs), suggesting a possible cause of increased thickness of airway tissues. (elsevier.com)
  • Measurements and Main Results: Airway epithelial and LR thickness was greater in subjects with severe asthma compared with those with mild asthma, normal subjects, and diseased control subjects (p = 0.009 and 0.033, respectively). (utmb.edu)
Epithelial cell4
  • Bioaerosols from a food waste composting plant affect human airway epithelial cell remodeling genes. (nih.gov)
  • Importantly, MMP-9 regulation might be a crucial factor for programmed epithelial cell healing or remodeling, which relies on the upstream signaling pathway of STAT-3 and cyclin D-dependent kinase. (nih.gov)
  • The acute injury phase after Cl 2 exposure (≤ 24 hrs post-exposure) was characterized by airway epithelial cell apoptosis (increased TUNEL staining) and sloughing, elevated protein in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and a modest increase in airway responses to methacholine. (biomedcentral.com)
  • The repair phase after Cl 2 exposure was characterized by increased airway epithelial cell proliferation, measured by immunoreactive proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), with maximal proliferation occurring 5 days after Cl 2 exposure. (biomedcentral.com)
Nasal15
  • VIVAER ® Nasal Airway Remodeling - goes beyond traditional treatment options, delivers results beyond expectations. (sleepandsinuscenters.com)
  • Take these two simple tests to discover if you'll benefit from Nasal Airway Remodeling. (drhesterent.com)
  • Narrowing of the nasal valve may be caused by an enlargement of any of the three primary structures, decreasing the overall nasal airway area. (drhesterent.com)
  • If any of these tissues enlarge, nasal airway size is reduced, causing lower airflow. (drhesterent.com)
  • Today there is a third option: VIVAER® Non-Invasive Nasal Airway Remodeling. (drhesterent.com)
  • Nasal airway surgery involves repairing parts of the nasal cavity. (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Dr. Nguyen, an expert in nose and throat conditions , performs nasal airway remodeling procedures for Houston, Cypress and Jersey Village residents. (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Do I Need Nasal Airway Surgery? (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Your doctor may suggest nasal airway surgery when a damaged nasal cavity is blocking the flow of air through the nose. (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Nasal airway surgery is usually the last option after other less invasive and low-risk treatment options. (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Dr. Nguyen is an ENT specialist who provides VIVAER nasal procedures and nasal airway remodeling for residents of Houston, Cypress and Jersey Village. (thesinusdoctor.com)
  • Vivaer® Nasal Airway Remodeling is a treatment that can be conveniently performed at ENT Specialists of Metairie to help you breathe more easily. (entofmetairie.com)
  • Today there is a third option: Vivaer® Nasal Airway Remodeling. (entofmetairie.com)
  • VIVAER Nasal Airway Remodelling Can Help! (andrewcomptonmd.com)
  • VIVAER nasal airway remodelling is a procedure to fix lifelong breathing issues. (andrewcomptonmd.com)
Fibroblasts3
  • Conclusion: It is clear that airway mesenchymal cells, including fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, are more dynamic in terms of differentiation and origin than has previously been recognised. (lu.se)
  • Using the assay with lung fibroblasts is useful in studying the lung tissue remodeling process in wound healing and disease development. (paperity.org)
  • Our novel in vitro co-culture model will be a useful tool for investigating the roles of epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and their interactions in the airway remodeling process. (paperity.org)
Inflammation and remodelin2
  • Airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. (biomedsearch.com)
  • We investigated the potential effect of metformin on airway inflammation and remodeling in asthma. (nih.gov)
Apoptosis2
  • Adoptive transfer of CD4+ T cells from sensitized rats induced an increase in proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis of airway myocytes in naive recipients upon repeated antigen challenge, which resulted in an increase in ASM mass. (jci.org)
  • TGF-β has been shown to induce apoptosis in airway epithelial cells. (elsevier.com)
Severe asthma5
  • An important advance in our understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma has been the discovery that airway inflammation is not confined to severe asthma but also characterizes mild and moderate asthma. (biomedsearch.com)
  • In this review, we discuss recent findings supporting the notion that anti-IgE treatment modulates the complex immune responses that manifest clinically as asthma and ameliorates airway remodelling changes often observed in allergic severe asthma phenotypes. (ersjournals.com)
  • Likewise, asthmatics with severe asthma have thicker airways than subjects with milder disease. (blogspot.com)
  • There was a greater level of apoptotic activity in the airway biopsy in subjects with severe asthma as compared with the normal subjects using the TUNEL assay (p = 0.002), suggesting increased cell death. (utmb.edu)
  • These changes may contribute to the progressive decline in lung function and airway remodeling in patients with severe asthma. (utmb.edu)
Mechanisms of airway2
  • The mechanisms of airway remodeling, however, are still unclear. (hindawi.com)
  • Endobronchial biopsy studies may provide insight into the role and relative contribution of the different mechanisms of airway remodelling in CF, with the main limitation that they assess only changes in proximal large airways and not in peripheral small airways from where CF disease is thought to originate. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
Lower airway2
  • Measured by in vivo airway resistance in response to 50 mg/ml Ach, our preliminary data suggests that rats conceived and raised under chronic hypoxic conditions (15% O2) exhibit lower airway reactivity, compared to room air controls (20% O2) at baseline (0.397, 0.789 respectively) and following Ova sensitization/challenge (0.696, 1.159 respectively). (iupui.edu)
  • We hypothesized lower airway reactivity was associated with less ASM in response to hypoxic conditions. (iupui.edu)
Mediators4
  • Model shows active mediators of the complement cascade during inflammation in airway asthma. (biomedcentral.com)
  • As shown, all these mediators contribute in tissue damage and remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
  • Remodeling is a heterogeneous process, which leads to changes in the structure of the respiratory tract, resulting in under the influence of mediators and biologically active substances to 'break' the biophysical components that determine the contraction of smooth muscle elements. (mif-ua.com)
  • It is concluded that (1) Histamine is one of the mediators in the airway remodeling of asthma . (bvsalud.org)
Findings4
  • Conclusions - Our findings support the hypothesis that omalizumab attenuates airway inflammation and remodeling, acting in the first few months of therapy. (ersjournals.com)
  • Novel findings on genetic variation in genes regulating lung growth and remodeling in early childhood shed light on the pathophysiological mechanisms leading to chronic asthma. (ovid.com)
  • These findings challenge the above hypothesis and suggest that the mechanisms governing remodeling may be context specific. (eurekaselect.com)
  • In part, these findings could be attributed to the possible ameliorating effects of anti-IgE treatment on airway remodelling. (ersjournals.com)
Lung inflammation2
  • Early studies found increased numbers of T helper 2 (Th2) cells in the airways of asthmatics and defined them as the key players in regulating allergic lung inflammation. (biomedcentral.com)
  • We studied the DRA model taking advantage of fluorescence molecular tomography (FMT) imaging using near-infrared probes to non-invasively evaluate lung inflammation and airway remodeling. (biomedcentral.com)
Disease11
  • Asthma treatment with inhaled corticosteroids does not fully prevent airway remodelling and thus have restricted influence on the natural course of the disease. (lu.se)
  • Paradoxically, given the prevalence and importance of airway remodeling in lung disease, its etiology is poorly understood. (duke.edu)
  • Airway remodelling, defined as structural airway wall changes, begins early in life in CF but the sequence of remodelling events in the disease process is poorly understood. (cfgenetherapy.org.uk)
  • Relationship between serum vitamin D, disease severity, and airway remodeling in children with asthma. (semanticscholar.org)
  • article{Gupta2011RelationshipBS, title={Relationship between serum vitamin D, disease severity, and airway remodeling in children with asthma. (semanticscholar.org)
  • Airway remodelling is a feature of asthma that has the potential to explain the induction and chronicity of the disease. (biomedcentral.com)
  • This session will evaluate mechanisms underpinning the interplay between infection, inflammation and repair/remodeling in CF lung disease. (nacfconference.org)
  • This is added evidence that asthma should be treated aggressively with inhaled corticosteroids early on in the course of the disease to prevent permanent airway damage and worsening asthma. (blogspot.com)
  • Chronic airflow limitation in COPD is caused by a combination of small airways disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), the relative contributions of which vary from person to person with respect to concurrent occurrence and/or rates of evolvement over time. (mdpi.com)
  • Despite the evidence that supports a close relationship between remodeling and clinical severity, the presence of airway remodeling is considered as an independent factor in the whole pathophysiological process of the disease. (pneumon.org)
  • We still need further research in order to better understand the relationship between remodeling, the natural history of the disease and the early relevant markers that might predict its appearance and its progress. (pneumon.org)
Mechanism of airway3
  • The pathophysiological mechanism of airway remodelling is not clear. (portlandpress.com)
  • A possible mechanism of airway remodeling genes in response to bioaersol exposure in the composting hall. (nih.gov)
  • The possible mechanism of airway remodeling response of genes to bioaerosols from the composting hall is illustrated in Figure 5. (nih.gov)
Asthma is characterized2
  • Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling. (hindawi.com)
  • Asthma is characterized by airway hyper-reactivity, which can result from increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) and airway remodeling following airway inflammation. (iupui.edu)
Smooth9
  • However, nothing is known about the role of PC in airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in the context of airway remodeling. (nih.gov)
  • Primary cilia are expressed in human airway smooth muscle cells. (nih.gov)
  • Primary cilia (PC) were assessed in ASMCs in culture and in airway smooth muscle in human normal and asthmatic lung. (nih.gov)
  • Increased airway smooth muscle in early childhood is associated with later development of asthma and may be one link between inflammation and airway responsiveness. (ovid.com)
  • Exposure to tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells markedly decreased PTEN expression, and increased expression of CD38. (aging-us.com)
  • DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Airway smooth muscle (ASM) remodeling in chronic asthma involves structural and functional changes from healthy into hyper-reactive and proliferative/hypertrophic ASM. (elsevier.com)
  • An epithelial-mesenchymal trophic unit becomes activated to drive pathologic remodeling and smooth muscle proliferation through complex cytokine interactions. (elsevier.com)
  • Histamine, prostanoids, and cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent contractile agonists of airway smooth muscle (ASM). (elsevier.com)
  • Mechanical stress due to hyperresponsive smooth muscle cells may contribute to this remodeling, but its relevance in a three-dimensional environment (where the ECM plays an important role in modulating stresses felt by cells) is unclear. (northwestern.edu)
Contribute to airway1
  • FSTL1 may contribute to airway remodeling in asthmatics. (hindawi.com)
Small airways1
  • However, when small airways were classified as SIgA intact or SIgA deficient, we found that pathologic changes were localized almost exclusively to SIgA-deficient airways, regardless of study group. (ovid.com)
Pathophysiology2
  • Although much has been learned in the past 25 years about the pathophysiology of airway inflammation and airway remodeling in asthma, important questions remain about the relation between airway inflammation and remodeling, the natural history of airway remodeling, and the effects of current asthma treatments on remodeled airways. (biomedsearch.com)
  • We aimed to investigate how chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH), the main pathophysiology of OSA, exacerbates asthma and whether Ang-(1-7) protects against chronic IH-induced airway remodeling in asthma. (aspetjournals.org)
Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma - Research database - University of Groningen
Laminin α4 contributes to airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma - Research database - University of Groningen (rug.nl)
Leila Mostaço-Guidolin - Mendeley
Leila Mostaço-Guidolin - Mendeley (mendeley.com)
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Volume 9
International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | Volume 9 (dovepress.com)
Eosinophils increase airway sensory nerve density in mice and in human asthma | Science Translational Medicine
Eosinophils increase airway sensory nerve density in mice and in human asthma | Science Translational Medicine (stm.sciencemag.org)
Biosensors | Free Full-Text | Sensing a Sensor: Identifying the Mechanosensory Function of Primary Cilia | HTML
Biosensors | Free Full-Text | Sensing a Sensor: Identifying the Mechanosensory Function of Primary Cilia | HTML (mdpi.com)
Journal of Asthma and Allergy - Dove Press Open Access Publisher
Journal of Asthma and Allergy - Dove Press Open Access Publisher (dovepress.com)
IL-10 and Regulatory T Cells Cooperate in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy To Ameliorate Allergic Asthma | The Journal of...
IL-10 and Regulatory T Cells Cooperate in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy To Ameliorate Allergic Asthma | The Journal of... (jimmunol.org)
Regulatory T Cells Negatively Regulate Neovasculature of Airway Remodeling via DLL4-Notch Signaling | The Journal of Immunology
Regulatory T Cells Negatively Regulate Neovasculature of Airway Remodeling via DLL4-Notch Signaling | The Journal of Immunology (jimmunol.org)
The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling | Science Signaling
The Homeobox Transcription Factor Cut Coordinates Patterning and Growth During Drosophila Airway Remodeling | Science Signaling (stke.sciencemag.org)
Table of Contents - February 19, 2013, 6 (263) | Science Signaling
Table of Contents - February 19, 2013, 6 (263) | Science Signaling (stke.sciencemag.org)
Endobronchial ultrasonography detects subepithelial remodeling in large airways of asthmatic horses | European Respiratory...
Endobronchial ultrasonography detects subepithelial remodeling in large airways of asthmatic horses | European Respiratory... (erj.ersjournals.com)
Human kallikrein-related peptidase 12 stimulates endothelial cell migration by remodeling the fibronectin matrix | Scientific...
Human kallikrein-related peptidase 12 stimulates endothelial cell migration by remodeling the fibronectin matrix | Scientific... (nature.com)
Microbiota-Mediated Immunomodulation and Asthma: Current and Future Perspectives | SpringerLink
Microbiota-Mediated Immunomodulation and Asthma: Current and Future Perspectives | SpringerLink (link.springer.com)
Which chronic or recurrent conditions in children are associated with asthma?
Which chronic or recurrent conditions in children are associated with asthma? (medscape.com)
What is the role of blood eosinophilia in the diagnosis of asthma?
What is the role of blood eosinophilia in the diagnosis of asthma? (medscape.com)
What are the similarities of airway tumors and asthma?
What are the similarities of airway tumors and asthma? (medscape.com)
Allergy Frontiers:Clinical Manifestations | Ruby Pawankar | Springer
Allergy Frontiers:Clinical Manifestations | Ruby Pawankar | Springer (springer.com)
Asthma - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Asthma - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (simple.wikipedia.org)
Asthma
Asthma (clevelandclinicmeded.com)
Shikonin | GreenMedInfo | Substance | Natural Medicine | Alternative
Shikonin | GreenMedInfo | Substance | Natural Medicine | Alternative (greenmedinfo.com)
Frontiers | Amifostine Analog, DRDE-30, Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice | Pharmacology
Frontiers | Amifostine Analog, DRDE-30, Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice | Pharmacology (frontiersin.org)
Breathomics and treatable traits for chronic airway diseases.
Breathomics and treatable traits for chronic airway diseases. (bioportfolio.com)
What is the role of radiography in the diagnosis of emphysema?
What is the role of radiography in the diagnosis of emphysema? (medscape.com)