Agrobacterium tumefaciens: A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria isolated from soil and the stems, leafs, and roots of plants. Some biotypes are pathogenic and cause the formation of PLANT TUMORS in a wide variety of higher plants. The species is a major research tool in biotechnology.Rhizobium: A genus of gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that activate PLANT ROOT NODULATION in leguminous plants. Members of this genus are nitrogen-fixing and common soil inhabitants.Plant Tumors: A localized proliferation of plant tissue forming a swelling or outgrowth, commonly with a characteristic shape and unlike any organ of the normal plant. Plant tumors or galls usually form in response to the action of a pathogen or a pest. (Holliday, P., A Dictionary of Plant Pathology, 1989, p330)Agrobacterium: A genus of gram negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in soil, plants, and marine mud.Plant Tumor-Inducing Plasmids: Plasmids coding for proteins which induce PLANT TUMORS. The most notable example of a plant tumor inducing plasmid is the Ti plasmid found associated with AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS.Bacterial Proteins: Proteins found in any species of bacterium.Virulence Factors: Those components of an organism that determine its capacity to cause disease but are not required for its viability per se. Two classes have been characterized: TOXINS, BIOLOGICAL and surface adhesion molecules that effect the ability of the microorganism to invade and colonize a host. (From Davis et al., Microbiology, 4th ed. p486)Plasmids: Extrachromosomal, usually CIRCULAR DNA molecules that are self-replicating and transferable from one organism to another. They are found in a variety of bacterial, archaeal, fungal, algal, and plant species. They are used in GENETIC ENGINEERING as CLONING VECTORS.DNA, Bacterial: Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria.Transformation, Genetic: Change brought about to an organisms genetic composition by unidirectional transfer (TRANSFECTION; TRANSDUCTION, GENETIC; CONJUGATION, GENETIC, etc.) and incorporation of foreign DNA into prokaryotic or eukaryotic cells by recombination of part or all of that DNA into the cell's genome.Plants: Multicellular, eukaryotic life forms of kingdom Plantae (sensu lato), comprising the VIRIDIPLANTAE; RHODOPHYTA; and GLAUCOPHYTA; all of which acquired chloroplasts by direct endosymbiosis of CYANOBACTERIA. They are characterized by a mainly photosynthetic mode of nutrition; essentially unlimited growth at localized regions of cell divisions (MERISTEMS); cellulose within cells providing rigidity; the absence of organs of locomotion; absence of nervous and sensory systems; and an alternation of haploid and diploid generations.Genes, Bacterial: The functional hereditary units of BACTERIA.Kalanchoe: A plant genus of the family CRASSULACEAE. Members contain bryophyllins (also called bryotoxins) which are bufadienolides (BUFANOLIDES) that have insecticidal activity.Zeatin: An aminopurine factor in plant extracts that induces cell division. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dict, 5th ed)Virulence: The degree of pathogenicity within a group or species of microorganisms or viruses as indicated by case fatality rates and/or the ability of the organism to invade the tissues of the host. The pathogenic capacity of an organism is determined by its VIRULENCE FACTORS.Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial: Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic or intercellular factors influence the differential control of gene action in bacteria.Conjugation, Genetic: A parasexual process in BACTERIA; ALGAE; FUNGI; and ciliate EUKARYOTA for achieving exchange of chromosome material during fusion of two cells. In bacteria, this is a uni-directional transfer of genetic material; in protozoa it is a bi-directional exchange. In algae and fungi, it is a form of sexual reproduction, with the union of male and female gametes.Molecular Sequence Data: Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.Tobacco: A plant genus of the family SOLANACEAE. Members contain NICOTINE and other biologically active chemicals; its dried leaves are used for SMOKING.Acetophenones4-Butyrolactone: One of the FURANS with a carbonyl thereby forming a cyclic lactone. It is an endogenous compound made from gamma-aminobutyrate and is the precursor of gamma-hydroxybutyrate. It is also used as a pharmacological agent and solvent.Plants, Toxic: Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.Rhizobiaceae: A family of gram-negative bacteria which are saprophytes, symbionts, or plant pathogens.Base Sequence: The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.Plants, Genetically Modified: PLANTS, or their progeny, whose GENOME has been altered by GENETIC ENGINEERING.Genetic Complementation Test: A test used to determine whether or not complementation (compensation in the form of dominance) will occur in a cell with a given mutant phenotype when another mutant genome, encoding the same mutant phenotype, is introduced into that cell.Plant Diseases: Diseases of plants.Datura stramonium: A plant species of the genus DATURA, family SOLANACEAE, that contains TROPANES and other SOLANACEOUS ALKALOIDS.Sinorhizobium meliloti: A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that causes formation of root nodules on some, but not all, types of sweet clover, MEDICAGO SATIVA, and fenugreek.Amino Acid Sequence: The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.Mutation: Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.Chromosomes, Bacterial: Structures within the nucleus of bacterial cells consisting of or containing DNA, which carry genetic information essential to the cell.Brucella suis: A species of gram-negative bacteria, primarily infecting SWINE, but it can also infect humans, DOGS, and HARES.Operon: In bacteria, a group of metabolically related genes, with a common promoter, whose transcription into a single polycistronic MESSENGER RNA is under the control of an OPERATOR REGION.Cloning, Molecular: The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.DNA Transposable Elements: Discrete segments of DNA which can excise and reintegrate to another site in the genome. Most are inactive, i.e., have not been found to exist outside the integrated state. DNA transposable elements include bacterial IS (insertion sequence) elements, Tn elements, the maize controlling elements Ac and Ds, Drosophila P, gypsy, and pogo elements, the human Tigger elements and the Tc and mariner elements which are found throughout the animal kingdom.Escherichia coli: A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc.Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.Mutagenesis, Insertional: Mutagenesis where the mutation is caused by the introduction of foreign DNA sequences into a gene or extragenic sequence. This may occur spontaneously in vivo or be experimentally induced in vivo or in vitro. Proviral DNA insertions into or adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene can interrupt GENETIC TRANSLATION of the coding sequences or interfere with recognition of regulatory elements and cause unregulated expression of the proto-oncogene resulting in tumor formation.Quorum Sensing: A phenomenon where microorganisms communicate and coordinate their behavior by the accumulation of signaling molecules. A reaction occurs when a substance accumulates to a sufficient concentration. This is most commonly seen in bacteria.Periplasmic Binding Proteins: Periplasmic proteins that scavenge or sense diverse nutrients. In the bacterial environment they usually couple to transporters or chemotaxis receptors on the inner bacterial membrane.Protocatechuate-3,4-Dioxygenase: An enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of protocatechuate to 3-carboxy-cis-cis-muconate in the presence of molecular oxygen. It contains ferric ion. EC 1.13.11.3.Cytokinins: Plant hormones that promote the separation of daughter cells after mitotic division of a parent cell. Frequently they are purine derivatives.Acyl-Butyrolactones: Cyclic esters of acylated BUTYRIC ACID containing four carbons in the ring.Sequence Homology, Amino Acid: The degree of similarity between sequences of amino acids. This information is useful for the analyzing genetic relatedness of proteins and species.Plant Roots: The usually underground portions of a plant that serve as support, store food, and through which water and mineral nutrients enter the plant. (From American Heritage Dictionary, 1982; Concise Dictionary of Biology, 1990)Sequence Analysis, DNA: A multistage process that includes cloning, physical mapping, subcloning, determination of the DNA SEQUENCE, and information analysis.Glucans: Polysaccharides composed of repeating glucose units. They can consist of branched or unbranched chains in any linkages.DNA, Single-Stranded: A single chain of deoxyribonucleotides that occurs in some bacteria and viruses. It usually exists as a covalently closed circle.Mannitol: A diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.beta-Glucosidase: An exocellulase with specificity for a variety of beta-D-glycoside substrates. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal non-reducing residues in beta-D-glucosides with release of GLUCOSE.Replicon: Any DNA sequence capable of independent replication or a molecule that possesses a REPLICATION ORIGIN and which is therefore potentially capable of being replicated in a suitable cell. (Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)Species Specificity: The restriction of a characteristic behavior, anatomical structure or physical system, such as immune response; metabolic response, or gene or gene variant to the members of one species. It refers to that property which differentiates one species from another but it is also used for phylogenetic levels higher or lower than the species.Restriction Mapping: Use of restriction endonucleases to analyze and generate a physical map of genomes, genes, or other segments of DNA.Fabaceae: The large family of plants characterized by pods. Some are edible and some cause LATHYRISM or FAVISM and other forms of poisoning. Other species yield useful materials like gums from ACACIA and various LECTINS like PHYTOHEMAGGLUTININS from PHASEOLUS. Many of them harbor NITROGEN FIXATION bacteria on their roots. Many but not all species of "beans" belong to this family.Medicago sativa: A plant species of the family FABACEAE widely cultivated for ANIMAL FEED.Plant Leaves: Expanded structures, usually green, of vascular plants, characteristically consisting of a bladelike expansion attached to a stem, and functioning as the principal organ of photosynthesis and transpiration. (American Heritage Dictionary, 2d ed)Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid: The sequential correspondence of nucleotides in one nucleic acid molecule with those of another nucleic acid molecule. Sequence homology is an indication of the genetic relatedness of different organisms and gene function.Chromobacterium: A genus of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria occurring in soil and water. Its organisms are generally nonpathogenic, but some species do cause infections of mammals, including humans.DNA Restriction Enzymes: Enzymes that are part of the restriction-modification systems. They catalyze the endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA sequences which lack the species-specific methylation pattern in the host cell's DNA. Cleavage yields random or specific double-stranded fragments with terminal 5'-phosphates. The function of restriction enzymes is to destroy any foreign DNA that invades the host cell. Most have been studied in bacterial systems, but a few have been found in eukaryotic organisms. They are also used as tools for the systematic dissection and mapping of chromosomes, in the determination of base sequences of DNAs, and have made it possible to splice and recombine genes from one organism into the genome of another. EC 3.21.1.DNA-Binding Proteins: Proteins which bind to DNA. The family includes proteins which bind to both double- and single-stranded DNA and also includes specific DNA binding proteins in serum which can be used as markers for malignant diseases.beta-Glucans: Glucose polymers consisting of a backbone of beta(1->3)-linked beta-D-glucopyranosyl units with beta(1->6) linked side chains of various lengths. They are a major component of the CELL WALL of organisms and of soluble DIETARY FIBER.Aminoethylphosphonic Acid: An organophosphorus compound isolated from human and animal tissues.Daucus carota: A plant species of the family APIACEAE that is widely cultivated for the edible yellow-orange root. The plant has finely divided leaves and flat clusters of small white flowers.Adipates: Derivatives of adipic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a 1,6-carboxy terminated aliphatic structure.Transformation, Bacterial: The heritable modification of the properties of a competent bacterium by naked DNA from another source. The uptake of naked DNA is a naturally occuring phenomenon in some bacteria. It is often used as a GENE TRANSFER TECHNIQUE.Rhizobium leguminosarum: A species of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that is found in soil and which causes formation of root nodules on some, but not all, types of field pea, lentil, kidney bean, and clover.Genetic Vectors: DNA molecules capable of autonomous replication within a host cell and into which other DNA sequences can be inserted and thus amplified. Many are derived from PLASMIDS; BACTERIOPHAGES; or VIRUSES. They are used for transporting foreign genes into recipient cells. Genetic vectors possess a functional replicator site and contain GENETIC MARKERS to facilitate their selective recognition.GlucuronidaseGenome, Bacterial: The genetic complement of a BACTERIA as represented in its DNA.beta-Galactosidase: A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.Plants, Medicinal: Plants whose roots, leaves, seeds, bark, or other constituent parts possess therapeutic, tonic, purgative, curative or other pharmacologic attributes, when administered to man or animals.Hygromycin B: Aminoglycoside produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus. It is used as an anthelmintic against swine infections by large roundworms, nodular worms, and whipworms.Nitrogen Fixation: The process in certain BACTERIA; FUNGI; and CYANOBACTERIA converting free atmospheric NITROGEN to biologically usable forms of nitrogen, such as AMMONIA; NITRATES; and amino compounds.Promoter Regions, Genetic: DNA sequences which are recognized (directly or indirectly) and bound by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase during the initiation of transcription. Highly conserved sequences within the promoter include the Pribnow box in bacteria and the TATA BOX in eukaryotes.Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.Hydroxybenzoates: Benzoate derivatives substituted by one or more hydroxy groups in any position on the benzene ring.Nucleic Acid Hybridization: Widely used technique which exploits the ability of complementary sequences in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs to pair with each other to form a double helix. Hybridization can take place between two complimentary DNA sequences, between a single-stranded DNA and a complementary RNA, or between two RNA sequences. The technique is used to detect and isolate specific sequences, measure homology, or define other characteristics of one or both strands. (Kendrew, Encyclopedia of Molecular Biology, 1994, p503)Lycopersicon esculentum: A plant species of the family SOLANACEAE, native of South America, widely cultivated for their edible, fleshy, usually red fruit.Sequence Alignment: The arrangement of two or more amino acid or base sequences from an organism or organisms in such a way as to align areas of the sequences sharing common properties. The degree of relatedness or homology between the sequences is predicted computationally or statistically based on weights assigned to the elements aligned between the sequences. This in turn can serve as a potential indicator of the genetic relatedness between the organisms.Pili, Sex: Filamentous or elongated proteinaceous structures which extend from the cell surface in gram-negative bacteria that contain certain types of conjugative plasmid. These pili are the organs associated with genetic transfer and have essential roles in conjugation. Normally, only one or a few pili occur on a given donor cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed, p675) This preferred use of "pili" refers to the sexual appendage, to be distinguished from bacterial fimbriae (FIMBRIAE, BACTERIAL), also known as common pili, which are usually concerned with adhesion.
Import of DNA into mammalian nuclei by proteins originating from a plant pathogenic bacterium. (1/966)
Import of DNA into mammalian nuclei is generally inefficient. Therefore, one of the current challenges in human gene therapy is the development of efficient DNA delivery systems. Here we tested whether bacterial proteins could be used to target DNA to mammalian cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a plant pathogen, efficiently transfers DNA as a nucleoprotein complex to plant cells. Agrobacterium-mediated T-DNA transfer to plant cells is the only known example for interkingdom DNA transfer and is widely used for plant transformation. Agrobacterium virulence proteins VirD2 and VirE2 perform important functions in this process. We reconstituted complexes consisting of the bacterial virulence proteins VirD2, VirE2, and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) in vitro. These complexes were tested for import into HeLa cell nuclei. Import of ssDNA required both VirD2 and VirE2 proteins. A VirD2 mutant lacking its C-terminal nuclear localization signal was deficient in import of the ssDNA-protein complexes into nuclei. Import of VirD2-ssDNA-VirE2 complexes was fast and efficient, and was shown to depended on importin alpha, Ran, and an energy source. We report here that the bacterium-derived and plant-adapted protein-DNA complex, made in vitro, can be efficiently imported into mammalian nuclei following the classical importin-dependent nuclear import pathway. This demonstrates the potential of our approach to enhance gene transfer to animal cells. (+info)Stable expression of human beta1,4-galactosyltransferase in plant cells modifies N-linked glycosylation patterns. (2/966)
beta1,4-Galactosyltransferase (UDP galactose: beta-N-acetylglucosaminide: beta1,4-galactosyltransferase; EC 2.4.1. 22) catalyzes the transfer of galactose from UDP-Gal to N-acetylglucosamine in the penultimate stages of the terminal glycosylation of N-linked complex oligosaccharides in mammalian cells. Tobacco BY2 cells lack this Golgi enzyme. To determine to what extent the production of a mammalian glycosyltransferase can alter the glycosylation pathway of plant cells, tobacco BY2 suspension-cultured cells were stably transformed with the full-length human galactosyltransferase gene placed under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. The expression was confirmed by assaying enzymatic activity as well as by Southern and Western blotting. The transformant with the highest level of enzymatic activity has glycans with galactose residues at the terminal nonreducing ends, indicating the successful modification of the plant cell N-glycosylation pathway. Analysis of the oligosaccharide structures shows that the galactosylated N-glycans account for 47.3% of the total sugar chains. In addition, the absence of the dominant xylosidated- and fucosylated-type sugar chains confirms that the transformed cells can be used to produce glycoproteins without the highly immunogenic glycans typically found in plants. These results demonstrate the synthesis in plants of N-linked glycans with modified and defined sugar chain structures similar to mammalian glycoproteins. (+info)Complementation of plant mutants with large genomic DNA fragments by a transformation-competent artificial chromosome vector accelerates positional cloning. (3/966)
To accelerate gene isolation from plants by positional cloning, vector systems suitable for both chromosome walking and genetic complementation are highly desirable. Therefore, we developed a transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) vector, pYLTAC7, that can accept and maintain large genomic DNA fragments stably in both Escherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Furthermore, it has the cis sequences required for Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer into plants. We cloned large genomic DNA fragments of Arabidopsis thaliana into the vector and showed that most of the DNA fragments were maintained stably. Several TAC clones carrying 40- to 80-kb genomic DNA fragments were transferred back into Arabidopsis with high efficiency and shown to be inherited faithfully among the progeny. Furthermore, we demonstrated the practical utility of this vector system for positional cloning in Arabidopsis. A TAC contig was constructed in the region of the SGR1 locus, and individual clones with ca. 80-kb inserts were tested for their ability to complement the gravitropic defects of a homozygous mutant line. Successful complementation enabled the physical location of SGR1 to be delimited with high precision and confidence. (+info)Conjugal transfer but not quorum-dependent tra gene induction of pTiC58 requires a solid surface. (4/966)
Donors of Agrobacterium tumefaciens harboring a transfer-constitutive derivative of the nopaline-type Ti plasmid pTiC58 transferred this element at frequencies 3 to 4 orders of magnitude higher in matings conducted on solid surfaces than in those conducted in liquid medium. However, as measured with a lacZ reporter fusion, the tra genes of the wild-type Ti plasmid were inducible by opines to indistinguishable levels on solid and in liquid medium. Donors induced in liquid transferred the Ti plasmid at high frequency when mated with recipients on solid medium. We conclude that while formation of stable mating pairs and subsequent transfer of the Ti plasmid is dependent on a solid stratum, the regulatory system can activate tra gene expression to equivalent levels in liquid and on solid surfaces. (+info)Dimerization of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB4 ATPase and the effect of ATP-binding cassette mutations on the assembly and function of the T-DNA transporter. (5/966)
The Agrobacterium tumefaciens VirB4 ATPase functions with other VirB proteins to export T-DNA to susceptible plant cells and other DNA substrates to a variety of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that VirB4 mutants with defects in the Walker A nucleotide-binding motif are non-functional and exert a dominant negative phenotype when synthesized in wild-type cells. This study characterized the oligomeric structure of VirB4 and examined the effects of Walker A sequence mutations on complex formation and transporter activity. VirB4 directed dimer formation when fused to the amino-terminal portion of cI repressor protein, as shown by immunity of Escherichia coli cells to lambda phage infection. VirB4 also dimerized in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as demonstrated by the recovery of a detergent-resistant complex of native protein and a functional, histidine-tagged derivative by precipitation with anti-His6 antibodies and by Co2+ affinity chromatography. Walker A sequence mutants directed repressor dimerization in E. coli and interacted with His-VirB4 in A. tumefaciens, indicating that ATP binding is not required for self-association. A dimerization domain was localized to a proposed N-terminal membrane-spanning region of VirB4, as shown by the dominance of an allele coding for the N-terminal 312 residues and phage immunity of host cells expressing cI repressor fusions to alleles for the first 237 or 312 residues. A recent study reported that the synthesis of a subset of VirB proteins, including VirB4, in agrobacterial recipients has a pronounced stimulatory effect on the virB-dependent conjugal transfer of plasmid RSF1010 by agrobacterial donors. VirB4'312 suppressed the stimulatory effect of VirB proteins for DNA uptake when synthesized in recipient cells. In striking contrast, Walker A sequence mutants contributed to the stimulatory effect of VirB proteins to the same extent as native VirB4. These findings indicate that the oligomeric structure of VirB4, but not its capacity to bind ATP, is important for the assembly of VirB proteins as a DNA uptake system. The results of these studies support a model in which VirB4 dimers or homomultimers contribute structural information for the assembly of a transenvelope channel competent for bidirectional DNA transfer, whereas an ATP-dependent activity is required for configuring this channel as a dedicated export machine. (+info)Mutagenesis of the Agrobacterium VirE2 single-stranded DNA-binding protein identifies regions required for self-association and interaction with VirE1 and a permissive site for hybrid protein construction. (6/966)
The VirE2 single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is required for delivery of T-DNA to the nuclei of susceptible plant cells. By yeast two-hybrid and immunoprecipitation analyses, VirE2 was shown to self-associate and to interact with VirE1. VirE2 mutants with small deletions or insertions of a 31-residue oligopeptide (i31) at the N or C terminus or with an i31 peptide insertion at Leu236 retained the capacity to form homomultimers. By contrast, VirE2 mutants with modifications outside a central region located between residues 320 and 390 retained the capacity to interact with VirE1. These findings suggest the tertiary structure of VirE2 is important for homomultimer formation whereas a central domain mediates formation of a complex with VirE1. The capacity of VirE2 mutants to interact with full-length VirE2 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae correlated with the abundance of the mutant proteins in A. tumefaciens, suggesting that VirE2 is stabilized by homomultimerization in the bacterium. We further characterized the promoter and N- and C-terminal sequence requirements for synthesis of functional VirE2. A PvirB::virE2 construct yielded functional VirE2 protein as defined by complementation of a virE2 null mutation. By contrast, PvirE or Plac promoter constructs yielded functional VirE2 only if virE1 was coexpressed with virE2. Deletion of 10 or 9 residues from the N or C terminus of VirE2, respectively, or addition of heterologous peptides or proteins to either terminus resulted in a loss of protein function. However, an i31 peptide insertion at Tyr39 had no effect on protein function as defined by the capacity of the mutant protein to (i) interact with native VirE2, (ii) interact with VirE1, (iii) accumulate at abundant levels in A. tumefaciens, and (iv) restore wild-type virulence to a virE2 null mutant. We propose that Tyr39 of VirE2 corresponds to a permissive site for insertion of heterologous peptides or proteins of interest for delivery across kingdom boundaries. (+info)Agrobacterium tumefaciens possesses a fourth flagelin gene located in a large gene cluster concerned with flagellar structure, assembly and motility. (7/966)
The authors have identified a fourth flagellin gene in a 21850 bp region of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58C1 chromosome containing at least 20 genes concerned with flagellar structure, assembly and function. Three flagellin genes, flaA, flaB and flaC, orientated rightward, are positioned in a tandem array at the right end, with the fourth, substantially larger gene, flaD, in the opposite orientation, at the left end. Between these lie four apparent operons, two transcribed in each direction (motA, flhB leftward; flgF, flgB rightward) from a divergent position approx 7.5 kb from the left end. This unifies the previously published motA, flgB and flaABC sequences into a single region, also containing the homologues of flhB, flgF and fliI. Site-specific mutagenesis of fliI results in a non-flagellate phenotype, while a Tn5-induced flhB mutant possesses abnormal flagella. Mutagenesis and protein profiling demonstrate that all four flagellins contribute to flagellar structure: FlaA is the major protein, FlaB and FlaC are present in lesser amounts, and FlaD is a minor component. FlaA has anomolous electrophoretic mobility, possibly due to glycosylation. (+info)Transcriptional activation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence gene promoters in Escherichia coli requires the A. tumefaciens RpoA gene, encoding the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase. (8/966)
The two-component regulatory system, composed of virA and virG, is indispensable for transcription of virulence genes within Agrobacterium tumefaciens. However, virA and virG are insufficient to activate transcription from virulence gene promoters within Escherichia coli cells, indicating a requirement for additional A. tumefaciens genes. In a search for these additional genes, we have identified the rpoA gene, encoding the alpha subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP), which confers significant expression of a virB promoter (virBp)::lacZ fusion in E. coli in the presence of an active transcriptional regulator virG gene. We conducted in vitro transcription assays using either reconstituted E. coli RNAP or hybrid RNAP in which the alpha subunit was derived from A. tumefaciens. The two forms of RNAP were equally efficient in transcription from a sigma(70)-dependent E. coli galP1 promoter; however, only the hybrid RNAP was able to transcribe virBp in a virG-dependent manner. In addition, we provide evidence that the alpha subunit from A. tumefaciens, but not from E. coli, is able to interact with the VirG protein. These data suggest that transcription of virulence genes requires specific interaction between VirG and the alpha subunit of A. tumefaciens and that the alpha subunit from E. coli is unable to effectively interact with the VirG protein. This work provides the basis for future studies designed to examine vir gene expression as well as the T-DNA transfer process in E. coli. (+info)Sukanya NK, Vaidyanathan CS (1964). "Aminotransferases of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Transamination between tryptophan and ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated plant transformation. MON 88017 is an Insect resistant maize expressing the Cry3Bb1 protein ...
Van Keer C, Kersters K, De Ley J (September 1976). "L-Sorbose metabolism in Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek ...
Genetic transformation of A. thaliana is routine, utilizing Agrobacterium tumefaciens to transfer DNA into the plant genome. ... Using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, a technique that takes advantage of the natural process by which Agrobacterium ... "Transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana with Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Science. 234 (4775): 464-466. Bibcode:1986Sci...234.. ... Zhang X, Henriques R, Lin SS, Niu QW, Chua NH (2006). "Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Arabidopsis thaliana using the ...
Her research topics included the Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Hohn is a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (Math and ... particularly known for her research into the Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Hohn was born Barbara Freiinger, in Klagenfurt, Austria ...
From Galacturonic acid by the organism agrobacterium tumefaciens. Alpha-ketoglutarate can be used to produce: Creatine-alpha ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation is another common technique. Agrobacteria are natural plant parasites, and ... for which transformation using Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been less successful. The major disadvantage of this procedure is ... One of these was isolated from an Agrobacterium strain CP4 (CP4 EPSPS) that was resistant to glyphosate. The CP4 EPSPS gene was ... Shrawat, A.; Lörz, H. (2006). "Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cereals: a promising approach crossing barriers". Plant ...
"Agrobacterium tumefaciens deploys a superfamily of type VI secretion DNase effectors as weapons for interbacterial competition ... and plant-associated bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens. These systems exert antibacterial activity via the function of ...
Misono, H.; Nagasaki, S. (1982). "Occurrence of L-lysine ε-dehydrogenase in Agrobacterium tumefaciens". J. Bacteriol. 150 (1): ... "Purification and properties of L-lysine ε-dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Agric. Biol. Chem. 49: 2253-2255. doi: ... "Properties of L-lysine ε-dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens". J. Biochem. 105 (6): 1002-1008. PMID 2768207. Heydari, ...
A. thaliana can be genetically transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens; transgenic seed can be obtained by simply dipping ... Clough, Steven J.; Bent, Andrew F. (1998-12-01). "Floral dip: a simplified method for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of ...
"Cloning and sequencing of the serine dehydrogenase gene from Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 66 (5): ... dependent serine dehydrogenase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 61 (1): 152-7. doi:10.1271/bbb. ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens Pierce's disease Xylella fastidiosa Bacterial inflorescence rot [1] Pseudomonas syringae ...
... formerly Agrobacterium tumefaciens): scientists often use this species to transfer foreign DNA into plant genomes. Aerobic ... "Natural transformation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in soil". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67 (6): ... this process has been described in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Methylobacterium organophilum, and Bradyrhizobium japonicum. ...
Natural genetic transformation has been reported in at least three Rhizobiales species: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, ... "Natural transformation of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in soil". Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67 (6): ... Other important genera are the human pathogens Bartonella and Brucella, as well as Agrobacterium (genetic engineering). The ...
ATCC31749, which produces curdlan in extraordinary amounts, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A putative operon contains crdS, ... It is produced by non-pathogenic bacteria such as Agrobacterium biobar. The production of curdlan by Alcaligenes faecalis is ... Four genes required for curdlan production have been identified in Agrobacterium sp. ... synthase from Agrobacterium sp. strain ATCC31749". Glycobiology. 13 (10): 693-706. doi:10.1093/glycob/cwg093. PMID 12851288. " ...
It was discovered in Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which uses this system to introduce the Ti plasmid and proteins into the host, ... which develops the crown gall (tumor). The VirB complex of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the prototypic system. The nitrogen ... Such elements as the Agrobacterium Ti or Ri plasmids contain elements that can transfer to plant cells. Transferred genes enter ...
This strain was modified using Agrobacterium tumefaciens and plasmid pMHL2113. Agrobacterium transferred the betA gene from ...
This includes Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith and Townsend 1907) Conn 1942. Blastobacter capsulatus is currently classified in ... Other bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A. rhizogenes severely alter the development of plants in their ability to ... Agrobacterium has been recognized as being related to the Rhizobium. Evidence supporting the association was conducted by ... These species were formerly classified in the genus Agrobacterium. This is the type species for the genus. Arthrobacter ...
ROSE1 is found in Bradyrhizobium japonicum whereas ROSEAT2 is a closely related element from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The two ... "Replicon-Specific Regulation of Small Heat Shock Genes in Agrobacterium tumefaciens". J Bacteriol. 186 (20): 6824-6829. doi: ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Pseudomonas savastanoi are examples of gall-causing bacteria. Gall forming virus was found on ...
ROSE1 and ROSEAT2 are found in rhizobiales Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Agrobacterium tumefaciens respectively. They exist in ... "Replicon-specific regulation of small heat shock genes in Agrobacterium tumefaciens". J Bacteriol. 186 (20): 6824-6829. doi: ...
"Biochemical characterization of a novel hydantoin racemase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58". Biochimie. 86: 77-81. doi: ...
viciae 3841 strain Agrobacterium species: A. vitis,A. tumefaciens, A. radiobacter and A. H13 All these sequences showed ... tumefaciens, A. vitis, A. radiobacter, and Agrobacterium H13) as well as in a broad spectrum of Brucella species (B. ovis, B. ... have not been observed in their Agrobacterium tumefaciens counterparts referred to as AbcR1 and AbcR2, respectively, by Wilms ... "Small RNA-mediated control of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens GABA binding protein". Molecular Microbiology. 80: 492-506. doi: ...
"Microprojectile bombardment of plant tissues increases transformation frequency by Agrobacterium tumefaciens". Plant Mol. Biol ... In general, the Agrobacterium method is considered preferable to the gene gun, because of a greater frequency of single-site ... The Agrobacterium present is also killed by the antibiotic. Only tissues expressing the marker will survive and possess the ... Transformation via Agrobacterium has been successfully practiced in dicots, i.e. broadleaf plants, such as soybeans and ...
... is a part of the genetic equipment that Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes use to transduce their genetic ... Mary-Dell Chilton Jeff Schell Marc Van Montagu Schell J, Van Montagu M., The Ti-plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a natural ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmid pTi-SAKURA, complete sequence Ti Plasmid Genetic Map. ... CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link) Reconstitution of Acetosyringone-Mediated Agrobacterium tumefaciens Virulence ...
For example, Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen, Brucella abortus is an animal pathogen, and Sinorhizobium meliloti ...
Several Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains have been isolated for their ability to produce D-amino acids from D, L-substituted ... Regulation of hyu gene expression in Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains RU-AE01 and RU-OR. by Jiwaji, M. ... tumefaciens strains.. The hydantoin-hydrolyzing enzyme activity from the environmental isolate A. tumefaciens RU-AE01 was ... In addition, it indicates that the hyu genes in the two A. tumefaciens strains RU-AE01 and RU-OR are different.. The presence ...
Characterization of Theacc (Agrocinopine Catabolism) Locus on the Nopaline-Type Ti Plasmid From Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ... Characterization of Theacc (Agrocinopine Catabolism) Locus on the Nopaline-Type Ti Plasmid From Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ... Characterization of Theacc (Agrocinopine Catabolism) Locus on the Nopaline-Type Ti Plasmid From Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ... Agrobacterium strains were attracted to several opines tested. The determinants for chemotaxis to these opines were localized ...
Characterization of a putative periplasmic transport system for octopine accumulation encoded by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti ... Neoplastic crown gall tumors incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens release novel amino acid or sugar derivatives known as opines ... Characterization of a putative periplasmic transport system for octopine accumulation encoded by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti ... Agrobacterium cells can transport and catabolize these compounds as sources of carbon and nitrogen. This article describes a ...
The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens produces a unipolar polysaccharide (UPP) adhesin at single cell poles that contact ... Xu, J., Kim, J., Koestler, B. J., Choi, J-H., Waters, C. M., & Fuqua, C. (2013). Genetic analysis of agrobacterium tumefaciens ... Xu J, Kim J, Koestler BJ, Choi J-H, Waters CM, Fuqua C. Genetic analysis of agrobacterium tumefaciens unipolar polysaccharide ... The plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens produces a unipolar polysaccharide (UPP) adhesin at single cell poles that contact ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name Rhizobium radiobacter, synonym Agrobacterium radiobacter) is the causal ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens overwinters in infested soils. Agrobacterium species live predominantly saprophytic lifestyles, so ... "Rhizobium radiobacter (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) (Agrobacterium radiobacter)". UniProt Taxonomy. Archived from the original on ... Breakdown of the soft tissue leads to release of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens into the soil allowing it to restart the disease ...
Brief Description of Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58:. A. tumefaciens C58 is the most heavily studied member of the genus ... Scientists know a lot now about virulent Agrobacterium strains do this and have worked out methods to use this natural DNA ... My lab was involved in the genetic/physically mapping and sequencing of the A. tumefaciens C58 genome (Goodner et al., 1999; ... However, most people know Agrobacterium because some strains can do something that no other cellular pathogen does - inject a ...
The T-pilus of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.. Lai EM1, Kado CI.. Author information. 1. Davis Crown Gall Group, University of ... and protein-transport apparatus for the transport of cyclic T-pilin subunits to the Agrobacterium cell surface. T-pilin ... subunits are processed from full-length VirB2 pro-pilin into a cyclized peptide, a rapid reaction that is Agrobacterium ...
Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens requires phosphatidylcholine in the bacterial membrane.. Wessel M1, Klüsener S, Gödeke J ... The plant-transforming bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens encodes two potential PC forming enzymes, a phospholipid N- ... The virulence defect was due to a complete lack of the type IV secretion machinery in the Agrobacterium PC mutant. Our results ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that causes plant tumours by transferring a portion of DNA from a ...
Association of single-stranded transferred DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cells.. V M Yusibov, T R Steck, V ... Association of single-stranded transferred DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cells. ... Association of single-stranded transferred DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cells. ... Association of single-stranded transferred DNA from Agrobacterium tumefaciens with tobacco cells. ...
A. tumefaciens tRNA was found to contain . ⁶Ado, ms².⁶Ado, ms²io⁶Ado and trans-io⁶Ado. A. tumefaciens culture filtrates were ... Certain plant-associated prokaryotes such as Corynebacteriurn fascians and Agrobacterium tumefaciens are known to produce ... tumefaciens, it was decided to conduct a study of the cytokinins produced by A. tumefaciens. In order to accomplish this ... Cytokinin production by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Public Deposited Citeable URL:. http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/ ...
The complexity of Agrobacterium-plant interaction has been studied for several decades. Agrobacterium pathogenicity is largely ... The complexity of Agrobacterium-plant interaction has been studied for several decades. Agrobacterium pathogenicity is largely ... Here we outline the responses of Agrobacterium to major plant-derived signals that impact Agrobacterium-plant interactions. ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a wide range of plant hosts and causes plant tumors also known as crown galls. ...
Constitutive mutations of Agrobacterium tumefaciens transcriptional activator virG.. G J Pazour, C N Ta, A Das ... Constitutive mutations of Agrobacterium tumefaciens transcriptional activator virG. Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a ... The virulence (vir) genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmids are positively regulated by virG in conjunction with virA ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens;. CFU,. colony-forming unit;. P.a.,. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. *© 2006 by The National Academy of ... Quorum sensing and motility mediate interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in biofilm ... Quorum sensing and motility mediate interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in biofilm ... Quorum sensing and motility mediate interactions between Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in biofilm ...
The crystal structure of 2-deoxycytidine 5-triphosphate deaminase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens.. Zhang, R., Dong, A., Xu, X ... Crystal structure of 2-deoxycytidine 5-triphosphate deaminase from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. *DOI: 10.2210/pdb2R9Q/pdb ... Agrobacterium fabrum str. C58. Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: dcd, AGR_C_764, Atu0434. ...
In 1994, rice was the first cereal species to be transformed efficiently by A. tumefaciens, and maize, wheat and barley soon ... Finally, it has now been clearly demonstrated that A. tumefaciens can transfer genes to both dicotyledons and monocotyledons by ... However, until about 20 years ago, it was generally believed that monocotyledons could not be transformed by Agrobacterium, ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer is a method employed widely in many plant species. This bacterium can ...
Rhizobium radiobacter (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) (Agrobacterium radiobacter)Imported. Automatic assertion inferred from ... cellular organisms › Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Alphaproteobacteria › Rhizobiales › Rhizobiaceae › Rhizobium/Agrobacterium ...
... May 2013 , Volume 26 , ... We assessed the impact of seed inoculation with the emblematic bacterial models Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 (plasmid-cured) ... Compared with the noninoculated control, root biomass (with A. tumefaciens or E. coli) and shoot biomass (with A. tumefaciens) ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens and E. coli triggered similar (in PR37Y15) or different (in DK315) changes in the high-performance ...
Inhibition of Agrobacterium tumefaciens oncogenicity by the osa gene of pSa.. C Y Chen, C I Kado ... Inhibition of Agrobacterium tumefaciens oncogenicity by the osa gene of pSa. Message Subject (Your Name) has forwarded a page ... pSa originally derived from Shigella flexneri completely inhibits the tumor-inducing ability of Agrobacterium tumefaciens when ... tumefaciens oncogenicity. This inhibition of oncogenicity by osa is not limited to a specific host plant but appears to show ...
... for T-DNA transfer to plant cells and preparation of transgenic recombinant ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 Electro-Cells. 5 x 40 uL. $259.00 Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobactor) can ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens electrocompetent cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobactor) is capable of T-DNA ... Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobactor) is capable of T-DNA transfer to plant cells. The T-DNA (transfer DNA) is ...
AGL1 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 Solanaceae Solanum lycopersicum Solanum pimpinellifolium This is a preview of ... esculentum) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Plant Cell Rep 5:81-84CrossRefGoogle Scholar ... Van Eck J., Keen P., Tjahjadi M. (2019) Agrobacterium tumefaciens-Mediated Transformation of Tomato. In: Kumar S., Barone P., ... Efficient transfer of a glyphosate tolerance gene into tomato using a binary Agrobacterium tumefaciens vector. Bio/Technology 5 ...
... for rejection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and revised description for the genus Agrobacterium radiobacter and Agrobacterium ... Bishop, A.L., Burr, T.J., Mittak, V.L. & Katz, B.H. 1989 A monoclonal antibody specific to Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 3 ... Van der Wolf, J.M., Van Beckhoven, M. & Van Den Brink and de Vries, P.M. 1995 Detection of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in ... Gorris, M.T., López, M.M., Ballester, J.F. & Salcedo, C. 1985 Comparación de métodos de detección de Agrobacterium tumefaciens ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens responses to plant-derived signaling molecules.. Subramoni, S., Nathoo, N., Klimov, E., and Yuan, Z.- ... As a special phytopathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a wide range of plant hosts and causes plant tumors also known as ... Here we outline the responses of Agrobacterium to major plant-derived signals that impact Agrobacterium-plant interactions. ... The complexity of Agrobacterium-plant interaction has been studied for several decades. Agrobacterium pathogenicity is largely ...
Rhizobium radiobacter (Agrobacterium tumefaciens) (Agrobacterium radiobacter)Imported. Automatic assertion inferred from ... cellular organisms › Bacteria › Proteobacteria › Alphaproteobacteria › Rhizobiales › Rhizobiaceae › Rhizobium/Agrobacterium ...
... from AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS str. C58 (Dupont) at 2.30 A resolution ... Crystal structure of Putative exopolyphosphatase (17739545) from AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS str. C58 (Dupont) at 2.30 A ... Crystal structure of Putative exopolyphosphatase (17739545) from AGROBACTERIUM TUMEFACIENS str. C58 (Dupont) at 2.30 A ... Agrobacterium fabrum (strain C58 / ATCC 33970). Mutation(s): 0 Gene Names: ppx. ...
TransformationGenesStrainRhizobiumVirulenceSpeciesRadiobacterBacterialBacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciensLBA4404RhizogenesBacteriaTumorsPlasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciensArabidopsisProteinStrains have been isolatedProteinsType IV secretionGenusSmith and TownsendCausal agent of crownGenomeMutantsBinary vectorTransgenicOctopinePseudomonas2018FabrumEfficiencyEscherichiaInfectionPutativeCauses crown gallSoil bacterium that causesPathogenicCrownGallsOrganismVirB operonRhizobiaceaeBiovarPhytopathogenInfects the plantPlantsEmbryosBiologyTumorAccumulationOpinesFingerprintRootsColiHooykaas
- Scientists know a lot now about virulent Agrobacterium strains do this and have worked out methods to use this n atural DNA transformation process to in troduce no vel genes into plants and even fungi for agricu l tural, medical , and bio technolog ical purposes. (google.com)
- This results in stable integration of the exogenous target gene into plant chromosomal DNA by means of Agrobacterium -mediated transformation. (cellartis.com)
- Wen-Jun, S. & Forde, B.G. Efficient transformation of Agrobacterium spp. (cellartis.com)
- The transformation protocol routinely used in our laboratory has been applied to many different tomato genotypes and relies on Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of young cotyledon sections. (springer.com)
- The protocol we follow for Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of both cultivated and wild species of tomato is detailed in this chapter. (springer.com)
- McCormick S, Niedermeyer J, Fry J, Barnason A, Horsch R, Fraley R (1986) Leaf disc transformation of cultivated tomato ( L . esculentum ) using Agrobacterium tumefaciens . (springer.com)
- Chyi YS, Phillips GC (1987) High efficiency Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of Lycopersicon based on conditions favorable for regeneration. (springer.com)
- Frary A, Earle ED (1996) An examination of factors affecting the efficiency of Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of tomato. (springer.com)
- Park SH, Morris JL, Park JE, Hirschi KD, Smith RH (2003) Efficient and genotype-independent Agrobacterium -mediated tomato transformation. (springer.com)
- Lazo GR, Stein PA, Ludwig RA (1991) A DNA transformation-competent Arabidopsis genomic library in Agrobacterium . (springer.com)
- Attachment of virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells is required for transformation. (plantphysiol.org)
- In addition, it also enabled us to introduce ligated plasmids directly into Agrobacterium omitting the E. coli transformation step and accelerating the cloning procedure further. (deepdyve.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation was successfully applied to P. fumosoroseus. (aspergillus.org.uk)
- A.tumefaciens-mediated transformation yielded stable transformants capable of growing on increased concentrations of hygromycin B (up to 900 ug/ml).The presence of hph gene was confirmed by PCR. (aspergillus.org.uk)
- Considering the efficiency and flexibility of A. tumefaciens-mediated transformation, this method appears to be an efficient alternative to other insertional mutagenesis techniques in characterizing genes that are important for the pathogenicity of P. fumosoroseus. (aspergillus.org.uk)
- Transient transformation indicated that STS improved the transformation potential of embryos by enhancing Agrobacterium tumefaciens adherence to surfaces. (springer.com)
- AK contributed to Agrobacterium -mediated transformation, CWM analysis, SEM studies and Quantitative RT-PCR for mannan metabolic genes. (springer.com)
- Central to the study and engineering of plants is their transformation, which is achieved most commonly using Agrobacterium tumefaciens , the causal agent of crown galls (or tumors) in dicotyledonous plants ( Smith and Townsend 1907 ). (g3journal.org)
- Transformation of four soybean cultivars (Nannong88-1, Nannong18-6, Yu23 and Nannong 87C-38) by infecting cotyledonary-node with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring pBI121 containing GFP reporter gene was conducted. (ajol.info)
- And most GFP-positive plants were confirmed to be positive by Southern blot analysis, which showed that transformation of cotyledonary-node explants mediated by Agrobacterium delivered T-DNA with one or two copies into soybean genome. (ajol.info)
- The frequency of transformation varied among families infected with A. tumefaciens. (semanticscholar.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of eggplant ( Solanum melongenaL. (iisc.ernet.in)
- An efficient variety-independent method for producing transgenic eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) via Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation was developed. (iisc.ernet.in)
- This natural ability to alter the plant's genetic makeup was the foundation of plant transformation using Agrobacterium . (nepad-abne.net)
- Currently, Agrobacterium -mediated transformation is the most commonly used method for plant genetic engineering because of relatively high efficiency. (nepad-abne.net)
- Initially it was believed that this Agrobacterium only infects dicotyledonous plants, but it was later established that it can also be used for transformation of monocotyledonous plants such as rice. (nepad-abne.net)
- Figure 1 illustrates Agrobacterium -mediated plant transformation. (nepad-abne.net)
- Gelvin B. S. (2003) Agrobacterium -Mediated Plant Transformation: the Biology behind the "Gene-Jockeying" Tool. (nepad-abne.net)
- Jones D.H., Doherty A, and Wu H. (2005) Review of methodologies and a protocol for the Agrobacterium -mediated transformation of wheat. (nepad-abne.net)
- Kumar K.K. , Maruthasalam S., Loganathan M., Sudhakar D. and Balasubramanian P. (2005) An Improved Agrobacterium -Mediated Transformation Protocol for Recalcitrant Elite Indica Rice Cultivars. (nepad-abne.net)
- Glucocerebrosidase, Agrobacterium transformation, pcambia1304. (innspub.net)
- The recombinant isolation plasmid was transferred to Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 using modified freezing-thaw method, transformation Agrobacterium colonies were enhanced by colony PCR. (innspub.net)
- However, a routine and efficient transformation protocol of Syrian maize (Zea mays) using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens standard binary vector system for year round production of fertile transgenic maize plants was achieved. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- It is anticipated that this study will assist further enhancement of maize transformation technology leading to develop an updated protocol for the Agrobacterium-mediated generation of maize. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- To our knowledge, this is the first report providing evidence of the transformation ability of Syrian genotypes via A. tumefaciens. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- To test the efficacy of CRISPR /Cas9 in tomato, we chose to target a gene that, when function was disrupted, would result in a distinctive, immediately recognizable phenotype early in the plant tissue culture phase of Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation. (plantphysiol.org)
- In this context, the objective of the present work was to develop a system of genetic transformation of E. camaldulensis through Agrobacterium tumefaciens, to introduce the gus gene under control of the cgMT1 promoter in cotyledonary and leaf explants cells. (ufv.br)
- and the last stage evaluates the factors that influence the efficiency of the process of transformation of E. camaldulensis mediated by A. tumefaciens. (ufv.br)
- 1397). 'A Preliminary Experiment on Agrobacterium tumefaciens -Mediated Transformation of the P5CS1 GENE in Tall Fescue', نشریه علمی پژوهشی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی , 8(2), pp. 79-86. (iaujournals.ir)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated transformation of Festuca arundinacea (Schreb. (iaujournals.ir)
- High efficiency transformation of tall fescue with Agrobacterium tumefaciens . (iaujournals.ir)
- This research describes the optimization of parameters (including pH, temperature, period of co-cultivation and age of callus) for Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation of Theobroma cacao L. using staminodes from cocoa buds as explants. (ums.edu.my)
- We used DhPKS1 as a case study and carried out its disruption through Agrobacterium -mediated transformation in the isolate 7/96. (biomedcentral.com)
- The aim of this study was to develop a protocol for indirect organogenesis in leaf explants and improve aspects of genetic transformation by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. (ufv.br)
- This volume reviews various facets of Agrobacterium biology, from modern aspects of taxonomy and bacterial ecology to pathogenesis, bacterial cell biology, plant and fungal transformation, natural transgenics, and biotechnology. (springer.com)
- Agrobacterium -mediated transformation is the most extensively utilized platform for generating transgenic plants, but modern biotechnology applications derive from more than 40 years of intensive basic scientific research. (springer.com)
- Arabidopsis efr mutants show enhanced susceptibility to the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens, as revealed by a higher efficiency of T-DNA transformation. (nih.gov)
- These results demonstrate that EFR is the EF-Tu receptor and that plant defense responses induced by PAMPs such as EF-Tu reduce transformation by Agrobacterium. (nih.gov)
- In order to the production of transgenic plants, the lateral buds and Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404 were used for transformation. (ac.ir)
- Cysteine and acetosyringone are the two most important parameters in agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Rose hybrid ( Rosa hybrida L.) cv. (ac.ir)
- Tissue culture-based Agrobacterium-mediated and in planta transformation methods. (ac.ir)
- Agrobacterium-mediated transformation is the easiest and most simple plant transformation technique widely used in plant biotechnology applications, and Thermo Fisher Scientific offers A. tumefaciens LBA4404 cells to enable your research in this field. (thermofisher.com)
- Since the last decade, much interest has been showed to turn Agrobacterium Tumefaciens into a vector for transformation of plants. (ukessays.com)
- This experiment is done to investigate whether a yeast gene, cen4 can be incorporated into plant genome through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, hence converted it into a chromosome capable of replicating in yeast. (ukessays.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens-transient genetic transformation of Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq. (bvsalud.org)
- Most of the pepper species of the genus Capsicum have been recalcitrant to efficient Agrobacterium tumefaciens -mediated stable or transient , genetic transformation . (bvsalud.org)
- T-pilin subunits are processed from full-length VirB2 pro-pilin into a cyclized peptide, a rapid reaction that is Agrobacterium specific and can occur in the absence of Ti-plasmid genes. (nih.gov)
- Agrobacterium perceives plant-derived signals to activate its virulence genes, which are responsible for transferring and integrating its Transferred DNA (T-DNA) from its Tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid into the plant nucleus. (frontiersin.org)
- In addition, Agrobacterium hijacks plant-derived signals including SA, IAA, and ethylene to down-regulate its virulence genes located on the Ti plasmid. (frontiersin.org)
- Moreover, certain metabolites from corn ( Zea mays ) also inhibit the expression of Agrobacterium virulence genes. (frontiersin.org)
- Upon detection of plant-derived signals in the rhizosphere, Agrobacterium activates its chromosomal virulence genes ( chv genes) and Ti plasmid encoded virulence genes ( vir genes). (frontiersin.org)
- The virulence (vir) genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmids are positively regulated by virG in conjunction with virA and plant-derived inducing molecules. (asm.org)
- Finally, it has now been clearly demonstrated that A. tumefaciens can transfer genes to both dicotyledons and monocotyledons by the same mechanism. (frontiersin.org)
- Genome sequence analysis revealed homologs of nitrite reductase genes nirK and nirBD and siderophore synthesis genes for Agrobacterium tumefaciens , as well as homologs of nitrite reductase genes nirBD and phosphatase genes phoA and appA in E. coli , whose contribution to phytostimulation will require experimental assessment. (apsnet.org)
- Using this method, the pathogenic genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens T-DNA in the Ti plasmid are replaced with selective marker genes as well as the exogenous target gene. (cellartis.com)
- In this system, the pathogenic genes of T-DNA in Ti plasmid are replaced with selective marker genes and the exogenous target gene, to transfer the target gene into plant chromosomal DNA by means of Agrobacterium -mediated gene transfer. (cellartis.com)
- I think that genes of A.tumefaciens hit the other strand of the plant, not the same where they are. (biology-online.org)
- When Agrobacterium tumefaciens is used to introduce new genes to plants, scientists remove the plasmid genes that induce tumors but retain those that are needed for the transfer. (northernwoodlands.org)
- Expression of Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence (vir) genes is dependent on the presence of a conserved 'vir box' sequence in their 5' nontranscribed regions. (nih.gov)
- The research reported in this work elucidates some of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of the hyu genes in A. tumefaciens strains. (openthesis.org)
- In addition, it indicates that the hyu genes in the two A. tumefaciens strains RU-AE01 and RU-OR are different. (openthesis.org)
- A. tumefaciens can be used in plant breeding as a method of getting other genes inserted into the plant via engineering of the bacteria. (gettyimages.com.au)
- Additional genes and regulatory interactions that influence coordination of polar morphogenesis, motility, and biofilm formation in A. tumefaciens will be identified using a combination of transposon mutagenesis and a novel high-throughput microscopy screen. (grantome.com)
- It also carries genes for the biosynthesis of the plant hormones , auxin and cytokinins , and for the biosynthesis of opines , providing a carbon and nitrogen source for the bacteria that most other micro-organisms can't use, giving Agrobacterium a selective advantage . (wikipedia.org)
- The ability of Agrobacterium to transfer genes to plants and fungi is used in biotechnology , in particular, genetic engineering for plant improvement . (wikipedia.org)
- VL - 18 IS - 23 N2 - Expression of Agrobacterium tumefaciens virulence (vir) genes is dependent on the presence of a conserved 'vir box' sequence in their 5' nontranscribed regions. (unboundmedicine.com)
- Cambial-region-specific expression of the Agrobacterium iaa genes in transgenic aspen visualized by a linked uidA reporter gene. (wikigenes.org)
- In this study, GUS and hpt genes were used to identify the species of Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing pCAMBIA1305.2 plasmid and to design primers and probes. (ac.ir)
- Neoplastic crown gall tumors incited by Agrobacterium tumefaciens release novel amino acid or sugar derivatives known as opines, whose synthesis is directed by genes transferred to plant cells. (duke.edu)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 and the binary vector method were invented by Dr. P.J. Hooykaas at Leiden University in the Netherlands. (cellartis.com)
- The LBA4044 strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains the pAL4404 plasmid, which includes only the T-DNA vir region and enables only vir gene induction and T-DNA transfer. (cellartis.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4044 electrocompetent cells are a widely used bacterial strain for T-DNA transfer to plant cells. (cellartis.com)
- Here we describe the genome of A. tumefaciens strain C58, which has an unusual structure consisting of one circular and one linear chromosome. (sciencemag.org)
- A particular strain of a close relative of crown gall, called Agrobacterium radiobacter , protects plants from its gall-forming cousin. (northernwoodlands.org)
- Here we performed immunofluorescence deconvolution microscopy to localize the assembled T4SS by detection of its native components VirB1, VirB2, VirB4, VirB5, VirB7, VirB8, VirB9, VirB10, and VirB11 in the C58 nopaline strain of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , following induction of virulence ( vir ) gene expression. (asm.org)
- Native VirB2, VirB5, VirB7, and VirB8 were also localized in the A. tumefaciens octopine strain A348. (asm.org)
- Strains of A. tumefaciens can be differentiated on the basis of the unique opine produced by the tumor, and each type of opine is specifically catabolized by the infecting strain ( 14 ). (asm.org)
- Then, Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 harboring the plasmid pPCV6NFHygGUSINT was used to transform mature zygotic embryos of seven families of loblolly pine. (semanticscholar.org)
- Leaf pieces from sterilely grown plants were precultured for 2 days and inoculated with an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain containing an avirulent Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid with a chimeric gene encoding hygromycin resistance. (harvard.edu)
- Root explants were transformed by co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring a binary vector pBAL2 carrying the reporter gene \beta-glucuronidase intron (GUS-INT) and the marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (NPTII). (iisc.ernet.in)
- This study was carried out to produced Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 strain contains binary vector has human GBA gene to became ready for transforming any desired plant to expression glucocerebrosidase. (innspub.net)
- Immature zygotic embryos of Syrian genotypes and the control hybrid line Hi II were infected with A. tumefaciens strain EHA101 harboring a standard binary vector pTF102. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- Our data indicate that host responses were much stronger toward the oncogenic strain C58 than to the disarmed strain GV3101 and that auxin acts as a key modulator of the Arabidopsis-Agrobacterium interaction. (usda.gov)
- The A. tumefaciens strain used was the super avirulent AGLl with the binary vector pGPTV-Kan/Gus. (ums.edu.my)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens (updated scientific name Rhizobium radiobacter, synonym Agrobacterium radiobacter) is the causal agent of crown gall disease (the formation of tumours) in over 140 species of eudicots. (wikipedia.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens ( Rhizobium radiobactor ) is capable of T-DNA transfer to plant cells. (cellartis.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobactor) can transfer T-DNA (transfer DNA), which is part of its own Ti plasmid, into host plant cells and insert this DNA into the plant chromosomal DNA. (cellartis.com)
- Recent taxonomic studies have reclassified all of the Agrobacterium species into new genera, such as Ahrensia , Pseudorhodobacter , Ruegeria , and Stappia , but most species have been controversially reclassified as Rhizobium species. (wikipedia.org)
- Virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens requires phosphatidylcholine in the bacterial membrane. (nih.gov)
- The virulence defect was due to a complete lack of the type IV secretion machinery in the Agrobacterium PC mutant. (nih.gov)
- Agrobacterium utilizes opines as nutrient sources as well as signals in order to activate its quorum sensing (QS) to further promote virulence and opine metabolism. (frontiersin.org)
- The virulence proficiency of A. tumefaciens is dependent on the presence of the Tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid, which harbors a Transferred DNA (T-DNA) defined by two direct repeat sequences of approximately 25 base pairs, termed the left and right borders. (frontiersin.org)
- When living independently, Agrobacterium virulence is essentially silent. (frontiersin.org)
- Hooykaas, P.J.J. & Beijersbergen, G.M. 1994 The virulence system of Agrobacterium tumefaciens . (wiley.com)
- The transfer of the T-DNA between the A. tumefaciens cell and the plant cell is mediated in trans by virulence gene products encoded on both the bacterium's chromosome and the Ti plasmid. (biology-online.org)
- Besides its function in virulence, A. tumefaciens has also evolved a robust capacity to take up and catabolize a considerable array of nutrients available to support growth in the soil. (asm.org)
- The VirB10 protein is required for virulence and is a component of an aggregate associated with the membrane fraction of A. tumefaciens. (duke.edu)
- Unlike the nitrogen-fixing symbionts, tumor-producing Agrobacterium species are pathogenic and do not benefit the plant. (wikipedia.org)
- Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that uses horizontal gene transfer to cause tumors in many plant species with agricultural and economic importance including woody ornamental shrubs (rose), vines (grape), shade trees, fruit trees (cherry, berry, walnut), and herbaceous perennials. (frontiersin.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is the most commonly studied species in this genus. (frontiersin.org)
- Infection by the species Agrobacterium vitis results in cane gall on grapevines while A. rhizogenes causes excessive formation of hairy roots or root tumors. (frontiersin.org)
- A dual-species cocultivation model has been developed by using two ubiquitous and well studied microbes Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P.a. ) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens ( A.t. ) as a tractable system to identify molecular mechanisms that underlie multispecies microbial associations. (pnas.org)
- To examine this hypothesis, we have developed a dual-species model system, composed of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( P.a. ) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens ( A.t. ). (pnas.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer is a method employed widely in many plant species. (frontiersin.org)
- In 1994, rice was the first cereal species to be transformed efficiently by A. tumefaciens, and maize, wheat and barley soon followed in the 1990s. (frontiersin.org)
- Biologists frequently tweak the age-old procedures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to create remodeled crop species. (northernwoodlands.org)
- The T4SS of A. tumefaciens is among the best-studied T4SS, and the majority of its components are highly conserved in different pathogenic bacterial species. (asm.org)
- Indeed, A. tumefaciens is used routinely to transform many plant species of academic, agronomical, and horticultural importance ( Hooykaas and Schilperoort 1992 ). (g3journal.org)
- Many cereals crops are recalcitrant species to genetically modification through their resistance to Agrobacterium infection and recalcitrance to in vitro regeneration. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- The closely related species, Agrobacterium rhizogenes , induces root tumors, and carries the distinct Ri (root-inducing) plasmid. (wikipedia.org)
- I. Isolation of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and related species. (ucanr.edu)
- One of the earliest associations of human disease caused by Agrobacterium radiobacter was reported by Dr. J. R. Cain in Scotland (1988). (wikipedia.org)
- A. tumefaciens and A. radiobacter were studied for serological and physiological differences. (ucanr.edu)
- Although no physiological differences were detected, most A. tumefaciens strains differed serologically from A. radiobacter in possessing an antigen which formed a precipitin line near the antigen well in gel-diffusion tests. (ucanr.edu)
- In this paper, we show that T-strands disappear from acetosyringone-induced A. tumefaciens within 30 min of bacterial cocultivation with tobacco protoplasts. (pnas.org)
- Agrobacterium -plant interaction is an excellent paradigm for studying both plant and bacterial responses, as well as the role of chemical signaling in these processes. (frontiersin.org)
- We assessed the impact of seed inoculation with the emblematic bacterial models Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 (plasmid-cured) or Escherichia coli K-12 on maize seedlings in nonsterile soil. (apsnet.org)
- I am using the bacterial pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a model organism for studying how bacteria regulate their multiplication and shape, and how this impacts their interactions with host organisms. (grantome.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes crown gall disease by transferring and integrating bacterial DNA (T-DNA) into the plant genome. (usda.gov)
- The plant-transforming bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens encodes two potential PC forming enzymes, a phospholipid N-methyltransferase (PmtA) and a PC synthase (Pcs). (nih.gov)
- The plant-growth-promoting bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens CCNWGS0286, isolated from the nodules of Robinia pseudoacacia growing in zinc-lead mine tailings, both displayed high metal resistance and enhanced the growth of Robinia plants in a metal-contaminated environment. (rti.org)
- Monosaccharides capable of serving as nutrients for the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens are also inducers of the vir regulon present in the tumor-inducing (Ti) plasmid of this plant pathogen. (asm.org)
- Virulent strains of the soil bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens exhibit two distinctly different phases in their life history. (asm.org)
- In this graduation thesis we wanted to test intramolecular recombination efficiency of bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens and compare it to that in Escherichia coli. (unizg.hr)
- Results demonstrated that The1561bp- GBA gene was amplified from human total blood RNA which was confirmed by sequencing the PCR product which gives 100% identified withHomo sapiens glucosylceramidase beta (GBA), transcript variant 1, mRNA NM_000157.3 Gene Bank and colony PCR assured that Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA4404 carried Hu-GBA gene . (innspub.net)
- Alpizar E, Dechamp E, Espeout S, Royer M, Lecouls AC, Nicole M, Bertrand B, Lashermes P, Etienne H (2006) Efficient production of Agrobacterium rhizogenes -transformed roots and composite plants for studying gene expression in coffee roots. (springer.com)
- Although the taxonomy of Agrobacterium is currently under revision it can be generalised that 3 biovars exist within the genus, Agrobacterium tumefaciens , Agrobacterium rhizogenes , and Agrobacterium vitis . (wikipedia.org)
- Strains within Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Agrobacterium rhizogenes are known to be able to harbour either a Ti or Ri- plasmid , whilst strains of Agrobacterium vitis , generally restricted to grapevines, can harbour a Ti-plasmid. (wikipedia.org)
- The T-DNA oncogene A4-orf8 from Agrobacterium rhizogenes A4 induces abnormal growth in tobacco. (wikigenes.org)
- Gel electrophoresis allowed the detection of plasmids in bacteria at this time, and scientists attempted to isolate them from Agrobacterium. (splasho.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens Bacteria. (gettyimages.com.au)
- Many bacteria, including Agrobacterium tumefaciens, rely on an asymmetric localization, distribution, and orientation of specific appendages when interacting with potential hosts and with their environment. (grantome.com)
- Agrobacterium is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria established by H. J. Conn that uses horizontal gene transfer to cause tumors in plants . (wikipedia.org)
- The specificity of the primers designed in Agrobacterium tumefaciens bacteria containing pCAMBIA1305.2 plasmid and negative control samples was evaluated. (ac.ir)
- During 1990's, Bacterium tumefaciens has been determined as the earliest bacteria known to cause crown gall diseases in plant by (Smith and Townsend, 1907). (ukessays.com)
- As a special phytopathogen, Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a wide range of plant hosts and causes plant tumors also known as crown galls. (frontiersin.org)
- The two A. tumefaciens strains most extensively studied induce tumors that produce nopaline or octopine opines. (asm.org)
- During the inception of crown gall tumorigenesis, the transferred DNA (T-DNA) is processed from the Ti (tumor inducing) plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and is transferred to plant cells. (pnas.org)
- To examine the physiological changes and adaptations during Agrobacterium-induced tumor development, we compared the profiles of salicylic acid (SA), ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), and auxin (indole-3-acetic acid [IAA]) with changes in the Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome. (usda.gov)
- T-pilus biogenesis uses a conserved transmembrane nucleoprotein- and protein-transport apparatus for the transport of cyclic T-pilin subunits to the Agrobacterium cell surface. (nih.gov)
- In this communication, we have modeled the crystal structure of the AHL receptor protein TraR and its AHL signal N-(3- oxooctanoyl)-homoserine lactone from Agrobacterium tumefaciens and compared it to the previously reported antagonist behaviour of a number of AHL analogues, in an attempt to determine structural constraints for ligand binding. (mdpi.com)
- Now, higher-resolution deconvolution fluorescence microscopy reveals that all structural components of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens vir -T4SS, as well as its transported protein substrates, localize to multiple foci around the cell perimeter. (asm.org)
- In this study, we demonstrate with novel cytological screens - a two‐hybrid (C2H) assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) - and by immunoprecipitation of chemically cross‐linked protein complexes that the VirE2 effector protein interacts directly with the VirD4 coupling protein at cell poles of A. tumefaciens. (deepdyve.com)
- The ccdB protein, however, is not toxic to Agrobacterium tumefaciens, an important player often used for studying gene function in planta. (vt.edu)
- Several Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains have been isolated for their ability to produce D-amino acids from D, L-substituted hydantoins. (openthesis.org)
- Non- Agrobacterium strains have been isolated from environmental samples which harbour a Ri-plasmid whilst laboratory studies have shown that non- Agrobacterium strains can also harbour a Ti-plasmid. (wikipedia.org)
- These results lead to a new model of A. tumefaciens attachment to a plant cell, where A. tumefaciens takes advantage of the multiple vir- T4SS along its length to make intimate lateral contact with plant cells and thereby effectively transfer DNA and/or proteins through the vir- T4SS. (asm.org)
- The production of the hydantoin-hydrolyzing enzymes in both A. tumefaciens strains RU-AE01 and RU-OR were regulated by proteins involved in the global ntr pathway. (openthesis.org)
- Christie, Peter J. 2003-09-01 00:00:00 Summary Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfers oncogenic DNA and effector proteins to plant cells during the course of infection. (deepdyve.com)
- Despite a high degree of conservation among the a-Proteobacteria, including A. tumefaciens little is known about the precise role of these regulatory proteins in these other organisms. (grantome.com)
- This study examines the role of these regulatory proteins in A. tumefaciens. (grantome.com)
- In particular, I am studying two key regulatory proteins that allow A. tumefaciens to integrate environmental signals and transition from the free-living to the host-associated state. (grantome.com)
- To further investigate the functional role of A. thaliana SSIII-SD, three chimeric proteins were constructed combining the SBDs from A. thaliana with the GS from A. tumefaciens. (conicet.gov.ar)
- The observed tight association of VirB9, VirB10, and VirB11 with the membrane fraction support the notion that these proteins may exist as components of multiprotein pore complexes, perhaps spanning both the inner and outer membranes of Agrobacterium cells. (duke.edu)
- Possible plant compounds that initiate Agrobacterium to infect plant cells: Acetosyringone and other phenolic compounds alpha-Hydroxyacetosyringone Catechol Ferulic acid Gallic acid p-Hydroxybenzoic acid Protocatechuic acid Pyrogallic acid Resorcylic acid Sinapinic acid Syringic acid Vanillin To transfer the T-DNA into the plant cell, A. tumefaciens uses a type IV secretion mechanism, involving the production of a T-pilus. (wikipedia.org)
- A. tumefaciens binds to abiotic and biotic surfaces in a polar orientation and is known to elaborate polar flagella, pili, and a type IV secretion system. (grantome.com)
- A. tumef aciens C58 is the most heavily studied member of the genus Agrobacterium . (google.com)
- The genus Agrobacterium is quite heterogeneous . (wikipedia.org)
- Dye D. W. The effects of chemicals and antibiotic substances on crown-gall ( Agrobacterium tumefaciens [Smith and Townsend] Conn.) Part IV. (ucanr.edu)
- Dye D. W., Hutchinson P. B., Hastings A. Effect of chemicals and antibiotic substances on crown-gall ( Agrobacterium tumefaciens [Smith and Townsend] Conn.) Part I. Colchicine and penicillin. (ucanr.edu)
- Of 161 streptomyces isolates previously isolated from soils in the Jordan Valley, 32 were found to be active against Agrobacterium tumefaciens, the causal agent of crown gall disease. (who.int)
- My lab was involved in the genetic/physically mapping and sequencing of the A. tumefaciens C58 genome (Goodner et al. (google.com)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen with the unique ability to transfer a defined segment of DNA to eukaryotes, where it integrates into the eukaryotic genome. (sciencemag.org)
- Analysis of the genome sequence and of transcription via reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) combined with transposon gene disruptions revealed that ZntA-4200 and the transcriptional regulator ZntR1 played important roles in the zinc homeostasis of A. tumefaciens CCNWGS0286. (rti.org)
- An earlier version of pGreenII was reported to be unstable, whereby it acquired DNA from the genome of E. coli prior to transfer of plasmid into A. tumefaciens ( Hellens and Mullineaux 2000 ). (g3journal.org)
- A later study suggested that Agrobacterium attaches to and genetically transforms several types of human cells by integrating its T-DNA into the human cell genome. (wikipedia.org)
- 1985). Agrobacterium Tumefaciens induced grown gall disease by integrating a part of its tumor inducing or Ti plasmid into the genome of the plant. (ukessays.com)
- Since 1970's, there were many hypothesis regarding the mechanism of DNA transfer from Agrobacterium tumefaciens to the plant genome. (ukessays.com)
- Octopine Ti-plasmid deletion mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens with emphasis on the right side of the T-region. (cellartis.com)
- Two pantothenate-requiring mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens have been isolated. (unl.edu)
- Using A. tumefaciens and the binary vector method, you can transform various plants for infection (transfection) experiments. (cellartis.com)
- Putatively transgenic cells of cocoa (after 20 weeks of A. tumefaciens treatment) were first extracted and then digested using restriction enzyme (Sau3A) which cut at T-DNA right border (GATC). (ums.edu.my)
- Characterization of a putative periplasmic transport system for octopine accumulation encoded by Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti plasmid pTiA6. (duke.edu)
- Canfield, M.L. & Moore, L.W. 1991 Isolation and characterization of opine-utilizing strains of Agrobacterium tumefaciens and fluorescent strains of Pseudomonas spp. (wiley.com)
- Bozsó, Zoltán 2018-02-22 00:00:00 Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a widely used microbial tool in plant molecular biology to transfer DNA into plant cells and produce, e.g., stable or transient transformants or induce gene silencing. (deepdyve.com)
- The expression of the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) gene was delivered with high efficiency to maize calli, roots and shoots by A. tumefaciens carrying the GUS gene was observed. (plymouth.ac.uk)
- Two parameters affecting Agrobacterium infection efficiency were investigated, including inoculation , media. (ac.ir)
- that allow propagation in Escherichia coli , wherein DNA can be readily cloned and manipulated between the borders of the T-DNA, prior to transfer into A. tumefaciens and finally plants ( Bevan 1984 ). (g3journal.org)
- Intramolekularna rekombinacija u bakterijama Escherichia coli i Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Diplomski rad). (unizg.hr)
- Intramolekularna rekombinacija u bakterijama Escherichia coli i Agrobacterium tumefaciens', Diplomski rad, Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet, citirano: 28.01.2020. (unizg.hr)
- Ovim radom željeli smo ispitati efikasnost intramolekularne rekombinacije u bakteriji Agrobacterium tumefaciens, te je usporediti s onom u bakterije Escherichia coli. (unizg.hr)
- When plants are being grafted en masse in nurseries, precautions against crown gall infection are essential. (northernwoodlands.org)
- Although generally seen as an infection in plants, Agrobacterium can be responsible for opportunistic infections in humans with weakened immune systems , but has not been shown to be a primary pathogen in otherwise healthy individuals. (wikipedia.org)
- A. tumefaciens causes crown gall disease in many different plants. (gettyimages.com.au)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a widespread naturally occurring soil bacterium that causes crown gall, and has the ability to introduce new genetic material into the plant cell (Gelvin, 2003). (nepad-abne.net)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that causes plant tumours by transferring a portion of DNA from a resident 'tumour inducing' (Ti) plasmid into plant cells where it is integrated into a plant chromosome and expressed. (wiley.com)
- Dong, L.-C. , Sun, C.-W. , Thies, K.L. , Luthe, D.S. & Graves, C.H. Jr 1992 Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect pathogenic strains of Agrobacterium . (wiley.com)
- A. tumefaciens causes typical crown-gall diseases. (frontiersin.org)
- However, until about 20 years ago, it was generally believed that monocotyledons could not be transformed by Agrobacterium, because these plants are outside the host range of crown gall disease caused by this bacterium. (frontiersin.org)
- Nursery production of walnut seedlings is a 2-year process, during which crown gall, caused by Agrobacterium tumefaciens , often develops at grafting wounds. (apsnet.org)
- In this study, the spread of crown gall via contaminated tools and the efficacy of several disinfectants against A. tumefaciens were demonstrated. (apsnet.org)
- Crown gall, the common name for Agrobacterium tumefaciens , is one of the most famous plant diseases in the world. (northernwoodlands.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens has long been the source of crown gall disease in dicotyledon plants (Walden, 1988). (ukessays.com)
- There's a bacterium called Agrobacterium tumofaciens, which inserts DNA sequences into plant genomes to trigger cell proliferation causing these galls to form on trees. (thenakedscientists.com)
- The large growths on these roots are galls induced by Agrobacterium sp. (wikipedia.org)
- The eleven predicted gene products of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens virB operon are believed to form a transmembrane pore complex through which T-DNA export occurs. (duke.edu)
- A. tumefaciens is an alphaproteobacterium of the family Rhizobiaceae, which includes the nitrogen-fixing legume symbionts. (wikipedia.org)
- Bishop, A.L. , Burr, T.J. , Mittak, V.L. & Katz, B.H. 1989 A monoclonal antibody specific to Agrobacterium tumefaciens biovar 3 and its utilization for indexing grapevine propagation material. (wiley.com)
- Transgene expression using the phytopathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens has been shown to promote the genetic modification of non-plant cells. (cdc.gov)
- A. tumefaciens infects the plant through its Ti plasmid. (wikipedia.org)
- A. tumefaciens is known because of the it infects the plant. (gettyimages.com.au)
- The wide variety of plants affected by Agrobacterium makes it of great concern to the agriculture industry. (wikipedia.org)
- Because the osa-encoded product has close homologies to the fiwA-encoded product of the IncP plasmid RP1, osa may be involved in fertility inhibition that would prevent or reduce the formation of stable mating pairs and T-DNA transfer between A. tumefaciens and plants. (asm.org)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium which, with the help of the Ti megaplasmid, manipulates plants into providing it with a safe and nutritious environment. (splasho.com)
- Ashby AM, Watson MD, Loake GJ, Shaw CH (1988) Ti plasmid-specified chemotaxis of Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58C 1 toward vir -inducing phenolic compounds and soluble factors from monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. (springer.com)
- Agrobacterium is well known for its ability to transfer DNA between itself and plants, and for this reason it has become an important tool for genetic engineering . (wikipedia.org)
- The researchers used Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Section 15.7) to deliver a mammalian gene into poplar plants. (bartleby.com)
- In vitro adherence assays demonstrated that the cell wall material from STS-derived embryos provide a better substratum for adherence of Agrobacterium . (springer.com)
- In: Wang K (ed) Methods in molecular biology, Agrobacterium protocols, vol 343, vol 1. (springer.com)
- This paper presents recent information on the biology of Agrobacterium tumefaciens , and outlines techniques for isolating and studying the bacterium. (ucanr.edu)
- Written by leading experts and highlighting recent advances, this volume serves both as an introduction to Agrobacterium biology for students as well as a more comprehensive text for research scientists. (springer.com)
- Anguillesi A (2003) Molecular biology of curdlan biosynthesis by Agrobacterium sp. (springer.com)
- Preliminary evidence on three strains of A. tumefaciens showed that neither the production of N ⁶-Δ² -isopentenyladenine or zeatin correlated with the presence of the tumor-inducing plasmid. (oregonstate.edu)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a plant pathogen capable of transferring a defined segment of DNA to a host plant, generating a gall tumor. (sciencemag.org)
- Several loci on the tumor-inducing plasmid from Agrobacterium tumefaciens were transcriptionally activated in the presence of wounded plant tissue or extracts. (elsevier.com)
- Protoplast infections using an A. tumefaciens virE mutant result in a low level of accumulation of T-strands in the plant cells. (pnas.org)
- In the presence of opines, A. tumefaciens produces a diffusible conjugation signal called 30C8HSL or the Agrobacterium autoinducer. (wikipedia.org)
- Agrobacterium strains were attracted to several opines tested. (illinois.edu)
- Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'Nucleotide sequence and analysis of the plant-inducible locus pinF from Agrobacterium tumefaciens. (elsevier.com)
- A. tumefaciens has flagella that allow it to swim through the soil towards photoassimilates that accumulate in the rhizosphere around roots. (wikipedia.org)
- In roots as well as in shoots, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and E. coli triggered similar (in PR37Y15) or different (in DK315) changes in the high-performance liquid chromatography profiles of secondary metabolites (especially benzoxazinoids), distinct from those of Azospirillum brasilense UAP-154. (apsnet.org)
- Compared with the noninoculated control, root biomass (with A. tumefaciens or E. coli ) and shoot biomass (with A. tumefaciens ) were enhanced at 10 days for 'PR37Y15' but not 'DK315', as found with the phytostimulator Azospirillum brasilense UAP-154 (positive control). (apsnet.org)
- Hoekema, A. Hirsch, P.R. Hooykaas, P.J.J. Schilperoort, R.A. A binary plant vector strategy based on separation of vir - and T-region of the Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ti-plasmid. (cellartis.com)